江苏大学研究生考试试题
江苏大学生物化学考研真题与答案
2018大纲简答题：1．有时候别构酶的活性可以被低浓度的竞争性抑制剂激活，请解释原因。
底物与别构酶的结合,可以促进随后的底物分子与酶的结合,同样竞争性抑制剂与酶的底物结合位点结合,也可以促进底物分子与酶的其它亚基的进一步结合,因此低浓度的抑制剂可以激活某些别构酶。
2. 什么是DNA的半保留复制与半不连续复制？1）DNA 的半保留复制：DNA 在复制时首先两条链之间的氢键断裂两条链分开，然后以每一条链分别做模板各自合成一条新的DNA 链，这样新合成的子代DNA 分子中一条链来自亲代DNA，另一条链是新合成的2）DNA 的半不连续复制：DNA 的双螺旋结构中的两条链是反向平行的，当复制开始解链时，亲代DNA 分子中一条母链的方向为5＇→3＇，另一条母链的方向为3＇→5＇。
DNA 聚合酶只能催化5＇→3＇合成方向。
在以3＇→5＇方向的母链为模板时，复制合成出一条5＇→3＇方向的前导链，前导链的前进方向与复制叉的行进方向一致，前导链的合成是连续进行的。
而另一条母链仍以3＇→5＇方向作为模板，复制合成一条5＇→3＇方向的随从链，因此随从链合成方向是与复制叉的行进方向相反的。
随从链的合成是不连续进行，先合成许多片段，即冈崎片段。
最后各段再连接成为一条长链。
由于前导链的合成连续进行，而随从链的合成是不连续进行的，所以从总体上看DNA 的复制是半不连续复制。
问答题1．试述真核生物转录后的加工。
①5′端加帽转录产物的5′端通常要装上甲基化的帽子；有的转录产物5′端有多余的顺序，则需切除后再装上帽子。
②3′端加poly（A）尾巴转录产物的3′端通常由poly（A）聚合酶催化加上一段多聚A；有的转录产物的3′端有多余顺序，则需切除后再加上尾巴。
装5′端帽子和3′端尾巴均可能在剪接之前就已完成。
③修饰内部甲基化，主要是在腺嘌呤A6 位点上进行甲基的转移，产生6N-甲基腺嘌呤。
④剪接将mRNA 前体上的居间顺序切除，再将被隔开的蛋白质编码区连接起来。
江苏大学研究生学位英语真题
EST 1Part I Listening ComprehensionSection 1, Conversation (10 minutes, 10 points)Section 2, Passages (10 minutes, 10 points)Part II: Cloze Test (10 minutes, 15 points)Scientists who study the Earth's climate are convinced that volcano eruptions have a significant effect on general weather patterns. In fact, one of the many (36) which attempt to explain how an ice age begins holds that the (37) is a dramatic increase in volcanic eruptions. The volcanic explosions, besides causing local thunderstorms and lightning, inject great amounts of gas and (38)_into the stratosphere (同温层). At this (39)，the volcanic material spreads all the way around the Earth. This volcanic material (40) a certain amount of sunlight and (41) some back into space. The net result is to (42) the planet's surface. For instance, 43 was perhaps the largest eruption occurred in 1883 when the Indonesia volcano Krakatoa exploded. The following year was (44) in Europe as the "year without summer" because the (45) was so cool and rainy.While there is (46) scientific agreement that volcanic eruption can lead to cooling, (47) of how this happens are not clear. As a result, scientists cannot (48) whether the volcanic activity which (49) past ice ages would result (50) sufficient cooling to cause a glacial period. Similarly, it is not possible for scientists to predict the climate effect of a future volcanic eruption with any confidence.36. A. theories B. inventions C. judgments D. discoveries37. A. cause B. course C. means D. case38. A. petroleum B. ash C. flame D. garbage39. A. relation B. instance C. moment D. altitude40. A. scatters B. releases C. constitutes D. absorbs41. A. carries B. converts C. reflects D. gathers42. A. cool B. warm C. freeze D. heat43. A. such B. what C. there D. that44. A. known B. reported C. marked D. testified45. A. air B. temperature C. sky D. weather46. A. committed B. optimistic C. general D. absolute47. A. indexes B. predictions C. details D. decisions48. A. analyze B. determine C. assure D. assume49. A. confronted B. promoted C. proceed D. preceded50. A. in B. from C. to D. withPart I ReadingPassage OneWe use emotive language to express our own attitudes and feelings. We also direct emotive language at other people to persuade them to believe as we do or to do as we want them to do; and, of course, other people direct emotive language at us to get us to believe or to do what they want.We are subjected to a constant stream of persuasion day in, day out, at home and in school, on the radio and on television. It comes from parents and teachers, from preachers and politicians, from editors and commentators, but, most of all, of course, from advertisers. Most of this persuasion is expressed in emotive language and is intended to appeal to our feelings rather than to be weighed up by our powers of reasoning.We should look at the motives behind all this persuasion. Why do they want to persuade us? What do they want us to do? We are not thinking very clearly unless we try to see through the veil of words and realize something of the speaker's purpose.An appeal to emotion is in itself neither good or bad. Our emotions exist and they are part of our personality. On some occasions people appeal to our emotions on the highest levels and from the best of motives. A case in point is Churchill's wartime speeches: whatever people thought of Churchill as a politician, they were united behind him when he spoke as national leader in those dark days --- their feelings responded to his call for resolution and unity.It is a characteristic of social groups that the members have a feeling of personal attachment to the group --- to the family in earliest childhood and extending later to the school, the team, the church, the nation, in patterns that vary from time to time. Hence a speaker from our group will find in us feelings to which he can readily and genuinely appeal, whether our reaction is favorable or not. We are at least open to the appeal and we appreciate the context in which it is made.1. The major functions of emotive language discussed in the passage are to - .A. extend our powers of reasoning and carry out a purposeB. advertise and produce the wanted social effectsC. show one's feelings and appeal to those of othersD. make others believe in us and respond to our feelings2. It is suggested in the third paragraph of this passage that we - .A should keep a cool head when subjected to persuasion of various kindsB need to judge whether a persuasion is made for good or badC. have to carefully use our emotive languageD. should avoid being easily seen through by an appeal from others3. The source from which emotive language flows upon us in its greatest amount is - .A. the mass mediaB. the educational institutionsC. the religious circlesD. the advertising business4. Churchill is mentioned in the passage as -'A. an example of how people weighed up persuasion with reasoningB. a national leader who brought out people's best feelingsC. a positive example of appealing to people's motionD. a politician who has been known as a good speaker5. What is NOT mentioned as relevant to our emotions in this passage?A. Social contextB. Personal experienceC. The personality of national leadersD. Religious belief6. It can be inferred from the passage that a persuasive speaker must .A. find out what group his audience is attached toB. vary his speech patterns from time to timeC. know how to adapt his way of speaking to the needs of the audienceD. be aware whether the listeners are favorable to his opinion or notPassage TwoAs goods and services improved, people were persuaded to spend their money on changing from old to new, and found the change worth the expenses. When an airline equipped itself with jets, for example, its costs ( and therefore air fare) would go up, but the new planes meant such an improvement that the higher cost was justified. A new car ( or wireless, washing machine, electric kettle) made life so much more comfortable than the old one that the high cost of replacement was fully repaid. Manufacturers still cry their wares as persuasively as ever, but are the improvements really worth paying for? In many fields things have now reached such a high standard of performance that further progress is very limited and very expensive. Airlines, for example, go to enormous expense in buying the latest prestige jets, in which vast research costs have been spent on relatively small improvements. If we scrap these vast costs we might lose the chance of cutting minutes away from flying times, but wouldn't it be better to see air fares drop dramatically, as capital costs become relatively insignificant? Again, in the context of a 70mph limit, with platoons of cars traveling so densely as to control each other's speeds, improvements in performance are virtually irrelevant; improvements in handling are unnecessary, as most production cars grip the road perfectly; and comfort has now reached a very high level indeed. Small improvements here are unlikely to be worth the thousands that anybody replacing an ordinary family car every two years may ultimately have spent on them. Let us instead have cars --- or wireless, electric kettles, washing machines, television sets --- which are made to last, and not to be replaced. Significant progress is obviously a good thing; but the insignificant progression from model-change to model-change is not.7. The author obviously is challenging the social norm that - .A. it is. important to improve goods and servicesB. development of technology makes our life more comfortableC. it is reasonable that prices are going up all the timeD. slightly modified new products are worth buying8. According to this passage, air fares may rise because -'A people tend to travel by new airplanesB. the airplane has been improvedC. the change is found to be reasonableD. the service on the airplane is better than before9. According to the author, passengers would be happier if they -'A. could fly in the latest model of reputable planesB. could get tickets at much lower pricesC. see the airlines make vital changes in their servicesD. could spend less time flying in the air10. When manufacturers have improved the performance of their products to a certain level, thenit would be_. .A. justified for them to cut the priceB. unnecessary for them to make any new changesC. difficult and costly to further better themD. insignificant for them to cut down the research costs11. In the case of cars, the author urges that we - .A. cancel the speed limitB. further improve the performanceC. improve the durabilityD. change models every two years12. The author's criticism is probably based on the fact that - .A. we have been persuaded to live an extravagant life todayB. many products we buy turn out to be substandard or inferiorC. inflation is becoming a big problem in the world todayD. people are wasting their money on trivial technological progressPassage ThreeRecent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women's market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupations --- service and clerical --- that pay less than traditional male jobs. It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round, lifetime career or job for many reasons There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs. Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work, but it also serves to keep them from top management positions.Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child-bearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities. The ages of25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security. These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman's income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband's.13.According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap, -'A. there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near futureB. working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near futureC. women's pay will still stay at a level below that of men in the near futureD. salaries for males and females in the same occupation will be equal in the near future14. Women are kept from top management positions partly because they - .A. decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twentiesB. are inclined to rank family second to workC. tend to have more quarrels with their employersD. still take an incorrect attitude towards themselves15. Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women's concentration in certainoccupations?A. Social division of labor.B. Social prejudice against themC. Employment laws.D. Physiological weakness.16. The word" forgo" in Paragraph 2 could be best replaced by - .A. give upB. drop outC. throwawayD. cut out17. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that - .A. men's jobs are subject to changeB. women tend to be employed off and on at the same jobC. men' chances of promotion are minimalD. women used to be employed all the year round18. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Women's market skills have improved greatly.B. Child care is still chiefly women's workC. Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs.D. Domestic duties no longer conflict with women's jobs.Passage FourIt seems that the life of a television reporter is fantastically admired by many people. But this is only one side of the coin. First, he never goes deeply into anyone subject --- he may be expert at mastering a brief in a short time and "getting up" a subject, but a week later he is on to the next subject, and a week later still he is on to the subject after that. He seldom grasps with a full-scale investigation anyone thing. He has to be able to forget what he was working on a few weeks before, otherwise his mind would become messed up.Second, a reporter does not have anything lasting to show for what he does --- there is no shelf of books, no studio full of paintings. He pours his life into something which flickers in shadows across a screen and is gone forever. I have seen people in many television jobs turn at the end of watching one of their own programs and say something like: " Well, that's all those days/weeks/months of work. Travel and worry sunk without trace." As a way of life it comes to seem like blowing bubbles --- entertaining to do, and the bubbles numerous and pretty to look at, and all different, but all disappearing into thin air.Third, the pace of life is too fast. Not only is it destructive of one's private life, one does not even have time togive proper consideration to the things one is professionally concerned with --not enough time to think, not enough time to read, not enough time to write one's commentary, prepare one's interviews and so on. When one disengages from it and allows one's perceptions, thinking, reading and the rest to proceed at their natural pace one gets an altogether unfamiliar sense of solidarity and well-being.Fourth, the reporter is at the mercy of events. A revolution breaks out in Cuba so he is off there on the next plane. Somebody shoots President Reagan so he drops everything he is doing and flies to Washington. He is like a puppet pulled by strings --- the strings of the world's affairs. He is not motivated from within. He does not decide for himself what he would like to do, where he would like to go, what he would like to work on. He is activated from without, and his whole life becomes a kind of reflex action, a series of high-pressure responses to external stimuli. He has ceased to exist as an independent personality.19.A TV reporter never makes an in-depth study of a subject because -'A. he usually gets one side of the pictureB. the subjects that he has to attend to often switch from one to anotherC. he does not know how to develop it to its full scaleD. that is the life that suits him20. A. it is implied but not stated that many people - .A. know nothing about the work of a TV repor1erB. think the life of a TV reporter dull and boringC. have a biased opinion against the job of a TV reporterD. tend to underestimate the hard part of being a TV reporter21 TV reporting, according to this passage, is something_______.A. profitable for a person to take upB. interesting to do but quick to fade outC. causing a person to forget his previous workD. producing a lasting effect22.A TV reporter is in most need of - .A. being a master of his timeB. proper consideration of his professionC. a comfortable life of his ownD. disengaging himself from work23. The activities of a TV reporter are largely geared to - .A. his motivationB. his working styleC. current affairsD. reflex to pressures24. The title of this passage would best be given as - .A. What a TV Reporter Can and Cannot AccomplishB. The Sorrows of TV ProfessionalsC. The Confession of a TV ReporterD. The Drawbacks in the Life of a TV ReporterPaper TwoPart IV Reading and Answering Questions (25 minutes, 10 points)The conflict between what in its present mood the public expects science to achieve in satisfaction of popular hopes and what is really in its power is a serious matter because. even if the true scientists should all recognize the limitations of what they can do in the field of human affairs, so long as the public expects more there will always be some who will pretend, and perhaps honestly believe, that they can do more to meet popular demands than is really in their power. It is often difficult enough for the expert, and ce11ainly in many instances impossible for the layman, to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate claims advanced in the name of science. The enormous publicity recently given by the media to a report pronouncing in the name of science of The Limits to Growth, and the silence of the same media about the devastating criticism this report has received from the competent experts, must make one feel somewhat apprehensive about the use to which the prestige of science can be put. But it is by no means only in the field of economics that far-reaching claims are made on behalf of a more scientific direction of all human activities and the desirability of replacing spontaneous processes by "conscious human control".If I am not mistaken, psychology, psychiatry and some branches of sociology, not to speak about the so-called philosophy of history, are even more affected by what I have called the scientistic prejudice, and by specious claims of what science can achieve.Questions :What is the main thought of the passage? What should be our correct attitude towards science?回答该项问题一般要注意，第一问主要是结合文章回答问题，可以或多或少的引用文中内容回答，第二问主要是考察我们研究生对某个现象的认识。
江苏大学研究生入学考试复试练习题西方经济学模拟题及答案三
西方经济学模拟试题（三）一、填空题（每空1 分，共10 分）1．是否以一定的____________为依据，是实证方法与规范方法的重要区别之一。
2．基数效用论采用的是_____________分析法，序数效用论采用的是_____________分析法。
3．当边际产量为零时，_____________达到最大。
4．垄断企业对卖给不同消费者的同样产品确定相同的价格，这种定价策略称为_____________。
5．国内生产总值扣除折旧之后的产值是_____________。
6．粘性价格理论是指短期中价格的调整_____________物品市场供求关系的变化。
7．消费函数图中的45°线表示在这条线上任何一点都是_____________8．银行创造货币就是银行通过_____________使流通中的货币量增加。
9．需求管理是通过调节_____________来达到一定的政策目标的宏观经济政策工具。
二、单项选择题（每小题2分，共30分）1．微观经济学的中心是（）。
A．价值理论B．价格理论C．生产理论D．分配理论2．如果其他各种条件保持不变，当X商品的互补品Y商品的价格上升时，对X商品的需求（）。
A．增加B．减少C．不变D．无法确定3．价格在经济中的作用是（）。
A．决定收入分配B．传达信息C．提供刺激D．以上都对4．已经X商品的价格为5元，Y商品的价格为2元。
如果消费者从这两种商品的消费中得到最大效用时，商品Y的边际效用为30，那么，此时X商品的边际效用为（）。
A．60 B．45 C．150 D．755．等产量曲线向右上方移动表明（）。
A．成本增加B．产量增加C．产量不变D．技术水平提高6．经济学分析中所说的长期是指（）。
A．全部生产要素均可随产量进行调整的时期B．1年以上C．只能根据产量调整部分生产要素的时期D．10年以上7．完全竞争市场上的企业之所以是价格接受者，是因为（）。
A．它对价格有较大程度的控制B．它生产了所在行业绝大部分产品C．它的产量只占行业的全部产量的一个很小的份额D．该行业只有很少数量的企业8．在寡头市场上，价格领袖制是指（）。
江苏大学考研真题—江苏大学硕士研究生入学考试_金属学(附答案)
千里之行，始于足下。
第 1 页/共 5 页2023年年江苏大学硕士研究生入学考试 -金属学(附答案)一 名词解释（每题3分，共24分）1 滑移系2 临界过冷度3 再结晶织构4 平衡分配系数5 柯肯达尔效应6 衔接线7 不全位错8 柏氏矢量二 Al —Cu 相图的局部如图2-1所示。
1 分析5.6%Cu 合金和5.7%Cu 合金在平衡凝结和迅速冷却不平衡结晶时室温组织特点。
（ 6分）2 图中的α相为何种晶体结构？（ 3分）3计算亚共晶合金在温度为T E （共晶反应前）时的平衡分配系数（ 5分） 4 画出T=560℃温度时各相的自由能—成分曲线暗示图。
（ 5分）图2-1 第二题图三 图3-1为一连铸坯低倍组织照片，说明各晶区的名称及成因；若想得到更多的等轴晶粒，可采用哪些主意或措施？（15分）591朽木易折，金石可镂。
图3-1 第三题图四蔓延的微观机制有哪些？普通情况下哪种机制蔓延速度快，为什么？一个经凝结而有微观非平衡偏析的合金，生产中常采用什么主意使合金匀称化？描述该过程应用哪种蔓延第二定律的解？（15分）五按照Fe- FeC相图，计算含0.4%C的亚共析钢在室温平衡组织中铁素体与渗3碳体的相对分量，以及先共析铁素体和珠光体的相对分量，画出室温下的组织图（标明组织）。
（17分）六、试分析冷塑性变形对合金组织结构、力学性能、物理化学性能、体系能量的影响。
（20分）七、阐述堆垛层错与不全位错的关系，指出FCC结构中常产生的不全位错的名称、柏氏矢量和它们各自的特点。
（20分）八、对图8-1所示Fe-Cr-C三元相图的变温截面，写出图中合金Fe-13%Cr-0.2%C的平衡结晶过程，比较其室温组织与Fe-0.2%C合金室温组织的区别。
（10分）千里之行，始于足下。
第 3 页/共 5 页图8-1 第八题图九、简述再结晶与二次再结晶的驱动力，并如何区别冷、热加工？动态再结晶与静态再结晶后的组织结构的主要区别是什么？（10分）参考答案一、 名词解释1滑移系：把一个滑移面和此面上的一个滑移方向组合称为滑移系。
江苏大学研究生考试试题
共4页江苏大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试试题第1页考试科目：分析化学考生注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题及草稿纸上无效！、选择题(40 分)1、( 2分)下列各数中，有效数字位数为四位的是(A) 3 (CaO)=25.30% (B) [H +]=0.0235mol/L(D) 4200Kg络合滴定中，当被测离子 M 浓度为干扰离子 N 浓度10倍时，欲用控制酸度方法TE < ±).1%、△ pM=± 0.2 贝U IgK(MY)-IgK(NY) 应大于碱)的是机密★启用前(C) pH=10.46 2、( 2 分)(A) 5 (B) 63、 (2 分) Ox-Red 电对，25 C 时条件电位((C) 7 E 。
)等于(D) 8(A) E o(C) E o0.059 a °x ------- l g —naRedOx a Ox (D) E o °05% nRedaRed(B) E °a Ox0.059 lg naRed0.059 I Ox a Red ------- lg -------------- n Re d a Ox4、 (2分)将甲基橙指示剂加到一无色水溶液中,溶液呈黄色，该溶液的酸碱性为( 5、 6、 (A)中性(B)碱性(C)酸性(D)不定(2 分)反应 2A + + 3B 4+* 2A 4+ + 3B 2+(A) ( E A O + E B O )/2(B) (2 E A O +3E B O )/5(2分)以下物质必须采用间接法配制溶液的是到达化学计量点时电位值是( (C) (3E A O +2E B °)/5(D) 6(E A O -E B °)/0.0597、 (A) K 262O 7(B) W2S 2O 3 (2分)以下浓度均为 0.1mol L -1 (C)Z n 的各混合酸(或碱) (D)H 2C 2O 4 2H 2O中，能准确滴定其中强酸(或强滴定，要求 (A) HCl + 一氯乙酸(pK a =2.86)(B) HCl +HAc (pK a =4.74)(C) HCl + NH 4CI (pK a =9.26)(D) NaOH + NH8、( 2分)符合朗伯 -比耳定律的有色溶液，当有色物质的浓度增加时，最大吸收波长和吸 光度分别是 (A) 不变，增加 (B) 不变，减小 (C) 增加，不变(D) 减小，不变9、( 2分)用铈量法测定铁时，滴定至 50%时电位是 (A) 0.68V10、( 2分)用50ml 滴定管滴定时下列记录正确的是(B) 1.44V(C)1.06V(D)0.86V黑T 为指示剂，用EDTA 滴定，此时滴定的是(A) Mg 2+量(C) Ca 2+、Mg 2 + 总量19、( 2分)若两电对的电子转移数都为 1，为使反应完全程度达到99.9%，两电对的条件电位至少应大于(A) 0.09v(B) 0.35v(C) 0.24v(D) 0.27v20、( 2分)用0.1 mol L -1 NaOH 溶液滴定0.1 mol L -1 pK a =4.50弱酸，计量点时溶液显 ()(A) 24ml (B) 24.0ml (C) 24.002ml 11、( 2分)强碱滴定弱酸，以下指示剂适用的是(D) 24.00ml(A)甲基橙(B)甲基红(C)酚酞(D)溴酚蓝(pK Hin =4.1) 12、( 2分)EDTA 滴定金属离子，准确滴定(TE<0.1% )的条件是(A) lgK MY > 6.0 (B) lgK (C) lg c K MY > 6.0(D) lg c13、( 2分)莫尔法测定 Cl -含量时，要求介质的 MY >6.0K M Y > 6.0pH 在6.5~10.0范围内，若酸度过高，则(A) AgCl 沉淀不完全 (B) AgCl 吸附Cl -增强 (C) Ag 2CrO 4沉淀不易形成(D) AgCl 沉淀易胶溶14、( 2 分)用 0.1 mol L -1 NaOH 滴定mol L -1 NaOH 溶液滴定0.1 mol L -1强酸的突跃范围为 4.3~9.7，如用 1 mol L -1强酸的突跃范围是(B) 3.3~9.7 (C) 3.3~10.7 (A) 5.3~9.7 15、( 2分)用EDTA 直接滴定有色金属离子，终点所呈现的颜色是(D) 5.3~10.7(A)指示剂-金属离子络合物的颜色 (B)游离指示剂的颜色 (C)EDTA-金属离子络合物的颜色 (D)上述B 与C 的混合颜色 16、( 2分)某试液用2cm 比色皿测量时,T=60%，若改用1cm 比色皿，测得吸光度等于(A) 0.11 (B) 0.22 (C) 0.33 (D) 0.4417、 (2分)在吸光光度法中，宜选用吸光度读数范围(A) 0.1~0.3(B) 0.2~0.8 (C) 0.1~1.2 18、( 2分)某溶液含 Ca 2+、Mg 2+及少量的Al 3+、Fe 3+,(D) 1.0~2.0.今加入三乙醇胺，调pH=10, 以铬(B) Ca 2+量(D) Ca 2+、Mg 2 +、Al 3+、Fe 3+ 总量（A）酸性（B）强碱性（C）弱碱性（D）中性第3页二、填空题（50分）1、（4分）在下列物质中：N H4CI pK b（NH 3）=4.74;苯酚pK a=9.96; NaAc pK a（HAc）=4.74; Na2CO 3 H2CO3 的pK a1=6.38，pK a2=10.25; HCOOH pK a=3.74。
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共4页江苏大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试试题第1页考试科目：分析化学考生注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题及草稿纸上无效！、选择题(40 分)1、( 2分)下列各数中，有效数字位数为四位的是(A) 3 (CaO)=25.30% (B) [H +]=0.0235mol/L(D) 4200Kg络合滴定中，当被测离子 M 浓度为干扰离子 N 浓度10倍时，欲用控制酸度方法TE < ±).1%、△ pM=± 0.2 贝U IgK(MY)-IgK(NY) 应大于(A) K 262O 7 (B) W2S 2O 3 (2分)以下浓度均为 0.1mol L -1(D)H 2C 2O 4 2H 2O中，能准确滴定其中强酸(或强碱)的是3、 4、5、 6、 (A)5 (2 分) (A) E o (C) E o (B) 6Ox-Red 电对，25 C 时条件电位( 0.059 a °x ---- lg —na Red Ox a Ox(D) E o°05%nReda Red(B) E °(2分)将甲基橙指示剂加到一无色水溶液中, (A)中性 (B)碱性 (2 分)反应 2A + + 3B 4+ * 2A 4+ + 3B 2+ (A) ( E A O + E B O )/2 (B) (2 E A O +3E B O)/5 (2分)以下物质必须采用间接法配制溶液的是(C) 7 E 。
)等于 a Ox0.059 lg naRed0.059 I Ox aRed---- lg ----------nRe daOx(D) 8溶液呈黄色，该溶液的酸碱性为((C)酸性 (D)不定到达化学计量点时电位值是((C) (3E A O +2E B °)/5(D) 6(E A O-E B °)/0.059机密★启用前(C) pH=10.46 2、( 2 分)滴定，要求7、 (C)Z n的各混合酸(或碱)(A) HCl + 一氯乙酸(pK a =2.86)(B) HCl +HAc (pK a =4.74)(C) HCl + NH 4CI (pK a =9.26)(D) NaOH + NH8、( 2分)符合朗伯 -比耳定律的有色溶液，当有色物质的浓度增加时，最大吸收波长和吸光度分别是 (A)不变，增加 (B)不变，减小 (C)增加，不变 (D)减小，不变9、( 2分)用铈量法测定铁时，滴定至50%时电位是(B) 1.44V (C)1.06V (D)0.86V(A) 0.68V10、( 2分)用50ml滴定管滴定时下列记录正确的是黑T 为指示剂，用EDTA 滴定，此时滴定的是(A) Mg 2+量 (C) Ca 2+、Mg 2 +总量19、( 2分)若两电对的电子转移数都为1，为使反应完全程度达到99.9%，两电对的条件电位至少应大于(A) 0.09v (B) 0.35v(C) 0.24v(D) 0.27v20、( 2分)用0.1 mol L -1NaOH 溶液滴定0.1 mol L -1pK a =4.50弱酸，计量点时溶液显 ()(A) 24ml (B) 24.0ml (C) 24.002ml (D) 24.00ml(A)甲基橙(B)甲基红 (C)酚酞 (D)溴酚蓝(pK Hin =4.1)12、( 2分)EDTA 滴定金属离子，准确滴定(TE<0.1% )的条件是(A) lgK MY > 6.0 (B) lgK (C) lg c K MY > 6.0 (D) lg cMY >6.0K M Y > 6.0pH 在6.5~10.0范围内，若酸度过高，则(A) AgCl 沉淀不完全 (B) AgCl吸附Cl -增强 (C) Ag 2CrO 4沉淀不易形成(D) AgCl 沉淀易胶溶14、( 2 分)用 0.1 mol L -1NaOH 滴定 mol L -1 NaOH 溶液滴定0.1 mol L -1强酸的突跃范围为 4.3~9.7，如用 1 mol L -1强酸的突跃范围是(B) 3.3~9.7 (C) 3.3~10.7 (A) 5.3~9.7 15、( 2分)用EDTA 直接滴定有色金属离子，终点所呈现的颜色是(D) 5.3~10.7(A)指示剂-金属离子络合物的颜色 (B)游离指示剂的颜色 (C)EDTA-金属离子络合物的颜色 (D)上述B 与C 的混合颜色 16、( 2分)某试液用2cm 比色皿测量时,T=60%，若改用1cm 比色皿，测得吸光度等于(A) 0.11 (B) 0.22 (C) 0.33 (D) 0.4417、 (2分)在吸光光度法中，宜选用吸光度读数范围 (A) 0.1~0.3(B) 0.2~0.8(C) 0.1~1.218、( 2分)某溶液含 Ca 2+、Mg 2+及少量的Al 3+、Fe 3+,(D) 1.0~2.0.今加入三乙醇胺，调pH=10, 以铬(B) Ca 2+量(D) Ca 2+、Mg 2 +、Al 3+、Fe 3+总量（A）酸性（B）强碱性（C）弱碱性（D）中性第3页二、填空题（50分）1、（4分）在下列物质中：N H4CI pK b（NH 3）=4.74;苯酚pK a=9.96; NaAc pK a（HAc）=4.74; Na2CO 3 H2CO3 的pK a1=6.38，pK a2=10.25; HCOOH pK a=3.74。
其中能用强碱标准溶液直接滴定的物质是 ______________________________________________ : 其中能用强酸标准溶液直接滴定的物质是_________________________________________________ 。
2、（2分）某同学测定铁矿中Fe的百分含量，在计算结果时，将铁的相对原子质量55.85写作56，由此造成的相对误差是 __________________________________________________________ 。
3、（4分）络合滴定中，溶液的pH愈大，则EDTA的lg蚀）愈_______________ ，如只考虑酸效应，则金属离子与EDTA络合物的条件稳定常数K'MY = _________________ 。
4、（2分）60ml 0.10 mol L-1・Na2CO3与40ml 0.15 mol L• HCl相混合，溶液的质子条件式是5、（2分）当T%=36.8，或A=0.434时，浓度测量的相对误差为_______________________ 。
6、（4分）测定试液的pH值，参比电极选用；指示电极选用测定试液中氟离子的浓度时，参比电极选用；指示电极选用7、（8分）在气相色谱中：t R是指_________________________________ ；V R是指 ___________________________________ 「21是指________________________________ ；W b是指 ___________________________________ 8、（2分）在以K262O7法测定Fe2O3的含量时，0.0100 mol L-1 10.0ml 相当于F e2O3_______ g。
M （Fe2O3）=159.79、（2分）通常含有共轭酸碱对的溶液称为______________ ;它可抑制溶液 ___________ 的变化。
10、（2分）1 mol L-1H2SO4介质中用Ce4+滴定Fe2+，化学计量点时的电位E sp=E°'Fe3+/Fe2+）=0.68v, E o'Ce4+/Ce3+）=1.44v11、（2分）试举两种标定NaOH溶液浓度的基准物质：________________ 和_______________12、（2分）以法扬司法测定卤化物，确定终点的指示剂是属于_________________________ ;佛尔哈德法是用.________________________ 指示剂确定滴定终点。
13、（4分）用强碱滴定弱酸，当酸的浓度一定时，酸愈弱（K a愈小），滴定反应的完全程度愈__________________ ；突跃范围也愈_______________________ 。
14、（2分）在含有Ca2+、Mg2+和Zn2+的混合溶液中，欲用EDTA标准溶液直接滴定Zn2+，为了消除Ca2+、Mg2+的干扰，采用的方法是________________________________________ 。
第4页15、（2分）在弱碱性溶液中用EDTA滴定乙门2+常用NH3-NH4+溶液，其作用是___________16、（2分）电位选择系数K j的意义是。
17、（2分）为降低某电对的电极电位，可加入能与态形成稳定络合物的络合剂；若要增加电极电位，可加入能与________________ 态形成稳定络合物的络合剂。
18、（2分）摩尔吸光系数K的物理意义是<三、问答题（20分）1、（10分）某同学配制0.02 mol L-1 Na2S2O3溶液500ml，操作如下：在分析天平上准确称量Na2S2O3 5H2O 2.482g，溶于蒸馏水中，加热煮沸，冷却，转移至500ml容量瓶中，加蒸馏水定容摇匀，保存待用。
请指出其错误。
2、（10分）系统误差的分类和产生的原因是什么？四、计算题（40分）1、（10分）纯KCl样品中W（CI）（%）的六次分析结果分别为：47.45, 47.33, 46.88, 47.24, 47.08, 46.93。
计算（a）标准偏差；（b）相对标准偏差；（c）绝对误差；（d）相对误差。
（已知M（KCI）=74.55 , A（ci）=35.45 ）2、（10分）测定铅锡合金中铅锡的含量，称取试样0.1115g，用王水溶解后，加入0.05161 mol L-1 EDTA 20.00ml，调节pH~5,使铅锡定量络合，用0.02023 mol L-1 Pb（Ac）2回滴过量EDTA，消耗13.75ml，加入1.5gNH4F，置换出EDTA，仍用Pb（Ac）2滴定，又消耗了25.64ml，计算合金中铅和锡的百分含量。
（已知Ar（Pb）=207.2 , Ar（sn）=118.7 ）3、（10分）某一有色溶液的浓度为c,对某一波长的入射光吸收了35%。
（1）计算在同一条件下该溶液浓度为3c时的百分透光度（T% ）和吸光度A。
（2）已知测定时仪器透光率读数误差？T=±0.01，计算浓度为3c时。