英语语法-助动词和情态动词用法及习题
高考英语语法--助动词及情态动词
ⅡAuxiliary & modal verbsExercise 1: Multiple Choice1 I have lost one of my gloves. I _______it somewhere.A. must dropB. must have droppedC. must be droppingD. must have been dropped2 The boy spent as much time watching TV as he _______studying.A. doesB. hadC. wasD. did3 I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A. shouldn’tB. couldn’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t4 When he was there, he _______go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD. might5 —Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?—Thank you. _______.A. It couldn’t be betterB. Of course you canC. If you likeD. It’s up to you.6 He _______to meet us at the station, but didn’t see us.A. did goB. did wentC. goesD. had gone7 You _______be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour.A. must notB. won’tC. can’tD. may not8 Mary keeps talking about the party. She had a very good time, _______ she?A. hadn’tB. hadC. didn’tD. did9 —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. _______i go out and play with Tom for a while?—No, I’m afraid not. Besides, It’s raining outside now.A. Can’tB. Wouldn’tC. May notD. Won’t10 It’s wonderful that you _______have achieved so much in these years.A. mayB. canC. shouldD. would11 I _______pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Saturday.A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. could12 I’d be glad if you _______give me an account of the fact.A. shallB. shouldC. wouldD. may13 —Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?—No, it _______be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.A. can’tB. must notC. won’tD. may not14 You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______not like the design of the furniture.A. mustB. shallC. mayD. need15 How _______you say you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A. canB. mustC. needD. may16—Why! I _______get you on the phone.—We _______basketball on the playground when you phoned.A. didn’t; must be playingB. couldn’t; must be playingC. couldn’t; must have playedD. didn’t/must have been playing17 Often, when he _______something that _______him, he wasted his time drawing some little pictures.A. should be doing; gaveB. should have been doing; was givenC. should do; was givenD. should have been doing; had given18 If I ever decided to quit, then nothing my parents or my coaches ___________say_________change my mind. It’s my life, not theirs.A. could; wouldB. could; shouldC. would; mustD. would; should19 Jenny _______with him at that time, for I was having dinner with her in my home.A. can’t have beenB. mustn’t have beenC. must have beenD. may have been20 —Who _______it be at this hour of a day?A. mayB. canC. mustD. should21 —Who told you the news?—I don’t remember clearly. It _______Mary.—It _______Mary. She doesn’t know it.A. may have been; can’t beB. can be; mustn’t beC. must have been; can’t have beenD. may have been; may not be22 He _______have completed his work, otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. shouldB. mustC. wouldn’tD. can’t23 Some aspects of a pilot’s job_______be boring, and pilots often _______work at inconvenient hours.A. can; have toB. may; canC. have to; mayD. ought to; must24 As you worked late yesterday, you _______have come this morning.A. needn’tB. mayn’tC. can’tD. mustn’t25 Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _______during the day.A. should have doneB. would have doneC. may have doneD. must have done26 Tom, you _______leave all your clothes on the floor like this.A. wouldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not27 My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he_______your lecture.A. couldn’t have attendedB. needn’t have attendedC. mustn’t have attendedD. shouldn’t have attended28 If I _______plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to travel as much as possible.A. wouldB. couldC. has toD. ought to29 —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.—Oh, dear! She _______a lot of difficulties.A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone through30 Mr. White _______at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.A. should have arrivedB. should arriveC. should have had arrivedD. should be arriving31 ----Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.----Well. He _____ have gone far---his coat’s still here.A. shouldn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. wouldn’t32 There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You _____ come, but why didn’t you?A. must haveB. shouldC. need haveD. ought to have33 —I don’t mind telling you what I know.—You _______. I’m not asking for it.A. mustn’tB. may notC. cantD. needn’t34 Mary _______my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.A. has receivedB. ought to have receivedC. couldn’t have receivedD. shouldn’t have received35 Carey didn’t go to the party last night because she _______the baby for her sister until 9:30.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after36 My pain _______ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feelingall right?”A. must beB. hadC. must have beenD. had to be37 As it turned out to be a small house party, we _______ so formally.A. needn’t dress upB. did not need have dressed upC. did not need dress upD. needn’t have dressed up38 The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _____ be very slow.A. shouldB. mustC. willD. can39 Mary is very late, she _____.A. may miss her trainB. may have missed her trai nC. must miss her trainD. could miss her train40 —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.—You _______her last week.A. ought to tellB. would have toldC. must tellD. should have told41 Some women _______a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decide not to work for the sake of the family.A. must makeB. should have madeC. would makeD. could have made42 You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would43 How _____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A. canB. mustC. needD. may44 I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.A. should have been doingB. must have been doingC. could have doneD. would have done45 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _____ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A. should have takenB. could have takenC. needn’t have takenD. mustn’t have taken46 There __________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A. mustn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t47 Tom, you _____leave all your clothes on the floor like this！A. wouldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not48 A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. shouldB. canC. mustD. will49 He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.A. couldB. wouldC. mustD. need50 Has it been warned that all the children in this area ____ stay at their homes until the Bird Flu has been controlled?A. canB. willC. mayD. shallExercise 2: Error-Correction1 That small country at one time must be prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.2 In a way I agree with you, but I think you could present your argument in a much better way.3 I regret having left the work unfinished I should plan everything ahead carefully4 A piece of evidence shows that life may exist on earth ago.5 I got up early but I didn't need to do so, because I had no work to do that morning.6 He knew that she mustn't have taken the book as she hadn't been in the house at that time.7 Tom has been knocked down by a car. He shouldn’t run across the street without looking around, you8 Judging by the noise that is coming from their room, I think that they must have a party.9 No statement was issued after yesterday’s talk, but it is thought that the two parties might be reaching an agreement.10 She mustn’t have been to Shanghai for business trip for I came across him in company half an hour ago. Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into English1 电话正在响，但是没人接听。
高考语法-情态动词与助动词
高考语法——情态动词(can, may, must…)与助动词（be, do, have）一、“情态动词+动词完成式”用法1. may (might)+动词完成式：对过去行为的推测E.g. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.2. can (could) +动词完成式:1) 表示对过去能做而未做的事，表示惋惜。
E.g. In those circumstances we could have done better.2) 对过去行为的推测E.g. Where can (could) she have gone?注意：can't和couldn't+动词原形：可以表示否定推断。
E.g. He can't be the President.3. must +动词完成式: 对过去行为的推断，具有极大可能性，意为“一定”E.g. He must have undergone an ordeal no one can imagined.注意：“must + 动词原形”表示对现在行为的推测；“must be +现在分词”表示对现在正在进行的或未来的推测。
E.g. She looks happy; she must be having a good time.It must be raining tomorrow according to the weather forecast.4. “needn't + 动词完成式”和“didn't need to do”1) “needn't + 动词完成式”表示一种已经做过的但无必要的行为E.g. You needn't have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.2) "didn't need to do" 表示没有必要做，实际上也没有做的行为E.g. I didn't need to mop the floor. My mom did it.5. "Should + 动词完成式"：肯定结构表示应该做的事而没有做，否定式表示某行为不该发生却发生了。
情态动词和助动词的用法详解及练习
助动词的用法总结及讲解一．助动词：情态助动词，基础助动词助动词的定义：助动词和情态动词都是英语中特殊动词，即：不能再句子中独立充当句子成分。
而是与实义动词一起使用构成复合用语。
常配合主要动词，协助构成否定句，疑问句，强调句，时态，语态等语法形式。
基础助动词有：be, do情态助动词基本用法总结：二．助动词的功能助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：a. 表示时态，例如：What are you reading?（你正在阅读什么？）I am reading a magazine.（我正在阅读杂志。
）He is singing. 他在唱歌。
We are working hard in the garden.（构成现在进行时）b. 构成疑问句，例如：Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？Do you live in Shanghai?c. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
助动词练习一． +句子剩余部分。
1.2.She is a lovely girl. ________________________________________3.We are classmates. ______________________________________4.I am a doctor. ________________________________________5.There is a bird in the tree. ________________________________6.They are good friends. ____________________________________7.I love my parents. _______________________________________9. We have a pleasant home. _______________________________10.They go to church on Sunday. _____________________________11.You are a singer. ______________________________二. 用do does be 填空1． _____ she know all the answers ?Yes , she ____ . No, she _____.2． _____ the twins often fight ?Yes ,_____ do. No, _____ don’t.3． _____ your dad like listening to music?Yes ,____ does . No, _____ doesn’t.4． _____ you have a new teacher?Yes , I ______. No, I ______.5． _____ she a teacher?Yes, she _____ . No, she _____.6． _____ your father smoking in the living room?Yes, ____ is .No, he _____.情态助动词练习二．选择1.（）－Dad, may I watch TV?－No, you can’t. You _______ finish your homework first.A. mustB. canC. may2.( ) —Must I be home before eight o'clock, Mum?— No, you_____. But you have to come back before ten o'clock.A. needn'tB. can'tC. mustn't3.( ) —_________ I borrow your history book?—Sure. Here you are.A. MustB. MayC. NeedD. Will4.（） you like some bread ?A . Would B. Could C . Can5.（）We throw the waste in the zoo.A. can’tB. don'tC. mustn’t6. ( ) We should more flowers, and we shoul dn’t cut any flowers.A. plantB. plantingC. plants7. ( ) May I have some water?A. Yes,you have.B. Yes,you can.C. Yes,certainly.8. ( ) Shall we work on the farm ?A. Yes, we do.B. Yes, we shall. B. All right.9. ( ) Would you have something to announce?A. Yes, we would.B. Yes, I’d like .C.Yes, of course.10. ( ) Can I help you?A.Yes, you can.B.No, I can do it.C.Yes. I’d like some oranges. 三．填空1. Must I stand up? No, you ________.2. ________ I speak something? Yes, you ________.3. ________ I leave the park now? No, you _________ stay here.4. My grandmother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.5. ________ you like some juice?6. They ________ take more exercise.7. ________ you tell me the way to the museum?8. The watch ________ tell us the right time.9. ________ you like to go boating with us?10. ________ we play chess next weekend?四．按要求改写句子。
英语语法助动词用法助动词练习题及答案
英语语法助动词用法助动词练习题及答案5.1 系动词系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语。
例如：He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。
（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。
）He fell off the ladder.他从梯子上摔下来。
fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。
1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。
例如：He is a teacher.他是一名教师。
（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。
）2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。
例如：He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery.此事仍是一个谜。
3）表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。
例如：He looks tired.他看起来很累。
He seems （to be）very sad.他看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。
例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。
例如：He became mad after that.自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time.她没多长时间就富了。
be动词、助动词、情态动词用法总结及练习
千里之行，始于足下。
be动词、助动词、情态动词用法总结及练习动词是英语中最重要的词类之一。
在动词中，有一些特殊的类型，包括be动词、助动词和情态动词。
它们有着特定的用法和功能。
下面是对这些特殊动词的用法总结，以及一些练习来挂念巩固学问。
1. Be动词的用法：- 表示存在或状态：I am a student.（我是一名同学。
）- 表示身份、职业或特征：She is a doctor.（她是一名医生。
）- 表示时态和语态：He was playing basketball.（他正在打篮球。
）The book is being read by her.（这本书正在被她读。
）- 表示位置：The pen is on the table.（钢笔在桌子上。
）2. 助动词的用法：- be, do, have：用于构成时态、语态和否定句等：She is studying for the exam.（她正在为考试复习。
） I don't like coffee.（我不宠爱咖啡。
）- Modal verbs（情态动词）：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would等。
它们用于表示力量、可能性、义务、建议、恳求等：You should go to bed early.（你应当早睡。
） He can speak three languages.（他会说三种语言。
）3. 情态动词的用法：- can：表示力量、许可或可能性。
I can swim.（我会游泳。
） Can Iuse your pen?（我可以用你的笔吗？）- could：过去式，表示过去的力量或可能性。
When I was young, Icould run very fast.（我年轻时跑得很快。
）- may: 表示许可或可能性。
You may use my computer.（你可以用我的电脑。
2020-2021学年人教版初中英语语法——第10章助动词和情态动词
Do you like college life？你喜欢大学生活吗？（构成疑定句）He is studying English.他正在学英语。
（表示时态）A building was built beside the school.学校旁边建了一座大楼。
（表示语态）Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定要来参加聚会。
（加强语气）英语中的助动词主要有：do，does，did；be；have，has，had，will，would，shall，should等。
1.助动词 do，does，did的7种用法（1）do，does，did用来构成一般疑问句do，does用于一般现在时态，did用于一般过去时态；do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中，does只用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中。
如：Do you want to have a try？你想要试一试吗？Does she have any good idea？她有好主意吗？Did you study German？你们学德语了吗？（2）do，does，did+not 构成否定句do，does用于一般现在时态，did用于一般过去时态；do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中，does只用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中。
如：I do not want to go there now.我现在不想去那里。
He doesn't like playing the guitar.他不喜欢弹吉他。
In the past，many students did not know the importance of English.过去，许多学生不知道英语的重要性。
注意：①do not可以缩写为don't；does not可缩写为doesn't；did not可缩写为didn't。
②助动词do，does，did后要用动词原形。
2023年中考英语语法---动词及动词短语专题复习及练习题(含答案)
2023年中考英语语法---动词及动词短语专题复习及练习题（含答案）一、动词的基本框架动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词：及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly.我们叫这只鸟Polly。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。
注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。
2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。
Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物动词)We study hard.我们努力学习。
(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
①动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。
此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。
②动词+副词+介词Let’s go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
be动词、助动词、情态动词用法总结及练习(答案)
助动词do/does
什么是助动词？
顾名思义，助动词就是帮助动词的，而本身没有 实际意义的动词，是具有雷锋精神的词汇。
助动词do的三种变化形式
do 第三人称单数时使用的does 过去式did
do的基本用法：
1 构成否定句 2 构成一般疑问句及回答 3 构成特殊疑问句
do的各种形式
肯定式：do 否定式：don't/do not do用在第一人称单复数、第二人称单复数和第三人称复 数作主语，且时态为一般现在时的句子，如：
4. shall的用法
1)shall常用于第一人称，表示简单的将来，构成将来时态。(助词)
ex: I shall think it over and let you know my idea.
When shall we meet again?
We shall have a good time in the park. 2) shall用于第一人称，还可以表示征求对方的意愿。
ex: My brother is ill, so I have to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 2) have to有人称、时态和单复数上的变化，而must只有一种形式。
have to → had to I have to/she has to
shall和will的对比
1）shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成将来时。如： I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力学习英语。 He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。
2）以前的语法中，shall用于第一人称，will只用于第二、第三人称。现在，尤其 是在口语中，will常用于第一人称，但shall只用于第一人称，如果用于第二、第三 人称，就不再有“将要”的意义，就变成命令、警告或威胁的意思了。
(完整版)情态动词用法及其练习与答案
情态动词情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。
情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
一、can, could1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
如：Can you lift this heavy box? （体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）Can you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替。
Can只有一般现在式和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
如：I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。
如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.此时可与may互换。
在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They’ve changed the ti metable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
助动词用法及练习
be动词，情态动词，助动词do/does的用法区别及练习助动词，顾名思义就是帮助动词完成疑问及否定的，本身没有什么含义。
主要的助动词有be,do,will,have等，其用法详述如下：一、⑴由连系动词am，is，are构成的句子：变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。
变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。
例如：肯定句:He is a student.一般疑问句: Is he a student?否定句: He is not a student.画线提问: 对he提问: Who is a student?对 a student 提问: What is he?(2)was 是am,is的过去式，were是are的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。
二、(1) 由情态动词can, may,will ，shall等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把 can, may,will ，shall提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可.变否定句时直接在can,may,后面加not即可. 例如:肯定句: She can swim.一般疑问句: Can she swim?否定句: She can not swim.画线提问: 对she提问: Who can swim?对swim提问: What can she do?（2）could,might,would,should是can,may,will,shall的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。
三、（1）由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时把don’t/doesn’t放在动词的前面。
要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。
一般疑问句和否定句的动词三单式都要变回原型。
play-----do plays-----does例如:肯定句: They play football after school. He plays football after school.一般疑问句: Do they play football after school? Does he play football after school?否定句: They don't (do not) play football after school. He doesn’t’ play football after school.画线提问: 对they/he提问: Who plays football after school?对play football提问: What do they do after school? What does he do after school?对after school提问: When do they play football? When does he play football?（2）did是do和did的过去式，变一般疑问句时把did放在句子前面.变否定句时把didn’t放在动词的前面, 要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。
小学英语助动词do、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习
小学英语助动词do、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习第一篇：小学英语助动词do、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习变一般疑问句：1.I want to pass the test?2.He studied German.3.She likes swim.4.They do homework everyday.变否定句1.I want to go to the concert today.2.He likes learning English.3.Many students heard the song.4.Open your books.作出肯定回答与否定回答。
1.----Do you like Beijing?2.Does he go to school by bike?3.Did you read the book? 1(一)用适当的情态动词填空。
1.Must I stand up? No, you ________.2.________ I speak something? Yes, you ________.3.________ I leave the park now? No, you _________ stay here.4.My grandmother is ill.I _________ stay at home and look after her.5.________ you like some juice?6.They ________ take more exercise.7.________ you tell me the way to the museum?8.The watch ________ tell us the right time.9.________ you like to go boating with us? 10.________ we play chess next weekend?(二)按要求改写句子。
小学英语语法详解动词（2）——助动词和情态动词
小学英语语法详解动词（2）——助动词和情态动词助动词和情态动词三、助动词助动词协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组，是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用。
最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, will, shall, should等，它们表示不同的时态和语态。
其中be、do、have 是最基本的，它们没有词汇意义，只有语法作用，如协助构成进行体、完成体、被动态、否定句和疑问句等。
1.表示时态He is dancing.他在跳舞。
He has gone to London.他已去了伦敦。
2.表示语态The letter was sent to England.信被寄往英国。
The dog is lost.小狗被弄丢了。
3.用作构成疑问句Do you like coffee？你喜欢咖啡吗？Did you father have dinner with you？你父亲和你一起吃晚饭了吗？4.与否定副词not合用，构成否定句I don’t ike him.我不喜欢他。
He didn’t catch the bus.他没有赶上车。
5.加强语气In fact, I do weep a little.实际上，我的确哭了一会儿。
I do love you.我确实很爱你。
6. shall 和 will 的助动词用法1）shall 和 will 作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时I shall write a letter to my grandmother.我将给我的祖母写一封信。
He will go to Sydney.他要去悉尼。
2）shall 在疑问句中，用于第一人称比较多，用来征求对方意愿Shall I turn on the light？我可以把灯打开吗？Shall we go shopping？我们去购物好吗？四.情态动词情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。
初中英语情态动词详细用法归纳(含练习及答案)
初中英语情态动词详细用法归纳（含练习及答案）情态动词有具体的词义, 但也同助动词一样, 需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语, 另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化, 情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
1.ca.的用法:（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性.表示能力时一般译为“能、会”.即有种能力, 尤其是生来具备的能力.如：Sh.ca.swi.fast.bu..can’.. 她能游得很快, 但我不能。
.ca.se.wit.m.eyes.我用眼睛看。
could是can的过去式。
表示过去的能力.b.abl.t.d.sth.常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。
is/am/ar.abl.t.d.sthwas/were able to do sth.（2）.表示许可, 常在口语中。
如: .m.dictionary..你可以用我的字典。
（3）.表示推测, 可能性, 意为“可能”.常用于否定句和疑问句中.此时can’.译为.不可能”.如：Ca.th.new.b.true.这个消息会是真的吗？—Ca.i.b.ou.teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No.i.can’.b.ou.teacher.H.i.o..visi.t.th.Grea.Wall.不可能。
咱们老师正在游览长城呢。
【例题】—.thin.Mis.Ga.mus.b.i.th.library.Sh.sai.sh.woul.g.there.—No.Sh.__b.there..hav.jus.bee.there..A.can’.B.mustn’.C.needn’.D.wouldn’t【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知, 应为“不可能”, can’t 表示推测[答案] Acould的用法:（1）.can的过去式, 意为.能.会”, 表示过去的能力。
如: H.coul.writ.poem.whe.h.wa.10. 他十岁时就会写诗。
（2）.could在疑问句中, 表示委婉的语气, 此.coul.没有过去式的意思。
第十四章助动词和情态动词(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十四章助动词和情态动词思维导图知识梳理一、助动词(一)概说助动词不能单独作谓语,本身没有词义,也不表示动作,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其他语法关系.助动词的分类及其变化形式:助动词变化形式Be am, are, is; was, were; been, beingHave has, had, havingDo does, did; done, doingShall shouldWill would1.助动词be有八种形式肯定式缩略肯定式否定式缩略否定式原形be －－－现在式第一人称单数I am ‘m am not ‘m not 现在式第三人称单数he, she, it is ‘s is not isn't/'s not现在式第二人称单、复数和第一、三人称复数are ‘re are not aren't/'re not you, we, they过去式第一、三人称单数I, he, she, it －was was not wasn't过去式第二人称单、复数和第一、三人称复数were －were not weren't you, we, they现在分词being －not being －过去分词been －not been －(1)与现在分词构成各种进行时态以及与have和现在分词构成完成进行时态.You are working hard today.你们今天干得很努力.Is Su Ming working this week?本周苏明上班了吗?What have you been doing these days?这几天来你在干什么?(2)与过去分词构成被动语态.A new computer has been bought by the office.办公室已购买了一台新电脑.He was been invited to teach at a university there.他被邀请在那儿的一所大学任教.Such books are written for children.这种书是为儿童写的.(3)与形容词、名词、代词、从句等构成“系＋表”结构.My job is very interesting and I like it very much. But sometimes it's boring.我的工作很有趣,我非常喜欢它,可有时候也令人烦.(4)与动词不定式构成谓语.The new text seems to be easy, but actually, it is rather difficult.这篇新课文好像很容易,其实相当难.These books are not to be taken out of the room.这些书不得带出室外.2.助动词have有五种形式肯定式缩略肯定式否定式缩略否定式原形have ‘ve haven't/'ve not have not 现在式第三人称单数has ‘s has not hasn't/'s not 过去式had ‘d had not hadn't/'d not 现在分词having －not having －过去分词had －－－We've known each other since 1987.我们从1987年起就互相熟悉了.He's been to Shanghai.他去过上海.We have not seen each other since I left Beijing.自从我离开北京,我们就没见过面.By the end of last month, we had studied English for two years.到上月底,我们已经学习了两年英语了.(2)和动词不定式连用构成谓语,表示因客观环境促使不得不做的事.The bus has left, and if we want to catch the train, we'll have to take a taxi.公交车开走了,假如想赶上那趟火车,我们不得不打的.点拨have还可用作实义动词,表示“有”“吃”等含义.Would you like to have some beer?你想喝点啤酒吗?We're having breakfast.我们正在吃早饭.3.助动词do有三种形式肯定式否定式缩略否定式原形do do not don't现在式第三人称单数does does not doesn't 过去式did did not didn'tDo you know what they are talking about?你知道他们在谈论什么吗?What question did he ask you?他问你什么问题?(2)构成一般现在时和一般过去时的否定句.He doesn't want to go there, neither do they. 他不想去那儿,他们也不想.He didn't come to school last Monday.上星期一他没来上学.(3)代替前面刚出现的动词,以避免重复.-Do you learn English?你学习英语吗?-Yes, I do.是的,我学习英语.This material looks nice. So does that one.这料子看来很好.那种也很好.(4)用于加强语气,表示强调(多用于肯定式中).Do come and join us.一定要来参加我们的活动.I do think you are right.我的确认为你是对的.I do like you.我真的喜欢你.点拨do还可用作实义动词,表示“做、干”等含义.(1)They went out to do some shopping.他们外出买东西去了.(2)Would you please do me a favour?你愿帮我一个忙吗?should)和肯定式缩略肯定式否定式缩略否定式Shall ‘11shall not shan'tShould ‘d should not shouldn'tWill ‘11will not won't/'ll notwould ‘d would not Wouldn’t/’d not称.在今日英语中,shall常被will替代.Will you close the door, please?请关上门好吗?Shall I open the door? It's stuffy in the room.我打开门好吗?房间里很闷.When will Mike arrive here tomorrow?迈克明天什么时候到达这里?He will arrive here at three o'clock tomorrow.他明天三点钟到达这里.(2)“should/would+动词原形”,构成过去将来时.should作为“shall”的过去形式,用于单复数第一人称;would作为“will”的过去式,可用于各人称.They said that they would finish it soon.他们说很快就要做完了.Did you ask Kate when they would return?你问没问凯特他们什么时候返回来?点拔will可表示某种倾向或习惯性动作The door won't shut.门关不上.Fish will die out of water.鱼离开水不能活.二、情态动词(一)概说情态动词表示说话人的语气和观点.情态动词有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,它必须和表示动作或状态的不带to的不定式(ought除外)连用,构成复合谓语.情态动词只有情态意义,即它表示说话人对动作的观点,如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等.情态动词主要有:can(could),may(might),must, ought to, need, dare(dared), have to(had to).此外shall, will, should, would在一定场合下也可用作情态动词.(二)情态动词具有以下特征1.在形式上,情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化,只有could, would, had to, might, should等几个过去式.其他如must, ought to等的过去式皆与现在式同形,且在各种人称后都用同样的形式2.在意义上,大多数情态动词有多个意义.如can可表示“能够”“可能”“允许”等,may可表示“可能”“允许”“目的”“让步”等3.在用法上,情态动词(除ought跟不定式外)与助动词一样,须后接动词原形,而构成谓语动词(三)情态动词的用法1.can的用法(1)表示能力“会、能”等.The hall can hold at least 2000 people.这个大厅至少能容纳2000人.Can you drive a car?你会开车吗?点拨(1)can和be able to都可表示“能力”,意思上相同.但can只有现在式和过去式(could)两种形式,如需用其他时态,用be able to代替.He can still be alive.他可能还活着.He can't be poor.他不可能贫穷.He has not been able to finish the work in time.他没能及时完成工作.I'll be able to see you tomorrow,我明天将能去看你.(2)如果我们要表示一个动作成功地完成了,那么必须使用was able to,而不能用could.He was able to leave Europe before the war began.他设法在战前离开了欧洲.He was able to go to Paris yesterday and he enjoyed himself very much.他昨天设法去了巴黎,而且他玩得非常高兴.(3)在否定句中could与be able to两者意思一样.I could nor swim to the other side of the river.I wasn't able to swim to the other side of the river.我没能游到河的对岸去.(4)can/could不应与be able to同时使用.(2)表示“建议”或“请求”,可用can I...或can you...等结构,语气比较客气.Can I go swimming today, please, Mum?妈妈,我今天可以去游泳吗?Can I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车用一下吗?(3)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度(主要用于否定句和疑问句).No, no, this can't be true.不,不,这不可能是真的.How can you be so careless?你怎么能这样粗心呢?(4)表示“允许”或“请求允许”,其意思相当于may(可以),但can比may用得更广泛,can不仅表示说话人同意、允许,还可表示客观条件的许可.may通常表示说话人的许可.No one can smoke in the office.在办公室里任何人都不能吸烟.That sort of thing can't go on like this.那样的事不能再这样继续下去.2.could的用法(1)could是can的过去式,表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性.He couldn't go that day.那天他不可能去.(可能性)I could drive a car before I left school.毕业前我就会开车了.(能力)(2)用于现在时和将来时,代替can;表示更为客气、婉转地提出请求或陈述看法,有时则表示可能性不大.Could you tell me where I can change some money?你能告诉我在哪儿能换钱吗?Could you sign here please, Sir?先生,请在这儿签字好吗?3.may的用法(1)表示客气或委婉的请求时用may,回答时也用may就会显得冷淡、不客气,所以最好避之而改用热情、客气的答语.-May I come in?我可以进来吗?-Yes, please.可以,请进.-May I borrow your bicycle?我可以借用一下你的自行车吗?-Certainly.当然可以.(2)表示“可以”即表示说话人同意、许可,或在疑问句中,征询对方的许可.其否定式可用may not.但在表示“不可以”“不许”“禁止”“阻止”等意思时,常用must not(mustn't)代替may not.-May I take this book out of the reading-room?这本书我可以带出阅览室吗?-No, you mustn't.不可以.(3)表示可能.用来表示一件事或许会发生,或是某种情况可能会存在.通常只用于肯定或否定陈述句中,而不用于疑问句中.It may rain today.今天可能下雨.You may have another cake.你可以再吃一块蛋糕.She may not go to the concert tonight.今晚她可能不去听音乐会了.(4)表示祝愿.May you succeed!祝你成功！May all your dreams come true!愿你的理想都成为现实！4.might的用法(1)作为may的过去式,用来表示过去的“可能”和“允许”,多用于间接引语.He said that the news might be true.他说这消息可能是真的.She asked if she might have my bike.她问是否可以借用我的自行车.(2)代替may,表示可以做的事或可能发生的事.也可用于有礼貌地提出建议或请求,意为“可以”,在这种情况下,may和might无时间上的差别,只是更客气或更婉转些.They might have a lot of work to do.他们可能有很多事要做.Might I have a word with you?我可以同你说句话吗?5.must的用法(1)表示“必须”“应当”.用第一人称时,表示说话人认为有义务、有必要做某事.用第二、三人称时,表示说话人命令或要求别人做某事;在疑问句中,表示询问对方的意图.We must love our country.我们要爱国.I must take a day off tomorrow.我明天必须请假一天.Soldiers must obey orders.士兵必须服从命令.(2)must的否定式(mustn't)表示“不应该”“不许可”“不准”“禁止”等,语气比较强烈.You mustn't speak loudly in the library.不许在图书馆大声喧哗.We mustn't waste our time.我们不应该浪费我们的时间.点拨对must问句的否定回答,需要用;need not(needn't)不需要,或don't have to不必.-Must I do my homework now?我现在必须做作业吗?-Yes, you must.是的,你非做不可.-No, you needn't(need not)./don't have to.不,你不必现在做.(3)表示肯定的揣测(只用于肯定句):一定、准是、必定.The lady must be a doctor.那个女人一定是个医生.He hasn't come yet. He must be ill.他还没来,准是病了.Miss Gao must be in the office.高老师一定在办公室里.This must be Wang Hai's book.这一定是王海的书.点拨(1)表示现在对已发生过的事情的推测,一般用“must+have+过去分词”结构,意思是“想必是”“(过去)一定”.If you were at the party, you must have seen Mary.你如果参加了这次聚会,准保看见了玛丽.(2)表示对现在某个动作或即将发生的事情的推测,可以用“must be+ -in g”结构,意思是“一定”“准是”.You must be joking!你一定是在开玩笑！6.have to的用法(1)表示“不得不”“必须”的意思,与must在这个意思上很接近.must强调说话者的主观看法,意为“必须”;have to强调客观的需要,意为“不得不”.I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.我误了火车,所以我得乘出租车.must仅用于表示现在和将来的义务,讲述过去,要用had to.I had to leave early because I wasn't feeling well.我不得不早点儿离开,因为我觉得不舒服.(2)have to也可用来表示“推测”,意思是“定是”“必定是”.She has to be(=must be) sick. She looks pale.她一定是生病了,脸色看来很苍白.点拨在口语中,可用have got to代替have to.Sorry I have got to go (=have to go) now.抱歉,我现在非走不可了.7.need的用法(1)need表示“需要”“必须”.作为情态动词主要用于否定句和疑问句,无时态、人称变化,后面跟动词原形.其否定式为:need not(needn't).You needn't try to explain.你不需要解释.She needn't come tomorrow.她明天不必来.点拨needn't后面跟“have+过去分词”结构,表示“过去已做了(但)没有必要做的事情”.The question needn't have been discussed.此问题本来不需讨论的.(2)need用作及物动词,主要用于肯定句,有人称、时态和数的变化,后接带to的不定式.其否定形式要借助于don't, doesn't或didn't;疑问形式要借助于do, does或did.He needs to know it.他需要知道这件事.Do you need any help?你需要帮助吗?I don't need things like that.我不需要那样的东西.8.dare的用法dare作为情态动词,主要用于否定句和疑问句,表示“敢于”,本身无变化(各人称都用dare),后面跟不带to 的不定式,过去时用dared,其否定式为:dare not/daren't,dared not.How dare they do such a thing?他们怎么敢做出这样的事?Dare he say so?他敢这样说吗?She knows he was wrong but she daren't tell him.她知道他错了,却不敢告诉他.点拨dare用作及物动词的时候更多一些.这时dare后可以跟动词不定式,用于各种结构中.Do I dare to ask her?我敢问她吗?He didn't dare to go.他不敢去.She did not dare to tell them the truth.她不敢对他们说真话.9.ought to表示“应该”做某事,常可与should互换.You ought to be punctual.你应该守时.Students ought not to be late for class.学生上课不应该迟到.Ought we to answer this question now?我们应当现在就回答这个问题吗?点拨ought to后面跟“have+过去分词”结构,表示对过去该做而未做之事的责难、后悔或遗憾的心情.You ought to have helped her.你本该帮助她的.(却没有帮助她)He ought to have returned these books to the library last week.他上星期就应该把这些书还给图书馆.(却没有还书)10.shall的用法(1)shall作为情态动词,用于陈述句的第二、三人称,表示说话人的强烈意愿和决心,有“允诺”“警告”“命令”等含义,意思是“必须”.You shall come whenever you are wanted.什么时候叫你就要什么时候到.(强制)You shall not leave your post.你不得离开岗位.(警告)He shall get the answer tomorrow.他明天可以得到答复.(允诺)(2)shall作为情态动词,在疑问句中可用于第一、三人称,表示征询对方意见或请求,意思是“要不要”“好不好”.Shall he come to see you?要不要他来看你?Shall we go for walk?我们去散散步好吗?Shall I turn on the light?我要开灯吗?11.will的用法(1)表示“意志”“意愿”,可用于多种人称.He'll help you if you ask him.如果你请他帮忙,他是愿意帮忙的.Will you give him a message when you see him?见到他时,请你通知他一下好吗?(2)will还可用来表示一种习惯性动作或状态,有“总是”“惯于”等意思.Fish will die out of water.鱼儿离开水会死去.He will talk for hours if you give him the chance.如果你给他机会,他会滔滔不绝地谈上几个钟头.12.should的用法(1)表示“义务或责任”,意思是“应该”.I should speak and write English every day.我应该天天说、写英语.We should learn from each other and help each other.我们应该互相学习,互相帮助.(2)表示推测、预期.They should be here by now.他们现在该到了.Tom should know her address.估计汤姆知道她的住址.(3)should后面跟“have+过去分词”结构,其肯定句,表示过去应该做而未做的事,其否定句则表示过去不该做但做了的事情.He looks very tired. He should have had a good rest at home.他看上去很累了,本应该待在家里好好休息.As an adult, he shouldn't have misunderstood it.作为成人,他本来就不应该误解这件事.13.would(1)would作为情态动词will的过去式,表示过去时间的“意志”“愿望”或“决心”等,可用于各人称.I said I would do anything for him.我说过,我愿意为他做任何事.He said he would get up earlier the next morning.他说第二天早上要早点起床.(2)would可用来表示人的意愿、个人想法.在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示有礼貌、较婉转的请求.如:Would you like to have a glass of tea?你要喝一杯茶吗?Would you mind closing the door?请关上门好吗?I would like to buy a silk scarf for my wife.我想给妻子买一条丝巾.(3)would与动词连用,可表示过去反复发生的动作,相当于汉语中的“常常”“总是”等意思.如:The old retired worker would often go to the park to play chess.这位退休老工人常常到公园去下棋.When I was a student, I would take a walk along the country road after class.当学生时,放学后我常常沿着乡间小路散步.好题精练一、用适当的助动词和情态动词填空1.His father_________ not a lawyer.2.He_________ two sisters and a brother.3.I_________ never met him before I heard his speech.4.The visitors_________ given a warm welcome.5.Excuse me, _________ I have a look at the photo?6. _________ you work out(算出)this difficult problem without any help?7.This is a reading room. You_________ sing here.8. _________ I speak to the headmaster, please?9. _________ you like a sandwich?10.I_________ love a cup of tea.11.You_________ not drink and drive.12.We_________ buy a new lock for the front door.13.You_________ to knock at door before you come in.14.He_________ to pass an examination before he can start work.15. _________ you guess the answer? Sorry, I can't.16.May I come in? No, you_________.17.Your father is free now. You_________ ask him to tell you a story.18. _________ we hand in the exercises today?No, you needn't. You_________ hand them tomorrow.答案:1.is2.has3.had4.are5.may6.Can7.mustn't8.Could9.Would 10.would11.should 12.should 13.have 14.has 15.Can16.mustn't 17.may 18.Must,may二、选择填空1.-What_________ it be?-It_________ be a mail box, for it is moving. It_________ be a car.A. can; can't; mustB. can; can; mustC. can; mustn't; mustD. must; mustn't; can2.My mother is out. I_________ look after my little brother.A. have toB. canC. has toD. may not3.At that time she_________ sit here like that for hours.A. willB. wouldC. had toD. shall4.The radio says it is sunny today. You_________ take a raincoat with you.A. can'tB. needn'tC. mustn'tD. can5.I_________ like Chinese tea with nothing in it.A. wouldB. mustC. needD. can't6.- _________ we go out for a walk?-Good idea. What time shall we meet?A. ShallB. LetC. WillD. Must7.He_________ to go there when he was young.A. usedn'tB. didn't useC. is usedD. both A and B8.-Must we finish our homework now, Mrs. Read?-Oh no, you_________.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. won'tD. needn't9.These useful dictionaries_________ good care of.A. must takeB. must be takeC. must be takenD. must to take10.Don't be late again. You_________ be here on time.A. mustB. canC. mayD. needn't11.Tom,don't worry, you_________ get the book next morning.A. shallB. willC. mayD. can12. _________ you swim in the river?A. CanB. MustC. MayD. Need13.Chinese must have the largest number of speakers, _________?A. mustn't theyB. haven't theyC. don't theyD. doesn't it14.You did not go to the party yesterday, or I_________ you.A. would seeB. could meetC. might have seenD. might see15.-Is the boy by the window your brother?-It_________ him.A. maybeB. may beC. would beD. need be16.What_________ you like for breakfast?A. mayB. willC. wouldD. can17.- _________ you like some drink?-Yes, please.A. WouldB. WillC. CouldD. Can18.-May I throw a frisbee in the street?-No, you_________.A. may not B .mustn't C. needn't D. don't19.-Can you mend a TV set?-No, I_________.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. may notD. needn't20.-Please don't make a noise.-_________.I'll be as quiet as a mouse.A. Yes, I won'tB. No, I won'tC. No, I willD. Yes, I will21.The traffic_________ stop when lights are red.A. mustB. mayC. canD. mustn't22.- _________ I ask you a question, please?-Yes, please.A. MayB. MustC. NeedD. Will23.Go and ask Mr. Wu. He_________ tell you1 how to use the dictionary.A. mayB. shouldC. wouldD. could24. _________ you please tell me the way to the station?A. ShallB. WouldC. MayD. Might25. _________ I open the window? It's hot here.A. MustB. WillC. ShallD. Would答案:1-5AABBA 6-10ADDCA11-15 BADCB 16-20 CABBB21-25 AAABC。
英语语法英语情态动词用法及例题
英语语法英语情态动词用法及例题21. 情态动词21.1 情态动词的语法特征1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
21.2 比较can 和be able to1）can/could 表示能力；可能（过去时用could）, 只用于现在式和过去式（could）。
be able to可以用于各种时态。
例如：They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2）只用be able to的情况：a. 位于助动词后。
b. 情态动词后。
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。
d. 用于句首表示条件。
e. 表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。
例如：He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。
注意：could有时不表示时态1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。
例如：--- Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗？--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。
2）在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。
例如：He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。
21.3 比较may和might1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。
例如：May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你！He might be at home. 他可能在家。
助动词与情态动词-讲解及练习题
助动词与情态动词一、助动词助动词有be, have, do, will, shall。
它们本身没有词义，只和实义动词的一定形式构成复合谓语，用来表示时态和语态，构成否定、疑问及加强语气等。
1、be (am, is, are, were, been)（l）“be + -ing”构成进行时态；（2）“be + 过去分词”构成被动语态；（3）“be + 动词不定式”构成复合谓语：①表按计划安排要发生的事。
The prime minister is to visit Japan next year.总理将于明年访问日本。
②用于命令。
You're to do your homework before you watch TV.你得做完了作业才能看电视。
2、have (has, had)(1)“have+过去分词”构成完成时态。
如：Have you seen the film ?(2)“have been + -ing”构成完成进行时态。
如：What have you been doing these days? 这些日子你一直在干什么?3、do (does, did)(1)“do not + 动词原形”构成行为动词的否定式。
如：His brother doesn’t like playing basket.；(2)“Do + 主语+ 动词原形”构成行为动词的一般疑问句。
Does he go to school by bike every day?(3)“do + 动词原形”用于祈使句或陈述句中表示加强语气。
如：I did go to see him, but he wasn’t in我确实去看望他了，但他不在家。
Do do some work. 请一定做点什么；(4)代替前面刚出现的动词以避免重复。
My mother told me to go to bed early. So I did.4、will, shall (would, should)“will (shall+动词原形)”构成一般将来时，一般来说，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二人称或第三人称，口语中常用will代替shll，如：We will have a meeting to discuss the problem.二、情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，可以表示“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”等之意。
高考英语情态动词讲解及习题(附答案)
2016高考专题之情态动词一、基础提高一、常见的情态动词有：can 能may 可以will，would （表意愿）need 须要dare 敢must 必需have to 不得不shall，should 应当（表义务）ought to 应当1.can，could 的用法1.1表实力，有“能”、“会”、“能够”的意思例如：Can you drive a car? 你会开车吗？-----Yes, I can. 我会。
-----No, I can't. 我不会。
1.2表允许，在口语中代替may，有“可以”的意思例如：Can I use your bike?我可以用你的自行车吗？1.3表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句例如：Can it be true?那会是真的吗？Today is Sunday. He can't be at school.今日是星期天。
他不行能在学校里。
1.4过去式could表示的语气更加委婉、客气例如：Could I come to see you tomorrow?明天我可以来见你吗？1.5 can 和be able to 的比较1) can 只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态(could)，其他时态要用be able to的形式例如：I haven't been able to get in touch with her.我始终没能和她联系上。
2) 通常can 和be able to 可以互换例如：He will come if he can.假如可能的话，他确定会来。
2.may，might的用法2.1表示许可或征求对方的许可，有“可以”的意思。
例如：You may go now.你可以走了。
May I use your computer?我用一下你的电脑可以吗？2.2回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法：例如：May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟吗？-----Yes, you may.-----Yes, please.------No, you can't.------No, you mustn't.------No, you'd better not.2.3表示揣测，通常只用于陈述句例如：You may be right.你可能是对的。
小学生英语助动词do、Are动词、情态动词的用法练习
小学生英语助动词do、Are动词、情态动词的用法练习助动词(do)、动词(be)和情态动词(modal verbs)是研究英语的基础知识点。
在这份练文档中，我们将研究这些动词的用法。
一、助动词(do)的用法1. do作为助动词主要用于构成否定句和疑问句。
例如：- He does not like ice cream.（他不喜欢冰淇淋。
）- Do you like pizza?（你喜欢比萨吗？）2. do还可以用来表示强调。
例如：- I do love playing soccer.（我真的很喜欢踢足球。
）二、动词(be)的用法1. 用于表示存在、状态和身份。
例如：- I am a student.（我是一个学生。
）- They are at the park.（他们在公园。
）2. 动词(be)也可以用于构成进行时态。
例如：- She is studying English.（她正在学英语。
）三、情态动词(modal verbs)的用法1. can用来表示能力、许可和可能性。
例如：- I can run very fast.（我跑得很快。
）- Can I go to the bathroom?（我可以去上厕所吗？）2. must用来表示必须和推测。
例如：- You must finish your homework before you watch TV.（你必须先完成作业，然后才能看电视。
）- She must be tired because she stayed up late.（她一定很累，因为她熬夜了。
）3. should用来表示建议和义务。
例如：- You should eat more fruits and vegetables.（你应该多吃水果和蔬菜。
）- We should help others in need.（我们应该帮助需要帮助的人。
）四、练题1. 请用do的正确形式填空：I ___ my homework every day.2. 把下面的句子改成否定句：She likes swimming.3. 请用can的正确形式填空：He ___ speak English fluently.4. 把下面的句子改成一般疑问句：They are students.5. 请用should的正确形式填空：We ___ be kind to others.答案：1. do2. She does not like swimming.3. can4. Are they students?5. should希望这份练习能够帮助你巩固助动词(do)、动词(be)和情态动词(modal verbs)的用法。
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目录1助动词和情态动词的定义 (2)2 can，may，must (3)3 Will you～？和Shall I（we）～？ (10)4 would和should (14)5 have to (16)练习题 (17)答案 (18)1助动词和情态动词的定义在英语中，助动词一般没有词义，主要帮助构成谓语，表示时态、语态或构成疑问及否定形式。
对于助动词，同学们一般了解即可。
情态动词与助动词不同，它有词义，但它也和助动词一样，不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，另外重要的一点是情态动词没有人称和数的变化；情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
（×）She cans swim well. （×）She can swims well.（○）She can swim well. （○）She swims well.即使主语是第三人称单数（例如she）can也不能加“s”。
句子中有情态动词can时，即使主语是第三人称单数，也不能在一般动词（例如swim）上加“s”。
1 助动词的种类1.be（am，are，is，was，were，been，being）它与现在分词结合，可以构成进行时态（参见第九章），与过去分词结合可以构成被动语态（参见第十三章）。
I am reading the book.我正在读这本书。
The book was written by me.这本书是我写的。
2. have（has，had，having）它与过去分词结合，构成完成时态（参见第十一章）。
I have finished my homework.我已经写完作业了。
3.shall（should），will（would）它与动词结合构成将来时（参见第十章）。
I will visit Beijing tomorrow.我明天将到北京参观。
4. do（does，did）它与其他动词结合构成否定句和疑问句（参见第六、七、八、十九章）。
I don't like dog.我不喜欢狗。
Do you clean the room.你打扫房间吗？2情态动词的种类2 can，may，must对初学者而言，can，may，must是三个最重要的情态动词，其基本句型如下：肯定句：主语+can，may，must +动词原形.否定句：主语+can，may，must +not +动词原形～.疑问句：Can，May，Must +主语+动词原形～？1 can，may，must的肯定句You may eat lunch，but you must wash your hands.你可以吃饭，但是你必须洗手。
1.cana.表示能力；能，会She can run fast，but I can't.她很会跑，但是我不会。
（表能力，此时may，must都不可替代）b.表示可能；能够I can get there in ten minutes.我十分钟之后就可以到那儿。
（表示一种可能性）c.表示允许；许可（不如may正式，常用于口语）You can use this dictionary.你可以用这本字典。
（此时还可以用may代替can，但一般会话中用can）比较can和be able tocan只有现在式和过去式，而be able to可以用于各种时态。
can（could）表示能力时，可用be able to代替。
I can（=am able to）pay for the book. 我买得起那本书。
He will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
She has been able to come to school. 她已经能去学校了。
2.maya.表示请求、许可（比can正式）May I borrow your pen？我可以借你的钢笔用一用吗？b.可能、或许（谈论可能性、表示推测，一般用于肯定句）Tomorrow I may go shopping.明天，我可能（或许）去商店买东西。
He might be our new teacher.他或许是我们的新老师。
注意might在表示推测时，不表示时态，只是说明可能性比may还要小。
3.musta.必须、应该（表示有做某一动作的必要或义务）You must buy a ticket.你必须买一张票。
b.一定、准是（表示有把握的判断或推测，一般只用于肯定句中）在You must～.这一句型中，它的意思与祈使句相同。
You must get up early. =Get up early.你必须早起。
You must study hard. =Study hard.你必须用功读书。
He must be our new teacher.他肯定是我们的新老师。
（语气比may，might要肯定得多）比较must与have tomust侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要，have to侧重于客观上的必要。
如果用于过去时态或将来时态时，则要用have to来代替。
但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
My brother was very ill，so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。
（一般过去时）I haven't got any money with me，so I'll have to borrow some from my friend.我身上没有钱，只好向朋友借点了。
（一般将来时）He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。
2.can，may，must的否定句I can not write a letter in English.我不会用英语写信。
You must not eat so much.你一定不能吃太多。
含有情态动词can，may，must的句子，只要在它们后面加上not，就变成了否定句。
1.can的否定句can的否定式是can not，普通的写成cannot，缩字为can't，读作[E%:QC]。
She can't play basketball.她不会打篮球。
I couldn't swim until I was ten.我直到十岁才会游泳（十岁以前我不会游泳）。
It can't be true.那不可能是真的。
2. may（might）的否定句注意can表示怀疑或不肯定时，用于否定句和疑问句或感叹句中。
could有时只表示怀疑、推测程度，不表示时态。
He couldn't be a badman.他不大可能是坏人。
He can't be a badman.他不可能是坏人。
may not也表示“不可以”的意思，但单独使用时不多，大多使用于回答疑问句时。
May I come in？我可以进来吗？No， you can（may） not.（=No， you mustn't）.不，你不可以进来。
3.must的否定句must的否定式是must not，缩写为mustn't，读作[>P)KQC]。
译为“不可以”、“一定不……”。
You mustn't leave so early.你们不要走得太早。
They mustn't take any book out of the room.他们不可以从房间里拿走书。
注意You must not……这一句型和否定的祈使句的意思一致。
You mustn't open this box.你不可以打开这个盒子。
=Don't open this box.请勿打开此盒。
3 can，may，must的疑问句（把can，may，must放在句首，句子就成为疑问句了）Can Li Ming speak English？李明会说英语吗？May I close the door？我可以把门关上吗？Must I read this book now？我现在一定要读这本书吗？1. can的疑问句Can you play the piano？你会弹钢琴吗？Yes，I can.是的，我会。
No，I can't.不，我不会。
Can it be true？它可能是真的吗？Could he be a bad man？他可能是坏人吗？注意can表示怀疑、推测时，只用于否定句及疑问句中。
（参见第154页<1.can的否定句>的注意）。
左文例句中的could不表示时态，只表示怀疑、推测的程度。
2.may的疑问句May I take this seat？我可以坐这个座位吗？Yes，you may./Sure.可以。
No，yon may not.不可以。
必背！May…？的回答还可以有下列方式：Yes，of course.是的，当然可以了。
Yes，certainly.当然可以了。
Sure.当然。
No，you must not 不，不行。
（具有强烈禁止的意思）No，you can't 不，不行。
（口语上大多采用这一句型）3. must的疑问句Must I live here？我必须住在这里吗？Yes，you must.是的，你必须。
No，you needn't = No，you don't have to.不，不必了。
表示推测的用法can , could ,may ,might ,must 皆可用来表示推测，其用法如下：a．could ,might 表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can ,may。
b．can ,could 用于否定句和疑问句中。
句型：主语+ can't , couldn't +be +动词 -ing～．（否定句）Can ,Could +主语 +be +动词 -ing～．（疑问句）They can't be cleaning the room now．他们现在不可能在打扫房间。
c．may ,might , must 用在肯定句中。
句型：主语+ may ,might ,must +be +动词 -ing（表示对现在发生动作的推测）He must be sleeping . 他现在肯定在睡觉。
d．但如果上述这些词(must ,can't… ) + have +过去分词则指对过去已发生的事进行推测。
The road is wet , It must have rained last night .地是湿的；昨天晚上肯定下雨了。