高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程
高三英语定语从句知识点及习题
定语从句一．The boy who was in the office yesterday is my brother . 昨天在办公室的那个男孩是我弟弟。
限制性定语从句，去掉该从句，句子就失去原有的含义，而且也不大讲得通。
A student (who works hard ) will make progress . 一个努力学习的学生会取得进步。
二．非限制性定语从句，对先行词没有限定作用，只起进一步说明的作用，去掉它，主句仍成立，意义也无变化：Our teacher is very strict with us , which does much good . 我们的教师对我们很严格，这对我们有很大好处。
三．引导定语从句的关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，表语，定语或宾语1．〕关系代词：who , which , that , as , whom , whoseGive this book to the man who is over there . (主语)I am interested in the book (which /that) you talked about yesterday . (宾语，可以省略)He is not the man as he was before . (表语) 他跟过去不一样了。
2．〕关系副词：where , when , why , 在从句中作状语：This is the house where he was born . (地点状语) 这就是他出生的那座房子。
That was the first day when he worked as a teacher .〔时间状语〕那是他当教师的第一天。
Can you tell me the reason why he was late this morning ? (原因状语) 你能告诉我他今天早上迟到的原因吗？四．关系代词须知事项：1．〕who & whom(1). 指人时在介词后只用whom :Have you met the person about whom she was speaking ? 你见到她当时正在谈论的那个人了吗？(1). 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时做主语用who，做宾语时用whom，〔不用who替代〕John Baird，who was a Scotsman，invented the first television set in 1925。
高中英语-定语从句知识点和练习(含答案)
10.定语从句定从的本质是形容词，修饰其前的名词或代词。
与名从和状从最大的区别是其前有先行词。
一、定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句，在句中起定语修饰的作用. 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词。
如：Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl (who is beautiful). 定语从句先行词关系代词This is a book which was written by Tom who is my best friend.I remember the days____ I spent with you.I remember the days____ I played with you.I remember the place____ I visited last year.I remember the place____ I lived last year.I remember the reason____ I give to you.I remember the reason____ I was late.二．引导词注：这些引导词中有名词从句中的What，how，Wh—ever吗？三．引导词各自用法（Ⅰ）1．who修饰“人”作主语，口语中可作宾语。
T his is the man who often helps me.(who作主语)The man who you just talked is a teacher.2．whom修饰“人”作宾语。
可省略，但在介词后和非限制性定语从句中不可省略。
The doctor (who/whom) you are looking for is in the room.3．whose是who，which的所有格，作定语，修饰“人”“物”。
This is a book whose cover is blue.4.that修饰“人”“物”作主语、宾语、表语。
完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习定语从句是高中英语的重点知识，也是高考常考点。
本文将主要讲解关系代词引导的定语从句，并解释关系副词引导的定语从句，包括判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，并提供例题讲解。
定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who。
whom。
whose。
that。
which等。
它们代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
例如，当先行词是人时，可以使用who或whom作为关系代词。
如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（他就是你想见的人吗？）关系代词在从句中作主语。
而当先行词是物时，可以使用which或that作为关系代词。
如：The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.（你拿的包快散了。
）关系代词在从句中作宾语。
除了who。
whom。
whose。
that。
which，还有关系副词when。
where。
why等。
关系副词引导的定语从句也可以修饰一个名词或代词。
例如：I still remember the day when we met.（我仍然记得我们相遇的那一天。
）关系副词when在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词day。
总之，掌握定语从句的用法和关系词的选择是英语研究的重要内容。
通过不断的练和实践，相信大家可以掌握这一技能。
关系副词可以代替时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
例如，关系副词when。
where。
why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。
比如，有时候我们必须屈服，这是任何人都会遇到的情况（There are ns when [on which] one must yield）。
高考英语语法定语从句讲解与练习附答案
定语从句与高考定语从句是高考的热点，主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
主要考点有：1.关系代词who, which, that, whom, as, whose的基本用法。
2.关系副词when, where, why的基本用法。
3.定语从句中关系词的特殊用法。
4.定语从句中“介词＋关系代词”介词的确定。
5. which/ as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别。
一、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性定语从句二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别一：形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常____用___逗号隔开。
区别二：功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意____不明确___；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意不影响。
如：People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。
(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。
(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)比较下面的两个句子：I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的姐姐。
(姐姐不止一个)I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。
(只有一个姐姐)区别三：翻译不同在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。
如：He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
高中英语2024届高考语法复习定语从句知识讲解(共十一个方面)
高考英语语法复习定语从句知识讲解一、概念定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。
简单地讲：定语从句就是修饰名词或代词的作定语的句子。
大家要清楚一个概念，那就是它就相当于一个形容词，作后置定语，所以定语从句通常又被称为形容词性从句。
可以解释为什么什么样的人或物。
☆前置形容词的位置顺序：Op sh a c o m （记住这个无意义的单词）: opinion shape age colour origin materialtwo very nice small French wooden chairsan interesting little red French oil painting定语从句的位置只能放在它所修饰词的后面，被修饰的词我们叫它“先行词”。
Tom, who is 17, is my classmate.Tom is my classmate, who is 17.（Tom就是先行词）二、结构被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 从句"被修饰的名词/代词“ = "先行词"这儿要强调的是先行词只能是名词或代词“先行词”与“关系词”之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。
关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义“代到”从句中来起作用。
“先行词”往往是分别重复出现在两个句中(主句和从句)的名词或代词。
先行词可以看成区别定语从句和名词性从句的标记。
看以下两句：That’s all that I have told him. 此句为定语从句，先行词为allThat’s what I have told him. 此句为表语从句，由what引导，没有先行词。
★那为什么一定要有关系词呢？关系词可以看作是连接主句和从句的桥梁，它指代先行词在从句中充当一个句子成份。
这就体现了英语句子的链形结构，英语的句子逻辑性很强，就象一环扣一环的链条。
英语高中定语从句讲解
英语高中定语从句讲解英语高中定语从句讲解高中定语从句讲解篇一1. 以what等连接代词引导的主语从句What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。
Whoever wants it may have it. 谁要都可以给他。
同类的连接代词还有：What， who， whom， whose， which，whatever， whoever， whichever2. 以that， whether从属连词引导的主语从句It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪，他竟然错了。
That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的设备，这是很明显的。
Whether he will join us won't make too much difference.他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。
3. 主语从句的引导词that时候可以省略当主语从句不太长时，引导词“that”可以省略It's clear (that) he has done his best. 很明显他已经尽力而为了。
It's a wonder (that) he didn't fail. 真奇怪，他没有失败。
4. 以when等连接副词引导的主语从句When they will come hasn't been made public. 他们什么时候来还没有公布。
Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪儿，还不知道。
Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 为什么他做那件事将永远是个谜团。
学好英语的18条黄金法则1．What is language for? Some people seem to think it is for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words--the longer the wor ds the better. That’s wrong. Language is for theexchange of ideas, for communication.语言到底是用来干什么的呢？一些人认为它是用来操练语法规则和一大堆单词——而且单词越长越好。
高一英语定语从句复习讲解与精练
高一英语定语从句复习讲解与精练定语从句（序）定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分。
定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
定语从句存在的条件:先行词+关系词（有的版本作关联词）+从句（一）限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he bringsa lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导（二）非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
高中英语高考复习定语从句知识精讲(附练习题)
高考英语定语从句知识精讲一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）；who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）；whom 指人在从句中作宾语（作宾语时可以省略）；whose 指人或物在从句中作定语；as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；注意：指物时，whose+名词 = the+名词+of which 或 of which + the +名词2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as; the same…as;注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为 all, much, everything, nothing, something, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习定语从句知识讲解练习
高考英语语法复习定语从句知识讲解练习1.定语从句定义定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用He is a man who likes travelling and reading.和主句关系密切，不用逗号隔开，去掉主句,句子不完整。
2. 非限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰作用(先行词与定语从句之间用逗号隔开)The house, which I bought last year, has a beautiful garden.也可以对主句起修饰作用He was late again, which made his teacher angry.和主句关系不密切，用逗号分开，去掉主句，句子完整。
2.先行词先行词是被定语从句修饰的成分。
先行词可以是名词、代词或整个主句。
先行词是指人时，可用that, who, whom, whoseThis is the person ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.先行词是指物时，可用which, that, whoseI like to live in a room that / which has a window facing south.3.关系词关系词：关系代词和关系副词两种关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语先行词是指人时，可用关系代词：that, who, whom, whoseThis is the person ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.先行词是指物时，可用关系代词：which, that, whoseI like to live in a room that / which has a window facing south.I like to live in a room whose window faces south.=I like to live in a room of which the window faces south.=I like to live in a room the window of which faces south.关系副词：when, where, why 在从句中作状语先行词是表示时间的名词时，可用when, in which, on which等；I never forget the day when / on which I came to this school.先行词是表示地点的名词时，可用where, in which, at which等；The factory where / in which his father works is far from here.This is the factory where /in which he works.如果定语从句修饰point，situation，part，condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导We have reached a point where a change is needed.区分：there’s one point that we must insist on.先行词是表示原因的名词时，可用why, for which等。
高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习）★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。
（一）. 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略。
（二）. 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
高中定语从句与同位语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲义教学目标：1.明白定语从句和同位语从句的构成和用法2.理解运用定语从句和同位语从句3.关系副词的用法4. 通过学习调动他们的学习积极性，使学生体会到英语的趣味性教学重难点：1.关系代词who, that, which的用法区别2.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句；3.关系代词与关系副词引导定语从句的不同4.同位语从句连接词的作用5.定语从句和同位语从句的区别教学流程及授课提纲一．定语从句1. 概念（Definition）定语从句是指在句子中起定语作用、修饰句中名词或代词的从句，其中被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在它修饰的先行词之后，在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
我们在后面会给大家具体讲讲分别由这两种关系词引导的定语从句。
例子：He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2. 分类（Classification）：定语从句就其与先行词的关系，可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
(1)限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，关系词同先行词之间一般不加逗号，对先行词其修饰、限制与确定的作用，若去掉，先行词便不能明确表示其所指对象，所以限制性定语从句与它的先行词所指意义有着不可分割的联系。
可用关系代词、关系副词或that 来引导。
Eg: Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.(2)非限制性定语从句对先行词或整个主句加以补充说明，即使省去，也不影响主句的意思，它和先行词或主句之间常用逗号隔开，Eg: Yesterday I met one of my friends, who seemed to be very busy.3．关系词（引导词）：关系代词：who, whom, that, which, whose关系副词：where, when, why★关系代词引导的定语从句限制性定语从句，如果修饰人，一般用关系代词who, whom, whose或that. 在定语从句中作主语的一般用who或that,作宾语的一般用whom, who或that，作定语并具有物主性质的用whose,如：I don’t like people who/that get angry easily.Here is the man (whom/who/that) you want to see.This is the girl whose wallet was stolen yesterday限定性定语从句如果修饰物，用关系代词that或which，作宾语时可以省去。
超实用高考英语语法微专题之定语从句讲解及练习学案
高考二轮复习语法微专题——定语从句养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
1.定义：先行词：Tom is my father. My father is a teacher.=Tom is my father who/that is a teacher.____________ 是先行词，____________ 是关系词（起替代先行词的作用）。
Whose= of whichThis is the way___________ helps me a lot.This is the way___________ he tells me.Keys: in which/that/\that/whichthat/which/\当the way 表示通过某种方式=in the way时，关系词用in which/that/\，相当于how,后面句子是完整的。
当the way 做先行词，后面从句缺成分，做主语用that/which，做。
注意reason 用法：The reason _________ he was late for school was unclear.The reason _________ he told me was that he got up late.Keys: why, that/which/\当reason 做先行词，后面从句不缺成分用关系副词why，缺成分用关系代词。
高中英语语法定语从句教案及练习
一、教学目标1. 让学生理解定语从句的概念和作用。
2. 让学生掌握定语从句的引导词及其用法。
3. 让学生能够正确运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
4. 提高学生的英语写作和口语表达能力。
二、教学内容1. 定语从句的定义和作用2. 定语从句的引导词：who, which, that, where, when, why3. 定语从句的先行词：名词、代词、并列名词4. 定语从句的省略现象5. 定语从句的句子结构三、教学过程1. 引入：通过展示一些含有定语从句的句子，让学生感受定语从句的存在，并引导学生思考定语从句的作用。
2. 讲解：详细讲解定语从句的定义、作用、引导词及用法，通过例句进行说明。
3. 练习：让学生分组练习，用所学的定语从句知识修改或创作一些句子。
4. 拓展：引导学生思考定语从句在实际生活中的应用，如购物、描述物品等。
四、练习题1. 选出正确的定语从句引导词：a. 我有一个（）朋友，他很有趣。
b. 她在一家（）公司工作。
c. 我喜欢那个（）演奏钢琴的音乐家。
d. 这本书的（）部分我已经读过了。
2. 完成定语从句的练习：a. 我的兄弟是一个（）工程师，他在一家大型企业工作。
b. 昨天我遇到了一个（）很久没见的老朋友。
c. 那个（）去年去了美国的女孩现在回来了。
d. 我听说（）在这个小区开了一家新餐馆。
3. 判断下列句子是否正确，并解释原因：a. 我昨天遇到了一个多年不见的老朋友。
b. 我昨天遇到了一个多年不见的多年不见的老朋友。
c. 我昨天遇到了一个多年不见的老朋友多年不见的人。
五、教学评价1. 课后作业：要求学生运用所学知识，编写一段含有定语从句的文字。
2. 课堂练习：观察学生在课堂练习中的表现，了解他们对定语从句的掌握程度。
3. 学生互评：让学生互相评价对方的作业，提高他们的语言表达能力。
4. 教师评价：对学生的作业进行评价，给予鼓励和指导。
六、教学策略1. 实例教学：通过展示各种类型的定语从句实例，让学生直观地理解定语从句的用法。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句Step 1 Leading-in用下划线标出下文中定语或定语从句。
He is a clever student. He is a student who is good at English. He lives in a small village. His grandfather lived there before. I know a girl who lives in the village too. Her name is Wang Fang. Wang Fang’s fathe r is a farmer. He is a hard-working farmer.Step 2 语法讲解1：有关定语从句的几个概念1）功能：在复合句中，充当_______ ，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2）位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后：Those who are willing to attend the party sign here please. 3）先行词：被关系词所指代并且被定语从句所修饰或限制的对象。
*先行词可以不只是一个词，它还可以是一个短语、一个完整的句子。
4）关系词：重复替代先行词、起连接主句和从句的作用并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词。
关系词的作用：1、连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；2、替代作用：在从句中代替在它前面的先行词；(思考：定语从句中还能不能再出现关系代词所替代的先行词呢？)The film we saw it last night is very frightening.(改错)I’ll give you a book which you’ll find it interesting.3、成分作用：在从句中总是充当一个句子成分;*关系词分为关系代词和关系副词2：关系词的双重身份及其选用原则1）代替先行词；2一．试一试：观察下列几组简单句，并试着写出定语从句。
高中英语定语从句三定组装法
1. 答案解析
⑴ I have a friend who is good at maths. (who表人) ⑵ I have a friend that is good at maths. (that是万能胶) ⑶ I have a friend, who is good at maths. (用逗号可以让对方看的更容易，但不能使用that) 【说明】对于限制性和非限制性定语从句，我们在这里，暂时在意义上先不做进一步精确的区分。
定语从句中的that是万能胶。可表
和
。
that万能胶与 和 是水火不相容的， 即定语从句中that前面不能出现
和 。反过来，出现了 和 ，就不能用that。
定语从句极速训练① “三定”法
1．I have a friend. The friend is good at maths. 务必先自己动笔将上面两个句子拼装成一个句子,并使其中文意思为：
我有一位擅长数学的朋友。
一定主句：
根据中文的意思，主要表达的是“我有一位朋友”， 所以主句应该是“I have a friend.”
二定先行词
I have a friend ∨
待加工句（原材料）
the friend is good at maths.
三定关系词
加工（重复的名词，删除后，找“代表”，即关系词） I have a friend + the friend is good at maths.
思维导图破解高中英语
第07讲 定语从句1
定语从句
1.定语从句在整个句子中做定语 的成分 。 2.定语从句通常只能放在被修饰 的词（即先行词）之后。
什么是定语从句？
升级成句子的定语
目标
高一英语定语从句知识点详解与练习PPT学习教案
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词 关 系 词 的 作 用
A. 引导定语从句 B.替代先行词 C.在定语从句中作成分
物：which, that, whose 人：who, whom, whose,that
关系副词
地点：where 时间：when 原因：why
4) The teacher t_h_a_t/_w_h_______________I like most teaches us English. 5) The room __o_th_a_t_/w__h_o_/w__h_o_mw/省indow faces south is mine. 6) I know the gir略lw_h_o_s_e___________ mother is a teacher.
重点： 1.基本的关系代词和关系副词的运用。 2.定语从句在长难句分析和写作中的灵活运用。 难点： 1.定语从句的理解。 2.定语从句的做题思路。 3.复合句中定语从句的准确判定
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一 、 定 语 从 句的概 念
1.句子分类 简单句：① He is a student. ②He likes English. 并列句：He is a student and he likes English. 复合句：He is a student who likes English.
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1.关系代词的用法
二 、 关 系 代 词、关 系副词 的用法
作主语 作宾语
作定语
先行词指人
who/that who/whom/that(可省略) whose
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高中英语定语从句知识点及练习高中英语---定语从句一定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。
2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。
3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.二关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see.3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
He is the man that/who lives next door.Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、The season that/which comes after spring is summer.The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well.5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替：The house whose windows are broken is empty.=The house the windows of which are broken is empty.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。
The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous.=The school in which he once studied is very famous.This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday.=This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。
如：look for, look after, take care of 等。
2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。
如： He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.四关系副词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where和why等。
when, where, why都在定语从句中作状语，在意义上相当于介词+which结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。
如：I’ll never forget the day when/on which I first met you.Great changes are taking place in the city where/in which they live.五限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”关系词的使用上：A作宾语时可省略 B可用that C可用who 代替whomThe teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如果去掉，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词的使用上：A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whomHis mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.I have been to Hangzhou, which is a very beautiful city.（一）限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况1.先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等时。
Everything that he said was true. 他所说的一切都是真的。
2.当先行词被the very（恰恰，正好）, the only，any，few，little，no，all修饰时。
This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best that has been used against pollution.4. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.5．当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?6．当先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?7．先行词在定语从句中做表语,而关系代词在从句中也做表语时。
She is no longer the sweet girl (that) she used to be.He is not the man (that) he seems. 人不可貌相。
（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句1. as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。
如：He married her, as / which was natural. He is honest, as / which we can see.2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。
which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。
另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。
As is known to all, China is a developing country.John, as you know, is a famous writer.Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don’t believe.注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。
如：Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.1. 当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。
如：I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.（三）以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。
The way (that/in which) he answered the questions was surprising.（四）关系代词与关系副词的选择用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（所担当的成分）。
A. I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.C. This is the reason why he was dismissed.This is the reason that/which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.基础练习(1) This is the hotel_______ we will stay at. which/that/(2) This is the hotel_______ we will stay. where(3) This is the hotel__________ we will stay. at which(4) This is the hotel ________we will visit. that/which/(5) This hotel is the one _______ we will stay at. that(6) This hotel is the one _________ we will stay. where(7) This hotel is the one __________ we will visit. That定语从句专项练习一、选择题1. (09全国II) My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it2. (09安徽卷)Many children______ parents are away working in big cities，are taken goodcare of in the village．A．their B．whose C．of them D．with whom3. (09北京卷)–What do you think of teaching, Bob?–I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but intere sting.A. whereB. WhichC. WhenD. that4. (09福建卷)It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can see themselves differently.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where5. (09湖南卷)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ______ name will create a pictureof beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. whose6. (09江苏卷)Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged6,000 yuan for one night.A. ifB. whenC. whichD. since7. (09辽宁卷)They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising actually.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which8. (09全国I)She brought with her three friends, none of ________I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these9. (09全国II) My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it10. (09山东卷)Whenever I met her, _______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. that11. (09陕西卷)Gun control is a subject_______Americans have argued for a long time .A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which12. (09上海卷)Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed “The Magic Flute” areboth museums now.A. whereB. whenC. thereD. which13. (09四川卷)She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when14. (09天津卷)A person __ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever15. (09天津卷)I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.A. asB. whichC. whenD. though16. (09浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life __I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A whichB whereC howD why17. (09重庆卷)Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. where18. (04全国卷) The English play __________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which19. (03北京) York, __________ last year, is a nice old city.A. that I visitedB. which I visitedC. where I visitedD. in which I visited20. (02北京)We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places,______ other visitors seldom go.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. when二、翻译训练：1.我们在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了._____________________________________________________________________ _________2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。