儿子与情人 文献综述
儿子与情人中文论文
论《儿子与情人》中的母子关系分析论文摘要：《儿子与情人》被誉为20世纪最具有创新精神的长篇小说之一。
劳伦斯在这本书中，描述了莫奈尔太太跟她的两个儿子，威廉和保罗之间的畸形关系。
由于莫奈尔太太有恋子情结，她像爱情人一样爱着她的儿子们;由于威廉和保罗有恋母情结，他们尤其是保罗都将莫奈尔太太视为自己的情人。
这种畸形关系导致了整个家庭的悲剧，破坏了莫奈尔太太、威廉、保罗和莫奈尔先生的幸福。
畸形的母子关系是这本书的重点之一，因此研究他们之间的关系及其成因是很有价值的。
论文关键词：儿子与情人;畸形关系;恋母情结;恋子情结劳伦斯，20世纪英国作家，是20世纪英语文学中最重要的人物之一，也是最具争议性的作家之一。
主要成就包括小说、诗歌、戏剧、散文、游记和书信。
生于一个煤矿工人家庭。
年轻时当过教师。
劳伦斯创作深受弗洛伊德心理分析学影响。
劳伦斯的作品过多地描写了色情，受到过猛烈的抨击和批评。
但他在作品中力求探索人的灵魂深处，并成功地运用了感人的艺术描写，因此，从他生前直到迄今为止，他的作品一直被世界文坛所重视。
《儿子与情人》是他的力作，也为劳伦斯赢得了广泛的声誉。
这是一部几乎作者本人自传体的小说。
小说的主人公保罗即为劳伦斯自我的影子。
这部作品以十九世纪中叶英格兰中部诺丁汉郡劳伦斯家乡一带煤、铁矿区与水乡阡陌纵横交叉的地带为背景，描述了一幅煤矿工人家庭的生活图景，真实而生动地传达了当时的历史和社会气息。
这部小说的前半部带有很大的自传性，真实地记叙了劳伦斯早年的生活经历。
劳伦斯生于1885年。
父亲是矿工，缺少教育;母亲出身上流社会，有良好的修养。
这种文化上的差异，使他们经常吵吵闹闹。
但这种差异使劳伦斯从父亲那里得到了丰富的社会经验，从母亲那里至高无上的关怀。
也许是母亲过分溺爱，劳伦斯有严重的恋母情结。
他在给朋友的信中说：“我们相互爱着，几乎像丈夫跟妻子那样的爱，同时又是母亲与儿子的爱。
我们俩就像一个人，彼此那样敏感，我们之间不要语言。
儿子与情人-文献综述
文献综述内容与格式要求
文献综述分四部分：前言、主体、总结和参考文献。
一、前言:主要是说明目的和意义,介绍有关的概要、定义以及综述的范围。
扼要说明有关主题的现状或争论焦点,使读者对全文就叙述的问题有一个初步的轮廓。
字数一般在３0０字左右。
二、主体:是综述的基础和核心部分。
其写法是多样的,没有固定的格式。
可按年代顺序综述，也可根据不同问题进行综述，还可以按不同的观点进行综述。
不管那种形式都要将所收集到的文献资料归纳、整理、分析比较评述,主要通过提出问题、分析问题，综合前人文献中提出的理论和事实,比较各种学术的观点，阐明所提出问题的历史,现状以及今后发展的方向，以及对这些问题的评述。
字数一般在250０左右。
三、总结:将全文主题进行扼要总结。
最好能提出自己的见解。
字数一般在１00~200左右。
四、参考文献：是文献综述的主要组成部分，因为它不仅表示对被引用文献作者的尊重及引用文献的依据。
参考文献的编排应条目清晰、查找方便、内容准确无误，格式与毕业论文（设计)参考文献一致。
《儿子与情人》：人性与家庭伦理的纠缠
《儿子与情人》：人性与家庭伦理的纠缠1. 引言1.1 概述在人类社会中，人性与家庭伦理是两个复杂且不可分割的主题。
随着社会的发展和价值观的多元化，家庭关系和伦理道德也面临着前所未有的挑战。
本文将探讨儿子与情人之间产生的纠缠，以及这一现象背后涉及到的人性和家庭伦理问题。
1.2 文章结构本文将分为五个部分进行论述。
首先，在第二部分中，我们将探索人性复杂性与家庭伦理的重要性，并探讨二者之间存在的关系。
接着，在第三部分中，我们将详细研究儿子与情人之间纠缠产生的原因和影响，包括父母的情感困扰、孩子的双重认同困境以及伴侣选择的艰难抉择。
第四部分将聚焦于社会对于儿子与情人关系看法上，并深入探讨道德观念、社会规范以及传统观念与现代价值观冲突等方面。
最后，在第五部分中，我们将对文章内容进行总结，并展望未来的发展趋势和可能的影响。
1.3 目的本文旨在通过分析儿子与情人之间的纠缠，深入探讨人性与家庭伦理之间复杂而微妙的关系。
通过对这一现象的研究，我们可以更好地理解人类社会中多元化、变动性和争议性质的家庭伦理问题，并为未来可能出现的挑战提供一些思考和建议。
注意：以上内容为普通文本，不包含任何链接2. 人性与家庭伦理2.1 人性的复杂性人性是一种极其复杂多样的现象，涵盖了个体思维、情感和行为等方面。
每个人都有自身独特的思维方式和行为模式，这使得人际关系和家庭伦理变得更为复杂。
在家庭中，每个成员都带有各自的个性、需求和欲望，各种情感交织在一起，产生了矛盾、冲突和挑战。
2.2 家庭伦理的重要性家庭是一个基本单元，对于个体发展具有至关重要的影响。
在一个良好的家庭环境下，个体可以获得爱与安全感，并形成积极健康的心理结构。
然而，在家庭中存在着许多伦理问题，例如权力关系、责任分配以及亲密关系等方面。
在家庭伦理中，父母扮演着重要角色。
作为父母，他们既需要满足孩子的需求和期望，又需要履行教育和引导责任。
同时，在该角色中也暴露出了情感困扰、责任压力以及与自身愿望的平衡问题。
《儿子与情人》论文：《儿子与情人》中的男性气质
《儿子与情人》论文：《儿子与情人》中的男性气质【中文摘要】D. H.劳伦斯是20世纪英国的杰出文学家,《儿子与情人》是他的第三部小说,也是他的第一部重要的小说。
故事发生在19世纪工业化的英国,以一个名叫河川区的矿区为背景,描写了矿工莫瑞尔一家的生活以及他的几个子女的成长经历。
国内外许多专家学者从不同视角对《儿子与情人》进行了解读,但大多专注于心理分析或者文本解读,而针对莫瑞尔父子三人男性气质的研究的论文却不多见。
就国内外《儿子与情人》的研究现状而言,评论家主要以心理分析和文本分析为理论依据,围绕文本中的两个主要人物保罗和他的母亲莫瑞尔太太进行分析。
事实上,保罗的父亲莫瑞尔和兄长威廉在小说中也有很重要的地位,他们理应得到关注。
莫瑞尔及其子威廉和保罗的生活经历是三部不同的有关男性气质的历史。
莫瑞尔的经历是一部充满挫折及心酸的历史;威廉的经历是一部激情与不安并存的历史;保罗的经历则是一部有惊无险的历史。
本论文共分三个部分。
第一部分包括《儿子与情人》国内外研究现状的综述、本论文的研究问题、研究、研究方法、及论文的整体框架。
第二部分(论文的第一、二、三、四章)是论文的主干部分,分别论述了男性气质的理论,莫瑞尔,威廉及保罗的男性气质维护和建构历史。
第一章是男性气质研究的简要历史,介绍了这一概念的产生发展史及在不同历史时期的不同体现。
本章还介绍了澳大利亚社会学家康奈尔对不同类型男性气质的界定,说明了莫瑞尔、威廉和保罗分别代表了康奈尔划分的共谋性、支配性边缘性的男性气质。
第二章是关于莫瑞尔受伤的男性气质。
首先论述了莫瑞尔太太如何尽力将丈夫的男性气质消解,及莫瑞尔如何尽最大努力来维护其共谋性男性气质。
其次论述了莫瑞尔家的子女们,在其母亲的教唆下,如何伙同他们的母亲将父亲的男性气质消解掉,及莫瑞尔怎样维护自己作为男性的尊严的。
第三章分析了威廉建构支配性男性气质的过程。
威廉从小就有建立支配性男性气质的雄心,其雄心得到了母亲充分的挖掘与培养。
儿子与情人 文献综述 2014.4.16
On the Image of Mother and Its Influences on Sons in S ons and Lovers 论《儿子与情人》中的母亲形象及其对儿子的影响Literature Review2010级11班熊亮亮Abstract: Sons and Lovers is the famous British writer Laurence’s autobiographical novel in the beginning of the twentieth century, is universally regarded as the masterpiece of Laurence. Since the advent of the book, it has given rise to much controversy in British society and literature. The novel gives unique perspective to reveal us the distortions between mother and son, deformity of love. This thesis paper chooses these two characters Mrs. Morel and Paul in S ons and Lovers as the objects of study. In order to reveal the abnormal attachment relationship between mother and children, here we will analyze the “Oedipus complex”, “Narcissism” and the influences the mother brings to the sons. By reading a lot of scholars’ comments, I have presented the title of my paper from their points of view: On the Image of Mother and Its Influences on Sons in Sons and Lovers.摘要：《儿子与情人》是二十世纪初英国作家劳伦斯的一部自传体小说，被公认为劳伦斯的成名作。
《儿子与情人》并非是对俄狄浦斯情结的继承【文献综述】
文献综述英语《儿子与情人》并非是对俄狄浦斯情结的继承一、前言部分（说明写作的目的，介绍有关概念，扼要说明有关主题争论焦点）《儿子与情人》被认为是D.H.劳伦斯的成名佳作，甚至被一些学者视为是他一生唯一一部重要的小说。
一些评论家认为《儿子与情人》生动完整的体现了弗洛伊德的俄狄浦斯情结。
但是在当时劳伦斯承认对弗洛伊德的作品并不了解，而且在他的《精神分析与潜意识》中提出来与弗洛伊德背道而驰的看法。
事实上，劳伦斯想要表达的是工业文明对人性的抑制并且探索一种两性和谐的男女关系。
所以说运用俄狄浦斯情结来分析这部小说是站不住脚的。
在本文中《儿子与情人》是否诠释了俄狄浦斯情结是贯穿始终的焦点。
要想弄清楚《儿子与情人》是否诠释了俄狄浦斯情结我们首先应该对“俄狄浦斯情结”的有个基本的了解。
根据维基百科(2009)的解释：“恋母情结（Oedipus Complex，也译作“俄狄浦斯情结”或“伊底帕斯情结”），是指儿子亲母反父的复合情结。
它是弗洛伊德主张的一种观点。
这一名称来自希腊神话王子俄狄浦斯（Oedipus）的故事。
俄狄浦斯违反意愿，无意中杀父娶了母亲。
根据弗洛伊德的理论，在人类发展的早期，父亲拥有对其姐妹和女儿独占的性权利。
于是儿子进行反抗，杀掉父亲并吃掉。
由于感到罪孽深重，儿子压抑了对母亲、姐妹和他的女儿的性欲。
乱伦禁忌和族外婚就是这样产生的。
弗洛伊德认为俄狄浦斯情结普遍存在于人的潜意识中:“我们早就注定第一个性冲动的对象是母亲，而第一个仇恨暴力的对象却是父亲。
”这一概念经常被用来解释文学作品中的人物形象和人物关系，用于探讨人物行为的动机。
而劳伦斯的成名作《儿子与情人》则常被用作分析的典型例子。
1916年，阿·布·库特纳(Alfred Booth Kuttner) 在《精神分析学评论》（The Psychoanalytic Review）中发表文章《<儿子与情人>：弗洛伊德派的鉴赏》。
劳伦斯《儿子与情人》文献综述
论《儿子与情人》中男主人公保罗的悲剧文献综述专业: 班级:姓名: 指导老师:摘要：本文客观、公正地综合整理了国内外关于英国二十世纪作家戴·赫·劳伦斯的《儿子与情人》中关于保罗的悲剧的相关研究资料，对小说中造成保罗悲剧的各种因素进行整理，试图从社会、家庭、个人三个方面归纳当前国内外关于《儿子与情人》中保罗的悲剧产生的原因研究的价值和不足之处，并指出继续研究的意义和价值。
关键词：《儿子与情人》；保尔；悲剧；研究《儿子与情人》是英国作家戴维·赫伯特·劳伦斯(1885—1930)的重要代表作之一。
这部小说自1913年问世以来,就以其坦率、大胆的描写,深刻的心理分析吸引着千万读者,大受读者喜爱。
《儿子与情人》是劳伦斯的半自传体小说，正是劳伦斯的亲身经历使劳伦斯对人物的心理分析得淋漓尽致，给人以真实感。
《儿子与情人》通过对保罗的悲剧的描写，批判了工业文明对人的精神的压迫，对人性和家庭关系的扭曲。
保罗的悲剧是《儿子与情人》是小说的一个重要主题，保罗的悲剧是那个时代无数英国青年的缩影，是时代的悲剧。
而保尔的悲剧是多种因素导致的。
而这也是国内外作家对《儿子与情人》研究分析的一个重要方向，对于理解整部小说有极大的意义。
笔者主要通过阅读《儿子与情人》中英文版和译本，以及在网络（主要是中国知网），书籍，报刊上查找了将近80篇相关研究评论，根据自己对这一论文的想法对这些文章加以筛选，选出了12篇有直接参考价值的论文进行研读。
一、国外研究现状劳伦斯的《儿子与情人》是西方文学史上最具争议的小说之一。
西方文学界对《儿子与情人》的态度褒贬不一,有些批评家甚至公开批评劳伦斯及其作品。
英国女作家艾略特曾说过：“《儿子与情人》的出版标志着一种人类堕落的逐步深化过程。
”T·S·艾略特遗责他在感情上是个异教徒, “呆头呆脑的歌唱赞美诗的虔信主义”或腐败的新教徒教义的产物。
但是，也有很多西方学者很欣赏劳伦斯的作品，特别是《儿子与情人》。
论劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》中人性的异化-毕业论文
---文档均为word文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印--- 摘要：《儿子与情人》是劳伦斯早期的成名作。
历来人们对它的主题众说纷纭，不同于国外学者多从弗洛伊德的心理分析来研究作品。
本文主要从人物关系，尤其是家庭伦理关系的角度出发来探讨工业文明和物质文明的飞速发展对人的异化。
分别从人与他人、自我、社会几个方面来深入的探讨异化的表现以及异化的深层次原因。
所谓的物质文明的发展压抑束缚了人的自然个性将现代文明的罪恶和丑陋暴露了出来，这也表现这作者自己的道德观，呼吁着自然人性的回归对我们当今建设和谐社会，建立道德的评价尺度有重要的意义。
关键词：母子关系；异化；伦理Abstract：《Sons and lovers》is Lawrence's early works. Traditionally people opinions vary of its theme, is different from foreign scholars to come from Freud's psychoanalysis research works. This article explores the rapid development of industrial civilization and material civilization of human alienation mainly from the character relationship, especially the perspective of family ethics relationship. From people with others and self, social aspects to further explore the deep-seated reasons for the performance of the alienation and alienation. So-called the development of material civilization repressive shackles of man's natural character expose the evils of modern civilization and ugly, this is the author's own morality, calling for the natural humanity's return to our today's construction of a harmonious society, establish the moral evaluation scale has an important significance.Key words：The relationship between mother and son ,alienation, ethical绪论：整个西方自从二战以后面临着巨大的挑战，社会经济结构巨变。
《儿子与情人》简介
《儿子与情人》简介《儿子与情人》是一部由知名作家李华创作的小说，讲述了一个家庭中发生的复杂情感纠葛。
本作通过细腻的描写和流畅的叙述展现了人际关系、人性的多种表现。
下面将为你带来对这部小说的简要介绍。
本小说的主要情节发生在二十世纪末的都市生活中。
故事围绕着一对年过半百的夫妻展开，他们有一个成年的儿子。
老夫妻的婚姻生活变得平淡而缺乏激情，而儿子却意外地爱上了同性恋。
这个情感冲突引发了一系列的故事发展。
小说中的人物形象刻画十分细腻，让读者可以感受到人物内心的情感波澜。
无论是父母的踌躇和犹豫，还是儿子内心的挣扎和追求自我，都以真实的方式呈现在读者面前。
作者运用了大量的描写手法，使得人物形象更立体、更有血有肉。
小说着重展现了传统与现代、理想与现实之间的冲突。
父母代表了传统观念和家庭矛盾，他们无法理解儿子发展自己的生活方式。
而儿子则代表了现代社会人的追求和对个人自由的渴望。
他们之间的矛盾冲突体现了时代的变迁和不同价值观之间的对立。
另外，本作着重探讨了人与人之间的关系与情感。
作者通过描写儿子与他的同性伴侣之间的感情纠葛，以及夫妻之间的误解与争吵，展示了人类情感的复杂性和多变性。
读者可以从故事中体会到爱情、亲情和友情的种种变化与化学反应。
此外，小说中也有一些富有哲理的句子，不仅令人印象深刻，还给读者带来了对人生思考的启示。
这些句子对于理解故事的深层含义和主题非常重要。
总体来说，小说《儿子与情人》通过细腻的描写和独特的叙事手法，完美地展现了人性的复杂性和情感的多变性。
读者不仅可以欣赏到美妙的文学风格，更能从中思考和感悟人生的意义。
这部小说融合了社会现实与个人情感，引人深思，值得一读。
汉语言文学论文 浅析《儿子与情人》的女性悲剧
前言英国作家劳伦斯的《儿子与情人》是一部极富自传色彩的著作，主要描写的是主人公保罗的个人成长经历，但它仍以鲜明的人物形象，深刻的文艺主题倍受文学评论者的关注。
在这部小说中，作者以细腻的笔触刻画了一系列真实生动的女性形象：莫瑞尔太太，米丽安，克莱拉等。
当时英国正处于社会大变革时期，农村自然经济濒于解体，资产阶级对工人的压榨也愈发加剧，人的自然性被现代工业文明逐渐的异化，现代人越来越沦为机械的附庸，煤矿工人沃尔特.莫瑞尔就是其中一员。
男权社会中的男性中心意识也深深影响着人们，同时，女权主义运动刚刚兴起，女性意识逐渐觉醒，小说中的三位主要女性，莫瑞尔太太，米丽安，克莱拉，就生活在这一环境下，她们都为自己的生活而努力奋斗，但最终都没能逃脱她们的悲剧性命运。
一从女性主体意识的觉醒中看女性悲剧命运女人是社会的重要组成部分，女性与男性一样在推动社会发展中起着巨大的作用。
但是长期以来，男尊女卑的观念深深影响着人们，女性处于受压迫的地位，是男性的附属品，长期以来形成的社会观念，社会制度束缚着女性，这促使女性自觉或不自觉的进行各种形式的反抗和斗争，以企图改变这种不合理的社会现象。
直到19世纪末，资本主义工业文明迅速发展，女性逐渐走向社会，女性意识觉醒。
小说中的莫瑞尔太太就是其中的一位，她出身中产阶级，受过良好的教育，她与莫瑞尔是在一次圣诞舞会上认识的，出身底层的莫瑞尔身上不加雕饰的自然美吸引了她，在婚后六个月的幸福生活后，紧接而来的是生活的压力，由于俩人受教育程度的差异，他们根本没有精神的交流，于是，精神上的抑郁，生活上的压迫，让莫瑞尔太太少女时期的梦彻底破灭了。
两人阶级的不同，也导致了他们价值观的不同，冲突是无可避免的。
莫瑞尔太太性格孤傲，倔强，是一个有抱负的新时代女性，但是维多利亚时期遗留下来的男权意识仍然影响着人们，乃至控制了整个社会，“在观念领域里，性格的社会差异表现为社会已经建构起并不断再生产着一系列男强女弱，男主外女主内以及女性应当从属于男性的两性关系的价值观念和意识形态，形成了一整套表达性别差异的象征和符号。
“恋子情结”在《儿子与情人》一文中的体现
2014.09先锋文论 内容提要：《儿子与情人》是英国现代派小说家劳伦斯的作品。
文中描写了莫雷尔夫人在婚后生活中失去对丈夫的情感依托后，对儿子保罗表现出超越正常母爱的情感，是一种典型的“恋子情结”。
本文将在分析作品内外人物关系、情感纠葛和情感投射的基础上， 着重对“恋子情结”这种畸形之爱的历史渊源、理论依据和现实表现、造成的危害及产生的原因作了详细的阐述和分析。
关键词：儿子 情人 莫雷尔夫人 恋子情结 一、《儿子与情人》作品内容简介文中的母亲莫雷尔夫人在婚后生活中才发现，丈夫为人粗鲁，加上生活的拮据，使她逐渐讨厌丈夫，但孩子接二连三地诞生，又使她无法逃离婚姻生活，对丈夫的情感，逐渐转移到儿子身上。
这种情感越来越偏离正常轨道，等到保罗真正长大，成为一个绅士的时候，谎言，冷言冷语，旁敲侧击，这些成了莫雷尔夫人干扰别的女人进入儿子情感世界的武器。
因为畸形的爱，导致莫雷尔夫人无法正常看待儿子的情感，不能给出理性的建议。
并且和保罗的两个追求者，米利安、克拉拉展开了对保罗情感的争夺。
文章里依次出现三个女人，莫雷尔夫人，米莉安，克拉拉，通过对着三个女性之间感情纠葛的描写，侧面展示了本来一个优秀青年保罗的心灵成长历程，在这部小说里面，由于父亲的粗暴，加之长期不和父亲在一起，保罗在情感上偏向母亲莫雷尔夫人。
依恋母亲，必然对父亲的所作所为产生了强烈的憎恨， 文中母子关系的描写被认为是“俄狄浦斯情结”的典型病例。
保罗对母亲的依恋，也得到母亲莫雷尔夫人的“积极”鼓励和回应，保罗在得到默许后更加肆意妄为，莫雷尔夫人也拼命用“爱”来把成年的儿子拴在自己身边，但无论怎样，这种爱是不正常的，是畸形的，扭曲的，它不仅影响了保罗的心理发展， 而且对于莫雷尔夫人也是一种折磨。
二、 《儿子与情人》的现实来源《儿子与情人》文中人物复杂纠结的情感关系，正是作者劳伦斯自己实际生活的一种折射。
劳伦斯的母亲，利迪亚·劳伦斯在结婚前曾是一名教师，从自身所从事的职业和所受的教育上，她的学识和智商都高于丈夫，但由于年轻时的单纯和阅历的简单，一时着迷，就嫁给了采矿工阿瑟。
英语专业毕业论文—《儿子与情人》的主题分析
毕业论文题目 On the Theme of Sons and Lovers 院系外国语学院专业英语年级 2008级学生姓名学号指导教师On the Theme of Sons and Lovers论《儿子与情人》的主题学生指导教师摘要：《儿子与情人》是劳伦斯早期作品中最著名的一部，也是他的成名作。
尽管此书曾遭受过被禁的厄运，但在其解禁至今的几十年内引起了读者的关注，并获得了文学上的肯定。
书中，劳伦斯逼真地再现了20世纪初英国矿工家庭的生活，并揭示了在工业文明的影响下，人们为争取更高的经济和社会地位所付出的惨痛代价。
小说以主人公保罗的家庭本身及自己的情感生活为中心，着重描写了人物内心强烈深沉的情感，以及人与人之间在那个社会环境下不能自已的爱恨情仇。
本论文试图从莫瑞儿一家的不幸生活来对《儿子与情人》的主题进行较为详细深刻的分析，比如：夫妻失和导致莫瑞尔太太的情感转移；一直引以为傲的大儿子的死带给母亲的巨大打击；保罗接替威廉成为莫瑞尔太太生命的全部；由于母亲从小对儿子们倾注所有，并在其思想上有一定的控制，因此导致儿子们无法拥有一段正常的，成功的恋爱生活等等。
而这一系列情感悲剧的真实根源来自于工业文明下诸多的社会问题以及不和谐的人际关系，这也同样是本文的最终主题。
关键词：劳伦斯；《儿子与情人》；畸形母爱；恋母情结；工业文明ABSTRACTSons and Lovers is the one of the most significant works of David Herbert Lawrence as well as his first big success. Although this book once suffered being prohibited, it drew readers' attentions and gained recognitions in literature rapid ly in a few decades after being rescind the prohibition. In this book, Lawrence realistically reproduces a British miner's family life in the twentieth century with realistic technique, and exposes that in order to strive for higher economic and social sta tus, people needs to pay a heavy price under the influence of industrial civilization. The novel mainly depicts the deep and intense emotion in people's inner world, and focuses on the love and hatred between people which they cannot control under that social circumstance, with the protagonist's family itself and his love life as its center. Therefore, this thesis attempts to analyze the theme of Sons and Lovers in detail from the Morels' misfortunes, such as the failed marriage results in Mrs Morel's shift in sentiment; the death of William who is always the hope of his mother brings about a huge blow to Mrs. Morel; Paul becomes the whole of his mother's life instead of William; Mrs.Morel's devotions to her sons and controls of their minds result that they fail to possess normal and successful love lives and so on. While, the roots of the series of tragedies are the social problems and disharmonious relations brought about by the industrial civilization , which is also the theme of Sons and Lovers.Key W ords: wrence; Sons and Lovers; deformed Love; Oedipus complex; industrial civilizationContentsIntroduction (1)Part I A Failure in Marriage (4)1.1 Mrs. Morel's Dream of Marriage (4)1.2 A Marriage of Love and Hatred (4)1.3 Mrs Morel's Changed Attitude to Her Husband (5)Part II Mrs Morel, William and His Girl Friend (7)2.1 William's Social Success (7)2.2 William and His Girl Friend (7)2.3 Mrs. Morel's View of William's Death (8)Part III Mrs. Morel, Paul and Miriam (10)3.1 Mrs. Morel's Expectation of Paul (10)3.2 Miriam's Influence on Paul (11)3.3 Mrs. Morel's Dislike of Miriam (12)Conclusion (14)Bibliography (16)Acknowledgments (17)四川大学锦江学院本科毕业论文论《儿子与情人》的主题IntroductionDavid Herbert Lawrence is one of the most unique and controversial English writer s in the twentieth century, whose masterpieces are Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, Women in Love, and Lady Chatterley's Lovers. He was born in a miner family without notable reputation and high diploma. What makes him so distinctive is his talent. His creations are deeply influenced by family background and Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis, which result in the fact that his works are mostly exploring family, marriage and sex. What is more, Lawrence’s bold descriptions of sex in his books once triggered off a tremendous splash and were forbidden for a long time. Therefore, he complained that nobody could understand his writings in three hundred years (wrence). For Lawrence, he insisted that the fade of sex led to spiritual barrenness and un-civilization of English, and Britain would not come back to life until letting sex return to its natural condition (毕冰宾). After the prohibition against his works was rescinded, he soon became popular and welcomed by general public.Sons and Lovers is one of Lawrence's most important novels, which is regarded as an autobiographical novel and breaks the writing conventions of the former writers. He depicts the protagonists' complicated inner world from his special view, lyrical style, vivid details, and bold idea s. It is not only a novel presenting the author's real life, revealing the ugliest aspect s of society in nineteenth and twentieth centuries, of all round dirty mines and miners' miserable conditions, but also exposing various contradictions and problems arising with the development of capitalistic industrial civilization, of distorted human relationships and negative physical and mental influence on human beings (张文静). Therefore, this novel is a masterwork in English literary history and world literature that is worth exploring.Some scholars focus on Mrs. Morel's deformed love for Paul. Mrs. Morel is a well-educated woman from a middle class family, so her marriage with Mr. Morel – a miner with coarse speech and bad temper –dooms to be a failure. After her disappointment of her husband and desperation of her marriage, Mrs. Morel devotes1all her love to her children. Therefore, Paul becomes her only hope and emotional trust after William's death. She not only continuously encourages and supervises Paul to edge into the middle classes and polite society, but also controls him in spirit and interferes with his courtship. Because in her eyes that Paul is her lover, and is part and parcel of her life, which satisfies her emotional need of not just being a mother, but also a wife and a woman. However, both of them are suffering from this kind of possessive love (甄桂英；尹树文；杨琳).Some scholars focus on Paul's Oedipus complex. As a psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud, Oedipal Complex means a boy's desire to possess his mother sexually and oppose to his father in an unconscious way. Oedipus Complex derives from a Greek mythology in the fifth century B. C.. It tells that the king of Thebes, Oedipus, unwittingly kills his father and marries his mother, then brings disaster on his city and family (Oedipus). While, in Sons and Lovers, it mainly depicts the lingering feeling of love between the mother and the son. Paul’s emotional attachment to his mother is generally regarded as Oedipus complex. Mrs. Morel's control of Paul's soul and feelings, and her abnormal mother love accepted by Paul result in that he is largely dependent on his mother. On one hand, he is a boy who is sensitive to mother's troubles and likes staying even sleeping with her. He is also full of responsibility to her. Because of this, he often curses his father to die. On the other hand, he indulges in the Oedipus complex too deep to get rid of his mother's fatal influences when he dates with his girl friend. And he cannot really fall in love with anyone. Therefore, he gradually realizes that he is unable to get married only if his mother is alive (刘国英；李晋瑜；程明静, 卓杨；王毅).Some scholars focus on the root of family tragedy of the industrial civilization. The early twentieth century of Britain was a period of industrial revolutio n. At that time, the majority of people were happy for the huge profits and economy growth. D.H. Lawrence, however, realized the destructiveness. He believed that industrial civilization improved the human beings' material civilization, but at the same time seriously destroyed the original harmonious relation between people，suppressed the human nature, ruined the person's physical and mental health. In Sons and Lovers, allkinds of distorted human relationships are resulted from those unharmonious elements of modern civilization. And a series of tragedies are produced like the "domino effect". The industrial civilization puts Mr. Morel, a miner, in a tough living conditions. Under the great pressure of life, his marriage is at risk. Facing the massive differences between the before-marriage and the after-marriage, as well as the ideal and the reality, Mrs. Morel estranges her husband but gets close to her sons, which leads to excessive intimate mother-child relationships. Then the intricate family ties deprive the sons of abilities to fall in love with other girls normally. Therefore, the tragedy of last generation extends to the next generation. That's why we can say industrial civilization is the evil root (刘国英；张文静；武瑞).In my opinion, the theme of Sons and Lovers is involved in the abnormal interrelationships and their main causes.Part I A Failure in Marriage1.1 Mrs. Morel's Dream of MarriageMrs. Morel is a well-educated lady with pious faith. In a Christmas ball, she falls in love with the handsome and humorous Walter Morel, and then they get married. Because of different family and educational backgrounds, they are also different in outlook on life (覃艳容)."Mrs. Morel came of a good old burgher family, famous independentswho had fought with Colonel Hutchinson, and who remained scoutCongregationalist...Gertrude resembled her mother in a small build. Buther temper, proud and unyielding, she had from the Coppards "(Lawrence6).What's more, Mrs. Morel's ideal type husband should like her father who is a cultured gentleman with masculinity and belief. "Her father was to her the type of all men "(Lawrence 8). Therefore, she is fascinated when she meets the "well set-up, erect, and very smart"(Lawrence 7). Walter Morel. And she expects to marry a miner who is full of charm and vigor, with independent economy, own house and bank savings. But at the seventh month after marriage, she finds that her husband is a poor and indebted man. This accidental discovery shatters her dream (覃艳容).1.2 A Marriage of Love and HatredIt seems that the marriage between Mr. Morel and Mrs Morel is a tragedy, because both of them are suffering from it. On one hand, Mrs. Morel is disappointed with her husband who reconciles to ordinary life, wallows in enjoying life and makes no efforts to improve the living conditions and gain respects. She also hates him for drinking heavily, and being rude to her as well as the children."The pity was, she was too much his opposite. She could not be contentwith the little he might be; she would have him the much that he ought tobe. So, in seeking to make him nobler than he could be, she destroyedhim"(Lawrence 12).On the other hand, Mr. Morel can't withstand the request, arrogance and aggressiveness of his wife. He is just an ordinary miner who wants to live freely without too much luxury."She fought to make him undertake his responsibilities, to make himfulfill his obligations. But he was too different from her. His nature waspurely sensuous, and she strove to make him moral, religious. She tried toforce him to face things. He could not endure it-it drove him out of hismind"(Lawrence 11).However, we can still find couple's warmth and affection between them. For example, she defends for him before neighbors; she feels silly after quarreling with him for cutting William's hair; she experiences warmth and peace on the bed hearing the sound he made in the garden; she wants a kiss from him when she is giving birth; she still speaks highly of his nice figure even he is already a middle-aged man; she is so grieved for his illness."...she was almost a fanatic with him, because she loved him, or had loved him"(Lawrence 12). As for Mr. Morel, he is attracted by his wife all the time. Most times, he is afraid of her, and follows her directions. He feels sorry for scolding and beating her, sympathizes with her laborious business."During his illness his wife had spoilt him a little. Now he wanted her tocontinue. He often put his band to his head, pulled down the comers ofhis mouth, and shamed pains he did not feel"(Lawrence 32).For theses reasons, there are not only fights and contradictions, but also pleasant memories in this relationship. And just because love and hatred both exist in the marriage, their emotions are complex and agonizing.1.3 Mrs Morel's Changed Attitude to Her HusbandAfter marriage, the cruel reality shatters Mrs. Morel's dream as a young girl. She maintains the essential family living and raises her children up in a dreadful condition. At the same time, Mr. Morel is not a gentle and thoughtful man any more.With heavy manual work and burden of family life, he begins to drink heavily, be rude and unreasonable, and vents his anger on his wife and children. This triggers of a discordant and hostile relationship. Mrs. Morel gradually changes her attitudes to her husband along with the birth of children and the broken love.The first time she starts to change her attitude is that she sees through her husband's lies and knows what they live in now is a rented house. "She said very little to her husband, but her manner had changed towards him. Something in her proud, honorable soul had crystallized out hard as rock" (Lawrence 10). She is extremely lonely and sad for the disillusioned dream. So she despises her husband, and turns from him to the child. She cares very little that he does. Only, she scathes him with her satire on his return . And then they become emotionally estranged from each other.With the birth of their second child, Mrs. Morel doesn't crate trouble for herself by not fighting with him like before and not thinking of his hateful behaviors. Therefore, "there was a state of peace in the house for some time. Mrs. Morel was more tolerate of him, … Neither knew that she was more tolerate because she loved him less"(Lawrence 32). At this moment, Mrs. Morel's calm attitude is not yielding to her husband or marriage, but giving up, because love is ebbing in an unspectacular way.The last change is the end of their love and marriage. Mrs. Morel no longer spends time in arguing uselessly with him. She shows him completely indifference and unconcern which drives out him from her world, then devotes to two sons with her life. As one proverb says that the opposite of love is not hatred, but unconcern. This time, Mr. Morel has a feeling of being abandoned, and realizes that "it was really over between them"(Lawrence 33).Part II Mrs Morel, William and His Girl Friend2.1 William's Social SuccessWilliam is the eldest son in the Morel family who is brilliant and excellent. He is always the proud of his parents from childhood, and gains social success by tirelessly pursuing his ideal life. At the age of thirteen, he begins his first job. Then he becomes one of the best stenographers and bookkeepers. In his nineteen, he gets a job in Nottingham for thirty shillings a week which is admired by neighbors,but he still studies till very late. Finally he finds a job in London with one hundred and twenty pounds per year which is a huge amount of income."In London he found that he could associate with men far above hisBestwood friends in station...so he began to fancy himself as a great gun.He was, indeed, rather supervised at the ease with which he became agentleman"(Lawrence 63).Although his living environment is rather poor, and family is unhappy, he enters into the gentry class all the same by his own. He can make friends everywhere for his extroverted character, and challenge authority for his sense of justice. He can do all the things that men do-the decent things (Lawrence 37). What's more, he can give dual attention on enjoyment and learning. All of these contribute to his social success.2.2 William and His Girl FriendWilliam is deeply loved by Mrs. Morel for his excellence, and wants to get rid of the trammel of motherly love. So the courtship becomes the only way to save him. He begins to pursue a Gypsy girl, Lily, who is beautiful in appearance but simple in mind, and is even engaged with her despite his mother's opposition. William should be happy at this moment, but he feels a strong sense of complications and contradictions in the love between his girl friend and him.On one hand, William is always accompanied by his mother and influenced by her complicated character, arrogance and stubbornness. In addition to that he reads alot of books, and he looks down upon the foolishness and decadence of the upper class. Lily understands nothing except for amorism and following fashion. "But often he got irritable. She had brought, for an eight-days' stay, five dresses and six blouses".(Lawrence 91) So William has a deep aversion to his fiancée with the expectation of a kindred spirit, not a noisy lover who just regards him as a machine to pay her bills. Besides, he never makes disguise of his disdain and scorn to Lily in front of his mother, and even digs at her to his mother's face. "Read a book! Why, she's never read a book in her life" (Lawrence 92). On the other hand, he inherits his father's emotional side which let him yearn for the ardent and passionate love life. He can't resist Lily's fantastic appearance and treats her tenderly (刘芳).Just because William fails to reach the balance between reason and emotion, the love between his girl friend and him is also contradictory and torturous. We can get this from the description of Lawrence."William was silent, and later he repented, kissed and comforted the girl.Y et it was true, what he had said. He hated her...All summer longWilliam's letters had a feverish tone; he seemed unnatural and intense.Sometimes he was exaggeratedly jolly, while usually he was flat andbitter in his letter"(Lawrence 94).2.3 Mrs. Morel's View of William's DeathMrs. Morel gives lives to her sons who also naturally become the spokesmen of her life. So she takes for granted that sons' successes are her triumph. It likes a guaranty that sons' lives are mortgaged to their mother for being taught and guided. Then William is accepted by London's upper class soon which brings comfort and honor to her mother who is struggling in adversity. However, fate always likes to push people into the abyss when he is full of hope. William's short life is gone with wind without blossoming. After his death, Mrs. Morel is in a trance. And her hopes come to naught."In the house she was the same-small, white, and mute. She noticednothing, she said nothing...then she relapsed into the same mute lookinginto space...Mrs. Morel could not be persuaded, after this, to talk and takeher old bright interest in life. She remained shut off"(Lawrence 97-99).Although she is extremely upset, she never realizes the real cause of her son's death. She just thinks that he dies from overwork. Because, she knows that he is a hard-working boy, "and she knew he sat up afterwards in his cold bedroom grinding away at Latin, because he intended to get on his office, and in the law as much as he could".(Lawrence 64) Even the whispered words he says when he is dying is about his work.In fact, it's Mrs. Morel's excessive demand of emotion and dominance that causes this tragedy. And she never knows that her aggressive interference and sentimental infiltration give rise to the departure. On the one hand, he has to bear his profligate fiancée in material, and doubts her loyalty of love in spirit; on the other hand, he must endure his mother's control and occupation of his mind. This kind of pressure from body and mental leads to his death (章学文).Part III Mrs. Morel, Paul and Miriam3.1 Mrs. Morel's Expectation of Paul"Paul was rather a delicate boy, subject to bronchitis. The others were all quiet strong, so this was another reason for his mother's difference in feeling for him"(Lawrence 46). Especially, after the death of William, Paul becomes the only hope of Mrs. Morel who gives him all her love. "In him was established her life now. After all, the life beyond offered very little to Mrs. Morel. She saw that our chance for doing is here, and doing counted with her"(Lawrence 158). In addition to that she has a certain degree of cultural cultivation, so she eagerly hopes that her son can gain higher economic and social status. She urges him to work hard, be free of mining areas, and encourages him to prefer niceness, such as flowers, sunset or some beautiful gadget (刘积源). Besides, Paul also turns into her target of venting the inner world's anguish. Every night, she waits for his coming, unburdens herself and tells him what occurs in the whole day. She has mind control on him to stop him from loving another people, which can make up for her regret of having a disappointing husband and unhappy marriage that only exist in name. Therefore, Paul is not just his mother's son but also a lover to satisfy her both in material and spirit. Mrs. Morel expects Paul to realize all her unfilled dreams.With regarded to Mrs. Morel's expectations, Paul gives her enthusiastic response. He is largely dependent on her and extremely sympathizes with her sufferings from childhood. As long as he stays with her, he is full of love and responsibility. "...he also could not bear to go home to his mother empty. That, he felt, would disappoint her, and he would have died rather" (Lawrence 48). For these reasons, he hates his father who is an incapable husband, irritable drunkard, and destroys the family's happiness. Sometimes, he even curses his father to die. His ambition is that living with he mother in a small house where is not far away from home after her father passing away. Mrs. Morel occupies the most important place in Paul's heart and is the one he really loves.3.2 Miriam's Influence on PaulMiriam is Paul's first love who is a beautiful girl with curly black hair. She is shy and sensitive with strong religious faith. Even the slightest vulgar behaviour is an agony for her. Although she defies men, Paul commands her respect with a brand new image and a little learning. She is fascinated by him. Hence, she wants to build up a genuine and platonic relationship with Paul.There are pure appearance and source of ideas what an artist needs upon Miriam. Paul is always eager to show her his every piece of work after getting it done on account of that she will speak highly of his works all the time, even sometimes they are unintentional. Meanwhile, he can acquire a lager imaginary space when he is discussing the works with her. And with Miriam's encouragement, Paul's desire to paint is much more intense (张慧军). Plus, he also can talk about celebrities, poems and culture, exchange ideas with her, which enhances his insight and lets him have a more profound understanding of other things. In this regard, Miriam is different from Mrs. Morel who does not care about Paul's art but himself and his achievement. Miriam pays attention to the art itself, and his personality.In the process of dating with Miriam, Paul absorbs pure sense and soul exchange from her which are needed by personal growth. We can say that her love helps him heading for maturity in spirit (张慧军). Miriam is Paul's soul mate who gives him the spiritual comforts. But about sex, her religious faith leads her to consider it dirty and stick to the concept of virginity."...because of the continual business of birth and of begetting which goeson upon every farm, Miriam was the more hypersensitive to the matter,and her blood was chastened almost to disgust of the faintest suggestionof such intercourse" (Lawrence 115).So, Paul follows her and restrains his desire by all means. He is always in a detached state to transform his fire of love into the subtle consciousness. He would rather suffer from it than hurt her feelings, because the sacred sentiment of his mother is offended by his father. He won't let it happen again. However, in the bottom ofPaul's heart, the true love is not only in mind, but also in body. Hence, he is tortured by their platonic love and decides to leave her.3.3 Mrs. Morel's Dislike of MiriamMrs. Morel rests her hopes and affections on her sons through her disillusion of her husband. After the death of her beloved William, she devotes all efforts in Pa ul, which develops into a deformed motherly love. She takes great care of him in life, and regards him as a love object in spirit. She attempts to possess all his emotions. And she is very pleased to go out with him after freshening up shyly, which is the happiest moment in her life. In her eyes, Paul is her lover to fill her emotional vacancy and fulfill her aspirations. As a result, she is always on the alert to prevent anybody and anything from tempting him to deviate from the goal of life which is set by her. But before long, Miriam enters into their world and falls in love with Paul. Mrs. Morel has a feeling of hurt about Paul and hatred about Miriam immediately when they are together. So "She could not bear it when he was with Miriam. William was dead. She would fight to keep Paul" (Lawrence 158).Miriam is a girl with religious and charming temperament. Her platonic love controls Paul's mind to a certain degree. He goes to her home frequently and goes back late at night. He likes to stay and chat with her which let them grow very close. Mrs. Morel is irritated by all of these. She complains to Paul that "...I am old. And therefore I may stand aside; I have nothing more to do with you. Y ou only want me to wait on you-the rest is for Miriam"(Lawrence 151). And she hates Miriam who wants to possess Paul as she does. She feels that her son's soul is taken away by this girl and "She's not like an ordinary woman, who can leave me my share in him. She wants to absorb him"(Lawrence 136). Hence, she often bad-mouths Miriam before Paul and pours out her anguish. Besides, she even tells him that she never has a real husband to profess her love bluntly. In order to defeat Miriam completely, she does not oppose strongly to the fact that Paul is dating with another girl who is a couple of years older than her, because this woman presents no threat to her.Paul becomes increasingly impatient and sullen, as he is caught in the middle between Miriam and Mrs. Morel. He is cruel to Miriam and quarrels with his mother. Both of them are hurt. However, Mrs. Morel blames these negative changes on Miriam. She hates Miriam because she believes that this vicious girl changes Paul into this and destroys their happiness.Miriam is a devote believer and has an unrealistic attitude about life, which is contradictory to Mrs. Morel again who is a practical woman. Just as on the matter of Paul's artistic development, Miriam focuses on his art itself, while Mrs. Morel pays attention to the achievement that the art brings. Gradually, Paul begins to depend solely on Miriam along with his enhanced artistic level and excludes her mother in this respect, which turns into Mrs. Morel's another reason to hate Miriam (张思武).Mrs. Morel is an arrogant woman for her family background. So she hopes that her son can marry a notable maiden who is well-matched with him to consolidate his social position in the middle class. Miriam has a humble origin which is disdained by Mrs. Morel. And at last, Paul indeed doesn't marry Miriam and breaks up with her for several reasons. But Mrs. Morel's strong dislike for Miriam and her pressure on Paul must be much harder to ignore as their separation factors.ConclusionBritain experienced an industrial revolution in the nineteenth century, and entered into the era of industrial civilization. In society at that time, people's natural living environment was damaged, while flesh and spirit were suppressed and damaged. So the relations between people, especially the gender relations lost balance. Sons and Lovers mainly depicts a series of tragedies caused by the disharmonious gender relations under the industrial civilization in nineteenth century (庞炜).Mr. Morel is a miner who is struggling for a minimal living. After a long time of hard work bay by day, he is reduced to a slavery of industrial society without dignity and happiness. He becomes rude, insolent and an alcoholic binge. However, he marries a lady who is well-bred from middle class. She is resentful about her husband's rudeness and the family condition. Then couple's conflicts and unhappy marriage distort the relations between family members.The imbalanced gender relations in the era of the industrial civilization were also represented by gender inequality. At that time, female is at the bottom of society. But they were called "angle in the house". Although they were in low position, they are priority in morality(陆伟芳). In the novel, Miriam is often humiliated by her brothers at home. So she thinks that all men are savages. She longs for a meaningful life, but there is no space to let satisfy her in reality. She only can hold unpractical imagines. Hence, she just wants to have a platonic love with Paul, and rigorously avoids everything about sex. Then conflicts come into being because Paul eventually can't bear Miriam's traditional concept of sex. He is a common people with sexuality awareness. And this is the major cause of their separation.The highly industrialized society urges more and more people to promote their economic and social status by all means. And Mrs. Morel is one of them. Her dissatisfactions about her husband's income and status make her put all hopes on her sons. William dies at a young age which is a fatal blow for her. So she devotes all her love to Paul. At last, she can't live without him for her excessive attachment. As for。
劳伦斯《儿子与情人》主要内容概要及赏析
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论《儿子与情人》中俄情结的悲剧
论《儿子与情人》中俄情结的悲剧一、概述《儿子与情人》作为英国作家D.H.劳伦斯的代表作之一，以其深刻的心理剖析和细腻的情感描绘，展现了工业革命背景下英国社会家庭关系的复杂纠葛。
在这部小说中，俄情结作为一种重要的情感线索，为整个故事增添了浓厚的悲剧色彩。
源于古希腊神话中俄狄浦斯与母亲之间的禁忌之恋，后被弗洛伊德等心理学家引申为个体对母亲过度依赖、爱恋的情感倾向。
在《儿子与情人》这种情结以不同形式在多个角色身上得以体现，使得原本就充满矛盾和冲突的家庭关系更加复杂。
小说以保罗的成长经历为主线，通过他与母亲莫瑞尔太太之间扭曲的依恋关系，展现了俄情结对个体成长和家庭关系的破坏力。
保罗在成长过程中，深受母亲的影响，对母亲产生了过度的依赖和爱恋。
这种不正常的情感关系，不仅阻碍了保罗的自我成长和独立，也导致了他与女友米莉安和克拉拉之间的爱情关系陷入困境。
小说中其他角色也在不同程度上受到俄情结的影响。
莫瑞尔太太对儿子的过度保护和控制，反映出她对丈夫的失望和对家庭的无奈；而保罗的父亲，则在家庭中失去了应有的地位和作用，成为了俄情结悲剧的牺牲品。
通过对《儿子与情人》中俄情结的探讨，我们不仅可以深入理解小说中的情感纠葛和人物关系，更能从中窥见当时英国社会家庭关系的普遍问题和矛盾。
这种悲剧性的情感表达，不仅是对个体命运的揭示，更是对整个社会现象的深刻反思。
1. 简要介绍《儿子与情人》的作者D.H.劳伦斯及其文学地位《儿子与情人》是英国作家戴维赫伯特劳伦斯（D.H.劳伦斯）的杰作，他在英国文学史上占据着举足轻重的地位，被誉为二十世纪最独特和最有争议的作家之一。
劳伦斯以其敏锐的洞察力、独特的叙事风格和对人性深度的探索，在文学界独树一帜。
他的作品充满了对人性的深入挖掘和对社会现象的深刻剖析，深受读者和评论家的喜爱。
劳伦斯出生于矿工家庭，他的成长经历与《儿子与情人》中的许多情节有着惊人的相似之处，这也使得他的作品充满了自传色彩。
儿子与情人现实意义和启示
儿子与情人现实意义和启示摘要：一、引言1.介绍儿子与情人这本书2.阐述本书的现实意义和启示二、儿子与情人的故事梗概1.故事背景2.主要人物3.故事情节三、现实意义1.对亲情关系的启示1.父母与子女之间的爱2.兄弟姐妹之间的情感2.对友情关系的启示1.忠诚与信任2.成长过程中的陪伴四、启示1.珍惜亲情和友情2.正确面对人生困境3.学会理解和包容五、总结1.强调儿子与情人的现实意义和启示2.鼓励读者从故事中汲取智慧，应用于实际生活正文：《儿子与情人》是英国作家D.H.劳伦斯创作的一部脍炙人口的小说。
故事围绕主人公保罗、他的母亲克拉拉以及他的初恋米尔德丽德展开，描述了他们在成长过程中所经历的种种困境和情感纠葛。
本文将围绕这部作品，探讨其现实意义和启示。
故事发生在20 世纪初的英国，保罗是一个矿工的儿子，他从小就对母亲有着深厚的感情。
随着成长，保罗开始对周围的世界产生好奇，尤其是对女性产生了浓厚的兴趣。
他在学校里结识了富家女米尔德丽德，两人陷入了炽热的爱情。
然而，这段感情受到了来自家庭和社会的重重阻碍，最终以悲剧收场。
《儿子与情人》的现实意义主要体现在对亲情和友情关系的启示。
首先，在亲情方面，作品展示了父母与子女之间以及兄弟姐妹之间的深厚感情。
保罗对母亲的依恋和愧疚，以及他和哥哥威廉之间的竞争与和解，都揭示了家庭亲情的重要性。
在现实生活中，我们也应该珍惜与父母和兄弟姐妹的相处时光，懂得感恩和回报。
其次，在友情方面，作品中的友情关系也值得我们深思。
保罗与米尔德丽德的初恋，以及他与朋友克利夫的深厚友谊，都展示了人生中友情的价值。
在现实生活中，我们应该学会忠诚和信任，珍惜和朋友一起度过的美好时光。
从《儿子与情人》这部作品中，我们还可以得到一些启示。
首先，我们应该珍惜亲情和友情，不要让生活中的琐事和误解破坏了这些宝贵的情感。
其次，面对人生困境时，我们要学会正确处理和应对，勇敢地迎接挑战。
最后，我们应该学会理解和包容，尊重他人的选择，给予关爱和支持。
儿子与情人现实意义和启示
儿子与情人现实意义和启示【原创版】目录1.引言：介绍《儿子与情人》这本书的背景和作者2.主题一：儿子与父亲的关系3.主题二：情人与现实生活的关系4.主题三：自我救赎与成长5.结论：书籍的现实意义和启示正文《儿子与情人》是英国作家 wrence 的一部半自传体小说，通过描绘主人公保罗与母亲、父亲、情人之间的微妙关系，剖析了家庭、爱情、成长等主题。
首先，书中最突出的主题之一就是儿子与父亲的关系。
在小说中，保罗与父亲的关系紧张而复杂。
父亲是一个严厉而专制的人，他对保罗的教育方式近乎虐待。
这使得保罗对父亲充满了恐惧和憎恨，他试图通过逃离家庭来摆脱父亲的影响。
然而，在逃离的过程中，保罗发现自己在某种程度上与父亲有相似之处，这让他对自己产生了怀疑和厌恶。
这种对父子关系的描绘，让我们思考亲子关系中的权力、控制、依赖等问题，以及如何处理这些关系。
其次，情人与现实生活的关系也是小说的一个重要主题。
保罗的情人玛丽是一个充满活力和热情的女性，她给保罗带来了自由和快乐的感觉。
然而，玛丽同时也是一个现实主义者，她明白自己和保罗的家庭背景有着巨大的差距，这使得她对与保罗的未来充满了担忧。
这种对爱情与现实的描绘，让我们思考爱情在现实生活中的位置，以及如何在爱情和现实之间做出选择。
最后，自我救赎与成长是《儿子与情人》的另一个重要主题。
在经历了种种挫折和痛苦之后，保罗逐渐意识到，他必须摆脱对父亲的恐惧和憎恨，才能真正成长为一个独立的人。
这种对自我救赎和成长的描绘，让我们思考如何面对自己的过去，以及如何通过自我救赎来实现成长。
总的来说，《儿子与情人》是一部具有深刻现实意义和启示的小说。
它让我们思考亲子关系、爱情与现实的关系，以及自我救赎和成长。
儿子与情人
儿子与情人
中文译名《儿子与情人》，是二十世纪英国作家戴维德·赫伯纳·劳伦斯的成名作。
这是一部带有很强的作者自传性质的作品，小说比较集中的表现了青年时期劳伦斯同父母亲及第一个恋人杰茜之间的感情经历。
保罗的父亲老莫瑞尔原先是个充满生命活力的矿工，婚后很快与妻子发生了感情上的冲突。
莫瑞尔太太与丈夫的距离越来越远，而与儿子的距离越来越近。
儿子们对母亲也萌生了超乎常态的爱，而对父亲则感到厌恶甚至憎恨。
大儿子威廉不幸去世后，莫瑞尔太太与小儿子保罗的感情进一步加深，母子俩形影不离，亲密无间。
保罗在母亲身上获得了在他的恋人米利安和克拉拉身上无法获得的感情需求。
母亲怨恨保罗的恋人，保罗则念念不忘母亲，不愿同恋人结婚。
母亲死后，他的心灵才得以复苏。
小说为人们揭示了一个畸形的家庭关系：丈夫不是妻子的情人，父子之间互为情敌，而母与子则互为情人。
作者通过保罗一家人的生活企图说明现代文明社会中一个恶性循环的事实：男人毁了女人，女人又毁了儿子们，儿子们重又毁了自己的女人。
在这个恶性循环事实的背后，隐含了人与文明、自然与文明的矛盾冲突。
劳伦斯在这部小说中集中探究了人性的变异和心灵的扭曲，以此来批判工业文明对人的自然天性的摧残，在心里探索的过程中，表现了社会批判、文化批判的思想。
《儿子与情人》：英国现代文学中的家庭关系揭秘
儿子与情人：英国现代文学中的家庭关系揭秘简介《儿子与情人》是一本关于英国现代文学中家庭关系的深入研究。
本文档探索了英国现代文学作品中所描绘的复杂而多变的家庭关系，并分析了这些关系对故事发展和角色塑造的影响。
文学作品概述本章将对一些具有代表性的英国现代文学作品进行概括介绍，包括但不限于《福尔斯特夫人》、《大卫科波菲尔》和《房间》等。
通过阅读这些作品，我们可以领略到不同类型家庭关系在小说中是如何呈现的。
家庭关系动态与演变在此章节中，我们将讨论英国现代文学作品中所呈现的家庭关系是如何随着时间推移而演变的。
我们会探索父母与子女之间、夫妻之间以及兄弟姐妹之间的相互影响和互动。
家族传承与血缘纽带本章将重点讨论英国现代文学作品中所刻画的家族传承和血缘纽带。
我们会深入分析文学作品中所描绘的继承权、家族荣誉以及亲戚关系等元素对故事情节和角色发展的影响。
父母与子女的冲突与融合在这一章里，我们将探讨英国现代文学作品中所呈现的父母与子女之间常见的冲突和融合。
通过研究作品中的父母形象以及他们与孩子之间复杂而多变的关系，我们可以更好地理解这些关系对角色塑造和故事情节推进的重要性。
伴侣关系与婚姻制度此章将着眼于英国现代文学作品中伴侣关系和婚姻制度的描绘。
我们会分析小说中所展示的各种类型的婚姻，例如传统婚姻、同性婚姻以及离异等，并研究这些关系对人物性格和故事发展的影响。
结论在结论章节，我们将总结本文档所讨论过的内容，并回顾英国现代文学作品中家庭关系揭示出来的深层含义和主题。
我们还将探讨现代家庭关系的变化趋势以及对英国文学发展的影响。
通过对《儿子与情人》：英国现代文学中的家庭关系揭秘的研究，读者可以更好地理解英国文学作品中所描绘的家庭关系动态，并深入探索这些关系背后所蕴含的社会、心理以及文化因素。
简介 分析 儿子与情人 文档
【故事内容】没有人会否认母爱的伟大，但母爱是单方面的。
如果母爱可以得到回报，那也只能是来自儿女的儿女之爱。
但劳伦斯在“儿子与情人”中，对这一观念进行了强有力的挑战。
没有人会否认劳伦斯是二十世纪最重要的文学家，也没有人会否认弗洛伊德是二十世纪最伟大的心理学家。
但能够对这部作品所讲述的故事公开表示认同的，恐怕远远不如对这部作品进行研究的人多。
莫瑞尔太太把自己身上涌动的激情，倾注到了自己的儿子身上，自己也从儿子的身上，获取从自己丈夫身上得不到的爱情感觉。
对于这位莫瑞尔太太来说，在她心底里，早已把自己的儿子当作自己理想中的爱人，她照顾他，抚养他，所做的一切，都超出了一位母亲所能做的一切。
她是真正把自己的儿子当作了自己爱的对象，这种爱，不是单纯的亲情之爱，更大程度上来说是一种爱情的体现。
而保罗，也在心目中把自己的母亲当作了自己的爱人，以至于他觉得，只要他母亲在，他在此生就不可能找到自己的爱人。
因为这个爱人就在他身边，那就是他的母亲。
在这部争议很大的作品里，人们探讨的更多的是心理层次和社会层次方面的东西。
很多的时候把融在里面的爱情，解释为一种情节Odipus Complex：，这个源于古希腊的英语词汇，虽然历史很悠久，但却让人们研究了几千年，直到今天，还没有一个真正的结果。
也许人类不敢正视自己身上存在着的和现实社会不协调的东西，也许这个社会已经形成了一个定势，没有人能够去打破。
我们只有沿着自己为自己设定的道路，走下去，永不回头。
结论，最有人伦的不伦之爱，这是一种爱情，最起码也要算是爱情之树上的一个分叉。
儿子与情人Sons and Lovers is the third publish ed novel of D.H. Lawrence, taken by many to be his earliest masterpiece. It tells the story of Paul Morel, a young man and a budding artist. This autobiographical novel is a brilliant evocation of life in a working class mining community.The original 1913 edition was heavily edited by Edward Garnett who removed eighty passages, roughly a tenth of the text. Despite this the novel is dedicated to Garnett. It was not until the 1992 Cambridge University Press edition that the missing text was restored.Lawrence rewrote the work four times until he was happy with it. Although before publication the work was usually called Paul Morel, Lawrence finally settled on Sons and Lovers. Just as this changed title makes the work less focused on a central character, many of the latter additions broadened the scope of the work thereby making the work less autobiographical. While some of the edits by Garnett were on the grounds of propriety or style, others would once more narrow the emphasis back upon Paul.In 1999, the Modern Library ranked Sons and Lovers ninth on a list of the 100 best novels in English of the 20th century.Part I:The refined daughter of a "good old burgher family," Gertrude Coppard meets arough-hewn miner at a Christmas dance and falls into a whirlwind romance. But soon after her marriage to Walter Morel, she realizes the difficulties of living off his meager salary in a rented house. The couple fight and drift apart and Walter retreats to the pub after work each day. Gradually, Mrs. Morel's affections shift to her sons, beginning with the oldest, William.As a boy, William is so attached to his mother that he doesn't enjoy the fair without her. As he grows older, he defends her against his father's occasional violence. Eventually, he leaves home for a job in London, where he begins to rise up into the middle class. He is engaged, but he detests the girl's superficiality. He dies, and Mrs. Morel is heartbroken, but when Paul catches pneumonia, she rediscovers her love for her second son.Part II:Both repulsed by and drawn to his mother, Paul is afraid to leave her but wants to go out on his own, and needs to experience love. Gradually, he falls into a relationship with Miriam, a farm girl who attends his church. The two take long walks and have intellectual conversations about books, but Paul resists, in part because his mother looks down on her. At work, Paul meets Clara Dawes, who has separated from her husband, Baxter.Paul leaves Miriam behind as he grows more intimate with Clara, but even she cannot hold him, and he returns to his mother. When his mother dies soon after, he is alone.Lawrence summarised the plot in a letter to Edward Garnett on 12 November 1912:It follows this idea: a woman of character and refinement goes into the lower class, and has no satisfaction in her own life. She has had a passion for her husband, so her children are born of passion, and have heaps of vitality. But as her sons grow up she selects them as lovers — first the eldest, then the second. These sons are urged into life by their reciprocal love of their mother — urged on and on. But when they come to manhood, they can't love, because their mother is the strongest power in their lives, and holds them. It's rather like Goethe and his mother and Frau von Stein and Christiana — As soon as the young men come into contact with women, there's a split. William gives his sex to a fribble, and his mother holds his soul. But the split kills him, because he doesn't know where he is. The next son gets a woman who fights for his soul — fights his mother. The son loves hismother — all the sons hate and are jealous of the father. The battle goes on between the mother and the girl, with the son as object. The mother gradually proves stronger, because of the ties of blood. The son decides to leave his soul in his mother's hands, and, like his elder brother go for passion. He gets passion. Then the split begins to tell again. But, almost unconsciously, the mother realises what is the matter, and begins to die. The son casts off his mistress, attends to his mother dying. He is left in the end naked of everything, with the drift towards death.This is the most autobiographical of all Lawrence's works as the author himself had a similar relationship with his own mother. The use of this oedipal theme is one of a number of Freudian concepts he used throughout his books. Like many of his works, Sons and Lovers was criticized when first published for obscenity and one publisher called it "the dirtiest book he had ever read" but compared to his later works it is quite constrained.The leading character-Paul ,grows up in a miner‟s family where is full of love and hatred .His mother is disappointed in his father who always get drunk ,so his mother gives all love to him .AS his growing up ,the emotion between Paul and his mother becomes deep day after day ,so that Paul loves Miriam ,but he can‟t marry her ,then he only can keep ambiguous relationship with Clara who has husband .The love to his mother torments Paul all the time , even if released from “Oedipus complex” ,because his mother takes away his spirit prop .提问者：mavis882 - 二级最佳答案The parents of the central character, Paul, are Mr and Mrs Morel who are a vigorous and heavy-drinking miner and a well-educated, pretty intellectual respectively. We learn of Paul’s successful brother and sister, William and Annie, but are soon drawn into Paul’s world. He is still in his teens but works in a factory producing surgical appliances but becomes sick and spends his time with Miriam Leivers who he falls in love with. Their love is made difficult by Miriam’s intense and religious nature and the fondness Paul’s mother has for him that is protective to the point of dependence. As Paul reaches his early twenties he becomes passionate and makes love to Miriam but this ecstasy spells the end for their relationship. The latter stages of the novel concern Paul’s next passion - Mrs Clara Dawes - and her vengeful husband. In the end, with Mrs Morel’s slow death, we find that the closest and most meaningful bond is held between mother and son.儿子与情人》中主要人物的原型分析∙∙ny152ccl68∙5位粉丝∙1楼■徐敬珍《名作欣赏(下半月)》2006年第7期纯文学期刊-域外视野摘要：本文作者用卡尔·荣格的原型分析理论，解析了《儿子与情人》中主要人物梅瑞拉姆、保罗和克拉拉的原型，并揭示了劳伦斯在文中所表达的对占有欲强烈并争强好胜的女性的反感和男性在男女交往中应占统治地位的思想，同时也揭露了劳伦斯对自己独特的宗教观的宣扬：即以身心统一、和谐完美的性爱为基础的、以男性为主宰的婚姻才是拯救人类的唯一途径。
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