2022届全国新高考英语题型专项突破(含答案解析)

2022届全国新高考英语题型专项突破
一、阅读理解
1.
The Internet is redrawing the media landscape and will be for decades to come, but traditional media will not be left out of the picture, two journalism professors of University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa argued. Ed Mullins, chairman of the Journalism Department, and Jim Stovall, the founder of Dateline Alabama? the new website of the College of Communication and Information Sciences, agree that the future of the web is still a mystery, but argue that, in the near future, it will serve more as a helpmate to traditional media.
“Nobody knows where the web is taking us, but when it comes to journalism, old media will be dominant players in the new media game, ” Mullins believes. “Some rating services report that most Americans go to sites operated by old-line media when looking for news on the web. ”
Just as national old media dominate the web at that level, local old media run mostly by newspapers and, to a lesser degree, by television stations, dominate those markets. Is there a pattern here? Yes, say Mullins and Stovall. “At least in the first decade of the web, newspaper companies dominate web journalism, ” Mullins explains. “Why? They specialize in news, and that gives them an advantage. What most readers go to websites for are news and e-mail, a form of person-to- person news, especially in the form of chatting. ”
The reason for newspapers’ dominance in web journalism, Stovall points out, is that they have the biggest investment in news. “The Birmingham News, for example, with about 175 positions, has more journalists on its payroll than all of the state’s broadcast, cable, and web—only entities combined. ”
(1) What role does the Internet play in journalism according to Paragraph 1?
A. It dominates the media market.
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B. It is likely to threaten the future of traditional media.
C. It becomes a helpful partner of print media.
D. It revolutionizes journalism.
(2) The following statements prove that old media still dominate web journalism EXCEPT________.
A. people prefer traditional media when looking for news
B. old media have the most important position in local markets
C. newspaper companies have more control in web journalism
D. few people go to websites to get news
(3) Traditional media dominate web journalism because________.
A. news and advertising are their only business
B. they invest more money in news
C. web companies dare not compete with them
D. they enjoy privileges in journalism
(4) What is the best title for the passage?
A. Internet won’t eliminate print media
B. Internet challenges traditional media
C. Looking for news on the web
D. Journalism should be dominated by web
(5) What is the author’s attitude towards the future of traditional media?
A. Negative.
B. Critical.
C. Concerned.
D. Optimistic.
2.
The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public places. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700’s the world’s first printed newspaper was published. Europe didn’t have a regularly published
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newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.
The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant (《每日新闻》). It came out in March 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston Newsletter (《波士顿新闻通讯》), the first newspaper published in the American colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1, 800 daily papers in the United States.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation (发行量)in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun (《读卖新闻》). It sells more than 10 million copies every day.
(1) The first daily newspaper came out in________.
A. 59 BC
B. 700’s
C. 1609
D. 1620
(2) The first regularly published newspaper in Europe was printed in ________.
A. England
B. Germany
C. France
D. Sweden
(3) The first printed newspaper in America came out in________.
A. Washington
B. New York
C. Boston
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D. New Orleans
(4) Today there are about ________daily newspapers printed in the United States.
A.1, 621
B.1, 704
C.1, 760
D.1, 800
(5) Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam.
B. English language newspapers sell more than 10 million copies every day.
C. Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper in 1608.
D. The first daily English newspaper came out in March.
3.
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the formation again, so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment, the researchers gave facts to remember, and told them where to find the formation on the computer. The information was in a specify computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location (位置)better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the
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information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆).
According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories；that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
(1) The passage begins with two questions to________.
A. introduce the main topic
B. show the author’s attitude
C. describe how to use the Internet
D. remember how to find the information
(2) In transactive memory, people ________.
A. keep the memory in mind
B. change the quantity of information
C. organize information like a computer
D. remember how to find the information
(3) What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s search?
A. We are using memory differently.
B. We are becoming more intelligent.
C. We have poorer memories than before.
D. We need a better way to access information.
4.
Newspapers are one method of bringing the news to the public. Reporters, photographers, correspondents, and editors are some of the people who create newspapers. They are known as journalists.
Reporters are journalists who go out and get the news. They attend meetings.
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They cover events such as court cases, plays, and sporting events. They interview people to get their views about what is going on. Reporters must be able to write a story quickly so as to meet a deadline. People do not want to read old news. They want to know what is going on as soon as it happens. Reporters sometimes phone or e­mail their notes and quotations (引用语) to the paper from the scene. A reporter in the office then writes the story.
A “stringer” is a part­time reporter who works when called upon. A fire might break out in one part of town. An editor may ask a stringer who lives near the scene to cover the story.
Reporters often work with photographers, or photojournalists. Photojournalists take the pictures that illustrate (图解) the stories in a newspaper. They have to edit their pictures in time for them to appear with the story.
A correspondent is a journalist who covers the news in a particular place or on a subject that he or she has special knowledge in. Large newspaper groups have correspondents in foreign countries to report the news there. A paper may have a correspondent who covers just medical news.
An editor is a journalist who works at a desk in a newspaper office. Editors prepare the reporters’ stories to be printed in the paper. They decide which story is most important and gets the front­page headline. They decide which pictures to use. Editors do not often write the news, but they do write editorials (社论) in which they state their views on a topic or an issue.
People who work as journalists have some things in common. They are curious, they like to write, and they have a “nose for news”．They can spot news as it happens. They know what people want to read about.
(1)The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refers to________.
A. readers
B. journalists
C. reporters
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D. stringers
(2) A journalist working abroad to report news may be called________.
A. a stringer
B. a photojournalist
C. an editor
D. a correspondent
(3) According to the passage, both the reporter and the editor________.
A. usually work in the office
B. decide which pictures to use
C. have the ability to discover news
D. often write editorials for their paper
(4) The passage is mainly written to________.
A. introduce different posts and duties of journalists
B. describe the characters of journalists
C. explain how the news is collected
D. show how reporters work
(5)Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A.
B.
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C.
D.
CP：Central Point P：Point
Sp：Sub­point (次要点) C：Conclusion
参考答案：
1. (1)-(5)CDBAD
解析：(1) C 细节理解题。

根据第一段可知，因特网改变了传统的格局，但是传统的传媒并没出局，因特网成为传统传媒的助手。

(2) D推理判断题。

第二段和第三段指出了传统传媒业占据市场的种种依据。

第二段尾句印证了A项，第三段第一句和第四句印证了B项和C项。

(3) B细节理解题。

最后一段第一句说报业垄断是因为“they have the biggest investment in news。

(4) A主旨大意题。

本文主要讲述传统的传媒(报纸)并未因为因特网的出现而被排挤出去。

B项与全文意思相悖;C项和D项原文未提及。

(5) D推理判断题。

从全文可看出作者对传统传媒业的。

2.
(1)-(5)ABCDB
(1) A细节理解题。

由第一段第二句话“The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC.，，可推知答案。

(2) B细节理解题。

由第一段最后一句“Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany. ”可推知答案。

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(3) C细节理解题。

第三段第一句话“In 1690，Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston”表明C项为正确答案。

(4) D细节理解题。

第三段最后一句话提到现在美国有大约1 800份日报，故D 项正确。

(5) B细节理解题。

由最后一段我们可以看出，日本的《读卖新闻》发行量每天超过10 000 000份，而不是英语报纸。

3.
(1)-(3)ADA
解析：(1) A 推理判断题。

文章只要讨论网络是否引起人们的大脑记忆事情的变化。

作者首先用两个问题来引出话题，因此A项最佳。

(2) D 细节理解题。

由文章第三段中的“when people use the internet, they do not remember the information. Rather they remember how to find it. ”可知，在这样的情况下，人们更容易记住怎样找到信息，而不是信息的内容。

故选D项。

(3) A 推理判断题。

由文章最后一段最后一句“This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.”可排除BC，确定A项正确。

4.
(1)- (5) ADCAB
解析：【语篇解读】本文介绍了报纸新闻工作者的常见职位和职责。

(1) A 代词指代题。

根据上句的People do not want to read和本句的want to可知，此处they指的是上文中的people，也就是报纸的读者。

(2) D 细节理解题。

根据第五段的Large newspaper groups have correspondents in foreign countries to report the news there可知应选D项。

correspondent指的是专门负责报道某一地区或者某一领域的记者。

(3) C 推理判断题。

根据最后一段的they have a “nose for news”. They can spot news as it happens可知，记者和编辑都具有发现新闻的能力。

nose此处指“感知、发现的能力”。

(4) A 写作目的题。

该文旨在介绍新闻工作者的常见职位和职责，故A项最符合题意。

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(5) B文章结构题。

作者在开头概括了文章所要说明的四个要点：reporters，photographers，correspondents，and editors。

第二段和第三段都是介绍“记者”的。

B项结构图准确地描述了本文的结构。

二、完形填空
Every day, the news of the world reaches people by over 100million copies of daily papers, rover 400 million radio sets, and over150 million television sets. Additional news is ___(1)___ by motion(动作) pictures, in theatres and cinemas all over the world. As more people learn what the important events of the day are,
___(2)___still only care for the events of their own household. Nearly four hundred years ago the English writer John Donne said, “No man is an island.”This___(3)___is more appropriate(恰当的) today than it was___(4)___Donne lived. In short, wherever he lives, a man___(5)___to some society；and we are becoming more and more aware(清楚的) that___(6)___happens in one particular society affects, somehow, the life of mankind.
Newspapers have been published in the___(7)___world for about four hundred years. Most of the newspapers___(8)___today are read in Europe and North America. However, ___(9)___ they may be read in all parts of the world, ___(10)___to the new inventions that are changing the techniques of newspaper___(11)___.
Electronics and automation(自动化) have made it___(12)____to produce pictures and texts far more quickly than before. Photographic copying
doesn’t___(13)___touse type(铅字) and printing machines. And fewer specialists,
___(14)___typesetters, are needed to produce a paper or magazine by
the___(15)___method.
Therefore, the publishing of newspapers and magazines can___(16)___more money. Besides, photocopies can be sent over great___(17)___now by means of television channels and satellites such as Telstar. Thus, ___(18)___can be brought to the public more quickly than before.
Machines that prepare printed texts for photocopies are being used a great deal today. Film, ___(19)___light and small, can be sent rapidly to other places and used to print copies of the text___(20)___they are needed. Film pictures can also be projected
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easily on a movie or television screen.
(1) A. taken B. shown C. seen D. known
(2) A. fewer B. higher C. lower D. less
(3) A. study B. argument C. knowledge D. idea
(4) A. that B. while C. when D. then
(5) A. moves B. goes C. belongs D. comes
(6) A. it B. whatever C. something D. anything
(7) A. common B. modern C. ordinary D. usual
(8) A. bought B. printed C. found D. discovered
(9) A. fast B. suddenly C. immediately D. soon
(10) A. has B. brings C. thanks D. imagines
(11) A. delivering B. making C. selling D. publishing
(12) A. clear B. possible C. bright D. successful
(13) A. want B. need C. like D. hope
(14) A. including B. besides C. such as D. except
(15) A. advanced B. easy C. unusual D. suitable
(16) A. make B. earn C. save D. get
(17) A. places B. distances C. cities D. villages
(18) A. pictures B. newspapers C. letters D. words
(19) A. becoming B. feeling C. turning D. being
(20) A. where B. there C. which D. because of
参考答案：
(1)-(5)BADCC (6)-(10)BBBDC (11)-(15) DBBCA (16)-(20)CBADA
解析：
(1) B 根据句意“附加的新闻由电影展示”，故选B项。

show显示，展示。

(2) A 通读可知两句之间有转折之意，又因为此词修饰people，故应选修饰可数名词的few的比较级。

(3) D study“学习、研究”；argument“论点、论据”；knowledge“知识”；idea“思想、观点、想法”。

根据前后句意，D项恰当。

(4) C 此句译为“如今这种观点比Donne生活的时期更恰当”，故选when(当……
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(5) C move to“搬到……，移到……”；go to“到……，去……”；belong to“属于”；come to“共计，达到”。

根据句意“一个人属于某个社团”，应选C项。

(6) B whatever“无论什么”，作宾语从句中主语从句的主语。

本句的谓语动词是affects，因此happens应是主语从句的谓语动词，而it，something和anything均不能引导从句。

(7) B 根据上下文推知，报纸只发行了400年，故应属于现代社会，故选B项。

(8) B buy“买”；print“印刷，印制”；find“找到”；discover“发现”。

根据句意，应用过去分词printed作定语。

(9) D fast“快速地”，强调动作本身的速度；suddenly“突然地”；immediately“立即地、直接地”；soon“很快”。

(10) C thanks to“多亏……，由于……”。

其他三个选项均为动词，不能构成状语，本句中不缺少谓语动词。

(11) D 本段在讲报纸的出版、发行，故选D项。

deliver意为“投递”；make意为“制作”；sell意为“销售”。

(12) B “make it＋adj.＋to do”结构中it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语，make it possible to(do)“使……成为可能”。

clear“清楚的”，bright“明亮的”和successful“成功的”均与句意不符。

(13) B “影印不需要使用铅字”，故选B项。

want意为“想”；like意为“喜欢”；hope 则意为“希望”。

(14) C 此句用来举例，故选C项。

such as“例如”；including“包括”；besides“除了……外，还有”；except“除了……之外”。

(15) A advanced“先进的”；easy“容易的”；unusual“不寻常的”；suitable“合适的”。

A项符合句意。

(16) C 使用了先进的技术来出版报纸、杂志，必然会省钱，故选C项。

而make，earn和get均表示“挣钱”。

(17) B great distances“很远的距离”，places，cities和villages均表示地点，不符合句意。

(18) A 从上文推知，通过电视和卫星传输的是画面、图片，不是报纸、信件和话
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(19) D become“变得”；feel“觉得”；turn“变得”。

以上三项均不符合题意，故选D 项。

现在分词短语being light and small作原因状语。

(20) A where在此引导地点状语从句，there，which和because of不能引导地点状语从句。

三、书面表达
1. 请根据以下资料，使用5个规范的句子描述全部所给信息内容。

要求：用英语给“中国日报”写一篇简讯，内容连贯，语句准确，并包含如下要点：
(1) 姓名：刘进，年龄39岁，上海一家工厂的工程师。

(2) 1988年毕业于南京大学，后来留学日本东京大学(Tokyo University)，攻
读化学工程。

(chemical engineering)
(3) 1992年科研成果显著，获博士学位。

(4) 日本一家公司想用高薪聘用他，但他拒绝了。

(5) 为了报效祖国，他于1993年毅然(without any hesitation)回国。

2. 假如你是校报的一名记者，上周五在放学回家的路上，你目睹了一起同学之间发生冲突的事件。

请你用英语写一篇关于这一事件的报道。

要点如下：
(1) 冲突双方：Paul 和Timothy。

(2) 事情经过：Paul 用手推一下Timothy，Timothy 很生气并打了Paul，你上前劝阻。

(3) 事情真相：Paul 想向Timothy 示好，但是Timothy 误解了Paul，认为他是想挑衅自己。

(4) 专家说法：冲突的起因是误解。

(5) 个人感受：青少年应该学习一些社会技能……
注意：(1) 词数100左右。

(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：冲突conflict ；挑衅give offense
参考答案：
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一、
One possible version:
Mr. Liu Jin, aged 39, is working in a factory in Shanghai as a chemical engineer. After he graduated from Nanjing University in 1988, he was sent to Tokyo University to study the chemical engineering. Through his hard work for 4 years, he achieved remarkable result in scientific research and received a doctor’s degree in 1992. A Japanese company manager tried hard to invite him to work and promised to give him a good salary but he didn’t accept it. In 1993 he returned to China w ithout any hesitation and made up his mind to devote all his life to our country.
二、
Last Friday on the way home after school, a conflict broke out between Paul and Timothy. Paul gave Timothy a slight push, which made Timothy very angry and led to a beat on Paul. I went up to prevent them. Later I came to realize that Paul just wanted to be friendly to Timothy but Timothy mistook his behaviour for giving offense to him.
Experts say that many conflicts are caused by misunderstanding. As far as I am concerned，it is good for us to make friends with each other and it is necessary for us to learn some social skills.
14/ 14。