机械工程英语翻译
机械学英语
机械学英语
机械学（Mechanical Engineering）涉及广泛的工程领域，涵盖机械设计、制造、材料、热力学、控制等多个方面。
以下是一些常见的机械学英语术语及其解释：
1. Mechanical Engineering - 机械工程
2. Thermodynamics - 热力学
3. Fluid Mechanics - 流体力学
4. Mechanics - 力学
5. Materials Science - 材料科学
6. Manufacturing Processes - 制造工艺
7. Control Systems - 控制系统
8. Robotics - 机器人技术
9. Kinematics - 运动学
10. Dynamics - 动力学
11. Statics - 静力学
12. Heat Transfer - 热传导
13. Machine Design - 机械设计
14. CAD/CAM - 计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造
15. Vibration Analysis - 振动分析
16. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) - 有限元分析
17. Hydraulics - 液压学
18. Pneumatics - 气动学
19. Turbomachinery - 涡轮机械
20. Engineering Drawing - 工程制图
这些术语是在机械工程领域中常见的英语专业术语，涵盖了机械工程学科的各个方面。
深入学习这些术语可以帮助理解和掌握机械工程相关的知识和技术。
机械工程英语第二版全本书中英对照翻译
•Types of Materials材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。
科学家常根据状态将材料分为：固体、液体或气体。
他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。
For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materials or nonengineering materials. Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products.就工业效用而言，材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。
那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料。
Nonengineering materials are the chemicals, fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。
Engineering materials may be further subdivided into: ①Metal ②Ceramics ③Composite ④Polymers, etc.工程材料还能进一步细分为：①金属材料②陶瓷材料③复合材料④聚合材料，等等。
机械工程英语_第二部分翻译
Unit5 INDUSTRIAL ROBOT工业机器人INTRODUCTION介绍Industrial robots are relatively new electromechanical devices that are beginning to change the appearance of modern industry. Industrial robots are not like the science fiction devices that possesshuman-like abilities and provide companionship with space traveler、Research to enable robots to “see，"hear"，“touch"，and "listen" has been underway for two decades and is beginning to bearfruit. However，the current technology of industrial robots is such that most robots contain Onlyan arm rather than all the anatomy a human possesses. Current control only allows these devicesto move from point to point in space，performing relatively simple taskes. The Robotics Instituteof America defines a robot as“a reprogramrnab le multifunction manipulator designed to movematerial，parts, tools，or other specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks. "' A NC machining center would qualify as a robot if one wereto interpret different types of machining as different functions- Most manufacturing engineers donot consider a NC machining center a robot，even though these machines hive a number of situ-ilarities. The power drive and controllers of both NC machines and robots can be quite similar.Robots, like NC machines can he powered by electrical motors，hydraulic systems，or pnetinlat tc svsterns. Control for either device can lye either open-loop or closed-loop. In fact，many of the developments used in robotics have evolved from the NC industry，and many of the manufactur-ers of robots also manufacture NC machines or NC controllers.工业机器人是相对来说较新的机电设备，它已经开始改变现代工业的面貌。
机械工程英语翻译Unit 7
Unit7 CAD/CAM /CAPPCAD/CAM is a term which means computer-aided design and compuer-aided manufacturing. It isCAD/CAM这个词条的意思是计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造。
它是在设计和制造中运用the technology concerned which the use of digital computers to perform certain functions in数字化计算机执行某些职能的技术。
这项技术正在向设计制造更高的一体化发展。
design and production. This technology is moving in the direction of greater integration of design这两个在生产企业中被看作是截然不同的，相互分离的。
最终，cad/cam将会提供给未来的计算机集成化工厂技术基础。
and manufacturing, two activities which have traditionally been treated as distinct and separate functions in a production firm. Ultimately, CAD/CAM will provide the technology base for the computer-intgrated factory of the future.Computer-aided design(CAD) can be defined as the use of computer systems to assist in the计算机辅助设计可以定义为使用计算机系统来协助一个设计方案的形成，修改，分析及优化creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. The computer systems consist of the计算机系统由硬件和软件组成来进行公司特定用户需要的专门设计功能。
机械工程专业英语_原文翻译
5.1 IntroductionConventional machining is the group of machining operations that use single- or multi-point tools to remove material in the form of chips. Metal cutting involves removing metal through machining operations. Machining traditionally takes place on lathes, drill presses, and milling machines with the use of various cutting tools. Most machining has very low set-up cost compared with forming, molding, and casting processes. However, machining is much more expensive for high volumes. Machining is necessary where tight tolerances on dimensions and finishes are required.5.1 译文传统机械加工是一组利用单刃或者多刃刀具以切屑形式去除材料的加工方式。
金属切削意味着通过机械加工去除金属。
传统的机械加工都是利用不同的刀具在车床、钻床和铣床上进行的。
与成型加工、锻压和铸造工艺相比，大多数机械加工的生产准备成本都较低，然而如果是大批量生产，其成本要高得多。
当对零件的尺寸公差和光洁度要求较高时，机械加工是很有必要的。
5.2 Turning and LatheTurning is one of the most common of metal cutting operations. In turning, a workpiece is rotated about its axis as single-point cutting tools are fed into it, shearing away excess material and creating the desired cylindrical surface. Turning can occur on both external and internal surfaces to produce an axially-symmetrical contoured part. Parts ranging from pocket watch components to large diameter marine propeller shafts can be turned on a lathe.Apart from turning, several other operations can also be performed on lathe.axially ['æksiəli] adv.轴向地symmetrical [si'metrikəl] a. 对称的cylindrical [si'lindrikl] a.圆柱形的contoured ['kɔntuəd] a.显示轮廓的，与某种形体轮廓相吻合的译文:在金属切削加工操作中，车削是最常见的一种。
《机械工程专业英语教程》课文翻译
Lesson 1 力学的基本概念1、词汇：statics [stætiks] 静力学；dynamics动力学；constraint约束；magnetic [mæɡ＇netik]有磁性的；external [eks＇tə:nl] 外面的, 外部的；meshing啮合；follower从动件；magnitude [＇mæɡnitju:d] 大小；intensity强度，应力；non-coincident [kəu＇insidənt]不重合；parallel [＇pærəlel]平行；intuitive 直观的；substance物质；proportional [prə＇pɔ:ʃənəl]比例的；resist抵抗，对抗；celestial [si＇lestjəl]天空的；product乘积；particle质点；elastic [i＇læstik]弹性；deformed变形的；strain拉力；uniform全都相同的；velocity[vi＇lɔsiti]速度；scalar[＇skeilə]标量；vector[＇vektə]矢量；displacement代替；momentum [məu＇mentəm]动量；2、词组make up of由……组成；if not要不，不然；even through即使，纵然；Lesson 2 力和力的作用效果1、词汇：machine 机器；mechanism机构；movable活动的；given 规定的，给定的，已知的；perform执行；application 施用；produce引起，导致；stress压力；applied施加的；individual单独的；muscular [＇mʌskjulə]]力臂；gravity[ɡrævti]重力；stretch伸展，拉紧，延伸；tensile[tensail]拉力；tension张力，拉力；squeeze挤；compressive 有压力的，压缩的；torsional扭转的；torque转矩；twist扭，转动；molecule [m likju:l]分子的；slide滑动; 滑行；slip滑，溜；one another 互相；shear剪切；independently独立地，自立地；beam梁；compress压；revolve (使)旋转；exert [iɡ＇zə:t]用力，尽力，运用，发挥，施加；principle原则, 原理，准则，规范；spin使…旋转；screw螺丝钉；thread螺纹；2、词组a number of 许多；deal with 涉及，处理；result from由什么引起；prevent from阻止，防止；tends to 朝某个方向；in combination结合；fly apart飞散；3、译文：任何机器或机构的研究表明每一种机构都是由许多可动的零件组成。
机械工程学专业词汇英语翻译(I)
i beam 工字梁i section 工字形断面icing 结冰ideal aerodynamics 理想空气动力学ideal condition 理想条件ideal constraint 理想约束ideal drag 理想铃中的阻力ideal elasticity 理想弹性ideal fluid 理想铃ideal gas 理想气体ideal gas law 理想气体定律ideal gas state equation 理想气体状态方程ideal liquid 理想液体ideal non uniformity 理想非均匀性ideal plane 理想平面ideal plastic 完全塑性的ideal plastic body 理想塑性体ideal solid 理想固体ideal yield 理想屈服idling 空转ignitability 可燃性ignition temperature 着火温度ignorable coordinates 循环坐标image 镜像imaginary axis 虚轴imaginary boundary 假想边界imbibition pressure 泡胀压imbibitional force 泡胀力immersed body 水下物体immersion 浸入immobile wave 驻波immobility 不动性immovable point 固定点impact 撞击冲击impact bending strength 冲讳曲强度impact bending test 冲讳曲试验impact brittleness 冲秽性impact compression test 冲压试验impact elasticity 冲化性impact energy 冲卉impact excitation 冲护励impact fatigue strength 冲唬劳强度impact force 冲力impact fracture 冲幌裂impact hardness 冲徊度impact hardness testing 冲徊度试验impact load 冲回荷impact matrix 碰撞矩阵impact momentum 冲化量impact normal 冲花线impact of particles 颗粒碰撞impact parameter 冲晃数impact parameter approximation 冲晃数近似impact pressure 冲还力impact resistance 冲昏力impact screen 冲桓impact sound 冲基impact strength 冲豢度impact stress 冲沪力impact tensile strength 冲还拉强度impact test 冲辉验impact test piece 冲辉样impact tester 冲辉验机impact time 碰撞时间impact torsion test 冲护转试验impact toughness 冲煌性impact transfer 冲猾递impact tube 冲卉impact wave 激波impact work 撞沪impedance 阻抗impeller 叶轮impenetrability 不透过性imperfect elasticity 不完全弹性imperfect gas 不完全气体imperfect resonance 不完全共振imperfection 缺陷impermeability 不渗透性impermeable stratum 不透水层impingement 碰撞impinging 碰撞impossible displacement 不可能位移impossible velocity 不可能速度impregnation 浸渍impressed field 外加场impression 压痕improper angle variable 异常角变量improper cavitation 异常空蚀现象improper phase integral 广义相积分improper rotation 非正常转动impulse 冲量impulse approximation 脉冲近似impulse force 冲力impulse function 冲力函数impulse generator 脉冲发生器impulse impact 脉冲型冲击impulse noise 脉冲噪声impulse of force 冲量impulse of pressure wave 压力波脉冲impulse oscillator 脉冲振荡器impulse phase 脉冲相位impulse response 脉冲响应impulse response function 脉冲响应函数impulse sound 脉冲声impulse strength 脉冲强度impulse test 脉冲试验impulse turbine 冲唤涡轮impulse ultrasound 脉冲超声impulse wave 冲花impulser 脉冲发送器impulsive force 冲力impulsive load 冲回荷impulsive moment 冲量矩impulsive motion 冲化impulsive reaction 脉冲反酌impulsive tone 撞霍impulsive work 冲沪in counter clockwise direction 向反时针的方向in field 入射场in phase 同相的in phase element 同相元件in plane vibration 面内振动in situ test 现场试验inch 英寸incidence 入射incidence angle 入射角incident energy 入射能incident wave 入射波incipient crack 初裂incipient flaw 初裂inclination 倾斜inclined element 倾斜元件inclined flow 偏流斜流inclined plane 斜面inclined throw 斜投掷inclined track 斜径迹inclusion of air 气态夹杂incoherence 非相干性incoherent scattering cross section 非相干散射截面incombustibility 不燃性incoming wave 入射波incomplete expansion 不完全膨胀incomplete model 不完全模型incomplete shell 未满壳层incomplete similarity 不完全相似incomplete simulation 不完全模拟incompressibility 不可压缩性incompressibility coefficient 不可压缩系数incompressibility condition 不可压缩性条件incompressible 不可压缩的incompressible flow 不可压缩流incompressible fluid 不可压缩铃incompressible material 不可压缩材料incompressible solid 不可压缩固体increase 增加increase of pressure 增压increase of tensile strength 抗拉强度增大increasing oscillation 增幅振荡incremental deformation 增量变形incremental impulse 增量脉冲incremental loading 负载增量indentation 压痕indentation method 刻痕法indenter 压头independence 独立independence of force 力的独立酌independence theorem 独立性定理independent deflection 独立挠曲independent excitation 单独激发independent similarity criterion 独立相似准则indeterminateness 不定性indeterminedness 不定性index ellipsoid 指数椭面index of flow 粮数indicated horsepower 指示马力indicated power 指示功率indicated pressure 指示压力indication 指示indicator diagram 示功图indicatrix 指标线indifferent equilibrium 中性平衡indirect beam 间接梁indirect control 间接控制indirect load 间接载荷indirect measurement 间接测量indirect method 间接法individual error 个体误差induced air 诱导风，引风induced air oxidation 诱导空气氧化induced draft 诱导通风induced drag 诱导阻力induced force 感应力induced mass 表观质量induced noise 感应噪声induced velocity 诱导速度induction 诱导induction period 诱导期induction shock 感应冲击industrial aerodynamics 工业空气动力学industrial mechanics 工程力学industrial robot 工业机扑industrial unit 工程单位inelastic 非弹性的inelastic bending 非弹性弯曲inelastic buckling 非弹性屈曲inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inelastic deformation 非弹性变形inelastic impact 非弹性碰撞inelastic range 非弹性区inelastic scattering 非弹性散射inelastic scattering by crystals 依晶体非弹性散射inelastic scattering cross section 非弹性散射截面inelastically scattered 非弹性散射的inelasticity 非弹性inequality 不等式；中心差inert gas 惰性气体inert medium 惰性介质inertia 惯性inertia effect 惯性效应inertia ellipse 惯量椭圆inertia force 惯性力inertia governor 惯性第器inertia head 惯性水头inertia moment 惯性力矩inertia resistance 惯性阻力inertia rod 惯性杆inertia starter 惯性起动机inertia starting 惯性起动inertia tensor 惯性张量inertial coefficient 惯性系数inertial compression 惯性压缩inertial field 惯性场inertial flight 惯性飞行inertial force 惯性力inertial frame 惯性系inertial frequency 惯性频率inertial guidance 惯性制导inertial mass 惯性质量inertial motion 惯性运动inertial oscillation 惯性振荡inertial parameter 惯性参数inertial reference frame 惯性参考系inertial resistance 惯抗inertial system 惯性系inertial wave 惯性波inertialessness 无惯性inexpansibility 不可膨胀性inferior atmospheric layer 底层大气infinite cylinder problem 无限圆柱问题infinite dimensional space 无限维空间infinite element method 无限元法infinite medium 无限介质infinite motion 无限运动infinite movement 无限运动infinitely rare medium 无限稀薄介质infinitesimal 无限小的infinitesimal amplitude wave 无限小振幅波infinitesimal displacement 无限小位移infinitesimal oscillation 无限小振荡infinitesimal rotation 无限小转动infinitesimal spin tensor 无限小自转张量infinitesimal strain 无限小应变infinitesimal transformation 无限小转换infinitesimal wave 无限小波inflammable gas 可燃气体inflammable mixture 可燃混合气inflammation 着火inflammation point 着火点inflatable structures 充气式结构inflation 充气inflation of elastic membrane 弹性膜膨胀inflection 弯曲inflection point 拐点inflexion 弯曲inflexion point 拐点inflow 岭量influence 影响influence coefficient 影响系数influence line 影响线influence matrix 影响矩阵influence surface 影响面influence table 影响表influx 岭量infrasonic 亚声的inglis model 英格里什模型ingredient 要素inherent density 固有密度inherent noise 固有噪声inherent rigidity 固有刚性inherent stability 固有稳定性inhibiting action 抑制效应inhibitory action 抑制效应inhomogeneity 非齐次inhomogeneous wave 不均匀波initial atmosphere 初始大气initial condition 初始条件initial creep 初始蠕变initial curvature 初始曲率initial deformation 初始变形initial deviation 起始偏差initial displacement 初始位移initial mass 初始质量initial perturbation 初始摄动initial phase 初始相位initial position 初始位置initial pressure 初压力initial speed 初速度initial state 初态initial state quantity 初态量initial strain 初应变initial stress 初应力initial stress matrix 起始应力矩阵initial tension 初张力initial thrust 起始推力initial torque 起动转矩initial unbalance 初始不平衡initial value 初值initial velocity 初速度initial vortex 初始涡旋initial wave 初生波initiation of fracture 断裂的引发injection 注入injection molding 注模injection pressure 喷射压力injury 损伤inlet angle 进口角inlet edge 前缘inlet pressure 进气压力inlet temperature 入口温度inlet velocity 进口速度inner energy 内能inner friction 内摩擦inner gimbal 内框架inner orbit 内轨道inner potential 内势inner product 内积inner products 内积inner stress 内部应力inplane shear 面内剪切input 输入input power 输入input resistance 输入阻抗instability 不稳定性instability constant 不稳定常数instability criterion 不稳定性判据instability stress 不稳定应力instable equlibrium 不稳定平衡instable motion 不稳定运动installation 装置instantaneous 瞬时的instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous angular velocity 瞬时角速度instantaneous angular velocity vector 瞬时角速度矢instantaneous axis 瞬轴instantaneous axis of rotation 转动瞬轴instantaneous breakdown 瞬时破裂instantaneous center 瞬时中心instantaneous center of accelerations 瞬时加速中心instantaneous center of rotation 瞬时转动中心instantaneous center of velocities 瞬时速度中心instantaneous flow 瞬时量instantaneous force 瞬时力instantaneous frequency 瞬时频率instantaneous load 瞬时装载instantaneous motion 瞬时运动instantaneous orbit 瞬时轨道instantaneous orbital plane 瞬时轨道面instantaneous perturbation 瞬时扰动instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous rotation 瞬时转动instantaneous screw axis 瞬时螺旋轴instantaneous sound pressure 瞬时声压instantaneous space 瞬时空间instantaneous strain 瞬时应变instantaneous system of coordinates 瞬时坐标系instantaneous value 瞬时值instantaneous variable structure 瞬时可变结构instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instrumental error 仪企差insulant 绝缘材料insulation 防振insulator 绝缘体intake pressure 进气压力intake valve 进给阀integrability condition 可积条件integral of motion 运动积分integral principle 积分原理integral theorem of fourier 傅里叶积分公式integrated flux 积分通量integrated intensity 累积强度integrating gyroscope 积分陀螺仪integration method of velocity measurement 速度测量的积分法intense explosion 强爆炸intensification 加强intensity 强度intensity of continuous load 持续负载强度intensity of distributed load 负载强度intensity of emission 发射强度intensity of load 负载强度intensity wave 强度波interacting field 相互酌场interaction 相互酌interaction cross section 相互酌截面interaction force 相互酌力interaction law 相互酌定律interaction loss 相互酌损耗interaction parameter 相互酌参数interaction potential 相互酌势interaction space 相互酌空间interaction strength 相互酌强度interatomic force 原子间力interception 截击interchange 交换interchange coefficient 交换系数interchange deformation 互换型变形interchange diffusion 交换扩散interchange instability 交换不稳定性intercrystalline boundary 晶粒间边界intercrystalline brittleness 晶间脆性interdiffusion 相互扩散interface 界面interface layer 界面层interface normal 界面法线interface reaction 界面反应interface region 边界层区域interface wave 界面波interfacial diffusion 界面扩散interfacial disturbance 界面扰动interfacial mass transfer 界面传质interfacial tension 界面张力interfacial viscosity 界面粘性interference 干涉interference fringe 干涉条纹interference phenomenon 干涉现象interference ring 干涉环interference vortex 干涉涡interfering energy 干扰能量interferometer 干涉仪interferometry 干涉法intergranular crack 晶间裂纹intergranular failure 晶间破裂interior ballistics 内弹道学interior boundary value problem 内边值问题interior force 内力interlacement 交错interlacing 交错interlock 联销intermediary orbit 中间轨道intermediate axis 中间轴intermediate coupling 中间耦合intermediate layer 中间层intermediate pressure 中间压力intermediate wave 中间波intermittent motion 间歇运动intermittent wind tunnel 间歇式风洞intermolecular bond 分子间键intermolecular force 分子间力intermolecular potential 分子间势intermolecular tension 分子间张力internal aerodynamics 内琳气动力学internal combustion engine 内燃机internal constraint 内部约束internal crack 内部裂缝internal diameter 内径internal disturbance 内部干扰internal effect 内效应internal efficiency 内部效率internal energy 内能internal field 内场internal flow 内流internal force 内力internal friction 内摩擦internal friction factor 内擦系数internal friction of rotor 转子内摩擦internal magnetic field 内磁场internal noise 内噪声internal porosity 内孔隙率internal potential energy 内势能internal pressure 内压力internal resistance 内阻力internal rotation 内旋转internal rupture 内破裂internal stress 内部应力internal structure 内部结构internal surface 内表面internal variable 内变量internal wave 内波internal work 内功international standard atmosphere 国际标准大气interphase 界面interpolating function 内插函数interpolation 内插法interrupted wave 斩波intersection 交叉intersection line 交叉线intersection point 交叉点interstitial fluid 间隙液体interstitial pressure 渗压毛细水压interstitial water 间隙水interval 区间intihyperbolic cosine 反双曲余弦intraatomic force 原子内力intramolecular force 分子内力intrinsic 内倌intrinsic coordinates 内蕴坐标intrinsic defect 固有缺陷intrinsic displacement 内位移intrinsic energy 内能intrinsic equation 内蕴方程intrinsic magnetic moment 内倥矩intrinsic mass 内偈量intrinsic parameter 固有变量intrinsic property 固有性质intrinsic variable 固有变量intrinsic viscosity 固有粘度invariable 不变的invariable plane 不变平面invariable system 不变系invariance 不变性invariant 不变量invariant function 不变函数invariant plane 不变平面invariant system 不变系invariant theory 不变量理论inverse ballistic problem 反弹道问题inverse calculation 回代inverse collision 逆碰撞inverse hyperbolic cosine 反双曲余弦inverse laplace transformation 拉普拉斯逆变换inverse method 逆解法inverse problem 逆问题inverse transformation 逆变换inversion 反演inversion formula 反演公式inverted arch 仰拱inverter 逆变器变换器inviscid fluid 非粘性铃ion bombardment 离子轰击ion cyclotron frequency 离子回旋频率ion cyclotron heating 离子回旋加热ion cyclotron resonance 离子回旋共振ion diffusion 离子扩散ion electron emission 离子电子发射ion exchange bed 离子交换层ion exchange membrane 离子交换膜ion exchanging surface 离子交换面ion flow 离子流ion flux 离子流ion heating 离子加热ion impact 离子碰撞ion orbit 离子轨道ion path 离子轨道ion plasma frequency 离子等离子体频率ion slip 离子滑移ion sound speed 离子声速ion sound velocity 离子声速ion trajectory 离子轨道ionic deformation 离子形变ionic equilibrium 离子平衡ionic friction 离子摩擦ionic liquid 离子液体ionic plasma 电离等离子体ionic solid 离子固体ionization 电离ionization balance 电离平衡ionization energy 电离能ionization equilibrium 电离平衡ionization frequency 电离频率ionization pressure 电离压力ionization state 电离状态ionized gas 电离气体ionizing capacity 电离本领ionizing collision 电离碰撞ionizing power 电离本领ionizing shock 电离碰撞ionosphere 电离层ionospheric wave 电离层波irregularity of flow 怜非正规性irreversibility 不可逆性irreversible 不可逆的irreversible change 不可逆变化irreversible cycle 不可逆循环irreversible process 不可逆过程irreversible reaction 不可逆反应irreversible thermodynamics 不可逆过程热力学irrotational field 无旋场irrotational flow 无旋流irrotational motion 无旋运动irrotational vector 无旋矢irrotationality 无旋涡性irwin orowan theory 欧文奥罗万理论isallobaric wind 等变压风isanemone 等风速线isenthalpic change 等焓变化isentrope 等熵线isentropic change 等熵变化isentropic flow 等熵怜isentropic process 等熵过程isentropic surface 等熵面isentropy 等熵isoallobaric wind 等变压风isobar 等压线isobaric 等压的isobaric change 等压变化isobaric compressibility 等压压缩性isobaric expansion 等压膨胀isobaric expansion coefficient 等压膨胀系数isobaric heat capacity 等压热容isobaric process 等压过程isobaric surface 等压面isobath 等深线isochore 等容线isochoric change 等容变化isochromatic curve 等色线isochromatic line 等色线isochronism 等时性isocline 等斜线isoclinic line 等斜线isoclinic method 等倾法isocurlus 等旋涡强度线isodensitometer 等密度计isodynam 等磁力线isodynamic change 等力变化isodyne 等力线isoenergetic surface 等能量面isoflux 等通量isogels 等凝胶isohypse line 等高线isokatabase 等降压线isolated system 孤立系isolated vortex 孤立涡isomorphic mapping 同构映射isomorphism 同构isopach 等厚线isopachyte 等厚线isoparametric element 等参数元isoperimetric problem 等周问题isophase 等相isophase surface 等相面isopiestic 等压的isopiestic process 等压过程isopiestic specific heat 恒压比热isopotential curve 等势线isopotential line 等势线isopotential surface 等势面isorotation theorem 等旋定理isostasy 地壳均衡isostatic surface 均衡面isotac 同时解冻线isotach 等速线isotherm 等温线isothermal 等温的isothermal annealing 等温退火isothermal change 等温变化isothermal compression 等温压缩isothermal deformation 等温形变isothermal elastic potential 等温弹性势isothermal equilibrium 等温平衡isothermal expansion 等温膨胀isothermal flow 等温怜isothermal line 等温线isothermal modulus of elasticity 等温弹性模量isothermal process 等温过程isothermal speed of sound 等温声速isothermal surface 等温面isotropic body 蛤同性体isotropic curve 蛤同性线isotropic elasticity 蛤同性弹性isotropic material 蛤同性材料isotropic medium 蛤同性介质isotropic plane 蛤同性面isotropic stress 蛤同性应力isotropic turbulence 蛤同性湍流isotropic vector 蛤同性矢量isotropism 蛤同性isotropy 蛤同性isovector 等矢量isovector resonance 等矢量共振isovelocity 等速线iteration 迭代iterative method 迭代法ixodynamics 粘滞动力学。
机械工程学专业词汇英语翻译(F)2
机械工程学专业词汇英语翻译(F)2flowage 蠕变fluctuating liquid drop 振荡液滴fluctuating load 变动载荷fluctuating stress 变应力fluctuation 起伏fluctuation velocity 脉动速度flue gas 烟气fluid 铃fluid clutch 液压离合器fluid dynamics 铃动力学fluid element 铃元fluid filament 细水流量fluid film 铃膜fluid flow 铃怜fluid flow efficiency 怜效率fluid flow physics 铃怜物理fluid friction 铃摩擦fluid friction damping 液体摩擦阻尼fluid kinematics 铃运动学fluid line 铃线fluid lubrication 铃润滑fluid mechanics 铃力学fluid motion 铃运动fluid phase 液相fluid plastic 猎塑料fluid pressure 铃压力fluid surface 伶fluid type instability 铃型不稳定性fluid wave 铃波fluidal 铃的fluidal structure 疗结构fluidic 铃的fluidic element 铃元fluidity 怜性fluidity coefficient 寥fluidization 连化fluidized bed 怜床flume 水沟道flute type deformation 槽型形变flutter 颤振flutter of aerofoil 机翼颤振flux 通量flux density 通量密度flux equilibrium 通量平衡flux of force 力线通量flux peak 通量flying height 飞行高度flying range 航程flying speed 飞行速度flywheel 惯性轮flywheel effect 飞轮效应flywheel fan 飞轮风扇flywheel moment 飞轮力矩foam 泡沫foaming 发泡focal length 焦距focal length ratio 焦距比focal plane 焦面focus of earthquake 震源fokker planck collision term 福克尔普朗克碰撞项fokker planck equation 福克尔普朗克方程folded plate structure 折板结构folded system 折板结构folding 弯曲folding strength 曲折强度folding test 曲折试验follow rest 移动中心架following 追踪following wake 伴流foot 底座force 力force analysis 受力分析force coefficient 力系数force constant 力常数force couple 力偶force density 力密度force dependent on position 与位置依赖的力force dependent on velocity 与速度依赖的力force diagram 力图force distribution 力分布force feed 压力进给force field 力场force free 未受力酌的force function 力函数force in member 构件力force in the bar 杆内酌力force of attraction 引力force of gravity 重力force of inertia 惯性力force of repulsion 斥力force operator 力算符force pipe 压力管force polygon 力多边形force polygon rule 力多边形法force pump 压力泵force sensing of robot 机扑的力感度force sensor 力传感器force system 力系force system of equal effect 等效力系force triangle 力三角形force unbalance 力不平衡force vector 力矢量force voltage analogy 力电压模拟forced circulation 强制循环forced convection 强制对流forced convection air cooler 强制对琳气冷却器forced diffusion 强制扩散forced draught 强制通风forced emission 受迫发射forced oscillations 受迫振荡forced regular precession 强迫规则旋进forced ventilation 强迫通风forced vibration 受迫振荡forced vortex 强制旋涡forced wave 强制波forcing screw 加压螺钉foreshock 前震form drag 形阻力form of bifurcation 分叉形状form of energy 能量形式form of oscillations 振荡形式form of vibrations 振荡形式form resistance 形阻力formation energy 形成能formation enthalpy 形成焓formation entropy 形成熵formation heat 形成热formation of eddy 涡旋形成formation of thermal cracks 热裂形成formation of vortices 涡旋形成formation of waves 波的形成forming 成形forward difference 前向差分forward direction 正向forward movement 前向运动forward scattering 前方散射forward scattering angle 前方散射角forward scattering peak 前方散射峰forward speed 前进速度forward velocity 前进速度forward wave 前向波foucault gyrocompass 傅科陀螺仪foucault pendulum 傅科摆foucault pendulum experiment 傅科摆实验foundation slab 基础底板fountain effect 喷注效应four dimensional force 四维力four dimensional velocity 四维速度four dimensional wave vector 四维波矢量fourier component 傅里叶分量fourier expansion 傅里叶展开fourier integral 傅里叶积分fourier law 傅里叶定律fourier series 傅里叶级数fourier transform 傅里叶变换fourier transformation 傅里叶变换fractional fissure 断裂纹fractural cleavage 破劈理fracture 断裂fracture appearance 断口外观fracture condition 断裂条件fracture criterion 断裂准则fracture dynamics 断裂动力学fracture face 破坏面fracture load 断裂载荷fracture mechanics 断裂力学fracture strain 断裂应变fracture surface 破坏面fracture test 断裂试验fracture toughness 断裂韧性fracturing load 断裂载荷fragility 易碎性fragment 碎片fragmentation 破碎frame 框架frame of reference 参考系frame structure 框架结构framework 框架framework method 框架法framing index 照准标志free air effect 自由空气效应free air overpressure 自由大气超压free body 自由体free boundary 自由边界free boundary flow 自由边界流free convection 自由对流free edge 自由边free end 自由端free energy 自由能free energy density 自由能密度free energy function 自由能函数free enthalpy 自由焓free fall 自由下降free fall apparatus 自由降落装置free fall trajectory 自由降落轨道free fall weir 自两溢吝free falling body 自由落体free flight 自由飞行free flow 自由怜free head 自由水头free internal rotation 自由内转动free jet 自由射流free jet wind tunnel 自由喷射风洞free length 自由长度free mass point 自由质点free meander 自由曲流free molecule flow 自由分子流free motion 自由运动free oscillation 自由振荡free outflow 自由瘤free path 自由程free pendulum 自由摆free period 自由周期free plastic flow 自由塑性怜free regular precession 自由规则旋进free rotation 自由旋转free rotor 自由转子free rotor gyroscope 自由转子陀螺仪free running oscillator 自激振荡器free space 自由空间free space propagation 自由空间传播free spinning 旋转free spinning tunnel 旋转竖直风洞free stream 自由怜free stream mach number 自由另赫数free stream velocity 自由怜速度free surface 自由面free surface flow 自由表面怜free surface of water 自由水面free surface vortex 自由面涡free surface wave 自由表面波free time of flight 自由飞行时间free torsion 自由扭转free vector 自由矢量free vibration 自由振荡free volume 自由体积free volume theory 自由体积理论free vortex 自由涡free vortex system 自由涡恋free wave 自由波freedom of motion 运动的自由度freely supported 自由支承的freezing 凝固freezing method 冻结方法freezing point 凝固点freezing temperature 冻结温度freighter 运输机frequency 频率frequency analysis 频率分析frequency analyzer 频率分析器frequency characteristic 频率特性frequency conversion 频率转换frequency distribution 频率分布frequency division 分频frequency domain 频率范围frequency domain method 频域法frequency drift 频率偏移frequency factor 频率因数frequency instability 频率不稳定性frequency jumping 频率跃变frequency meter 频率计frequency method 频率法frequency modulation 频率灯frequency of fadings 衰减频率frequency of ripple 脉动频率frequency parameter 频率参数frequency range 频率范围frequency response 频率响应frequency spectrum 频谱frequency stability 频率稳定度frequency standard 频率标准frequency synthesis 频率合成fresh water 淡水fresh wind 清风friability 易碎性friction 摩擦friction angle 摩擦角friction brake 摩擦闸friction circle 摩擦圆friction coefficient 摩擦系数friction cone 摩擦圆锥friction constant 摩擦常数friction damper 摩擦减震器friction depth 摩擦深度friction drag 摩擦阻力friction drum 摩擦滚筒friction factor 摩擦系数friction gage 摩擦压力计friction head 摩擦水头friction layer 摩擦层friction moment 摩擦力矩friction of motion 运动摩擦friction of rest 静摩擦friction pendulum 摩擦摆friction resistance 摩擦阻力friction roller 摩擦轮friction shock absorber 摩擦式减振器friction spring 摩擦弹簧friction stress 摩擦应力friction surface 摩擦面friction tensor 摩擦应力张量friction term 摩擦项friction velocity 摩擦速度frictional compensation 摩擦补偿frictional error 摩擦误差frictional force 摩擦力frictional heat 摩擦热frictional loss 摩擦损耗frictional oscillation 摩擦振荡frictional ratio 摩擦比frictional resistance 摩擦阻力frictional work 摩擦功frictionless 无摩擦的frictionless instability 非粘性粱稳定性friedrich diagram 弗里德利希示意图fringe density 条纹密度front 锋面front of the detonation wave 爆震波波前front wave 锋面波front wing 前翼frontal drag 迎面阻力frontal edge 前缘frontal resistance 迎面阻力froude pendulum 弗劳德摆frozen equilibrium 冻结平衡frozen flow 冻结怜frozen in degree of freedom 冻结自由度frozen in field lines 冻结力线frozen in magnetic field 冻结磁场frozen soil 冻土fuel 燃料fulcrum 支点fulcrum of suspension 悬挂点full flow 总量full load 全负荷full power 全功率full scale 实际缩尺full sphere 实心球full wave 全波fully developed turbulence 完全发达湍流fully elastic 完全弹性的fully elastic torsion 完全弹性扭转fully ionized plasma 完全电离等离子体fully plastic 完全塑性的fully plastic torsion 完全塑性扭转fume 烟雾function of bounded variation 有界变分函数function of strain 应变函数functional determinant 函数行列式functional equation 函数方程functional model 函数模型functional similarity 函数相似functional simulation 函数模拟fundamental equation 基本方程fundamental frequency 基频fundamental harmonic 基谐波fundamental matrix 基本矩阵fundamental oscillation 基本振动fundamental resonance 基频谐振fundamental tensor 基本张量fundamental vibration 基本振动fundamental wave 基波fundamental wavelength 基波长funicular polygon 肃边形funnel viscometer 漏斗形粘度计fuzzy optimization 模糊优化fuzzy random vibration 模糊随机振动。
机械专业英语 (2)
机械专业英语1. Introduction机械工程是一门涉及机械设备和工具设计、制造、使用和维护的学科，是工程技术领域中的一个重要分支。
机械专业英语是机械工程学习中必不可少的一部分，它涉及到机械工程师需要掌握的英语词汇、专业术语、文档阅读和撰写技巧等方面。
本文将介绍一些常用的机械专业英语词汇和常用的表达方式，以帮助读者更好地掌握机械专业英语。
2. Mechanical Engineering Vocabulary以下是一些常用的机械工程专业词汇，可以帮助读者对机械工程领域的基本概念有更好的了解：•Mechanical Engineering（机械工程）: A discipline of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and operation of machinery.•Engineer（工程师）: A person who designs, builds, or maintains engines, machines, or public works.•CAD（计算机辅助设计）: Computer-Aided Design, a software tool used by engineers to create and modifymechanical designs.•CAM（计算机辅助制造）: Computer-Aided Manufacturing, a software tool used to controlmanufacturing processes.•CNC（计算机数控）: Computer Numerical Control,a method of controlling manufacturing machines usingcomputers.3. Common Expressions in Mechanical Engineering在机械工程领域，有一些常用的表达方式，以下是一些示例：•According to the design specifications（根据设计规范）: Indicates that something is done in accordance with the design requirements.•The machine is in operation（机器正在运行）: Indicates that the machine is currently running andperforming its intended function.•The material is heat-treated（材料经过热处理）: Indicates that the material has undergone a specific heat treatment process for improved properties.•The system is experiencing mechanical failure（系统发生机械故障）: Indicates that the system is notfunctioning properly due to a mechanical issue.•The component needs to be lubricated regularly（零部件需要定期加润滑油）: Indicates that regularlubrication is required to ensure proper functioning of the component.4. Reading and Writing Documents in Mechanical Engineering在机械工程领域，阅读和撰写文档是非常重要的技能。
机械工程专业英语翻译
机械工程专业英语翻译Introduction机械工程是一门涵盖机械原理、设计、制造以及维护的综合性学科，其中涉及许多专业术语和英语翻译。
良好的英语翻译能力对机械工程师在国际合作和成果交流中至关重要。
本文将介绍机械工程专业中常见的英语单词和短语，并提供中文翻译和相关注释。
Mechanical Principles 机械原理对于机械原理，下面是一些常见的英语单词和短语。
1.Mechanism（机构）：A mechanism is a device designedto transform input forces and movement into a desiredoutput force and movement.2.Kinematics（运动学）：Kinematics is the study ofmotion, without regard to the cause of the motion.3.Statics（静力学）：Statics is the study of thebehavior of structures, under the action of forceswithout producing motion.4.Dynamics（动力学）：Dynamics is the study of thebehavior of motion of objects under the action of forces.5.Thermodynamics（热力学）：Thermodynamics deals withthe relationships between heat, work, and energy.6.Fluid Mechanics（流体力学）：Fluid mechanics is thestudy of the behavior of fluids at rest or in motion. Mechanical Design 机械设计对于机械设计，下面是一些常见的英语单词和短语。
机械工程专业英语第二版必考翻译(完整版)
机械工程专业英语第二版必考翻译(完整版)1.With low-power machinery or vehicles the operator can usually apply sufficient force through a simple mechanical linkage from the pedle or handle to the stationary part of the brake. In many cases, however, this force must be multiplied by using an elaborate braking system.（P5）用低能机器或传力工具，操作者通过向踏板或把手的一个简单机械连接构件作用足够的力量到车闸固定的部分。
大多数情况，然而，用一个详细（复杂）的车闸系统使这个力量成倍增加。
2. The fundamental principle involved is the use of pressed air acting through a piston in a cylinder to set block brakes on the wheels. The action is simultaneous on the wheels of all the cars in the train. The pressed air is carried through a strong hose from car to car with couplings between cars; its release to all the separate block brake units, at the same time, is controlled by the engineer. (Braking Systems)（P5）相关的基本原理是使用压缩气体，通过气缸内的活塞将闸块压在车轮起作用。
机械工程英语第十六课翻译
Lesson 16 Fixtures and Gauges Jigs and Fixtures （夹具）Introduction （简介）：In large engineering works jigs and fixtures are essential when large numbers of components are to be machined accurately to the same dimensions. 当大批量工件要求以很高的精度机械加工到相同的尺寸时，夹具是必不可少的。
A jig may be described as a plate, metal box or structure on to or into which components are clamped in identical positions one after the other. 夹具常被设计成平板状、金属盒状或者是其他结构形式并且工件一个接一个的固定在这种结构的相同位置上面或里面。
In the structure, suitable holes are machine to match in size and position the holes shown on themachine drawing of the component. 在这种家具结构上，加工出了在尺寸和位置上和工件相匹配的孔。
When the component is presented to the machine, the holes in the jig act as a guide for the cutting tools employed and ensure that on completion of the machining, the relative positions and size of all the holes in the components processed on the machine are exactly the same. 当毛坯固定在机床上时，夹具上的孔起到导向刀具的作用，并确保在整个加工过程中，所加工出来的工件上的孔的尺寸和形状完全相同A fixture may be described as a structure to hole and locate a component or workpiece in a definite position.工作夹具也可以用来装夹定位工件使工件在特定位置。
《机械工程专业英语教程》课文翻译
机械工程专业英语教程第一课：机械工程简介Introduction to Mechanical EngineeringSection 1: OverviewMechanical engineering is a diverse and dynamic field that encompasses the design, development, and operation of machinery, structures, and systems. This branch of engineering plays a crucial role in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and energy.Section 2: Responsibilities and SkillsAs a mechanical engineer, your responsibilities will include designing and analyzing mechanical systems, conducting tests and experiments, and supervising the manufacturing process. You will also need to have a strong understanding of physics, mathematics, and computer-aided design (CAD). Additionally, problem-solving skills, attention to detail, and the ability to work well in teams are essential.Section 3: Career OpportunitiesA degree in mechanical engineering can open up a wide range of career opportunities. You could work in research and development, product design, manufacturing, or projectmanagement. Mechanical engineers are in demand in almost every industry, ensuring a stable and rewarding career path.Section 4: University CoursesTo become a mechanical engineer, it is essential to pursue a degree in mechanical engineering from a reputable university. The curriculum typically includes courses in engineering principles, materials science, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and mechanical design. Additionally, practical training through internships or cooperative education programs is crucial for gaining hands-on experience.Section 5: ConclusionMechanical engineering offers a challenging and rewarding career for those with a passion for solving problems and a desire to create innovative solutions. With the right education and skills, you can embark on a successful journey in the field of mechanical engineering. Remember, the possibilities are endless in this ever-evolving discipline.第二课：机械设计基础Fundamentals of Mechanical DesignSection 1: IntroductionIn this lesson, we will explore the fundamentals of mechanical design. Mechanical design involves the creation and development of physical systems and components that meet specific requirements and specifications. This processrequires a deep understanding of materials, mechanics, and engineering principles.Section 2: Design ProcessThe design process typically follows a systematic approach that includes several stages. These stages include problem identification, conceptual design, detailed design, manufacturing, and testing. Each stage involves various activities such as brainstorming, prototyping, and evaluation.Section 3: Design ConsiderationsDuring the design process, there are several important considerations to keep in mind. These include functionality, efficiency, reliability, safety, and cost-effectiveness. It is also crucial to consider the environmental impact and sustainability of the design.Section 4: Tools and SoftwareTo aid in the design process, engineers use various tools and software. Computer-aided design (CAD) software allows for precise modeling and simulation of mechanical systems. Finite element analysis (FEA) software helps in analyzing the structural integrity and performance of designs.Section 5: Case StudyTo further understand the application of mechanical design principles, we will examine a case study. This real-world example will demonstrate how the design process isimplemented to solve a specific problem and achieve desired outcomes.Section 6: ConclusionMechanical design is a critical aspect of mechanical engineering. It requires a combination of creativity, technical knowledge, and attention to detail. By mastering the fundamentals of mechanical design, you will be well-equippedto tackle complex challenges and contribute to the development of innovative solutions.以上是《机械工程专业英语教程》的课文翻译。
机械工程英语翻译
When cutting screw threads, power is provided to the gearbox of the apron by the lead screw. In all other turning operations, it is the feed rod that drives the carriage. The lead screw goes through a pair of half nuts, which are fixed to the rear of the apron.
齿轮箱的功能是给主轴提供若干不同的速度 (通常是6到18速)。有些现代车床具有采用 摩擦、电力或液压驱动的无级调速主轴箱。
The spindle is always hollow, i. e., it has a through hole extending lengthwise. Bar stocks can be fed through that hole if continuous production is adopted.
当开动特定操作杆时，剖分螺母夹在一起作 为单个螺母与旋转的丝杆啮合，并带动拖 板沿着床身提供进给。当操作杆脱离时， 剖分螺母释放同时大拖板停止运动。
On the other hand, when the feed rod is used, it supplies power to the apron through a worm gear. The latter is keyed to the feed rod and travels with the apron along the feed rod, which has a keyway extending to cover its whole length.
机械工程英语翻译
•Drilling and Drills钻削和钻头Drilling involves producing through or blind holes in a workpiece by forcing a tool, which rotates around its axis, against the workpiece.钻削就是通过迫使绕自身轴线旋转的切削刀具进入工件而在其上生成通孔或盲孔。
Consequently, the range of cutting from that axis of rotation is equal to the radius of the required hole. In practice, two symmetrical cutting edges that rotate about the same axis are employed.因此，从旋转轴线开始的切削范围等于所需孔的半径。
实际上，使用的是两条围绕相同轴线旋转的对称切削刃。
Drilling operations can be carried out by using either hand drills or drilling machines. The latter differ in size and construction. Nevertheless, the tool always rotates around its axis while the workpiece is kept firmly fixed. This is contrary to drilling on a lathe.钻削作业既能采用手钻也能采用钻床来实现。
钻床在尺寸和结构上虽有差别，然而始终都是切削刀具围绕自身轴线旋转、工件稳固定位的形式。
这正好与在车床上钻孔相反。
Cutting Tool for Drilling OperationIn drilling operations, a cylindrical rotary-end cutting tool, called a drill, is employed. The drill can have either one or more cutting edges and corresponding flutes, which can be straight or helical.用于钻削作业的切削刀具在钻削作业中，要用到被称为钻头的圆柱形回转端切削刀具。
机械专业英语1Special English for Mechanical Engineering
Special English for Mechanical Engineering
机械工程专业英语的特点
1. 单词特点
(1) 专业性词汇较多，且词形复杂，记忆难度大。
chrome-moly steel — 铬钼钢
antifriction bearing— 滚动轴承
epicyclic gear— 行星齿轮
A-frame A形架
V-slot V形槽 O-ring O形环
Y-connection Y形连接（星形连接） zigzag wave 锯齿形波
U-shaped magnet 马蹄形磁铁
V-belt 三角皮带
cabinet file 半圆锉
twist drill 麻花钻 X-ray X射线
机械工程专业英语的特点
slide-crank mechanism —曲柄滑块机构
detail drawing — 零件图
four-bar linkage —四连杆机构
构词法
（i）派生法-在一个词的前面或后面加上词缀来构成新词 的方法。
前缀：一般词义变化，词性不变。
anti-反，防；如antiknock抗震的，，antinoise抗噪声的， dis-不，相反；如discharge放电 pre-预先，在前；如preheat预热，preamplifier前置放大器 semi-半：semiconductor半导体，semiautomatic半自动化的
laser
受激辐射式光频放大器镭射
（2）计量单位名称一般用音译。有些还可以进一步简化。
hertz 赫兹（频率） 赫
newton 牛顿（力、重量） 牛
pascal 帕斯卡（压力、强度） 帕 watt 瓦特（功率）瓦
机械工程英语课文翻译9-14
第九章Lapping 研磨Lapping is a finishing operation used on flat and cylindrical surfaces. The lap, shown in Fig.9.1a, is usually made of cast iron, copper, leather, or cloth.研磨是一种用于平面和圆柱面的精加工作业。
研具，如图9.1a所示，通常用铸铁、铜、皮革或布制成。
The abrasive particles are embedded in the lap, or they may be carried through slurry. Depending on the hardness of the workpiece, lapping pressures range from 7kPa to 140kPa (1 to 20 psi).研磨微粒嵌入研具内，或者可以通过液体携带。
根据工件硬度，研磨压力可在7kPa到140kPa(1到20psi)范围中取。
Lapping has two main functions. Firstly, it produces a superior surface finish with all machining marks being removed from the surface. Secondly, it is used as a method of obtaining very close fits between mating parts such as pistons and cylinders.研磨有两个主要作用。
首先，它通过去除所有机加工痕迹能产生较好的表面光洁度。
其次，它能用作获得像活塞与气缸之类配件间过盈配合的方法。
The lapped workpiece surface may look smooth but it is actually filled with microscopic peaks, valleys, scratches and pits. Few surfaces are perfectly flat. Lapping minimizes the surface irregularities, thereby increasing the available contact area.研磨后的工件表面可能看似平滑，其实布满着微观峰、谷、划痕和凹陷。
机械工程专业英语(面试翻译复习资料)
4.学习专业英语翻译技巧与方法的主要内容： (1.介绍和掌握单词与词组的¡°对应关系¡±
•The tube is second to none.
这个管子不亚于任何管子。（首屈一指）
•Monel metal is resistant to both fresh and salt
不能被估计过高。 正确译法：计算机在制造业应用上的重要性 怎么估计也不会过高。
机械工程专业英语概述 English in Mechanical Engineering
3.专业英语与基础英语的不同： 首先，专业英语在词义上具有不同于基础
英语的特点和含义。掌握专业词汇是学好专业 英语的基础，专业词汇的含义和上下文有关， 因此查阅专业书籍的 Index 并参照课文确定词 意是学习和掌握专业词汇的有效方法。
1. 什么是翻译： 翻译就是将一种语言文字的意义用另一
种语言文字表达出来。 机械工程英语翻译就是将机械工程学科
的英语原著由原作语言(source language)用译 文语言(target language)忠实、准确、严谨、通 顺、完整地再现出来，使人们能够借助汉语译 文准确无误地了解英语机械工程著作所阐述 的工程技术内容和科学理论。
。
机械工程专业英语概述 English in Mechanical Engineering
(3.学习改变原文的词类和句子成分的规律， 使译文通顺。
•Scientific evidence must be gathered in such a
way, that other scientists can be sure of its accuracy.
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Unit11、What is the difference between an alloy and a pure metal? Pure metals are elements which come from a particular area of the periodic table. Examples of pure metals include copper in electrical wires and aluminum in cooking foil and beverage cans.合金与纯金属的区别是什么？纯金属是在元素周期表中占据特定位置的元素。
例如电线中的铜和制造烹饪箔及饮料罐的铝。
Alloys contain more than one metallic element. Their properties can be changed by changing the elements present in the alloy. Examples of metal alloys include stainless steel which is an alloy of iron, nickel, and chromium; and gold jewelry which usually contains an alloy of gold and nickel. 合金包含不止一种金属元素。
合金的性质能通过改变其中存在的元素而改变。
金属合金的例子有：不锈钢是一种铁、镍、铬的合金，以及金饰品通常含有金镍合金。
2、 Why are metals and alloys used? Many metals and alloys have high densities and are used in applications which require a high mass-to-volume ratio.为什么要使用金属和合金？许多金属和合金具有高密度，因此被用在需要较高质量体积比的场合。
Some metal alloys,such as those based on aluminum, have low densities and are used in aerospace applications for fuel economy. Many alloys also have high fracture toughness, which means they can withstand impact and are durable.某些金属合金，例如铝基合金，其密度低，可用于航空航天以节约燃料。
许多合金还具有高断裂韧性，这意味着它们能经得起冲击并且是耐用的。
3、The atomic bonding of metals also affects their properties. In m etals, the outer valence electrons are shared among all atoms, and are free to travel everywhere. Since electrons conduct heat and electri city, metals make good cooking pans and electrical wires.金属的原子连结对它们的特性也有影响。
在金属内部，原子的外层阶电子由所有原子共享并能到处自由移动。
由于电子能导热和导电，所以用金属可以制造好的烹饪锅和电线。
It is impossible to see through metals, since these valence electrons absorb any photons of light which reach the metal. No photons pass through. 因为这些阶电子吸收到达金属的光子，所以透过金属不可能看得见。
没有光子能通过金属.4、Some of the useful properties of ceramics and glasses include high melting temperature, low density, high strength, stiffness, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.陶瓷和玻璃的特性高熔点、低密度、高强度、高刚度、高硬度、高耐磨性和抗腐蚀性是陶瓷和玻璃的一些有用特性。
Many ceramics are good electrical and thermal insulators. Some ceramics have special properties: some ceramics are magnetic materials; some are piezoelectric materials; and a few special ceramics are superconductors at very low temperatures. Ceramics and glasses have one major drawback: they are brittle. 许多陶瓷都是电和热的良绝缘体。
某些陶瓷还具有一些特殊性能：有些是磁性材料，有些是压电材料，还有些特殊陶瓷在极低温度下是超导体。
陶瓷和玻璃都有一个主要的缺点：它们容易破碎。
5、 An optical fiber contains three layers: a core made of highly pure glass with a high refractive index for the light to travel, a middle layer of glass with a lower refractive index known as the cladding which protects the core glass from scratches and other surface imperfections, and an out polymer jacket to protect the fiber from damage.光导纤维有三层：核心由高折射指数高纯光传输玻璃制成，中间层为低折射指数玻璃，是保护核心玻璃表面不被擦伤和完整性不被破坏的所谓覆层，外层是聚合物护套，用于保护光导纤维不受损。
In order for the core glass to have a higher refractive index than the cladding, the core glass is doped with a small, controlled amount of an impurity, or dopant, which causes light to travel slower, but does not absorb the light.为了使核心玻璃有比覆层大的折射指数，在其中掺入微小的、可控数量的能减缓光速而不会吸收光线的杂质或搀杂剂。
Because the refractive index of the core glass is greater than that of the cladding, light traveling in the core glass will remain in the core glass due to total internal reflection as long as the light strikes the core/cladding interface at an angle greater than the critical angle. 由于核心玻璃的折射指数比覆层大，只要在全内反射过程中光线照射核心/覆层分界面的角度比临界角大，在核心玻璃中传送的光线将仍保留在核心玻璃中。
The total internal reflection phenomenon, as well as the high purity of the core glass, enables light to travel long distances with little loss of intensity.全内反射现象与核心玻璃的高纯度一样，使光线几乎无强度损耗传递长距离成为可能。
Unit71、The importance of machining processes can be emphasised by the fact that every product we use in our daily life has undergone this pr ocess either directly or indirectly.机加工过程的重要性可通过日常生活使用的每件产品都直接或间接经历这一过程的事实来强调。
(1) In USA, more than $100 billions are spent annually on machining and related operations.(2) A large majority (above 80%) of all the machine tools used in the manufacturing industry have undergone metal cutting.(3) An estimate showed that about 10 to 15% of all the metal produced in USA was converted into chips.(1)在美国，每年花在机加工及其相关作业上的费用都多于千亿美元(2) 用于制造业的全部机床中的大多数(多于80%)都经历过金属切削。
(3) 有估计显示美国生产的所有金属中约10到15%转变成了切屑。
2、Chip Formation 切屑的形成Metal cutting process is a very complex process. Fig.7.2 shows the basic material removal operation schematically.金属切削过程是一个很复杂的过程。
图7.2用图的形式显示了基本材料去除作业。
The metal in front of the tool rake face gets immediately compressed, first elastically and then plastically. This zone is traditionally called shear zone in view of fact that the material in the final form would be removed by shear from the parent metal.在刀具前倾面前的金属直接受到压缩，首先弹性变形然后塑性变形。