2019-2020学年江苏省奔牛高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年江苏省奔牛高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及
答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Try one of these amazing destinations on your next vacation.
Mallorca
On the popular Spanish island of Mallorca, farmhouse inns focus more on providing isolation and quietness than offering hands-on farming experiences. With millions of visitors staying on the beaches of Mallorca and the other Balearic Islands each summer, a little bit of isolation is a good thing for aloneness-seeking travelers. Mainly located in the hills of inland Mallorca, these inns range from rustic century-old farmhouses to luxury(奢侈的) villas with spas and swimming pools.
Hawaii
People who don't want to dig out their passport but still want their farm adventure can head to the island of Hawaii. The 50th state talks much about the well-developed farm tourism industry that can hold people with different interests. Agritourism choices range from visiting coffee plantations(种植园) in the Big Island's Kona region to exploring the plantations on Maui to staying on farms on the easily reachable island of Oahu. California
California is one ofthe best places in the U. S. to enjoy a farm-stay, thanks to the diversity of crops and farms. Small family farms and large farms offer a more hands-on approach to agritourism. Many of them teach small-scale farming techniques and even offer strategies for organic growing. The University of California system, one of the largest state-run higher education systems in the U.S., has a small-farm program that helps growers create agritourism businesses.
Philippine Islands
With diverse conditions on different islands, the Philippine Islands are ideal places for visiting multiple agritourism sites or focusing on one product. Tourists can visit a huge pineapple plantation for a taste of large-scale agriculture, or they could focus on smaller operations such as bee farms, and even small plantations that specialize in growing tropical produce such as dragon fruit.
1. What kind of people will choose to go to Mallorca?
A. Those who prefer peace of mind.
B. Those who like lying on the beach.
C. Those who enjoy the luxury of tourism.
D. Those who want to experience farming.
2. What can people do on the Philippine Islands?
A. Live in farmhouses.
B. Visit plantations.
C. Learn farming techniques.
D Take part in a farm program.
3. What are the four places in the text famous for?
A. Locations.
B. Environments.
C. Local products.
D. Tourism features.
B
In a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence, researchers at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence（AI）can follow clinical trials to identify drugs for repurposing, a solution that can help advance innovative treatments.
Repurposing drugs is legal and not unusual. When doctors prescribe(开处方)drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for purposes different from what is printed on the labels, the drugs are being used “off-label” Just because a drug is FDA-approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.
For example, Metformin, a drug that is FDA-approved for treating type 2 diabetes, is also used to treat PCOS(a disease of women), and other diseases. Trazodone, an anti-depressant with FDA-approval to treat depression, is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients with sleep issues.
The Ohio State University research team created an AI deep learning model for predicting treatment probability with patient data including the treatment, outcomes, and potential confounders(干扰因素).
Confounders are related to the exposure and outcome. For example, a connection is identified between music festivals and increases in skin rashes(红疹). Music festivals do not directly cause skin rashes. In this case, one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat, as music festivals tend to run outdoors
when the temperature is high, and heat is a known cause for rashes. When working with real-world data, confounders could number in the thousands. AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.
The researcher team used confounders including population data and co-prescribed drugs. With this proof-of-concept, now clinicians have a powerful AI tool to rapidly discover new treatments by repurposing existing medications.
4. What do we know about a drug used off-label?
A. It is sold without a label.
B. It is available at a low price.
C. Its uses extend beyond the original ones.
D. Its clinical trials are rejected by doctors.
5. Metformin and Trazodone are similar as both of them________.
A. are used off-label
B. treat rare diseases
C. result in sleep issues
D. are medical breakthroughs
6. What can be inferred about “confounders”?
A. They are possible treatments.
B. They are environmental factors.
C. They can be easily recognized in real-world data.
D. They should be taken into serious consideration.
7. What is the main idea of the text?
A. AI examines benefits of existing drugs.
B. AI identifies off-label uses for drugs.
C. AI finds new drugs for common diseases.
D. AI proves the power of drug research.
C
A satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential
solution.
The firm's End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smal “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser todock withit.
The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.
Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.
“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space - they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at AstroscaleUK.“This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth's atmosphere.
If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that could drag three or four out of orbit at once.
8. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "dock with" in Paragraph 2?
A. Deal with.
B. Keep up with.
C. Join together.
D. Crash.
9. Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites?
A. Because of the growing space waste problem.
B. Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.
C. Because they can earn large profits from it.
D. Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.
10. What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem?
A. An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite.
B. Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satellite.
C. Finding the "client "satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically.
D. Tumbling to match the motion of “client satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.
11. What can we infer from the passage?
A. People will bum the space junk up in Earth's atmosphere in the future.
B. Japan andRussiawill conduct space debris cleanup experiment together.
C. These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.
D. The demonstration mission will be divided into three phases.
D
After finishing his dinner, Lin Xu opened a WeChat mini-programcalled "Clear Plate" on his phone and took a picture of the empty plates. He was then awarded 157 credit points after the image was uploaded and recognized by artificial intelligence. The credit points can be used to buy gifts, such as books, cellphones and red wine, or to purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.
The "Clear Plate" mini-program has become popular among young Chinese. Similar campaigns like an "empty plate challenge" are alsoon the horizonin many Chinese universities.
"Technological innovation is a good way to reduce food waste," said Liu Jichen. Founder of the start-up that developed the app. The idea popped up at a dinner in 2017, when Liu found that the restaurant owner would give diners who polished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected. "Everyone who values food is bound to enjoy a sense of gain at a lower cost," Liu mentioned this case, noting that such an idea could potentially be realized online.
He formeda team to work on the project. Yet it was quite a challenge for the AI system to assess whether the uploaded photos showed empty plates. To make the AI system smarter，Liu and his team, assisted by more than 1, 000 others, spent half a year collecting over100,000 samples from canteens and restaurants across the country and analyzed the data. Dozens of enterprises, institutions and restaurants have contacted the start-up to cooperate on the project. Through the digitalized, visualized mini-program, people can clearly see the good results of saving food, which will effectively reduce food waste. "We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to develop the habit of thrift(节约)," Liu said.
12. What does the underlined phrase "on the horizon" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Likely to decrease.
B. Likely to succeed.
C. Likely to change.
D. Likely to appear.
13. What caused Liu Jichen to develop the "Clear Plate" app?
A. Food waste afterdinner.
B. The idea of the restaurant owner.
C. Small gifts sent by his friends.
D. Charity meals donated to children.
14. What was difficult for the project Liu's team worked on?
A. Making the AI system smarter.
B. Assessing the uploaded photos.
C. Collecting samples from canteens and restaurants.
D. Encouraging people to develop the habit of thrift.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. AI programs becoming popular.
B. AI programs appearing in many Chinese universities.
C. AI programs encouraging diners toclear their plates.
D. AI programs collecting pictures of clearing diners' plates.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Personal development doesn't just happen.___16___Self-development requires hard work, devotionand an ever-growing skill. So，what new skills do you need to power forward?
On your journey toward your best self, you need to set goals. The key is balance : If your goals are too high, you'll get discouraged when you fall short.___17___The better approach is to think in milestones. If you want to be a novelist, don't set a goal to finish a book in a week. Focus on getting a couple of pages done each day, or on writing a chapter each week. This measurable progress is more sustainable and fulfilling.
___18___To keep going when times are tough, you have to learn how to manage your stress levels. If light walks help you keep your head on straight, schedule one for your lunch period every day. If you need to take Sundays off to recharge for the next week, it's more than acceptable to do so.
Organization is a skill that comes more naturally to some people than others. If you're a naturally messy person, start small. Otherwise, you'll be at a loss.___19___Clean up your bedroom or your car. If physical cleaning is stressful, start by cutting out files from your computer. Believe it or not, one clean space can set the tone for the rest of your life.
On the road of personal development, you'll run into some barriers. Nobody but you can remove these from
your path.___20___Perhaps anxiety is keeping you from doing your best work. Instead of struggling through it, quietly take a mental health day.
A. Personal growth needs stress management.
B. Focus on the places where you spend the most time.
C. You can't expect to wake up the next day with new skills.
D. Don't let personal challenges stand in the way of your growth.
E. That's why problem solving is a vital skill for self-development.
F. You ly don't need to disclose why you're taking a sick day.
G. Start too small, and you'll become satisfied with your progress too early.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项High school students have a lot more power than they may realize.
Belscher____21____a dollar on the floor when having his English class. When the school day____22____, Belscher walked back to the classroom. He could easily have____23____it, for the wrinkled (皱巴巴的) bill was still there.____24____, he brought the old bill to his English teacher, —Mattison.
Mattison was a little____25____he’d turned; in the dollar, knowing a lot of people would have just kept it. She____26____that Belscher tape(d)it to the whiteboard, where she always puts____27____things.
A day or two later, the school shut down for Easter____28____. Neither the teacher nor her student thought twice about the dollar. After school, a boy named Tom spotted the dollar on the whiteboard. “There was a____29____to it.” Tom says. He asked Mattison why it was there. She replied, “I don’t know.” Then Tom_____30_____a second dollar.
The_____31_____of the two dollar bills side by side triggered (触发) something in Mattison’s students. They started asking about the_____32_____of the money, to which Mattison always gave the_____33_____answer: She didn’t know.
However, the students, among themselves, decided and understood Mattison had some good_____34_____final plan and goal. So, they wanted to be part of whatever this was. They_____35_____their savings and the amount continue to grow. As for the_____36_____dollar, the person who lost it never came looking.
That left Mattison to make the best decision. She thought of her brother-in-law, Jack Hains, who had died of ALS, a_____37_____and deadly disease. His sister died of the same_____38_____. Mattison asked the teens
whether they_____39_____if they donated (捐赠) the money. Their answer was that they definitely didn’t. Then, they_____40_____peeled (剥开) the cash off the board and made the donation to the ALS Institute established to find a cure for the disease.
21. A. hid B. lost C. noticed D. dropped
22. A. started B. ended C. arrived D. passed
23. A. discovered B. ignored C. pocketed D. accepted
24. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Meanwhile
25. A. excited B. surprised C. frightened D. interested
26. A. realized B. commanded C. recognized D. suggested
27. A. lost B. required C. selected D. damaged
28. A. break B. dinner C. meeting D. activity
29. A. signal B. response C. key D. mystery
30. A. earned B. taped C. missed D. recovered
31. A. sight B. discussion C. idea D. story
32. A. owner B. total C. power D. purpose
33. A. same B. brief C. secure D. different
34. A. unknown B. unchanged C. unspoken D. unexplored
35. A. added to B. broke up C. watched over D. dug into
36. A. former B. important C. valuable D. old
37. A. born B. rare C. common D. mild
38. A. operation B. treatment C. accident D. condition
39. A. wondered B. minded C. agreed D. regretted
40. A. sadly B. calmly C. carefully D. skillfully
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Do you feel a little weak today? If so, put on a game face. Game face is a look of great determination on the face of a game player.
Game face is a kind of___41.___(face) expression, which can positively influence personal deternination in overcoming chanlleges. But there was little scientific evidence___42.___(prove) game face really helped people handle physical or mental challengs.
So expert Richesin and several___43.___(colleague) did some research. They designed two tests, both of___44.___were simple to carry out.. For the first, they asked 62 people to put hands in ice-cold water for a few minutes. The second experiment required participants to figure out___45.___puzzle.
For each experiment, the participants___46.___(divide) in half. One group was told to keep their expressions serious and determined. The other group was permitted___47.___(let) their faces do whatever their faces felt like doing in the momnet.
What was the result? The crowd___48.___serious and determined exprssions, not only performed, on average, about 20%___49.___(good), but also recovered from stress more effectively.
“Our study shows making a game face indeed has the potential for improving performance. So go ahead and try one on,” Richesin said in a___50.___(conclude).
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When I was in junior high school, most of my friend had bicycles. I hoped I could have one. So I started thinking about what to achieve the goal. A new bike was too expensive for me. So I decided to buy a using bike. The next thing I had to do is collect money. Soon my father knew my plan or he was willing to give us the money. However, I would rather to buy a bike on my own. From now on, I went to school on foot instead by bus to save money. Half a year later, I had my own bike! Now I feel proudly to ride my bike to school every day.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，你的美国笔友David准备组织一个“人文中国”(Cultural China)的活动，写信向你求助。

请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.推荐中国书法艺术；
2.提供活动建议。

参考词汇:书法calligraphy
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C
16. C 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
21. C 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C
41. facial
42. proving
43. colleagues
44. which 45. a
46. were divided
47. to let 48. with
49. better 50. conclusion
51.(1). friend → friends
(2).what → how
(3).using → used
(4).is → was
(5).or → and
(6).us → me
(7).去掉rather后的to
(8).now→ then
(9).instead后加of
(10).proudly→ proud
52.略。