2015届高考英语语法专项课后训练题47

第 24 讲神态动词与虚构语气2013新题赏析
主讲教师：林斌北京八十中学英语特级教师
题一： Mary was badly ill, otherwise she ______.
A. would have attended
B. must have attended
C. could
attend D. would attend
题二： They must have enjoyed themselves there, otherwise they ______so long.
A. can’ t have stayed
B. wouldn’ t have stayed
C. can’ t stay
D. wouldn’ t stay
题三： You did turn in your report on time, but it______better, you know. A. could be done B. must be done
C. could have been done
D. must have been done
题四：—Jenny took the 8:00 bus to Shanghai this morning.
—Really? She_______the 9:00 train. It ’muchs more comfortable and safer to travel by train.
A. could have taken
B. should take
C.must have taken
D. can take
题五： It rained and rained as if it ______ .
A. never stopped
B. had never stopped
C. never stops
D.
would never stop
题六： It looks as if they ______ the truth, but in fact they are not.
A. are telling
B. tell
C. told
D. were telling
题七：It’s still early. You hurry.
A. mustn’ t
B. wouldn’ t
C. may not
D. needn ’t
题八：—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ______ have done it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn ’ t
B. wouldn’t
C. may not
D. shouldn’ t
题九：—Happy Teachers’Day!
—Thank you! It’ s the best present I _____for.
A. should have wished
B. must have wished
C. may have
wished D. could have wished
题十： I_________ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A. shouldn’t
B.couldn’ t
C.mustn’ t
D.needn’t
题十一： I offered Jimmy some milk, but he _________drink it.
A. mustn ’ t
B. wouldn’ t
C. shouldn’ t
D.
mightn ’t
题十二： I have decided to take the job and I _____ change my mind.
A. mustn ’ t
B. can ’ t
C. won ’ t
D. may not
题十三： You______ have spent any money on the software. It was available for free.
A. needn’ t
B. may not
C. can’t
D. mustn’ t
题十四： As it turned out to be a small house party, we ________ have dressed up so formally.
A. shouldn’ t
B. couldn’ t
C. might not
D. needn’t
题十五： It has been announced that candidates ______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A. can
B. will
C. may
D. shall
题十六： According to the newly-made traffic regulation ，whoever drives through red light be fined at least 200 dollars. A.
shall B. may C. would D. should
题十七： If you______me, I would have given you his address.
A. asked
B. should ask
C. had asked
D.has
asked
题十八： John went to the hospital alone. If he______me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell
B. tells
C. told
D. had told
题十九： If it ______ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.
A. rained
B. would have rained
C. have seen
D.had rained
题二十： If he ______ so much of his time playing computer games, he might have done something useful.
A. hadn spend ’ t spent
B. didn ’ t spend D. were
not to spend
C.shouldn’ t
题二十一： We ______ work too much for the people.
A. can’t
B. shouldn’t
C. mustn ’t
D. needn ’t
题二十二： You _______ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.
A. can’ t
B. shouldn’ t
C. mustn’ t
D. needn’t
题二十三： You didn ’t drive me. If we ______in turn, you wouldn’t have
got so tired.
A. drove
B. drove
C. were driving
D.had
driven
题二十四：—Mike, it's a pity you didn’t come to last night’s Concert. It was really great!
—Really? If I ______so busy, I would have gone with you.
A. hadn't been
B. weren ’t
C. shouldn’t be
D.
wouldn ’ t be
题二十五： Joan ______ come with us this afternoon, but she isn't very sure
yet.
A. can
B. might
C. must
D. will
题二十六：—Who______ it be that is knocking at the door?
—It ______ be Father, but I’ m not sure.
A. can; must
B. can; may
C. must; can
D.
may; must
题二十七： Had he been free yesterday, he to Jane ’s birthday party.
A. will go
B. would have gone
C. had gone
D. went
题二十八： Had it not been for the sudden rain, we _______ in the zoo, which a lot of people visit every day.
A. would enjoy ourselves
B. enjoyed ourselves
C. had enjoyed ourselves
D. would have enjoyed ourselves
题二十九： -Could I have a word with you, mum?
-Oh dear, if you _______.
A. can
B. must
C. may
D. should
题三十： -May I smoke here?
-If you _____ , choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should
B. could
C. may
D. must
题一：A
详解： otherwise 指引的是委婉虚构条件句。

由前句中的“was”可知，表示的是与此刻过去事实相反的虚构
语气，主句中的谓语动词应用 would/should/could/might +have done 的构造。

题二：B
详解： otherwise 指引的是委婉虚构条件句。

由前句中的“must have enjoyed themselves可知”，表示的是与过
去事实相反的虚构语气，主句中的谓语动词应用would/should/could/might +have done的构造。

题三：C
详解：依据“but it ______ better, you know. 可知，”空格处应用“could+ have+过去分词”形式表示过去本能够
做某事而实质未做。

题四：A
详解：依据“It ’s much more comfortable and safer to travel by train可.知，空格处”应用“could+have+过去分词”形式表示过去本能够做某事而实质未做。

题五：D
详解：当 as if 指引的从句所表示的内容与事实相反时，从句中的谓语动词用虚构语气。

未来的虚构，从句
的谓语动词用过去未来时。

题六：D
详解：当 as if 指引的从句所表示的内容与事实相反时，从句中的谓语动词用虚构语气。

依据 but in fact they are not 可知，从句表示的是与此刻事实相反的虚构语气，即他们此刻没有在说实话，从句的谓语动词应用
过去进行时。

题七：D
详解：由 It ’s still early可知，应选needn’t（不用）。

题八：A
详解：“needn’t have done意为“没有必需做，实则已经做过了”。

由“I could manage it myself. 表示”没
有必需帮助把房间打扫洁净。

题九：D
详解： A 项意为“本应当希望而实质上并不是这样”；B项意为“必定希望” ；C项意为“或许希望” ；D项意
为“可能希望” 。

句意为：——教师节快乐！——感谢你！这是我所能希望的最好的礼品了。

依据句意可知，应选 D项。

题十：B
分析考察对过去发生的状况的推断。

couldn ’thave done 是对过去发生状况的否认推断，其必定形式相同是
对过去发生状况的推断，意为“可能已” 。

shouldn’thave done原来不该当，但实质已经；needn’
t have done 原来不需要，但实质上已经；must 表示推断时，只用在必定句中。

应选 B 项。

题十一：B
, 意为“不肯意，不肯”。

句意为：我让吉米喝牛奶，但他不肯喝。

wouldn’t过去不宁
愿
题十二：C
“不肯意不肯”。

详解：我已经决定接受这份工作，不想改变主义了。

won’t表示未来不宁愿，意
为
题十三：A
详解：“needn’t have done意为“没有必需做，实则已经做过了”。

依据 It was available for free. 可知，不用花费而花了。

题十四：D
详解：“needn’t have done意为“没有必需做，实则已经做过了”。

依据 As it turned out to be a small house party 可知，不用那么正式地化妆了。

题十五：D
详解：句意为：已经宣告，考生在收卷前一定坐在自己的座位上不动。

shall 用在第三人称的陈说句中，表
示在法律、条款等文件中的规定，意为“一定”。

题十六：A
详解： shall 在第三人称的陈说句中，表示在法律、条款等文件中的规定，意为“一定”。

题十七：C
详解：依据主句谓语动词的形式“wouldn’t have lost可知”， if指引的条件状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚
拟语气，因此答案应选C。

题十八： D
详解：前一句是陈说语气，说明动作发生在过去，并且后一句的主句已经是“would have gone”的形式，说明是与过去事实相反的虚构语气。

与之对应的从句的谓语动词的形式应用“had 过+去分词”形式，因此答案应选 D。

题十九：D
详解： shall 用在第二人称、第三人称的陈说句中表示“承诺”。

详解：依据主句谓语动词的构造“would have been called off 可知”，题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚构语气，
从句的谓语动词应用“had+过去分词”的构造。

题二十：A
详解：依据主句谓语动词的构造“might have done”可知，题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚构语气，从句的谓语动词应用“had+过去分词”的构造。

题二十一：A
详解：cannot（can’t）too是英语中一个十分实用的表达，意为“不论如何也不算过分，越越好”。

句意为：我们为人民服务不论如何做也不算过分。

题二十二：A
详解：cannot（can’t）too是英语中一个十分实用的表达，意为“不论如何也不算过分，越越好”。

句意为：你不论如何注意你的阅读技术也不算过分，由于阅读技术是这样重要。

题二十三：D
详解：由“You didn ’t drive me ”可知，后句是与过去事实相反的虚构语气，其条件句的谓语动词要用
去分词”的构造，其主句的谓语动词要用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”的构造。

“had+过
题二十四：A
详解：由上文的两个句子使用“一般过去时”可知，下文的句子是与过去事实相反的虚构语气，其条件句的
谓语动词要用“had+过去分词”的构造，其主句的谓语动词要用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”的构造。

题二十五：B
详解：从“heisn't sure ”知道，应选might，表示掌握不大的详细可能性。

表示客观的可能性, 在这里不切合语境。

can和 might 的意思相同, 但 can 题二十六：B
详解：表示推断时 , can, may 和 must 的差别是： can 用于必定句、否认句或疑问句中，意为于必定句或否认句或中，意为“可能”； must 用在必定句中，意为“必定”。

在必定句中，
“可能”；may 用could,may 和 must
表示详细的可能性，而 can 表示客观的可能性。

第一句话为疑问句，因此第一个空应填定句 , 依据“but I ’m not sure可知”，表示掌握不大的详细可能性，因此第二个空应填
can；第二句话为肯may。

题二十七：B
详解：由题意可知，“Had he been free yesterday是一”个与过去事实相反的虚构条件句。

假如if 虚构条件句的谓语中含有had，那么就能够把had 提到句首并且把if 省略，即 If he had been free yesterday 可变为 Had he been free yesterday。

由于主从句都是说的过去，因此主句的谓语动词应用should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”的构造。

题二十八：C
详解：由题意可知，“Had it not been for the sudden rain 是一个与”过去事实相反的虚构条件句。

假如if虚构条件句的谓语中含有had，那么就能够把had 提到句首并且把if 省略，即If it had not been for the sudden rain 可变为 Had it not been for the sudden rain 。

由于主从句都是说的过去，因此主句的谓语动词应用
should/would/could/might+have+ 过去分词”的构造。

题二十九：B
详解：依据句意可知，应选must（恰恰，非要）。

题三十：D
详解：依据句意可知，应选must（恰恰，非要）。