午夜的太阳说明文及题目答案英文

午夜的太阳说明文及题目答案英文
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal species on this planet．Instead，we are
diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light．This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings．Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night：We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light．译文：如果人类真的在月亮和星星的光下呆在家里，我们会很高兴地进入黑暗中，午夜的世界对我们来说就像对这个星球上大量夜间活动的物种一样可见。

相反，我们是白天活动的生物，眼睛适应了太阳光。

这是一个基本的进化事实，尽管我们大多数人并不认为自己是白天的生物。

然而这是解释我们对夜晚所做的一切的唯一方法：我们设计了它，让它充满光来接收我们。

The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences-called light pollution whose effects
scientists are only now beginning to study．Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky．III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night
and completely changes the light levels-and light rhythms-to which many forms of life，including ourselves，have adapted．Wherever human light spills into the natural world，some aspect of life is affected．
译文：这种工程带来的好处是光污染的后果，科学家们现在才开始研究光污染的影响。

光污染主要是由于糟糕的照明设计造成的，这种设计允许人造光向外和向上照射到天空中。

第三，设计的照明洗去了夜晚的黑暗，完全改变了光线水平和光线节奏许多生命形式，包括我们自己，都已经适应了。

只要人类的光线进入自然世界，生命的某些方面就会受到影响。

In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars，leaving behind a vacant haze that mirrors our fear of the dark．We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night，dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth，is wholly beyond our experience，beyond memory almost．
译文：在大多数城市，天空看起来好像已经没有星星了，留下了一片空旷的烟雾，反映了我们对黑暗的恐惧。

我们已经习惯了这种橙色的烟雾，以至于原本没有亮光的夜晚的荣耀，黑暗到足以让金星投下阴影，完全超出了我们的经验，几乎超出了记忆。

We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country，when nothing could be further form the
truth．Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal species is astonishing．Light is a powerful biological force，and on many species it acts as a magnet．The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being captured by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms．Migrating at night，birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings．译文：我们照亮了夜晚，就好像它是一个无人居住的国家，没有什么能比这更符合事实。

光是哺乳动物，夜间活动的物种数量就惊人。

光是一种强大的生物力量，对许多物种来说，它就像一块磁铁。

这种影响如此强大，以至于科学家们说，鸣禽和海鸟被陆地上的探照灯或气体的光捕捉到了海洋石油平台上的照明弹。

鸟类在夜间迁徙时，往往会与灯火通明的高楼相撞。

Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal，throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint，including their nighttime breeding choruses．Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs．Like most other creatures，we do need darkness．Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare，to our internal clockwork，as light itself．译文：生活在灯火通明的高速公路附近的青蛙夜间受到的光照
水平比正常情况高出一百万倍，几乎使它们的行为失去了协调，包括夜间繁殖时的合唱。

与青蛙一样，人类也同样受到光污染的困扰。

与大多数其他生物一样，我们确实需要黑暗。

黑暗对我们的生物活动至关重要福利，对我们的内部时钟来说，就像光本身。

Living in a glare of our own making，we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage-the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night．In a very real sense，light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe，to forget the scale of our being，which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way-the edge of our galaxy-arching overhead．
译文：生活在由我们自己创造的强光中，我们将自己与我们的进化和文化遗产——恒星的光和昼夜的节奏——隔绝开来。

从非常真实的意义上说，光污染导致我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们存在的规模，这最好是以银河系作为我们生命边缘的深夜的规模来衡量的银河系在头顶呈拱形。

答案及翻译
1、According to the passage，human being（B）
A．prefer to live in the darkness.
B．are used to living in the day light.
C．were curious about the midnight world.
D．had to stay at home with the light of the moon.
2、What does"it"（Paragraph 1）most probably refer to （A）
A．The night.
B．The moon.
C．The sky.
D．The planet.
3、The writer mentions birds and frogs to（B）
A．provide examples of animal protection.
B．show how light pollution affects animals.
C．compare the living habits of both species.
D．explain why the number of certain species has declined.
4、It is implied in the last paragraph that（D）
A．light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animals.
B．light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages.
C．human beings cannot go to the outer space.
D．human beings should reflect on their position in the universe.
5、What might be the best title for the passage？（C）
A．The Magic light．
B．The Orange Haze．
C．The Disappearing Night．
D．The Rhythms of Nature．
1、根据文章，人类（B）
A、宁愿生活在黑暗中。

B、习惯于在阳光下生活。

C、我们对午夜世界很好奇。

D、在月光下不得不呆在家里。

2、“它”（第1段）最有可能指的是什么（A）
A、夜晚。

B、月亮。

C、天空。

D、地球。

3、作者在（B）中提到了鸟类和青蛙
A、提供动物保护的例子。

B、展示光污染如何影响动物。

C、比较两个物种的生活习惯。

D、解释某些物种数量下降的原因。

4、最后一段暗示（D）
A、光污染会损害动物的视力。

B、光污染破坏了一些世界遗产。

C、人类不能去外层空间。

D、人类应该反思自己在宇宙中的地位。

5、这篇文章最好的标题是什么（C）
A、魔法之光。

B、橙色的烟雾。

C、消失的夜晚。

D、大自然的节奏。