上外考研翻译硕士英语阅读理解单选模拟题
上外考研翻硕英语能源环保题材模拟题—阅读理解
上外考研翻硕英语阅读理解能源环保题材模拟题Two real-world studies from Europe demonstrate the health damage done by automotive air pollution, especially the kind emitted by diesel engines. An 11-year period of improving air quality in Switzerland, which started with some of the cleanest air in Europe, produced measurable benefits in lung function for adults as they aged, according to a report in the Dec. 6 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine. "Even with small improvements in air quality, you get measurable health benefits," said Dr. Ursula Ackermann-Liebrich, a professor of public health at the University of Basel. "That is true at levels even which are quite low."And an unusual collaborative study by American and British researchers, reported in the same issue of the journal, showed that people with asthma who walked along a street used by diesel-powered traffic experienced loss of breathing much greater than those who strolled through a traffic-free park. "The unique feature of this study in real-world conditions was that we have demonstrated that typical urban levels of air pollution with diesel-rich powered vehicles have measurable effects," said Dr. Junfeng Zhang, chairman of environmental and occupational health at the New Jersey School of Public Health and an American member of the research team. "There have been theories or hypotheses of diesel exhaust or particle matter and also laboratory studies with animals,but this was a study in the real world with real people."The study had 60 adults with mild or moderate asthma walk for two hours along two London locales -- busy, exhaust-filled Oxford Street or the more bucolic Hyde Park. The Oxford Street walk produced a 5 percent to 6 percent reduction in lung function, "and asthmatics already have compromised lung function," Zhang said. The reduction in lung function was "significantly larger" than what was measured after the Hyde Park walk and was accompanied by an increase in biomarkers of lung inflammation. The negative effect on the lung was greater than has been seen in animal studies using breathing chambers, Zhang said.The Swiss study found a decrease in the amount of airborne fine particulate pollutants, a major feature of diesel emissions. That improvement in Swiss air quality was accompanied by a slowing in the rate of the loss of breathing function that occurs as people age, Ackerman-Liebrich said. The journal report attributed the healthful effect to "decreasing exposure to airborne particulates." "There seems to be something more potent than other forms of air pollution in diesel exhausts," said Dr. Morton Lippman, a professor of environmental medicine at New York University. "It is something many other studies have pointed to."The issue of diesel pollution is of growing interest because "new diesel technologies are increasingly coming on the market," Lippmannsaid. Diesel automobiles are much more common in Europe than in the United States but are gaining attention because of their greater fuel efficiency, he noted.The two studies are welcome because they assess the effect of diesel emissions at relatively low levels, Lippmann said. "That remains a complex issue," he said. "Getting statistically significant information on a small average effect on a large population is not easy. There are a lot of unknowns. Most effects are associated with particles rather than gases in the mixture, but there is no data on which part of the components is particularly nasty."1. By saying "That is true at levels even which are quite low.", Dr. Ursula Ackermann-Liebrich meant_____[A] people could really get health benefits even though the benefits were at low levels.[B] people could get measurable health benefits with air quality improved slightly even at the region in low latitude.[C] people could get measurable health benefits even in the region with low levels of air pollution.[D] people could get health benefits with air quality improved slightly even in the region with low levels of air pollution.2. The collaborative study by American and British researchers was unusual in that_____[A] it was a study in the real world with real people living in urban levels of air pollution.[B] it proved that air pollution by diesel-rich powered vehicles have measurable effects.[C] it verified that people in the city are generally affected by air pollution with diesel-engined automobiles.[D] it demonstrated the real negative effect was greater than that of laboratory studies.3. According to the collaborative study by American and British researchers, people strolling in Hyde Park _____[A] had an increase in biomarkers of lung inflammation.[B] had a greater reduction in lung function than animals under the same condition.[C] had a larger reduction in lung function than walking in a busy street.[D] were, as a matter of fact, affected by the air pollution.4. According to Dr. Morton Lippman, the more potent form of air pollution many other studies have pointed to was_____[A] airborne particulates in diesel exhausts.[B] airborne fine particulate pollutants.[C] particular mixture from diesel emissions.[D] some other forms of air pollution.5. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the Swiss study?[A] The study is aimed to produce a pleasant air quality for people as they age.[B] The study proves that people could enjoy healthful effect as they seldom expose themselves in the airborne particulates.[C] The study is conducted in the region the least polluted in Europe.[D] The study is aimed to make people own clearest air in Europe.篇章剖析：这篇文章讲述了关于汽车排气污染的几个研究。
上海外国语大学mti英语翻译硕士考研真题
一、翻译硕士英语（211）1.选择题（20*1')考单词为主，后面有几道语法。
单词以专八词汇为主，少量的gre词汇。
2.阅读（20*1'）四篇阅读，个人觉得很简单，文章很短，只有一面的长度吧，用专八阅读练习足够了。
3.改错（10*1'）比专八改错简单、前几年考的是修辞和英美文化常识、或古希腊神话典故。
4.作文（50分，500字）谈谈你对happiness的定义。
二、英语翻译基础（357）1.英译汉（75分）该部分选取的是卢梭的《爱弥儿》（Emile, or On Education）部分文章，主要选自《爱弥儿》第三卷第一节。
全文1000多字，共11段，但题目只要求翻译划线部分，总计翻译872字，共6段。
完整原文如下：The whole course of man's life up to adolescence is a period of weakness; yet there comes a time during these early years when the child's strength overtakes the demands upon it, when the growing creature, though absolutely weak, is relatively strong. His needs are not fully developed and his present strength is more than enough for them. He would be a very feeble man, but he is a strong child.What is the cause of man's weakness? It is to be found in the disproportion between his strength and his desires. It is our passions that make us weak, for our natural strength is not enough for their satisfaction. To limit our desires comes to the same thing, therefore, as to increase our strength. When we can do more than we want, we have strength enough and to spare, we are really strong. This is the third stage of childhood, the stage with which I am about to deal. I still speak of childhood for want of a better word; for our scholar is approaching adolescence, though he has not yet reached the age of puberty.About twelve or thirteen the child's strength increases far more rapidly than his needs. The strongest and fiercest of the passions is still unknown, his physical development is still imperfect and seems to await the call of the will. He is scarcely aware of extremes of heat and cold and braves them with impunity. He needs no coat, his blood is warm; no spices, hunger is his sauce, no food comes amiss at this age; if he is sleepy he stretches himself on the ground and goes to sleep; he finds all he needs within his reach; he is not tormented by any imaginary wants; he cares nothing what others think; his desires are not beyond his grasp; not only is he self-sufficing, but for the first and last time in his life he has more strength than he needs.I know beforehand what you will say. You will not assert that the child has more needs than I attribute to him, but you will deny his strength. You forget that I am speaking of my own pupil, not of those puppets who walk with difficulty from one room to another, who toil indoors and carry bundles of paper. Manly strength, you say, appears only with manhood; the vital spirits, distilled in their proper vessels and spreading through the whole body, can alone make the muscles firm, sensitive, tense, and springy, can alone cause real strength. This is the philosophy of the study;I appeal to that of experience. In the country districts, I see big lads hoeing, digging, guiding the plough, filling the wine-cask, driving the cart, like their fathers; you would take them for grown men if their voices did not betray them. Even in our towns, iron-workers', tool makers', and blacksmiths' lads are almost as strong as their masters and would be scarcely less skilful had their training begun earlier. If there is a difference, and I do not deny that there is, it is, I repeat, much less than the difference between the stormy passions of the man and the few wants of the child. Moreover, it is not merely a question of bodily strength, but more especially of strength of mind, which reinforces and directs the bodily strength.This interval in which the strength of the individual is in excess of his wants is, as I have said, relatively though not absolutely the time of greatest strength. It is the most precious time in his life; it comes but once; it is very short, all too short, as you will see when you consider the importance of using it aright.He has, therefore, a surplus of strength and capacity which he will never have again. What use shall he make of it? He will strive to use it in tasks which will help at need. He will, so to speak, cast his present surplus into the storehouse of the future; the vigorous child will make provision for the feeble man; but he will not store his goods where thieves may break in, nor in barns which are not his own. To store them aright, they must be in the hands and the head, they must be stored within himself. This is the time for work, instruction, and inquiry. And note that this is no arbitrary choice of mine, it is the way of nature herself.Human intelligence is finite, and not only can no man know everything, he cannot even acquire all the scanty knowledge of others. Since the contrary of every false proposition is a truth, there are as many truths as falsehoods. We must, therefore, choose what to teach as well as when to teach it. Some of the information within our reach is false, some is useless, some merely serves to puff up its possessor. The small store which really contributes to our welfare alone deserves the study of a wise man, and therefore of a child whom one would have wise. He must know not merely what is, but what is useful.From this small stock we must also deduct those truths which require a full grown mind for their understanding, those which suppose a knowledge of man's relations to his fellow-men--a knowledge which no child can acquire; these things, although in themselves true, lead an inexperienced mind into mistakes with regard to other matters.We are now confined to a circle, small indeed compared with the whole of human thought, but this circle is still a vast sphere when measured by the child's mind. Dark places of the human understanding, what rash hand shall dare to raise your veil? What pitfalls does our so-called science prepare for the miserable child. Would you guide him along this dangerous path and draw the veil from the face of nature? Stay your hand. First make sure that neither he nor you will become dizzy. Beware of the specious charms of error and the intoxicating fumes of pride. Keep this truth ever before you--Ignorance never did any one any harm, error alone is fatal, and we do not lose our way through ignorance but through self-confidence.His progress in geometry may serve as a test and a true measure of the growth of his intelligence, but as soon as he can distinguish between what is useful and what is useless, much skill and discretion are required to lead him towards theoretical studies. For example, would you have him find a mean proportional between two lines, contrive that he should require to find a square equal to a given rectangle; if two mean proportionals are required, you must first contrive to interest him in the doubling of the cube. See how we are gradually approaching the moral ideas which distinguish between good and evil. Hitherto we have known no law but necessity, now we are considering what is useful; we shall soon come to what is fitting and right.Man's diverse powers are stirred by the same instinct. The bodily activity, which seeks an outlet for its energies, is succeeded by the mental activity which seeks for knowledge. Children are first restless, then curious; and this curiosity, rightly directed, is the means of development for the age with which we are dealing. Always distinguish between natural and acquired tendencies. There is a zeal for learning which has no other foundation than a wish to appear learned, and there is another which springs from man's natural curiosity about all things far or near which may affect himself. The innate desire for comfort and the impossibility of its complete satisfaction impel him to the endless search for fresh means of contributing to its satisfaction. This is the first principle of curiosity;a principle natural to the human heart, though its growth is proportional to the development of our feeling and knowledge. If a man of science were left on a desert island with his books and instruments and knowing that he must spend the rest of his life there, he would scarcely trouble himself about the solar system, the laws of attraction, or the differential calculus. He might never even open a book again; but he would never rest till he had explored the furthest corner of his island, however large it might be. Let us therefore omit from our early studies such knowledge as has no natural attraction for us, and confine ourselves to such things as instinct impels us to study.2.汉译英（75分）2016年11月5日，上海外国语大学首届“中国学的国际对话：方法与体系”国际研讨会在虹口校区高翻学院同传室拉开帷幕，本次学术研讨会由上外主办，中国学研究所协同国际关系与公共事务学院、高级翻译学院联合承办，欧盟研究中心、俄罗斯研究中心、英国研究中心、中日韩合作研究中心以及马克思主义学院共同参与。
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析(6)
B.luculent
C.lubricant
D.ludicrous
上一题下一题
(11/30)Vocabulary
第11题
Neon light is utilized in airport because it can permeate fog.
A.pass through
B.transmit
A.did not need attending
B.needn´t have attended
C.did not need to attend
D.needn´t attend
上一题下一题
(3/30)Vocabulary
第3题
The fact that the management is trying to reach agreement ______ five separate unions has led to long negotiations.
A.conductive
B.constructive
C.conciliate
D.conducive
上一题下一题
(9/30)Vocabulary
第9题
In the next few weeks consumer spending will increase by 7% in America, ______ with last year, according to a consumer survey by Deloitte, a consultancy.
paring
pared
C.to compare
D.having compared
上一题下一题
(10/30)Vocabulary
上外考研翻硕英语基础阅读理解—信息技术类模拟题分享
上外考研翻硕英语基础阅读理解—信息技术类模拟题分享It is a devastating prospect. Terrorists electronically break into the computers that control the water supply of a large American city, open and close valves to contaminate the water with untreated sewage or toxic chemicals, and then release it in a devastating flood. As the emergency services struggle to respond, the terrorists strike again, shutting down the telephone network and electrical power grid with just a few mouse clicks. Businesses are paralysed, hospitals are overwhelmed and roads are gridlocked as people try to flee.This kind of scenario is invoked by doom-mongers who insist that stepping up physical security since the September 11th attacks is not enough. Road-blocks and soldiers around power stations cannot prevent digital terrorism. "Until we secure our cyber-infrastructure, a few keystrokes and an Internet connection is all one needs to disable the economy and endanger lives," Lamar Smith, a Texas congressman, told a judiciary committee in February. He ended with his catchphrase: "A mouse can be just as dangerous as a bullet or a bomb." Is he right?It is true that utility companies and other operators of critical infrastructure are increasingly connected to the Internet. But just because an electricity company's customers can pay their bills online, it does not necessarily follow that the company's critical control systems arevulnerable to attack. Control systems are usually kept entirely separate from other systems, for good reason. They tend to be obscure, old-fashioned systems that are incompatible with Internet technology anyhow. Even authorised users require specialist knowledge to operate them. And telecoms firms, hospitals and businesses usually have contingency plans to deal with power failures or flooding.A simulation carried out in August by the United States Naval War College in conjunction with Gartner, a consultancy, concluded that an "electronic Pearl Harbour" attack on America's critical infrastructure could indeed cause serious disruption, but would first need five years of preparation and $200m of funding. There are far simpler and less costly ways to attack critical infrastructure, from hoax phone calls to truck bombs and hijacked airliners.On September 18th Richard Clarke, America's cyber-security tsar, unveiled his long-awaited blueprint for securing critical infrastructure from digital attacks. It was a bit of a damp squib, making no firm recommendations and proposing no new regulation or legislation. But its lily-livered approach might, in fact, be the right one. When a risk has been overstated, inaction may be the best policy.It is difficult to avoid comparisons with the "millennium bug" and the predictions of widespread computer chaos arising from the change of date to the year 2000. Then, as now, the alarm was sounded bytechnology vendors and consultants, who stood to gain from scare-mongering. But Ross Anderson, a computer scientist at Cambridge University, prefers to draw an analogy with the environmental lobby. Like eco-warriors, he observes, those in the security industry--be they vendors trying to boost sales, academics chasing grants, or politicians looking for bigger budgets--have a built-in incentive to overstate the risks.1. We learn from the first paragraph that ____________.[A] terrorists could plunge a large American city into chaos through electronic attack[B] American people have no experience in dealing with terrorists[C] the computer systems of utility companies are rather vulnerable[D] the response of emergency services is far from satisfactory2. Speaking of the doom-mongers, the author implies that_____________.[A] their worries are quite reasonable[B] their warnings should be taken seriously[C] they exaggerate the threat utility companies are facing[D] they are familiar with they way terrorists strike3. In the view of Gartner consultant, ___________.[A] terrorists may launch another “Pearl Harbor” attack[B] terrorists have ample capital and time to prepare a stunning strike[C] it is very costly and time-consuming to attack critical infrastructure[D] it is unlikely that terrorists would resort to electronic means to attack critical infrastructure4. “Lily-livered approach” (Line 4, Paragraph 5) probably means anapproach characterized by________.[A] flexibility[B] boldness[C] cowardice[D] conservatism5. We learn from the last paragraph that__________.[A] the computer industry suffered heavy loss due to the “millennium bug”[B] doom-mongers care more about their own interests than national security[C] computer scientists have better judgment than doom-mongers[D] environmentalists are criticized for their efforts of protecting environment答案：ACDCB篇章剖析本篇文章是一篇议论文，驳斥了恐怖分子会利用电子手段袭击公用事业公司和关键基础设施的观点。
上外考研翻译硕士英语模拟题一详解
上外考研翻译硕士英语模拟题一详解Valeta Young, 81, a retiree from Lodi, Calif., suffers from congestive heart failure and requires almost constant monitoring. But she doesn’t have to drive anywhere to get it. Twice a day she steps onto a special electronic scale, answers a few yes or no questions via push buttons on a small attached monitor and presses a button that sends the information to a nurse’s station in San Antonio, Texas. "It’s almost a direct link to my doctor," says Young, who describes herself as computer illiterate but says she has no problems using the equipment.Young is not the only patient who is dealing with her doctor from a distance. Remote monitoring is a rapidly growing field in medical technology, with more than 25 firms competing to measure remotely--and transmit by phone, Internet or through the airwaves--everything from patients’ heart rates to how often they cough.Prompted both by the rise in health-care costs and the increasing computerization of health-care equipment, doctors are using remote monitoring to track a widening variety of chronic diseases. In March, St. Francis University in Pittsburgh, Pa., partnered with a company called BodyMedia on a study in which rural diabetes patients use wireless glucose meters and armband sensors to monitor their disease. And last fall, Yahoo began offering subscribers the ability to chart their asthmaconditions online, using a PDA-size respiratory monitor that measures lung functions in real time and e-mails the data directly to doctors.Such home monitoring, says Dr. George Dailey, a physician at the Scripps Clinic in San Diego, "could someday replace less productive ways that patients track changes in their heart rate, blood sugar, lipid levels, kidney functions and even vision."Dr. Timothy Moore, executive vice president of Alere Medical, which produces the smart scales that Young and more than 10,000 other patients are using, says that almost any vital sign could, in theory, be monitored from home. But, he warns, that might not always make good medical sense. He advises against performing electrocardiograms remotely, for example, and although he acknowledges that remote monitoring of blood-sugar levels and diabetic ulcers on the skin may have real value, he points out that there are no truly independent studies that establish the value of home testing for diabetes or asthma.Such studies are needed because the technology is still in its infancy and medical experts are divided about its value. But on one thing they all agree: you should never rely on any remote testing system without clearing it with your doctor.1. How does Young monitor her health conditions?[A] By stepping on an electronic scale.[B] By answering a few yes or no questions.[C] By using remote monitoring service.[D] By establishing a direct link to her doctor.2. Which of the following is not used in remote monitoring?[A] car[B] telephone[C] Internet[D] the airwaves3. The word “prompted” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means________.[A] made[B] reminded[C] aroused[D] driven4. Why is Dr. Timothy Moore against performing electrocardiogramsremotely?[A] Because it is a less productive way of monitoring.[B] Because it doesn’t make good medical sense.[C] Because it’s value has not been proved by scientific study[D] Because it is not allowed by doctors5. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Computer illiterate is advised not to use remote monitoring.[B] The development of remote monitoring market is rather sluggish.[C] Remote monitoring is mainly used to track chronic diseases.[D] Medical experts agree on the value of remote monitoring.答案：CADBC篇章剖析本文是一篇说明文，介绍了远程监护目前的发展状况，它的优势，相反的意见等。
高译教育-上海外国语大学英语翻硕百科单选样题
高译教育-上海外国语大学英语翻硕百科单选样题单项选择（50 分）01. 《论语》一书是孔子及其弟子言行的记录。
其撰写者是____。
A. 孔子B. 孔子的弟子C. 孔子及其弟子D. 孔子的弟子及其再传弟子02. “有无相生，难易相成，长短相形，高下相倾，音声相和，前后相随”这一充满辩证法思想的论断出自我国古代经典著作____。
A. 《论语》B. 《老子》C. 《墨子》D. 《韩非子》03. 以下所列剧目不全是莎士比业作品的一组是____。
A. 《哈姆雷特》、《威尼斯商人》、《雅典的泰门》B. 《奥赛罗》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《皆大欢喜》C. 《麦克白》、《伪君子》、《第十二夜》D. 《李尔土》、《温莎的风流娘们》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》04. QS 标志由“质量安全”英文（Quality Safety）字头QS 和“质量安全”中文字样纲成。
标志主色为蓝色，字母“Q”与“质量安全”四个中文字样为蓝色，字母“S”为白色。
QS 标志是我国____的标志。
A. 质量安全认证B. 商品市场准入C. 药品市场准入D. 食品市场准入05. 下列各诗词句子所描写的我国传统节日，依次对应正确的一项是：____。
①独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。
②东风夜放花千树，更吹落，星如雨。
③爆竹声中一岁除，东风送暖入屠苏。
④柔情似水，佳期如梦，忍顾鸽桥归路。
⑤堪笑楚江空渺渺，不能洗得直臣冤。
A. 重阳、春节、元宵、七夕、冬至C. 重阳、元宵、春节、七夕、端午B. 春节、元宵、端午、七夕、重阳D. 中秋、清明、春节、七夕、端午06. 对以下汉语成语出处和本意的介绍，错误的是____。
A. 约法二章：出自《史记》，是说刘邦攻下咸阳后，召集关中父老，约定法纪。
B. 始作俑者：出自《孟子》，引用孔子的话，斥责首先用俑殉葬开恶劣风气的人。
C. 胸有成竹：出自苏轼散文，指画竹子时要事先设想好完整的竹子。
D. 买椟还珠：出自《韩非子》，买木盒时退还里面的珠宝，拾金不昧。
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析(9)
B.infringed
C.suspended
D.stamped
上一题下一题
(14/30)Vocabulary
第14题
The______of social security benefits often feel that they are contributing more than they in fact receive in terms of medical care, pensions, etc
A.let in
B.let out
C.let go of
D.let off
上一题下一题
(26/30)Vocabulary
第26题
The Supreme Court´ s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important ______for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. .
A.then reducing
B.and reduce
C.although reduce
D.rather than reducing
上一题下一题
(6/30)Vocabulary
第6题
The symphony´ s second movement-slow, mournful, and ______-is based on a funeral march.
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析（9）
(1/30)Vocabulary
第1题
She had a strong______to give a talk about her experiences, because she didn´ t like the limelight.
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析(19)
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析（19）(1/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第1题bungee Jumping下一题(2/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第2题A Midsummer Night’s Dream上一题下一题(3/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第3题odd number上一题下一题(4/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第4题Armistice Day上一题下一题(5/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第5题integrated circuit上一题下一题(6/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第6题silicon chip上一题下一题(7/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第7题landing gear上一题下一题(8/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第8题property bubble上一题下一题(9/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第9题Twitter上一题下一题(10/10)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第10题Government watchdog上一题下一题(1/5)Give full forms of the following acronyms and translate them into Chinese 第11题CFO(2/5)Give full forms of the following acronyms and translate them into Chinese 第12题GPS上一题下一题(3/5)Give full forms of the following acronyms and translate them into Chinese 第13题MBA上一题下一题(4/5)Give full forms of the following acronyms and translate them into Chinese 第14题API上一题下一题(5/5)Give full forms of the following acronyms and translate them into Chinese 第15题CIA上一题下一题(1/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第16题网民上一题下一题(2/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第17题财政收入上一题下一题(3/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第18题电话会议上一题下一题(4/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第19题产业结构上一题下一题(5/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第20题电脑病毒上一题下一题(6/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第21题扫盲上一题下一题(7/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第22题国有企业(8/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第23题核电站上一题下一题(9/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第24题副教授上一题下一题(10/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第25题人才流失上一题下一题(11/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第26题出风头上一题下一题(12/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第27题网恋上一题下一题(13/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第28题扫黄打黑上一题下一题(14/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第29题试点项目上一题下一题(15/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第30题目的语上一题下一题(1/1)Translate the following passages into Chinese (60 points)：第31题Thoughts in Westminster AbbeyJoseph AddisonWhen I am in a serious humour，I very often walk by myself in Westminster Abbey，where the gloominess of the place，and the use to which it is applied，with the solemnity of the building，and the condition of the people who lie in it，are apt to fill the mind with a kind of melancholy，or rather thoughtfulness，that is not disagreeable. I yesterday passed a whole afternoon in the churchyard ，the cloisters，and the church，amusing myself with the tombstones and inscriptions that I met with in those several regions of the dead. Most of them recorded nothing else of the buried person，but that he was born upon one day，and died upon another: the wholehistory of his life being comprehended in those two circumstances that are common to all mankind. I could not but look upon these registers of existence，whether of brass or marble，as a kind of satire upon the departed persons; who had left no other memorial of them，but that they were born and that they died. They put me in mind of several persons mentioned in the battles of heroic poems，who have sounding names given them，for no other reason but that they may be killed，and are celebrated for nothing but being knocked on the head. The life of these men is finely described in Holy Writ by“the path of an arrow，”which is immediately closed up and lost.Upon my going into the church，I entertained myself with the digging of a grave ；and saw in every shovelful of it that was thrown up，the fragment of a bone or skull intermit with a kind of fresh moldering earth，that some time or other had a place in the composition of a human body.Upon this，I began to consider with myself what innumerable multitudes of people lay confused together under the pavement of that ancient cathedral; how men and women，friends and enemies，priests and soldiers，monks and prebendaries，were crumbled amongst one another，and blended together in the same common mass ；how beauty，strength，and youth，with old age，weakness and deformity，lay undistinguished in the same promiscuous heap of matter.上一题下一题(1/1)Translate the following passage into English (60 points)：第32题来到向往已久的剑桥大学，非常高兴。
上海外国语大学考研翻译硕士MTI基础模拟题四
上外翻译硕士英语模拟训练（四）I . close testYoung Children`s Sense of IdentityA sense of self develops in young children by degrees. The process can usefully be thought of in terms of the gradual emergence of two somewhat separate features: the self as a subject, and the self as an object. William James introduced the distinction in 1892, and contemporaries of his, such as Charles Cooley, added to the developing debate. Ever since then psychologists have continued building on the theory.According to James, a child's first step on the road to self-understanding can be seen as the recognition that he or she exists. This is an aspect of the self that he labeled 'self-as-subject', and he gave it various elements. These included an (1) of one’s own agency (i.e. one’s power to act), and an awareness of one’s distinctiveness from other people. These features gradually (2) as infants explore their world and interact with caregivers. Cooley (1902) suggested that a (3) of the self-as-subject was primarily concerned with being able to exercise power. He proposed that the earliest examples of this are that an infant attempts to control physical objects, such as toys or his or her own limbs. This is followed by attempts to affect the behavior of other people. For example, infants learn that when they cry or smile someone (4) to them.Another powerful source of information for infants about the (5) they can have on the world around them is provided when others (6) them. Many parents spend a lot of time, particularly in the early months, copying their infant's vocalizations and expressions in addition, young children enjoy looking in (7), where the movements they can see are dependent upon their own movements.This is not to say that infants recognize the reflection as their own image (a later development). However, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) suggest that infants' developing understanding that the movements they see in the mirror are contingent on their own, leads to a growing awareness that they are (8) from other people. This is because they, and (9) they can change the reflection in the mirror.This understanding that children gain of themselves as active agents continues to develop in their attempts to co-operate with others in play. Drum (1988) points out that it is in such day-to-day relationships and interactions （10）the child's understanding of his or herself emerges. Empirical investigations of the self-as- subject in young children are, however, rather scarce （11）of difficulties of communication: even if young infants can reflect on their experience, they certainly cannot express this aspect of the self directly.Once Children have acquired a certain level of self-awareness, they begin to place themselves in a whole series of categories, which together play such an important part in defining them uniquely as 'themselves'. This second step in the development of a full sense of self is what James called the 'self-as-object'. This has been seen by many to be the aspect of the self which is most （12）by social elements, since it is made up of social roles (such as student, brother; colleague) and characteristics which derive their meaning from comparison or interaction with other people (such as trust worthiness, shyness, sporting ability).Cooley and other researchers suggested a close connection between a person’s own understanding of their identity and other people's understanding of it. Cooley believed that people build up their sense of identity from the reactions of others to them, and from the view they believe others have (13) them. He called the self- as-object the ’looking-glass self', since people come to secthemselves as they are reflected in others. Mead (1934) went even further, and saw the self and the social world as inextricably bound together. The self is essentially a social structure, and it arises in social experience. It is impossible to (14) of a self arising outside of (15) experience.Finally perhaps the most graphic expressions of self-awareness in general can be seen in the displays of rage which are most common from 18 months to 3 years of age. In a longitudinal study of groups of three or four children, Bronson (1975) found that the intensity of the frustration and anger in their disagreements increased sharply between the ages of 1 and 2 years. Often, the children's disagreements involved a struggle over a toy that none of them had played with before or after the tug-of-war: the children seemed to be disputing ownership rather than wanting to play with it. Although it may be less marked in other societies, the link between the sense of ’self' and of 'ownership’is a notable feature of childhood in Western societies.II. Reading comprehensionMike and Adam Hurewitz grew up together on Long Island, in the suburbs of New York City. They were very close, even for brothers. So when Adam's liver started failing, Mike offered to give him half of his. The operation saved Adam's life. But Mike, who went into the hospital in seemingly excellent health, developed a complication-perhaps a blood colt -and died last week. He was 57. Mike Hurewitz's death has prompted a lot of soul searching in the transplant community. Was it a tragic fluke or a sign that transplant surgery has reached some kind of ethical limit?The Mount Sinai Medical Center, the New York City hospital where the complex double operation was performed, has put on hold its adult living donor liver transplant program, pending a review of Hurewitz's death. Mount Sinai has performed about 100 such operations in the past three years.A 1-in -100 risk of dying may not seem like bad odds, but there's more to this ethical dilemma than a simple ratio. The first and most sacred rule of medicine is to do no harm. "For a normal healthy person a mortality rate 1% is hard to justify, "says Dr. John Fung, chief of transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. "If the rate stays at 1%, it's just not going to be accepted. "On the other hand, there's an acute shortage of traditional donor organs from people who have died in accidents or suffered fatal heart attacks. If family members fully understand the risks and are willing to proceed, is there any reason to stand in their way? Indeed, a recent survey showed that most people will accept a mortality rate for living organ donors as high as 20%. The odds, thankfully, aren't nearly that bad. For kidney donors, for example, the risk ranges from 1 in 2, 500 to 1 in 4, 000 for a healthy volunteer. That helps explain why nearly 40% of kidney transplants in the U.S. come from living donors. /The operation to transplant a liver, however, is a lot trickier than one to transplant a kidney. Not only is the liver packed with blood vessels, but it also makes lots of proteins that need to be produced in the right ratios for the body to survive. When organs from the recently deceased are used, the surgeon gets to pick which part of the donated liver looks the best-and to take as much of it as needed. Assuming all goes well, a healthy liver can grow back whatever portion of the organ is missing, sometimes within a month.A living-donor transplant works particularly well when an adult donates a modest a modest portion of the liver to a child. Usually only the left lobe of the organ is required, leading to a mortality rate for living-donors in the neighborhood of 1 in 500 to 1 in 1,000. But when the recipient is another adult, as much as 60% of the donor's liver has to be removed. "There really is very little margin for error, "says Dr. Fung. By way of analogy, he suggests, think of a tree. "An adult-to-childliving-donor transplant is like cutting off a limb. With an adult-to-adult transplant, you're splitting the trunk in half and trying to keep both halves alive."Even if a potential donor understand and accepts these risks, that doesn't necessarily mean the operation should proceed. All sorts of subtle pressures can be brought to bear on such a decision. says Dr. Mark Siegler, director of the MacLean for Clinical Medical Ethics at the University of Chicago. "Sometimes the sicker the patient, the greater the pressure the pressure and the more willing the donor will be to accept risks. "If you feel you can't say no, is your decision truly voluntary? And if not, is it the medical community's responsibility to save you from your own best intentions?Transplant centers have developed screening programs to ensure that living donors fully understand the nature of their decision. But unexamined, for the most part, is the larger issue of just how much a volunteer should be allowed to sacrifice to save another human being. So far, we seem to be saying some risk is acceptable, although we're still vaguer about where the cutoff should be. There will always be family members like Mike Hurewitz who are heroically prepared to make the ultimate sacrifice for a loved one. What the medical profession-and society-must decide is if it's appropriate to let them do so. /1Describe in your own words the liver transplant between the two brothers Mike and Adam.2 What is the major issue raised in the article?3 Explain briefly Dr. Fung's comparison between organ transplant and a tree. What does he imply through this analogy?4 If family members fully understand the risks in organ transplant and are still willing to proceed, shall the medical professionals encourage or stop them? What is your personal view toward such issue?补充练习For 40 years the sight of thousands of youngsters striding across the open moorland has been as much an annual fixture as spring itself. But the 2, 400 school pupils who join the grueling Dartmoor Ten Tors Challenge next Saturday may be among the last to take part in the May tradition. The trek faces growing criticism from environmentalists who fear that the presence of so many walkers on one weekend threatens the survival of some of Dartmoor's internationally rare bird species. / The Ten Tors challenge takes place in the middle of the breeding season, when the slightest disturbance can jeopardize birds' chances of reproducing successfully. Experts at the RSPB and the Dartmoor National Park Authority fear that the walkers could frighten birds and even crush eggs. They are now calling for the event to be moved to the autumn, when the breeding season is over and chicks should be well established. Organizers of the event, which is led by about 400 Territorial Army volunteers, say moving it would be impractical for several reasons and would mean pupils could not train properly for the 55-mile trek. Dartmoor is home 10 rare species of ground-nesting birds, including golden plovers, dunlins and lapwings. In some cases, species are either down to their last two pairs on the moor or are facing a nationwide decline.Emma Parkin, South-west spokeswoman for the PASPB, took part in the challenge as a schoolgirl. She said the society had no objections to the event itself but simply but simply wanted t moved to another time of year. "It is a wonderful activity for the children who take part but, having thousands of people walking past in one weekend when birds are breeding is hardly ideal, "she said."We would prefer it to take place after the breeding and nesting season is over. There is a risk of destruction and disturbance. If the walkers put a foot in the wrong place they can crush the eggs and if there is sufficient disturbance the birds might abandon the nest. "Helen Booker, an RSPB upland conservation officer, said there was no research into the scale of the damage but there was little doubt the walk was detrimental. "If people are tramping past continually it can harm the chances of successful nesting. There is also the fear of direct trampling of eggs. "A spokesman for the Dartmoor National Park Authority said the breeding season on the moor lasted from early March to mid-July, and the Ten Tors challenge created the potential for disturbance for March, when participants start training.To move the event to the autumn was difficult because children would be on holiday during the training period. There was a possibility that some schools in the Southwest move to a four-term year in 2004, "but until then any change was unlikely. The authority last surveyed bird life on Dartmoor two year ago and if the next surveyed showed any further decline, it would increase pressure to move challenge, "he said.Major Mike Pether, secretary of the army committee that organizes the challenge, said the event could be moved if there was the popular will. "The Ten Tors has been running for 42 years and it has always been at this time of year. It is almost in tablets of stone but that's not to say we won't consider moving if there is a consensus in favour. However, although the RSPB would like it moved, 75 per cent of the people who take part want it to stay as it is, "he said. Major Pether said the trek could not be moved to earlier in the year because it would conflict with the lambing season, most of the children were on holiday in the summer, and the winter weather was too harsh.Datmoor National Park occupies some 54 sq km of hills topped by granite outcrops known as "Tors" with the highest Tor-capped hill reaching 621m. The valleys and dips between the hills are often sites of bogs to snare the unwary hiker. The moor has long been used by the British Army as a training and firing range. The origin of the event stretches back to 1959 when three Army officers exercising on the moor thought it would provide a challenge for civilians as well as soldiers In the first year 203 youngsters took up the challenges. Since then teams, depending on age and ability, face hikes of 35, 45 or 55 miles between 10 nominated Tors over two days. They are expected to carry everything they need to survive. /1. What is the Ten Tors challenge? Give a brief introduction of its location and history.2. Why is it suggested that the event be moved to the autumn or other seasons?3. What are the difficulties if the event is moved to autumn or other season?Burnt by stock market losses, investors in ever-increasing numbers have found an answer to their woes: litigate. According to Stanford Law School, shareholders filed 327 class-action lawsuits against American companies last year-up 60% on the previous year. Their pied piper is Bill Lerach. He and his law firm, Milberg Weiss Bershad Hynes & Lerach, have turned the class action lawsuit into an industry. More than half of last year's suits were fought by Lerach and his colleagues. / Branded an "economic terrorist "by one rival and "lower than pond scum" by one rival and "lower than pond scum" by another, Lerach's firm is the terror of corporate America. Milberg Weiss has won more than 20 billion in class-action suits but has not escaped controversy of its own. It is being investigated by a Los Angeles federal grand jury over allegations that it paid "professional plaintiffs" to use their names on lawsuits.Few of Lerach's cases ever get to court, Settling on the law court steps is an American tradition and often less embarrassing and expensive than taking a case all the way. But the rules have been rewritten since Enron's collapse. Having failed to reach an argreement with Lerach and others, Arthur Andersen trial starts this week in Houston over accountant's alleged destruction of Enron-related documents. On Wednesday another judge will hear from other defendants being pursued by Lerach.Lerach's original suit was filed late last year in Houston's federal court on behalf of the University of California Board of Regents, which lost 140m, and other Enron shareholders. The lawsuit names a stellar array of blue-chip banks, including Barclays, Citigroup and Merrill Lynch, as parties to the alleged Enron scheme that cost investor 25 billion. It also names law firms and 60 Enron and Arthur Andersen executives, directors and partners. When the judge decides whether to let any of the parties escape the court case, due in December 2003, settlement talks will begin in earnest. In the meantime, the heat is being turned up on Lerach. A recent Wall Street Journal editorial attacked the university for hiring him. "The real lesson for the Regents is that when you lie down with lawyers, you catch ethical fleas, "it said. The Journal's attack tallies with many senior business figures who privately say Lerach and his followers have made the law a joke, basing their attacks more on a participant's ability to pay than their guilt. "Lerach isn't expecting to prove his case in court, but only in the media, hoping defendants will settle regardless of guilt to get their names out of the news. Is that a good lesson for the kids?" asked thejournal.Lerach did not return calls when asked to comment, but Trey Davis, a university spokesman, dismissed the criticism: "The decision to name the investment banks and the law firms is not based on a search for assets in the wake of Enron's bankruptcy and Arthur Andersen's business decline, "he said. "It's an earnest effort seeking return of money that rightfully belongs to the victims."John Coffee, law professor at Columbia University, says the rise in class actions is inevitable give the fall in stock prices. And he says that, if anything, changes in the rules have improved the quality of many cases filed. Legal reforms, introduced in 1995, have made it almost impossible for disgruntled investors to sue a company for disgruntled investors to sue a company for missing its profit forecasts. The changes also require lawyers to show evidence of wrong-doing for a case to proceed. The reforms were designed to curb the frivolous lawsuits that ad become part of the cost of doing business for almost every American public company. Most cases now brought against companies allege some sort of accounting impropriety.And says Coffee, the reforms mean more suits now have a strong case to answer. "There's a whole industry out there saying securities litigation is all frivolous, " he says. "There's a high correlation between an earnings restatement and some highly suspicious monkey business with the prior financial reporting. I don't think these are cases in which the defendants are perfectly innocent victims."4. What are the class action lawsuits referred to in the passage? What do you learn about Bill Lerach's law firm?5 What does it mean by the sentence "Milberg Weiss... has not escaped controversy of its own."(Para. 2)?6.What do you know from the Wall Street Journal editorial's attack (Para. 4)?III. WritingThe position of women in society has changed markedly in the last twenty years. Many of the problems young people now experience, such as juvenile delinquency, arise from the fact that many married women now work and are not at home to care for their children. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? （no less than 500 words）。
上海外国语大学考研英语语言文学英汉互译模拟题分享
上海外国语大学硕士研究生入学考试模拟题考试科目：英汉互译（考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在指定答题纸上，答在试卷上无效）I. Translate the following into Chinese. (75 points)The fact is that, as a writer, Faulkner is no more interested in solving problems than he is tempted to indulge in sociological comments on the sudden changes in the economic position of the southern states. The defeat and the consequences of defeat are merely the soil out of which his epics grow. He is not fascinated by men as a community but by man in the community, the individual as a final unity in himself, curiously unmoved by external conditions. The tragedies of these individuals have nothing in common with Greek tragedy: they are led to their inexorable end by passions caused by inheritance, traditions, and environment, passions which are expressed either in a sudden outburst or in a slow liberation from perhaps generations-old restrictions. With almost every new work Faulkner penetrates deeper into the human psyche, into man’s greatness and powers ofself-sacrifice, lust for power, cupidity, spiritual poverty,narrow-mindedness, burlesque obstinacy, anguish, terror, and degenerate aberrations. As a probing psychologist he is the unrivalled master among all living British and American novelists.Neither do any of his colleagues possess his fantastic imaginative powers and his ability to create characters. His subhuman and superhuman figures, tragic or comic in a macabre way, emerge from his mind with a reality that few existing people - even those nearest to us - can give us, and they move in a milieu whose odours of subtropical plants, ladies’ perfumes, Negro sweat, and the smell of horses and mules penetrate immediately even into a Scandinavian’s warm and cozy den. As a painter of landscapes he has the hunter’s intimate knowledge of his own hunting ground, the topographer’s accuracy, and the impressionist’s sensitivity.Moreover—side-by-side with Joyce and perhaps even more so—Faulkner is the great experimentalist among twentieth-century novelists. Scarcely two of his novels are similar technically. It seems as if by this continuous renewal he wanted to achieve the increased breadth which his limited world, both in geography and in subject matter, cannot give him.II. Translate the following into English. (75 points)隐逸的生活似乎在传统意识中一直被认为是幸福的至高境界。
上外考研翻硕英语阅读理解经济类题材模拟分享
上外考研翻硕英语阅读理解经济类题材模拟分享Richard Evans, a retired lorry driver, and his family were travelling in Spain last summer when their camper van broke down. They left it to be brought back by the AA. But customs officers at Dover claimed it was being used for smuggling. They seized the vehicle and all its contents, including 9,000 cigarettes and 20 bottles of spirits. The van, worth £20,000 ($30,800), is still impounded. It even took Mr. Evans six months to recover his 90-year-old mother-in-law’s wheelchair.Under European Union regulations, people may import an unlimited quantity of alcohol and tobacco, so long as it is for their own personal use. Had Mr. Evans been driving his van himself, he would probably have had no trouble. Cases like this are putting Customs a nd Excise’s considerable powers under scrutiny. A recent stinging High Court judgment about another vehicle seizure said, "the mindset of those determining these policies has not embraced the world of an internal market where excise goods can move freely across internal frontiers." And, on September 18th, the EU announced that it was giving Britain two months to prove that customs officers were not breaching consumers’ rights to shop freely in Europe. "Cross-border shopping...is a fundamental right under EU law and should not be regarded as a form of tax evasion," said Frits Bolkestein, the internal market commissioner.Customs officers have an impossible job. Excise duty and V AT on a pack of premium brand cigarettes account for 79% of the recommended retail selling price of £4.51. An identical pack costs £1.97 in Belgium. One in every five cigarettes smoked in Britain--some 17 billion altogether--has been smuggled. The Tobacco Manufacturers’ Association reckons that 80% of hand-rolling tobacco is smuggled.The main weapon Customs and Excise has in tackling abuse is to seize cars in which it suspects goods are being smuggled. Guidelines suggest "personal use" can mean only up to 800 cigarettes, for example. Anyone bringing in more can be asked to explain. In the past three years, customs officers have impounded more than 22,000 vehicles. Tellingly, only a fifth of seizures are contested, and fewer than 1% of appeals are successful. Officials say the value of cross-channel smuggling has fallen sharply in the past year, from £1.6 billion to £400m.Some customs officers, though, have clearly been over-zealous. And the recent High Court case ruled that the legislation under which Customs and Excise operates wrongly reverses the burden of proof. The defendant must prove that he is not bringing in tobacco and so forth for a commercial purpose. It also said that customs officers must have "reasonable grounds" for searches: suspicion and instinct are not enough. The government is appealing.The minister in charge of Customs and Excise, John Healey, acceptsthat there is an urgent need to respond to questions about the "legitimacy" of the Customs regime. But he says the charge that Customs are abusing their powers is wrong: "Customs," he says, "never stop at random, they never do blanket searches. They always have some ground for stopping people." Tell that to Mr Evans.1. How could Richard Evans have avoided such a trouble?[A]If the camper van didn’t break down on the way.[B]If the amount of alcohol and tobacco were not too large.[C]If he carried cigarettes and spirits for personal use.[D]If he hadn’t asked others to drive the car.2. How does the EU feel about the behavior of Customs and Excise?[A]Critical.[B]Optimistic.[C]Indifferent.[D]Supportive.3. How can Customs and Excise check the smuggling effectively?[A]By doing blanket searches.[B]By seizing the suspect cars.[C]By limiting shopping in Europe.[D]By stopping at random.4. What is the charge against Customs and Excise?[A]They are abusing their power.[B]They deprive Europeans of their right to a free shop.[C]They seize the car for no good reason.[D]Their power is too excessive.5. By “Tell that to Mr Evans.”(Last Line, Paragraph 6), the authormeans _____________.[A]Evans should learn a lesson from his experience[B]what John Healey has said is good for Evans[C]he does not believe what John Healey has said[D]Evans should understand what he has experienced答案：DABAC篇章剖析本文采用提出问题—分析问题的模式，非常客观地分析了海关工作确实是一件非常棘手，但也确实非常必要的工作，但在工作中有些官员表现得过于“热情”，有滥用职权的嫌疑，所以招致了一些公民的指控。
上外考研翻硕英语基础阅读理解文化教育类—阅读理解模拟题
上外考研翻硕英语基础阅读理解文化教育类—阅读理解模拟题上外考研翻硕英语基础阅读理解文化教育类模拟题In the past few years, reformers have embraced a disarmingly simple idea for fixing schools: Why not actually flunk those students who don't earn passing grades? Both Democrats and Republicans have begun attacking the practice of "social promotion"--shuttling bad students to the next grade, advancing them with peers even if they are failing. Make F truly mean failure, the movement says.Last week in Los Angeles, the reformers learned just how ornery the current system can be. According to a plan released Tuesday by the L.A. school district, ending social promotion there will take at least four years, could cost hundreds of millions of dollars--and probably would require flunking about half the district's students. That's a pessimistic assessment, but it's not just bureaucrats' caterwauling. Rather, L.A. school superintendent Ruben Zacarias was an eager convert to the crusade against social promotion. In February he unveiled an ambitious plan to end unwarranted promotions in five grades during the 1999-2000 school year--a full year ahead of the timetable set by a state law.At the time, Zacarias acknowledged that his goal would be hard to meet. He estimated that as many as 6 of every 10 students would flunk if they had to advance on merit. Zacarias wanted to spend $140 million in the first year alone to help these kids. Why so much? Because a mountainof research shows that ending social promotion doesn't work if it just means more Fs. Kids who are simply forced to repeat grades over and over usually don't improve academically andoften drop out. Zacarias wanted more tutoring, summer school and intensive-learning classes. Unqualified students wouldn't rise to the next grade; nor would they be doomed to redo work they already failed. It was a forward-looking plan that Zacarias, 70, didn't have the clout to enact. He wasn't popular enough--the school board recently bought out his contract after a bitter power struggle--but even fellow reformers think his plan was too much, too soon. Says board member David Tokofsky: "You've got the unions who want their say. And, of course, there's the facilities issue: Where do you send all these eighth-graders if you can't send them to high school?" The district now says it will stop advancing low-achieving students only in two grades (second and eighth), and it will begin next year.Los Angeles isn't the only place that has run into roadblocks while trying to end social promotion. In New York City, some advocates have said in lawsuits that parents weren't notified early enough that their kids were flunking. And in Chicago, which led the nation on the issue, a parents' group has filed civil rights complaints alleging that the promotion crackdown holds back a disproportionate number of black and Latino kids.Still, the war on social promotion could have one salutaryconsequence: if every school district takes L.A.'s approach, struggling students will get a lot more teaching help, not just a kick in the rear as they finish another unproductive school year.1. “Social promotion” is ___________.[A] a simple idea for fixing school[B] flunking students who don’t earn passing grades[C] making F more or less meaningless[D] a political movement2. Education officials give the reform prospect a pessimisticassessment because_______.[A] it takes too long time, costs too much and may produce undesirable result[B] there is no feasible plan yet[C] it involves too many students[D] it is not approved by state legislature3. The writer mentioned the case of Zacarias to show that______________.[A] ending social promotion doesn’t work[B] schools do not have the ability to enact his plan[C] plans like his are too ambitious[D] it’s hard to reach agreement on the issue of ending social promotion4. It seems that the effort at ending social promotion_____________.[A] is confronting a lot of resistance[B] has proved fruitless[C] has little hope of success[D] does more harm than good5. Toward the proposal of ending social promotion, the author’sattitude seems to be ________.[A] pessimistic[B] optimistic[C] objective[D] biased答案：C A D A B篇章剖析：本篇文章围绕教育改革派主张在美国中小学取消“自动升级”的问题展开了讨论，第一段介绍了改革派的主张：取消“自动升级”。
考上外《翻译硕士英语》样题
考上外《翻译硕士英语》样题翻译硕士考试《翻译硕士英语》样题I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)Multiple choiceDirections: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.1. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.A. contradictB. reformC. counterD. protest2. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.A. minorityB. scarcityC. rarityD. minimum3. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. puts into effect4. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending.A. financeB. expandC. enlargeD. budget5. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region.A. concentratedB. extensiveC. intenseD. intensive6. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.A. forbiddenB. rejectedC. excludedD. denied7. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________.A. pull backB. pull upC. pull throughD. pull out8. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s.A. benefitB. availabilityC. suitabilityD. convenience9. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church.A. markB. signalC. signD. gesture10. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it.A. lightlyB. sparselyC. hardlyD. rarely11. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were12. With some men dressing down and some other menflaunting their looks, it is really hard to tell they are gay or _________.A. straightB. homosexualC. beautifulD. sad13. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to14. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came15. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be16. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home.A. some type ofB. some types of aC. some type of aD. some types of17. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion whenI ________ the journey in exactly two days.A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make18. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid.A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but19. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim.A. much more sportsmanB. more of a sportsmanC. more of sportsmanD. more a sportsman20. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him.A. betrayed… takeB. had betrayed… tookC. has betrayed… tookD. has betrayed… takeII. Reading comprehension (40’)Section 1 Multiple choice (20’)Directions: In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.Passage AThe Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx, once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regionallanguages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club—Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales—a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that itis here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from theEuropean Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe—only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. T o familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline, Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots”, is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere—on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citiz ens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cu ltural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”1. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant toA. maintain the present status among the nations.B. reduce legislative powers of England.C. create a better state of equality among the nations.D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.2. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph meansA. separatist.B. conventional.C. feudal.D. political3. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. people’s desire for devolution.B. locals’ turnout for the voting.C. powers of the legislative body.D. status of the national language.4. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identity?A. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.5. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed isA. people’s mentality.B. pop culture.C. town’s appearance.D. possibilities for the people.Passage BThe miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the 20th century.The promise was assured economic security—even comfort—for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, that began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days—lack of food, warmth, shelter—would at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.). Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility—in some cases the promise—of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions? The cumulative effectwas a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been. Ultimately I’m on my own. Now it became, ultimately I’ll be taken care of.The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security won’t provide social security for any of us.A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to defined contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). the significance of the 401(k) is that it puts mostof the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it gets invested—the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when theemployee retires.Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’ 401(k) accounts. That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee’s 401(k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have s old. Second, Enron’s 401(k) accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(k) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent, but it’s what some of them did.The Enron employees’ retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to I’ll-be-taken-care-of took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. Itwon’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th-century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that, like most people in most ti mes and places, they’re on their own.6. Why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”?A. Because the company has gone bankrupt.B. Because such events would never happen again.C. Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings.D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.7. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change inA. people’s outlook on life.B. people’s life styles.C. people’s living standard.D. people’s social values.8. Changes in pension schemes were also part ofA. the corporate lay-offs.B. the government cuts in welfare spending.C. the economic restructuring.D. the warning power of labors unions.9. Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment optionmainly becauseA. the 401(k) made them responsible for their own future.B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.10. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?A. The 401(k) assets should be placed in more than one investment option.B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future young workers.Sectio n 2 Answering questions (20’)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.Questions 1～3For 40 years the sight of thousands of youngsters striding across the open moorland has been as much an annual fixture as spring itself. But the 2,400 school pupils who join the grueling Dartmoor Ten T ors Challenge next Saturday may be among the last to take part in the May tradition. The trek faces growingcriticism from environmentalists who fear that the presence of so many walkers on one weekend threatens the survival of some of Dartmoor’s internationally rare bird species.The Ten Tors Challenge takes place in the middle of the breeding season, when the slightest disturbance can jeopardize birds’ chances of reproducing successf ully. Experts at the RSPB and the Dartmoor National Park Authority fear that the walkers could frighten birds and even crush eggs. They are now calling for the event to be moved to the autumn, when the breeding season is over and chicks should be well established. Organisers of the event, which is led by about 400 Territorial Army volunteers, say moving it would be impractical for several reasons and would mean pupils could not train properly for the 55-mile trek. Dartmoor is home to 10 rare species of ground-nesting birds, including golden plovers, dunlins and lapwings. In some cases, species are either down to their last two pairs on the moor or are facing a nationwide decline.Emma Parkin, South-west spokeswoman for the PASPB, took part in the challenge as a schoolgirl. She said the society had no objections to the event itself but simply wanted it moved to another time of year. “It is a wonderful activity for the children who take part but, having thousands of people walking past in one weekend when bird s are breeding is hardly ideal,” she said. “We would prefer it to take place after the breeding and nesting season is over. There is a risk of destruction and disturbance. If the walkers put a foot in the wrong place they can crush the eggs and if there is sufficient disturbance the birds might abandon the nest.” Helen Booker, an RSPB upland conservation officer, saidthere was no research into the scale of the damage but there was little doubt the walk was detrimental. “If people are tramping past continually it can harm the chances of successful nesting. There is also the fear of direct trampling of eggs.” A spokesman for the Dartmoor National Park Authority said the breeding season on the moor lasted from early March to mid-July, and the Ten Tors Challenge created the potential for disturbance for March, when participants start training.To move the event to the autumn was difficult because children would be on holiday during the training period. There was a possibility that some schools in the Southwest move to a four-term year in 2004, “but until then any change was unlikely. The authority last surveyed bird life on Dartmoor two year ago and if the next survey showed any further decline, it would increase pressure to move the Challenge,” he said.Major Mike Pether, secretary of the army committee that organises the Challenge, said the event could be moved if there was the popular will. “The Ten Tors has been running for 42 years and it has always been at this time of the year. It is almost in tablets of stone but that’s not to say we won’t consider moving if there is a consensus in favour. However, although the RSPB would like it moved, 75 per cent of the people who take part want it to stay as it is,” he said. Major Pether said the trek could not be moved to earlier in the year because it would conflict with the lambing season, most of the children were on holiday in the summer, and the winter weather was too harsh.Datmoor National Park occupies some 54 sq km of hillstopped by granite outcrops known a s “Tors” with the highest Tor-capped hill reaching 621m. The valleys and dips between the hills are often sites of bogs to snare the unwary hiker. The moor has long been used by the British Army as a training and firing range. The origin of the event stretches back to 1959 when three Army officers exercising on the moor thought it would provide a challenge for civilians as well as soldiers. In the first year 203 youngsters took up the challenges. Since then teams, depending on age and ability, face hikes of 35, 45 or 55 miles between 10 nominated T ors over two days. They are expected to carry everything they need to survive.1. What is the Ten Tors Challenge? Give a brief introduction of its location and history.2. Why is it suggested that the event be moved to the autumn or other seasons?3. What are the difficulties if the event is moved to the autumn or other seasons?Questions 4～5Mike and Adam Hurewitz grew up together on Long Island, in the suburbs of New York City. They were very close, even for br others. So when Adam’s liver started failing, Mike offered to give him half of his. The operation saved Adam’s life. But Mike, who went into the hospital in seemingly excellent health, developed a complication—perhaps a blood colt—and died last week. He w as 57. Mike Hurewitz’s death has prompted a lot of soul searching in the transplant community. Was it a tragic fluke or a sign that transplant surgery has reachedsome kind of ethical limit? The Mount Sinai Medical Center, the New York City hospital where the complex double operation was performed, has put on hold its adult living donor liver transplant program, pending a review of Hurewitz’s death. Mount Sinai has performed about 100 such operations in the past three years.A 1-in-100 risk of dying may not seem like bad odds, but there’s more to this ethical dilemma than a simple ratio. The first and most sacred rule of medicine is to do no harm. “For a normal healthy person a mortality rate 1% is hard to justify,” says Dr. John Fung, chief of transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. “If the rate stays at 1%, it’s just not going to be accepted.” On the other hand, there’s an acute shortage of traditional donor organs from people who have died in accidents or suffered fatal heart attacks. If family members fully understand the risks and are willing to proceed, is there any reason to stand in their way? Indeed, a recent survey showed that most people will accept a mortality rate for living organ donors as high as 20%. The odds, thankfull y, aren’t nearly that bad. For kidney donors, for example, the risk ranges from 1 in 2, 500 to 1 in 4, 000 for a healthy volunteer. That helps explain why nearly 40% of kidney transplants in the U.S. come from living donors.The operation to transplant a liver, however, is a lot trickier than one to transplant a kidney. Not only is the liver packed with blood vessels, but it also makes lots of proteins that need to be produced in the right ratios for the body to survive. When organs from the recently deceased are used, the surgeon gets to pick which part of the donated liver looks the best and to take as much of it as needed. Assuming all goes well, a healthy liver cangrow back whatever portion of the organ is missing, sometimes within a month.A living-donor transplant works particularly well when an adult donates a modest portion of the liver to a child. Usually only the left lobe of the organ is required, leading to a mortality rate for living-donors in the neighborhood of 1 in 500 to 1 in 1, 000. But when the recipient is another adult, as much as 60% of the donor’s liver has to be removed. “There really is very little margin for error,” says Dr. Fung. By way of analogy, he suggests, think of a tree. “An adult-to-child living-donor transplant is like cutting off a limb. With an adult-to-adult transplant, you’re splitting the trunk in half and trying to keep both halves alive.”Even if a potential donor understand and accepts these risks, that doesn’t necessarily mean the operation should proceed. All sorts of subtle pressures can be brought to bear on such a decision, says Dr. Mark Siegler, director of the MacLean for Clinical Medical Ethics at the University of Chicago. “Sometimes the sicker the patient, the greater the pressure and the more willing the donor will be to accept risks.” If you feel you can’t say no, is your decision truly voluntary? And if not, is it the medical community’s responsibility to save you from your own best intentions?Transplant centers have developed screening programs to ensure that living donors fully understand the nature of their decision. But unexamined, for the most part, is the larger issue of just how much a volunteer should be allowed to sacrifice to save another human being. So far, we seem to be saying some risk isacceptable, although we’re still vaguer about where the cutoff should be. There will always be family members like Mike Hurewitz who are heroically prepared to make the ultimate sacrifice for a loved one. What the medical profession and society must de cide is if it’s appropriate to let them do so.4. Describe in your own words the liver transplant between the two brothers Mike and Adam.5. What is the major issue raised in the article?III. Writing (30’)Some people see education simply as going to school or college, or as a means to secure good jobs; other people view education as a lifelong process. In your opinion, how important is education to people in the modern society?Write a composition of about 400 words on your view of the topic.。
翻译硕士模拟考试题及答案
翻译硕士模拟考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个选项是“翻译硕士”的英文表达？A. Master of TranslationB. Master of Translation StudiesC. Master in TranslationD. Master of Translational Studies答案：B2. “信、达、雅”是哪位翻译家提出的翻译标准？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 王力D. 钱钟书答案：A3. 翻译理论中的“等效性”是由哪位学者提出的？A. Eugene NidaB. Peter NewmarkC. J.C. CatfordD. Nida答案：A4. 下列哪个是翻译过程中的常见问题？A. 语法错误B. 词汇选择不当C. 语义不明确D. 所有选项都是答案：D5. 翻译硕士课程通常包括哪些内容？A. 翻译技巧B. 语言对比C. 文化研究D. 所有选项都是答案：D...（此处省略中间题目，以保持篇幅适中）二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述翻译过程中的“直译”和“意译”的区别。
答案：直译是指在翻译时尽量保持原文的字面意思和结构，而意译则更注重传达原文的内在含义和精神，可能在语言形式上做出较大调整。
2. 描述翻译硕士课程中常见的评估方式。
答案：常见的评估方式包括课程论文、翻译实践、口译练习、模拟翻译项目、期末考试等。
3. 阐述翻译中如何处理文化差异。
答案：处理文化差异需要译者具备跨文化交际能力，能够识别和理解源语言和目标语言文化中的特定元素，并通过适当的翻译策略，如文化适应、文化补偿等，使译文既能传达原文的文化内涵，又能为目标语言读者所接受。
三、翻译实践题（每题25分，共50分）1. 将下列中文句子翻译成英文：“随着全球化的不断深入，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。
”答案：With the continuous deepening of globalization, cross-cultural communication is becoming increasingly important.2. 将下列英文句子翻译成中文："The advancement of technology has revolutionized the way we live and work."答案：技术的进步彻底改变了我们生活和工作的方式。
上海外国语大学英语语言文学考研中译英翻译练习
上海外国语大学英语语言文学考研中译英翻译练习英语试题中，翻译的题材政治、经济、文化等主题都可能会涉及。
今天再给筒子们分享几个中译英考研专项训练题，尝试做一下，感受一下题目的特点，平时也多做训练，加强应试能力。
练习一我写小说的道路张恨水我在十一二岁，看小说已经成迷了，十四五岁我就拿起笔来，仿照七侠五义的套子，构成一个十三岁的孩子，会玩大铁锤[1]。
这小说叫什么名字，现在记不得了，可是这里面我还画成了画，画一个小侠客，拿着两柄大锤，舞成了旋风舞[2]。
我为什么这样爱作小说，还要画侠客图呢？因为我的弟妹以及小舅父，喜欢听我说小侠客故事，有时我把图摊开来，他们也哈哈大笑。
至今我想起来，何以弄小说连图都画上了。
说我求名吗？除了家里三四个听客，于外没有人知道，当然不是。
说我求利吗？大人真个知道了，那真会笑掉了大牙。
当然也不是。
我就喜欢这样玩意，喜欢，我就高兴乱涂。
什么我也不求。
How I Started My Career as a NovelistZhang HenshuiI became engrossed in reading fiction when I was12.At15,I wrote a story patterned after Seven Swordsmen and Five Gallants[1].I did it like I was a small kid having the audacity to wield a heavy iron hammer.I have forgotten the title of the story,but,I remember,it was illustrated with my drawing of a hero dancing around like mad wielding a pair of giant maces.I enjoyed writing stories illustrated with my drawings of gallants because my younger brothers and sisters plus my young uncle all liked to listen to my storytelling.And they would be greatly amused when I sometimes showed them the illustrations.Did I seek fame?Of course not,for I had no other listeners except a handful of my own folks.Did I seek personal gain?No,not either, for that would have made a laughing stock of myself in the family.I did it for love. That's all there is to it.练习二我到十五六岁，小说读的更多了。
上外考研翻硕英语经济类题材阅读理解模拟题分享
上外考研翻硕英语经济类题材阅读理解模拟题分享Open-outcry trading is supposed to be a quaint, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures, the benchmark contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.The NYMEX is trying to snatch liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has hitherto concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from "locals"--self-employed traders--is helping to prop up open-outcry, although some reckon that customers pay up to five times as much aswith electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to abolish its floor. Only last month it signed a lease, lasting until 2011, for its trading floor in London.Dublin’s new pit is "showing promise", says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr L aughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be viable. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.Ultimately, having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable. Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little headway. And the NYMEX has dabbled in Brent contracts before, without success.Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not band together? There have been merger talks before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more staid IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the twoexchanges will slug it out--across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.1. The NYMEX and IPE are___________.[A] both using open outcry trading as a major trading form[B] partners that are reciprocal in their business activities[C] rivals that are competing in the oil trading market[D] both taking efforts to modernize their trading practic2.According to the author, one of the reasons that the NYMEX takesopen-outcry trading is__________.[A] the preference of its customers[B] the standard practice of energy exchange[C] the long tradition of this trading practice[D] the nostalgic feeling it arouses3. The word “glitches” (Line 2, Paragraph 4) most probably means_________.[A] backwardness[B] disappointments[C] engineers[D] problems4.From Paragraph 4 we can infer that_________.[A] trading volume in the IPE’s n ew morning electronic session is falling[B] London is a better business location for energy exchanges thanDublin[C] Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of Ireland[D] the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that___________.[A] it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businesses[B] the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shown[C] the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each other[D] the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting better答案：C A D B A篇章剖析本文介绍了两家能源交易所之间的商战。
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析(10)
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析（10）(1/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第1题NAFTA下一题(2/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第2题Swan song上一题下一题(3/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第3题Babel上一题下一题(4/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第4题wet blanket上一题下一题(5/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第5题POD上一题下一题(6/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第6题The Book of Songs上一题下一题(7/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第7题HDTV上一题下一题(8/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第8题non-tariff barrier上一题下一题(9/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第9题nationalization上一题下一题(10/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第10题moral hazard上一题下一题(11/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第11题CBS(12/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第12题give the floor to上一题下一题(13/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第13题Please rise for the national anthem.上一题下一题(14/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第14题civil society上一题下一题(15/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第15题ecological deterioration上一题下一题(1/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第16题三通上一题下一题(2/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第17题鸦片战争上一题下一题(3/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第18题诚信缺失上一题下一题(4/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第19题发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享上一题下一题(5/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第20题减少社会不平等现象上一题下一题(6/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第21题君子和而不同上一题下一题(7/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第22题混合经济(8/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第23题与国际接轨上一题下一题(9/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第24题政企分开上一题下一题(10/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第25题昼夜服务上一题下一题(11/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第26题希望工程上一题下一题(12/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第27题锁匠上一题下一题(13/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第28题红糖上一题下一题(14/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第29题中国人民银行上一题下一题(15/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第30题推进政务公开上一题下一题(1/1)Translate the following passages into Chinese (60 points)：第31题On LeadershipWhat is leadership? Its qualities are difficult to define. But they are not so difficult to identify.Leaders don’t force other people to go along with them. They bring them along. Leaders get commitment from others by giving it themselves，by building an environment that encourages creativity ,and by operating with honesty and fairness.Good leaders aren’t “ lone rangers. ” They recognize that an organization’s strategies for success require the combined talents and efforts of many people. Leadership is the catalyst for transforming those talents into results.Leaders know that when there are two opinions on an issue，one is not bound to bewrong.They recognize that hustle and rush are the allies of superficiality. They are open to new ideas，but they explore their ramifications thoroughly.Successful leaders are emotionally and intellectually oriented to the future—not wedded to the past. They have a hunger to take responsibility，to innovate，and to initiate. They are not content with merely taking care of what’s already there. They want to move forward to create something new.Leaders provide answers as well as direction，offer strength as well as dedication，and speak from experience as well as understanding of the problems they face and the people they work with.Leaders are flexible rather than dogmatic. They believe in unity rather than conformity. And they strive to achieve agreements out of conflict.Leadership is all about getting people consistently to give their best，helping them to grow to their fullest potential，and motivating them to work toward a common goal. Leaders make the right things happen when they’re supposed to.A good leader，an effective leader，is one who has respect. Respect is something you have to have in order to get. A leader who has respect for other people at all levels of an organization，for the work they do，and for their abilities，aspirations and needs，will find that respect is returned. And all concerned will be motivated to work together.上一题下一题(1/1)Translate the following passage into English (60 points)：第32题作为美国馆的首席合作伙伴，我们很荣幸地参与了本届上海世博会。
上海对外经贸大学2017年翻译硕士英语模拟测试题
XX对外经贸大学2017年研究生入学考试模拟题翻译硕士英语（100分 180分钟）一、选择题1. The_ is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on people’slives.A. zephyrB.zodiacC.zymeD.zest2. It’s a_ timetable. Sometime lessons happen, sometimes they don’t.A. haphazardB.odiousC.haughtyD.handicapped3. No men was allowed to_ on the livelihood of his neighbour.A. wadeB.invokeC.muffleD.infringe4. The poor man’s clothes were so_ that they couldn’t be repaired any more.A. oozedB.raggedC.moppedD.mocked5. The scents of the flowers was_ to us by the breeze.A. interceptedB.detestedC.saturatedD.wafted6. The machinery had been wrecked so efficiently that police were sure it was a case of_.A.vagabonedB.sabotageC.paradoxD.tachyon7. The actor amused the audience by_ some well-known people.A. embroideringB.riggingC.yelpingD.mimicking8. The speaker_ us with tales of exotic lands and buried treasure.A. detourB.offsetC.tantalizedhered9. I assure you there was no_ motive in my suggestion.A. ulteriorB.stationaryC. vulgarD. toxic10. Government loan have been the_ of several shaky business companies.A. tornadoB.salvationC.delinquencyD. momentum11. The hunter kept the lion’s skin and head as_.A. trophiesB. filletC. tulipD. clown12. We saw the canoe_, throwing its passengers into the water.A. prostrateB. overturnC. simulateD. brag13. He has been drinking alcohol so heavily that his death severely affected and got his_ alcoholically.A. quittanceB. qualmC. quailD. quietus14. The orphanage is just one of her_ causes.A. phoneticB. philanthropicC. prevalentD. lunatic15. After a period of probation a_ becomes a nun.A. sopranoB. hippie C novice D. monsieur16. Despite his wealth and position, he has an_ personality.A. unassumingB. unprecedentedC. underminingD. uncouth17. The island is maintained as a_ for endangered species.A. wetlandsB. sanctuaryC. mire D .heath18. If you_ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weaker, for example by adding water to it.A. adulterateB. moorC. vaccinateD. sue19. A_ is a grill on which meat, fish, and other foods are cooled over hot charcoal, usually out of doors.A. duetB. fagC. tonicD. barbecue20. The_ warned the sleeping troops that the enemy was creeping near.A. pickpocketB. picketC. pikeD. pickup二、阅读理解Text ANew and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer anized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes…Theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates.This is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram.An international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market.Buyers for stolen programs may range from a firm’s competitors to foreign nations.A competitor sabotages a company’s computer system to destroy or cripple the firm’s operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector.This computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm.With the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price.Criminal groups couldalso resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime.Politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent.Sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack.Several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base.A university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing.Computer vulnerability has been amply documented.One congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against anized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups.Investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics.Criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating political leaders….Compute rs are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery.Criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation.By sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun.By manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers.Cities and nations could become hostages.Homicide could take a now form.The computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century.The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international.It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences.Although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not.Many still think in terms of traditional criminology.1.How many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?[A]7[B]8[C]9[D]102.What is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a company’scomputer?[A]His purpose is to destroy or weaken the firm’s operational ability.[B]His purpose is to weaken firm’s competitive capability and get it.[C]His purpose is to buy the rival’s company at a relatively low price.[D]His purpose is to steal important data.3.Which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?[A]Sabotage of a university computer.[B]Sabotage of a hospital computer.[C]Sabotage of computer at a secret training base.[D]Sabotage of a factory computer.4.What does the author mean by “Homicide could take a new form”?[A]There is no need to use a gun in killing a person.[B]Criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.[C]The computer can replace any weapons.[D]The function of a computer is just like a gun.Text BThe increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the public—actually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignified—but rather an attempt by the Federal Reserve Board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.Naturally, such a move had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the FRB had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level.Such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19…,such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later.Obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guideline—and if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same course—continued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.The margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks hadenjoyed for the previous year—and the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.In past Investment Letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point.We continue to believe that this could be the case.For example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios.Below a certain ratio they are considered good value—above a certain ratio, overpriced.If a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a nume rical ratio upon the company’s earnings.We have also contended in the past Letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook.When investors—both the public and the institutions—are nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields.These same investors—when they are in an optimistic frame of mind—become for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth.If the public’s attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.5.The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is ___________[A]A Time to Sell Stock.[B]A Strong Stock Market[C]Raising the Margin Rate[C]Price/earnings Ratio in Steel6.When investors are pessimistic what do they do?[A]They look to the FRB for help.[B]They buy steel[C]They buy automobile stocks.[D]They look for high yields.7.Why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?[A]Because analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio.[B]Because the activity had been limited to blue chips.[C]Because the rise was conservative.[D]Because of the FRB action.8.When investors are optimistic, what do they do?[A]They look for accelerated growth.[B]They buy speciality stocks.[C]They look for high yields.[D]They are more prudent.Text CIf you want to know why Denmark is the world's leader in wind power, start with a three-hour car trip from the capital Copenhagen --mind the bicyclists --to the small town of Lem on the far west coast of Jutland．You'll feel it as you cross the 6.8 km-long Great Belt Bridge：Denmark's bountiful wind，so fierce even on a calm summer's day that itthreatens to shove your car into the waves below．But wind itself is onlypart of the reason．In Lem，workers in factories the size of aircrafthangars build the wind turbines sold by Vestas，the Danish company thathas emerged as the industry's top manufacturer around the globe．Thework is both gross and fine；employees weld together massive curvedsheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building，andassemble engine housings(机器外罩)that hold some 18,000 separateparts．Most impressive are the turbine's blades, which scoop the windwith each sweeping revolution．As smooth as an Olympic swimsuit andhoned to aerodynamic perfection，each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg，and they’re what help make Vestas’turbines the best in theworld．“The blade is where the secret is，”says Erik Therkelsen，aVestas executive．“If we can make a turbine，it's sold．”But technology, like the wind itself is just one more part of the reason for Denmark's dominance．In the end，it happened because Denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader and to follow through．Beginning in 1979，the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry．Copenhagen covered 30% of investment costs，and guaranteed loans for large turbine exporters such as Vestas．It also mandated that utilities purchase wind energy at a preferential price—thus guaranteeing investors a customer base．Energy taxes were channeled into research centres，where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like Vestas’3-magawatt(MW)V90 turbine．As a result．wind turbines now dot Denmark．The country gets more than 1 9％of its electricity from the breeze(Spain and Portugal，the next highest countries，get about 1 0％)and Danish companies control one—third of the global wind market，earning billions in exports and creating a national champion from scratch．“They were out early in driving renewables，and that gave them the chance to be a technology leader and a job—creation leader,”says Jake Schmidt，international climate policy director for the New York City—based Natural Resources Defense Council．“They have always been one or two steps ahead of others."The challenge now for Denmark is to help the rest of the world catch up．Beyond wind，the country(pop.5.5 million)is a world leader in energy efficiency，getting more GDP per watt than any other member of the E．U．Carbon emissions are down 13.3％from 1990 levels and total energy consumption has barely moved，even as Denmark's economy continued to grow at a healthy clip．With Copenhagen set to host all-important U．N．climate change talks in December --where the world hopes for a successor to the expiring Kyoto Protocol -- and the global recession beginning to hit environmental plans in capitals everywhere，Denmark's example couldn't be more timely．“We'll try to make Denmark a showroom.”says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen．“You can reduce energy use and carbon emissions，and achieve economic growth."It's tempting to assume that Denmark is innately green，with the kind of Scandinavian good conscience that has made it such a pleasant global citizen since，oh，the whole Viking thing．But the country’s policies were actually born from a different emotion，one now in common currency：fear．When the 1973 oil crisis hit，90％of Denmark's energy came from petroleum，almost all of it imported．Buffeted by the same supply shocks that hit the rest of the developed world，Denmark launched a rapid drive for energy conservation，to the point ofintroducing car-free Sundays and asking businesses to switch off lights during closing hours．Eventually the Mideast oil started flowing again，and the Danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the North Sea．It was enough to make them more than self-sufficient．But unlike most other countries，Denmark never forgot the lessons of l973，and kept driving for greater energy efficiency and a more diversified energy supply．The Danish parliament raised taxes on energy to encourage conservation and established subsidies and standards to support more efficient buildings．“It all started out without any regard for the climate or the environment，”says SvendAuken，the former head of Denmark’s opposition Social Democrat Party and the architect of the country's environmental policies in the 1990s．“But today there’s a consensus that we need to build renewable power."To the rest of the world，Denmark has the power of its example showing that you can stay rich and grow green at the same time．“Denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience，not just painful,”says NRDC's Schmidt．The real pain could come from failing to follow in their footsteps．9．Which of the following is NOT cited as a main reason for Denmark's world leadership in wind power? A．Technology．B．Wind．C．Government drive． D．Geographical location．10．The author has detailed some of the efforts of the Danish Government in promoting the wind industry in order to showA．the government’s determination．B．the country’s subsidy and loan policies．C．the importance of export to the country．D．the role of taxation to the economy．11．What does the author mean by“Denmark's example couldn’t be more timely”?A．Denmark's energy-saving efforts cannot be followed by other countries．B．Denmark can manufacture more wind turbines for other countries．C．Denmark's energy-saving Success offers the world a useful model．D．Denmark aims to show the world that it can develop even faster．12．Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?A．Not to save energy could lead to serious consequences．B．Energy saving cannot go together with economic growth．C．Energy saving efforts can be painful but positive．D．Denmark is a powerful leader in the global wind market．Text DPop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty.Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands togreet them.The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols.The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes.They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguards.Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are news.If they enjoy many of the privileges of Royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well.It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public.They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them.They are no longer private individuals, but public property.The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomical.And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly.The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale.Bytoday’s standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite sospectacular.A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did.The competition for the title‘Top of the Pops’is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossal.It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way.Don’t the topmen in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency – often more than large industrial concerns – and the taxman can only be grateful fro their massive annual contributions to the exchequer.So who would begrudge them their rewards?It’s all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about thesuccesses and rewards of others.People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg.For every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living.A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards.He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn.But a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormousrisks.He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top.He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure.But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the recompense for the huge risks involved and if he achieves them, he has certainly earned them.That’s the essence of private enterprise.13.The sentence Pop stars’ style of living was once the prerogative only of Royalty means ___________[A] their life was as luxurious as that of royalty.[B] They enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty.[C] They are rather rich.[D] Their way of living was the same as that of the royalty.14.What is the author’s attitude toward top stars’ high income?[A] Approval.[B] Disapproval.[C] Ironical.[D] Critical.15.It can be inferred from the passage ___________[A] there exists fierce competition in climbing to the top.[B] People are blind in idolizing stars.[C] Successful Pop stars give great entertainment.[D] The tax they have paid are great.16.What can we learn from the passage?[A] Successful man should get high-income repayment.[B] Pop stars made great contribution to a country.[C] Pop stars can enjoy the life of royalty.[D] Successful men represent the tip of the iceberg.Text EWe might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations.For all the pious claim that examinations text what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell younothing about a person’s true ability an d aptitude.As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.That is because so much depends on them.They are the mark of success of failure in our society.Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day.Itdoesn’tmatter that you weren’t feeling very well, or that your motherdied.Little things like that don’t count：the exam goes on.No one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do.The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured.Can wewonder at the increasing number of ‘drop-outs’：young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself.The examination system does anything but that.What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize.Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming.They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms.Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise.The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner.Examiners are only human.They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes.Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time.They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates.And their word carries weight.After a judge’s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an e xaminer’s.There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities.Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis.The bestcomment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall：‘I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a teenage millionaire.’17.The main idea of this passage is ___________[A] examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.[B] examinations are ineffective.[C] examinations are profitable for institutions.[D] examinations are a burden on students.18.The author’s attitude toward examinations is ___________[A]detest.[B] approval.[C] critical.[D] indifferent.19.The fate of students is decided by ___________[A] education.[B] institutions.[C] examinations.[D] students themselves.20.According to the author, the most important of a good education is ___________[A] to encourage students to read widely.[B] to train students to think on their own.[C] to teach students how to tackle exams.[D] to master his fate.三、修辞填空Oxymoron parody Euphemism Hyperbole Alliteration Chiasmus Pun Repetition epistrophe irony1.Mary's two daughters are different in their personalities in a thousand and one ways.2.She is auditory-impaired3.The coach had a bitter-sweet memories4.The man is not rich because he is honest, but he is honest because he is rich(Defoe)5.The world believes in the wonder worker, not in the words of wisdom. (Richard Jefferson)6.So he laid down his arms.7.Well, of course, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.8.To eat is human; to digest, divine.9.It is in the soil of ignorance that poverty is planted. It is in the soil of ignorance that diseaseflourishes. It is in the soil of ignorance that racial and religious strife takes root (Lyndon B. Johnson)10.And this day will come, shall come, must come.四、神话词汇填空1.Pygmalion2.Trojan horses3.Achilles’ heel．4.an apple of discord5.Greek gifts6.cut the Gordian knot7.swan song8.a Helen of Troy9.herculean task 10. the sword of damocles1.Tired of political dodges，the candidate decided to ________ by announcing that he would run．2.Vietnam was President Johnson’s ______________．3.The compilation of the Oxford English Dictionary was a ____________．4.The dispute about inheriting estate formed _____________between them.5.The superpowers are always sending the _____________to many countries in the world.6.He is always buying you expensive clothes, I'm afraid they are______________for you.7.It is unfair that historians always attribute the fall of kingdoms to ____________.8.Thanks to her agent，a veritable___________，she was transformed from an ugly duckling into a Hollywood beauty.9.All the tickets have been sold for the singer's performance in London this week--the public clearly believes that this will be her ___________. 10.One person close to the company compared the government's role to _________, an ever-present evil hanging over their heads.五、作文Some believe that people should never be satisfies with what they have and should always strive for something new and different, but there are also people who believe that those who constantly fell satisfied tend to be happy. What is your opinion? Write a composition of about 600 words on the following topic:Does Satisfaction Bring Happiness?In the first pact of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In tire last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
上外考研翻译硕士英语阅读理解单选模拟题The company that revolutionized the delivery of information now aims to do the same with electricity. Technology powerhouse Google today announced it would spend "tens of millions" of dollars next year in research and development and investments in an effort to drive down the cost of large-scale renewable energy to make it cheaper than coal. Not only will Google be hiring engineers and energy experts for its new initiative, known as RE<C (renewable energy at less cost than coal), but it also will make investments in fledgling companies—starting with those that focus on solar-thermal technology, enhanced geothermal, and high-altitude wind power. "Cheap renewable energy is not only critical for the environment but also vital for economic development in many places where there is limited affordable energy of any kind," said Sergey Brin, Google cofounder and president of technology, in a prepared statement.Coal supplies 40 percent of the world’s electricity and more than half of U.S. power, and if current trends continue, it is expected to grab an ever increasing share because it is a plentiful and cheap fuel for big consumers like China and the United States. But coal is also the worst fuel in its production of the global warming gas carbon dioxide. Google cofounder Larry Page said the company’s goal is to produce one gigawattof renewable energy capacity that is cheaper than coal within "years, not decades." Google says that’s enough electricity to power a city the size of San Francisco (about 330,000 households).Google, located in Mountain View, Calif., said it was initially working with two other California companies. They are eSolar, of Pasadena, which is specializing in solar-thermal power, using large fields of mirrors to concentrate sunlight and generate steam to run utility-scale electric turbines, and Makani of Alameda, which is developing wind energy technology that takes advantage of the much stronger and more reliable currents available at high altitudes.Google did not specify how much money it was putting into its projects with these companies but said they both had "promising scalable energy technologies." This portion of the initiative will be funded through the company’s philanthropic arm, , which is not a traditional charity but can make equity investments in companies. Brin and Page have pledged 1 percent of Google’s equity and profits toward efforts including climate change and global poverty.The RE<C program is the latest of a series of steps Google has taken on climate change. The company says it is on track in its goal to be carbon neutral in 2007. It installed one of the largest corporate solar panel installations anywhere, a 1.6-megawatt rooftop system on its Mountain View campus.The company also has a project to accelerate development and adoption of ultrahigh-efficiency plug-in hybrid cars. Google has been lobbying for inclusion of a nationwide renewable energy portfolio goal in the energy legislation currently under negotiation on Capitol Hill. And the company is working on an energy-efficient computing initiative with other Silicon Valley companies.1.The word “fledgling” (Line 7, Paragraph 1) most probably means_____[A] inexperienced.[B] promising.[C] new.[D] initiative.2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the coal?[A] It is a kind of controversial fuel given its large quantity and its harm to the harm the environment.[B] It is a plentiful and cheap fuel that will surely earn more market share.[C] It will be totally replaced by the renewable energy in years because it produces the worst gas—a carbon dioxide.[D] It is supported by enthusiastic countries like China and U.S.3. is a _____[A] conventional type of charity organization.[B] equity investor in companies.[C] a branch website of that focuses on charity activities.[D] environmental organization that specializes in promoting green fuel.4. Which one of the following is not TRUE of RE<C programme?[A] It will be realized through investments in solar and wind energy companies.[B] It is a programme of environmental protection.[C] It is one of the measures taken to neutralize carbon.[D] It can come into true in a few years.5. The best title of this passage is_____[A] Google’s RE<C programme.[B]Google, the Energy Revolutionary.[C] Google, the Environmental Protector.[D] Google’s Renewable Energy Project.文章剖析：这篇文章是有关Google公司在能源方面计划进行的一场革命，要用低廉的可再生能源来替代煤炭。