Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪

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Agilent_频谱分析仪使用手册.

3 dB 2 dB
f
2f
3f
非线性引起失真信号变化规律
失真信号/输入功率比（dBc）
失真信号幅度与混频器工作电平的关系
0
.
-20
二二阶阶
-40
-60
-80
三三阶阶
-100
-60
-30
混频器工作电平
0 TOI SHI +30
混频器工作电平 = 输入信号电平 - 衰减器设值
为减小频谱分析仪内部失真，混频器应工作在尽量低电平，应加大衰减器设值
=
相位误差
I
(average error magnitude) x 100%
(maximum symbol magnitude)
调制信号精度分析过程
解调
被测信号
标准参考信号 001110
调制器
误差信号
调制信号精度测试
ESA的数字调制信号分析能力
ESA-E Series Spectrum Analyzer
频谱分析仪性能指标 ------内部失真
< -50 dBc
< -40 dBc
< -50 dBc
三阶交调测试
各次谐波测试
频谱分析仪典型测试应用
频谱分析仪产生内部失真的原因
混频器非线性作用
混频信号
被测信号
混频器输出信号
混频器产生失真成分
各阶非线性失真变化规律
高阶失真信号幅度比基波信号变化速度快
3
Power in dB
频谱仪噪声会影响被测信号功率测试
Apparent Signal
Actual S/N
Displayed
S/N 频谱仪显示信号=输入信号+内部噪声

E4440A

Table of Contents
Deﬁnitions and Conditions . . . . . . 3
Frequency Speciﬁcations . . . . . . . 4
Frequency range . . ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Frequency reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Frequency readout accuracy . . . . . . 4 Marker frequency counter . . . . . . . . 4 Frequency span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Sweep time and triggering . . . . . . . . 5 Sweep (trace) point range . . . . . . . . 5 Gated sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Gated FFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Resolution bandwidth (RBW) . . . . . 5 Analysis bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Video bandwidth (VBW) . . . . . . . . . . 6 Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Support, Services, and Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Agilent Technologies PSA 和 ESA 系列光谱分析仪一键测量功能指南说明书

User’s and Programmer’s ReferenceVolume 2One-Button Power Measurements PSA and ESA Series Spectrum Analyzers Refer to Volume 1 for core spectrum analyzer information.This manual provides documentation for the following instruments:Agilent Technologies PSA SeriesE4443A (3 Hz - 6.7 GHz)E4445A (3 Hz - 13.2 GHz)E4440A (3 Hz - 26.5 GHz)E4447A (3 Hz - 42.98 GHz)E4446A (3 Hz - 44.0 GHz)E4448A (3 Hz - 50.0 GHz)Agilent Technologies ESA-E SeriesE4402B (9kHz - 3.0GHz)E4404B (9kHz - 6.7GHz)E4405B (9kHz - 13.2GHz)E4407B (9kHz - 26.5GHz)Agilent Technologies ESA-L SeriesE4411B (9kHz- 1.5GHz)E4403B (9kHz - 3.0GHz)E4408B (9kHz - 26.5GHz)Manufacturing Part Number: E4440-90618Supersedes: E4440-90346Printed in USAMarch 2014© Copyright 1999-2014 Agilent Technologies, Inc..Legal InformationThe information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.Where to Find the Latest InformationDocumentation is updated periodically.•For the latest information about Agilent Technologies PSA Spectrum Analyzers, including firmware upgrades and application information, please visit the following Internet URL:/find/psa•For the latest information about Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzers, including firmware upgrades and application information, please visit the following Internet URL:/find/esa•To receive the latest updates by email, subscribe to Agilent Email Updates:/find/emailupdates•Information on preventing spectrum analyzer damage can be found at:/find/tips21. Using This DocumentAbout the User’s and Programmer’s Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 What is in This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Terms Used in This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2. One-Button Measurement FunctionsOne - Button Measurement Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Mode Setup (Spectrum Analysis Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Radio Std. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Radio Std Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Retain Params . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Enable All Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Autorange of Power Setting (Remote command only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 MEASURE (Spectrum Analysis Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Command Interactions: MEASure, CONFigure, FETCh, INITiate and READ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Current Measurement Query (Remote Command Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Test Current Results Against all Limits (Remote Command Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Meas Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Channel Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Occupied BW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Adjacent Channel Power—ACP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Multi-Carrier Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Power Stat CCDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Harmonic Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Burst Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Intermod (TOI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Spurious Emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Spectrum Emission Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Meas Setup (Adjacent Channel Power—ACP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Chan Integ BW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Offset/Limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Meas Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Optimize Ref Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Total Pwr Ref . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 PSD Ref. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Limit Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 RRC Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Filter Alpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Noise Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Trace/View (ACP Measurement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Bar Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Combined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Combined View Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Meas Setup (Burst Power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1013Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Average Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Threshold Lvl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Meas Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Burst Width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Optimize Ref Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Trace/View (Burst Power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 RF Envelope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Combined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Meas Setup (Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function—CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Meas BW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Meas Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Optimize Ref Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Display (Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function—CCDF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Full Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Store Ref Trace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Ref Trace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Gaussian Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Marker (Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function—CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Select Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Normal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Delta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Marker Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Marker All Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Marker X Position (Remote Command Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Marker Y Position (Remote Command Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Marker Maximum and Minimum (Remote Command Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 SPAN X Scale (Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function—CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Scale/Div . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Meas Setup (Channel Power—CHP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Integ BW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Chan Pwr Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 PSD Unit (PSA Only Setting). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Optimize Ref Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 RRC Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Filter Alpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Meas Setup (Harmonic Distortion) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Harmonics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 ST/Harmonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Range Table (On/Off). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 4Range Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Optimize Ref Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Trace/View (Channel Power Measurement). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Combined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Trace/View (Harmonic Distortion). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Harmonics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Harmonics & THD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Meas Setup (Intermod (TOI)). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 TOI Span. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Max Mixer Lvl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Optimize Ref Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Meas Setup (Multi-Carrier Power—MCP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Carrier Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Offsets/Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Carrier Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Optimize Ref Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Power Ref . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Limit Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 RRC Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Filter Alpha. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Noise Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Trace/View (Multi-Carrier Power Measurement). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Combined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Combined View Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Meas Setup (Occupied Bandwidth—OBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Max Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Occ BW% Pwr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 OBW Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 x dB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Optimize Ref Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Meas Setup (Spectrum Emissions Mask—SEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Meas Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Ref Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Offset/Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Results Index (PSA only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 Optimize Ref Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 RRC Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1875Filter Alpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 Display (Spectrum Emissions Mask—SEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Full Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Limit Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Marker (Spectrum Emissions Mask—SEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Select Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Normal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Trace/View (Spectrum Emissions Mask). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Abs Pwr & Freq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Rel Pwr & Freq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Integrated Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 SPAN X Scale (Spectrum Emissions Mask—SEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Scale/Div. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Ref Value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Ref Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 Meas Setup (Spurious Emissions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Avg Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Avg Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Range Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Meas Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Spur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Ref Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Fast Spurious Meas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Display (Spurious Emissions) for PSA Only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Full Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Marker (Spurious Emissions) for PSA Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 Select Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 Normal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 Delta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Markers All Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Marker Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 3. Menu Maps:One-Button Measurement FunctionsOne-Button Measurement Menu Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 Directions for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 MEASURE Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Meas Control Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Mode Setup Key for ESA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Mode Setup Key for PSA (1 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Mode Setup Key for PSA (2 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 Mode Setup Key for PSA (3 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 ACP Measurement: Meas Setup Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 ACP Measurement: Trace/View Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Burst Power Measurement: Meas Setup Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 6。

Agilent 频谱分析仪基本原理

PDF 文件使用 "pdfFactory Pro" 试用版本创建
频谱分析仪测试重要设置
------视频带宽（VBW）
根据测试信号的要求设置RBW VBW设置处于自动状态
BW
视频滤波器
视频滤波前测试显示结果视频滤波后测试显示结果
• 视频带宽可自动和手动设置，自动状态下，VBW由RBW决定 • VBW设置影响信号显示频谱的平滑和测试速度 • 减小VBW提高噪声背景下点频信号测试的灵敏度
• Peak检波方式：取值每个区间最大幅值。适合CW 信号及信号搜索测试
• Sample检波方式;取值每个区间的固定时间点。适合于噪声信号测试
• Neg Peak检波方式：取值每个区间的最小幅值。适合于小信号测试
• Auto检波方式：按最大和最小交替取值，适合包含正弦和噪声成分的信号分析
• Avg检波方式：功率测量取值由多个包络电平值的平均得到，适合噪声和
•当滤波器带宽小时,其响应时间会变长。仪表扫描速度相应变慢 •扫频测试中，将扫描时间设置为自动方式
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频谱仪测试灵敏度
Apparent Signal
Actual S/N
频谱仪内部混频器及各级放大器会产生噪声, 通过检波器会反映为显示白噪声电平 (DANL)
测试速度扫描速度，接口数据传输速度
（测试的效率，检测瞬变信号的能力）
分析功能提供通道功率，信号带宽，谐波失真等参数
（基于频谱测试，提供完整的信号参数）
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影响频率分辨率性能的因素
RBW

E4440A PSA 课件

Trace/ View
[Trace] 1,2,3 E4440A可以同时显示3条测试曲线 [Clear Write] 将当前选定的测试曲线激活，消除仪表内部显示缓存器内容 [Max Hold] 最大保持功能：显示多次扫描结果中最大幅度结果 [Min Hold] 最小保持功能：显示多次扫描结果中最小幅度结果 [View] 将测试结果写入仪表内部缓存器或将存储器内容调入显示 [Blank] 消除选定曲线的显示
＊当E4440A同时显示多条测量轨迹线时，可将激活标识定义在不
同的轨迹线上。（如：Marker1位于Trace1上，Marker2位于 Trace2上）
Marker Fctn
1,2,3,4 选择激活Marker测量功能噪声测量功能，精确测量噪声信号的功率谱密度指标 [Band/Intvl Power] 测量双Marker定义范围内信号功率和 [Function Off] 关闭Marker测量功能 [Marker Count] 频率计数器功率，提高信号频率测量分辨率和精度 [Select Marker] [Marker Noise] ＊ [Marker Noise] 功能用于噪声信号或类似噪声信号的功率谱密度的测试，即被测噪声信号在1Hz频率带宽内的功率值。＊ [Band/Intvl Power] 功能用于测量一定频率范围内信号功率和，该频率范围由一对Marker决定。
Auto Couple
＊ E4440A包括两种频域测量方式：FFT和扫描式，测量方式的选择主要是由测量频率扫宽和RBW决定。采用FFT测量方式时，测量频率扫宽不超过10MHz，适合于小范围扫宽、高测试精度的场合；扫描方式则适合大的测量频率范围。
Peak Search
自动将Marker定位在当前扫宽范围幅次大的信号上 [Next PK Right] 自动寻找频率递增方向的幅度次大的信号 [Next PK Left] 自动寻找频率递减方向的幅度次大的信号 [Min Search] 自动将Marker定位在当前扫宽范围幅度最小的信号上 [PK-PKSearch] 显示所有信号峰峰值读数 [Mkr—>CF] 将Marker对应的信号移至显示中央 [Continuous PK] 峰值显示连续开关 [Search Param] 峰值信号搜索原则 [Next Peak]

安捷伦频谱仪所有型号指南

安捷伦频谱和信号分析仪选型指南引言安捷伦科技公司拥有全面的频谱分析仪和信号分析仪产品线，频率范围覆盖直流至 325G Hz，可对失真、杂散、相位噪声和无线通信信号的频率、幅度和调制进行精确测量。

这些仪器和 89600B 矢量信号分析(VSA)软件(一种灵活的调制分析软件或测量应用软件)结合使用后，可进一步扩展仪器功能，对广泛的标准数字信号和通用数字信号和格式进行解调。

购买信号分析仪器是一项重要投资。

购买的仪器不仅要满足当前的工作需求，而且要适应未来的要求。

鉴于每个项目和用户都有不同的需求，选择能够满足所有需求的最佳仪器可能会十分复杂且耗时，而时间就是金钱。

安捷伦作为全球领先的测试测量公司，可提供广泛的分析仪和应用软件，满足各个层次的预算需求。

本选型指南将帮助您轻松找到最适合您自身需求的频谱分析仪或信号分析仪。

产品定义频谱分析仪和信号分析仪传统意义上的频谱分析仪是指可提供幅度/频率显示、具备调谐扫描功能的超外差接收机。

当今分析仪具有调谐扫描功能和 FFT 体系结构。

尽管“频谱分析仪”和“信号分析仪”两个术语现在常常互换使用，但对于当今可进行全面频域、时域和调制域信号分析的分析仪来说，“信号分析仪”一词更为准确。

台式分析仪和手持式分析仪台式频谱/信号分析仪可提供优异的射频技术指标和测量应用软件。

而手持式频谱分析仪更被那些由于频谱空间日益拥挤、射频技术不断演进而需要花费大量时间在外场完成工作的射频工程师或技术人员所青睐。

为了解决他们所面临的难题，手持式频谱分析仪需要具备坚固、精确、快速且简单易用等特性。

测量应用软件和测量软件安捷伦提供了基于 PC 和基于仪器的应用软件，以满足从研发、故障诊断到一键完成制造测量的测试需求，这些软件适用于广泛的通信标准和调制类型。

EMI 和 EMC 解决方案电磁干扰(EMI)是由设备的辐射或传导发射造成的。

EMI 分析仪和接收机能够准确定位干扰源的频率和位置，从而减少或消除干扰信号。

PSA数据手册

AgilentPSA Series Spectrum AnalyzersData SheetThe Agilent PSA series offers high-perfor-mance spectrum analysis, up to 50 GHz, with powerful one-button measurements, a versa-tile feature set, and a leading-edge combina-tion of flexibility, speed, accuracy, and dynam-ic range. From millimeter wave and phase noise measurements to spur searches and modulation analysis, the PSA series offers unique and comprehensive high-performance solutions to R&D and manufacturing engi-neers in cellular and emerging wireless com-munications, aerospace, and defense.E4443A 3 Hz to 6.7 GHz E4445A 3 Hz to 13.2 GHz E4440A 3 Hz to 26.5 GHz E4446A 3 Hz to 44 GHz E4448A3 Hz to 50 GHzTable of contentsDefinitions and conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Specifications for the PSA series spectrum analyzers Frequency specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Frequency reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Frequency readout accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Marker frequency counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Frequency span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Sweep time and triggering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Sweep (trace) point range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Resolution bandwidth (RBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Information bandwidths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Video bandwidth (VBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Amplitude specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Amplitude range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Maximum safe input level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61dB gain compression (two tone) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Typical gain compression (two tone) . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Displayed average noise level (DANL) . . . . . . . . . . . .7Display range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Frequency response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Input attenuation switching uncertainty . . . . . . . . . .8Absolute amplitude accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Input voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) . . . . . . . .8Resolution bandwidth switching uncertainty . . . . . .8Reference level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Display scale switching uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Display scale fidelity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Spurious response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Second harmonic distortion (SHI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Third-order intermodulation distortion (TOI) . . . . . . .10Residual responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Trace detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Option E444xA-1DS, preamplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Measurement speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Power suite measurement specifications . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Channel power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Occupied bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Adjacent channel power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Multi-carrier power and ACP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Power statistics CCDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Harmonic distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Intermod (TOI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Burst power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Spurious emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Spectrum emission mask (SEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 General specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12EMI compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Audio noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Military specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Calibration cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Input and outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 PSA series spectrum analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Product literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Warranty and contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Definitions and conditionsFrequency specificationsFrequency rangeE4443A(DC coupled) 3 Hz to 6.7 GHz(AC coupled)10 MHz to 6.7 GHzE4445A(DC coupled) 3 Hz to 13.2 GHz(AC coupled)10 MHz to 13.2 GHzE4440A(DC coupled) 3 Hz to 26.5 GHz(AC coupled)10 MHz to 26.5 GHzE4446A(DC coupled) 3 Hz to 44 GHzE4448A(DC coupled) 3 Hz to 50 GHzBand Harmonicmixing mode (N)01– 3 Hz to 3 GHz11– 2.85 GHz to 6.6 GHz22– 6.2 GHz to 13.2 GHz34–12.8 GHz to 19.2 GHz44–18.7 GHz to 26.8 GHz54+26.4 GHz to 31.15 GHz68–31.0 GHz to 50.0 GHz Frequency referenceAccuracy ±[(time since last adjustment x aging rate)+ temperature stability + calibration accuracy] Aging rate±1 x 10-7/ yearTemperature stability20°C to 30°C±1 x 10-80°C to 55°C±5 x 10-8Calibration accuracy±7 x 10-8Example frequency reference accuracy 1 year after last adjustment:= ±(1 x 1 x 10–7 + 1 x 10–8 + 7 x 10-8)= ±1.8 x 10–7Frequency readout accuracy(start, stop, center, marker)±(marker frequency x frequency reference accuracy + 0.25%x span + 5% x RBW + 2 Hz + 0.5 x horizontal resolution*)*Horizontal resolution is span/(sweep points – 1)Marker frequency counterAccuracy±(marker frequency x frequency referenceaccuracy + 0.100 Hz)Delta counter accuracy±(delta frequency x frequency referenceaccuracy + 0.141 Hz)Counter resolution0.001 HzFrequency span(FFT and swept mode)Range0 Hz (zero span), 10 Hz to maximumfrequency of modelResolution 2 HzAccuracy ±[0.2% x span + span / (sweep points – 1)]Sweep time and triggeringRange:Span = 0 Hz 1 µs to 6000 sSpan ≥10 Hz 1 ms to 2000 sAccuracySpan ≥10 Hz, sweep±0.01% nominalSpan ≥10 Hz, FFT±40% nominalSpan = 0 Hz±0.01% nominalTrigger Free run, line, video, RF burst,external front, external rear Trigger delaySpan = 0 Hz, or FFT–150 ms to +500 msSpan ≥10 Hz, swept 1 µs to 500 msResolution0.1 µsSweep (trace) point rangeSpan = 0 Hz 2 to 8192Span ≥10 Hz101 to 8192Gated FFTMaximum span10 MHzDelay range–150 to +500 msDelay resolution100 ns or 4 digits whichever is more Gate duration 1.83/RBW ±2% nominal Resolution bandwidth (RBW)Range (–3.01 dB bandwidth) 1 Hz to 3 MHz (10% steps), 4, 5, 6,8 MHzBandwidth accuracy (power):RBW range1 Hz to 51 kHz±0.5% (±0.022 dB)56 kHz to 75 kHz±1.0% (±0.044 dB)82 kHz to 330 kHz±0.5% (±0.022 dB)360 kHz to 1.2 MHz (< 3 GHz CF)±1.0% (±0.044 dB)1.3 MHz to2.0 MHz (< 3 GHz CF)±0.07 dB nominal2.2 MHz to 6.0 MHz (< 3 GHz CF)±0.02 dB nominalBandwidth accuracy (–3.01 dB):RBW range8 MHz (< 3 GHz CF)±15% nominalSelectivity (–60 dB/–3 dB) 4.1:1 nominal Information bandwidthsMaximum FFT width10 MHzI/Q waveform digital outputbandwidth (Option E444xA-B7J)10 MHz321.4 MHz IF output:–1 dB bandwidth20 to 30 MHz nominal–3 dB bandwidth30 to 60 MHz nominal70 MHz IF output (Option E444xA-H70):–1 dB bandwidth20 to 30 MHz nominal–3 dB bandwidth30 to 60 MHz nominalNominal phase noise at common cellularcommunication frequencies, £(f) optimized versus fFigure 1. Nominal phase noise at common cellular frequenciesNominal phase noise of different center frequencies withRBW selectivity curves, £(f) optimized versus f Figure 2. Nominal phase noise at various center frequenciesVideo bandwidth (VBW)Range 1 Hz to 3 MHz (10% steps),4, 5, 6, 8 MHz and wide open Accuracy±6% nominal StabilityNoise sidebands (20°C to 30°C, CF = 1 GHz)Offset Specification Typical100 Hz–91 dBc/Hz–97 dBc/Hz1 kHz–103 dBc/Hz–107 dBc/Hz10 kHz–114 dBc/Hz–117 dBc/Hz30 kHz–114 dBc/Hz–117 dBc/Hz100 kHz–120 dBc/Hz–123 dBc/Hz1 MHz–144 dBc/Hz–146 dBc/Hz–148 dBc/Hz nominal6 MHz–151 dBc/Hz–152 dBc/Hz–156 dBc/Hz nominal10 MHz–151 dBc/Hz–152 dBc/Hz–157.5 dBc/Hz nominal Residual FM:< (1 Hz X N) p-p in 1 sSee frequency range for N (harmonic number)Amplitude specificationsAmplitude rangeMeasurement range Displayed average noiselevel (DANL) to maximumsafe input levelInput attenuator range0 to 70 dB in 2 dB steps Maximum safe input levelAverage total power +30 dBm (1 W) Preamp (Option E444xA-1DS)+25 dBmPeak pulse power< 10 µs pulse width, < 1%duty cycleand input attenuation ≥30 dB+50 dBm (100 W)DC volts:DC coupled< ±0.2 VdcAC coupled(E4443A, E4445A, E4440A only)±100 Vdc1 dB gain compression (two-tone)Total power at input mixer10 MHz to 200 MHz0 dBm +3 dBm nominal200 MHz to 3 GHz+3 dBm +7 dBm nominal3 GHz to 6.6 GHz+3 dBm +4 dBm nominal6.6 GHz to 26.5 GHz–2 dBm 0 dBm nominal26.5 GHz to 50 GHz0 dBm nominal Preamp on (Option E444xA-1DS)10 MHz to 200 MHz–30 dBm nominal200 MHz to 3 GHz–25 dBm nominal Typical gain compression (two-tone)Mixer level Compression10 MHz to 200 MHz 0 dBm < 0.5 dB200 MHz to 6.6 GHz +3 dBm < 0.5 dB6.6 GHz to 26.5 GHz –2 dBm < 0.4 dBDisplayed Average Noise Level (DANL)(Input terminated, sample or average detector, averaging type = Log, 20 to 30°C)Zero span and swept Zero span and swept FFT onlynormalized to 1 Hz RBW normalized to 1 Hz RBW actual 1 Hz RBWand 0 dB attenuation and 0 dB attenuation 0 dB attenuation(typical)E4443A/E4445A/E4440A3 Hz to 1 kHz—–110 dBm nominal—1 kHz to 10 kHz—–130 dBm nominal—10 kHz to 100 kHz–135 dBm –142 dBm–135 dBm100 kHz to 1 MHz–145 dBm–149 dBm–145 dBm1 MHz to 10 MHz–150 dBm–153 dBm–150 dBm10 MHz to 1.2 GHz–155 dBm–156 dBm–154 dBm1.2 GHz to2.5 GHz–154 dBm–155 dBm–153 dBm2.5 GHz to3.0 GHz–153 dBm–154 dBm–152 dBm3 GHz to 6.6 GHz–152 dBm–153 dBm–151 dBm6.6 GHz to 13.2 GHz–150 dBm–152 dBm–149 dBm13.2 GHz to 20 GHz–147 dBm–149 dBm–146 dBm20 GHz to 26.5 GHz–143 dBm–145 dBm–143 dBm Preamp ON(Option E4443/5/0A-1DS)100 kHz to 200 kHz–161 dBm–164 dBm–163 dBm nominal 200 kHz to 500 kHz–164 dBm–167 dBm–167 dBm nominal 500 kHz to 10 MHz–166 dBm–168 dBm–168 dBm nominal 10 MHz to 1.1 GHz–169 dBm–170 dBm–170 dBm nominal1.1 GHz to2.5 GHz–168 dBm–169 dBm–169 dBm nominal2.5 GHz to3.0 GHz–166 dBm–167 dBm–167 dBm nominal E4446A/E4448A3 Hz to 1 kHz—–110 dBm nominal—1 kHz to 10 kHz—–130 dBm nominal—10 kHz to 100 kHz–140 dBm–143 dBm–140 dBm100 kHz to 1 MHz–145 dBm–150 dBm–145 dBm1 MHz to 10 MHz–150 dBm–155 dBm–150 dBm10 MHz to 1.2 GHz–154 dBm–155 dBm–153 dBm1.2 GHz to2.2 GHz–153 dBm–154 dBm–152 dBm2.2 GHz to 3 GHz–152 dBm–153 dBm–151 dBm3 GHz to 6.6 GHz–151 dBm–152 dBm–150 dBm6.6 GHz to 13.2 GHz–146 dBm–149 dBm–146 dBm13.2 GHz to 20 GHz–145 dBm–147 dBm–144 dBm20 GHz to 22.5 GHz–143 dBm–146 dBm–143 dBm22.5 GHz to 26.8 GHz–140 dBm–144 dBm–140 dBm26.8 GHz to 31.15 GHz–142 dBm–145 dBm–141 dBm31.15 GHz to 36 GHz–134 dBm–136 dBm–133 dBm36 GHz to 38 GHz–129 dBm–132 dBm–129 dBm38 GHz to 44 GHz–131 dBm–134 dBm–131 dBm44 GHz to 49 GHz–128 dBm–131 dBm–127 dBm49 GHz to 50 GHz–127 dBm–130 dBm–126 dBm Preamp ON(Option E4446/8A-1DS)100 kHz to 200 kHz–160 dBm–164 dBm–160 dBm nominal 200 kHz to 500 kHz–163 dBm–167 dBm–163 dBm nominal 500 kHz to 10 MHz–164 dBm–168 dBm–164 dBm nominal 1 MHz to 10 MHz–167 dBm–169 dBm–167 dBm nominal 10 MHz to 1.2 GHz–167 dBm–169 dBm–167 dBm nominal1.2 GHz to2.2 GHz–166 dBm–168 dBm–166 dBm nominal2.2 GHz to3.0 GHz–164 dBm–166 dBm–164 dBm nominalDisplay rangeLog scale0.1 to 1 dB/division in 0.1 dB steps1 to 20 dB/division in 1 dB steps(10 display divisions)Linear scale10 divisionsScale units dBm, dBmV, dBuV, V, and W Frequency response(10 dB input attenuation, 20 to 30°C, preselector centering applied) E4443A/E4445A/E4440A3 Hz to 3 GHz±0.38 dB(±0.1 dB typical)3 GHz to 6.6 GHz±1.5 dB(±0.5 dB typical)6.6 GHz to 22 GHz±2.0 dB(±1.0 dB typical)22 GHz to 26.5 GHz±2.5 dB(±1.0 dB typical)E4446A/E4448A3 Hz to 3 GHz±0.38 dB(±0.1 dB typical)3 GHz to 6.6 GHz±1.5 dB(±0.7 dB typical)6.6 GHz to 22 GHz±2.0 dB(±1.0 dB typical)22 GHz to 26.8 GHz±2.5 dB(±1.0 dB typical)26.4 GHz to 31.15 GHz±1.75 dB(±1.0 dB typical)31.15 GHz to 50 GHz±3.0 dB(±2.0 dB typical) Frequency response at attenuation ≠10 dB10 MHz to 3 GHz±0.80 dB nominalPreamp on (Option E444xA-1DS), (for all models)100 kHz to 3 GHz±0.7 dB < (±0.2 dB typical) Input attenuation switching uncertainty (Attenuator setting ≥2 dB)At 50 MHz±0.2 dB3 Hz to 3 GHz±0.3 dB nominal3 GHz to 13.2 GHz±0.5 dB nominal13.2 GHz to 26.5 GHz±0.7 dB nominal26.5 GHz to 50 GHz±1.0 dB nominal Absolute amplitude accuracy(10 dB attenuation, 20 to 30°C, 10 Hz ≤RBW ≤1 MHz, input signal–10 to –50 dBm, all settings auto-coupled except Auto Swp Time = Accy, any reference level, any scale)At 50 MHz ±0.24 dB (±0.06 dB typical)At all frequencies ±(0.24 dB + frequency response)±(0.06 dB+ frequency response) typical 3 Hz to 3 GHz(95% confidence) ±0.24 dBPreamp on (Option E444xA-1DS)±(0.36 dB + frequency response)±(0.09 dB+ frequency response) typical Input voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)(≥8 dB input attenuation)50 MHz to 3 GHz < 1.2:1 nominal3 GHz to 18 GHz < 1.6:1 nominal18 GHz to 26.5 GHz < 1.9:1 nominal26.5 GHz to 50 GHz < 1.57:1 nominalPreamp on (50 MHz to 3 GHz)(≥10 dB attenuation)< 1.2:1 nominalResolution bandwidth switching uncertainty (referenced to 30 kHz RBW)1 Hz to 1 MHz RBW ±0.03 dB1.1 MHz to 3 MHz RBW ±0.05 dB4, 5, 6, 8 MHz RBW ±1.00 dBReference levelRange:Log scale -170 dBm to +30 dBm in 0.01 dB steps Linear scale 707 pV to 7.07 V in 0.1% steps Accuracy 0dBDisplay scale switching uncertaintySwitching betweenlinear and log 0 dBLog scale/div switching 0 dBDisplay scale fidelity≤–20 dBm input mixer level ±0.07 dB total–20 dBm < mixer level ≤–10 dBm±0.13 dB totalSpurious response (mixer level = –40 dBm)General spurious:f < 10 MHz from carrier< (–73 + 20 log N) dBcf ≥10 MHz from carier< (–80 + 20 log N) dBc< (–90 + 20 log N) dBc typicalSee frequency range for NSecond harmonic distortion (SHI)E4443A, E4445A, E4440A Distortion (dBc) SHI (dBm)10 MHz to 400 MHz < –82 +42(–40 dBm mixer level) 400 MHz to 1.25 GHz < –92 +52(–40 dBm mixer level) 1.25 GHz to 1.5 GHz < –82 +42(–40 dBm mixer level) 1.5 GHz to 2.0 GHz < –90 +80(–10 dBm mixer level) 2.0 GHz to 13.25 GHz < –100+90(–10 dBm mixer level)E4446A, E4448ADistortion (dBc) SHI (dBm)10 MHz to 400 MHz < –82 +42(–40 dBm mixer level) 400 MHz to 1.25 GHz < –91 +51(–40 dBm mixer level) 1.25 GHz to 1.5 GHz < –81 +41(–40 dBm mixer level) 1.5 GHz to 2.0 GHz < –90 +80(–10 dBm mixer level) 2.0 GHz to 3.25 GHz < –94 +84(–10 dBm mixer level) 3.25 GHz to 13.25 GHz < –96 +86(–10 dBm mixer level) 13.25 GHz to 25 GHz < –100 nominal+90 nominal(–10 dBm mixer level)Preamp on (Option E444xA-1DS), (for all models)(input preamp level = –45 dBm)10 MHz to 1.5 GHz < –60 nominal+15 nominalFigure 3. Nominal dynamic range - Band 0, for second and third order distortion, E4443A, E4445A, and E4440A - 3 Hz to 3 GHzNominal dynamic rangeBand 0Third-order intermodulation distortion (TOI)(two –30 dBm tones at input mixer with tone separation > 15 kHz, 20 to 30°C )E4443A/E4445A/E4440A Distortion (dBc) TOI (dBm)10 MHz to 100 MHz < –88 +14 (+17 typical)100 MHz to 400 MHz < –90 +15 (+18 typical)400 MHz to 1.7 GHz < –92 +16 (+19 typical)1.7 GHz to 3.0 GHz < –94 +17 (+19 typical)3.0 GHz to 6.0 GHz < –90 +15 (+18 typical)6.0 GHz to 16 GHz < –76 +8 (+11 typical)16 GHz to 26.5 GHz< –84+12 (+14 typical)E4446A/E4448A Distortion (dBc) TOI (dBm)10 MHz to 100 MHz < –90 +15 (+20 typical)100 MHz to 400 MHz < –92 +16 (+21 typical)400 MHz to 1.7 GHz < –94 +17 (+20 typical)1.7 GHz to 3.0 GHz < –96 +18 (+21 typical)3.0 GHz to 6.0 GHz < –92 +16 (+21 typical)6.0 GHz to 16 GHz < –84+12 (+15 typical)16.0 GHz to 26.5 GHz < –84+12 (+16 typical)26.5 GHz to 50 GHz< –85 nominal+12.5 nominalPreamp on (Option E444xA-1DS), (for all models, two –45 dBm tones at preamp input)10 MHz to 500 MHz < –60 nominal –15 nominal 500 MHz to 3 GHz < –64 nominal –13 nominalFigure 4. Nominal dynamic range – Bands 1 to 4, second and third order distortion,E4443A, E4445A, E4440A - 3 GHz to 26.5 GHzNominal dynamic rangeBands 1 to 411Figure 5. Nominal dynamic range – Bands 5 to 6, E4446A and E4448A - 26.4 GHz to 50 GHzResidual responsesInput terminated and 0 dB attenuation 200 kHz to 6.6 GHz < –100 dBm 6.6 GHz to 26.8 GHz < –100 dBm nominal 26.8 GHz to 50 GHz < –90 dBm nominalTrace detectorsNormal, peak, sample, negative peak, log power average, RMS average, and voltage averageOption E444xA-1DS, preamplifierFrequency range100 kHz to 3 GHz Gain28 dB nominal Noise figure7 dB nominalMeasurement speed (sweep points = 601)Local measurement and display update rate ≥50/s nominal Remote measurement and display update rate≥22/s nominalNominal dynamic rangefor second- and third-order distortion bands 5 and 626.5 GHz to 50 GHzPower suite measurement specifications Channel powerAmplitude accuracy, W-CDMA or IS95(20 to 30°C, mixer level < –20 dBm)±0.68 dB ( ±0.21 dB typical) Occupied bandwidthFrequency accuracy ±[span/(sweep points - 1)] nominal Adjacent channel powerAccuracy, W-CDMA (ACLR) (at specific mixer levels and ACLR ranges):Adjacent AlternateMS ±0.12 dB±0.17 dBBTS ±0.22 dB±0.22 dB Dynamic range (typical):w/o noise correction–74.5 dB –82 dBw/noise correction–81 dB–88 dBOffset channel pairs measured 1 to 6Multi-carrier power and ACPACPR dynamic range, W-CDMA (two carriers, RRC weighted,3.84 MHz noise bandwidth):5 MHz offset –70 dB nominal10 MHz offset–75 dB nominalACPR accuracy (two carriers,5 MHz offset, –48 dBc ACPR) ±0.38 dB nominalMultiple number ofcarriers measured Up to 12Power statistics CCDFHistogram resolution 0.1 dBHarmonic distortionMaximum harmonic number 10thResults Fundamental power (dBm), relativeharmonics power (dBc), totalharmonic distortion in % Intermod (TOI)Measure the third-order products and intercepts from two tones Burst powerMethods Power above threshold, powerwithin burst widthResults Single burst output power, averageoutput power, maximum power,minimum power within burst,burst width Spurious emissioncdma2000 or W-CDMA (1980 MHz region, 1.2 MHz RBW)Table driven spurious signals; search across regions.Relative dynamic range80.6 dB (82.4 dB typical) Absolute sensitivity –89.7 dBm (–91.7 dBm typical) Spectrum emission mask (SEM)cdma2000 (750 kHz offset):Relative dynamic range 85.3 dB (88.3 dB typical)(30 kHz RBW)Absolute sensitivity –105.7 dBm (–107 dBm typical)Relative accuracy ±0.09 dB3GPP W-CDMA (2.515 MHz offset):Relative dynamic range 87.3 dB (89.5 dB typical)(30 kHz RBW)Absolute sensitivity –105.7 dBm (–107.7 dBm typical)Relative accuracy ±0.1 dBGeneral specificationsTemperature rangeOperating 0°C to +55°CStorage –40°C to +75°CEMI compatibility•Conducted interference is in compliance withCISPR Pub 11/1990 Group 1 Class A•Radiated emission is in compliance withCISPR Pub 11/1990 Group 1 Class BAudio noiseISO 7779LNPE < 5.0 BELS at 25°C Military specificationType tested to environmental specifications MIL-PRF-28800F Class 4 Power requirementsVoltage and frequency:100 to 132 Vrms, 47 to 66 Hz/360 to 440 Hz195 to 250 Vrms, 47 to 66 HzPower consumption:On < 260 watts base(< 450 watts, fully loaded) Standby < 20 watts12Weight(without options)E4443A, E4445A, E4440ANet 23 kg (50 lbs) nominal Shipping 33 kg (73 lbs) nominalE4446A, E4448ANet 24 kg (53 lbs) nominal Shipping 34 kg (76 lbs) nominal DimensionsHeight 177 mm (7.0 in)Width 426 mm (16.8 in)Length 483 mm (19 in)WarrantyThe E4440A, E4443A, E4445A, E4446A and E4448A are supplied with a three-year warranty.Calibration cycleThe recommended calibration cycle is one year. Calibration services are available through Agilent service centers.Input and outputsFront panelRF inputConnector:E4443A/E4445A Type-N female, 50 ΩE4440A Type-N female, 50 ΩOption E4440A-BAB APC 3.5 maleE4446A/E4448A 2.4 mm male, 50 ΩProbe powerVoltage/current (nominal)+15 Vdc, ±7 % at 150 mA max–12.6 Vdc, ±10 % at 150 mA maxGNDHeadphone Reserved for future applications Ext trigger inputConnector BNC femaleImpedance10 kΩnominalTrigger level 5 V TTL nominal Rear panel10 MHz OUT (switched)Connector BNC female, 50 ΩOutput amplitude≥0 dBm nominalFrequency accuracy10 MHz ±(10 MHz x frequencyreference accuracy)Ext Ref InConnector BNC female, 50 ΩInput amplitude range–5 to +10 dBm nominal Frequency 1 to 30 MHz nominal Frequency lock range±5 x 10-6 of specified externalreference input frequency Trigger inConnector BNC femaleExternal trigger input:Impedance> 10 kΩnominalTrigger level 5 V TTL nominalKeyboardConnector6-pin mini-DIN (PS2) (Reserved forfuture applications)Trigger 1 and Trigger 2 outputsConnector BNC femaleTrigger 1 output:HSWP (high = sweeping) Impedance50 ΩnominalLevel 5 V TTLTrigger 2 output Reserved for future applications Monitor outputConnector VGA compatible, 15-pin mini D-SUB Format VGA (31.5 kHz horizontal, 60 Hzvertical sync rates, non-interlaced)Analog RGBResolution640 X 480Remote programmingGPIB interface:Connector IEEE-488 bus connectorGPIB codes SH1, AH1, T6, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1,C1, C2, C3, and C28, DT1, L4, C0 Serial interface connector9-pin D-SUB male (factory use only) LAN TCP/IP interface RJ45 EthertwistParallel printer interface connector25-pin D-SUB female321.4 MHz IF outputConnector SMA female, 50 Ωnominal Frequency321.4 MHz nominal Conversion gain+2 to +4 dB nominalSCSI interfaceConnector Mini D 50, female (factory use only)1314Ordering informationPSA series spectrum analyzerE4443A 3 Hz to 6.7 GHz E4445A 3 Hz to 13.2 GHz E4440A 3 Hz to 26.5 GHz E4446A 3 Hz to 44 GHz E4448A3 Hz to 50 GHzOptionsTo add options to a product, use the following ordering scheme:Model E444xA (x = 0, 3, 5, 6 or 8)Example options E4440A-B7JE4448A-1DSDigital demodulation hardwareE444xA-B7JDigital demodulation hardware (required for digitaldemodulation measurement personalities)Digital demodulation measurementsE444xA-BAF W-CDMA measurement personality E444xA-202GSM w/ EDGE measurement personality E444xA-B78cdma2000 measurement personality E444xA-2041xEV-DO measurement personality E444xA-BAC cdmaOne measurement personality E444xA-BAENADC, PCD measurement personalityPhase noise measurementE444xA-226Phase noise measurement personalityAmplifiersE444xA-1DS100 kHz to 3 GHz built-in preamplifierInputs and outputsE4440A-BABReplaces type "N" input connector with APC 3.5 connectorConnectivity softwareE444xA-230BenchLink Web Remote Control SoftwareCode compatibilityE444xA-266HP 8566B/8568B codecompatibility measurement personalityAccessoriesE444xA-1CM Rack mount kit E444xA-1CN Front handle kitE444xA-1CP Rack mount with handles E444xA-1CR Rack slide kitE444xA-045Millimeter wave accessory kitDocumentationE444xA-0B1Extra manual set including CD ROMCalibration documentationE444xA-UK6Commercial calibration certificate with test dataWarranty and serviceFor warranty and service of 5 years, please order 60 months of R-51B (quantity = 60). Standard warranty is 36 months.R-51B Return-to-Agilent warranty and service planCalibration 1For 3 years, order 36 months of the appropriate calibration plan shown below. For 5 years, specify 60 months.R-50C-001Standard calibrationR-50C-002Standards compliant calibration E444xA-OBWService manual and calibration softwareProduct literaturePSA Series - The Next Generation,brochure,literature number 5980-1283EPSA Series,data sheet, literature number 5980-1284E Phase Noise Measurement Personality,product overview, literature number5988-3698ENW-CDMA Measurement Personality, product overview, literature number5988-2388ENGSM with EDGE Measurement Personality,product overview, literature number5988-2389EN cdma2000 Measurement Personality,product overview, literature number5988-3694EN1xEV-DO Measurement Personality,product overview, literature number 5988-4828EN cdmaOne Measurement Personality,product overview, literature number 5988-3695EN NADC/PDC Measurement Personality,product overview, literature number 5988-3697EN PSA Series Spectrum Analyzers, Option H70,70 MHz IF Output, product overview,literature number 5988-5261ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for Spectrum Analysis, product note, literature number 5988-0735ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for Phase Noise Measurements, product note, literature number 5988-3704ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for W-CDMA Measurements, product note, literature number 5988-3699ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for GSM and EDGE Measurements, product note, literature number5988-3700ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for cdma2000 Measurements, product note, literature number 5988-3701ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for 1xEV-DO Measurements, product note, literature number 5988–6208ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for cdmaOne Measurements, product note, literature number 5988-3702ENSelf-Guided Demonstration for NADC and PDC Measurements, product note, literature number5988-3703EN PSA Series Demonstration CD,literature number 5988-2390ENOptimizing Dynamic Range for Distortion Measurements, product note, literature number 5980-3079ENPSA Series Amplitude Accuracy,product note, literature number 5980-3080ENPSA Series Swept and FFT Analysis,product note, literature number 5980-3081ENPSA Series Measurement Innovations and Benefits, product note, literature number 5980-3082ENPSA Series Spectrum Analyzer Performance Guide Using 89601A Vector Signal Analysis Software,product note, literature number 5988-5015EN Selecting the Right Signal Analyzer for Your Needs, selection guide, literature number 5968-3413E8 Hints for Millimeter Wave Spectrum Measurements,application note, literature number 5988–5680EN PSA Series Spectrum Analyzer Performance Guide Using 89601A Vector Signal Analysis Software,product note, literature number 5988-5015EN89600 series + PSA, 802.11A and HiperLAN2 ODFM Measurements, product note,literature number 5988-4094ENN4256A Amplifier Distortion Test Set,product overview, 5988-2925ENBenchLink Web Remote Control Softeware,product overview, literature number 5988-2610EN HP 8566B/68B Programming Code Compatibility for PSA and ESA-E Series Spectrum Analyzers, product overview, literature number 5988-5808ENIntuiLink Software, Data Sheet,Literature Number 5980-3115ENFor more information on the PSA series, please visit: /find/psa15。

Agilent N9320B频谱分析仪介绍

按 > 右侧峰值或左侧峰值此时两个标记之间的幅度以及频率差即显示在屏幕上。
图 2-2参考信号在屏幕外的 Delta标记对
使用 Delta 标记比较不在同一屏幕上的信号
使用
delta
标记功能对不在同一屏幕上的两个信号之间的频率和幅度差异进行测量
。(此功能适合于测量谐波失真)
此例中，使用频谱仪的
等都是前面板上的硬键。多数情况下，按下这样一个硬键将进入一个功能菜单，此菜单显
示在屏幕的右边上，如复位类型，中心频率和下一个峰值等。而这些显示在屏幕上的键被
称为软键。
使用前面板
这一节将介绍如何使用分析仪的基本功能。
输入数据
当需要输入参数值时，有以下几种常用的数据输入编辑方式：
旋纽
增加或减少当前值。
箭头按键
上的橙色指示灯亮起。
7 电源接口用作频谱仪的电源输入端口。
8 VGA 端口此视频输出端口可连接到一个外部显示器或投影仪。
9 USB端口当您需要程控此频谱仪时，此端口用于连接电脑。
2 功能与应用
2.1 基本测量
在本介绍中，标有 [
] 的键，比如 [Preset/System], [Frequency]以及 [Marker]
提供了可选购的 AM/FM调制分析功能。
• 跟踪信号发生器
提供了可选购的射频跟踪信号发生器，用于进行标量网络分析。
• 分辨率为 0.1Hz 的频率计数器
频谱分析仪内置的计数器可使信号的频率测量精度达到 0.1Hz。
• 支持 USB 功率传感器
内置的功率计功能支持安捷伦
U2000
系列功率传感器，满足高精度功率测量的需求。
增加或减少当前值。
数字键

Agilent PNA系列RF和微波网络分析仪商品介绍说明书

1981AgilentPNA SeriesRF and MicrowaveNetwork Analyzers2E8362/3/4A 20/40/50 GHz, 2-port, 4 receiverApplications TRL calibration for Optional features Filters, amplifiers,the most accurate allow you to add on wafer and on-wafer, in-fixture,only the capabilities in-fixture devicesand waveguide you need measurementsE8356/7/8A 3/6/9 GHz, 2-port, 4 receiver ApplicationsTRL calibration Standard front panel Filters, amplifiers, for the most accurate jumpers for highest on wafer and on-wafer and dynamic range in-fixture devices in-fixturemeasurementsStandard sourceattenuators andbias-tees for your active measurement needs E8801/2/3A 3/6/9 GHz, 2-port, 3 receiverApplications3 measurement Optional features Filters, cablesreceivers give you allow you to add high performance only the capabilities at a great value you needN3381/2/3A 3/6/9 GHz, 3-port, 4 receiverApplications Full 3-port calibration Optional features Duplexers, provides the most allow you to add couplers,accurate characterization only the capabilities circulatorsof your low-isolation you need 3-port devicesPNA Series provides…Rapid evolution of technology presents a growing challenge to component manufacturers in many industries including telecommunications, broadband, and aerospace and defense.…the Performance you Demandmeasurement needs now and well into the future.Use TRL calibration for accurate in-fixture oron-wafer measurements.Accurately measure passband ripple of low insertion lossfilters, such as DRF or LC filters, with low trace noise. Measure base station filters or LAN/receiver filtercombinations with up to 143 dB dynamic range.4Built for SpeedDecreasing test time is critical for your success in the market-place. The PNA Series analyzers are designed with maximum throughput in mind. Use a variety of powerful tools to optimize your measurement processes.Reduce test time with fewer connectionsConnect your 3-port device once for full characterization in just 3sweeps with the new 3-port PNAs.(see specific models on page 11)Decrease calibration time with easy-to-use electronic calibration (ECal)Perform fast, accurate, automatic calibrations with Agilent’s ECal products. Control ECal directly from the analyzer without an external PC.Dramatically increase throughput with segment sweep modeOptimize each sweep by collecting data at frequency segments you define. Specify each segment with the optimum number of points, IF bandwidth and power level for increased speed and dynamic range.Reduce test time with pass/fail testingLet the network analyzerdetermine if measurement results are within limits that you define.Specify limits easily using the limit table.…the Throughput you Strive forReduce test time with a network analyzer optimized to increase throughput.5Gain a competitive advantage withpowerful automation toolsAutomated test is yet another method you can use to eliminate valuable seconds from your test process. Use the flexible automation environment to lower your cost of test.•Control the analyzer using SCPI commands, or gain the speed and connectivity advantage of COM/DCOM.•Execute code directly from the analyzer, or from an external PC through LAN or GPIB.•Develop code in the programming language you want. Languages like Visual Basic, Visual C++,Agilent-VEE, or LabView ™.The COM/DCOM advantage•Quick data transfer rate (<1 ms COM, 50 ms SCPI over GPIB) •Swift command execution •Fewer lines of code•Re-use rather than re-write objects6…the Connectivity you Dream ofSave data easily to floppy disk, internal hard drive, or your external CD-RW drive, PC or server using the familiar Windows ®interface.Import trace data and screen images directly into your Microsoft ®Excel or Word applications using Agilent IntuiLink for post-processing on the analyzer.Download IntuiLink free at:/find/intuilinkSend results to printers over LAN, parallel,serial or USB interfaces.Send test data to a central file server.Access the analyzer remotely for additional troubleshooting capability.variety of I/O interfaces includingGPIB, USB, LAN and parallelconnections.78…the Flexibility you DesireArrange windows for custom viewing or select standard viewing configurations.configurations.The PNA Series family combines powerful features with the benefit of Windows to provide maximummeasurement flexibility and versatility.•Configure up to 16 independent stimulus settings in a single instrument state.•Display up to 4 active traces in each window.•Select 10 coupled or fully-independent markers per trace.High power measurements•Use the configurable test set option to add your own external components in the measurement path.•Internally controlled step attenuators in the source and/or receiver path give you a greater power range.•Bias-tees supply DC power to your active components.High-rejection measurements•Obtain maximum dynamic range at the test port with full 12-term error correction using the configurable test set option.Time-domain analysis•Locate and resolve discontinuities in your device,fixture or cable. Once located, use gating to remove unwanted responses.•Tune cavity-resonator bandpass filters quickly with a simple, deterministic method.9…the Ease of Use you SeekEasily enter limit line and segment sweep values.View choices easily with drop down menus.Input parameters quickly using active entry toolbars.Set up fundamental measurements quickly using front panel keys.Answers when and where you need them with embedded helpAccelerate learning withcontext-sensitive help and robust tutorials. Use on-line help to quickly reference programming and user documentation in French,German, Japanese, Spanish or English languages. Now you can use Favorites to bookmark important topics.Configure measurements easily with intuitive user interfaceNavigate the analyzer efficiently using familiar front panel keys or with a mouse. Use a mouse or hard keys independently, or in combination to best suit your needs. Both methods are optimized in the Windows® environment for fast, intuitive operation.10…the Total Solutions you DeserveCharacterize your balanced devicesReduce training and test time for filtersAgilent’s balanced-measurement systems make complex characterization of fully balanced or bal-anced-to-single-ended RF components a lot easier.Devices such as differential filters and amplifiers,baluns, and balanced transmission lines that were once difficult to measure using a conventional two-port measuring system, can now be completely and accurately tested with Agilent’s solutions. For more information visit/find/balanced For manufacturers of high-performance bandpass filters, Agilent’s new N4261A filter tuning software is the only solution that allows inexperienced filter tuners to rapidly tune multiple-pole filters after only brief instruction. Agilent’s filter tuning software is the industry's first complete solution that helps manufacturers reduce average filter alignment times and significantly reduces personnel training times. For more information visit /find/ftsCalibrate effortlessly with ECalElectronic calibration (ECal) is a precision, single connection, one or two-port calibration technique for Agilent vector network analyzers. ECal offers a full two-port calibration with a single connection to the ECal module with minimal operator interaction.You get faster results, more repeatable calibrations,and less wear on the connectors. PNA Series compatible modules are available to 9 GHz. For more information visit /find/ecal…the Information you Can Rely on Key SpecificationsMeasurement speed (35 kHz IF bandwidth)Model Frequency Points Cycle time (ms)3µs/point Updates/secondAll 1.8 GHz - 2 GHz101989111All 1.8 GHz - 2 GHz1601563518All300 kHz - 9 GHz2015728418E8362/3/4A45 MHz - 20/40/50 GHz201115/160/200746/776/9958/6/5E8362/3/4A45 MHz - 20/40/50 GHz1601135/230/25584/147/1597/4/4Data transfer speed, 32-bit binary (ms)4201 points1601 pointsCOM523 SCPI539 DCOM6314 SCPI over GPIB6957 SCPI over LAN612281.To achieve the highest dynamic range requires receiver access. Thecombination of source and receiver access allows for the highestdynamic range with full 12-term error correction.2.Port 1 = Power source from Port 1;Port 2, 3 = Typical performance power source from Port 2 or 33.Typical performance; includes retrace and band switching times withresponse calibration; full two-port calibration approximately doublescycle time4.Typical performance5.Program executed in the network analyzer6.Program executed on an external PCRF MicrowaveModel E8356/7/8A E8801/2/3A N3381/2/3A E8362/3/4AFrequency range300kHz - 3/6/9 GHz45MHz - 20/40/50 GHzNumber of ports2232Measurement receivers4344Configurable test set1Receiver access Standard Option 014Option 014Option 014Source access Option 015Option 014Option 014Option 014Extended power range Standard Option 1E1Option 1E1Option UNLHigh stability timebase Standard Option 1E5Option 1E5StandardBias tees Standard––Option UNLTime domain Option 010Option 010Option 010Option 010ECal support Yes Yes Yes NoDynamic range (at test port)Port 1/Port 2, 32300 kHz - 1 MHz125 dB125 dB125 dB/123 dB45 MHz - 2 GHz94 - 119 dB1 MHz - 3 GHz128 dB128 dB128 dB/126 dB2 GHz - 20 GHz122 dB3 GHz - 6 GHz118 dB118 dB118 dB/116 dB20 GHz - 40 GHz110 dB6 GHz - 9 GHz113 dB113 dB113 dB/113 dB40 GHz - 50 GHz104 dBDynamic range (receiver access)Port 1/Port 2, 32300 kHz - 1 MHz140 dB140 dB140 dB/138 dB45 MHz - 2 GHz132 dB1 MHz - 3 GHz143 dB143 dB143 dB/141 dB2 GHz - 20 GHz136 dB3 GHz - 6 GHz133 dB133 dB133 dB/131 dB20 GHz - 40 GHz119 dB6 GHz - 9 GHz128 dB128 dB128 dB/128 dB40 GHz - 50 GHz111 dBTrace noise (1kHz IF BW)300 kHz - 9 GHz<0.002 dB<0.002 dB<0.002 dB45 MHz - 50 GHz<0.006 dB<0.010 deg rms<0.010 deg rms<0.010 deg rms<0.1 deg rmsMaximum output powerPort 1/Port 2, 32300 kHz - 6 GHz+10 dBm+10 dBm+10 dBm/+8 dBm45 MHz - 10 GHz+5 dBm6 GHz - 9 GHz+5 dBm+5 dBm+5 dBm/+5 dBm10 GHz - 20 GHz+3 dBm20 GHz - 40 GHz-4 dBm40 GHz - 45 GHz-5 dBm45 GHz - 50 GHz-10 dBm11Key web resourcesVisit our wireless component manufacturerindustry area at:/find/wireless Visit the PNA Series home page at:/find/pnaFor further information about Agilent’s service and support products, please visit:/find/tm_servicesAdditional literaturePNA Series, RF Data Sheet, publication #5980-1236EPNA Series, RF Configuration Guide, publication #5980-1235EPNA Series, Microwave Data Sheet, publication #5988-3992ENPNA Series, Microwave Configuration Guide, publication #5988-3993ENExpand your measurement capabilities with Agilent-qualified Channel Partners.Our Channel Partners offer accessories and measurement solutions that extend your network analysis capabilities.For information about test fixtures and part handlers, contact:Inter-Continental Microwave 1515 Wyatt DriveSanta Clara, CA 95054 USA Telephone: (408) 727-1596Fax: (408) 727-0105Web site: E-mail:******************For information about probing equipment and accessories, contact:Cascade Microtech, Inc 2430 NW 206th Avenue Beaverton, OR 97006 USA Telephone: (503) 601-1000Fax: (503) 601-1002Web site: E-mail:****************Probe station (page 3) courtesy of Cascade Microtech, Inc.Part handler (page 4) courtesy of Inter-Continental MicrowaveMicrosoft ®and Windows ®2000 are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft, Corporation.Imagine What you can Achieve Using Agilent’s New Approach to Network Analysis…Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Support, Services, and AssistanceAgilent Technologies aims to maximize the value you receive, while minimizing your risk and problems. We strive to ensure that you get the test and measurement capabilities you paid for and obtain the support you need. Our extensive support resources and services can help you choose the right Agilent products for your applications and apply them successfully. Every instrument and system we sell has a global warranty. Support is available for at least five years beyond the production life of the product.Two concepts underlie Agilent's overall support policy: "Our Promise" and "Your Advantage."Our PromiseOur Promise means your Agilent test andmeasurement equipment will meet its advertised performance and functionality. When you are choosing new equipment, we will help you with product information, including realistic perform-ance specifications and practical recommendations from experienced test engineers. When you use Agilent equipment, we can verify that it works properly, help with product operation,and provide basic measurement assistance for the use of specified capabilities, at no extra cost upon request. Many self-help tools are available.Your AdvantageYour Advantage means that Agilent offers a wide range of additional expert test andmeasurement services, which you can purchase according to your unique technical and business needs.Solve problems efficiently and gain a com-petitive edge by contracting with us for calibration,extra-cost upgrades, out-of-warranty repairs,and on-site education and training, as well as design,system integration, project management, and other professional engineering services.Experienced Agilent engineers and technicians worldwide can help you maximize your productivity,optimize the return on investment of your Agilent instruments and systems, and obtain dependable measurement accuracy for the life of those products.By internet, phone, or fax, get assistance with all your test and measurement needsOnline assistance:/find/assistPhone or Fax United States:(tel) 1 800-452-4844Canada:(tel) 1 877-894-4414(fax) (905)-282-6495China:(tel) 800-810-0189(fax) 1-0800-650-0121Europe:(tel) (31 20)-547-2323(fax) (31 20)-547-2390Japan:(tel) (81)-426 56 7832(fax) (81)-426 56 7840Korea:(tel) (82-2)-2004-5004 (fax) (82-2)-2004-5115Latin America:(tel) (305)-269 7500(fax) (305)-269 7599Taiwan:(tel) 080-004-7866 (fax) (886-2)-2545-6723Other Asia Pacific Countries:(tel) (65)-375-8100 (fax) (65)-836-0252Email:*******************Product specifications and descriptions in this document subject to change without notice.© Agilent T echnologies, Inc. 2002 Printed in USA April 19, 20025968-8472E/find/emailupdates Get the latest information on the products and applications you select.。

Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪

Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪是一款高精度的仪器，可以用于测量频率、相位和电压等参数。

它采用了先进的技术，具有高灵敏度、低噪声、高可靠性和易于使用等特点。

技术特点•宽带测量范围：9 kHz-50 GHz•高分辨率：达到1 Hz•灵敏度高：最小可测功率-155 dBm•频率测量精度高：达到0.1 Hz•可记录多个信号同时测量应用领域由于Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪厂家提供了多种模块化技术，可以根据不同应用需求进行配置，因此它在许多不同的领域得到了广泛的应用。

下面是一些常见的应用领域：无线通信Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪可以用于射频、微波和毫米波领域的无线通信产品测试，如蜂窝网络测试、卫星通信等方面。

雷达信号分析在雷达信号分析领域，Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪可以评估雷达系统的特性和性能，以确定其是否符合设计需求。

晶体管测试Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪可以用于测试高频晶体管等器件的性能和参数。

电视与广播Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪还可以用于电视和广播领域，测量电视信号的品质和广播信号的覆盖范围等参数。

操作流程1.设置仪器：打开Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪，插上所需的模块，按照实验要求设置好相关参数。

2.连接设备：连接待测设备到Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪，可以通过标准的BNC接口或者其他类型的连接器进行连接。

3.系统校准：根据实验要求进行系统校准，以确保仪器的准确性。

4.开始测量：设置好测量参数后，点击“开始测量”按钮，开始采集和分析所需的信号。

数据分析Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪可以采集的数据主要有频率、相位、功率和时域等数据。

这些数据可以通过软件分析和处理，以便更好地理解和优化所测量的信号。

总结Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪是一款功能强大，应用广泛的高科技仪器。

它的高灵敏度、低噪声、高可靠性和易于使用等优点，使得它在许多领域都受到了广泛的关注和应用。

频谱分析仪使用攻略

国内频谱分析仪市场频谱分析仪简称频谱仪，是用来显示频域信号幅度的仪器，在射频领域有“射频万用表”的美称。

在射频领域，传统的万用表已经不能有效测量信号的幅度，示波器测量频率很高的信号也比较困难，而这正是频谱分析仪的强项。

频谱仪与示波器属于两种类型的仪器，示波器主要显示时域信号幅度的变化，而频谱仪显示的是频域信号幅度的变化。

对于研究射频的工程师和爱好者，频谱仪是工作的好帮手，它可以形象地展示一定频率范围内信号的幅度，可以据此发现信号的存在和不同类型信号的特征。

随着科技的发展，频谱仪也从传统的模拟线路进化到数字化频谱仪，被赋予更多的功能，以适应不断出现的复杂信号。

应用与意义频谱分析仪在射频领域应用非常广泛。

频谱仪最基本的作用就是发现和测量信号的幅度。

频谱仪可以以图示化的方式显示设定频率范围内的射频信号，信号越强，频谱仪显示的幅度也越大。

通过这种特性，频谱仪被用来搜索和发现一定频段内的射频信号，广泛应用在监测电磁环境、无线电频谱监测、电子产品电磁兼容测量、无线电发射机发射特性、信号源输出信号品质、反无线窃听器等领域。

频谱仪可以测量射频信号的多种特征参数，包括频率、选频功率、带宽、邻道功率、调制波形、场强等。

在射频信号的频率测量方面，虽然频率计是专业的设备，但遇到时分多址的信号（GSM移动电话、IDEN、TETRA的信号）、跳频的信号、宽带的信号，普通频率计无法准确计数，功率计无法及时测量，而频谱仪由于基于高速的信号捕捉，则可以有机会测量这些信号。

针对这些常见的不稳定信号，很多中高档频谱仪还在测量软件上做了优化，提供专用的自动测量工具。

由于频谱仪具有图示化射频信号的能力，频谱图可以帮助我们了解信号的特性和类型，有助于最终了解信号的调制方式和发射机的类型。

在军事领域，频谱仪在电子对抗和频谱监测中被广泛应用，不同类型的雷达信号、通信电台信号、应答机信号、“敌我”识别器信号都有各自不同特征的频谱图。

在民用无线电管理领域，通过频谱图，我们可以及时发现非法使用的频率，这比传统扫描监听的效率要高得多。

Agilent PSA系列频谱分析仪

Agilent PSA 6
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E4440A PSA 课件

[Center Freq] [Start Freq] [Stop Freq] [CF Step] [Freq Offset] [Signal Track]`
Span /X Scale
[Span] [Span Zoom] [Full Span] [Zero Span] [Last Span]
零扫宽（Zero Span）状态下，E4440A工作在时域测量模式，可显示被测信号的包络波形。
Input/Output
[Input Port] RF/Amptd Ref E4440A的测量对象 [RF Coupling] AC/DC RF输入信号耦合方式：
交流/直流
＊
[Input Port] RF为输入信号；Amptd Ref为E4440A内部参考信号，
用于仪表自校。
＊
E4440A有AC耦合和DC耦合两种输入耦合方式。这两种耦合方式
＊ E4440A中ACPR测试中，每个测量通道的频率范围、通道频率间隔等参数都在Offset/Limit菜单下定义。
＊为了保证测量结果的准确，可利用E4440A提供的参考优化（Optimizer Ref Level）功能和噪音修正功能（Noise Correction）得到稳定精确的读值。
＊ E4440A除可对单载波信号的ACPR指标进行测试，还可以对多载波信号的ACPR指标进行测试。
[PK-PKSearch] 显示所有信号峰峰值读数 [Mkr—>CF] 将Marker对应的信号移至显示中央 [Continuous PK] 峰值显示连续开关 [Search Param] 峰值信号搜索原则
Peak Search
＊利用Search param功能可以方便地规定信号搜索原则。

Agilent ESA系列频谱分析仪

Agilent ESA 系列频谱分析仪
可提供交货迅速且具有最佳价值的三种 express 分析仪
针对您的需要灵活选择正确的功能等级
· 0.4 dB 幅度精度 · 10 kHz 偏移处的相位噪声为 -101 dBc/Hz · 快速扫描，在频域内最短时间为 1 ms 的扫描速度 · 5 发钟预热即达到保证的性能 · 内置功率测量的各种设置 · 噪声系数和相位噪声的集成测量（选件） · 可提供 RMS、准峰值 / 峰值检测器和 EMI 带宽选择 · 内置帮助功能 · 全球客户支持
频率间隔 400 kHz 400 kHz 1 kHz 100 MHz
RBW 3 kHz 3 kHz 10 Hz 1 MHz
扫描点数 401 8192 8192 8192
选件 1D5 无有有有
频率读出精度 5.46 kHz 2.15 kHz 47 Hz 665 kHz
极宽的测量范围和动态范围
频谱分析仪的测量范围由以下两种方式来进行测试：
ESA包括大量基于标准的测试设置的选择，设置
包括下列格式：
·cdmaOne (IS-95A/C) ·cdmaOne (J-STD-008) ·NADC ·GSM/EDGE ·W-CDMA 3GPP ·cdma2000 SR1 ·cdma2000 SR3-MC ·cdma2000 SR3-DS ·PDC ·Bluetooth（蓝牙） ·TETRA ·WLAN 802.11a, b, g ·HiperLAN/2 ·DVB-T
ESA 的可选用准峰值检波器使用户能验证其被测件（DUT）的电磁干扰（EMI）性能，从而使ESA 成为用于所有各类设计和验证测试的灵活工具。
如果你想选择一个带有专用测量步骤和 EMI 软件的专用 EMI 仪器，E7400A系列EMC预兼容分析仪更为适合。

Agilent频谱分析仪基础

Agilent频谱分析仪基础目录Agilent频谱分析仪基础目录 1目录 2第1章简介5频域与时域 5什么是频谱？ 6为什么测量频谱？7测试种类8信号分析仪的类型8第二章：频谱分析仪的基本组成9 RF衰减器11低通滤波器/预选器12调节分析仪12中频增益14分解信号15模拟滤波器15数字滤波器17FM残留17相位噪声18扫描时间19模拟分辨滤波器19数字分辨滤波器20包络检测器20显示器21检测器类型22采样检测22峰值（正）检测23负峰值检测23普通检测23平均检测24平均及准峰值检测24均匀化处理24视频滤波24轨迹均匀化25时间控制26为什么需要时间控制26第三章数字中频概述27数字滤波器27全数字中频28传统信号处理IC 28附加视频处理特色28频率计数28关于全数字中频的更多优点28第四章幅度与频率的准确度29相对不确定度30绝对幅度精确度30提高总体不确定度31规范，典型值，标称值31数字IF部分31RBW开关不确定度32频率准确度32第5章灵敏度与噪声32灵敏度32噪声系数34噪声信号34预放对噪声测量的影响35第6章动态范围35定义35动态范围与内部失真35衰减器测试36噪声36动态范围与测量不确定度36增益压缩36显示范围与测量范围36邻信道功率测量37第7章扩展频率范围37内部谐波混频37预选37幅度校准37相位噪声38增加动态范围38加上及减去预选38扩展谐波混频38信号识别38第8章现代频谱分析仪38特别应用测量39数字调制分析39保存并打印数据39数据传输与远程控制39固件升级39校准，发现并修理故障，诊断，修复39总结39术语表40第1章简介本文致力于解说下列内容：超外差频谱分析仪基本功能、目前最先进的频谱分析仪的功能。

从最基本的层次来说，频谱分析仪可以被描述为：一个频率选择、被校准了的峰值响应电压计，用以测量并显示正玄波。

但是有一点需要注意，频谱仪虽然能够直接的显示功率大小，但它不是一个功率计。

航天器多路射频频谱自动监测系统设计

航天器多路射频频谱自动监测系统设计李宏亮;魏邦友;张亚非;彭超然【摘要】A spacecraft multi-RF electrical spectrum automatic monitoring and measuring system has been designed in order to improve the efficiency of spacecraft RF signals monitoring and measuring.RF spectrum is measured by the spectrum analyzer,and the difterent RF signal channels are switched by the microwave switch matrix equipment.A multi RF spectrum automatic monitoring and measuring software has been developed to control the whole system and perform read-write operation of data.Automatic monitoring and measuring of 15 RF signal spectrums with frequency range between 50 MHz and 3 GHz is implemented.The efficiency of spacecraft RF signal monitoring is improved significantly,with the time cost reducing from 3min/channel to 10 s/channel and manpower saving from 2 to 1.This system has been applied in testing of Chinese space station.%为提高航天器测试时射频信号监测效率,提出了一种航天器多路射频频谱自动监测系统;该系统由频谱分析仪进行射频信号频谱测量,由微波开关切换矩阵进行不同射频信号通路切换,通过自主设计的多路射频频谱自动监测软件对系统进行实时控制和数据读取,实现了多达15路、50 MHz～3 GHz频率范围内射频信号的频谱自动监测;测试用时从原来3 min/信号通道减少至10 s/信号通道,人力从2人减少到1人,有效地提高了航天器射频信号监测效率;该系统已应用于空间站工程测试中.【期刊名称】《计算机测量与控制》【年(卷),期】2017(025)012【总页数】5页(P1-4,33)【关键词】航天器;多路射频;频谱;自动监测;空间站【作者】李宏亮;魏邦友;张亚非;彭超然【作者单位】中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部,北京100094;中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部,北京100094;中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部,北京100094;中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部,北京100094【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TM931射频信号的监测在无线通信、信号广播、航天器测控等领域具有重要的意义，通过信号的实时监测可迅速掌握系统状态。

频谱分析仪的分类

频谱分析仪的分类秦顺友（中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所，石家庄050081）频谱分析仪是用来分析信号中所含有的频率成份的专用仪器。

随着无线电和电子技术的不断发展，频谱分析仪的技术性能和测试功能日益完善。

目前一些新颖高档的频谱分析仪具有大频率测量范围，高的准确度、灵敏度以及稳定度，可用来测量信号的许多参数。

如功率测量、频率测量、调制测量、失真测量、噪声测量、EMC/EMI测量等等。

频谱分析仪按其结构原理可分为两大类，即模拟式频谱分析仪和数字式频谱分析仪。

早期的频谱分析仪属于模拟式，目前模拟式频谱分析仪仍在广泛使用。

数字式频谱分析仪是以数字滤波器或FFT为基础构成的，由于数字式频谱分析仪受到数字系统的工作速度的限制，因此此类频谱分析仪多半使用于低频段。

此外，现代一些新颖高档的频谱分析仪，即能用来测量低频信号，又能用来测量高频信号，其结构属于以上两种类型的混合，常称为“模拟数字”混合式频谱分析仪。

依据频谱分析仪的实现方法和频谱测试的实现技术，频谱分析仪一般可分为：带通滤波器分析仪、快速傅立叶变换（FFT）分析仪、扫频式频谱分析仪和实时频谱分析仪。

1. 带通滤波器分析仪早期实现频谱分析仪的方法就是将待测信号同时引入一系列带宽相同，但中心频率以带宽为步进等差递增的带通滤波器，再分别通过各频率检波器检波，得到各频率点功率的大小，最后再通过显示屏显示出来。

这种频谱分析仪称为带通滤波器频谱分析仪。

图1所示为带通滤波器分析仪的原理方框图。

按照此图进行工作的分析仪，称为带通滤波器频谱分析仪。

带通滤波器频谱分析仪的最小频率分辨带宽是由带通滤波器的带宽决定的。

假设带通滤波器的带宽是100kHz，那么带通滤波器频谱分析仪的频率精度只有100kHz。

这是因为多条频率的功率谱线如果出现同一带通滤波器的100kHz频率范围内，那么带通滤波器的频谱分析仪的测试结果在此100kHz范围内，只显示一条功率谱线，带通滤波器将测出其频率范围内的能量，而不管多少频谱分量产生这一总能量。

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