四级作文

1、观点对比型
1）典型真题透视
Reading Selectively Or Extensively?（1999.6
1. 有人认为读书要有选择
2. 有人认为应当博览群书
3. 我的看法
第一段
❝Some people think when we read we should read selectively. That is to say, we should select some books we are interested in and ignore the others. Reading selectively can help us concentrate our limited time and attention on those selected books.
❝第二段
❝Others think we should read extensively. No matter what kind of book it is, we should look it over. We should read various kinds of books, whether we are interested in them or not. They maintain that reading extensively can help to enlarge our view and grasp the general knowledge in different fields.
第三段
❝In my opinion, the two reading ways have their roles respectively in our reading.
However, the disadvantages of each method are easy to see. If we only read the books we select or prefer, the framework of our knowledge may not be complete. Our knowledge would be rather limited. And if we read without selection, we may not have so much time and energy to be specialized in one particular field. Therefore, the combination of the two methods is more reasonable.
2）题型特点：
第一段提出争议
第二段对比论证
第三段表明看法
3) 模板
Nowadays, with the development of society and economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, 争议has grown to be a new focus.
Opinions on 争议vary from individual to individual. There are some proponents who consider that we are supposed to 正面的观点because they will exert positive influence on举例. But Opponents react to the other way around and argue that the opposite is just reasonable. From their perspective, they are expected to 反对的观点in that 理由.
Who is right? Of course both sides have their reasons. Were I to offer my choice, I would not hesitate a moment to say that I favor 一方的观点. After all, 理由.
4）段落套用句式
第一段提出争议
1. Along with the advance of the society and the improvement of people’s living
standard,…i s increasingly popular among the public/students. However, there is no consensus on ….
课堂演练
随着社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高，口语考试在学生中日益流行。

然而人们对口语考试的意见却并不一致。

4）段落套用句式
Along with the advance of the society and the improvement of people’s living standard, a test of spoken English is increasingly popular among students. However, there is no consensus on
a test of spoken English.
2. … has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and
heated debates are right on their way.
课堂演练
是否取消春节晚会已经成为热门话题，尤其在年轻人中展开了热烈的讨论。

Whether the Spring Festival Gala should be canceled has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
第二段对比论证
1.There are some individuals who argue that we are supposed to...,because理由.
However , others have different preferences. They maintain that we are expected to… in that理由.课堂演练
一些人认为我们读书要有选择，因为不是所有的书都会对我们有帮助。

然而，另一些人有不同的偏好。

他们坚持认为我们应该博览群书，因为书能开阔人们的眼界。

There are some individuals who argue that we are supposed to read selectively，because books are not all helpful for us. However, others have different preferences. They maintain that we are expected to read extensively in that we can broaden our horizon.
2.On the one hand, some people hold the view that ….. On the other hand, a great
many people i nsist that…
课堂演练
一方面，一些人认为某些幸运的数字能给他们带来好运。

另一方面，许多人坚持认为数字与运气无关。

On the one hand, some people hold the view that some lucky numbers can bring them good luck. On the other hand, a great many people insist that numbers have nothing to do with luck.
第三段表明看法
1.Who is right? Of course both sides have their reasons. Were I to offer my choice, I
would not hesitate a moment to say that I favor the former. After all, 理由.
课堂演练
谁是正确的?当然双方都有自己的理由。

如果让我选择，我会毫不犹豫的赞同前者。

毕竟春节联欢晚会象征了中国的习俗。

第三段表明看法常用句式
Who is right? Of course both sides have their reasons. Were I to offer my choice, I would not hesitate a moment to say that I favor the former. After all, the Spring Festival Gala symbolizes the custom of Chinese.
5) 课堂演练
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? (05.12)
1. 名校校园正成为旅游新热点
2. 校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同
3. 我认为……
Nowadays, with the development of society and economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, tourism has grown to be a new focus. Places with different styles of tourist resources have become tourist destination, among which the campuses of prestigious universities turn out to be a new tourist attraction.
Opinions on whether university campuses should be open to tourists vary from individual to individual. There are some proponents who consider that we are supposed to believe it is beneficial, because they will exert positive influence on both the university and the tourist. The university may be better understood by the visitor, which may enhance its reputation and help attract more talented applicants. On the other hand, young children, when absorbed in the noble atmosphere, may be stimulated to work even harder to realize their dream of attending universities.
But Opponents react to the other way around and argue that the opposite is just reasonable. From their perspective, they are expected to argue that the inflow of tourists may be a disturbance to normal teaching activities.
Who is right? Of course both sides have their reasons. Were I to offer my choice, I would not hesitate a moment to say that I favor the former. After all, every advantage has its disadvantage. In my view point, the benefits outweigh the drawbacks on the condition that proper visiting time is scheduled.
.
2、问题解决型
1）典型真题透视一
Limiting the Use of Disposable Bags (08.12)
1. 一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用
2. 造成的问题
3. 限制使用塑料袋的意义
第一段
In the modern world, disposable plastic bags were once widely used in China. People used to take them for shopping and shop assistants often provided free plastic bags for our convenience. For a while, life without them seemed unimaginable for most of us.
第二段
However, disposable plastic bags have brought great negative effects. First and foremost, plastic bags do cause severe damage to our environment. They are the main source of white pollution. What’s worse, plastic bags can not disappear by natural decomposition, so they exist for long time and thus threatens the species life. In addition, while convenient for consumers, the bags also lead to a severe waste of resources because of their excessive use and low rate of recycling.
第三段
Considering the seriousness of this problem, it is meaningful to limit the use of disposable plastic bags. First, the ban on free plastic bags encourages people to use paper or cloth bags, which is favorable to the reduction of environmental pollution. For another, it can help awaken the whole nation’s awareness of environmental protection. In this way, everyone in this society can contribute some efforts to the improvement of the environment and we will
have a bright future.
1）典型真题透视二
How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? (2010.12)
1. 目前不少家长为孩子包揽一切
2. 为了帮孩子独立，父母应该……
第一段
Nowadays some parents tend to take on everything concerned with their children, which has aroused widespread attention from the whole society. They make almost all decisions for their children, from life to study. What’s worse, even their children’s career and marriage, these parents also put in their hands.
第二段
Though most of these parents do this out of love, their behaviors can bring great negative effects on their childr en. Above all, parents’ decisions are not always in accordance with their children’s personal ideas and interests. It will make children form resistance and naturally influence their growth. Moreover, parents’ taking on everything will make children lack independence and initiative, which is unfavorable to their development in the long run. 第三段
Considering the seriousness of this problem, it is meaningful to limit the use of disposable plastic bags. First, the ban on free plastic bags encourages people to use paper or cloth bags, which is favorable to the reduction of environmental pollution. For another, it can help awaken the whole nation’s awareness of environmental protection. In this way, everyone in this society can contribute some efforts to the improvement of the environment and we will have a bright future.
2）题型特点：
第一段：提出不好的现象或问题
第二段：分析原因或后果
第三段：提出看法或措施
3) 模板一
首段（提出问题）
Nowadays, 问题has become quite a serious problem in the modern society, which has aroused widespread concern from the public. 问题的表现形式.
中间段（分析危害）
This problem may result in a number of unfavorable consequences, with the following two the most serious. Above all, it will exert a negative influence on because 产生危害的原因. What’s worse, another destructive effect is that the issue will pose a threat to , which can’t be ignored.
结尾段（提出措施）
Considering the seriousness of the problem, it is quite urgent for us to take effective measures to solve this problem. In the first place, the government should pay more attention to establishment of relevant laws and regulations. In the second place, it is essential that the school attach more importance to it. Most important of all, students should enhance their awareness of the importance of this issue. Only with these measures taken can we believe that the situation will be improved in the near future.
3) 模板二
首段（描述现象）：
Currently, along with the advance of the society, 描述现象的句子, which is thought-provoking and deserves our attention.
中间段（分析现象）
Just as what has happened to anything in the world, a number of factors could account for the phenomenon, but the following are the most critical ones. On the one hand, the phenomenon results from the fact that 原因一. 对原因一的进一步说明. On the other hand，原因二contributes to the above phenomenon. 对原因二的进一步说明. Our list of contributors could go on, but the foregoing ones are already enough to give us a deep insight into the phenomenon
结尾段（作者看法+前景展望）
From my perspective, we are supposed to attach great importance to this phenomenon. Otherwise, it will give rise to ever-worsening consequences. Although there is a long way for us to change the phenomenon（作者对现象的看法）There is still a long way for us to （改变此现象）, but as a student myself, I find it rewarding and interesting.
4）段落套用句式
第一段描述问题
1. Currently, … has become a serious / grave / marked problem the vast majority of … have to face.
课堂演练:
如今交通堵塞已经成为大多数城市不得不面临的严重问题。

Currently, traffic jam has become a serious / grave / marked problem the vast majority of cities have to face.
第一段描述问题
变体：①… is becoming increasingly serious in our current society.
在当今社会，…变得越来越严重。

②One of the urgent／pressing problems／issues we are confronted with is that …
我们正面临的一个紧迫问题是……
课堂演练:
大多数大学毕业生面临的一个急迫的问题是：就业难。

One of the urgent issues a large proportion of college graduates are confronted with is that it is increasingly difficult to find a job.
2. It is undeniable／There is no denying the fact that … has become the utmost concern among people nowadays.
不可否认，…… ，这已经成为人们最关注的问题。

变体：No one can have failed to notice the fact that...
课堂演练:
不可否认，现在很多大学生不重视中文的学习。

这已经成为人们最关注的问题。

No one can have failed to notice the fact that a number of students pay little attention to the study of Chinese nowadays.
There is no denying that the fact that a number of students pay little attention to the study of Chinese has become the utmost concern among people nowadays.
3. It is o bvious that an increasing number of … come to realize／be aware of the importance
of … presently.
课堂演练:
显然，目前越来越多的人开始意识到建立绿色校园的重要性。

Key: It is obvious that an increasing number of people come to realize／be aware of the importance of creating a green campus presently.
4）段落套用句式
第一段提出现象
1. With the development of society and economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, …
课堂演练:
随着社会、经济的发展，人民生活水平的提高，旅游业已经成为蓬勃发展的新兴产业。

With the development of society and economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, tourism has grown to be a new booming industry.
第一段提出现象
2. Nowadays, with the deepening of reform and opening-up of our country, a considerable / a remarkable / a growing / a mounting number of …
课堂演练:
现在，随着我国改革开放的深入，越来越多的年青人梦想出国深造。

Nowadays, with the deepening of reform and opening-up of our country, a considerable / a remarkable / a growing / a mounting number of young people dream of going abroad for further study.
3. Nowadays / Currently / Presently / Recently /At present / In recent years, the phenomenon / issue /problem of … has aroused wide concern from the public / has begun to draw great public attention / has been brought into a focus.
课堂演练:
近年来，校园考证书热现象已成为公众关注的焦点。

Nowadays / Currently / Presently / Recently /At present / In recent years, the phenomenon / issue /problem of certificate craze on campus has aroused wide concern from the public / has begun to draw great public attention / has been brought into a focus.
第二段分析后果或影响
1. Admittedly, the phenomenon may cause / bring about / lead to / result in / contribute to / give rise to a series of / a host of / piles of terrible problems. Above all, … Besides, … Finally, …
不可否认，这种现象会导致一系列/ 很多可怕的后果。

首先，……。

其次，……。

最后，……。

变体: The phenomenon will exert a far-reaching / profound / negative impact / influence / effect on…
这种现象会对……产生深远/ 消极的影响。

课堂演练:
不可否认，假冒伪劣产品在很多方面会对社会产生
极大的危害。

第二段分析后果或影响
Admittedly, fake commodities may exert considerable negative effects on our society in many aspects.
2. However, … does no good but harm to them in many ways.
课堂演练:
然而，为孩子决定一切对他们没有帮助，反而有很多害处。

Key: However, deciding everything for children does no good but harm to them in many ways.
3. If this trend continues, it will exert undesirable / disastrous effect / influence.
如果这种趋势继续下去的话，将会带来不良的/ 灾难性的影响。

变体：Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, it is likely that / the chances are that it will lead us in danger.
很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险。

第二段分析原因
1. A number of factors can account for this/such social phenomenon/issue, but the following might be/ are the most critical/crucial /significant ones. The first reason can be seen by everyone …There is another factor that deserves some words here. … What is also worth noticing is that …
这个社会现象/问题，有很多原因可以解释。

但下列原因或许最重要。

第一个原因其实很明显。

……。

值得一提的是……。

还有另外一个很重要的原因，……
第二段分析后果或影响
2. There are several reasons for this social phenomenon/issue, but in general, they come down to the following three major ones. To begin with / To start with, … Furthermore, … Last but not least, …
有几个原因可以解释这个社会现象/问题，但是总体而言，可以归结为下列主要三点。

首先，……。

其次，……。

最后，……。

3. A variety of factors contribute to this social phenomenon/issue, but…and … might be the leading reasons. For one thing, … For another, …/ On the one hand, … On the other hand, …
很多因素造成这个社会现象/问题，但是……和……是主要原因。

其一，…… 其二，……。

/一方面，……，另一方面，……。

第三段建议措施
1. To cope with the problem, effective and immediate measures are supposed to be taken into serious account / consideration. /effective measures should be taken.
为解决这个问题，应该考虑立即采取有效的措施。

第三段建议措施
2. In view of /In terms of/Given/Considering the seriousness of the issue, it is necessary to take effective measures/steps before things get worse.
考虑到问题的严重性，我们有必要在事态恶化之前采取有效措施。

3. 具体建议措施
政府层面
制定法律法规
1. It is high time that relevant laws and regulations were/should be worked out/
established and rigidly enforced/implemented by authorities to limit /ban…
是时候建立/实施相关法律和制度限制/禁止……
3. 具体建议措施
政府层面
制定法律法规
2. The government should pay more attention to establishment of relevant laws and
regulations, which can be used to standardize people’s behavior.
政府应该关注相关法律和制度的建立，从而规范人们的行为。

3. 具体建议措施
政府层面
加强管制，处罚违规者
3. The government should strengthen control and severely punish those who break
the law.
政府应该加强管理，严惩违反法律的人。

3. 具体建议措施
学校层面
加强……的教育
1. It is essential that the school attach more importance to the teaching of …
关键在于学校重视……的教育。

3. 具体建议措施
学校层面
加强……的教育
2. Lectures on…should be frequently given to students to prevent problems from
happening/ to foste r sb’ s interests on …
应该经常教育学生，预防问题的发生/培养……的兴趣。

个人层面
提高……意识
1. It is also essential that a deep-going, widespread and ever-lasting campaign should
be launched to enhance people’s awareness of …
重要的是，开展有深度、有广度，持久的活动来加强人们……的意识。

第三段提出看法（见观点对比题第三段）
第三段: 总结与展望
1. Only with these measures taken can we expect a bright / promising future (of this nation).
2. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future.
5) 课堂演练
Create a Green Campus (2009.12)
1. 绿色校园的重要性，
2. 什么样的校园是绿色的?
3. 我们应该怎么做。

Nowadays, environmental pollution and wasting has become quite a serious problem, which has aroused widespread concern from the public. It is not rare to see the lights or fans left on in the dorm areas when no body is in the room. What’s worse, some students even dump the package of food and drinks in such a casual way.
All this wasting and pollution may result in a number of unfavorable consequences, with the following two the most serious. Above all, it will exert a negative influence on both school and the students’ health. What’s worse,the wasting of electricity and water may pose a huge economic burden to our school, which can’t be ignored.And consequently, it may lead to student’s failure to enjoy all the se resources for free. Furthermore, the rubbish on campus may turn out to be dangerous to students’ health.
Considering the seriousness of the problem, it is quite urgent for us to take effective measures to solve this problem and create a green campus. Green campus not only means a green environment on campus, but also refers to an environmental sense in students’ mind. Therefore, in the first place, universities should pay more attention to establishment of effective green regulation on campus. In the second place, students should enhance their awareness of the importance of this issue so that they will instinctively remember to turn off the tap when they finish washing. Only with these measures taken can we believe that the situation will be improved in the near future.
3、分析图表型
第一段
❝From the chart, we can clearly learn that the student use of computers has grown rapidly in recent years. In 1990, an average student only spent less than 2 hours on the computer per week, but 5 years later, the number increased almost four times. And by 2000, the time an average student spent sitting in front of the computer had reached as many as 20 hours every week.
第二段
❝Many reasons contribute to this tremendous growth. First of all, with the improvement of technology, the price of computers has decreased greatly. So many students can afford to have one computer in their dormitories. Moreover, many net bars provide students with easy access to computers. Besides, Internet provides an amazing world, which attracts more students to sit in front of the computer screen.
第三段
❝As far as I am concerned, it is an unavoidable trend for students to spend more and more hours on computers, but there are still problems in student use of computers. Firstly, many students lack enough skill, and therefore they cannot make full use of computers.
Secondly, some students who are short of self-disciplines may forget their main task of study. To conclude, effective measures should be taken for students to guarantee the reasonable use of computer.
2）题型特点：
❝第一段：描述图表
❝第二段：分析原因
❝第三段：说明影响或阐述观点
3) 模板
❝As is revealed in the above table/ graph, there have been some obvious changes in 主题. According to the figures/ statistics, there is a slight/ slow/ steady/ rapid/ dramatic/ abrupt increase in _主题_. In 年份, there were only _数字_in 什么方面, but by 年份the number had reached 数字. It can be seen easily seen that __描述现象的句子__.
4）段落套用句式
❝第一段：描述图表
❝概括总体趋势
❝ 1. As is shown above, the bar chart clearly demonstrates ...
❝课堂演练
❝如上所示，条形图清楚地展示了2010年教育水平和收入的关系。

❝As is shown above, the bar chart clearly demonstrates the relationship between the education level and earning in 2010.
❝ 2. The bar chart of Education Pays reveals a phenomenon that...
❝课堂演练
❝条形图教育回报揭示了一个现象，即人的教育水平不同，他们的收入和失业率也不同。

❝The bar chart of Education Pays reveals a phenomenon that there exits some difference in incomes and unemployment rate among people with different educational level.
❝ 3. According to the above table, the past ten years has witnessed a sharp increase in ...
from ... to ...
❝课堂演练
❝根据图表，过去十年看到了境外旅行的人数迅速从10,000增加到120,000。

❝According to the above table, the past ten years has witnessed a sharp increase in the the number of people traveling abroad from 10,000 to 120,000.
概括重点数据
❝（按照时间，找出最大最小值，做出最强对比。

）
❝ 1. In 年份there were only 数字, but in 年份the number grew to 数字.
❝课堂演练
❝1992年，只有……，但是到了1995年，这个数字增长到了……。

❝In 1992 there were only 20 thousand people taking part in the continuing education, but in 1995 the number grew to 60 thousand.
❝ 2. In 年份, 简单句, but X years later, the number increased almost 数字times. And by 年份, 数据had reached as many as 数字.
❝课堂演练
❝1990年，普通学生在电脑前每周不到两小时，但是5年以后，这个数字增加了四倍。

到了2000年，普通学生在电脑前的时间增加到了每周20小时。

❝In 1990, an average student only spent less than 2 hours on the computer per week, but 5 years later, the number increased almost four times. And by 2000, the time an average student spent sitting in front of the computer had reached as many as 20 hours every week.
❝ 3. It is obvious that ______
❝课堂演练
❝很明显，受过良好教育的人，比如有博士和硕士学位的人，他们的收入高于那些持低学位的人。

❝It is obvious that well-educated persons such as owning Doctoral degree and Master's degree have a high salary than those who have relatively low degree.
❝ 1. Isolated as the figure seems to be, as a matter of fact, we can observe that ...
❝课堂演练
❝尽管图表有些孤立，事实上，我们可以观察到教育水平越高，收入越高。

❝Isolated as the figure seems to be, as a matter of fact, we can observe that the higher level of education you receive, the higher income you get.
❝ 2. It can be seen easily seen that ...
❝课堂演练
❝显而易见，继续教育越来越流行。

❝It can be seen easily seen that continuing education is gaining more and more popularity. 分析原因段：
❝第二段：分析原因，见问题解决型作文第二段写法
个人看法段：
❝第三段：个人看法，总结现象。

问题、影响、前景分别参照问题解决型、分析利弊型。

总结现象
❝ 1. As far as I am concerned, ..., but there are still some problems in ....
❝ 2. In short, there have been changes in ... in the past ... years because of ... reasons, and there will be further changes in the future.
❝ 3. In my point of view/As far as I am concerned, the boom in ... is a necessity.
❝变体：In my point of view/As far as I am concerned, It is an unavoidable trend for the boom of ...
❝提出建议或展望
❝From the changes in the charts, we can predict that an increasing number of people will ...
❝1992—2007年参加继续教育的人数情况
❝1)上图为某城市1992—2007年参加继续教育的人数情况，请描述其中的变化
❝2)分析导致该变化的原因
❝3)谈谈你对继续教育的看法
范文：
❝As is revealed in the above graph, there have been some obvious changes in the number of continuing education participants. According to the statistics, there is a steady increase in the number of people participating in continuing education. In 1992 there were only 20 thousand people taking part in the continuing education, but by 2007, the number has reached 210 thousand. It can be seen easily seen that continuing education is gaining more and more popularity.
好的句子
开头第二句
2增加
3下降
4倍数
5 突出内容
❝表格中显示了几个重要的对比点…
❝This table provides several important points of comparison between …
第三句明确引出现象
❝It can be easily seen that _____
其它好的句子
❝From the chart/table given above, we can clearly observe learn/find/see that the student use of computers has grown rapidly in recent years.
❝It can be seen from the statistics that …
❝This chart shows that __
❝As is shown in the graph, during 时间段from __ to __, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of ____.
❝The number in 年份is nearly 数字times as much as that of 年份。