2021_2022学年新教材高中英语单元素养培优一Unit1Anewstart练习含解析外研版必修第

单元素养培优(一) Unit 1
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I’m curious(好奇的) to see what’s going to happen on the political scene.
2. We still keep the tradition of exchanging (交换) gifts at Christmas.
3. Those activities were organised (组织)by our school, which really provided us with much pleasure.
4. Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest challenges(挑战) faced by scientists today.
5. I was under pressure(压力) from my parents to bee a teacher.
6. I feel much more confident(有信心的) about myself and my abilities these days.
7. I was frightened(害怕的) of being left by myself in the house.
8. I had such a tight schedule that I had no time to write a travel journal (日记).
9. When I was admitted to the university, my family congratulated me on my excellent performance(表现).
10. He spent much of his life exploring (探索) the wildlife.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
1. Jimmy has made great progress in all subjects this term, chemistry in particular.
2. Whenever we e across new words, we may refer to the dictionary.
3. The war was ended and we looked forward to the dawn of much happier days.
4. We foster and encourage employees to go all out to work for customers.
5. Students are required to go to work in poor mountain areas after graduating from university.
6. Tina tried to ignore the danger, and did her best to keep calm.
7. He turned around, and I recognized him as a former classmate.
8. We must look into these matters one by one.
9. Suddenly, a rabbit in panic fled out by the road, obviously, it has been injured.
10. People experience differences in physical and mental capability depending on the time of day.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. He must have started writing this book a long time ago.
他一定很久以前就开始写这本书了。

2. Are you free after school? If so, let’s go out for a meal.
你放学后有空吗? 如果有的话, 我们出去吃饭吧。

3. I was doing my homework when the phone rang.
我正在写作业, 突然响了。

4. I was too shy to talk to anyone.
我太腼腆了, 以至于不能和别人讲话。

5. You shouldn’t speak with your mouth full.
你不应该满嘴巴食物的时候说话。

Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·某某高一检测)
English Schools
There’s no substitute for taking an English course in a high quality language school in an English-speaking country. Esl-loungeStudent has partnered with some of the best language schools in the UK. Choose a school from below. We can offer discounts on English courses!
Burlington School, London
Burlington School is located in Parsons Green, 15 minutes by underground from the centre of London. Our standard of teaching is high, with courses in General and Specialist English. The coffee bar is open all day serving freshly-cooked meals, and the school organises a range of social activities to plement (补充) the classes. Students live either in homestays or in one of our hostels.
See Burlington School courses and save 10%.
University of Liverpool, English Language Centre
You can have confidence in the University of Liverpool, which is ranked in the top 1% of higher education institutions worldwide. While studying here, you will benefit from modern and dynamic English teaching methods in small classes of fewer than 16 students.
See University of Liverpool courses and save 12%.
Interactive English School, Brighton
We are a small friendly school. Being a small school means we can cater for your individual needs more easily than larger schools. All of our teachers are native
speakers, qualified and experienced. Our prices are very affordable and start from ￡60 per week for full-time courses of 20 lessons.
See Interactive English School courses and save 7%.
New School of English, Cambridge
The New School of English is located in the beautiful city of Cambridge. The school is open all year and provides a range of English language courses for adults from all over the world (minimum age 16). These courses cover General English as well as courses for professionals looking to focus on specific topic areas. They have a range of acmodation choices for students.
See New School of English courses and save 5%.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。

文章以广告的形式介绍了英国四所语言学校的相关信息。

1. What can we know about Burlington School?
A. It is open all year.
B. It is located in London.
C. It provides no acmodation.
D. It offers no social practice classes.
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

由第二段中的“Burlington School is located in Parsons Green, 15 minutes by underground from the centre of London. 〞可知Burlington School位于伦敦。

应当选B项。

2. Which school offers the biggest discounts?
A. Burlington School.
B. New School of English.
C. University of Liverpool.
D. Interactive English School.
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

由第三段中的“See Burlington School courses and save 10%〞, 第五段“See University of Liverpool courses and save 12%〞, 第七段中的“See Interactive English School courses and save 7%〞和最后一段“See New School of English courses and save 5%〞, 可知University of Liverpool折扣最大。

应当选C项。

3. How is New School of English different from the others?
A. It sets a strict age limit.
B. Its acmodation is optional.
C. Its teachers are qualified and experienced.
D. It offers General and Specialist English courses.
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

由倒数第二段中的“The school is open all year and provides
a range of English language courses for adults from all over the world (minimum age
16). 〞(学校全年开放, 为来自世界各地的成人(最低16岁)提供一系列英语语言课程。

)可知只有年满16岁才可以进入New School of English学习, 其他学校没有提到关于年龄方面的限制。

应当选A项。

B
(2021·某某高一检测) Many parents set rules for their children’s online activity, such as limiting (限制) the amount of time they can spend online. But some children in the US and UK are saying that they’d like to make rules for parents, too. Their main plaint? That their parents share too many photos of them online.
In a 2016 study, it was found that parents in the US share an average of 116 photos of their kids after they are born. Most were taken before the child turned 8 years old. Many of the photos showed kids in embarrassing situations, like having food all over their faces, Quartz reported.
Parents do like to share their child’s progress as he or she grows up. But their kids don’t like it as much. In a survey of UK children between the ages of 12 and 16, 70 percent said they felt their parents didn’t respect their online privacy (隐私), according to DigitalParenting magazine.
In addition, many kids said that other students at school sometimes pick on (捉弄) them after their parents post photos online, CBS News noted. In one case, a girl was bullied (欺负) by boys at school after they found her mom’s blogs, which had many family photos.
“Each time a photo or video is uploaded, it creates a digital footprint of a child, which can follow them into adult life, 〞a spokeswoman for a leading children’s charity in the UK said. “It’s always important to ask children for their permission (允许) before posting photos or videos of them. 〞
What is sharenting?
There’s a new English word to describe it when parents post pictures of their kids online—“sharenting〞, or a bination of the word “share〞and “parenting〞. 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。

本文主要讲述了一种社会现象, 在英美国家, 许多家长在未经孩子允许的情况下, 将孩子的照片上传到网络, 这给孩子的生活尤其是学校生活带来了负面影响。

专家认为在发布孩子的照片或视频之前, 征求他们的同意是很重要的。

4. According to the first paragraph, what do kids in the US and UK plain about?
A. Their parents setting rules for their online activity.
B. Their parents limiting the amount of time they spend online.
C. Their parents posting too many photos of them online.
D. Their parents setting high expectations for their schoolwork.
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据第一段“But some children in the US and UK are saying that they’d like to make rules for parents, too. Their main plaint? That their parents share too many photos of them online. 〞可知, 美国和英国的孩子主要抱怨的是他们的父母在网络上上传了太多他们的照片。

应当选C项。

5. About 70 percent of UK teenagers think their parents ______.
A. care too much about their progress in school
B. forget to set good examples for them
C. don’t care enough about their online safety
D. don’t respect their online privacy
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据第三段“In a survey of UK children between the ages of 12 and 16, 70 percent said they felt their parents didn’t respect their online privacy, according to DigitalParenting magazine. 〞可知, 大约70%的英国的青少年认为他们的父母不尊重他们的网络隐私。

应当选D项。

6. What do we know from the story?
A. Parents should ask kids for permission before sharing their photos.
B. UK kids don’t mind that their photos are shared by their parents.
C. Sharing photos online helps kids live a better adult life.
D. Kids don’t get bullied at school when their photos are shared online.
【解析】选A。

推理判断题。

根据文章大意, 再结合文章第五段“It’s always important to ask children for their permission before posting photos or videos of them. 〞得知父母在网络上分享孩子的照片之前应该先征求孩子们的同意。

应当选A项。

7. You might see this article from the ______column in the newspaper.
A. Nature Today
B. All about Space
C. Philosophy for Life
D. Society and Culture
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

本文主要讲述了一种社会现象, 在英美国家, 许多家长在未经孩子允许的情况下将孩子的照片上传到网络, 这给孩子的生活尤其是学校生活带来了负面影响。

专家认为在发布孩子的照片或视频之前, 征求他们的同意是很重要的。

文章阐述的是一种社会现象。

应当选D项。

C
(2021·某某高一检测) After an absence of thirty years, I decided to visit my old school again. I had expected to find changes, but not a pletely different building. As I walked up the school drive, I wondered for a moment if I had e to the right address. The dirty red brick houses had been swept away. In its place stood a bright, modern block. A huge expanse of glass extended across the face of the building, and in front, there was a well-kept lawn where there used to be “an untidy gravel yard〞.
I was pleased to find that it was bread time and that the children were all in the playground. This would enable me to meet some members of staff. On entering the building, I was surprised to hear loud laughter ing from what appeared to be the masters’mon room. I could not help remembering the teachers in my time, all dressed in black gowns and high collars. And above all, I recalled Mr Garston whom we had nicknamed “Mr Ghastly〞, the headmaster who had iron discipline on staff and pupils alike. I knocked at the mon room door and was weled by a smiling young man who introduced himself to me as the headmaster. He was dressed casually in a sports jacket, and his cheerful manner, quickly dispelled (驱散) the image of Mr Ghastly. After I had explained who I was, the headmaster presented me to the teachers all of whom were a little younger than himself, and said he would take me round the school.
Here the biggest surprise of all was in store for me. Gone were the heavy desks of old with their deeply carved names; gone too, were the dark classrooms with their ink stained, dark brown walls, and their raised platforms for the teachers. The rooms now were painted in bright colors, and the children, far from sitting straight in their places, seemed almost free to do as they liked. I looked with envy as I remembered how, as a child, I had looked at the blackboard hardly daring to whisper to my neighbor.
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。

文章讲述了作者重新回到以前的学校, 发现学校发生了很多的变化, 和记忆中的完全不一样了。

8. The writer ______.
A. had no difficulty in recognizing his old school
B. found it difficult to recognize his old school
C. noticed that the building was still unfinished
D. was surprised to see an untidy gravel yard
【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的After an absence of thirty years, I decided to visit my old school again. I had expected to find changes, but not a pletely different building. 可知, 作者预期到学校会有一些变化, 结果发现学校完全变了一个样子。

应当选B。

9. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. He had expected that the school had pletely changed.
B. In the writer’s time, all the teachers were dressed in black gowns and high collars.
C. There was a well-kept lawn in their school when he visited it.
D. An untidy gravel yard had disappeared.
【解析】选A。

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的A huge expanse of glass extended across the face of the building, and in front, there was a well-kept lawn where there used to be “an untidy gravel yard〞. 可知, 新的草坪代替了以前的脏的碎石院, 由此可知, C项和D项正确。

根据第二段中的I could not help remembering the teachers in my time, all dressed in black gowns and high collars. 可知, 作者那个时代, 教师们都穿着高领子的黑色长袍, 故B项正确。

再根据第一段中的I had expected to find changes, but not a pletely different building. 可知, 作者想到学校会有变化, 但是没有想到学校完全变成另一个样子, 故A项陈述与原文意思不符。

应当选A。

10. “Mr Ghastly〞must be ______.
A. the writer’s teacher
B. a serious old man
C. the strict headmaster
D. a naughty boy
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据第二段中的And above all, I recalled Mr Garston whom we had nicknamed “Mr Ghastly〞, the headmaster who had iron discipline on staff and pupils alike. 可知, Mr Garstly对待员工和学生都有严格的纪律, 因此他是一位严格的校长。

应当选C。

11. From what is said in the passage it seems clear the writer ______.
A. disapproved of all the changes that had taken place
B. felt sorry for the children in the school
C. was glad that the school was still the same
D. felt that conditions at the school had improved a lot
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

结合最后一段对学校变化的描述Here the biggest surprise of all was in store for me. . . The rooms now were painted in bright colors, and the children, far from sitting straight in their places, seemed almost free to do as they liked. 可推知, 和以前相比, 学校现在的条件提高了很多。

应当选D。

Ⅴ. 阅读填句
(2021·某某高一检测) Studying longer does not necessarily mean studying better. 1 Below are some great ways of learning as much as you can without getting too stressed.
Find the right place to study.
The first thing you need to do is avoid distractions (分散注意力的事物) while studying. 2 You should keep away from television sets and phone calls. Get all of your study materials together, so you will not be interrupted in the middle of your session.
Break down the tasks into smaller parts.
When you have gotten everything ready, list the items you need to study, and arrange them across several hours or days, depending on how big your load is. As a general rule, assign (分配) at least one hour to each subject. 3 By doing this, you will be able to know more easily how long you need for each topic.
Schedule study breaks.
When you have listed all of your tasks and made a schedule, you should arrange study breaks. 4 This will give your eyes some time to rest, and yourself a chance to go to the bathroom or have some coffee. Scheduled breaks will reduce the need for you to interrupt yourself to the lowest level during the study session.
Put your tasks in order of importance.
5 Just in case you run out of time to study, or if you think you do not have enough time to cover all topics, you should study in an order.
A. Each break may take about 15 minutes every two hours.
B. Learn to arrange the subjects in order of importance.
C. This means going to one place that will give you peace and quiet.
D. The key to efficient studying is following the schedule strictly.
E. You can find a way to test your knowledge by having a study partner.
F. If you have a broad subject, you will need to break it down into smaller parts.
G. To make the best use of your time, you need to learn how to study efficiently(高效地).
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了如何高效学习的几点建议。

1. 【解析】选G。

根据本空前的“Studying longer does not necessarily mean studying better. 〞可知, 学习时间长并不意味着学得更好, 下文又介绍了高效学习的几点建议, 此处需要与“高效学习〞与“时间〞有关的过渡句。

应当选G项。

2. 【解析】选C。

根据本空前的“The first thing you need to do is avoid distractions while studying. 〞可知, 你需要做的第一件事就是避开学习时分散注意力的事物, 结合本段小标题可知, 此处应讲正确的学习地点会带来的影响。

应当选C项。

3. 【解析】选F。

根据本空前的“As a general rule, assign at least one hour to each subject. 〞与空后“By doing this. . . each topic. 〞可知, 此处是讲根据科目合理安排学习时间, F项对此作进一步说明, 切题, 应当选F项。

4. 【解析】选A。

根据本空前的“you should arrange study breaks. 〞与本段小标题可知, 此处应讲具体怎样安排学习时的休息时间, 且选项中只有A项涉与“break〞, 应当选A项。

5. 【解析】选B。

根据本段小标题与本空后的“Just in case you run out of time to study, or if you think you do not have enough time to cover all topics, you should study in an order. 〞可知, 此段讲按照重要程度有序安排学习任务, 应当选B项。

Ⅵ. 完形填空
(2021·某某高一检测) Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches puter science in a school. It is a normal school except for the fact that it didn’t have 1 .
Owura became famous after he posted photos of him on the Internet. In the picture, people could see he was teaching his students by 2 an entire puter on the blackboard. The photos showed the 3 level of education for children in Ghana. People were 4 that Owura made sure each button was drawn correctly.
He would e to school half an hour ahead of 5 every day. He drew the puter on the blackboard, but at the end of his class, it was 6 off to start the next class, so he had to 7 it the next day!
Owura’s efforts 8 when Microsoft (微软公司) took 9 of his act. They first took him to an international educators’meeting in Singapore. He made a 10 about his teaching methods at the meeting and 11 a standing ovation (致敬) after the speech.
12 , Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some panies
13 puters to the school. Not a single child in the school had seen a real puter in their lives. Thanks to their teacher’s 14 , the world took notice and responded with 15 to them.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。

作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了经过Owura教师的努力, 全世界都注意到了这个学校, 成功帮到了这些孩子。

1. A. classrooms B. puters
C. playgrounds
D. tools
【解析】选B。

根据下文的“he was teaching his students by ______an entire puter on the blackboard. 〞可知这所学校没有电脑。

应当选B。

2. A. operatingB. repairing
C. describing
D. drawing
【解析】选D。

根据下文的“He drew the puter on the blackboard〞可知, 此处用draw 符合语境。

下文draw是原词复现。

应当选D。

3. A. poor B. clear C. ancient D. lucky
【解析】选A。

结合上文教师在黑板上画电脑可知, 加纳的教育水平很差。

应当选A。

4. A. worriedB. disappointed
C. afraid
D. surprised
【解析】选D。

结合常识可知, 电脑和键盘上有很多按键, 他都画正确了, 这是让人吃惊的地方。

应当选D。

5. A. lineB. culture
C. schedule
D. school
【解析】选C。

根据下文的“He drew the puter on the blackboard〞可知, 他要把电脑画在黑板上, 由此推知他要比上课时间早到。

应当选C。

6. A. rubbedB. calledC. cutD. shown
【解析】选A。

根据下文的“to start the next class〞可知, 为了开始下一堂课, 画的电脑必须被擦掉。

应当选A。

7. A. stressB. improve
C. ruin
D. repeat
【解析】选D。

根据常识可知, 上课要用到画的电脑, 而其他课开始之前又必须擦掉, 所以他只能第二天重复画一次。

应当选D。

8. A. broke outB. paid off
C. came back
D. held back
【解析】选B。

根据下文的“They first took him to an international educators’meeting in Singapore. 〞和“some panies ______puters to the school. 〞可知, 不仅微软公司邀请他去新加坡参加一个新加坡国际教育家会议, 而且还有公司给学校送来了电脑, 即他的努力得到了回报。

应当选B。

9. A. careB. chargeC. placeD. notice
【解析】选D。

根据下文的“They first took him to an international educators’meeting in Singapore. 〞可知, 微软公司邀请他去新加坡参加一个新加坡国际教育家会议, 由此推知该公司注意到了他, take notice of “注意到〞。

应当选D。

10. A. planB. speechC. decisionD. medal
【解析】选B。

根据下文的“after the speech. 〞可知, 此处用speech“发言〞符合语境, speech是原词复现。

应当选B。

11. A. madeB. waited
C. received
D. carried
【解析】选C。

结合整篇语境和下文的“a standing ovation〞可知, 他的发言受到了大家的肯定和致敬。

应当选C。

12. A. SuddenlyB. Importantly
C. Hopelessly
D. Strangely
【解析】选B。

结合上下文可知, 比起发言受到大家的肯定, 对于他来说, 重要的是有人给学校捐赠了电脑。

应当选B。

13. A. lentB. soldC. donatedD. applied
【解析】选C。

结合上下文可知, 此处是指一些公司在了解到他所在学校的困境后, 主动捐赠电脑给该学校。

应当选C。

14. A. effortsB. painsC. humorD. doubt
【解析】选A。

上文所讲述的Owura在黑板上画电脑教孩子们, 以与去发表讲话, 都是他的努力。

且上文的“Owura’s efforts ______when Microsoft took ______of his act. 〞也有提示, effort是原词复现。

应当选A。

15. A. wisdomB. honesty
C. kindness
D. pride
【解析】选C。

根据上文的“some panies ______puters to the school. 〞可知, 一些公司给学校捐赠了电脑, 这是他们的善意。

应当选C。

Ⅶ. 语法填空
Learning 1. __________ new language is not easy, but a Chinese in Washington D.
C. says he knows how to make it less 2. __________(difficulty). Li Lei teaching Chinese to children says, “The magic key to 3. __________(teach) a language is culture. 〞Li came to Washington through the State Department’s Teachers of Critical Language Program, which brings teachers from China and Egypt to America. One of the goals of the program is 4. __________(help) American students learn Chinese and Arabic.
The program helps the teachers and students learn about the 5. __________(culture) of other countries. Li says learning languages helps students learn 6. __________(much) about the world.
Spanish is the native language of many of Li’s students at Cooke Elementary School, so many of 7. __________(they) are learning English and Chinese at the same time.
Li 8. __________(explore) the local Chinese munity and many other cultures in Washington so far. He says the children at the school, some of 9. __________ are as young as five years old, might not remember all of the Chinese characters he teaches them, and that they might even forget his name. And he hopes that they will always remember him 10. __________ a teacher they like and respect.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

一名中国人通过“关键语言教师项目〞来到华盛顿, 教授孩子们学习汉语。

文中陈述了他对语言学习的看法和感悟。

1. 【解析】a。

考查冠词。

此处指“学习一门新语言〞, 表示泛指, 应填不定冠词, new发音是以辅音音素开头, 故填a。

2. 【解析】difficult。

考查词性转换。

make在此是使役动词, “make+宾语+形容词〞是固定结构, 表示泛指, 故应填形容词difficult。

3. 【解析】teaching。

考查非谓语动词。

the key to. . . 意为“……的关键〞, 其中to是介词, 后面应接名词或动名词作宾语, 故应填teaching。

4. 【解析】to help。

考查非谓语动词。

句意: 该项目的目标之一是帮助美国学生学习汉语和阿拉伯语。

该空在句中作表语, 用动词不定式, 故应填to help。

5. 【解析】cultures。

考查名词的复数形式。

该空作介词about的宾语, 应用名词形式, 且其他国家的文化不止一种, 故应填名词复数形式cultures。

6. 【解析】more。

考查比拟等级。

句意: 李说学习语言帮助学生们更多地了解世界。

根据语境, 该空应填much的比拟级more。

7. 【解析】them。

考查代词。

该空作介词of的宾语, 应用代词宾格形式, 故填them。

8. 【解析】has explored。

考查时态和语态。

该句时间状语为so far, 谓语动词应用现在完成时态, 且主语为Li, 应用第三人称单数形式。

故填has explored。

9. 【解析】whom。

考查定语从句。

句意: 他说, 学校里的孩子, 有些才五岁, 可能不记得他教他们的所有汉字了。

some of ______are as young as five years old是定语从句, 修饰the children, 引导词在从句中作介词of的宾语, 指人, 应用关系代词whom。

10. 【解析】as。

考查介词。

句意: 他希望他们能一直把他当成一位喜欢和尊敬的教师而记住他。

as当作。