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20XX年考研《英语二》阅读理解答案(海文版)-考研.doc

2017年考研《英语二》阅读理解答案(海文版)-考研长按下面二维码即可获取2017考研真题及答案长按下面二维码即可下载考研万题库估分点击查看：2017年考研《英语二》真题|2017年考研《英语二》答案PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequesti onsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Mar kyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50, 000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocal park.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithad ozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheU Kandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbyth ousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfou ryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonM onday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30 thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.Planningdoc umentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGam eswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayf romtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitt er,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasn othappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweekl ysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—u pto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrow ingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingat anacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimspri maryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsp ortaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisen amongadultsandchildren.Officialretrospecti onscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“in spireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlyco mpetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybo dy.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-ti merbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisaboutt optalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycont rast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsand toproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwas mixedup:Thestressonsuccessovertakingpart wasintimidatingfornewcomers.Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthest ategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafun damen tally“grassroots”,conceptascommuni tysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovern ment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprov idingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspa ceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennis andnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisi onofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessive governmentshavepresidedoversellinggreens paces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesa nddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Ins teadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovern mentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsf orsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas.[A]gainedgreatpopularity[B]createdmanyjobs[C]strengthenedcommunityties[D]becomeanofficialfestival【答案】[A]gainedgreatpopularity22.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto.[A]boostpopulationgrowth[B]promotesportparticipation[C]improvethecity’simage[D]increasesporthoursinschools【答案】[B]promotesportparticipation23.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit.[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents[B]focusesonmasscompetition[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers 【答案】[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism24.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould.[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents[B]superviselocalsportsassociations[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities【答案】[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities25.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis.[A]tolerant[B]critical[C]uncertain[D]sympathetic 【答案】[B]criticalText2Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscree nuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaxi malengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,a ndleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesan dtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpa irsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmothe rswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted2 0percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernon verbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.During aseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbec ameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswo uldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildren wouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthos efacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoft enarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextre melydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskyci testhe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelo pmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.I nit,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildin anormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressi onandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedbac k;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedas shetriestocapturehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butth ereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtobere sponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcerne dthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideo logythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysb einteracting”withtheirchildren:“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,ve ryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyo uareneglectingthem.”Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentsti metohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyha veabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,can getalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafrie ndorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmak ethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemoreavail abletotheirchildtherestofthetime.26.AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto______.[A]simplifyroutinematters[B]absorbuserattention[C]betterinterpersonalrelations[D]increaseworkefficiency【答案】[B]absorbuserattention27.Radesky’sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers’useofdevices______.[A]takesawaybabies’appetite[B]distractschildren’sattention[C]slowsdownbabies’verbaldevelopment[D]reducesmother-childcommunication【答案】[D]reducesmother-childcommunication28.Radesky’scitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshowthat_______.[A]itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions[B]verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange[C]childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents’mood[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalneeds【答案】[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalneeds29.TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto_______.[A]protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies[B]teachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsayear[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren[D]remainconcernedaboutkid’suseofscreens【答案】[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren30.AccordingtoTronick,kid’suseofscreensmay_______.[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime[B]maketheirparentsmorecreative[C]helpthemwiththeirhomework[D]helpthembecomemoreattentive 【答案】[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime。

2020年考研英语二阅读

The Journey of Mastering the 2020Postgraduate Entrance Exam EnglishReadingThe year 2020 marked a significant milestone for millions of aspiring students across China as they embarked on the challenging journey of preparing for the Postgraduate Entrance Exam, specifically the English Reading section. This section, known for its depth and breadth of content, requires not just a strong vocabulary and grammatical skills but also a keen understanding of the nuances of the language. For many, it represents a test of not just their English proficiency but also their perseverance and dedication.The road to mastering the English Reading section of the 2020 Postgraduate Entrance Exam was not an easy one. It required a meticulous planning of study schedules, meticulous note-taking, and regular practice sessions. The key, however, lay in understanding the structure and format of the exam, which included various reading comprehension passages, vocabulary-based questions, and sentence correction exercises.One of the most crucial aspects of preparing for this section was developing a strong vocabulary. This meant not just memorizing words but also understanding their contextual meanings and how they fit into the larger narrative. Regular practice with past exam papers and sample questions helped students familiarize themselves with the range of vocabulary and sentence structures that could be expected in the exam.Moreover, the importance of reading comprehensionskills cannot be overstated. Comprehending the main ideas, arguments, and examples presented in the passages was crucial for answering the subsequent questions accurately. This required not just a thorough understanding of the English language but also an ability to analyze and interpret text critically.Practicing regularly with mock tests and sample papers was also integral to success. This not only helped students familiarize themselves with the exam format but also gave them a realistic assessment of their progress. It also allowed them to identify their weak areas and work on them specifically.In addition to this, seeking help and guidance from teachers and mentors was invaluable. They provided insights into the exam pattern, tips for effective study methods, and encouragement during the tough times. The support and encouragement received from family and friends also played a significant role in keeping the students motivated and focused.However, the most important aspect of this entire journey was the students' own perseverance and dedication. They needed to stay focused, maintain a positive mindset, and push themselves to the limit. It was only through their hard work and perseverance that they could hope to achieve their desired results.In conclusion, mastering the English Reading section of the 2020 Postgraduate Entrance Exam required a combination of hard work, smart study habits, and perseverance. By developing a strong vocabulary, enhancing their reading comprehension skills, and regularly practicing with mock tests, students could hope to ace this challenging section and move closer to their dream of pursuing postgraduate studies. The journey, although arduous, was undoubtedlyrewarding and would undoubtedly shape their future学术追求和个人成长。

2020考研英语二阅读理解

2020考研英语二阅读理解The 2020 Postgraduate Entrance English II exam was a pivotal moment for many aspirants, testing not only their linguistic prowess but also their analytical skills. The reading comprehension section was particularly challenging, filled with nuanced passages that demanded a deep understanding of both the text and the context.The passages spanned a variety of topics, from scientific breakthroughs to socio-economic issues, each requiring a different approach to interpretation. Candidates had to navigate through complex sentences and dense information, extracting the essence of the arguments presented.One of the passages that stood out was an article on environmental conservation, which presented a compelling case for sustainable practices. The author's use of vivid examples and persuasive language made the topic both engaging and thought-provoking.Another segment delved into the advancements inartificial intelligence, highlighting the ethical dilemmas and potential societal impacts. The text was peppered with technical jargon, which added an extra layer of difficultyfor those not familiar with the subject matter.The questions that followed each passage were designed to assess the examinees' comprehension and inference abilities.They ranged from straightforward factual recall to more complex analytical queries that required a synthesis of ideas from the text.The time constraint added to the pressure, as candidates had to quickly yet accurately process and respond to the questions. It was a true test of their ability to balance speed with thoroughness.Despite the challenges, many found the experience rewarding, as it pushed them to refine their reading strategies and deepen their understanding of the English language. The exam served as a stepping stone towards their academic and professional goals, a testament to their dedication and perseverance.In retrospect, the 2020 English II exam was more thanjust an assessment; it was an opportunity for growth and a reflection of the candidates' journey towards academic excellence.。

2020年考研英语阅读二

2020年考研英语阅读二The year 2020 was a pivotal moment for many aspiring postgraduate students, as they faced the challenge of the English reading section of the postgraduate entrance examination.This section, known for its breadth and depth, required candidates to have a strong grasp of both vocabulary and comprehension skills. It was not just about understanding the text, but also about interpreting the nuances and drawing insights from the passages.The 2020 examination featured a diverse range of topics, from scientific advancements to societal issues, each demanding a different analytical approach. Students had to navigate through complex sentences and abstract concepts, all while keeping an eye on the clock.One of the key strategies for success in this section was the ability to skim and scan the text efficiently,identifying key points and main ideas without getting bogged down in the details. This skill was crucial for answering the multiple-choice questions that followed.Another aspect that set the 2020 English reading section apart was the inclusion of opinion pieces and editorials, which tested the students' ability to discern the author's perspective and the underlying arguments presented.The pressure was palpable, as candidates knew that every point counted towards their final score. The stakes were high, and the competition was fierce, with each question apotential make-or-break moment in their academic journey.Despite the challenges, many found the experience rewarding, as it pushed them to improve their language proficiency and critical thinking abilities. The 2020 English reading section was not just an exam; it was a test of perseverance and intellectual growth.In the end, the 2020 postgraduate English reading section was a testament to the dedication and hard work of thestudents who braved its complexities. It was a stepping stone towards their academic and professional aspirations, a milestone in their pursuit of higher education.。

20XX年考研《英语二》真题(完整版)第4页-考研.doc

2019年考研《英语二》真题(完整版)第4页-考研经济类联考数学全程规划班掌握经济类联考数学的复习方法，制定全年复习规划1李擂《考研经综数学导学讲义》无逻辑2014真题解析了解2014逻辑真题的主要考查内容，试题结构，预测2016逻辑真题的命题趋向2王晓东《2014年经济类联考综合真题及其答案》高等数学基础班全面学习高等数学的基本知识点，理解基本概念，掌握基本运算方法，为强化提高打下基础。

16李擂《考研经综数学基础讲义》《经济类联考综合阅卷人核心教程》高等数学强化课程，依据考试大纲及历年真题介绍分别高等数学、线性代数、概率论主要知识点，归纳总结命题方向和常见的解题思想，结合强化课，帮助考生进一步强化解题思路。

24李擂《经济类联考综合阅卷人核心笔记·数学》《经济类联考综合阅卷人核心笔记·数学》逻辑强化熟悉逻辑各题型的特点和表现形式，能熟练地运用各知识点和相关的逻辑方法解题16饶思中《考研管综逻辑强化讲义》《经济类联考综合阅卷人核心笔记·逻辑》写作强化通过课程学习巩固考研写作的要点重点难点，并掌握写作的大体思路12王诚《经济类联考综合阅卷人核心笔记·写作》《经济类联考综合阅卷人核心笔记·写作》冲刺串讲各科冲刺串讲，系统串讲各科知识体系，指导考生针对核心考点进行深度学习。

8李擂《考研经综数学冲刺讲义》《经济类联考综合阅卷人核心预测4套卷》逻辑冲刺提高运用各种知识点和逻辑方法解答各种类型的逻辑题的综合能力；消灭逻辑理解中的盲点和误区；提高解题的速度和正确率4饶思中《考研经综逻辑冲刺讲义》《经济类联考综合阅卷人考前8天写作大预测》写作冲刺掌握写作大小作文的模版，能利用模版衍生解决应试模版的能力，规范写作8王诚《考研经综写作冲刺讲义》写作模考通过应试技巧的学习，提供写作的速度，发现考试中的问题，及时解决，提高考试分值4王诚《考研管综写作4套卷》逻辑2014真题解析了解2014逻辑真题的主要考查内容，试题结构，预测2016逻辑真题的命题趋向2王晓东《2014年考研管综真题》数学基础通过学习管理类联考数学的基本概念、基本理论、基本方法，为强化提高打基础20刘京环《考研管综初数基础讲义-刘京环》《管理类联考数学阅卷人核心教程》数学强化依据考试大纲及历年真题介绍管理数学数学主要知识点，归纳总结命题方向和常见的解题思想。

考研英语二阅读理解试题及答案

考研英语二阅读理解试题及答案英语二阅读原文及出处：Text 1In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,” in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines。

”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sagging middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the quantum advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers。

2020年研究生考试英语二真题全本

2020年研究生考试英语二真题全本第一部分：阅读理解阅读理解一题目：根据短文内容，回答以下问题。

1. What is the main topic of the passage?答案：The main topic of the passage is the benefits of regular exercise.2. What is the purpose of the passage?答案：The purpose of the passage is to explain the positive effects of exercise on physical and mental health.阅读理解二题目：根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正(T)误(F)。

1. The author argues that climate change is a natural phenomenon.答案：F2. The author suggests that human activities are the main cause of climate change.答案：T第二部分：完形填空完形填空一题目：根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

1. What did the author learn from the experience?答案：The author learned the importance of perseverance and determination.完形填空二题目：根据短文内容，回答以下问题。

1. What is the main theme of the passage?答案：The main theme of the passage is the power of love and forgiveness.2. How does the story illustrate this theme?答案：The story illustrates this theme by showing how love and forgiveness can heal relationships and bring about positive change.第三部分：概要写作题目：根据所给材料，写一篇不少于80词的概要。

最新考研英语答案：《英语二》阅读理解文章原文

考研英语答案：《英语二》阅读理解文章原文Would you pay to run around the park?By CaitlinWebb | Posted: April 13, 2016FREE OF CHARGE: Runners from parkrun in Priory ParkEvery Saturday morning runners tie their laces to run 5km around their local park with national organisation, parkrun.In Reigate Priory Park there are on average about 140 runners who turn up at 9am every week and at Banstead Woods, 147 people join in.Stoke Gifford Parish Council, near Bristol, became the first in the world to charge parkrun a fee to use Little Stoke Park paths.The council voted last night to enforce charges to the running group, that organises 850 5km runs in 12 countries.Chief operating officer for parkrun Tom Williams said: “We are extremely disappointed that Stoke Gifford Parish Council has voted to impose a charge at Little Stoke parkrun.“parkrun has had unprecedented success in engaging the least active and encouraging them to exercise regularly. Providing free weekly access has been fundamental to this and we are disappointed that this opportunity is to be removed for the residents of Little Stoke.“Our aim is to break down barriers to participation in, and delivery of, physical activity and this is consistent across 850 parkruns worldwide, which are all delivered by volunteers and are free to take part in. Imposing a charge at one event is something that contradicts our founding principles and would set a precedent that threatens ourfuture.“As a nation we must make a decision about wheth er we want to be healthier or not. The costs to all of us of inactivity and poor health are immense. parkrun has had enormous success at bringing communities together and promoting physical activity in safe and welcoming social environments.“The past six months have been an uncertain and difficult time for everyone involved with Little Stoke parkrun and our entire global community of more than two million parkrunners is behind them as we discuss our next steps.”There are no plans for the Reigate and Banstead Borough Council to charge parkrun for their weekly events.Changing attitudes on fire选取部分：Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, Professor Moritz and others say.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires –nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work – such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep – that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies, such as the Department of Housing and Urban Development, are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,” he says. “We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, ‘Wait a minute, is this OK?’Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of th e landscape?”Such a pivot would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change –how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases (including human carbon emissions) is leading to conditions that exacerbate fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“T he human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways,” he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and perception of what the solution is [becomes] very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection [with fire] today.”Role for citizens ... and for policyAfter nearly 30 years in the state fire service, Janet Upton understands the value of that connection.During her early days with the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire), veterans would tell war stories of huge fires that happened once in a career, she recalls.“But in my generation, those of us who’ve come up through the ‘80s, ‘90s, 2000s … we feel li ke we don’t have the license to use the word ‘unprecedented’any more. We’ve seen it all in the last few years,” she says. “I’ve probably had 15 once-in-a-career fires.”And people caused most of them, Ms. Upton says. About 90 percent of all fires in California can be traced to human activity, whether it’s a stove left on or a campfire left burning. Which is why public education has been Upton’s main goal since 2008, when then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger appointed her Cal Fire’s deputy communications director.The department has since made strides, playing a major role in launching state and nationalcampaigns that underscore the public’s role in fire safety. But people’s tendency to put danger out of their minds until it’s too late continues to pose serious challenges, Upton says.“This is going to sound cold. But if someone chooses to live in a rural area and continues to not be responsive to [fire-safety] education, sadly, the worst punishment they’re going to get is they’re going to lose their h ome in a fire,” she says.A paradigm shift, some researchers hope, can address that gap between education and action. Environmental policy specialist Ray Rasker, for instance, envisions wholecommunities designed around the concept of fire safety, and a slate of fire-prevention policies at the local, state, and national level.“What we’re telling the public now is, ‘Reduce the risk of fires –if you so choose.’Imagine if we tried driving our cars like that,” says Dr. Rasker, who is also executive director of Headwaters Economics, a nonprofit research firm based in Bozeman, Mont. “Why not use regulations, building codes, and subdivision design standards, development codes and ordinances that say, ‘Look if you’re going to build there, there are certain conditions you have to meet first’?”Some places are already taking steps. San Diego’s municipal code, for instance, requires property owners to maintain landscape and vegetation standards – or face a penalty equivalent to the cost of hiring a private contractor to do so. Austin, Texas, has set aside close to 30 percent of city land as conservation areas, curbing the number of new structures that can be built within the fire-prone “wildland-urban interface” (WUI) – the space between unoccupied natural land and human developments. Flagstaff, Ariz., Boulder, Colo., and Santa Fe, N.M., have all enacted similar policies.But the need for action continues to grow. As bad as wildfires have been in recent years, research shows they’re likely to get worse as the US population increases and people build more homes in the WUI, more than 80 percent of which remain undeveloped.“We keep building more and more homes in harm’s way,” Rasker notes. “Unless we get a handle on development, we’re really not addressing the problem.”Mind-set matters, too – for everyone, says Upton at Cal Fire.“It’s a mitigation issue. You can take the lens we’re looking at [in California] and take it to Tornado Alley or the Eastern Seaboard,” she says. In the end, “it’s aboutinforming yourself as a member of the public or a policymaker. How can you do something comprehensive?”。

2020年考研《英语二》阅读理解答案(文都版)

2020年考研《英语二》阅读理解答案（文都版）Directions：Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.[A]Be silly[B]Have fun[C]Express your emotions[D]Don't overthink it[E]Be easily pleased[F]Notice things[G]Ask for helpAs adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41._______C_______What does a child do when he's sad?He cries.When he's angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we growup,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.that's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,and then-again.like children-move.42.______E_______A couple of Christmases ago,my youngest stepdaughter,who was nine years old at the time ,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn't stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels.instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43._________A_____________Have you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones like endorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection.All of which,of course,have a positive effect on happiness levels.44.________B___________The problem with being a grown up is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work,mortgagepayments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.Those things might besocial,sporting,creative or completely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)--it doesn't matter,so long asthey're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45.________D___________Having said all of the above,it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said："Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness."And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.考后注重：>>>2020年考研真题及答案专题>>>2020年考研成绩查询时间及入口专题>>>2020年考研国家线、分数线专题。

万题库权威版-20XX考研《英语二》阅读理解答案解析第2页-考

万题库权威版:2017考研《英语二》阅读理解答案解析第2页-考研万题库权威版:2017考研《英语二》阅读理解答案解析，更多2017考研答案、2017考研真题等信息，请关注考研网或搜索公众微信号“考研”!Text2Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,i t’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscre enuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRad eskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaxi malengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,a ndleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesan dtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpa irsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmothe rswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted2 0percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernon verbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.During aseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbec ameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswo uldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildren wouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotryt ounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareb lankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhen absorbedinadevice-itcanbeextremelydisconc ertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitest he“stillfa ceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsyc hologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotheris askedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwayb eforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivin gthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbec omesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapt ur ehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thave tobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,buttherene edstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberespon siveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcerne dthatt heworriesaboutkids’useofscreensareb ornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemands thatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”with theirchildren:“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantas ized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideol ogythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchild to30,000wordsy ouareneglectingthem.”Troni ckbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearnin gfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluet oit-particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveas hower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfro mtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutof usingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsom eworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelha ppier,whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.26.【题干】AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto______.【选项】A.simplifyroutinemattersB.absorbuserattentionC.betterinterpersonalrelationsD.increaseworkefficiency【答案】B【解析】由题干中的关键词JennyRadesky,可以快速的定位到文中提到此人物的第一段第二行，接着题干中说digitalproductsaredesignedto..可以知道，考查的是数码产品的目的，回归到文中第一段第二行，可知JennyRadesky说了这样一句话：Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,anddigit alproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengag ement....电子产品就是为了促进最大程度的参与性，由此可以得出答案B为了吸引用户的注意力。

20xx年考研英语二真题及答案解析

20xx年考研英语二Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different， with academics， writers， and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7Americans. Also， some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.B ut it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today， the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough tothrow himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1. [A] boasting[B] denying[C] warning[D] ensuring2. [A] inequality[B] instability[C] unreliability[D] uncertainty3. [A] policy[B]guideline[C] resolution[D] prediction4. [A] characterized [B]divided[C]balanced[D]measured5. [A] wisdom[B] meaning[C] glory[D] freedom6. [A] Instead[B] Indeed[C] Thus[D] Nevertheless7. [A] rich[B] urban[C]working[D] educated8. [A] explanation[B] requirement[C] compensation[D] substitute9. [A] under[B] beyond[C] alongside[D] among10. [A] leave behind[B] make up[C] worry about[D] set aside11. [A] statistically[B] occasionally[C] necessarily[D] economically12. [A] chances[B] downsides[C] benefits[D] principles13. [A] absence[B] height[C] face[D] course14. [A] disturb[B] restore[C] exclude[D] yield15. [A] model[B] practice[C] virtue[D] hardship16. [A] tricky[B] lengthy[C] mysterious[D] scarce17. [A] demands[B] standards[C] qualities[D] threats18. [A] ignored[B] tired[C] confused[D] starved19. [A] off[B] against[C] behind[D] into20. [A] technological[B] professional[C] educational[D] interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failedto "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more toprovide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.A．gained great popularityB．created many jobsC．strengthened community tiesD．become an official festival22. The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" has failed to_____.A．boost population growthB．promote sport participationC．improve the city's imageD．increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in thatit_____.A．aims at discovering talentsB．focuses on mass competitionC．does not emphasize elitismD．does not attract first-timers24.With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____.A．organize "grassroots" sports eventsB．supervise local sports associationsC．increase funds for sports clubsD．invest in public sports facilities25. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.A．tolerantB．criticalC．uncertainD．sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, "and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting ona blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. "Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressi ons of an emotional need," says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean t here’s no value to it－particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.A．simplify routine mattersB．absorb user attentionC．better interpersonal relationsD．increase work efficiency27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______.A．takes away babies’ appetiteB．distracts children’s attentionC．slows down babies’ verbal developmentD．reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______.A．it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions B．verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC．children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ moodD．parents need to respond to children's emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.A．protect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB．teach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearC．ensure constant interaction with their childrenD．remain concerned about kid's use of screens30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.A．give their parents some free timeB．make their parents more creativeC．help them with their homeworkD．help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits －in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes－all things that first-year students often strugglewith the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not takinga gap year is that_____.A．they think it academically misleadingB．they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC．it feels strange to do differently from othersD．it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____.A．keep students from being unrealisticB．lower risks in choosing careersC．ease freshmen’s financial burdensD．relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word “acclimation”（Line 8, Para. 3） is closest in meaning to_____.A．adaptationB．applicationC．motivationD．competition34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.A．avoid academic failuresB．establish long-term goalsC．switch to another collegeD．decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be_____.A．In Favor of the Gap YearB．The ABCs of the Gap YearC．The Gap Year Comes BackD．The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work－such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep －that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,” he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been onclimate change－how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways," he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to "an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they_____.A．exhausted unprecedented management effortsB．consumed a record-high percentage of budgetC．severely damaged the ecology of western statesD．caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure37. Moritz calls for the use of "a magnifying glass" to _____.A．raise more funds for fire-prone areasB．avoid the redirection of federal moneyC．find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD．guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that _____.A．public debates have not settled yetB．fire-fighting conditions are improvingC．other factors should not be overlookedD．a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____.A．discover the fundamental makeup of natureB．explore the mechanism of the human systemsC．maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD．understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.A．do away withB．come to terms withC．pay a price forD．keep away fromPart BDirections：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the rightcolumn. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. "We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his ownmade-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages. "They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming[into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their fatherand mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is."Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)46. My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course.However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!Section IV WritingPart A51 Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to1）Accept the invitation, and2）Introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead.Do not write the address .(10 points)52. Directions:Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)You should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)参考答案1. C 空格之后的宾语从句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”结合选项，应该选择warning。

20XX年考研《英语(二)》阅读理解真题(文字版)第2页-考研.doc

2019年考研《英语(二)》阅读理解真题(文字版)第2页-考研Text3Americanfarmershavebeencomplainingofla borshortagesforseveralyearsnow.Givenamul ti-yeardeclineinillegalimmigration,andasimi larlysustainedpickupintheU.S.jobmarket,th ecomplaintsareunlikelytostopwithoutanover haulofimmigrationrulesforfarmworkers.Effortstocreateamorestraightforwardagricu ltural-workersvisathatwouldenableforeignw orkerstostaylongerintheU.S.andchangejobs withintheindustryhavesofarfailedinCongress.Ifthisdoesn’tchange,Americanbusinesses,communitiesa ndconsumerswillbethelosers.PerhapshalfofU.S.farmlaborersareundocum entedimmigrants.Asfewersuchworkersenter theU.S.,thecharacteristicsoftheagricultural workforcearechanging.Today’sfarmlaborers,whilestillpredominantlyborni nMexico,aremorelikelytobesettled,rathertha nmigrating,andmorelikelytobemarriedthans ingle.Theyarealsoaging.Atthestartofthiscent ury,aboutone-thirdofcropworkerswereovert heageof35.Now,morethanhalfare.Andcroppi ckingishardonolderbodies.Oneoft-debatedc ureforthislaborshortageremainsasimplausib leasithasbeenallalong:NativeU.S.workerswo n’tbereturningtothefarm.Mechanizationisnottheanswereither—notye tatleast.Productionofcorn,cotton,rice,soybea nsandwheathavebeenlargelymechanized,but manyhigh-value,labor-intensivecrops,sucha sstrawberries,needlabor.Evendairyfarms,w hererobotscurrentlydoonlyasmallshareofmil king,havealongwaytogobeforetheyareautomated.Asaresult,farmshavegrownincreasinglyrelia ntontemporaryguestworkersusingtheH-2Avi satofillthegapsintheagriculturalworkforce.S tartingaround2012,requestsforthevisasroses harply;from2011to2016thenumberofvisasissuedmorethandoubled.TheH-2Avisahasnonumericalcap,unlikethe H-2Bvisafornonagriculturalwork,whichisli mitedto66,000annually.Evenso,employersfre quentlycomplainthattheyaren’tallottedalltheworkerstheyneed.Theprocessi scumbersome,expensiveandunreliable.Ones urveyfoundthatbureaucraticdelaysledH-2A workerstoarriveonthejobanaverageof22day slate.Andtheshortageiscompoundedbyfeder alimmigrationraids,whichremovesomework ersanddriveothersunderground.Ina2012survey，71percentoftree-fruitgrowersandnearly80pe rcentofraisinandberrygrowerssaidtheywere shortoflabor.Somewesterngrowershaveresp ondedbymovingoperationstoMexico.From1 998-2000,14.5percentofthefruitAmericansco nsumedwasimported.Littlemorethanadecad elater,theshareofimportedfruithadincreasedto25.8percent.Ineffect,theU.S.canimportfoodoritcanimpor ttheworkerswhopickit.31.Whatproblemshouldbeaddressedaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.DiscriminationagainstforeignworkersintheU.S.B.BiasedlawsinfavorofsomeAmericanbusinesses.C.FlawsinU.S.immigrationrulesforfarmworkers.D.DeclineofjobopportunitiesinU.S.agriculture.32.OnetroublewithU.S.agriculturalworkforceis_______.A.therisingnumberofillegalimmigrantsB.thehighmobilityofcropworkersC.thelackofexperiencedlaborersD.theagingofimmigrantfarmworkers33.Whatisthemuch-arguedsolutiontothelaborshortageinU.S.farming?A.Toattractyoungerlaborerstofarmwork.B.TogetnativeU.S.workersbacktofarming.C.Tousemorerobotstogrowhigh-valuecrops.D.Tostrengthenfinancialsupportforfarmers.34.AgriculturalemployerscomplainabouttheH-2Avisaforits___.A.slowgrantingproceduresB.limitondurationofstayC.tightenedrequirementsD.controlofannualadmissions35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.U.S.AgricultureinDecline?B.ImportFoodorLabor?C.AmericaSavedbyMexico?D.Manpowervs.Automation?Text4AmoldSchwarzenegger,DiaMirzaandAdrian Grenierhaveamessageforyou:It’seasytobeat plastic.They’repartofabunchofcele britiessta rringinanewvideoforWorldEnvironmentDa y—encouragingyou,theconsumer,toswapout yoursingle-useplasticstapleslikestrawsandcu tlerytocombattheplasticscrisis.Thekeymessagesthathavebeenputtogetherfo rWorldEnvironmentDaydoincludeacallforg overnmentstoenactlegislationtocurbsingle-u seplastics.Buttheoverarchingmessageisdirectedatindividuals.Myconcernwithleavingituptotheindividual,h owever,isourlimitedsenseofwhatneedstobeac hieved.Ontheirown,takingourownbagstothe grocerystoreorquittingplasticstraws,forexa mple,willaccomplishlittleandrequireverylittl eofus.Theycouldevenbedetrimental,satisfyin ganeedtohave“doneourbit”withouteverprog ressingontobigger,bolder,moreeffectiveactio ns—akindof“morallicensing”thatallaysourc oncernsandstopsusdoingmoreandaskingmoreofthoseincharge.Whiletheconversationaroundourenvironme ntandourresponsibilitytowarditremainscent eredonshoppingbagsandstraws,we’reignori ngthebalanceofpowerthatimpliesthatas“con sumers”wemustshopsustainably,ratherthan as“citizens”holdourgovernmentsandindustr iestoaccounttopushforrealsystemicchange.It’simportanttoacknowledgethattheenviron mentisn’teveryone’spriority–orevenmostpeo ple’s.Weshouldn’texpectittobe.Inherlatestbo ok,WhyGoodPeopleDoBadEnvironmentalT hings,WellesleyCollegeprofessorElizabethR. DeSombrearguesthatthebestwaytocollectivel ychangethebehavioroflargenumbersofpeopl eisforthechangetobestructural.Thismightmeanimplementingpolicysuchasa plastictaxthataddsacosttoenvironmentallypr oblematicaction,orbanningsingle-useplastics altogether.Indiahasjustannounceditwil l“eli minateallsingle-useplasticinthecountryby20 22.”Therearealsoincentive-basedwaysofmak ingbetterenvironmentalchoiceseasier,suchas ensuringrecyclingisatleastaseasyastrashdisposal.DeSombreisn’tsayingpeopleshouldstopcarin gabouttheenvironment.It’sjustthati ndividua lactionsaretooslow,shesays,forthattobetheon ly,orevenprimary,approachtochangingwidespreadbehavior.Noneofthisisaboutwritingofftheindividual.It ’sjustaboutputtingthingsintoperspective.We don’thavetimetowait.Weneedprogressivepol iciesthatshapecollectiveaction(andreininpoll utingbusinesses),alongsideengagedcitizenspushingforchange.36.SomecelebritiesstarinanewvideotoA.demandnewlawsontheuseofplasticsB.urgeconsumerstocuttheuseofplasticsC.invitepublicopinionontheplasticscrisisD.disclosethecausesoftheplasticscrisis37.Theauthorisconcernedthat“morallicensing”mayA.misleadusintodoingworthlessthingsB.preventusfrommakingfurthereffortsC.weakenoursenseofaccomplishmentD.suppressourdesireforsuccess38.Bypointingouto uridentityas“citizens,”,theauthorindicatesthatA:ourfocusshouldbeshiftedtocommunitywelfareB:ourrelationshipwithlocalindustriesisimprovingC:WehavebeenactivelyexercisingourcivilrightsD:Weshouldpressourgovernmenttoleadthecombat39.DeSombrearguesthatthebestwayforacollectivechangeshouldbeA:awin-winarrangementB:aself-drivenmechanismC:acost-effectiveapproachD:atopdownprocess40.TheauthorconcludesthatindividualeffortsA:canbetooaggressive B:canbetooinconsistent C:arefarfromsufficient D:arefarfromrationalPartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext. ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA -Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Mar kyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points) FivewaystomakeconversationwithanyoneInchoosinganewhome,CamilleMcClain’skidshaveasingledemand:abackyard.McClain’slittleonesaren’ttheonlykidswhohaveanopinionwhenitcomes tohousing,andinmanycasesyoungsters’viewsweighheavilyonparents’realestatedecisions,accordingtoa2018Harris Pollsurveyofmorethan2,000U.S.adults.Whilemorefamiliesbuckanolder-generation proclivitytoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealesta tedecisions,realtyagentsandpsychologistshav emixedviewsaboutthefinancial,personalandl ong-termeffectskids’opinionsmayhave.Theideaofinvolvingchildreninabigdecisionis agreatideabecauseitcanhelpthemfeelasenseo fcontrolandownershipinwhatcanbeanoverw helmingprocess,saidRyanHooper,aclinicalpsychologistinChicago.“Childrenmayfaceseriousdifficultiesincopin gwithsignificantmoves,especiallyifitremoves themfromtheircurrentschoolorsupportsystem,”hesaid.GregJaroszewski,arealestatebrokerswithGa gliardoRealtyAssociates,saidhe’snotconvincedthatkidsshouldbeinvolvedinse lectingahome---buttheiropinionsshouldbeco nsideredinregardstoproximitytofriendsands ocialactivities,ifpossible.Youngerchildrenshouldfeellikethey’rechoosingtheirhome---withoutactuallygetti ngachoiceinthematter,saidAdamBailey,areal estateattorneybasedinNewYork.Askingthemquestionsaboutwhattheylikeabo utthebackyardofapotentialhomewillmakethemfeellikethey’rebeingincludedinthedecision-makingprocess,Baileysaid.Manyoftheaspectsofhomebuyingaren’taconsiderationforchildren,saidTraceyHam pson,arealestateagentbasedinSantaClarita, Calif.Andplacingtoomuchemphasisontheiro pinionscanruinafantastichomepurchase.“Speakingwithyourchildrenbeforeyoumake arealestatedecisioniswise,butIwouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions.”Hampsonsaid.Theotherissueisthatmanychildren-especially olderones-maybasetheirrealestateknowledge onHGTVshows,saidAaronNorrisofTheNorr isGroupinRiverside,Calif.“TheyloveChipandJoannaGainesjustasmuc hastherestofus,”hesaid.“HGTVhasseriously changedhowpeopleviewrealestate.It’snotshelter,it’salifestyle.Withthatmindsetchangecomesom eseriousmoneyconsequence s.”Kidstendtogetstuckinthefeaturesandtheimm ediatebenefitstothempersonally,Norrissaid.Parentsneedtoremindtheirchildrenthattheir needsanddesiresmaychangeovertime,saidJul ieGurner,arealestateanalystwithFitSmallBu.“Theiropinionscanchangetomorrow,”Gurne rsaid.“Harshasitmaybetosay,thatdecisionsh ouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butrathermadeforthemwithgreatc onsiderationintowhathomecanmeettheirnee dsbest-andgivethemanopportunitytocustomi zeitabitandmakeittheirown.”Thisadviceismorerelevantnowthaneverbefor e,evenasmoreparentswanttoembracetheidea softheirchildren,despitethecurrenthousingcrunch.F.believesthathomebuyingdecisionsshouldbe basedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.G.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonreal estateareinfluencedbythemedia.。

2020年考研《英语二》答案：阅读理解(文字版)

2020年考研《英语二》答案：阅读理解（文字版）Directions：Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.[A]Be silly[B]Have fun[C]Express your emotions[D]Don't overthink it[E]Be easily pleased[F]Notice things[G]Ask for helpAs adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41._______C_______What does a child do when he's sad?He cries.When he's angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we growup,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.that's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,and then-again.like children-move.42.______E_______A couple of Christmases ago,my youngest stepdaughter,who was nine years old at the time ,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn't stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels.instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43._________A_____________Have you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones like endorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection.All of which,of course,have a positive effect on happiness levels.44.________B___________The problem with being a grown up is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work,mortgagepayments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.Those things might besocial,sporting,creative or completely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)--it doesn't matter,so long asthey're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45.________D___________Having said all of the above,it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said："Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness."And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.考后注重：>>>2020年考研真题及答案专题>>>2020年考研成绩查询时间及入口专题>>>2020年考研国家线、分数线专题。

英语阅读理解真题考研二级

英语阅读理解真题考研二级英语阅读理解真题考研二级1Text3Even in traditional offices，"the lingua franca of corporate America has gottenmuch more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，" said Ha rva rd Business School professor Nancy Koehn She sta rted spinning off examples."If you and I pa rachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey, mission,passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didn't talk about energy;we didn't talk about passion."Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabula ry is very "team"-oriented-and not by coincidence."Let's not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，it's still a big deal. It's not explicitly conscious;it's the idea that I'm a coach，and you're my team，and we're in this togethec. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win".These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khu rana points out，increase allegiance to the firm."You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，"saidKhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The "mommy wars" of the 1990s a re still going ontoday, prompting arguments about whywomen still can'thave it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In，whose title has become abuzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，andcapacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But ifyour work is your "passion," you'II be more likely to devote yourself to it，even ifthat means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bedBut this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of it，butmanage rs love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb itAs Nunberg said，"You can get people to think it's nonsense at the same timethat you buy into it." In a workplace that's fundamentally indiffe rent to your lifeand its meaning office speak can help you figu re out how you relate to yourwork-and how your work defines who you are31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become________[A]more e motional[B]more objective[C]less energetic[D]less energetic[E]less strategic32."team"-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to________[A]historical incidents[B]gender difference[C]sports culture[D]athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to________[A]revive historical terms[B]promote company image[C]foster corporate cooperation[D]strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In_________[A]voices for working women[B]appeals to passionate workaholics[C]triggers dcbates among mommies[D]praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Managers admire it but avoid it[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C]Companies find it to be fundamental[D]Regular people mock it but accept it英语阅读理解真题考研二级2Text 3That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times.” But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, “is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is thatone is actually inclined to interruption.” Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, “becoming more efficient” is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. “The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them.” No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside time's flow” into “soul time.” You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. “Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're “making time to read,” but just reading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques don’t work because .[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The “empty bottles” metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .[A] update their to-do lists[B] make passing time fulfilling[C] carry their plans through[D] pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set[B] develop online reading habits[C] promote ritualistic reading[D] achieve immersive reading34. “Carry a book with you at all times”can work if .[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B] How to Find Time to Read[C] How to Set Reading Goals[D] How to Read Extensively英语阅读理解真题考研二级3Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we arelikely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. T o accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the i maginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snao decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. Toreverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘‘thin sliced ’’study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtful英语阅读理解真题考研二级4Text 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media – such as television commercials and print advertisements –still play a major role，companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media ，such marketers act as the initiator for users‘ responses. But in some cases，one marketer’s owned media become another marketer‘s paid media – for instance， when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend ，which we believe is still in its infancy，effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson， for example， has created BabyCenter， a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income， the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective，gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing， and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker， more visible， and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media：an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers，other stakeholders，or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks，for instance，are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens，passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products， putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case，the company‘s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful， and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor，for example，alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign，which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create “earned” media when they are[A] obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B] inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C] eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D] enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32. According to Paragraph 2，sold media feature[A] a safe business environment.[B] random competition.[C] strong user traffic.[D] flexibility in organization.33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media[A] invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B] can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C] may be responsible for fiercer competition.[D] deserve all the negative comments about them.34. Toyota Motor‘s experience is cited as an example of[A] responding effectively to hijacked media.[B] persuading customers into boycotting products.[C] cooperating with supportive consumers.[D] taking advantage of hijacked media.35. Which of the following is the text mainly about ?[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C] Dominance of hijacked media.[D] Popularity of owned media.。

2023年考研英语二真题及答案解析之阅读理解

2023年考研英语二真题及答案解析之阅读理解Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Here's a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you're the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice _1__ , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is _2_ growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus _3_ on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real -world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees. Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8, when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12, the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14, upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth, team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement. This leader will 16_ the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals.This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don't 20 the current goal and need to de put on the back burner.。

考研历年英二真题阅读文

考研历年英二真题阅读文上下文、时间、空间、情景、对象、话语前提等与词汇使用有关的都是语境因素。

大家需要留心一点，同个单词在不同的语言环境、抑或和不同的词汇搭配，就有产生不同含义。

下文是我为你精心编辑整理的考研历年英二真题阅读文，希望对你有所帮助，更多内容，请点击相关栏目查看，谢谢!考研历年英二真题阅读文1Text 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing-Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $l3.5bn,but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesnt have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. What political journalist, whatparty whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Therea Mays enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of Change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services dont pay for them. The users of their Services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them-and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product theyre selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to date for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew the produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spamme out of our inboxes. It doesnt feel like a human or democraticrelationship, even if both sides benefit.31. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its .[A] digital products[B] user information[C] physical assets[D] quality service32. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may .[A] worsen political disputes[B] mess up customer records[C] pose a risk to Facebook users[D] mislead the European commission33. According to the author, competition law .[A] should sever the new market powers[B] may worsen the economic imbalance[C] should not provide just one legal solution[D] cannot keep pace with the changing market34. Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because .[A] they are not defined as customers[B] they are not financially reliable[C] the services are generally digital[D] the services are paid for by advertisers35. The ants analogy is used to illustrate .[A] a win-win business model between digital giants[B] a typical competition pattern among digital giants[C] the benefits provided for digital giants ’customers[D] the relationship between digital giants and their users考研历年英二真题阅读文2Text3Even in traditional offices，the lingua franca of corporate America has gottenmuch more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，said Ha rva rd Business School professor Nancy Koehn She sta rted spinning off examples.If you and I pa rachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey, mission,passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didnt talk about energy;we didnt talk about passion.Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabula ry is very team-oriented-and not by coincidence.Lets not forget sDorts-inmale-dominated corporate America，its still a big deal. Its not explicitly conscious;its the idea that Im a coach，and youre my team，and were in this togethec. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and theywant to win.These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khu rana points out，increase allegiance to the firm.You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，saidKhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The mommy wars of the 1990s a re still going on today, prompting arguments about whywomen still canthave it all and books like Sheryl Sandbergs Lean In，whose title has become abuzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，andcapacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But ifyour work is your passion, youII be more likely to devote yourself to it，even ifthat means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed But this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of it，butmanage rs love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb itAs Nunberg said，You can get people to think its nonsense at the same timethat you buy into it. In a workplace thats fundamentally indiffe rent to your lifeand its meaning office speak can help you figu re out how you relate to yourwork-and how your work defines who you are31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language hasbecome________[A]more e motional[B]more objective[C]less energetic[D]less energetic[E]less strategic32.team-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely relatedto________[A]historical incidents[B]gender difference[C]sports culture[D]athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to________[A]revive historical terms[B]promote company image[C]foster corporate cooperation[D]strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In_________[A]voices for working women[B]appeals to passionate workaholics[C]triggers dcbates among mommies[D]praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Managers admire it but avoid it[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C]Companies find it to be fundamental[D]Regular people mock it but accept it考研历年英二真题阅读文3Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies arehard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto foundthat viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed tofast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation andreverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snao decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. Toreverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘‘thin sliced ’’study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtful考研历年英二真题阅读文4Text 4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy. Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure project, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enoughnew homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing ?4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2023,is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition’s spending plans if returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate.36. The author believes that the housing sector__[A] has attracted much attention[B] involves certain political factors[C] shoulders too much responsibility[D] has lost its real value in economy37. It can be learned that affordable housing has__[A] increased its home supply[B] offered spending opportunities[C] suffered government biases[D] disappointed the government38. According to Paragraph 5,George Osborne may_______.[A] allow greater government debt for housing[B] stop local authorities from building homes[C] prepare to reduce housing stock debt[D] release a lifted GDP growth forecast39.It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would_______.[A]lower the costs of registered providers[B]lessen the impact of government interference[C]contribute to funding new developments[D]relieve the ministers of responsibilities40.The author believes that after 2023,the governmentmay______.[A]implement more policies to support housing[B]review the need for large-scale public grants[C]renew the affordable housing grants programme[D]stop generous funding to the housing sector。

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