2018年上半年全国大学英语六级考试

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2018年六级三套考试试卷答案汇总

试卷一翻译一：图书馆【中文原文】中国越来越重视公共图书馆，并鼓励人们充分加以利用。

新近公布的统计数字表明，中国的公共图书馆数量在逐年增长。

许多图书馆通过翻新和扩建，为读者创造了更为安静、舒适的环境。

大型公共图书馆不仅提供种类繁多的参考资料，而且定期举办讲座、展览等活动。

近年来，也出现了许多数字图书馆，从而节省了存放图书所需的空间。

一些图书馆还推出了自助服务系统，使读者借书还书更加方便，进一步满足了读者的需求。

【参考译文】China is putting increasing emphasis on public libraries and encouraging the public to make full use of(take full advantage of) them. The latest statistics suggest that the number of public libraries is increasing annually. Many libraries can offer readers a quieter and cozier environment through renovation and expansion. Large public libraries not only provide a wide variety of references, but also hold activities like lectures, exhibitions and so on. In recent years, many digital libraries have emerged, which saves a lot of space used to store books. Some libraries even provide self-service system to further meet readers’demands ,which enables readers to borrow and return books more easily / conveniently.专业学习与课外活动On today’s campus life, it is universally acknowledged that a host of college students find it increasingly challenging to decide whether they should focus on academic study or spend adequate time participating in extracurricular activities.It is apparent that this question can be naturally linked to a long-discussed topic: which is more important? Academic study or extracurricular activities? I, as a college student, firmly hold the view that university students should strike a good balance between the two sides. First and foremost, they should give priority to their academic study, which is their primary task. It is academic study that renders it possible for them to cultivate their analytical, creative and innovative abilities which will lay a solid foundation for their future research and work. Additionally, students should attach due importance to extracurricular activities where they can apply the knowledge and theories they have acquired to test what they have learned. Taking a look around, we can see some wrong practice: some students only focus on knowledge learning while ignoring the value of extracurricular activities. From my perspective, it is inadvisable for them to do so.Without participating in these activities, it would be impossible for them to promote their practical skills and comprehensive qualities.In a nutshell, it is high time that teachers and parents should advise college students to combine academic learning with extracurricular activities. Only when the two aspects are perfectly balanced can students fully enhance their comprehensive qualities and explore their potentials. 在当今的校园生活中，许多大学生感到越来越难决定是应该关注专业学习还是应该花足够的时间去参加课外活动，这已经成为一个普遍现象。

六级英语真题2018年6月(第三套)试卷及答案详解

That is why we welcome Mr. Musk's latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots addto the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to read world-class journalism, we should be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.
—1—
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains 叫ormation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from咖ch the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League school
And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, 31 , be likehaving a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one—or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond thepower of Mr. Musk's imagined machine, at least someone to chop the carrots, wash the car andmow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money andtime, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to read a good book.

2018年12月15日全国大学英语四、六级考试.doc

2018年12月15日全国大学英语四、六级考试李四光楼工作人员细则一、考试时间：2018年12月15日（星期六）四级：上午9：00—11：20、六级：下午15：00-17：25二、考试地点：吉林大学前卫南区李四光楼三、考场总数：六级49个考场四、考务人员安排考试总负责人：王利锋主考：胡亮业务主考：王守宏副主考：赵罡董英男考务负责人：徐丽梅安保：宫皓宇陈国忠五、岗位职责主考职责 1、全面负责本考点考试的组织实施工作；2、负责对监考和其他考务人员进行考务培训；3、负责核查和交接本考点的试卷和其他资料，并确保试卷安全；4、全面掌握考试的实施进程和状态，并及时协助处理考试中发生的意外情况；5、负责主考报告的填写和有关资料的汇总工作。

巡考职责 1、全面负责本考区考试的组织实施工作；2、负责本考点考试过程中巡视工作；3、负责处理考试中意外情况。

工作人员 1、在考试前接受培训，熟悉考务和布置考场的各项工作；2、负责发放及回收试题册和答题卡等考试材料；3、负责检查考试中监考考务工作；4、负责处理考试中特殊情况。

正监考职责 1、在考试前接受培训，熟悉考务和布置考场的各项工作；2、严格按照考试的要求认真布置和检查考场；3、负责考试材料的领取清点，确保考试材料的安全和保密；4、严格按程序和要求主持考试；5、防止、阻止和处理考场中发生的各种违纪行为，并如实认真填写考场记录；6、指导副监考进行工作。

副监考职责 1、在考试前接受培训，熟悉考务和布置考场各项工作；2、在考前做好考场的布置工作以及考试的准备工作；3、核验考生的身份证件；4、准确地分发和回收试卷和答题卡；5、协助正监考维持考场秩序，防止和阻止考生偷窃试卷、抄袭、提前拆卷等违纪行为的发生；6、指导考生正确填写试卷和答题卡；7、副监考有权制止未佩带考点工作人员标志的人员进入考场。

项目主管职责 1、负责考试的报名工作；2、负责接收编排数据，前期策划工作；3、负责安排调配工作人员、监考等考务人员；4、负责前期各项协调准备及后期缺考违纪信息等上报工作；5、全面掌握考试当天各项工作进展情况，全面指导并及时协调处理意外情况。

(完整word)2018年6月英语六级真题和答案(三套)

2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States。

At some 1000 miles， the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada。

But these waterways seem minute in comparison to the world’s 2 len gthiest rivers: the Nile and the Amazon.The Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterranean hosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along its shores。

Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually， thereby creating， irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood。

As a means of transportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length。

A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass by the splendid valley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over 3000 years。

2018年6月英语四级考试真题及答案第1套

2018年6月英语四级考试真题及答案第1套Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B)A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C)A father's message for his daughter.D)The history of a century-old motel.2.A)She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B)She wanted to honor her father's promise.C)She had been asked by her father to do so.D)She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)People were concerned about the number of bees.B)Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C)Two million bees were infected with disease.D)Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.4.A)It apologized to its customers.B)It was forced to kill its bees.C)It lost a huge stock of bees.D)It lost2.5million dollars.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)It stayed in the air for about two hours.B)It took off and landed on a football field.C)It proved to be of high commercial value.D)It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.6.A)Engineering problems.B)The air pollution it produced.C)Inadequate funding.D)The opposition from the military.7.A)It uses the latest aviation technology.B)It flies faster than a commercial jet.C)It is a safer means of transportation.D)It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It seems a depressing topic.B)It sounds quite alarming.C)It has little impact on our daily life.D)It is getting more serious these days.9.A)The man doesn't understand Spanish.B)The woman doesn't really like dancing.C)They don't want something too noisy.D)They can't make it to the theatre in time.10.A)It would be more fun without Mr.Whitehead hosting.B)It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention.C)It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D)It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11.A)Watch a comedy.B)Go and see the dance.C)Book the tickets online.D)See a film with the man.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B)She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C)There are too many activities for her to cope with.D)She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13.A)Seek advice from senior students.B)Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C)Participate in after-school activities.D)Look into what the school offers.14.A)Give her help whenever she needs it.B)Accept her as a transfer student.C)Find her accommodation on campus.D)Introduce her to her roommates.15.A)She has interests similar to Mr.Lee's.B)She has become friends with Catherine.C)She has chosen the major Catherine has.D)She has just transferred to the college.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.B)To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C)To discover what most mice like to eat.D)To determine what feelings mice have.17.A)When they are hungry.B)When they are thirsty.C)When they smell food.D)When they want company.18.A)They search for food in groups.B)They are overweight when food is plenty.C)They prefer to be with other mice.D)They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Its construction started before World War I.B)Its construction cost more than$40billion.C)It is efficiently used for transport.D)It is one of the best in the world.20.A)To improve transportation in the countryside.B)To move troops quickly from place to place.C)To enable people to travel at a higher speed.D)To speed up the transportation of goods.21.A)In the1970s.B)In the1960s.C)In the1950s.D)In the1940s.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)Chatting while driving.B)Messaging while driving.C)Driving under age.D)Speeding on highways.23.A)A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.B)A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C)A device to control the speed of a vehicle.D)A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24.A)The car keeps flashing its headlights.B)The car slows down gradually to a halt.C)They are alerted with a light and a sound.D)They get a warning on their smart phone.25.A)Installing a camera.B)Using a connected app.C)Checking their emails.D)Keeping a daily record.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)A)Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework,take quizzes,and turn in homework.As universities go digital,students are complaining of a new hit to their finances that's replacing—and sometimes joining—expensive textbooks:pricey online access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.B)The codes—which typically range in price from$80to$155per course—give students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies,which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers,have boasted that their new online offerings,when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent the future of the industry.C)But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos(观念)of the textbook business,and are even harder for students to opt out of.While they could once buy second-hand textbooks,or share copies with friends,the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.D)"When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断),a new way to lock students around this system,"said Ethan Senack,the higher education advocate for the U.S.Public Interest Research Group,to BuzzFeed News."Rather than$250(for a print textbook)you're paying$120,"said Senack."But because it's all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code,it eliminates any ability to opt out."E)Sarina Harpet,a19-year-old student at Virginia Tech,was faced with a tough dilemma when she first started college in2015—pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect,a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework,take exams and track their grades.But the code to access the program cost$120—a big sum for Harper,who had already put down$450for textbooks,and had rent day approaching.F)She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck,which was typically$150-$200, to pay for the code.She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result."It's a balancing act,"she said."Can I really afford these access codes now?"She didn't hand in her first two assignments for chemistry,which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G)The access codes may be another financial headache for students,but for textbook businesses,they're the future.McGraw Hill,which controls21%of the higher education market,reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in2015.The company said that45%of its$140million revenue in2015"was derived from digital products."H)A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that"digital materials are less expensive and a good investment"that offer new features,like audio texts,personalized knowledge checks and expert videos.Its digital course materials save students up to60%compared totraditional printed textbooks,the company added.McGraw Hill didn't respond to a request for comment,but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that"in higher education,the era of the printed textbook is now over."I)The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. "These digital products aren't just mechanisms for students to submit homework,they offer all kinds of features,"David Anderson,the executive director of higher education with the Association of American Publishers,told BuzzFeed News."It helps students understand in a way that you can't do with print homework assignments."J)David Hunt,an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University,which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments,told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes.But he doesn't require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments."I try to make things as inexpensive as possible,"said Hunt,who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum."The online systems may make my life a lot easier but I feel like I'm giving up control.The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit the students most."K)A20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends$500-$600on access codes for class.In one case,the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook,just an access code to turn in homework.This year she said she spent$900on access codes to books and programs."That's two months of rent," she said."You can't sell any of it back.With a traditional textbook you can sell it for$30-$50and that helps to pay for your new semester's books.With an access code,you're out of that money."L)Benjamin Wolverton,a19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina,told BuzzFeed News that"it's ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these access codes to do our homework."Many of the access codes he's purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes."Often it's only10%of your grade in class."he said."You're paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade—but if you didn't have it,it would affect your grades enough.It would be bad to start out at a B or C."Wolverton said he spent$500on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.M)Harper,a poultry(家禽)science major,is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework.She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about$20each.But her access codes for homework,which can't be rented or bought second-hand,were her most expensive purchases:$120and$85.N)She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices."We don't really have a missed assignment policy,"she said."If you miss it,you just miss it.I just got zeros on a couple of first assignments.I managed to pull everythingback up.But as a scared freshman looking at their grades,it's not fun."36.A student's yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.37.The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38.If a student takes a course again,they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments.39.McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.40.Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products,which they believe will be the future of the publishing business.41.One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.42.Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional printed books according to a publisher.43.One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.44.Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise for their students.45.Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B), C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46and50are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary.We know the risk of dementia(痴呆症)increases with age.But if you have memory slips,you probably needn't worry.There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss. After age50,it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people,places and things quickly,says Dr.Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. The brain ages just like the rest of the body.Certain parts shrink,especially areas in the brain that are important to learning,memory and planning.Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain.And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie,for example,is nothing to worry about.But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it,that's far more concerning,Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences,he says,that's"a red flag that something more serious may be involved."Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven,or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then,Daffner says,people shouldn't panic.There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss,including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep,high blood pressure,or depression,as well as medications(药物)like antidepressants.You don't have to figure this out on your own.Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications,health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory.And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive (认知的)reserve,Daffner says."Read books,go to movies,take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,"he says.In other words,keep your brain busy and working.And also get physically active,because exercise is a known brain booster.46.Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips?A)Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.B)They occur only among certain groups of people.C)Not all of them are related to one's age.D)They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.47.What happens as we become aged according to the passage?A)Our interaction skills deteriorate.B)Some parts of our brain stop functioning.C)Communication within our brain weakens.D)Our whole brain starts shrinking.48.Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?A)Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.B)Inability to recall details of one's life experiences.C)Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.D)Occasionally confusing the addresses of one's friends.49.What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?A)Check the brain's cognitive reserve.B)Stop medications affecting memory.C)Turn to a professional for assistance.D)Exercise to improve their well-being.50.What is Dr.Daffner's advice for combating memory loss?A)Having regular physical and mental checkups.B)Taking medicine that helps boost one's brain.C)Engaging in known memory repair activities.D)Staying active both physically and mentally.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.A letter written by Charles Darwin in1875has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives(档案馆)by the FBI after being stolen twice."We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,"says Effie Kapsalis,head of the Smithsonian Insitution Archives."It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern(实习生),from what the FBI is telling us.Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes,"and the intern put the letter back."The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it."Decades passed.Finally,the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington,D.C.Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended.The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian's property. The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist,Dr.Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden,for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.The letter is in fairly good condition,in spite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long."It was luckily in good shape,"says Kapsalis,"and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it.It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly,but nothing that will prevent us from using it.After it is repaired,we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online.One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online."It would now be difficult for an intern,visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. "Archiving practices have changed greatly since the1970s,"says Kapsalis,"and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don't even have access to."51.What happened to Darwin's letter in the1970s?A)It was recovered by the FBI.B)It was stolen more than once.C)It was put in the archives for research purposes.D)It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.52.What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A)They proved its authenticity.B)They kept it in a special safe.C)They arrested the suspect immediately.D)They pressed criminal charges in vain.53.What is Darwin's letter about?A)The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.B)His cooperation with an American geologist.C)Some geological evidence supporting his theory.D)His acknowledgement of help from a professional.54.What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?A)Reserve it for research purposes only.B)Turn it into an object of high interest.C)Keep it a permanent secret.D)Make it available online.55.What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?A)Growing interest in rare art objects.B)Radical changes in archiving practices.C)Recovery of various missing documents.D)Increases in the value of museum exhibits.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。

2018年6月大学英语六级真题及答案(全三套)

2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some 1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute in comparison to the world’s 2 lengthiest rivers: the Nile and the Amazon.The Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterranean hosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along its shores. Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually, thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means of transportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass by the splendid valley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over 3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the Amazon, yet this 4000 mile-long south American river carries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. The Amazon is so wide at some points that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second, the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth stands one island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largest tropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19.What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10.In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11.What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities of business se minars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at the intercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in a British way. And, why should they? (Q19) If overseas business people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respect our traditions and methods. It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is not only polite, it is a central, if we want to sell British products overseas. First, a short quiz. Let’s see how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’s possessions. Question 3: how should you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4: where should you try to make all your appointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK, everyone had a chance to make some notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am sure that the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1: (Q20) you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. In international hotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with an India colleague, remember to avoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity of the people is without parallel. If you admire your colleague’s beautiful belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as a present. This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctly expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand, clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter” will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant and satisfying results. And finally, (Q21) in Spain, some businesses maintain the pattern of working until about 2 o’clock and then returning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,” the eternal nursery rhyme（儿歌）about girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26 reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating 27 characters. In honor of the poem publication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a write r, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and she was particularly 30 obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgivinx xg meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a nationwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditional festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of her life that “Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”.A）campaignB）career C）characters D）features E）fierce F）inspired G）latter H）obsessed I）proclamationJ）rectified K）reputed L）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world’s Seven Wonders. The pyramid’s exact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the "more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum of 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to 32 perfect. "We can only speculate as to how theEgyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dash writes. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away from the cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put our legs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot” tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent would ever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn(£8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one da y become so 29 they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with alacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could — 31 — be like having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one — or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at least some one to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to read world-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A)amassedB)casualC)emotionalD)enablingE)eventuallyF)exaggeratedG)extravagantH)generouslyI)misleadingJ)preciousK)rewardL)smartM)sphereN)terrifiedO)venture答案：26.D enabling27.A amassed28.N terrified29.L smart30.F exaggerated31.E eventually32.C emotional33.B casual34.J precious35.O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）is hampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the o ther.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at theUniversity of Barcelona. Scientists working under the b anner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neur ice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums（水族馆）, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The question is not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe’s other two main rice- growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rhône. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome（基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A.It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B.It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C.Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar i mportance.D.Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A.Striking the weaker enemy firstB.Killing two birds with one stoneC.Eliminating the enemy one by oneing one evil to combat the other48.What do we learn about “Project Neurice”?A.Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B.It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C.Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under c ontrol.D.It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate c hange.49.What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A.It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B.It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C.It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D.It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50.What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A.Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B.Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C.Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D.Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't. Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in theirmeals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A.It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B.It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C.It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D.It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out .A.what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB.whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC.how it could help to enrich people’s life experiencesD.Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53.What do the result s of Diehl’s experiments show that people taking photos?A.They are distracted from what they are doing.B.They can better remember what they see or do.C.They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D.They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A.They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B.They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C.They have a better view of what are on display.D.They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A.It is better to make plans before taking photos.B.Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C.Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D.Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。

2018年6月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)

2018年6月英语四级真题及答案（第一套）Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking/writing/reading ability and how to develop it。

You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。

[参考范文] It cannot be denied that reading plays a key role in people’s growth and development in any era。

The 21th century is a time of knowledge explosion and reading ability becomes increasingly important。

How to develop reading ability? Based on this concrete and meaningful question，some steps should be taken。

First and foremost，the main growth in your reading skill and ability will come from reading as much as 2 you can do。

Try to make a book list that you take interest in and make a practical plan。

Just as the proverb goes that，“Don’t bite off more than one can chew。

”Furthermore，a mastery of some reading skills is not only significant，but also indispensable。

2018年6月英语六级真题和答案(三套).doc

2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute inmazon.comparison to the world’s 2 lengthiest rivers: the Nile and the AThe Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterraneanhosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along its shores. Calm and peaceful for mostof the year, the Nile used to flood annually, thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoilto the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means oftransportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass by the splendidvalley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the Amazon,yet this 4000 mile-long south American river carries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. TheAmazon is so wide at some points that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second,the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth standsone island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largesttropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19. What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10. In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11. What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities of businessseminars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at theintercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks Englishand not everyone does business in a British way. And, why should they? (Q19) If overseasbusiness people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respectour traditions and methods. It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is notonly polite, it is a central, if we want to sel l British products overseas. First, a short quiz. Let’s s how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first andseventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’spossessions.Question 3: how should you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4:where should you try to make all your appointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK,everyone had a chance to make some notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am surethat the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1:(Q20) you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. In internationalhotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with an India colleague, remember toavoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity of the people is without parallel. If you admire yourl belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as acolleague’s beautifupresent. This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctlyexpect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand,will embarrass your hosts,clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter”　fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make aninconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant and satisfying results. And finally, (Q21)in Spain, some businesses maintain the pattern of working until about 2 o’clock and thenreturning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,”the eternal nursery rhyme（儿歌）aboutgirl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating 27 characters. In honor of the poempublication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and she was particularly 30obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgivinxxg mealsthat she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a nationwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditionalfestivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it.President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside the lastThursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author,it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followedto school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrotea poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it.However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of herlife that “Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”．A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of theexact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the Seven Wonders. The pyramid’sworld’s"more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum of 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed andbuilt the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to 32 perfect. "Wecan only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dash writes. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laidout their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away fromthe cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, whileits east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence tobuild domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put ourlegs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot” tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live onother planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent wouldever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn (￡8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypotheticalones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one daybecome so 29 they’llmurder all of us. These fears are mostly30 : as with hysteria aboutgenetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems withalacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could —31 — belike having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one —or, if that required 32 intelligencet some one to chop the carrots, wash thebeyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at leascar and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to savemoney and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add tothe sum of human happiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to readworld-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one jobrobots will never do.A) amassedB) casualC) emotionalD) enablingE) eventuallyF) exaggeratedG) extravagantH) generouslyI) misleadingJ) preciousK) rewardL) smartM) sphereN) terrifiedO) venture答案：26. D enabling27. A amassed28. N terrified29. L smart30. F exaggerated31. E eventually32. C emotional33. B casual34. J precious35. O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces-growing 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）ishampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant applesnail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy hasbecome to harness one foe against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona.are seeking varieties of rice that canScientists working under the banner “Project Neurice”　withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice idealfor traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.roject manager and researcher at the“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice pUniversity of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fightagainst climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta byGlobal Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums（水族馆）,but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limitedto the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The ques not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant ricethey’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Deltaand Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rh?ne. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all threecountries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asianvariety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations toarrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European ricegenome（基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A. It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B. It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A. Striking the weaker enemy firstB. Killing two birds with one stoneC. Eliminating the enemy one by oneD. Using one evil to combat the other48. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”？A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, andit's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presenceor absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets peoplemore engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus fora tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whateveryou're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B. It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out __________.A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC. how it could help to enrich people’s life experiencesD. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doingexperiments show that people taking photos?53.What do the results of Diehl’sA. They are distracted from what they are doing.B. They can better remember what they see or do.C. They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D. They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C. They have a better view of what are on display.D. They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。

(完整word版)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案(第三套),推荐文档

Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of (26)_______ Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾）.Nor is the state's bad air (27)_______ to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents' hearts and lungs are affected as a (28)_______.All of which, combined with California 's reputation as the home of technological (29)_______ , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in (30)_______ And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are (31)_______ to yield minute-to-minute maps of (32)_______ air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been (33)_______ with Google's Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima's boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco 's transit workers went onstrike and the city's (34)_______ were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to their job by (35)_______ pollution lows.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their Homework[A ] Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, takequizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hit to their finances that 's replacing一and sometimes joining—expensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.[B]The codes—which typically range in price from $80 to $ 155 per course—give students online accessto systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their new online offerings，when pushed to students through universities they partner with，represent the future of the industry.[C]But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos (观念)of the textbookbusiness, and are even harder for students to opt out of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.[D]“When we talk about access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断），a newway to lock students around this system，” said Ethan Senack，the higher education advocate for the U. S. Public Interest Re search Group, to BuzzFeed News. “Rather than $250 ( for a print textbook) you，re paying $120，” said Senack. But because it，s all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out.[E]Sanna Harper, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma when she firststarted college in 2015—pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access the program cost $ 120—a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.[F]She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $150 - $200, to pay for thecode. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. “It's a balancing act,” she said.“ Can I really afford these access codes now?” She didn 't hand in her first two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.[G ] The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, they'rethe future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. The company said that 45% of its $140 million revenue in 2015 “was derived from digital products”.[H]A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “digital materials are less expensive and a goodinvestment” that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didn't respond to a request for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that “ in higher education, the era of the printed textbo ok is now over”.[I]The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. “These digitalproducts aren 't just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features,n David Anderson, the executive director of higher education with the Association of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. w It helps students understand in a way that you can 't do with print homework assignments. ”[J]David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But he doesn't require his students to buy access toa learning program that controls the class assignments. “I try to make things as inexpensive aspossible,” said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum.“ The online systems may make my life a lot ea sier but I feel like I 'm giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit the students most. ”K] A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends $500 - $600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $900 on access codes to books and programs. “That's two months of rent,” she said. “You can't sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $30 - $50 and that helps to pay for your new semester's books.With an access code, you're out of that money. ''[L]Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that “ it 's ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these access codes to do our homework” • Many of the access codes he 's purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. “Often it's only 10% of your grade in class，” he said. “You're paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade一but if you didn 't have it，it would affect your grade enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C. n Wolverton said he spent $500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.[M] Harper, a poultry (家禽）science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about $20 each. But her access codes for homework, which can't be rented or bought second-hand, were hermost expensive purchases: $120 and $85.[N ] She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices.“We don't really have a missed assignment policy，” she said. “If you miss it，you just miss it. I just got zeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at their grades，it's not fun.”36.A student's yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.37.The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38.If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments.39.McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.40.Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe will be the future of the publishing business.41.One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.42.Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional printed books according to a publisher.43.One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.44.Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise for their students.45.Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business. Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain itto someone else. While we teach，we learn，”said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They re documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction.Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who 're learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learning themselves, teach others? One answer: They can tutor younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-bom siblings (兄弟姐妹）.This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic.But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the “ teachable agent ” —a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的）figure called Betty's Brain, who has been “taught” about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own thinking.Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors 'learning. The agents 'questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action.Above all，it 's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail，but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfaction from someone else 's accomplishment.46. What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?A)Seneca's thinking is still applicable today.B)Better learners will become better teachers.C)Human intelligence tends to grow with age.D)Philosophical thinking improves instruction.47. What do we learn about Betty's Brain?A)It is a character in a popular animation.B)It is a teaching tool under development.C)It is a cutting-edge app in digital games.D)It is a tutor for computer science students.48. How does teaching others benefit student tutors?A)It makes them aware of what they are strong at.B)It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching.C)It helps them learn their academic subjects better.D)It enables them to better understand their teachers.49.What do students do to teach their teachable agents?A)They motivate them to think independently.B)They ask them to design their own questions.C)They encourage them to give prompt feedback.D)They use various ways to explain the materials.50.What is the key factor that eases student tutors' learning?A)Their sense of responsibility.B)Their emotional involvement.C)The learning strategy acquired.D)The teaching experience gained.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A new batch of young women—members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的)generation has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they are better educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been—or than their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead，they see roadblocks to their success. They believe that women are paid less than men for doing the same j ob. They think it’s easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. Andthey assume that if and when they have children, it will be even harder for them to advance in their careers.While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women now than it did 20 - 30 years ago, most believe more change is needed. Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with 57% of Millennial men. Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.As Millennial women come of age they share many of the same views and values about work as their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they place relatively little importance on high pay. At the same time, however, young working women are less likely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they’ re not interested in becoming a boss or top manager；only 24% of young men say the same. The gender gap on this question is even wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that go with work and motherhood.These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2,002 adults, including 810 Millennial (ages 18 -32)，conducted Oct. 7 - 27, 2013. The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recent decades, young women view this as a man’s world—just as middle-aged and older women do.51.What do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?A)They can get ahead only by striving harder.B)They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.C)They are generally quite optimistic about their future.D)They are better educated than their male counterparts.52.How do most Millennial women feel about their treatment in the workplace?A)They are the target of discrimination.B)They find it satisfactory on the whole.C)They think it needs further improving.D)They find their complaints ignored.53.What do Millennial women value most when coming of age?A)A sense of accomplishment.B)Job stability and flexibility.C)Rewards and promotions.D)Joy derived from work.54.What are women in their 30s and 40s concerned about?A)The welfare of their children.B)The narrowing of the gender gap.C)The fulfillment of their dreams in life.D)The balance between work and family.55.What conclusion can be drawn about Millennial women from the 2013 survey?A)They still view this world as one dominated by males.B)They account for half the workforce in the job market.C)They see the world differently from older generations.D)They do better in work than their male counterparts.P art IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。

2018 年上半年CET 考试时间及开考科目安排 - 大学英语四六级考试

题目数量 1 7 8 10 10 10 10 1 57
分值比例 15% 7% 8% 20% 5% 10% 20% 15% 100%
考试时间 30 分钟
听力理解
长对话听力篇章词汇理解
25 分钟
阅读理解
长篇阅读仔细阅读
40 分钟
翻译
汉译英总计
30 分钟 125 分钟

CET6 考试内容
测试内容写作长对话听力篇章测试题型短文写作选择题（单选题）选择题（单选题）选择题（单选题）讲座词汇理解选词填空匹配选择题（选择题）段落翻译 10 10 10 1 5% 10% 20% 15% 30 分钟 40 分钟题目数量 1 8 7 10 分值比例 15% 8% 7% 30 分钟讲话/报道/ 20% 考试时间 30 分钟
4.报考 CET 各科目须符合考生所在学校规定的报考资格，报考 CET6 考生 CET4 成绩须在 425 分及以上。 5.英语科目考试内容 CET4 考试内容
试卷结构写作
测试内容写作短篇新闻
测试题型短文写作选择题（单选题）选择题（单选题）选择题（单选题）选词填空匹配选择题（单选题）段落翻译
2018 年上半年 CET 考试时间及开考科目安排
1.2018 年上半年全国大学英语四、六级考试(以下简称为“CET”)考试时间为 6 月 16 日。 2. 2018 年上半年开考科目为英语四级(以下简称为“CET4”)，英语六级(以下简称为“CET6”)、日语四级（以下简称为“CJT4”），日语六级（以下简称为 “CJT6” ），德语四级（以下简称为 “CGT4” ），德语六级（以下简称为 “CGT6” ），俄语四级（以下简称为“CRT4”），俄语六级（以下简称为“CRT6”）和法语四级（以下简称为“CFT4”） 3.各科目时间安排：日期（6 月 17 日）考试种类英语四级考试（CET4）日语四级考试（CJT4）上午德语四级考试（CGT4）俄语四级考试（CRT4）法语四级考试（CFT4）英语六级考试（CET6）日语六级考试（CJT6）下午德语六级考试（CGT6）俄语六级考试（CRT6） 6 8 15:00-17:10 15:00-17:10 考试代码 1 3 5 7 9 2 4 考试时间 9:00-11:20 9:00-11:10 9:00-11:10 9:00-11:10 9:00-11:10 15:00-17:25 15:00-17:10

大学英语六级历年真题含答案

D) Investing heavily in the production of sweet foods.
8. A) They favored chocolate-coated sweets.
B) They liked the food advertised on TV.
C) They hardly ate vegetables.
D) They want to learn about rabbits.
1
英语六级
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A) It can cause obesity.
B) It is mostly garbage.
Listening Comprehension
(30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will
between employers and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should
write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Part Ⅱ
2018 年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题( 第 1 套)
Part Ⅰ
Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust

2018年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案

2018年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案（完整版第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) She advocates animal protection.B) She sells a special kind of coffee.C) She is going to start a café chain.D) She is the owner of a special café.2. A) They bear a lot of similarities.B) They are a profitable business sector.C) They cater to different customers.D) They help take care of customers' pets.3. A) By giving them regular cleaning and injections.B) By selecting breeds that are tame and peaceful.C) By placing them at a safe distance from customers.D) By briefing customers on how to get along with them.4. A) They want to learn about rabbits.B) They like to bring in their children.C) They love the animals in her café.D) They give her café favorite reviews.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) It contains too many additives.B) It lacks the essential vitamins.C) It can cause obesity.D) It is mostly garbage.6. A) Its fancy design.B) TV commercials.C) Its taste and texture.D) Peer influence.7. A) Investing heavily in the production of sweet foods.B) Marketing their products with ordinary ingredients.C) Trying to trick children into buying their products.D) Offering children more varieties to choose from.8. A) They hardly ate vegetables.B) They seldom had junk food.C) They favored chocolate-coated sweets.D) They liked the food advertised on TV.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Stretches of farmland.B) Typical Egyptian animal farms.C) Tombs of ancient rulers.D) Ruins left by devastating floods.10. A) It provides habitats for more primitive tribes.B) It is hardly associated with great civilizations.C) It has not yet been fully explored and exploited.D) It gathers water from many tropical rain forests.11. A) It carries about one fifth of the world's fresh water.B) It has numerous human settlements along its banks.C) It is second only to the Mississippi River in width.D) It is as long as the Nile and the Yangtze combined.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Living a life in the fast lane leads to success.B) We are always in a rush to do various things.C) The search for tranquility has become a trend.D) All of us actually yearn for a slow and calm life.13. A) She had trouble balancing family and work.B) She enjoyed the various social events.C) She was accustomed to tight schedules.D) She spent all her leisure time writing books.14. A) The possibility of ruining her family.B) Becoming aware of her declining health.C) The fatigue from living a fast-paced life.D) Reading a book about slowing down.15. A) She started to follow the cultural norms.B) She came to enjoy doing everyday tasks.C) She learned to use more polite expressions.D) She stopped using to-do lists and calendars.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They will root out native species altogether.B) They contribute to a region's biodiversity.C) They pose a threat to the local ecosystem.D) They will crossbreed with native species.17. A) Their classifications are meaningful.B) Their interactions are hard to define.C) Their definitions are changeable.D) Their distinctions are artificial.18. A) Only a few of them cause problems to native species.B) They may turn out to benefit the local environment.C) Few of them can survive in their new habitats.D) Only 10 percent of them can be naturalized.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Respect their traditional culture.B) Attend their business seminars.C) Research their specific demands.D) Adopt the right business strategies.20. A) Showing them your palm.B) Giving them gifts of great value.C) Drinking alcohol on certain days of a month.D) Clicking your fingers loudly in their presence.21. A) They are very easy to satisfy.B) They have a strong sense of worth.C) They tend to be friendly and enthusiastic.D) They have a break from 2:00 to 5:30 .Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) He completely changed the company's culture.B) He collected paintings by world-famous artists.C) He took over the sales department of Reader's Digest.D) He had the company's boardroom extensively renovated.23. A) It should be sold at a reasonable price.B) Its articles should be short and inspiring.C) It should be published in the world's leading languages.D) Its articles should entertain blue- and pink-collar workers.24. A) He knew how to make the magazine profitable.B) He served as a church minister for many years.C) He suffered many setbacks and misfortunes in his life.D) He treated the employees like members of his family.25. A) It carried many more advertisements.B) George Grune joined it as an ad salesman.C) Several hundred of its employees got fired.D) Its subscriptions increased considerably.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Did Sarah Josepha Hale write "Mary's Little Lamb," the eternal nursery rhyme (儿歌) about a girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it's clear that the woman 26 for writing it was one of America's most fascinating 27 . In honor of the poem's publication on May 24, 1830, here's more about the 28 author's life.Hale wasn't just a writer, she was also a 29 social advocate, and she was particularly 30 with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had "a deep moral influence." She began a nationwide 31 to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a 33 setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of "Mary's Little Lamb" is disputed. According to the New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 of her life that "some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem".A) campaign B) career C) characters D) features E) fierce F) inspired G) latter H) obsessed I) proclamation J) rectified K) reputed L) rest M) supposed N) traditional O) versatileSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Grow Plants Without WaterA) Ever since humanity began to farm our own food, we’ve faced the unpredictable rain that is both friend and enemy. It comes and goes without much warning, and a field of lush (茂盛的) leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the next. Food security and fortunes depend on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so than in Africa, where 96% of farmland depends on rain instead of the irrigation common in more developed places. It has consequences: South Africa's ongoing drought—the worst in three decades—will cost at least a quarter of its corn crop this year.B) Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Town in South Africa says that nature has plenty of answers for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall. She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops. As the earth's climate changes and rainfall becomes even less predictable in some places, those answers will grow even more valuable. "The type of farming I'm aiming for is literally so that people can survive as it's going to get more and more dry," Farrant says.C) Extreme conditions produce extremely tough plants. In the rusty red deserts of South Africa, steep-sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth. The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements. Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing conditions.D) Farrant calls them resurrection plants (复苏植物). During months without water under a harsh sun, they wither, shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. But rainfall can revive them in a matter of hours. Her time-lapse (间歇性拍摄的) videos of the revivals look like someone playing a tape of the plant's death in reverse.E) The big difference between "drought-tolerant" plants and these tough plants: metabolism. Many different kinds of plants have developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some plants store reserves of water to see them through a drought; others send roots deep down to subsurface water supplies. But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growingand start to die. They may be able to handle a drought of some length, and many people use the term "drought tolerant" to describe such plants, but they never actually stop needing to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them drought resistant.F) Resurrection plants, defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than grams of water per gram of dry mass, are different. They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism. When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues. As the plant dries, these resources take on first the properties of honey, then rubber, and finally enter a glass-like state that is "the most stable state that the plant can maintain," Farrant says. That slows the plant's metabolism and protects its dried-out tissues. The plants also change shape, shrinking to minimize the surface area through which their remaining water might evaporate. They can recover from months and years without water, depending on the species.G) What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick? Seeds—almost all of them. At the start of her career, Farrant studied "recalcitrant seeds (顽拗性种子)," such as avocados, coffee and lychee. While tasty, such seeds are delicate—they cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you may know if you've ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that makes them rare, because most seeds from flowering plants are quite robust. Most seeds can wait out the dry, unwelcoming seasons until conditions are right and they sprout (发芽). Yet once they start growing, such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves.H) After completing her Ph. D. on seeds, Farrant began investigating whether it might be possible to isolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient (迅速恢复活力的) and transfer them to other plant tissues. What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many genes involved in resurrection plants' response to dryness. Many of them are the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants—and how to reproduce them in crops. "Most genes are regulated by a master set of genes," Farrant says. "We're looking at gene promoters and what would be their master switch."I) Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw, they will have to find the best way to do so in useful crops. "I'm trying three methods of breeding," Farrant says: conventional, genetic modification and gene editing. She says she is aware that plenty of people do not want to eat genetically modified crops, but she is pushing ahead with every available tool until one works. Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whichever version prevails："I'm giving people an option."J) Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species of resurrection plant to use as a lab model. Just like medical researchers use rats to test ideas for human medical treatments, botanists use plants that are relatively easy to grow in a lab or greenhouse setting to test their ideas for related species. The Queensland rock violet is one of the best studied resurrection plants so far, with a draft genome (基因图谱) published last year by a Chinese team. Also last year, Farrant and colleagues published a detailed molecular study of another candidate, Xerophyta viscosa, a tough-as-nail South African plant with lily-like flowers, and she says that a genome is on the way. One or both of these models will help researchers test their ideas—so far mostly done in the lab—on test plots.K) Understanding the basic science first is key. There are good reasons why crop plants do not use dryness defenses already. For instance, there's a high energy cost in switching from a regular metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism. It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might expect and to establish the plant's safety. "The yield is never going to be high," Farrant says, so these plants will be targeted not at Iowa farmers trying to squeeze more cash out of high-yield fields, but subsistence farmers who need help to survive a drought like the present one in South Africa. "My vision is for the subsistence farmer," Farrant says. "I'm targeting crops that are of African value."36. There are a couple of plants tough and adaptable enough to survive on bare rocky hills and in deserts.37. Farrant is trying to isolate genes in resurrection plants and reproduce them in crops.38. Farmers in South Africa are more at the mercy of nature, especially inconsistent rainfall.39. Resurrection crops are most likely to be the choice of subsistence farmers.40. Even though many plants have developed various tactics to cope with dry weather, they cannot survive a prolonged drought.41. Despite consumer resistance, researchers are pushing ahead with genetic modification of crops.42. Most seeds can pull through dry spells and begin growing when conditions are ripe, but once this process starts, it cannot be held back.43. Farrant is working hard to cultivate food crops that can survive extreme dryness by studying the traits of rare wild plants.44. By adjusting their metabolism, resurrection plants can recover from an extended period of drought.45. Resurrection plants can come back to life in a short time after a rainfall.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Human memory is notoriously unreliable. Even people with the sharpest facial-recognition skills can only remember so much.It's tough to quantify how good a person is at remembering. No one really knows how many different faces someone can recall, for example, but various estimates tend to hover in the thousands—based on the number of acquaintances a person might have.Machines aren't limited this way. Give the right computer a massive database of faces, and it can process what it sees—then recognize a face it's told to find—with remarkable speed and precision. This skill is what supports the enormous promise of facial-recognition software in the 21st century. It's also what makes contemporary surveillance systems so scary.The thing is, machines still have limitations when it comes to facial recognition. And scientists are only just beginning to understand what those constraints are. To begin to figure out how computers are struggling, researchers at the University of Washington created a massive database of faces—they call it MegaFace—and tested a variety of facial-recognition algorithms (算法) as they scaled up in complexity. The idea was to test the machines on a database that included up to 1 million different images of nearly 700,000 different people—and not just a large database featuring a relatively small number of different faces, more consistent with what's been used in other research. As the databases grew, machine accuracy dipped across the board. Algorithms that were right 95% of the time when they were dealing with a 13,000-image database, for example, were accurate about 70% of the time when confronted with 1 million images. That's still pretty good, says one of the researchers, Ira Kemelmacher-Shlizerman. "Much better than we expected," she said.Machines also had difficulty adjusting for people who look a lot alike—either doppelgangers (长相极相似的人), whom the machine would have trouble identifying as two separate people, or the same person who appeared in different photos at different ages or in different lighting, whom the machine would incorrectly view as separate people."Once we scale up, algorithms must be sensitive to tiny changes in identities and at the same time invariant to lighting, pose, age," Kemelmacher-Shlizerman said.The trouble is, for many of the researchers who'd like to design systems to address these challenges, massive datasets for experimentation just don't exist—at least, not in formats that are accessible to academic researchers. Training sets like the ones Google and Facebook have are private. There are no public databases that contain millions of faces. MegaFace's creators say it's the largest publicly available facial-recognition dataset out there."An ultimate face recognition algorithm should perform with billions of people in a dataset," the researchers wrote.46. Compared with human memory, machines can ________.A) identify human faces more efficientlyB) tell a friend from a mere acquaintanceC) store an unlimited number of human facesD) perceive images invisible to the human eye47. Why did researchers create MegaFace?A) To enlarge the volume of the facial-recognition database.B) To increase the variety of facial-recognition software.C) To understand computers' problems with facial recognition.D) To reduce the complexity of facial-recognition algorithms.48. What does the passage say about machine accuracy?A) It falls short of researchers' expectations.B) It improves with added computing power.C) It varies greatly with different algorithms.D) It decreases as the database size increases.49. What is said to be a shortcoming-of facial-recognition machines?A) They cannot easily tell apart people with near-identical appearances.B) They have difficulty identifying changes in facial expressions.C) They are not sensitive to minute changes in people's mood.D) They have problems distinguishing people of the same age.50. What is the difficulty confronting researchers of facial-recognition machines?A) No computer is yet able to handle huge datasets of human faces.B) There do not exist public databases with sufficient face samples.C) There are no appropriate algorithms to process the face samples.D) They have trouble converting face datasets into the right format.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.There're currently million students in America, and many will be funding their college on borrowed money. Given that there's now over $ trillion in student loans on the books, it's pretty clear that many students are far from sensible. The average student's debt upon graduation now approaches $40,000, and as college becomes ever more expensive, calls to make it "free" are multiplying. Even Hillary Clinton says that when it comes to college, "Costs won't be a barrier." But the only way college could be free is if the faculty and staff donated their time, the buildings required no maintenance, and campuses required no utilities. As long as it's impossible to produce something from nothing, costs are absolutely a barrier.The actual question we debate is who should pay for people to go to college. If taxpayers are to bear the cost of forgiving student loans, shouldn't they have a say in how their money is used?At least taxpayers should be able to decide what students will study on the public dime. If we're going to force taxpayers to foot the bill for college degrees, students should only study those subjects that're of greatest benefit to taxpayers. After all, students making their own choices in this respect is what caused the problem in the first place. We simply don't need more poetry, gender studies, or sociology majors. How do we know which subjects benefit society? Easy.Average starting salaries give a clear indication of what type of training society needs its new workers to have. Certainly, there're benefits to a college major beyond the job a student can perform. But if we're talking about the benefits to society, the only thing that matters is what the major enables the student to produce for society. And the value of what the student can produce is reflected in the wage employers are willing to pay the student to produce it.A low wage for elementary school teachers, however, doesn't mean elementary education isn't important. It simply means there're too many elementary school teachers already.Meanwhile, there're few who're willing and able to perform jobs requiring a petroleum engineering major, so the value of one more of those people is very high.So we can have taxpayers pick up students' tuition in exchange for dictating what those students will study. Or we can allow students both to choose their majors and pay for their education themselves. But in the end, one of two things is true:Either a college major is worth its cost or it isn't. If yes, taxpayer financing isn't needed. If not, taxpayer financing isn't desirable. Either way, taxpayers have no business paying for students' college education.51. What does the author think of college students funding their education through loans?A) They only expect to get huge returns.B) They are acting in an irrational way.C) They benefit at taxpayers' expense.D) They will regret doing so someday.52. In the author's opinion, free college education is ________.A) impracticalB) unsustainableC) a goal to strive forD) a way to social equality53. What should students do if taxpayers are to bear their college costs?A) Work even harder to repay society.B) Choose their subjects more carefully.C) Choose majors that will serve society's practical needs.D) Allow taxpayers to participate in college administration.54. What does the author say about the value of a student's college education?A) It is underestimated by profit-seeking employers.B) It is to be proved by what they can do on the job.C) It is well reflected in their average starting salary.D) It is embodied in how they remove social barriers.55. What message does the author want to convey in the passage?A) Students should think carefully whether to go to college.B) Taxpayers should only finance the most gifted students.C) The worth of a college education is open to debate.D) College students should fund their own education.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。

2018年上半年全国大学英语四六级考试.doc

全国大学英语四、六级考试考生守则一、考生要按照教育部考试中心的要求签署《诚信考试承诺书》。

二、考生必须按规定的时间（上午8：45，下午2：45）入场，入场开始15分钟后（上午9：00，下午3：00），迟到考生禁止入场。

考生入场时必须主动出示准考证以及有效身份证件（考生要出示的有效身份证件为学生证和下列证件之一：居民身份证、军人及武警人员证件、户口本、公安户籍部门开具的身份证号码证明、护照。

等），接受考试工作人员核验，并按要求在考场座位表上签名。

三、考生只准携带必要的文具入场,如铅笔(涂答题卡用)、黑色签字笔、橡皮。

禁止携带任何书籍、笔记、资料、报刊、草稿纸以及各种无线通信工具（如寻呼机、移动电话）、录放音机、电子记事本等物品。

考场内不得擅自相互借用文具。

对违反规定的考生，取消其考试成绩。

四、考生入场后，要对号入座，将本人准考证以及有效身份证件放在课桌上，以便核验。

五、考生答题前应认真填写答题卡中的姓名、准考证号等栏目。

凡答题卡中该栏目漏填涂、错填涂或字迹不清、无法辩认的，答题卡一律无效。

六、考生在考试结束前禁止提前退场。

七、考生必须严格按要求做答题目。

书写部分一律用黑色字迹签字笔做答，填涂信息点时只能用铅笔（2B）涂黑。

考生只能在属于考生做答的位置书写或填涂信息点。

不按规定要求填涂和做答的，其答题卡一律无效。

八、考生遇试卷分发错误或试题字迹不清等情况应及时要求更换；涉及试题内容的疑问，不得向监考员询问。

九、考生在考场内必须严格遵守考场纪律，对于违反考场规定和不服从考试工作人员管理者，取消考试成绩并按校纪校规处理。

十、考试结束铃声响时，考生要立即停止答题，待监考员允许后方可离开考场。

考生离开考场时必须交卷，不准携带试卷、答题卡离开考场。

十一、考生应自觉服从考试工作人员的管理，不得以任何理由妨碍监考员进行正常工作。

监考员有权对考场内发生的问题，按规定作出相应处理。

对扰乱考场秩序，恐吓、威胁考试工作人员的考生将移交公安机关追究其责任。

2018年英语四级考试真题试卷及参考答案完整版合集(6套)

2018年6月英语四级考试真题试卷（第1套）Part I. Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) (听力音频MP3文件在压缩包里啦)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C) A father's message for his daughter.D) The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B) She wanted to honor her father's promise.C) She had been asked by her father to do so.D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C) Two million bees were infected with disease.D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.4. A) It apologized to its customers.B) It was forced to kill its bees.C) It lost a huge stock of bees.D) It lost 2.5 million dollars.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.B) It took off and landed on a football field.C) It proved to be of high commercial value.D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.6. A) Engineering problems.B) The air pollution it produced.C) Inadequate funding.D) The opposition from the military.7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B) It flies faster than a commercial jet.C) It is a safer means of transportation.D) It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It seems a depressing topic.B) It sounds quite alarming.C) It has little impact on our daily life.D) It is getting more serious these days.9. A) The man doesn't understand Spanish.B) The woman doesn't really like dancing.C) They don't want something too noisy.D) They can't make it to the theatre in time.10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B) It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention.C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11. A) Watch a comedy.B) Go and see the dance.C) Book the tickets online.D) See a film with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B) She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13. A) Seek advice from senior students.B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C) Participate in after-school activities.D) Look into what the school offers.14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.B) Accept her as a transfer student.C) Find her accommodation on campus.D) Introduce her to her roommates.15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lee's.B) She has become friends with Catherine.C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.D) She has just transferred to the college.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C) To discover what most mice like to eat.D) To determine what feelings mice have.17. A) When they are hungry.B) When they are thirsty.C) When they smell food.D) When they want company.18. A) They search for food in groups.B) They are overweight when food is plenty.C) They prefer to be with other mice.D) They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Its construction started before World War I.B) Its construction cost more than $ 40 billion.C) It is efficiently used for transport.D) It is one of the best in the world.20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.B) To move troops quickly from place to place.C) To enable people to travel at a higher speed.D) To speed up the transportation of goods.21. A) In the 1970s.B) In the 1960s.C) In the 1950s.D) In the 1940s.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Chatting while driving.B) Messaging while driving.C) Driving under age.D) Speeding on highways.23. A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.B) A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C) A device to control the speed of a vehicle.D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24. A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.B) The car slows down gradually to a halt.C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.D) They get a warning on their smart phone.25. A) Installing a camera.B) Using a connected app.C) Checking their emails.D) Keeping a daily record.Part Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first 26 in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was 27 . During this renovation the building's owners, CIS, 28 the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest 29 of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large 30 has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the "10 best green energy projects". For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was 31 overtaken by the Millbank Tower. Green buildings like this aren't 32 cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy 33 through fossil fuels. As solar panels get 34 , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of 35 , but rather one to collect the most solar energy.A) cheaper B) cleaner C) collection D) competed E) constructed F) consulted G) dimension H) discovered I) eventually J) height K) necessarily L) production M) range N) scale O) undertakenSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their HomeworkA) Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hit to their finances that's replacing—and sometimes joining—expensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.B) The codes—which typically range in price from $ 80 to $ 155 per course—give students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their new online offerings, when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent the future of the industry.C) But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos (观念) of the textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.D) "When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断), a new way to lock students around this system," said Ethan Senack, the higher education advocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. "Rather than $250 (for a print textbook) you're paying $ 120," said Senack. "But because it's all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out."E) Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma when she first started college in 2015—pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access the program cost $ 120—a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.F) She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $ 150- $ 200, to pay for the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. "It's a balancing act," she said. "Can I really afford these access codes now?" She didn't hand in her first two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G) The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, they're the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. The company said that 45% of its $ 140 million revenue in 2015 "was derived from digital products."H) A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that "digital materials are less expensive and a good investment" that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didn't respond to a request for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that "in higher education, the era of the printed textbook is now over."I) The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. "These digital products aren't just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features," David Anderson, the executive director of higher education with the Association of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. "It helps students understand in a way that you can't do with print homework assignments."J) David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But he doesn't require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. "I try to make things as inexpensive as possible," said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum. "The online systems may make my life a lot easier but I feel like I'm giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit the students most."K) A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends $ 500-$ 600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $ 900 on access codes to books and programs. "That's two months of rent," she said. "You can't sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $ 30 - $ 50 and that helps to pay for your new semester's books. With an access code, you're out of that money. "L) Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that "it's ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these access codes to do our homework." Many of the access codes he's purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. "Often it's only 10% of your grade in class." he said. "You're paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade—but if you didn't have it, it would affect your grades enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C." Wolverton said he spent $ 500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.M) Harper, a poultry (家禽) science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about $ 20 each. But her access codes for homework, which can't be rented or bought second-hand, were her most expensive purchases: $ 120 and $ 85.N) She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the highprices. "We don't really have a missed assignment policy," she said. "If you miss it, you just miss it.I just got zeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at their grades, it's not fun."36. A student's yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.37. The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38. If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments.39. McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.40. Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe will be the future of the publishing business.41. One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.42. Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional printed books according to a publisher.43. One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.44. Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise for their students.45. Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn't worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50, it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow. Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it, that's far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, that's "a red flag that something more serious may be involved." Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting howto drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn't panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants. You don't have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive (认知的) reserve, Daffner says."Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways," he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.46. Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips?A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.B) They occur only among certain groups of people.C) Not all of them are related to one's age.D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning.C) Communication within our brain weakens.D) Our whole brain starts shrinking.48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?A) Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.B) Inability to recall details of one's life experiences.C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one's friends.49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?A) Check the brain's cognitive reserve.B) Stop medications affecting memory.C) Turn to a professional for assistance.D) Exercise to improve their well-being.50. What is Dr. Daffner's advice for combating memory loss?A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.B) Taking medicine that helps boost one's brain.C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.D) Staying active both physically and mentally.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives (档案馆) by the FBI after being stolen twice."We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing," says Effie Kapsalis, head of the Smithsonian Insitution Archives. "It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern (实习生), from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes," and the intern put the letter back. "The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it."Decades passed. Finally, the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian's property.The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.The letter is in fairly good condition, in spite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long. "It was luckily in good shape," says Kapsalis, "and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent us from using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online."It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. "Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s," says Kapsalis, "and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don't even have access to."51. What happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?A) It was recovered by the FBI.B) It was stolen more than once.C) It was put in the archives for research purposes.D) It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A) They proved its authenticity.B) They kept it in a special safe.C) They arrested the suspect immediately.D) They pressed criminal charges in vain.53. What is Darwin's letter about?A) The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.B) His cooperation with an American geologist.C) Some geological evidence supporting his theory.D) His acknowledgement of help from a professional.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?A) Reserve it for research purposes only.B) Turn it into an object of high interest.C) Keep it a permanent secret.D) Make it available online.55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?A) Growing interest in rare art objects.B) Radical changes in archiving practices.C) Recovery of various missing documents.D) Increases in the value of museum exhibits.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。

2018年英语六级考试试题及答案

2018年英语六级考试试题及答案PartⅠWriting1.【题干】For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between business and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. 150-200 words.【答案】Without a doubt, a mutually-trusted relation between businesses and consumers is important for the two parties.First of all, though business is objective, cooperation is relatively subjective. Only when a consumer believe in what a businessman is selling, he or she could decide to buy something from the man. In reality, I have seen too many consumers purchase or refuse one commodity only because they like or dislike the salesman who they meet, especially when they are in a bad mood.Secondly, when one businessman consider that a customer trusts him, he would feel honored and satisfied thereby giving more preference to the customer. Naturally, when one businessman offers the best quality goods and the best prices to a customer, the customer has no excuse to refuse the businessman. Once such relation informed, both the two parties gain profit from itHence, both businesses and consumers should work together to form a reciprocal relation.PartⅢReading Section ADid Sarah Josepha Hale write "Mary's Little Lamb, "the eternal nursery rhyme(儿歌)about girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it's clear that the woman _____(26)for writing it was one of America's most fascinating _____(27).In honor of poem publication on May 24, 1830, here's more about the _____(28)author's life.Hale wasn't just a writer, she was also a _____(29)social advocate, and she was particularly _____(30)with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had "a deep moral influence," she began a nationwide _____(31)to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the_____(32)festival. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a _____(33)setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of "Mary's Little Lamb" is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was _____(34)by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by hergreat-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the _____(35)of her life that "Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem".26.【题干】_____.【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】27.【题干】_____.【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】28.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】29.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】30.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】31.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】32.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】33.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】34.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】35.【题干】_____. 【选项】A.campaignB.careerC.charactersD.featuresE.fierceF.inspiredtterH.obsessedI.proclamationJ.rectifiedK.reputedL.restM.supposedN.traditionalO.versatile【答案】Section BDirections : In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League schoolA)As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into the right college. I diligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement test preparation courses. I juggled (尽力应付)cross-country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my church's youth group and drama team. I didn't drink, party, or even do much dating. The right college, I thought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didn't have to be the Ivy League, but it needed to be “topschool.”B)Looking back now, nine years later, I can't remember exactly what it was about these universities that made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appeared more rigorous, perhaps? Or an alumni network that I hoped would open doors down the line? Maybe. “I do think there are advantages to schools with more recognition,”notes Marybeth Gasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylvania. “I don't necessarily think that's a reason to go to one.”C)In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to mention a bit snobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern schools, believing their curriculums to be automatically inferior to northeastern or western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed of living in New York City and my parents obliged me with a visit to New York University's(NYU)campus. During the tour, tuition fees were discussed.(NYU is consistently ranked one of the country's most expensive schools, with room and board costs totaling upwards of $64,000 a year.)Up until then, I hadn't truly realized just how expensive an education can be. Over the next few months, I realized not only could I not afford my dream school, I couldn't even afford the ones where I'd been accepted. City University of New York(CUNY), Rutgers University, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Mississippi State and the University of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-of-state fees.Further complicating my college search was a flourishing stack career—I wanted to keep running but my times weren't quite fast enough to secure a scholarship.D)And so, at 11pm on the night of Georgia State University's(GSU)midnight deadline, I applied online. Rated No.466 overall on Forbes' Lists Top Colleges, No. 183 in Research Universities, and No. 108 in the South, I can't say it was my top choice. Still, the track coach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus a decent consolation prize after New York City.E)While it may have been practical, it wasn't prestigious, But here's the thing: I loved my “lower-tier”(低层次的)university.(I use the term “low-tier”cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded research institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty from all over the country.)We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools and getting the best grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future. But what if lower-tier colleges and universities were the ticket to escaping the rat race? After all, where else can you leave school with a decent degree—but without a lifetime of debt?F)My school didn't come pre-packaged like the more popular options, so we were left to take care of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no one was championing for us to succeed in. What I'm saying is, I loved my university because ittaught us all to be resourceful and we could make what we wanted out of it.G)I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded scholarship called HOPE(Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I started college, the HOPE scholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and offered to graduating high school seniors with a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during high school, supplemented by a small college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and a modest savings account my parents created when I was born.H)So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues and competitors have more glamorous alma maters(母校)than I do. As a journalist, I have competed against NYU, Columbia, and Northeastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer has ever asked me about my educational background. In fact, almost every interview I've ever had was due to a connection—one that I've gained through pure determination, not a school brand.I)According to The Boston Globe, students who earned their bachelor's in 2012 have an average monthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third more than those who graduated in 2004. Ultimately, that's the thing universities don't want to admit. Private universities are money-making institutions. If you can afford to buy prestige, that's yourchoice. For the rest of us, however, our hearty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.J)Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates; namely, strong alumni networks, star faculty, and a résuméboost. But you needn't attend an Ivy League school to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the former CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis are alumni of my college, as well as VICE's first female editor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successful people tend to be successful no matter where they go to school. And lower-tier schools can have alumni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tier school alumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni recognize that you didn't necessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be more willing to offer career help, because your less famous school denotes that, like them., you are also full of energy and perseverance.K)The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, in which college graduates, who applied to the most selective schools in the 12th grade were compared to those who applied to slightly less selective schools. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where they went to school.L)Likewise, star faculty is not always found where you'd expect. Big name schools are not necessarily the best places for professors; plus,many professors split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities. This means, for instance, a CUNY student could reasonably expect to receive the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professor as they would if they were enrolled in the same class at NYU.M)It's possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particular educational resume, but it's no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in The Atlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluating graduates for hire, beaten out by top factors like internships, employment during college, college major, volunteer experience, and extracurriculars.N)Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to succeed because they are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I could do it again, I'd still make the same choice. Today I'm debt-free, resourceful—and I understand that even the shiniest packaging can't predict what you'll find on the inside.36.【题干】Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.【选项】A.AB.BC.CD.DF.FG.GH.HI.IG.GK.KL.LM.MN.N【答案】J根据题干中的信息确定题干信息词：Modest institutions, successful graduates, strong alumni networks，回文快速扫读文章，发现J段中第三句话与该题干属于同义替换。

2018年上半年全国大学英语四六级考试.doc

2018年上半年全国大学英语四六级考试
的通知
一、2018年上半年全国英语四六级考试于2018年6月16日（周六）举行，英语四级考试时间9:00-11:20；英语六级考试时间15：00-17:25
日语四级考试时间9:00-11:10；日语六级考试时间15:00-17:10
法语四级考试时间为9:00-11:10
二、考生须考前认真阅读《违规处理规定》、《考生守则》等规定，考试中自觉遵守有关规定和纪律，诚信应考，如有违纪作弊行为，学校将根据有关规定，对其进行严肃处理。

三、考生须凭准考证、学生证及有效身份证明原件入场，缺一不可。

如有丢失，考生应按照以下要求办理：
1.身份证：学生须凭公安户籍部门开具的贴有近期免冠照片的身份证号码
证明入场。

2.学生证：考生可到学生院系开具有本人近期免冠照片的信息单，并在照
片上加盖院系公章。

3.准考证：考生须妥善保管准考证，不得丢失；如丢失，考生自行到全国
大学英语四、六级考试报名网站（）进入“个人中心”，下载并打印笔试准考证。

特别说明：考试当天不补办任何证件。

根据学校规定，英语六级考试旷考者，取消下一次报名资格！
教务处
2018年6月。

2018年6月大学英语六级真题及答案(第一套)

2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一）目录2017年12月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一） (1)快速对答案 (16)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees.You can cite examples to illustrate your views.you should write at least150words but no more than200words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2018年上半年全国大学英语计算机等级考试

2018年上半年全国大学英语、计算机等级考试报名通知各二级学院并下发各班：2018年上半年全国大学英语等级考试四级（CET-4）、六级（CET-6），全国高校非计算机专业计算机等级考试（包括十一门二级科目：《C++(Visual C环境)》、《Visual Basic》、《网页制作基础》、《Access（2010）数据库》、《Photoshop图像处理与制作》、《Flash动漫制作》、《Offic2010高级应用》、《Java程序设计》、《电子商务》、《Visual 程序设计》、《C#程序设计》、；一门一级科目：《计算机应用（2010）》），报名工作即将开始。

根据上级文件，结合我院实际，现将有关事项通知如下：一、报名对象1、CET-4报考对象： 2014级、2015、2016级、2017级在校的全日制学生。

其中，2017级的学生根据考场容量，按大学英语1的总评成绩，从高分到低分给予考试资格,70分以上的同学做好报名缴费准备（即建设银行存足报考费）,最后分数线根据报名人数由教务处确定。

2、CET-6报考对象：CET-4考试425分及其以上的在校的全日制学生。

3、计算机等级考试报考对象：所有在校全日制学生均可报考。

每个考生可在二级科目和一级科目中，报考一个或两个科目。

2014级、2015级、2016级没有通过一级（《计算机应用》）的学生，可同时报考一级和二级（计算机最多只能报考两门科目，否则考试冲突无法安排考试）。

2017级学生也可以同时报考一级和二级。

二、报名方式考生于2017年3月3日—3月13日，登陆惠州学院校园网，在新教务系统报名。

具体操作步骤附后。

特别提示：所有考生必须自己上新教务系统报名。

逾期系统不接受报名，没有考试资格责任自负。

三、交考试费1、收费标准： CET-4：36元/人；CET-6：36元/人；C++(Visual C环境)：38元/人；Visual Basic：38元/人；网页制作基础：38元/人；Access（2010）数据库：38元/人；Photoshop图像处理与制作：38元/人；Flash动漫制作：38元/人；Offic2010高级应用：38元/人；Java程序设计：38元/人；电子商务：38元/人；Visual 程序设计：38元/人；C#程序设计：38元/人；计算机应用（2010）：38元/人。

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2018年上半年全国大学英语四、六级考试
报名通知
各学院、各学生班级：
按照教育部考试中心统一安排，结合学校实际情况，对2018年上半年全国大学英语四、六级笔试、英语口语考试报名工作有关事宜通知如下：2018年上半年全国大学英语四、六级笔试、英语口语考试报名同时进行，报名后需在24小时内缴纳报名费，否则系统会删除报名信息，报名无效。

一、笔试报名、考试时间及开考科目
报名时间：2018年3月20日9:00-4月2日23:59。

报名网址：。

考试时间：2018年6月16日。

开考科目：大学英语四级、六级（大学英语四级含日、俄、德小语种，大学英语六级含日、俄、德）。

二、报名资格
1.全日制普通高等院校研究生、本科、专科在校生。

2.四级考试成绩未达到425分的学生只能报考四级。

3.四级考试成绩达到425分以上（包括425分）才能报考六级。

三、考生报名要求及流程
1.考生登录全国大学英语四、六级考试网站（），进行注册和登录。

2.学生登录报名网站后，根据系统提示进行登录,未注册的学生先进行注册操作，已注册的学生忘记密码通过邮件找回密码，进行个人资格信息查询、CET6资格复核、学籍信息核对、报考级别选择、自助缴费等操作。

注册务必以考生本人有效身份证上的姓名、证件号码为准。

在学籍信息核对时，一定要仔细核对学校、校区、学院、专业、班级、学历、学制、入学年份、学号和年级（大一为01，依此类推）等，如果核对发现有误，将不能正常参加考试，请咨询教
务处教务科，咨询电话：2。

3.本次报名，四级和六级不能同时兼报。

四级考试成绩未达到425分的学生只能报考四级；四级考试成绩达到425分的学生，可以自愿选择报考四级或者六级，二者不可以兼报。

请各位考生务必慎重选择报考的语言级别及类别，一旦报名成功，不能重报或修改。

4.进行资格验证后，考生对学校、院系、照片进行核对，确认无误后进行缴费操作，本次报名采用网上缴费，报名后即刻在网上缴费，学校不再统一收取费用，缴费成功后即确认为报名成功。

5.考生报考六级时，系统需对其四级成绩进行审核，若未查到，考生可提交成绩达到425分的四级考试准考证号，再次审核后，审核结果将通过邮件通知。

6.以下几种情况，考生需联系考点学校进行线下处理：
（1）考生符合报考条件，但未查询到报考资格；
（2）考生学校、院系及照片信息有误；
7.报名成功的考生须于2018年6月5日9:00-15日16:00起登录全国大学英语四、六级考试报名网站（）进入“个人中心”，下载并打印准考证。

8.大学英语四、六级考试听力部分统一使用电台播放，请报考的所有学生自备耳麦。

四、关于大学英语四、六级口语考试
大学英语四、六级口语考试报名与四、六级笔试报名同时进行，具体安排如下：
1.考试时间
5月19日：大学英语四级口语考试(CET-SET4)。

5月20日：大学英语六级口语考试(CET-SET6)。

2.报考资格
完成对应级别笔试科目报考的考生，即完成本次CET4笔试报名后即可报考
CET-SET4，完成本次CET6笔试报名后即可报考CET-SET6。

3.报考时间和办法
2018年3月20日9:00-4月2日23:59（我校未开设口语考试考点，请各位同学在报名系统内自行查看提供口语考试的院校，报名时间以提供口语考试院校设置时间为准），考生登录全国大学英语四、六级考试网站（），在完成相应级别的笔试报名后，点击<CET口试报名>栏目进行口试报名。

考生需完成信息填报、选择考点、网上缴费等报名手续。

4.准考证查询
报名成功的考生须于2018年5月14日9:00-18日16:00时起登录全国大学英语四、六级考试报名网站（）进入“个人中心”，下载并打印准考证。

教务处
2018年3月19日
附件
2018年上半年CET、CET-SET相关工作安排
一、考试科目及考试时间
1.笔试考试时间
2.口试考试时间
英语四级口语考试（CET-SET4）考试时间为5月19日（F181次），英语六级口语考试（CET-SET6）考试时间为5月20日（S181次）。

联系电话:2。