2021年上海市奉贤中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案

2021年上海市奉贤中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
When the sun shines brightly, it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done. Like making hay! At least, that is what farmers from the past would say. ―Make hay while the sun shines.This idiom is very old, dating back to Medieval times. Rain would often ruin the process of making hay. So, farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.
Today, we all use this expression, not just farmers. When conditions are perfect to get something done, we can say, ―It’s a good idea to make hay while the sun shines.In other words, you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions. You are making the most of your opportunities. These all mean ―making hay while the sun shines.
And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch, or we got ahead of someone else. And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts. You are being opportunistic – taking advantage of a good opportunity. For example, my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work. So, his co-worker Sarah -- who doesn’t like him -- took advantage of his illness and stole his project! Talk about making hay while the sun shines.
Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem – like in this example:
Hey, do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend? The weather is going to be beautiful! I wish I could. But I have to finish my taxes. It’s the last weekend before they’re due.
Oh, that’s too bad.
Wait. What about your taxes?
My taxes are done. I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined. I got all of it done!
I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last week___1___All I did was lay around thehouse.
And that’s all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories. But join us again next week. You can listen while you’re making dinner or riding to work. Yeah, make hay while the sun shines.
1.Which of the following best matches ―make hay whilethe sun shines in paragraph 2?
A.Sow nothing, reap nothing.
B.Sharp tools make good work.
C.Strike while the iron is hot.
D.One swallow doesn’t make a summer.
2.According to the underlined sentence, what feeling does the speaker express?
A.Admirable
B.Regretful
C.Annoyed
D.Indifferent
3.Where is the passage probably taken from?
A.A radio program
B.A magazine
C.A brochure
D.A novel
B
At Aizo Chuo Hospital in Japan, employees greet newcomers, guide patients to and from the surgery area, and print out maps of the hospital for confused visitors. They don’t take lunch breaks or even get paid. Why? They’re robots!
Robots have long worked in factories, helping to build cars and electronic appliances. But today’s robots don’t just do the jobs of people－they actually look and act a lot like people.
Kansei, arobot from Japan, has a plastic face covering 19 movable parts. The robot can make 36 facial expressions in response to different words. Kansei shakes in fear at the word “war” and smiles when it hears the word “dinner”.
Researchers in Europe are going even further with iCub, a “baby” robot. They are teaching it to speak and hold conversations.
The ability to interact is crucial for robots that will one day work closely with humans says robotics professor ChrisAtkeson. “ This will require robots to understand what you say and how you are feeling and respond with appropriate emotions, ” he told WR News.
Japanese scientist Minoru Asada agrees. He is building a robot called CB2 that acts like a real baby. “ Right now, it only goes, ̒Ah, ah. ̓But as we develop its learning function, it will start saying more complex sentences and moving on its own, ” Asada says. “ Next-generation robots need to be able to learn and develop by themselves.”
Intelligent robot will become more important in the future, as populations age and the number of human workers declines in many countries. “ We’re going to have many more old people and not enough young people to care for them,” says robot researcher Matthew Mason. “ Technology can help the old people live at home longer, instead of going to nursing homes.”
4. According to the passage, what jobs have robots already performed?
A. Giving advice, answering customer questions and planning events.
B. Producing factory goods, building cars and greeting customers.
C. Greeting customers, producing factory goods and performing surgery.
D. Building cars, driving passengers and providing directions.
5. The second paragraph in this passage is mainly about?
A. To explain how a robot works.
B. To define what a robot is.
C. To describe the functions of modern robots.
D. To predict the future uses of robots.
6. How does the Kansei robot react on the word “fire”?
A. Use languages to warn nearby humans.
B Back up its memory files.
C. Activate an automatic fire alarm.
D. Produce a worried look on his face.
7. In Asada’s opinion, the next step for robots will be to develop_______.
A. the ability to learn independently
B. the ability to understand human commands
C. the capacity to interact with humans
D. the willingness to work together
C
Imaginary friends in childhood refer to the invisible beings that a child gives a personality to and plays with for over three months.
Crabbycrab（蟹）appeared on a holiday in Norway by running out of my four-year-old son Fisher's ear after a night of tears from an earache. Like other childhood imaginary friends, Crabby should be a sign thatFisher's mind is growing and developing positively. Indeed, research shows that imaginary friends can help develop children's social skills.
Research has shown that the positive effects of having imaginary friends as a child continue into adulthood. Adolescents who remember their imaginary playmates have been found to use more activecoping（应对）styles, such as seeking advice from loved ones rather than bottle things up inside. Even adolescents with behavioral
problems who had imaginary friends as children have been found to have better coping skills through the teenage years.
Scientists thinkthis could be because these teens have been able to adjust themselves to the social world with imagination rather than choose to be involved in relationships with more difficult classmates. It could also be because the imaginary friends help to reduce these adolescents,loneliness.
These teens are also more likely to seek out social connections -they tend to turn to others for advice. Current research by Tori Watson is taking this evidence and looking at how adolescents who have imaginary friends as children deal withbullying（欺凌）at school. It is found that teens who remember their imaginary friends are better at dealing with bullying.
While we know a lot about childhood imaginary friends such as Crabby Crab and the positive effects they can have, there is still a lot to learn about imaginary friends.
8. What is Crabby crab?
A. It is a crab Fisher caught inNorway.
B. It is Fisher's imaginary friend.
C. It is a toy Fisher like much.
D. It is a cause of earache.
9. Why do children with imaginary friends have better coping skills?
A. Imaginary friends help improve their adjustment.
B. Having imaginary friends makes them smarter.
C. They have rich imagination.
D. They are no longer alone.
10. What will a child with imaginary friends probably do if he is bullied?
A. Escape from the bully.
B. Fight with the bully bravely.
C. Keep silent about being bullied.
D. Ask a parent or a teacher for help.
11. What is the author's attitude towards the effect of imaginary friends?
A. Concerned.
B. Doubtful.
C. Optimistic.
D. Indifferent.
D
Concrete is the world's most consumed material after water. Because it already surrounds us in the built environment, researchers have been exploring the idea of using concrete to store electricity—turning buildings into giant batteries. The idea has been gaining ground as we have come to increasingly rely on renewable energy from the wind and sun: rechargeable batteries are necessary when the breeze dies down or darkness falls.
Experimental concrete batteries have only managed to hold a small part of what a traditional battery does. But one team now reports in Buildings that it has developed a rechargeable original model that could represent a more than 900 percent increase in stored charge, compared with earlier attempts.
A live-in concrete battery might sound unlikely. Still, "you can make a battery out of a potato," notes Aimee Byrne. In a future where sustainability is key, she likes the idea of buildings that avoid waste by providing shelter and powering electronics.
Although the new design stores more than 10 times as much power as earlier attempts, it still has a long way to go: 200 square meters of it "can provide about 8 percent of the daily electricity consumption" of a typical U.S. home, Zhang says.
This is not enough to compete with today's rechargeable devices. "We're getting milliamps (毫安) out of concrete batteries—we're not getting amps (安培), "Byrne says." We're getting hours as opposed to days of charge." But she adds that" concrete batteries are completely in their childhood, compared to other battery designs." The earliest batteries were simple andbulky. Researchers experimented with new materials and designs for more than a century to develop today's small devices. Byrne suggests concrete-based energy storage could undergo a similar evolution. "The whole idea is that we're looking far into the future," she says. "We're playing the long game with it."
12. What can we learn about the concrete batteries?
A. They become increasingly renewable.
B. They are the most consumed batteries.
C. They are being developed by researchers.
D. They will replace energy from the wind and sun.
13. Why does Byrne mention a battery out of a potato?
A. To show it is easy to build concrete batteries.
B. To argue it is possible to develop concrete batteries.
C. To make her statement more interesting.
D. To call on people to protect the environment.
14. What does the underlined word "bulky" in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Heavy
B. Cheap
C. Efficient
D. Small.
15. What doesByrne think of concrete batteries?
A. They beat today's rechargeable devices.
B. They are simple and bulky.
C. They have a doubtful future.
D. They have a long way to go.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项According to the CDC, insufficient sleep is a public health problem, with over a third of adult sin theU.S.getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours per night.______16______
Your brain doesn’t work as well.
When you don’t get adequate sleep, it takes a toll on your brain to function. “MRI imaging shows lack of sleep reduces blood flow to areas of the brain that control higher level thought processes.“ says Richard Shane, a behavioral sleep specialist. ”It impairs your problem-solving abilities, and decreases constructive thinking skills and logical reasoning.”
_____17_____
You’ve probably noticed that you wake up “on the wrong side of the bed” if you haven't got enough shut-eye.“ Sleep deprivation affects mood” Breus says. “It makes you see everything in a more negative light because your emotions are more volatile when sleep deprived.”
Your heart could suffer.
____18____But what happens is that every system in your body is affected, causing long-term effects on your cardiovascular health, including your risk for high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke.
Your skin looks haggard.
Turns out, “beauty sleep” is a real thing, studies show.____19____ Research has shown that people who lack sleep are considered less attractive.
You gain weight.
Dr. Shah says two specific hormones that regulate eating behavior are affected. Ghrelin, which increases appetite, is high in people with sleep deprivation._____20_____
In order to get better sleep, experts recommend going to bed and waking up at the same time every day exercising earlier in the day, getting 15 minutes of sunlight to set your body clock, avoiding screen time before bed, and keeping your bedroom dark.
A. You become forgetful.
B. You feel annoyed or burst into anger easily.
C. Your heart may suffer if you often sleep little in the long term.
D. The following are the harms of lack of sleep that you should know.
E. You may think the only effect of sleep deprivation is that you’re really tired.
F. On the other hand, levels of leptin, which lowers appetite, is low in sleep-deprived people.
G. Sleep plays an important role in the generation of cells, which is important for healing and in skin problems.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项My grandmother stayed in the nursing home for five years.___21___all of the elders that I got to spend time with there, I couldn't___22___what it was been like for them without any visitors at all. I felt it was so___23___, of course.
That day, Isaw an old___24___alone on a bench, in the front entrance hall of the nursing home. Earlier he had been trying to___25___Jean with one leg, from his wheelchair. Jean is a woman who had cerebral palsy (中风) and couldn't___26___alone in her wheelchair.
I asked if they would mind my pushing Jean the rest of the___27___. Jean said, “Yes, please!" The old man smiled and said, “Thank you.” Then I praised him for his___28___and pushed Jean back to her___29___down the hall.
Now, this same man was____30____on the bench and as I got closer, he____31____me and smiled. I realized he had only one leg which was dry and a little dirty. Maybe because of the____32____, he was scratching (挠) the leg____33____. I had a cream (药膏) in my bag that seemed to do good to his____34____skin. So I handed the cream to him.
He couldn't speak English but spoke to me in his____35____language and tears started to come down his face. I____36____histears with a towel, He kept____37____and looking at me____38____I understood. I didn't really understand, but I listened and nodded.
We didn't____39____each other and aren't blood-related but, at that moment, we shared a____40____that went beyond blood, heart to heart. When I see him again, he may not remember me but I will remember him.
21. A. Dealing with B. Thinking about C. Turning to D. Searching for
22. A. imagine B. appreciate C. remember D. determine
23. A. useless B. secure C. sad D. reliable
24. A. nurse B. doctor C. man D. partner
25. A. harm B. calm C. entertain D. push
26. A. settle B. move C. escape D. explore
27. A. block B. yard C. street D. way
28. A. tip B. kindness C. invitation D. identity
29. A. room B. station C. office D. nation
30. A. alone B. frightened C. active D. dusty
31. A. changed B. disliked C. rescued D. recognized
32. A. dirt B. steam C. loss D. type
33. A. happily B. responsibly C. continuously D. universally
34. A. face B. hand C. leg D. head
35. A. poor B. native C. foolish D. selfish
36. A. mixed B. stopped C. hid D. wiped
37. A. debating B. talking C. bargaining D. laughing
38. A. even though B. in case C. as if D. ever since
39. A. know B. affect C. beat D. admit
40. A. medal B. disadvantage C. suffering D. connection
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The unbearable winter coldness couldn't stop their steps. With_____41._____(curious) and excitement, villagers at the foot of Mount Qomolangma hurry up to open their parcels at a delivery office. At an altitude of 4119 meters, this is the world's_____42._____(high) delivery service station._____43._____(locate) in the town of Tashi Dzom in Tibet, the delivery office_____44._____(found) in 2016. Before that, local people had to spend around four hours to collect parcels from the county seat. But the delivery office brings great_____45._____(convenient) and therefore encourages more people to order online. According to Yang Tao,_____46._____is a worker at the delivery office, the office handled only 17 parcels in its first month. But thanks_____47._____the fast-growing industry, the number has grown steadily to_____48._____average of 200 per month. Not only has the number of parcels increased,_____49._____also the items being delivered have become richer in variety. Though people in China's eastern regions may take______50.______for granted, the delivery office indeed makes a difference to the local people.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week, a group of international student visited our school. To help them better understanding Chinese tea culture, we took them to the tea room, where I introduced tea culture, including its history, its rich variety, or the craftsmanship of making tea.
Then I showed them how to make tea. I slowly explain the traditional procedures of making tea in detail. Absorb in every move of mine, they were both amazed. They couldn't help to taking pictures from time to time. Next came the moment which I asked them to have try themselves. I was filled with proud to spread our own culture to people all over the world.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的好友Jimmy报名了校书法俱乐部，但因人数已满而未成功，请给他写一封邮件，内容要点如下：
1.告知报名未成功；
2.推荐其他俱乐部。

注意:1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. D 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. F
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D 32.
A 33. C 34. C 35.
B 36. D 37. B 38.
C 39. A 40. D
41. curiosity
42. highest
43. Located
44. was founded
45. convenience
46. who 47. to
48. an 49. but
50. it
51.(1).student→students
(2).understanding→understand
(3).or→and
(4).explain→explained
(5).Absorb→Absorbed
(6).both→all
(7).删除to
(8).which→when
(9).have后添加a
(10).proud→pride
52.略。