2016年6月大学英语四级真题听力原文(一二三套)(20200629073241)
2016年6月四级听力原文
2016年6月四级考试听力原文(第一套) (1)2016年6月四级考试听力原文(第二三套) (27)2016年6月四级考试听力原文(第一套)Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One听力原文：You probably think college students are experts at sleeping.But parties，preparations for tests，personal problems and general stress can wreck(vt. 破坏) a student’s sleep habits，which can be bad for the body and the mind. / Texas Tech University is even offering a class called“Improving Your Sleep Habits”.[1]People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from (增加...的风险)obesity (n. 肥大，肥胖),psychological problems(心理问题) and car crashes(车祸).Students (who don't get enough sleep) have poorer attendance(出勤率低) and lower grades(成绩差).On top of all that，[2] a new study published in状况好的) sleeping than making last-minute preparations for atest.200 college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games.Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later，but they did much better after getting a good night’s sleep.[1]So,if you really want to do your job well,don't forget to get some sleep.解析：1.A.How college students can handle their psychological problems.B.Why college students are more likely to have stress problems.C.Why sufficient sleep is important for college students.D.How college students can improve their sleep habits.Q：What is the news report mainly about?【解析】选项为how或why开头的句子表明，本题可能考查新闻要点。
2016年6月英语四级真题第三套听力真题及答案和听力原文
2016年6月英语四级真题听力Section A News ReportDirections： In this section， you will hear three news reportsAt the end of each news report， you will hear two or threequestions。
Both the news report and the questions will be spokenonly once.After you hear a qu estion， you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A）， B）， C） andD）。
Then mark t he corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 witha singl e line through the centre。
Drections: Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 1A) This incident occurred in Tibet.B) The d ead cubs were found in the front of a temple.C) Some tiger cubs were dead because of abuse.D) The reason why they were in the freezer was cl ear.Question 2A) About 2 weeks.B) About 7 days.C) About 1 year.D) About 40 days.Question 3A) 17.B) 2.3.C) 57.D) 12.Question 4A) It can reduce the time to travel.B) It can reduce the vehicles on roads.C) It can move cargo between north and south.D) All of A、B and C.Drections:Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 5A) He was abandoned by his parents.B) He got l ost in the forest.C) He went far to drink water.D) It wasn't mentioned.Question 6A) The boy's father.B) Sol diers, police and volunteers.C) Japan's military.D) Chil d psychiatrists.Question 7A) On Wednesday night.B) A few minutes later.C) Wednesday.D) Since Saturday.Section B ConversationDirections： In this section， you will hear two long conversations。
2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(全)
2016年6月大学英语四级真题及参考答案Part ⅡListening Comprehension（听力部分共有两套）四级第一套Section A1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.2. A) Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.4. A) They will be fined.C) They will get a warning.5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. B) It is the creation of something new.7. C) Its innovation culture.Section B8. D) He does not talk long on the phone.9. B) Talk at length.10. A) He thought it was cool.11. C) It is childish and unprofessional.12. B) He is unhappy with his department manager.13. A) His workload was much too heavy.14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.Section C16. A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life.17. C) They get less and less sleep.18. D) Their blood pressure will rise.19. B) What course you are going to choose.20. D) The personal statement.21. C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.22. B) It was built in the late 19th century.23. D) They often broke down.24. A) They were produced on the assembly line.25. C) It marked a new era in motor travel.四级第二套Section A1. C) Why sufficient sleep is important for college students.2. C) Making last-minute preparations for tests may be less effective than sleeping.3. B) Whether the British irports Authority should sell off some of its assets.4. D) Lack of runway and terminal capacity.5. D) Report the nicotine content of their cigarettes.6. A) The biggest increase in nicotine content tended to be in brands young smokers like.7. B) They were not prepared to comment on the cigarette study.Section B8. A) Holland.9. D) Learning a language where it is not spoken.10. C) Trying to speak it as much as one can.11. A) It provides opportunities for language practice.12. B) Rules and regulations for driving.13.C) Make cars that are less powerful.14. D) They tend to drive responsibly.15. C) It is not useful.Section C16. D) The card reader failed to do the scanning.17. B) By covering the credit card with a layer of plastic.18. A) Produce many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures.19. A) They vary among different departments.20.D) By contacting the deparmental office.21. B) They specify the number of credits students must earn.22. C) Students in health classes.23. A) Its overemphasis on thinness.24. B) To explain how computer images can be misleading.25. C) To promote her own concept of beauty.Part ⅢReading Comprehension四级第一套Section A26.O) tend27.M) review28.L) performance29.K) particularly30.N) survive31.E) dropping32.J) mutually33.H) flow34.F) essential35.I) moodSection B36.E）“We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't?37.L）Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don't have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.38.B）Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype (固定看法)？Can doing one's homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.39.H）An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can't just say, ‘Let's put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off,’” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”40.N）The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her intoa more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.41.J）As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk，announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones.(More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)42.F）In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.43.C）I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care，let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.44.I）Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility's type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents' physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.45.G）But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents' responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, c ombined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.Section C46. C) It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.47.D) They are ill-bred.48. C) By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.49. B) Stop to seek advice from a human being.50. A) Determine what is moral and ethical.51. A) to see whether people's personality affects their life span52. D) They are more likely to get over hardship.53. C) Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.54. D) Mothers' negative personality characteristics may affect their children's life span.55. B) Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.四级第二套Section A26.G) growing27.A) dependent28.C) fast29.F) give30.H) launch31.N) successful32.I) policyl33.B) designed34.O) treatments35.E) gainedSection B36.D)As we begin to examine our life, Soupios says, we come to Rule No. 2: Worry only about things that you can control. “The individual who promoted this idea was a Stoic philosopher. His name is Epictetus,” he says. “And what the Stoics say in general is simply this: There is a larger plan in life. You are not really going to be able to understand all of the dimensions of this plan. You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan.”37.B)The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it wa s first written many centuries ago. “There is no expiration (失效) date on wisdom,” he says. “There is no shelf life on intelligence. I think that things have become very gloomy these days, lots of misunderstanding, misleading cues, a lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry (诡辩). The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today.”38.F)To have a meaningful, happy life we need friends. But according to Aristotle—a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great—most relationships don't qualify as true friendships. “Just because I have a business relationship with an individual and I can profit from that relationship, it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend,” Soupios says. “Real friendship is when two individuals share the same soul. It is a beautiful and uncharacteristically poetic image that Aristotle offers.”39.A) Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars, terrorism, economic crises and a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases? The answer is yes, according to a new book The 10 Golden Rules: Ancient Wisdom from the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life. The book is co-authored by Long Island University's philosophy professor Michael Soupios and economics professor Panos Mourdoukoutas.40.L)“This is Aesop, the fabulist (寓言家), the man of these charming little tales, often told interms of animals and animal relationships,” he says. “I think what Aesop was suggesting is that when you offer a good turn to another human being, one can hope that that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you, the doer of the good deed. Even if there is no concrete benefit paid in response to your good deed, at the very least, the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritua lly enlightened moment.”41.H)“This was the highest and most desirable form of pleasure and happiness for the ancient Epicureans,” Soupios says. “This is something that is very much well worth considering here in the modern era. I do not think that we spend nearly enough time trying to concentrate on achieving a sort of calmness, a sort of contentment in a mental and spiritual way, which was identified by these people as the highest form of happiness and pleasure.”42.C)Soupios, along with his co-author Panos Mourdoukoutas, developed their 10 golden rules by turning to the men behind that philosophy—Aristotle, Socrates, Epictetus and Pythagoras, among others. The first rule—examine your life—is the common thread that runs through the entire book. Soupios says that it is based on Plato's observation that the unexamined life is not worth living. “The Greeks are always concerned about boxing themselves in, in terms of convictions (信念),” he says. “So take a step back, switch off the automatic pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities, our values, and our relationships.”43.K)Instead, Soupios says, ancient wisdom urges us to do good. Golden Rule No. 10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded.44.B)The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago. “There is no expiration (失效) date on wisdom,” he says. “There is no shelf life on intelligence. I thi nk that things have become very gloomy these days, lots of misunderstanding, misleading cues, a lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry (诡辩). The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today.”45.J)“This is Hesiod, of course, a younger contemporary poet, we believe, with Homer,” Soupios says. “Hesiod offers an idea—which you very often find in some of the world's great religions, in the Judeo-Christian tradition and in Islam and others—that in some sense, when you hurt another human being, you hurt yourself. That damaging other people in your community and in your life, trashing relationships, results in a kind of self-inflicted (自己招致的) spi ritual wound.”Section C46. D) It usually draws different reactions from different age groups.47. A) It does not seem to create a generational divide.48. B) It helps with their mobility.49. A) The location of their residence.50. C) The wealthy.51. C) Their daily routine followed the rhythm of the natural cycle.52. B) It brought family members closer to each other.53. D) Pace of life.54. B) It is varied, abundant and nutritious.55. A) They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.四级第三套Section A26.M) provide27.A) abandoned28.I) frequent29.L) merely30.C) biased31.G) dependent32.F) dampens33.E) commitment34.N) understandably35.O) unrealisticallySection B36.［F］In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion （转向）of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.37.［K］In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.38.［C］As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.39.［L］Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends thatcause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these—the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families40.［B］I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.41.［H］What about supply? The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is in irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables （地下水位）in countries with half the world's people, including the three big grain producers—China, India and the U.S.42.［M］For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.43.［J］As the world's food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.44.［L］Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these—the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.45.［G］As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels.A fourth of this year's U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.Section C46. B) It weakens in one's later years.47. D) Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.48. C) They function quite well even in old age.49. D) can put what they have learnt into more effective use50. A) find ways to slow down our mental decline51. C) Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.52. A) Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.53. B) When it is made part of kids' education.54. D) She is a firm supporter of pre-K.55. C) Early intervention.Part ⅣTranslation四级第一套功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称。
2016年6月英语四级听力试卷一原文：
2016年6月英语四级听力试卷一原文：News Report 1The International Labor Organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number of unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people living on less than 2 dollars per day in the past three years. The director general of the International Labor Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis.However, he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labor Organization is proposing a global jobs' agreement to deal with unemployment. 'It's key objective is to play so the center of recovery efforts, measures that would generate high levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.'Q1. What is the news report mainly about?Q2. What does, Juan Somavia, the director general of the International Labor Organization say?News Report 2Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first of its kind rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. Cathy Nurses is with the New York City department of health, 'We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before they purchased the food and make a decision and inform decision. That if they want to make their healthier choice, if they want to eat fewer calories they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if it has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and high blood pressure. 'The new rules will introduce as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban and artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serve standardized potion sizes and have fifty more locations nationwide. Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties about 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent spot on their menus preferably next to the price.Q3. What are big fast food chains in New York City require to do according to the new rule?Q4. What would happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule?News Report 3Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today. But not many are able to integrate innovation into their business.A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn't mean piles of documents. It is something more practical. The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it's more than that. It's an attitude of doing things. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes.The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “Corporate Innovation Fund”which offers big rewards for high-risk ideas that succeed. It also has a special innovation facility for its employees. Sometimes its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks and spend their time interacting in the innovation facility instead. In conclusion, the article says innovative ideas alone do not ensure success. It's pointless unless there is a repeatable process in place to turn inspiration into financial performance.Q5. What is the problem with many companies according to the news report?Q6. What do many people tend to think of innovation?Q7. What does the company Procter & Gamble owe its success to?Conversation OneM: So, Linzy, do you like to text message on your cell phone?W: Yeah, I text message a lot.M: I don't do it so much. I prefer to make a call if I'm in a hurry.W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don’t really want to talk to the person. I just want to ask them one question, so it's much easier for me just to text message. If I call them, I'll have to have a long conversation.M: Yeah, I can see what you mean. But I get off the phone pretty quickly when I call. I'm not a big talker.W: Yeah, that's true. You don't talk a lot.M: So are you fast at writing the messages with your thumb?W: Well, when I first got a cell phone, I was so slow. I thought I would never text message. But then people kept text messaging me, soI felt obliged to learn how to text message. So now I'm pretty fast. What about you?M: Actually I have the opposite problem. When I first got my cell phone, I thought it was so cool to text message all my friends who have one, and I was pretty fast with my thumb then. But it seems like now I don't use it so much, I've got slower actually.W: Yeah, I think text messaging actually is what you have to do with your age. For example, people in high school, they text message a lot. But I ask my father if he texted messages, and guess what he said?M: What?W: He said he'd never text message. He thinks it's very childish and unprofessional to text message.M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It's considered pretty informal to text message to someone.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you've just heard.Q8: What does the man say about himself?Q9: What does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone?Q10: Why did the man text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone?Q11: What does the woman's father think of text messaging?Conversation TwoW: Good morning, Mr. Johnson. How can I help you?M: Well, I'd like to talk to you about Tim Bond, the department manager.W: What seems to be the problem?M: Well, ever since Sandra left the department, I feel like I've been targeted to do all her work as well as mine. I'm expected to attend too many meetings and I seem to be spending a lot of my time doing unnecessary paper work.W: I'm sorry to hear that.M: And, on top of that, I'd specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I done a lot of overtime during the week. But that afternoon, even though I'd finished my assigned work, I was told to help other colleagues finish their work, too.W: But surely that's a positive sign showing that Mr. Bond has a lot of trust in you.M: Yes, but other colleagues get to leave early, and they don't have such a lot of work to do.W: So you feel he's really making unrealistic demands on you?M: Yes, absolutely.W: Have you approached Mr. Bond about this particular problem?M: I've tried, but it seems like he just has no time for me.W: Well, at this stage, it would be better if you approached him directly. If nothing else showing that you've tried to solve the problem yourself before you take it further. Makes it clear that you're just not a complainer. Why don't you send an email requesting a meeting with him in private?M: Hmm, I've been a bit worried about his reaction. But anyway I'll send him an email to request a meeting, and I'll see what happens from there. Thanks for your advice.W: Good luck. And let us know the outcome.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you've just heard.Q12. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q13. What is the man's chief complaint?Q14. How does the woman interpret the fact that the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work?Q15. What did the woman advise the man to do?PassagesPassage OneThe massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority. Some 40% of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. "The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer." says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep. People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.Sleeping better may help fight off illness. "When people are sleep-derived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function." says Doctor Felice, of Northwestern University in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer. So say good night sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.Q16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Q17. What do we learn from the talk about today's Americans?Q18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?Passage TwoParents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university. But in the same breath will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is your choice of course. It will depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it is best to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffective generalities and make sure you give concrete examples.Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives. It is not convincing if you say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons, if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.Q19. What is the first decision you should make in preparing to apply for a place at a university?Q20. What is the most important part of the application?Q21. What must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage ThreeIt is widely believed that German invented the first car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars had 2 seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, so every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, wind screen, rubble tires and number plates. Henry Ford's Model T introduced in America in 1909 was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the motor car act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935.Today, the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motor way –the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motor way was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same: the prices.Q22. What does the speaker say about the first motor car?Q23. What was the problem with the early cars in Britain?Q24. Why did Henry Ford's Model T cars cost less?Q25. What do we learn about the Preston Bypass?以下为2016年6月英语四级听力答案：1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.2. C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.4. A) They will be fined.5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. B) It is the creation of something new.7. C) Its innovation culture.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.13. A) His workload was much too heavy.14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.16 A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life17 C) They get less and less sleep18 D) Their blood pressure will rise19. B) What course you are going to choose20. D) The personal statement21. C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject22 B) It was built in the late 19th century.23 D) They often broke down.24 A) They were produced on the assembly line.25 C) It marked a new era in motor travel.。
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题、听力原文及参考答案(第3套)
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：由于2016年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套听力内容与前两套内容完全一样，只是选项的顺序不同而已，故在本套中不再重复给出。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Physical activity does the body good, and there's growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they're running around, theySection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home -- and Contentment, TooA) When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility --a moment few parents or children approach without fear --what you would like is to have everything made clear.B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype (固定看法)? Can doing one's homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.D) The most recent of these studies, published in The Journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes (known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.E) "We thought we would see differences based on the housing types," said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption -- don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't?F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.G) But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents' responses. "It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics --how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status," Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.H) An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in anursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. "You can't just say, 'Let's put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home -- she will be much better off,'" Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, "is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there."I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables --the facility's type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was -- had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents' physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.J) As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)K) Before we collectively tear our hair out -- how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing? -- here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician (老年病学专家) at the University of North Carolina: "In a way, that could be liberating for families."L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don't have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. "Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy," Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.M) We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place -- it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing for their parents.37. Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38. It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39. How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable placeover an apparently elegant assisted living home.41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45. A resident's satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it's necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn't want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. "You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values," said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo (禁忌).One simple cheek would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunityto stop, send out beeps (嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe is moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.46. What does the author say about the threat of robots?A) It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B) It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C) It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D) It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.47. What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A) They are aggressive. C) They are ignorant.B) They are outgoing. D) They are ill-bred.48. How do robots learn human values?A) By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B) By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C) By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D) By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.49. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A) Keep a distance from possible dangers.B) Stop to seek advice from a human being.C) Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.D) Do sufficient testing before taking action.50. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A) Determine what is moral and ethical.B) Design some large-scale experiments.C) Set rules for man-machine interaction.D) Develop a more sophisticated program.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity(长寿)? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and lessneurotic (神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother's personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger. Personality isn't destiny(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't justa matter of your physical health but of your mental health.51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is ________.A) to see whether people's personality affects their life spanB) to find out if one's lifestyle has any effect on their healthC) to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD) to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A) They have a good understanding of evolution.B) They are better at negotiating an agreement.C) They generally appear more resourceful.D) They are more likely to get over hardship.53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A) Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B) Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C) Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D) Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A) Children's personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.B) People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C) Mothers' influence on children may last longer than fathers'.D) Mothers' negative personality characteristics may affect their children's life spans.55. What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A) Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one's life span.B) Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C) Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D) Health is in large part related to one's lifestyle.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题、听力原文及参考答案(第2套)
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any other family member upon making a memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The International Labour Organization's key objective.B) The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C) Rising unemployment worldwide.D) Global economic recovery.2. A) Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B) Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C) Few countries have realised the seriousness of the current crisis.D) Many countries need support to improve their people's livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Serve standardised food nationwide.C) Increase protein content in the food.B) Put calorie information on the menu.D) Offer convenient food to customers.4. A) They will be fined. C) They will get a warning.B) They will be closed.D) They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Inability to implement their business plans.B) Inability to keep turning out novel products.C) Lack of a successful business model of their own.D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A) It is the secret to business success. C) It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.B) It is the creation of something new.D) It is an essential part of business culture.7. A) Its hardworking employees. C) Its innovation culture.B) Its flexible promotion strategy. D) Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He's got addicted to technology. C) He is crazy about text-messaging.B) He is not very good at socializing.D) He does not talk long on the phone.9. A) Talk big.C) Gossip a lot.B) Talk at length. D) Forget herself.10. A) He thought it was cool. C) He wanted to stay connected with them.B) He needed the practice.D) He had an urgent message to send.11. A) It poses a challenge to seniors. C) It is childish and unprofessional.B) It saves both time and money. D) It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.B) He is unhappy with his department manager.C) He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D) He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A) His workload was much too heavy. C) His colleagues often refused to cooperate.B) His immediate boss did not trust him. D) His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A) He never knows how to refuse.C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.B) He is always ready to help others.D) His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A) Put all his complaints in writing. C) Learn to say no when necessary.B) Wait and see what happens next.D) Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B) Reasons for Americans' decline in sleep.C) Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D) Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A) They are more health-conscious. C) They get less and less sleep.B) They are changing their living habits. D) They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A) Their weight will go down. C) Their work efficiency will decrease.B) Their mind function will deteriorate.D) Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) How much you can afford to pay.B) What course you are going to choose.C) Which university you are going to apply to.D) When you are going to submit your application.20. A) The list of courses studied.C) The references from teachers.B) The full record of scores. D) The personal statement.21. A) Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B) Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D) Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It was equipped with rubber tyres.C) It was purchased by the Royal family.B) It was built in the late 19th century.D) It was designed by an English engineer.23. A) They consumed lots of petrol. C) They were difficult to drive.B) They took two passengers only.D) They often broke down.24. A) They were produced on the assembly line. C) They were modeled after British cars.B) They were built with less costly materials. D) They were made for ordinary use.25. A) It made news all over the world. C) It marked a new era in motor travel.B) It was built for the Royal family. D) It attracted large numbers of motorists.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children 26 every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the "good old days", and most older people do not feel 27 .About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have28 contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who don't go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children.However, 29 having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be 30 , however, as ill health often makes older people more 31 and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, 32 spirits.Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious 33 , they are likely to enjoy each other's company. Disagreements on such matters can 34 cause problems. If parents are angered by their daughter's divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raisingSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?A) For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental and economic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilization.B) I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.C) As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.D) States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security, food security and basic social services such as education and health care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate. After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists, drugs, weapons and refugees (难民) threatening political stability everywhere.E) The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008 --and the threat they pose to food security -- has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second half of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramatically several times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets, recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and corn prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-driven -- drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest.F) In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion (转向) of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.G) As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels.A fourth of this year's U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.H) What about supply? The three environmental trends -- the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures -- are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables (地下水位) in countries with half the world's people, including the three big grain producers -- China, India and the U.S.I) As water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, China's wheat crop, the world's largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997. But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in almost every state.J) As the world's food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.K) In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is evenleading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.L) Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these -- the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.M) For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.36. The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.37. Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.38. Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security.39. Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning.40. The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to the collapse of world civilization.41. Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to boosting the world's grain production.42. The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the world's current military spending.43. To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.44. Environmental problems must be solved to ease the current global food shortage.45. A quarter of this year's American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions -- including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving -- started to dull as early as age 27.Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.On the other hand, indicators of a person's accumulated knowledge -- like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge --kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people's minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse."These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one's abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases," Salthouse said in a news release.The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.The tests are designed to detect subtle(细微的) changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition(认知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (痴呆), according to the researchers."By following individuals over time," Salthouse said, "we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline."The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants' health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.46. What is the common view of mental function?A) It varies from person to person.C) It gradually expands with age.B) It weakens in one's later years.D) It indicates one's health condition.47. What does the new study find about mental functions?A) Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.B) They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.C) They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.D) Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.48. What does Timothy Salthouse say about people's minds in most cases?A) They tend to decline in people's later years.B) Their flexibility determines one's abilities.C) They function quite well even in old age.D) Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.49. Although people's minds may function less flexibly as they age, theyA) may be better at solving puzzlesB) can memorize things with more easeC) may have greater facility in abstract reasoningD) can put what they have learnt into more effective use50. According to Salthouse, their study may help us ________.A) find ways to slow down our mental declineB) find ways to boost our memoriesC) understand the complex process of mental functioningD) understand the relation between physical and mental healthPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The most important thing in the news last week was the rising discussion in Nashville about the educational needs of children. The shorthand(简写) educators use for this is "pre-K" --meaning instruction before kindergarten --and the big idea is to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be ready to succeed on their K-12 journey.But it gets complicated. The concept has multiple forms, and scholars and policymakers argue about the shape, scope and cost of the ideal program.The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more than 30 million children. It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt University's Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.A new Peabody study of the Tennessee V oluntary Pre-K program reports that pre-K works, but the gains are not sustained through the third grade. It seems to me this highlights quality issues in elementary schools more than pre-K, and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-K with all the other issues related to educating a child.Pre-K is controversial. Some critics say it is a luxury and shouldn't be free to families able to pay. Pre-K advocates insist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with the rest of the child's schooling. I lean toward the latter view.This is, in any case, the right conversation to be having now as Mayor Megan Barry takes office. She was the first candidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming. The important thing is for all of us to keep in mind the real goal and the longer, bigger picture.The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K that early intervention (干预) works. What government has not yet found is the political will to put that understanding into full practice with a sequence of smart schooling that provides the early foundation.For this purpose, our schools need both the talent and the organization to educate each child who arrives at the schoolhouse door. Some show up ready, but many do not at this critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.51. What does the author say about pre-kindergarten education?A) It should cater to the needs of individual children.B) It is essential to a person's future academic success.C) Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.D) Parents regard it as the first phase of children's development.52. What does the new Peabody study find?A) Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.B) The third grade marks a new phase of learning.C) The third grade is critical to children's development.D) Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs,53. When does the author think pre-K works the best?A) When it is accessible to kids of all families.B) When it is made part of kids' education.C) When it is no longer considered a luxury.D) When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.54. What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?A) She knows the real goal of education.C) She has once run a pre-K program.B) She is a mayor of insight and vision. D) She is a firm supporter of pre-K.55. What does the author think is critical to kids' education?A) Teaching method. C) Early intervention.B) Kids' interest. D) Parents' involvement.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。
大学英语四六级考试-2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题听力原文及参考答案(第1套)
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）参考答案Part I WritingDear Jack,I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude to you. It is very kind of you to help me out when I was in difficulty.As you may know, I have been addicted to the Internet for quite a while. Every day I would spend a whopping one –quarter of waking hours in the virtual world connecting with people on the net, as a substitution for real-life human connection. Having realized the harmful effects of excessive use of the Internet, you made great efforts to discourage me from Internet addiction. Fortunately, with your persistent support and selfless assistance, I have freed myself from Internet obsession now.A friend in need is a friend indeed; I am deeply indebted to you for your timely help and I will cherish our friendship forever no matter what happens. Again, please accept my heartfelt appreciation.Affectionately yours, Li MingPart IV TranslationIn Weifang, Shandong Province, the kite is not only toys, but also the symbol of the city’s culture. Weifang, being famous for “the city of kites” has a history of nearly 2,400 kite flying. Legend has it that Mo Zi, and ancient Chinese philosopher, spent three years on making the world’s first kitein Weifang. But the kite fell and broke on the first day of flying. It is also believed that the kite was invented by Lu Ban, and ancient Chinese carpenter. It is said that his kite, made of wood and bamboo, flew for three days before landing.Part II Listening Comprehension 听力原文Section AQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.You probably think college students are experts at sleeping, but parties, preparations for test, personal problems and general stress can wreck a student’s sleep habits, which can be bad for the body and for mind. Texas Tech University is even offering a class called Improving Your Sleep Habits. People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from obesity, psychological problems and car crashes. Students who don’t get enough sleep have poor attendance and lower grades. On top of all that, a new study published in the journey “Learning and Memory” finds you are probably better off sleeping than making last-minute preparations for a test. Two hundred college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games. Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later. But they did much better after getting a good sleep. So if you really want to do your job well, don’t forget to get some sleep.1. What is the news report mainly about?2. What is the finding of the new study published in the journey Learning and Memory?Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Long queues, the delayed flights and overcrowding at airports have become almost as much a topic for conversation in Britain as the traditional complaining about the weather. Meanwhile, there are complains that poor service at London’s major airports is discouraging foreigners from doing business in Britain. Much of the criticism is directed at the British Airports Authority, which runs seven major airports, including the three main ones serving London. The Competition Commission is now to investigate whether the British Airports Authority needs to set off some of its assets. The idea is that competition between rival operators would lead to better service at airports. The British Airports Authority, recently bought by a Spanish company, says the root cause of the problem is not the ownership structure but a lack of runway and terminal capacity, which it is addressing through a program of heavy investment.3. What is the competition commission is going to investigate?4. What is the root cause of the poor service at British airports according to the British Airports Authority?Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Under the law in Massachusetts, tobacco companies have to measure the nicotine content of every type of cigarette and report the results. The Department of Public Health in Boston gathersand carefully examines the figures and then draws its conclusions. A hundred and sixteen brands were looked at for the study. Ninety-two were found to have higher nicotine yields than they did six years previously. The biggest increases tended to be in brands that were popular with young smokers. That worries the department because of the addictive nature of nicotine. Stand Glance, a professor of medicine in San Francisco explains why. “The amount of nicotine that’s delivered in every cigarette is 10% higher than it was six years ago, which means that is easier to get hooked and harder to quit. The big tobacco companies have always insisted that they are frank with their customers about the dangers of smoking and provide them with enough detail to make an informed decision. However, none of them were prepared to comment on this study or discuss the detailed nicotine content of their products.”5. What do tobacco companies have to do under the law in Massachusetts?6. What do we learn from the study by the Department of Public Health in Boston?7. What do we learn from the news report about big tobacco companies?Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: And you know one thing that I want to ask you. It’s great that you have had this experience of teaching in Indonesia and following up on what you just mentioned, what would you recommend for students who do not live in English-speaking country? And, you know, they want to learn. I don’t know about perfecting but they want at least to be able to communicate decently. How can they go about this?W: Yeah, it is really hard. That is the real struggle because, right now, I do live in Holland, but I really don’t socialize much with Dutch people and my boyfriend’s English is so good that we just basically speak English all the time. So I have to make a real effort to practice. There is much listening exposure as I want--all I need to do is to turn on the TV.M: And reading also, right?W: Yeah, reading. There is plenty I can get to read and listen to. But for speaking, there really is no substitute for trying to speak and use the language in a relaxed atmosphere. So I think that’s really the challenge for people who live in a country where their target language isn’t spoken. And for that, gosh, what would I do? If I didn’t have people here, probably try to find a club? In Sweden, they have a really cool system called Study Circles; well, it’s not…It’s like a course, but really you just have a course leader who is there, sort of, as a coach and to help out. And you don’t get grades, and you go just because you want to learn.8. Where does the woman live right now?9. What does the woman say is the real challenge?10. What does the woman suggest doing to learn to speak a foreign language?11. What does the woman say about the Study Circles in Sweden?Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: Okay, Nathan. So we are talking driving and are there any rules or regulations you’d like to change?M: I’m not sure I want to change rules, but I’d like the police to be stricter on the rules. Like if people jump the traffic lights, I don’t know why there isn’t a camera at the traffic lights to stop people doing that. Or like speeding, it is very easy to put speed cameras in certain places.W: Maybe car manufacturers should have some responsibilities in limiting the power of their engines. What’s the point of producing an engine that is big and powerful enough to go like 200 kilometers /h when the speed limit is only 100?M: Right, but you know there are no speed limits in Germany?W: People there do drive responsible, though. Often people break laws simply because the laws are there. If the law isn’t there, people will drive with their ability range. When you’ve got speed limits, this creates situation actually present dangers on the road.M: Do you think Germans have better education about the personal responsibility when driving? W: Possibly, they also have very good cars.M: Right.W: If you’ve got a good car that can go at a high speed, then it’s really nice to do that.M: But still with care.W: So I think it’s the restrictions that create dangers sometimes.M: Okay.W: Obviously, when driving through a residential area where there is a school, you’ve got to have speed policemen.M: Speed bumps.W: Yes, speed bumps, those speed bumps that force you to slow down. I think they are a good idea.M: So you don’t think fining people is useful.W: Not really, but the police don’t have time to police every single driver.12. What do the speakers mainly talking about?13. What does the woman think car manufacturers could do?14. What can we learn about people driving in Germany?15. What does the woman think of the police fining drivers?Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Behind the cash register at a store in downtown San Francisco, Sam Azar swiped his credit card to pay for a pack of cigarettes. The store’s card reader failed to scan the card’s magnetic strip. Azar tried again and again, no luck. As customers began to queue, Mr. Azar reached beneath thecounter for a plastic black bag. He wrapped one layer of the plastic around the card and tried again. Success! The sale was completed. “I don’t know how it works. It just does,” said Mr. Azar who learned the trick for another clerk. Verifone, the company that makes the store’s card reader, would not confirm or deny that plastic bag trick worked. But it’s one of the many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures that people without engineering degrees have discovered--often out of desperation--and shared. Today’s shaky economy is likely to produce many more such tricks. “In postwar Japan, the economy wasn’t doing the great, so you couldn’t get everyday-use items like household cleaners,” says Lisa Katayama, author of Urawaza, a book named after the Japanese term for clever lifestyle tips and tricks. “So people look for ways to do with what they had.” Today, Americans are finding their own tips and tricks for fixing malfunctioning devices with supplies as simple as paper and glue. Some, like Mr. Azar’s plastic bags, are open to argument as to how they work or whether they really work at all. But many tech home remedies can be explained by a little science.16. What happened when Sam Azar swiped his credit card to pay for his purchase?17. How did Sam Azar manage to complete his sale?18. What is today’s shaky economy likely to do?Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.If you are a graduate student, you may depend on your adviser for many things including help with improving grades, acquiring financial support, forming an examining committee and getting letters of recommendation. If you’re a graduate teaching assistant, your adviser also may be your boss. Academic departments vary in their procedures for assigning academic advisers to graduate students. In some departments, either the chairman or the director of graduate studies serves for at least the first semester as a new student adviser. Then students select an adviser based on shared academic interests. In other departments, a new student is assigned a faculty adviser based on some system of distribution of the department’s advising load. Later, students may have the opportunity of selecting the adviser that they prefer. In any case, new graduate students can learn who their advisers or temporary advisers are by visiting or emailing the departmental office and asking for the information. Graduation requirements specify the number of credits you must earn, the minimum grade point average you must achieve and the distribution of credits you must have from among differing departments or fields of study. In addition, it is necessary to apply for graduation when you are near the time that you will be completing your graduation requirements. Since graduation requirements vary among divisions of the university, you should consult the Bulletin of information. You should also direct your questions to your departmental office or academic adviser.19. What does the speaker say about procedures for assigning academic advisers?20. How can new graduate students learn who their advisers are?21. What does the speaker say about the graduation requirements?Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Joly Hubbard is a diet and nutrition expert who travels around the state to speak in middle and high schools. She primarily speaks to students in health classes but sometimes the school will arrange for her to speak to several different groups of girls. Her biggest concern is the emphasis American culture places on thinness and the negative way that affects girls today. Jody has a Ph.D. in nutrition, but more important, she has personal experience. Her mother taught her to diet when she was only 8 years old. Joly has created several different presentations, which she gives to different types of audiences, and she tries to establish an emotional connection with the students so that they will feel comfortable asking questions or talking to her privately. She shows them pictures and images from popular culture of beautiful women and explains how computers are used to make the women look even more thin and beautiful than they are in real life. She describes how the definition of beauty has changed over the years and even from culture to culture. She then talks about health issues and the physical damage that can occur the result of dieting. Finally, she addresses self-respect and that notion that a person’s sense of beauty must include more than how much a person weighs. Sometimes, Joly feels that she succeeds persuading some students to stop dieting. Other times, she feels that she fails.22. Who does Jody Hubbard primarily speak to?23. What is Jody Hubbard’s biggest concern about American culture?24. Why does Jody Hubbard show pictures of beautiful women to her audiences?25. What is Jody Hubbard’s main purpose in giving her speeches?。
2016年6月大学英语四级听力题目答案与原文第1套
-----2016 年6 月大学英语四级真题（第1 套）WritingPart I(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter toexpress your thanks toyour parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should writeat least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report, you willhear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions willbe spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.A)The International Labor Organization's key objective. 1.B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C)Rising unemployment worldwide. D)Global economic recovery.A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.2.B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D)Many countries need support to improve their people's livelihood. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Serve standardized food nationwide.B)Put calorie information on the menu.C)Increase protein content in the food.D)Offer convenient food to customers.4.A)They will be fined.B)They will be closed.C)They will get a warning.D)They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Inability to implement their business plans.B)Inability to keep turning out novel products. C)Lackof a successful business model of their own.----------D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6.A)It is the secret to business success. B)Itis the creation of something new. C)It is amagic tool to bring big rewards. D)It is anessential part of business culture.A)Its hardworking employees. 7.B)Its flexible promotion strategy.C)Its innovation culture.D)Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversationsyou will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once.After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)He's got addicted to technology.B)He is not very good at socializing.C)He is crazy about text-messaging.D)He does not talk long on the phone. A)Talk big. 9.B)Talk at length.C)Gossip a lot.D)Forget herself.A)He thought it was cool.10.B)He needed the practice.C)He wanted to stay connected with them.D)He had an urgent message to send.11.A)It poses a challenge to seniors.B)It saves both time and money.C)It is childish and unprofessional.D)It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)He wants to change his job assignment. B)Heis unhappy with his department manager. C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime. D)Heis often singled out for criticism by his boss.----------13.A)His workload was much too heavy. B)Hisimmediate boss did not trust him. C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate. D)Hissalary was too low for his responsibility.14.A)He never knows how to refuse.B)He is always ready to help others.C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.D)His boss has no sense of fairness.15.A)Put all his complaints in writing.B)Wait and see what happens next.C)Learn to say no when necessary.D)Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.life.a healthy 16.A)The importance of sleep tosleep. in B)Reasons for Americans' declineC)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17.A)They are more health-conscious.B)They are changing their living habits.C)They get less and less sleep.D)They know the dangers of lack of sleep. A)Their weight willgo down.18. B)Their mind function will deteriorate.C)Their work efficiency will decrease.D)Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)How much you can afford to pay. B)Whatcourse you are going to choose. C)Which university you are going to apply to. D)When youare going to submit your application.A)The list of courses studied.20.B)The full record of scores.----------C)The references from teachers.D)The personal statement.21.A)Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B)Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D)Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It was equipped with rubber tyres. B)Itwas built in the late 19th century. C)It was purchased by the Royal family. D)It wasdesigned by an English engineer. 23.A)They consumed lots of petrol.B)They took two passengers only.C)They were difficult to drive.D)They often broke down.24.A)They were produced on the assembly line.B)They were built with less costly materials.C)They were modeled after British cars. D)They were made for ordinary use. 25.A)It made news all over the world. B)Itwas built for the Royal family. C)Itmarked a new era in motor travel. D)Itattracted large numbers of motorists.----------Listening ComprehensionSection A(1 ) The International Labor Organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. Inits latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number ofunemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warnsthat 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people living on less than 2 dollarsper day in the past three years. The director general of the International Labor Organization JuanSomavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis.However, he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, (2)it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labor Organization is proposing a global jobs ' agreement to —deal with unemployment.“Its key objective is to place the center of recovery effortsmeasuresthat would generate high levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the潭瑳瘠汵敮慲汢?尠1. What is the news report mainly about?]C[ 参考答案CB [ 解题技巧] 选项A 是国际劳工组织的主要目标，选项是对弱势群体的社会保障，选项，此题应与失业或就业有关。
2016年6月英语四级听力真题附答案及原文
2016年6月英语四级听力真题附答案及原文（完整版）听力内容：Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear three news reports。
At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。
Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard。
1。
A）The International Labor Organization's key objective。
B）The basic social protection for the most vulnerable。
C）Rising unemployment worldwide。
D）Global economic recovery。
2。
A）Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs。
B）Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis。
C）Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis。
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题两套
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题两套全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The 2016 June College English Test (CET) Level 4 consists of two sets of test papers, A and B. Each set contains listening, reading, writing, and translation sections, testing the examinees' comprehensive English language abilities.In the listening section, examinees are required to listen to a set of recorded texts and answer multiple-choice questions based on the information they have heard. The listening section tests the examinees' ability to understand spoken English in a variety of contexts, such as lectures, conversations, and news reports.The reading section consists of a series of passages followed by multiple-choice questions that test the examinees' comprehension and interpretation of the text. The passages cover a wide range of topics, including science, history, literature, and current events, to assess the examinees' ability to understand and analyze written English.The writing section requires examinees to write an essay on a given topic within a specified time limit. The essay prompt may be based on a quote, a statement, or a question, prompting examinees to express their opinions and ideas clearly and coherently in written English.The translation section tests the examinees' ability to translate a passage from Chinese to English. The passage may cover a range of topics, such as social issues, cultural phenomena, and scientific discoveries, challenging examinees to convey the meaning and nuances of the original text accurately and fluently in English.Overall, the 2016 June CET Level 4 test papers provide a comprehensive assessment of examinees' English language proficiency, covering listening, reading, writing, and translation skills. Examinees are encouraged to prepare thoroughly and practice regularly to achieve success in this challenging assessment.篇2In June 2016, two sets of the College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) were administered to test takers across China. The CET-4 is a standardized English proficiency exam that measures theability of Chinese college students to understand and use English in real-life situations. It is an important milestone for many students as a passing score is often required for graduation and employment opportunities.The first set of the exam included listening, reading, and writing sections. The listening section consisted ofmultiple-choice questions based on audio clips that tested students' ability to understand spoken English in different accents and contexts. The reading section required students to read passages and answer comprehension questions to evaluate their reading skills. The writing section asked students to write an essay on a given topic to demonstrate their ability to express ideas clearly and coherently in English.The second set of the exam was similar in format but had different questions and topics to ensure fairness and prevent cheating. Both sets of the exam were challenging and required students to have a good grasp of English grammar, vocabulary, and overall language skills.Overall, the June 2016 CET-4 exam was a good measure of students' English proficiency and provided a fair assessment of their language abilities. Students who prepared diligently andpracticed regularly were likely to have performed well on the exam and achieved their desired scores.In conclusion, the CET-4 exam is an important test for Chinese college students seeking to improve their English skills and enhance their career prospects. By studying hard and taking the exam seriously, students can demonstrate their English proficiency and open up new opportunities for themselves in the future.篇32016年6月大学英语四级考试真题包括两套考卷，其中包含听力、阅读、写作和翻译等不同部分。
2016年6月四级第二套听力原文及解析
You probably think college students are experts at sleeping.你可能会认为大学生是睡眠大师，But parties, preparations for tests, personal problems and general stress can wreck a student's sleep habits, which can be bad for the body and the mind.然而聚会、备考、个人问题以及各种压力都在破坏着他们的睡眠习惯，这给他们的身心带来了很坏的影响。
Texas Tech University is even offering a class called "Improving Your Sleep Habits". 得克萨斯理工大学甚至开设了一门名为《改善你的睡眠习惯》的课程。
People suffering from sleep loss are adding increased risk from obesity, psychological problems and car crashes.被失眠困扰的人出现肥胖或心理问题的可能性更高，被卷入车祸事件的几率更大。
Students who don't get enough sleep have poorer attendance and lower grades. 缺乏睡眠的学生出勤率偏低，成绩相对较差。
On top of all that, a new study published in the journal Learning & Memory finds you are probably better off sleeping than making last-minute preparations for a test.除此之外，一份刊登在《学习与记忆》日报上的研究发现睡觉比临时抱佛脚更有可能得到好结果。
2016年6月英语四级听力原文
主题：2016年6月英语四级听力原文内容：1. 第一部分：短对话a. 对话一：关于购物A: Excuse me, could you tell me where the men's department is? B: Sure, it's on the second floor, next to the women's department.A: Thanks a lot.B: You're wee.b. 对话二：预订房间A: Good afternoon, can I help you?B: Yes, I'd like to book a single room for three nights, starting from the 22nd of this month.A: Alright, let me check for you. Yes, we do have rooms av本人lable. Would you like a smoking or non-smoking room?B: A non-smoking room, please.A: Alright, that will be $80 per night, including tax.B: Great, I'll take it.2. 第二部分：长对话a. 对话一：关于兼职工作A: Hi, Sarah. I heard you're looking for a part-time job. Did you find one yet?B: Hi, Jack. No, not yet. I've been to a few interviews, but no luck so far.A: Have you tried checking the university job board? I heard they have a lot of part-time positions av本人lable.B: No, I haven't. I'll definitely look into that. Thanks for the tip!b. 对话二：关于旅行计划A: So, where are we going for our vacation this summer?B: I was thinking maybe we could go to Europe. It's been a dream of mine to visit Paris and Rome.A: Europe sounds great! I've always wanted to see the Eiffel Tower and the Colosseum.B: Yeah, and we can also visit London and Barcelona. It's going to be an amazing trip!3. 第三部分：短文a. 短文一：关于环保In recent years, environmental issues have be a hot topic of discussion. People all over the world are bing more aware of the importance of protecting the environment. The excessive use ofnatural resources and the increasing pollution have led to a number of environmental problems, such as global warming, deforestation, and 本人r and water pollution. It is crucial for individuals, governments, and organizations to work together to address these issues and protect our planet for future generations.b. 短文二：关于健康生活M本人nt本人ning a healthy lifestyle is essential for our overall well-being. This includes eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, and managing stress. In today's fast-paced world, it can be challenging to prioritize our health, but it is important to make an effort to incorporate healthy habits into our d本人ly lives. By taking care of our physical and mental health, we can lead a more fulfilling and productive life.4. 结论英语四级听力考试内容涵盖日常生活中的各个方面，包括日常对话、旅行计划、环保和健康生活等话题。
2016年6月-四级听力第一套-真题及听力原文
2016年6月-四级听力第一套-真题及听力原文2016.06 1stSection ADirections：In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A）The International Labor Organization’s key objective.B）The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C）Rising unemployment worldwide.D）Global economic recovery.2. A）Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B）Few countries know how to address the currenteconomic crisis.C）Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D）Many countries need support to improve their people’s livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A）Serve standardized food nationwide. B）Put calorie information on the menu.C）Increase protein content in the food. D）Offer convenient food to customers.4. A）They will be fined. B）They will be closed.C）They will get a warning. D）They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A）Inability to implement their business plans. C）Lack of a successful business model of their own.B）Inability to keep turning out novel products. D）Failure to integrate innovation into theirbusiness.6. A）It is the secret to business success. B）It is the creation of something new.C）It is a magic tool to bring big rewards. D）It is an essential part of business culture.7. A）Its hardworking employees. B）Its flexible promotion strategy.C）Its innovation culture. D）Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）,B）,C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A）He’s got addicted to technology.B）He is not very good at socializing.C）He is crazy about text-messaging. D）He does not talk long on the phone.9. A）Talk big. B）Talk at length. C）Gossip a lot. D）Forget herself.10. A）He thought it was cool. B）He needed the practice.C）He wanted to stay connected with them. D）He had an urgent message to send.11. A）It poses a challenge to seniors. B）It saves both time and money.C）It is childish and unprofessional. D）It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A）He wants to change his job assignment. B）He is unhappy with his department manager.C）He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime. D）He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A）His workload was much too heavy. B）His immediate boss did not trust him.C）His colleagues often refused to cooperate. D）His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A）He never knows how to refuse. B）He is always ready to help others.C）His boss has a lot of trust in him. D）His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A）Put all his complaints in writing. B）Wait and see what happens next.C）Learn to say no when necessary. D）Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections：In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）,B）,C）and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A）The importance of sleep to a healthy life. B）Reasons for Americans’ decline in sleep.C）Some tips to improve the quality of sleep. D）Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A）They are more health-conscious. B）They are changing their living habits.C）They get less and less sleep. D）They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A）Their weight will go down. B）Their mind function will deteriorate.C）Their work efficiency will decrease. D）Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A）How much you can afford to pay.B）What course you are going to choose.C）Which university you are going to apply to.D）When you are going to submit your application.20. A）The list of courses studied. B）The full record of scores.C）The references from teachers. D）The personal statement.21. A）Specify what they would like to do aftergraduation.B）Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C）Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D）Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A）It was equipped with rubber tyres. B）It was built in the late 19th century.C）It was purchased by the Royal family. D）It was designed by an English engineer.23. A）They consumed lots of petrol. B）They took two passengers only.C）They were difficult to drive. D）They often broke down.24. A）They were produced on the assembly line. B）They were built with less costly materials.C）They were modeled after British cars. D）They were made for ordinary use.25. A）It made news all over the world.B）It was built for the Royal family.C）It marked a new era in motor travel. D）It attracted large numbers of motorists.参考答案1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.2. C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.4. A) They will be fined.5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. B) It is the creation of something new.7. C) Its innovation culture.8. D)He does not talk long on the phone.9.B) talk at length.10.A) He thought it was cool.11.C) It is childish and unprofessional.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.13. A) His workload was much too heavy.14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.16 A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life17 C) They get less and less sleep18 D) Their blood pressure will rise19. B) What course you are going to choose20. D) The personal statement21. C）Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject22 B) It was built in the late 19th century.23 D) They often broke down.24 A) They were produced on the assembly line.25 C) It marked a new era in motor travel.News Report 1The International Labor Organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number of unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people living on less than 2 dollars per day in the past three years. The director general of the International Labor Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address theeffects of the global crisis.However, he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labor Organization is proposing a global jobs' agreement to deal with unemployment. 'It's key objective is to play so the center of recovery efforts, measures that would generate high levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.'Q1. What is the news report mainly about?Q2. What does, Juan Somavia, the director general of the International Labor Organization say? News Report 2Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first of its kind rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. Cathy Nurses is with the New York City department of health, 'We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before they purchasedthe food and make a decision and inform decision. That if they want to make their healthier choice, if they want to eat fewer calories they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if it has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and high blood pressure. 'The new rules will introduce as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban and artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serve standardized potion sizes and have fifty more locations nationwide. Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties about 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent spot on their menus preferably next to the price.Q3. What are big fast food chains in New York City require to do according to the new rule?Q4. What would happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule?News Report ThreeAlmost all companies recognize the importance ofinnovation today. But not many are able to integrate innovation into their business.A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn't mean piles of documents. It is something more practical. The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it's more than that. It's an attitude of doing things. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes.The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “Corporate Innovation Fund” which offers big rewards for high-risk ideas that succeed. It also has a special innovation facility for its employees. Sometimes its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks and spend their time interacting in the innovation facility instead. In conclusion, the article says innovative ideas alonedo not ensure success. It's pointless unless there is a repeatable process in place to turn inspiration into financial performance.Q5. What is the problem with many companies according to the news report?Q6. What do many people tend to think of innovation?Q7. What does the company Procter & Gamble owe its success to?【Conversation】Conversation OneM: So, Linzy, do you like to text message on your cell phone?W: Yeah, I text message a lot.M: I don't do it so much. I prefer to make a call if I'm in a hurry.W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don’t really want to talk to the person. I just want to ask them one question, so it's much easier for me just to text message. If I call them, I'll have to have a long conversation.M: Yeah, I can see what you mean. But I get off the phone pretty quickly when I call. I'm not a big talker.W: Yeah, that's true. You don't talk a lot.M: So are you fast at writing the messages with your thumb?W: Well, when I first got a cell phone, I was so slow.I thought I would never text message. But then people kept text messaging me, so I felt obliged to learn how to text message. So now I'm pretty fast. What about you?M: Actually I have the opposite problem. When I first got my cell phone, I thought it was so cool to text message all my friends who have one, and I was pretty fast with my thumb then. But it seems like now I don't use it so much, I've got slower actually.W: Yeah, I think text messaging actually is what you have to do with your age. For example, people in high school, they text message a lot. But I ask my father if he texted messages, and guess what he said?M: What?W: He said he'd never text message. He thinks it's very childish and unprofessional to text message. M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It's considered pretty informal to text message to someone. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you've just heard.Q8: What does the man say about himself?Q9: What does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone?Q10: Why did the man text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone?Q11: What does the woman's father think of text messaging?Conversation TwoW: Good morning, Mr. Johnson. How can I help you?M: Well, I'd like to talk to you about Tim Bond, the department manager.W: What seems to be the problem?M: Well, ever since Sandra left the department, I feel like I've been targeted to do all her work aswell as mine. I'm expected to attend too many meetings and I seem to be spending a lot of my time doing unnecessary paper work.W: I'm sorry to hear that.M: And, on top of that, I'd specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I done a lot of overtime during the week. But that afternoon, even though I'd finished my assigned work, I was told to help other colleagues finish their work, too.W: But surely that's a positive sign showing that Mr. Bond has a lot of trust in you.M: Yes, but other colleagues get to leave early, and they don't have such a lot of work to do.W: So you feel he's really making unrealistic demands on you?M: Yes, absolutely.W: Have you approached Mr. Bond about this particular problem?M: I've tried, but it seems like he just has no time for me.W: Well, at this stage, it would be better if you approached him directly. If nothing else showingthat you've tried to solve the problem yourself before you take it further. Makes it clear that you're just not a complainer. Why don't you send an email requesting a meeting with him in private? M: Hmm, I've been a bit worried about his reaction. But anyway I'll send him an email to request a meeting, and I'll see what happens from there. Thanks for your advice.W: Good luck. And let us know the outcome. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you've just heard.Q12. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q13. What is the man's chief complaint?Q14. How does the woman interpret the fact that the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work?Q15. What did the woman advise the man to do?【Passages】Passage OneThe massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend.Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority. Some 40% of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. "The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer." says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep. People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.Sleeping better may help fight off illness. "When people are sleep-derived, there are higher levels ofstress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function." says Doctor Felice, of Northwestern University in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer. So say good night sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.Q16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Q17. What do we learn from the talk about today's Americans?Q18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?Passage TwoParents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university. But in the same breath will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is your choice of course. It will depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely tomeet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it is best to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffective generalities and make sure you give concrete examples.Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives. It is not convincing if you say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons, if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.Q19. What is the first decision you should make inpreparing to apply for a place at a university?Q20. What is the most important part of the application?Q21. What must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage ThreeIt is widely believed that German invented the first car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars had 2 seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, so every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, wind screen, rubble tires and number plates. Henry Ford's Model T introduced in America in 1909 was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the motor car act. Competency testswere introduced in 1935.Today, the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motor way – the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motor way was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same: the prices.Q22. What does the speaker say about the first motor car?Q23. What was the problem with the early cars in Britain?Q24. Why did Henry Ford's Model T cars cost less?Q25. What do we learn about the Preston Bypass?。
2016年6月大学英语四级真题听力原文(一二三套)
2016年6月大学英语四级真题听力原文(一二三套)DInternational Labour Organization is proposing a global job agreement to deal with unemployment.“It’s key objective is to place the center of recovery efforts, measures will generate higher levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.”1、What is the news report main about?2、What does Juan Somavia, Director-General of the International Labour Organization say?News Report 2Big fast food chains in New York city have started to obey a first kind of its rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. City Nurses is with New York department of health.“We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before they purchase the food and make a decision and informed decision that if they want to make the healthierchoice. If they want to eat fewer calories, they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if this has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and high blood pressure.”The new rules will be introduced as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban on artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serves standardized potion sizes and have fifty or more locations nationwide. Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties of up to 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent sports on their menus, preferably next to the price.3. what are big fast food chains in New York city required to do according to the new rule?4.What will happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule?News Report 3Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today, but not many are able to integrate innovation into their business. A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn’t mean piles of documents, it’s something more practical. The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it’s more than that. It’s an attitude of doing thing. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes.The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture, and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “Corporate Innovation Fund” which offers big rewards for high-risk ideas. It also has a special innovation facility for its employees. Sometimes its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks and spend theirtime interrupting in the innovation facility instead. In conclusion, the article says innovative ideas alone d o not ensure success. It’s pointless unless there is repeatable processes in place to turn inspiration into financial performance.5. What is the problem of many companies according to news report?6. What do many people tend to think of the innovation?7. What does the company Procter & Gamble owe its success to?Section BConversation 1M: So, Lenzy, do you like to text message on your cell phone?W:Yeah, I text message a lot.M: I don’t do it so much, I prefer to make a call if I’m in a hurry.W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don’t want to talk to the person, I just want to ask hima question, so it’s much easier for me, just text message, if I call them, I have to have a long conversation.M: Yeah, I can see what you mean. But I get of f the phone pretty quickly when I call. I’m not a big talker.W: Yeah, that’s true, you don’t talk a lot.M: So are you fast at writing the message with your thumb?W: Well, when I first get a cellphone, I was so slow, I thought I would never text message. But then people kept text messaging me. So I felt obliged to learn how to text message, so now I’m pretty fast. What about you?M: Actually I have the opposite problem. When I first get my cellphone, I thought it was so cool the to text message all my friends who have one. And I was pretty fast with my thumb then. But it seems like now I don’t use so much.I got slower actually.W: Yeah, I’ve been text messaging actually sort of has to do with your age. For example,people in high school, they text message a lot. But I asked my father if he texted message, and guess what he said?M: What?W: He said he’d never text message. He thinks it’s very childish and unprofessional to text message.M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It’s considered pretty informal to text message someone.8. what does the man say about himself?9. what does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone?10. why did the men text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone?11. what does the woman’s fat her think of the text massage?Conversation 2W: Good morning, Mr. Johnson, how can I help you?M: well, I’d like to talk to you about TeamBarn, the department manager.W: What seems to be the problem?M: Well, ever since Sandra left the departm ent, I feel like I’ve been targeted to do all her work as well as mine. I’m expected to attend many meetings. And I seem to be spending a lot of time doing unnecessary paper work.W: I’m sorry to hear that.M: And on top of that, I’ve specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I’d done a lot of overtime during the week. But that afternoon, even though I’d finished my assigned work, I was told to help other colleagues finish their work, too.W: But surely that’s a positive sign showing that Mr. Bond has a lot of trust in you.M: Yeah, but other colleague gets leave early, and they don’t have such a lot of work to do.W: So you feel he’s making unrealistic demands on you?M: Yes, absolutely.W: Have you approached Mr. Bond about this particular problem?M: I’ve tried, but it seems like he just has no time for me.W: Well, at this stage, it would be better to approach him directly. If nothing else showing that you’ve tried to solve the problem yourself before you take it further, mak es it clear you’re just not a complainer. Why don’t you send him an email requesting a meeting with him in private?M: Hmm, I feel a bit worried about his reaction. But, anyway I’ll send him an email request a meeting, and I’ll see what happens from there. Thanks for your advice.W: Good luck. And let us know the outcome.12. what do we know about the man from the conversation?13. what is the man’s chief complaint?14. How was the women interpret the factthat the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work?15. what did the women advise the man to do?Section CPassage 1The massive decline in sleep happens so slowly and quietly that feel seems trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is the top priority. Some 40% of the Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. “The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer.” says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hoursin the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels high during sleep. People who sleep less and have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.Sleeping better may help fight of illnesses. “when people sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function.” says Doctor Felice of Northwestern university in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer. So say goodnight sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a right old age.16.What is the speaker mainly talking about?17.What do we learn from the talk about today’s Americans?18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?Passage 2Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when apply for a place in university, but in the same breath, they will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is your choice of course, it would depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it’s better to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffective generalities,and make sure you give the concrete examples. Admission officers will read every personal statement that arrives. It’s not convincing if you say you have chosen a subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.19. what is the first decision you should make in preparing to apply for a place at a university?20. what is the most important part of the application?21. what must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage 3It is usually agreed that a German Carl Benzbuilt the first motor car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the Royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars have two seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, So even driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, with screen, rubber tyres and number plates. Henry Ford’s Model T introduced in America in 1909, which cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the Motor Car Act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935.Today, the legal driving age of car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening ofits first motorway—the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motorway was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motorway and the legend of transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same: the prices.22.What does the speaker say about the first motor car?23.What was the problem with the early cars in Britain?24.Why did Henry Ford’s Model T cars cost less?25.What do we learn about the Preston bypass?2016年6月大学英语四级真题第二套听力原文Section ANews Report OneYou probably think college students are experts at sleeping, but parties，preparations for tests，personal problems and general stress can rack a student’s sleep habits，which can be bad for the body and the mind. Texas Tech University is even offering a class called Improving Your Sleep Habits. People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from obesity, psychological problems and car crashes. Students who don't get enough sleep have poor attendance and lower grades. On top of all that, a new study published in the Journal Learning &Memory finds you're probably better off sleeping than making last-minute preparations for a test.200 college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games. Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later，butthey did much better after getting a good night’s sleep. So if you really want to do your job well, don't forget to get some sleep.News Report TwoLong queues，delayed flights and overcrowding at airports have become almost as much a topic for conversation in Britain as the traditional complaining about the weather. Meanwhile，there’re complaint that the poor service in London’s major airports is discouraging foreigners from doing business in Britain. Much of the criticism is directed at the British Airports Authority, which runs 7 major airports，including the 3 main ones serving London. The Competition Commission is now to investigate whether the British Airports Authority needs to sell off some of its assets. The idea is that competition between rival operators would lead to better service at airports. The British Airports Authority recently bought by aSpanish company, says the root cause of the problems is not the ownership structure, but a lack of runway and terminal capacity, which is addressing through a program of heavy investment.News Report ThreeUnder the law in Massachusetts, tobacco companies have to measure the nicotine content of every type of cigarette and report the results. The Department of Public Health in Boston gathers and carefully examines the figures，and then draws its conclusions. 116 brands were looked at for the study.82 were found to have higher nicotine yields than they did 6 years previously. The biggest increase tended to be in brands that were popular with young smokers，that worries the Department because of the addictive nature of nicotine .Stanton Glance，a professor of medicine in San Francisco explains why.“The amount of nicotine that’s delivered in every type of cigarettes is 10 percent higher thanit was 6 years ago，which means that it’s easier to get hooked and harder to quit. The big tobacco companies have always insisted that they are frank with their customers about the dangers of smoking and provide them with enough detail to make an informed decision. However，none of them were prepared to comment on this study or discuss the detailed nicotine content of their products.”Section BConversation OneM：And you know, one thing that l want to ask you. It’s great that you have had thisexperience of teaching in Indonesia andfollowing up on what you just mentioned，what would you recommend for studentswho do not live in an English speakingcountry and, you know, they want to learn.I don’t know about perfecting，but theywant at least to be able to communicatedecently. How can they go about this?W：Yeah, it’s really hard. That’s the real struggle because, right now , I do live inHolland but I really don’t socialize muchwith Dutch people and my boyfriend'sEnglish is so good that we just basicallyspeak English all the time. so I have tomake a real effort to practice. There’s asmuch listening exposure as I want--all Ihave to do is turn on the TVM：And reading also. right?W：Yeah, reading. There’s plenty that I can get to read and listen to but for speaking，there really is no substitute for trying to speakand use the language in a relaxedatmosphere. So I think that's really thechallenge for people who live in a countrywhere their target language isn't spoken.And for that, gosh，what would I do if Ididn’t have peo ple here，probably try tofind a club. In Sweden they have a reallycool system called “study Circles”, well, it’snot…it’s like a course. But really, you justhave a course leader who is there, sort of ,as a coach and guide and to help out, andyou don’t get grades, and you go justbecause you want to learn.Conversation TwoW：Okay，Nelson. So we are talking about driving and are there any rules orregulations that you’d like to change?M：I'm not sure I want to change rules, but I’d like the police to be stricter on the rules.Like if people jump traffic lights, I don’tknow why there isn’t a camera at the traffic lights to stop people doing that. Or likespeeding. It’s very easy to put speedcameras in certain places.W：Maybe car manufacturers should have some responsibility in limiting their power oftheir engines. What’s the point inproducing an engine that’s big andpowerful enough to go like 200km/h whenthe speed limit is only 100?M：Right, but do you know there are no speed limits in Germany?W：People there do drive responsibly ,though.Often people break laws simply because thelaws are there. If the law isn’t there，people will drive within their ability range. Whenyou got speed limits，this creates situationsactually present dangers on the road.M：Do you think Germans have better education about personal responsibility when driving? W：Possibly, they also have very good cars. M：Right.W：If you got a good car that can go at a high speed then it’s really nice to do that.M：But still, with care.W：So I think it’s the restriction that creates the dangers sometimes.M：Okay.W：Obviously, when driving through aresidential area or where there’s a scho ol，you’ve got to have speed policemen.M：Speed bumps.W：Yes, speed bumps. Those speed bumps that force you to slow down. I think they’regood ideas.M：So you don't think fining people is useful? W：Not really, because the police don’t have time to police every single driver.Section CPassage OneBehind the cash register at a store in downtown San Francisco，Sam Azar swiped his credit card to pay for a pack of cigarettes. The store's card reader failed to scan the card's magnetic strip. Azar tried again and again. No luck. As customers began to queue，Mr. Azar reached beneath the counter for a black plastic bag. He wrapped one layer of theplastic around the card and tried again. Success! The sale was completed.“I don’t know how it works. It just does，”said M r. Azar who 1earned the trick from another clerk. Verifone，the company that makes the store’s card reader, would not confirm or deny that the plastic bag trick worked. But it’s one of many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures that people without engineering degrees have discovered，often out of desperation，and shared.“ Today's shaky, economy is likely to produce many more such tricks. In postwar Japan，the economy wasn’t doing so great，so you couldn’t get everyday-use items like household cleaners.” says Lisa Katayama，author of Urawaza，a book named after the Japanese term for “clever lifestyle tips and tricks.”So people look for ways to do with what they had. Today, Americans are finding their own tips and tricks for fixing mal-functioning devices with supplies as simple as paper and glue.Some，like Mr. Azar’s plastic bag are open to argument as to how they work，or whether they really work at all. But many tech home remedies can be explained by a little science. Passage TwoIf you are a graduate student，you may depend on your advisor for many things，including help with improving grades，acquiring financial support，forming an examining committee and getting letters of recommendation. If you are a graduate teaching assistant，your advisor also may be your boss. Academic departments vary in their procedures for assigning academic advisors to graduate students. In some departments，either the chairman or the director of graduate studies serves for at least the first semester as a new student advisor. Then the students select an advisor based on shared academic interests. In other departments，a new student is assigned afaculty advisor based on some system of distribution of the department’s advising load .Later, students may have the opportunity of selecting the advisor that they prefer. In any case，new graduate students can learn who their advisors or temporary advisors are by visiting or emailing the departmental office, and asking for the information. Graduation requirements specify the number of credits you must earn，the minimum grade point average you must achieve and the distribution of credits you must have from among different departments or fields of study.In addition，it is necessary to apply for graduation when you near the time that you’11 be completing your graduation requirements. Since graduation requirements vary among divisions of the university, you should consult the Bulletin of Information. You should also direct your questions to your departmental office or academic advisor.Passage ThreeJody Harbert is a diet and nutrition expert who travels around the state to speak in middle and high schools. She primarily speaks to students in health classes，but sometimes the school will arrange for her to speak to several different groups of girls. Her biggest concern is the emphasis American culture places on thinness and the negative ways of this affects girls today. Jody has a Ph.D. in nutrition，but more important，she has personal experience. Her mother taught her to diet when she was only 8 years old. Jody has created several different presentations which she gives to different types of audiences，and she tries to establish an emotional connection with the students so that they will feel comfortable asking questions or talking to her privately. She shows them pictures and images from popular culture of beautiful women and explains how computers are used to make the women lookeven more thin and beautiful man they are in real life. She describes how the definition of beauty has changed over the years and even from culture to culture. She then talks about health issues and the physical damage that can occur as a result of dieting. Finally，she addresses self-respect and the notion that a person’s sense of beauty must include more than how much a person weighs. Sometimes, Jody feels that she succeeds in persuading some students to stop dieting. Other times，she feels that she fails.2016年6月大学英语四级真题第三套听力原文（与第二套相同）。
2016年6月大学英语四级考试.真题_第2套.答案解析+听力文本
2016年6月大学英语四级考试.真题_第2套.答案解析+听力文本2016年6月英语四级考试真题（第2套）答案、解析、听力Section A News ReportDirections：In this section，you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Directions: Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 1A) How college students can improve their sleep habits.B) Why sufficient sleep is important for college students.C) Why college students are more likely to have stress problems.D) How college students can handle their psychological problems.Question 2A) It is not easy to improve one's sleep habits.B) It is not good for students to play video games.C) Students who are better prepared generally get higher scores in examinations.D) Making last-minute preparations for tests may be less effective than sleeping.Directions: Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news reportyou have just heard.Question 3A) Whether more airports should be built around London.B) Whether adequate investment is being made to improve airport facilities.C) Whether the British Airports Authority should sell off some of its assets.D) Whether the Spanish company could offer better service.Question 4A) Inefficient management.B) Poor ownership structure.C) Lack of innovation and competition.D) Lack of runway and terminal capacity.Directions: Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 5A) Report the nicotine content of their cigarettes.B) Set a limit to the production of their cigarettes.C) Take steps to reduce nicotine in their products.D) Study the effects of nicotine on young smokers.Question 6A) The biggest increase in nicotine content tended to be in brands young smokers like.B) Big tobacco companies were frank with their customers about the hazards of smoking.C) Brands which contain higher nicotine content were found to be much more popular.D) Tobacco companies refused to discuss the detailed nicotine content of their products. Question 7A) They promised to reduce the nicotine content in cigarettes.B) They have not fully realized the harmful effect of nicotine.C) They were not prepared to comment on the cigarette study.D) They will pay more attention to the quality of their products.Section B ConversationDirections：In this section，you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. Youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Question 8A) Indonesia.B) Holland.C) Sweden.D) England.Question 9A) Getting a coach who can offer real help.B) Talking with her boyfriend in Dutch.C) Learning a language where it is not spoken.D) Acquiring the necessary ability to socialize.Question 10A) Listening to language programs on the radio.B) Trying to speak it as much as one can.C) Making friends with native speakers.D) Practicing reading aloud as often as possible.Question 11A) It creates an environment for socializing.B) It offers various courses with credit points.C) It trains young people's leadership abilities.D) It provides opportunities for language practice.Directions: Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 12A) The impact of engine design on road safety.B) The role policemen play in traffic safety.C) A sense of freedom driving gives.D) Rules and regulations for driving.Question 13A) Make cars with automatic control.B) Make cars that have better brakes.C) Make cars that are less powerful.D) Make cars with higher standards.Question 14A) They tend to drive responsibly.B) They like to go at high speed.C) They keep within speed limits.D) They follow traffic rules closely.Question 15A) It is a bad idea.B) It is not useful.C) It is as effective as speed bumps.D) It should be combined with education.Section C PassagesDirections：In this section，you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Directions:Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16A) The card got damaged.B) The card was found invalid.C) The card reader failed to do the scanning.D) The card reader broke down unexpectedly.Question 17A) By covering the credit card with a layer of plastic.B) By calling the credit card company for confirmation.C) By seeking help from the card reader maker Verifone.D) By typing the credit card number into the cash register.Question 18A) Affect the sales of high-tech appliances.B) Change the lifestyle of many Americans.C) Give birth to many new technological inventions.D) Produce many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures.Directions: Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 19A) They are set by the dean of the graduate school.B) They are determined by the advising board.C) They leave much room for improvement.D) They vary among different departments.Question 20A) By consulting the examining committee.B) By reading the Bulletin of Information.C) By contacting the departmental office.D) By visiting the university's website.Question 21A) They specify the number of credits students must earn.B) They are harder to meet than those for undergraduates.C) They have to be approved by the examining committee.D) They are the same among various divisions of the university. Directions: Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 22A) Students majoring in nutrition.B) Students in health classes.C) Ph.D. candidates in dieting.D) Middle and high school teachers.Question 23A) Its overestimate of the effect of dieting.B) Its mistaken conception of nutrition.C) Its changing criteria for beauty.D) Its overemphasis on thinness.Question 24A) To illustrate her point that beauty is but skin deep.B) To demonstrate the magic effect of dieting on women.C) To explain how computer images can be misleading.D) To prove that technology has impacted our culture.Question 25A) To persuade girls to stop dieting.B) To promote her own concept of beauty.C) To establish an emotional connection with students.D) To help students rid themselves of bad living habits.Keys：参考答案1. B)Why sufficient sleep is important for college students.2. D)Making last-minute preparations for tests may be less effective than sleeping.3. C)Whether the British Airports Authority should sell off some of its assets.4. D)Lack of runway and terminal capacity.5. A)Report the nicotine content of their cigarettes.6. A)The biggest increase in nicotine content tended to be in brands young smokers like.7. C)They were not prepared to comment on the cigarette study.8. B)Holland.9. C)Learning a language where it is not spoken.10. B)Trying to speak it as much as one can.11. D)It provides opportunities for language practice.12. D)Rules and regulations for driving.13. C)Make cars that are less powerful.14. A)They tend to drive responsibly.15. B)It is not useful.16 C)The card reader failed to do the scanning.17 A)By covering the credit card with a layer of plastic.18 D)Produce many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures.19. D)They vary among different departments.20. C)By contacting the departmental office.21. A)They specify the number of credits students must earn.22 B)Students in health classes.23 D)Its overemphasis on thinness.24 C)To explain how computer images can be misleading.25 A)To persuade girls to stop dieting.大学英语四级考试2016年6月第二套真题听力原文及解析Section ANews Item 1You probably think college students are experts at sleeping, but parties, preparations for tests, personal problems and general stress can rack a student's sleep habits, which can be bad for the body and the mind. Texas Tech University is even offering a class called Improving Your SleepHabits. People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from obesity, psychological problems and car crashes. Students who don't get enough sleep have poor attendance and lower grades. On top of all that, (2)a new study published in the journal Learning and Memory finds you are probably better off sleeping than making last-minute preparations for a test. Two hundred college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games. Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later, (1)but they did much better after getting a good night's sleep. So if you really want to do your job well, don't forget to get some sleep.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.What is the news report mainly about?解析：主旨大意题。
2016年6月四级第三套听力原文及解析
Officials in Thailand found 40 dead tiger cubs at a Buddhist temple accused of animal abuse.一泰国佛堂被控虐待动物，警方在该佛堂发现了40只死亡的老虎幼崽。
The dead cubs were discovered Wednesday in a freezer at the temple, west of Bangkok.死亡幼崽是周三在曼谷西部的这座佛堂的冷藏柜里被发现的。
Authorities found them while removing dozens of mostly full-grown live tigers from the temple grounds.当时警方正将几十只活老虎迁离佛堂，这些老虎大都已成年。
Officials said the cubs appeared to be about a week old.警方称死亡幼崽约有一周大。
It was not known why they were in the freezer, where temple staff kept food.冷藏柜是佛堂员工储存食物的地方，死亡幼崽被放在里面的原因尚未查明。
Monks have been operating an unsanctioned zoo, called Tiger Temple.这里的和尚一直以来在这里经营着名为“老虎庙”的动物园，但该动物园并未得到官方许可。
Tourists paid money to view and take pictures with the tigers and other exotic animals.来这里的游客需要付费才可以和这里的老虎及其他珍惜动物拍照。
Thai authorities plan to file charges against the temple for illegally possessing endangered species.泰国警方已经准备对该佛堂提起诉讼，诉讼理由为非法扣留濒危物种。
6月英语四级听力真题听力篇章
6月英语四级听力真题听力篇章2016年6月英语四级听力真题（听力篇章）转眼2016下半年英语四级考试即将来临，不少同学也正在准备2016下半年英语四级考试，下面yjbys网小编将英语四级考试的历年真题都进行汇总。
以下是2016年6月英语四级听力真题(听力篇章)，提前助大家顺利备考、复习。
Passage One(16-18)The massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority. Some 40% of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. "The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer." says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep. People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.Sleeping better may help fight off illness. "When people are sleep-derived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function." says Doctor Felice, of Northwestern University in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer. So say good nightsooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.Q16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Q17. What do we learn from the talk about today's Americans?Q18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?Passage Two(19-21)Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university. But in the same breath will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is your choice of course. It will depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it is best to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffective generalities and make sure you give concrete examples.Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives. It is not convincing if you say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons, if you are going to be out of breath arriving atthe interview on the second floor.Q19. What is the first decision you should make in preparing to apply for a place at a university?Q20. What is the most important part of the application?Q21. What must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage Three(22-25)It is widely believed that German invented the first car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars had 2 seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, so every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, wind screen, rubble tires and number plates. Henry Ford's Model T introduced in America in 1909 was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the motor car act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935.Today, the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motor way –the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motor way was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same:the prices.Q22. What does the speaker say about the first motor car?Q23. What was the problem with the early cars in Britain?Q24. Why did Henry Ford's Model T cars cost less?Q25. What do we learn about the Preston Bypass?相关文章推荐：1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.。
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2016年6月大学英语四级真题第一套听力原文SectionANews report 1The international labor organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number on unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people leaving on less than 2 dollars per day in the past 3 years. The Director-General of the International Labor Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis. However, he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes 4-5 years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labour Organization is proposing a global job agreement to deal with unemployment.“ It ' s key objective is to place the center of recovery efforts, measures will generate h igher levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.1、What is the news report main about?2、What does Juan Somavia, Director-General of the International Labour Organization say?News Report 2Big fast food chains in New York city have started to obey a first kind of its rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. City Nurses is with New York department of health.“ We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before the y purchase the food and make a decision and informed decision that if they want to make the healthier choice. If they want to eat fewer calories, they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if this has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and high blood pressure. ”The new rules will be introduced as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban on artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serves standardized potion sizes and have fifty or more locations nationwide.Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties of up to 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent sports on their menus, preferably next to the price.3. what are big fast food chains in New York city required to do according to the new rule?4. What will happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule?News Report 3Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today, but not many are able to integrate innovation into their business. A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn ' t mean piles of documents, it ' s something more prlaecstiacyasl. mThaenyarticpeople tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it than that. It 'asn attitude of doing thing. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes.The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture, and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “ Corporate Innovation Fund ”whbicighroefwfearrsds for high-risk ideas. It alsohas a special innovation facility for its employees. Sometimes its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks and spend their time interrupting in the innovation facility instead. In conclusion, the arti cle says innovative ideas alone do not ensure success. It ' s pointless unless ther is repeatable processes in place to turn inspiration into financial performance.5. What is the problem of many companies according to news report?6. What do many people tend to think of the innovation?7. What does the company Procter & Gamble owe its success to?Section BConversation 1M: So, Lenzy, do you like to text message on your cell phone?W:Yeah, I text message a lot.M: I don ' t do it so much, I prefer to make a call if I ' m in a hurry.W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don ' t want to talk to the person, I just want to ask hima question, so it 'msuch easier for me, just text message, if I call them, I have to have a long conversation.M: Yeah, I can see what you mean. But I get off the phone pretty quickly when I call. I ' m nota big talker.W: Yeah, that ' s true, you don ' t talk a lot.M: So are you fast at writing the message with your thumb?W: Well, when I first get a cellphone, I was so slow, I thought I would never text message. But then people kept text messaging me. So I felt obliged to learn how to text message, so now I ' m pretty fast. What about you?M: Actually I have the opposite problem. When I first get my cellphone, I thought it was so cool the to text message all my friends who have one. And I was pretty fast with my thumb then. But it seems like now I don ' t use so much. I got slower actually.W: Yeah, I ' vebeen text messaging actually sort of has to do with your age. For exampl e, people in high school, they text message a lot. But I asked my father if he texted message, and guess what he said?M: What?W: He said he ' d never text message. He thinks it ' s very childish and unprofessional to textmessage.M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It 's considered pretty informal to text message someone.8. what does the man say about himself?9. what does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone?10. why did the men text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone?11. what does the woman ' s father think of the text massage?Conversation 2W: Good morning, Mr. Johnson, how can I help you?M: well, I ' d like to talk to you about Team Barn, the department manager.W: What seems to be the problem?M: Well, ever since Sandra left the department, I feel like I ' vebeen targeted to do all her work as well as mine. I ' m expected to attend many meetings. And I seem to be spending a lot of time doing unnecessary paper work.W: I ' m sorry to hear that.M: And on top of that, I ' ve specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I ' lot of overtime during the week. But that afternoon, even though I ' d finished my assigned work, was told to help other colleagues finish their work, too.W: But surely tha t ' s a positive sign showing that Mr. Bond has a lot of trust in you.M: Yeah, but other colleague gets leave early, and they don ' t have such a lot of work to do.W: So you feel he ' s making unrealistic demands on you?M: Yes, absolutely.W: Have you approached Mr. Bond about this particular problem?M: I ' ve tried, but it seems like he just has no time for me.W: Well, at this stage, it would be better to approach him directly. If nothing else showing that you ' ve tried to solve the problem yourself before you take it further, makes it clear you not a complainer. Why don ' t you send him an email requesting a meeting with him in private?M: Hmm, I feel a bit worried about his reaction. But, anyway I ' ll send him an email request ameeting, and I ' ll see what happens from there. Thanks for your advice.W: Good luck. And let us know the outcome.12. what do we know about the man from the conversation?13. what is the man ' s chief complaint?14. How was the women interpret the fact that the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work?15. what did the women advise the man to do?Section CPassage 1The massive decline in sleep happens so slowly and quietly that feel seems trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is the top priority. Some 40% of the Americans get less than 7 hours of shut- eye on week nights. “ The link between sleep and health,and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer. Lawrence A”lbesrasytsaine, a sleepexpert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels high during sleep. People who sleep less and have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.Sleeping better may help fight of illnesses. “ whenpeople sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stresshormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function. s ”ays Doctor Felice of Northwestern university inChicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer. So say goodnight sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a right old age.16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?17. What do we learn from the talk about today 's Americans?18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?Passage 2Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when apply for a place in university, but in the same breath, they will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is your choice of course, it would depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is yourchance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omitdull and ineffective generalities, and make sure you give the concrete examples.Admission officers will read every personal statement that arrives. It say you have chosen asubject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.19. what is the first decision you should make in preparing to apply for a place at a university?20. what is the most important part of the application?21. what must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage 3It is usually agreed that a German Carl Benz built the first motor car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the Royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars have two seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, So even driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, with screen, rubber tyres and number plates. Henry Ford 's Model T introdnucAemd ei rica in 1909, which cheaper because itwas made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the Motor Car Act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935.Today, the legal driving age of car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motorway —the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motorway was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with exciteme nt and optimism. Service stati ons came with the motorway and the lege nd oftransport cafe was born. Of c ourse, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it En glish-cooked breakfast or coffee and a san dwich, one thing has rema ined the same: the prices.22. What does the speaker say about the first motor car?23. What was the problem with the early cars in Brita in?s better to su s not convincing if24. Why did Henry Ford ' s Model T cars cost less?25. What do we lear n about the Prest on bypass?2016年6月大学英语四级真题第二套听力原文Section ANews Report OneYou probably think college students are experts at sleeping, but parties , preparations for tests, personal problems and general stress can rack a student ' s sleep h,abit3ich can be bad for the body and the mi nd. Texas Tech Un iversity is eve n offeri ng a class called Improvi ng Your Sleep Habits. People sufferi ng from sleep loss are at an in creased risk from obesity, psychological problems and car crashes. Stude nts who don't get eno ugh sleep have poor atte ndance and lower grades. On top of all that, a new study published in the Journal Learning &Memory finds you're probably better off sleep ing tha n making last- minute preparatio ns for a test.200 college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games. Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later , but they did much better after getting a good night ' s sleep. So if you really want to do your job well, don't forget to get some sleep.News Report TwoLong queues, delayed flights and overcrowding at airports have become almost as much a topic for con versati on in Brita in as the traditi onal complai ning about the weather. Mea nwhile , there ' re complaint that the poor service in London ' s major airports is discouraging foreignersfrom doing bus in ess in Brita in. Much of the criticism is directed at the British Airports Authority, which runs 7 major airports , including the 3 main ones serving London. The Competition Commissi on is now to in vestigate whether the British Airports Authority n eeds to sell off some of its assets. The idea is that competition between rival operators would lead to better service at airports. The British Airports Authority recently bought by a Spanish company, says the root cause of the problems is not the own ership structure, but a lack of run way and term inal capacity, which is address ing through a program of heavy in vestme nt.News Report ThreeUn der the law in Massachusetts, tobacco compa nies have to measure the ni coti ne content of every type of cigarette and report the results. The Departme nt of Public Health in Bost on gathersand carefully examines the figures , and then draws its conclusions. 116 brands were looked at forthe study.82 were found to have higher nicotine yields than they did 6 years previously. The biggest in crease ten ded to be in brands that were popular with young smokers , that worries the Department because of the addictive nature of nicotine .Stanton Glance , a professor of medicine in San Fran cisco expla ins why. “ The amount of ni coti ne that ' s delivered in every type of cigarettes is10 percent higher than it was 6 years ago, which means that it ' s easier to get hooked and harder to quit. The bigtobacco compa nies have always in sisted that they are frank with their customers about the dan gers of smok ing and provide them with eno ugh detail to make an in formed decisi on.However, none of them were prepared to comme nt on this study or discuss the detailed ni cot ine content of their products. ”Section BConversation OneM : And you know, one thing that l want to ask you. It ' s great that you havednad this experie teachi ng in Indon esia and follow ing up on what you just men ti oned , what would you recomme nd for stude nts who do not live in an En glish speak ing country and, you know, they want to learn. I don ' t know aboutperfebtinghey want at least to be able tocom mun icate dece ntly. How can they go about this?W: Yeah, it ' s really hard. That ' s the real struggle because, right now , I do live in Holla nd but I really don ' t socialize much with Dutch people and my boyfriend's English is so good that we just basically speak En glish all the time. so I have to make a real effort to practice. There much liste ning exposure as I wan t--all I have to do is tur n on the TVM : And reading also. right?W: Yeah, reading. There ' s plenty that I can get to read and listetnfto bpeaking , there reallyis no substitute for trying to speak and use the Ian guage in a relaxed atmosphere. So I think that's really thechallenge for people who live in a country where their target Ianguage isn't spoken. And for that, gosh , what would I do if I didn ' t have peoplprlobably try to find a club. In Sweden they have a really cool system called studyCircles ” , well, it ' s not …it ' slike a course. But really, you just have a course leader who is there, sort of , as a coach and guide and to help out, and you don ' t get grades, and you go just because you want to learn.Conversation TwoW: Okay, Nels on. So we are talki ng about drivi ng and are there any rules or regulati ons that you like to cha nge?M : rm not sure I want to change rules, b ut I ' d like the police to be stricter on the rules. Like if people jump traffic lights,I don ' t know why there isn ' t a camera at the traffic lights to stoppeople doing that. Or like speeding. It ' s very easy to put speed cameras in certain places.W: Maybe car manufacturers should have some responsibility in limiting their power of theirengin es. What ' s the point in produci ng an engine that ' s big and powerful eno ugh to go like 200km/h when the speed limit is only 100?M : Right, but do you know there are no speed limits in Germany?W: People there do drive responsibly ‘though. Often people break laws simply because the laws are there. If the law isn, pbopthewa^l drive within their ability range. When you gotspeed limits, this creates situati ons actually prese nt dan gers on the road.M : Do you think Germa ns have better educati on about pers onal resp on sibility whe n driv ing?W: Possibly, they also have very good cars.M : Right.W: If you got a good car that can go at a high speed then it ' s really nice to do that.M : But still, with care.W: So I think it ' s the restrict ion that creates the dan gers sometimes.M : Okay.W: Obviously, when driving through a residential area or where there , you ' ve' gotaoschool have speed policeme n.M : Speed bumps.W: Yes, speed bumps. Those speed bumps that force you to slow down. I think they ' re good ideas.M : So you don't think fining people is useful?W: Not really, because the police don ' t have time to police every single driver.Section CPassage OneBeh ind the cash register at a store in dow ntow n San Fran cisco , Sam Azar swiped his credit card to pay for a pack of cigarettes. The store's card reader failed to sca n the card's magn etic strip. Azar tried again and again. No luck. As customers began to queue , Mr. Azar reached ben eath the coun ter for a black plastic bag. He wrapped one layer of the plastic around the card and tried again. Success! The sale was completed. "I don ' t know how itwosJasd It just doesMr. Azar who 1earned the trick from another clerk. Verifone , the company that makes thestore ' s card reader, would not con firm or deny that the plastic bag trick worked. But it many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures that people without engin eeri ng degrees have discovered , often out of desperation , and shared.“ Today's shekyjnomy is likely to producemany more such tricks. In postwar Japan , the economy wasn ' t doing so greao you couldnget everyday- use items like household cleaners. ” says Lisaauateyaafia Urawaza , abook n amed after the Japa nese term for “ clever lifestyle tips and tricks.So people look - ways to do with what they had. Today, America ns are finding their own tips and tricks for fixing mal-functioning devices with supplies as simple as paper and glue. Some , like Mr. Azarplastic bag are open to argument as to how they work , or whether they really work at all. Butmany tech home remedies can be expla ined by a little scie nee.Passage TwoIf you are a graduate student, you may depend on your advisor for many things , including help with improving grades , acquiring financial support , forming an examining committee and getting letters of recommendation. If you are a graduate teaching assistant , your advisor alsomay be your boss. Academic departme nts vary in their procedures for assig ning academicadvisors to graduate stude nts. In some departme nts , either the chairma n or the director of graduate studies serves for at least the first semester as a new student advisor. Then the students select an advisor based on shared academic interests. In other departments, a new stude nt is assig ned a faculty advisor based on some system of distributi on of the departme nt advis ing load .Later, stude nts may have the opport unity of select ing the advisor that they prefer. In any case, new graduate students can learn who their advisors or temporary advisors are by visit ing or emaili ng the departme ntal office, and ask ing for the in formati on. Graduati on requirements specify the number of credits you must earn , theminimum grade point average you must achieve and the distributi on of credits you must have from among differe nt departments or fields of study.In addition , it is necessary to apply for graduation when you near the time that you ' 11 be compoutrngraduati on requireme nts. Since graduati on requireme nts vary among divisi ons of the uni versity, you should con sult the Bulleti n of In formati on. You should also direct your questi ons to your departme ntal office or academic advisor.Passage ThreeJody Harbert is a diet and nutrition expert who travels around the state to speak in middle and high schools. She primarily speaks to students in health classes , but sometimes the school will arrange for her to speak to several differe nt groups of girls. Her biggest concern is the emphasis America n culture places on thinn ess and the n egative ways of this affects girls today. Jody has a Ph.D. in nutrition , but more important, she has personal experienee. Her mother taught her to diet whe n she was only 8 years old. Jody has created several differe nt presentations which she gives to different types of audiences , and she tries to establish an emoti onal connection with the stude nts so that they will feel comfortable ask ing questi ons or talking to her privately. She shows them pictures and images from popular culture of beautiful wome n and expla ins how computers are used to make the wome n look even more thin and beautiful man they are in real life. She describes how the definition of beauty has changed overthe years and eve n from culture to culture. She the n talks about health issues and the physicaldamage that can occur as a result of diet ing. Fin ally , she addresses self-respect and the no ti onthat a pers on's sense of beauty must include more than how much a person weghsetimes.Jody feels that she succeeds in persuading some students to stop dieting. Other times, she feels that she fails.2016年6月大学英语四级真题第三套听力原文（与第二套相同）。