2014高考英语 抓分训练 文化教育型阅读理解1

2014高考英语抓分训练：文化教育型阅读理解(一)
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A
APracticalEnglishGrammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and post­intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.
The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.
In the fourth edition, the main changes are as follows.
1．Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.
2．There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses.
3．Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must，etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.
4．The content list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.
In this edition, the sign “～〞 is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogues. Note also says that although the sign “＝〞sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e．g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.
We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.
1. The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for ________．
A．a middle school teacher
B．a primary school student
C．a senior high student
D．a college student
2. According to the passage, we know that this grammar book________．
A．compares modern English with old English
B．gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty
C．attaches more importance to conversational forms
D．pays little attention to strict grammatical forms
3. Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?
A．This book keeps up with the latest usages of the American English language.
B．This edition offers more information about pronouns.
C．It's not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.
D．One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish〞．
4. When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ti cket? ～Yes, I managed to get one〞， we can understand that ________．
A．the two parts before and after the sign “～〞 mean the same
B．the two parts before and after “～〞 are said by two different people C．the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says
D．the topic is changed in the part after the sign “～〞
5. In the last paragraph, the authors thank several people because________．
A．they have helped the authors with this edition
B．they have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authors
C．the authors want to make use of the fame of those people
D．those people will make advertisements for this book
B
A fellow speaker from California named Geri flew to Japan, in her favourite jeans and a casual jacket, to give her first speech. Fourteen hours later, four perfectly dressed Japanese gentlemen greeted her at NaritaAirport. Smiling and bowing low, they handed her their business cards. With her bag in one hand, Geri took their cards with the other. She thanked them, glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.
When the five of them arrived at the hotel, they invited Geri to tea in the lobby (大厅). While sipping tea, the gentlemen presented her with a small gift which she eagerly opened. She was thrilled with the gift and shouted excitedly, “Oh, it's beautiful！〞
At this point, the four Japanese gentlemen stood up and, bowing only very slightly, said “Sayonara〞 and left immediately. Poor Geri was left astonished. What did she do wrong?
Everything! Her jeans were the first gaffe. Even if you're coming off a bicycle in Japan, you do not meet clients (客人) casually dressed. The second mistake was Geri's handling of their business cards rudely. In Japan, the business card is one of the most important communicative tools. It is always presented and accepted respectfully with both hands. However, Geri put their cards away much too quickly. In Japan, people use business cards as a conversation starter. You chat about each other's cards and work and do not put theirs away until they gently and respectfully place yours in safe keeping. Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.
Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients. In a land where saving face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received. What is worse, Geri hadn't even given them a gift!
1. In the four Japanese gentlemen's eyes, Geri took their cards ________．
A．excitedly
B．embarrassingly
C．politely
D．disrespectfully
2. Why did the four Japanese gentlemen leave Geri suddenly?
A．Because they couldn't bear Geri's behaviour any longer.
B．Because they had finished the task.
C．Because Geri had something more important to do.
D．Because Geri felt embarrassed.
3. What does the underlined word “gaffe〞 in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Ignorance.
B．Sadness.
C．Mistake.
D．Carelessness.
4. The third mistake Geri made was that she ________．
A．used her own card as a conversation starter
B．took her clients' cards with one hand
C．kept her clients' cards in a wrong place
D．met her clients in jeans
5. What lesson can we draw from this story?
A．Honesty is the best policy.
B．Think twice before you take any action.
C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
D．Don't claim to know what you don't know.
C
Some American parents might think their children need better education to compete with China and other countries. But how much do the parents themselves need to change?
A new book called BattleHymnoftheTigerMother by Amy Chua has caused a debate about cultural differences in parenting. Ms Chua is a professor at the YaleLawSchool in New Haven, Connecticut, and the mother of two daughters. She was raised in the American Mid­west by immigrant Chinese parents.
In the Chinese culture, the tiger represents strength and power. In her book, Ms Chua writes about how she demanded excellence from her daughters. For example, she threatened to burn her daughter's stuffed animals unless they played a piece of music perfectly. She would insult her daughters if they failed to meet her expectations.
Ms Chua told NBC television that she had a clear list of what her daughters, Sophia and Louisa, were not permitted to do, such as attending a sleepover, having a play date, watching TV or playing computer games and getting any grade less than an A.
Many people have criticized Amy Chua. Some say her parenting methods were abusive(辱骂的). She even admits that her husband, who is not Chinese, sometimes objected to her parenting style. But she says that was the way her parents raised her and her three sisters.
Ms Chua makes fun of her own extreme style of parenting. She says she eased some of the pressure after her younger daughter rebelled and shouted, “I hate my life!
I hate you！〞
Ms Chua says she decided to retreat when it seemed like there was a risk that she might lose her daughter. But she also says American parents often have low expectations of their children's abilities.
“One of the biggest differences I see between Western and Chinese parenting is that Chinese parents assume strength rather than fragility(脆弱)．〞Stacey DeBroff has written four books on parent ing. “I think that the stirring of intense debate has to do with what it means to be a successful parent and what it means to be a successful child.〞
Ms DeBroff says Amy Chua's parenting style is not limited to Chinese families. She says it represents a traditional way of parenting among immigrants seeking a better future for their children.
But she also sees a risk. When children have no time to be social or to follow their own interests, they might not develop other skills that they need to succeed in life. Stacey DeBroff advises parents to develop their own style of parenting and not just repeat the way they were raised.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about American parents?
A．Some of them expect their children to be competitive.
B．Some of them need to educate themselves better.
C．They should learn from Chinese parents.
D．They care their kids more than Chinese parents.
2. What can we learn about BattleHymnoftheTigerMother?
A．It is a list of things for children to do.
B．It is a book about cultural differences.
C．It is a heated debate about parenting.
D．It is a book about how to raise children.
3. Based on the passage, Ms Chua's parenting is exposed to the following EXCEPT________．
A．pressure B．management
C．recreation D．compromise
4. What does the underlined word “retreat〞 in Paragraph 7 mean?
A．Give in. B．Pass away.
C．Cry out. D．Go ahead.
5. According to Ms DeBroff, ________．
A．Amy Chua's parenting style should be banned(禁止) in China
B．Amy Chua should stop to adopt American parenting styles
C．Amy Chua's parenting style should be adjusted if possible
D．There isn't any advantages in Amy Chua's parenting style
A
【要点综述】本文主要介绍了《实用英语语法》的特点与对它的第四版与之前版本主要不同的地方进展了介绍。

1．B 根据文章第一段“APracticalEnglishGrammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and post­intermediate students.〞可知，《实用英语语法》适合中级水平或者更高水平的学者，即不适用于小学生。

应当选B项。

2．C根据第二段“Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.〞可知，这次修订更加注重于有争议的形式。

应当选C项。

3．D根据第三条“…verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves…〞可知，某一个特定的章节会来讨论表示喜好的动词。

应当选D项。

4．B 从“In this edition, the sign ‘～’ is frequently used to show a c hange of speaker in examples of dialogues.〞可知，“～〞前后两局部是两个不同的人的说话内容。

应当选B项。

5．A 从最后一段“We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.〞可知，这些人都给作者提供了好的建议和帮助。

应当选A项。

B
【要点综述】本文介绍了Geri在与日本人交往中所犯的几个礼仪上的错误。

1．D 由文章第一段“…glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.〞和第四段的“The second mistake was Geri's handling of their business cards rudely.〞可知答案。

2．A 从第五段“Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients.In a land where saving face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received.〞可推知答案。

3．C 从第三段“What did she do wrong？〞和第四段的“The second mistake was Geri's handling of their business cards rudely.〞可推知答案。

4．C 从第四段“The second mistake was Geri's handling of their business cards rudely.〞和“Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was t he ultimate disrespect.〞可推知答案。

5．C 纵观全文可得出答案。

C
【要点综述】本文是对虎妈教育子女的讨论，说明了东西方在教育方面所存在的巨大差异。

1．A 文章第一句“Some American parents might think their children need better education to compete with China and other countries.〞说明很多的美国父母也希望自己的孩子有竞争力。

故A正确。

2．D 第二段“A new book called BattleHymnoftheTigerMother by Amy Chua has caused a debate about cultural differences in parenting.〞说明这本书是关于子女教育的。

故D正确。

3．C 文章“…were not permitted to do, such as attending a sleepover, having a play date, watching TV or playing computer games, and getting any grade less than an A．〞和“She says she eased some of the pressure after her younger daughter rebelled and shouted, ‘I hate my life! I hate you！’〞以与“Ms Chua says she decided to
retreat…〞说明在这种教育里，有管理、压力和妥协，但是唯独没有娱乐，因为她对孩子的要求很高。

故C正确。

4．A 由画线词后的“…when it seemed like there was a risk that she might lose her daughter.〞可推出retreat意为“退让〞，A项意思与其相近。

5．C 由文章最后一段“Stacey DeBroff advises parents to develop their own style of parenting and not just repeat the way they were raised.〞可知答案为C。