剑桥金融财务英语(acca)课件
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《ACCA考试之财务管理 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT》课件PPT 1 Financial Management and financialobjectives
financial management is concerned with the long term raising of finance and the allocation and control of resources.
➢management accounting is concerned with day-to-day planning, control and decision making.
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Exam guide
Discussion question, or Financial ratios computation and discussion
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1 the nature, purpose and scope of financial management
Fast forward
Financial management decisions cover investment decisions, financing decisions, dividend decisions and risk management.
15
1.4 Financial management decisions
Investment decisions
Allocation of resources
Fixed assets Current assets Risk and return expected
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1.4 Financial management decisions
➢ financial accounting reports to external interested parties the results of the decisions taken by management (historical information), not directly involved in the day-to-day planning, control and decision making of an oቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱganization
➢management accounting is concerned with day-to-day planning, control and decision making.
8
Exam guide
Discussion question, or Financial ratios computation and discussion
9
1 the nature, purpose and scope of financial management
Fast forward
Financial management decisions cover investment decisions, financing decisions, dividend decisions and risk management.
15
1.4 Financial management decisions
Investment decisions
Allocation of resources
Fixed assets Current assets Risk and return expected
16
1.4 Financial management decisions
➢ financial accounting reports to external interested parties the results of the decisions taken by management (historical information), not directly involved in the day-to-day planning, control and decision making of an oቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱganization
《ACCA考试之财务管理 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT》课件PPT 5 Managing working capital
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1.1 The basic EOQ formula
Key term
The economic order quantity (EOQ) is the optimal ordering quantity for an item of inventory which will minimize costs (order set-up + holding costs). Let D = usage in unit for one period (the demand)
4
1 Managing inventory
Fast forward
An economic order quantity can be calculated as a guide to minimizing costs in managing inventory level. Bulks discounts can however mean that a different order quantity minimizing inventory costs.
I * Q* U 2
2Co D U CH
16
1.3 Uncertainties in demand and lead times: a re-order level system
Fast forward
Uncertainties in demand and lead times taken to fulfill orders mean that inventory will be ordered once it reaches a re-order level Re-order level = maximum usage × maximum lead time
1.1 The basic EOQ formula
Key term
The economic order quantity (EOQ) is the optimal ordering quantity for an item of inventory which will minimize costs (order set-up + holding costs). Let D = usage in unit for one period (the demand)
4
1 Managing inventory
Fast forward
An economic order quantity can be calculated as a guide to minimizing costs in managing inventory level. Bulks discounts can however mean that a different order quantity minimizing inventory costs.
I * Q* U 2
2Co D U CH
16
1.3 Uncertainties in demand and lead times: a re-order level system
Fast forward
Uncertainties in demand and lead times taken to fulfill orders mean that inventory will be ordered once it reaches a re-order level Re-order level = maximum usage × maximum lead time
《ACCA考试之财务管理 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT》课件PPT 4 Working Capital
For a wholesale or retail business, there will be no raw materials or WIP holding periods, and the cycle simplifies:
Cash operating cycle= stock holding period + debtors’ collections period – creditors’ payment period.
Capital assets
Long-term debt and equity
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1.1 Working capital characteristic of different business
Holding inventory Taking time to pay suppliers and other account payable Allowing customers time to pay
> current liabilities
Current liabilities
Capital assets
Long-term debt and equity
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NWC: An operational focus
Current assets = current liabilities
Current assets
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3 Role of working capital management
Fast forward
A business needs to have clear policies for management of each component of working capital.
Cash operating cycle= stock holding period + debtors’ collections period – creditors’ payment period.
Capital assets
Long-term debt and equity
11
1.1 Working capital characteristic of different business
Holding inventory Taking time to pay suppliers and other account payable Allowing customers time to pay
> current liabilities
Current liabilities
Capital assets
Long-term debt and equity
9
NWC: An operational focus
Current assets = current liabilities
Current assets
15
3 Role of working capital management
Fast forward
A business needs to have clear policies for management of each component of working capital.
《ACCA考试之财务管理 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT》课件PPT 6 Working Capital Finance
Cash budgeting
Short-Term financing strategies for cash shortages
Marketable security investment strategies for cash surpluses
8
Flow of funds
Creditors Shareholders Governments
Cash receipts Cash disbursements Net cash flow Cash shortfalls and surpluses
Beginning cash balance + Net cash flow =Ending cash balance
Minimum cash balance
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2.1 The usefulness of cash flow forecasts
One of the most important planning tools Giving management an indication of potential problems that could arise and allows them the opportunity to take action to avoid such problems.
long term Make long term investment; expand; diversify; surplus Update/replace non-current assets
Long term Raising long term finance deficit Consider shutdown/disinvestment opportunities
《ACCA考试之财务管理 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT》课件PPT 6 Working Capital Finance
Paper F9 Financial Management
Accounting School
1
Chapter 6
Working capital finance
2
Topic list
The management of cash Cash flow forecasts Treasury management Cash management models Investing surplus cash Working capital funding strategies
cash sales
collections
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1.1 Why organization hold cash
liquidity v profitability
Profitability varies inversely with liquidity. Increased liquidity generally comes at the expense of reduced profitability.
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The cash Management Activity
Speeding up receipts
Slowing down disbursements
Maintaining sound banking relationship
Management of cash flow
Establishing an optimal cash balance
3
Exam guide
The material covered in this chapter is highly examinable. Any of the calculation could form part or all of a question and you need to also be able to explain the meaning of your answers.
Accounting School
1
Chapter 6
Working capital finance
2
Topic list
The management of cash Cash flow forecasts Treasury management Cash management models Investing surplus cash Working capital funding strategies
cash sales
collections
9
1.1 Why organization hold cash
liquidity v profitability
Profitability varies inversely with liquidity. Increased liquidity generally comes at the expense of reduced profitability.
7
The cash Management Activity
Speeding up receipts
Slowing down disbursements
Maintaining sound banking relationship
Management of cash flow
Establishing an optimal cash balance
3
Exam guide
The material covered in this chapter is highly examinable. Any of the calculation could form part or all of a question and you need to also be able to explain the meaning of your answers.
剑桥金融财务英语part2accounting
• Credit n. 贷,贷方,贷记
– Credit card 贷记卡
•
v. 计入贷方,贷计
– Credit an account 计入贷方账
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• The double-entry system uses a series of ledger accounts.(分类帐帐户)
• A ledger account is created for every category of income, expenditure, asset and liability, plus the capital accDebit entries Credit entries
(left side)
(right side)
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• Double-entry accounting means to record the dual effects of each business transaction. Each transaction affects at least two accounts.
Part two Accounting
12/13/2019
Accounting、bookkeeping、auditing
（4学时）
Company law（2学时） Assumptions and principles（3学时）
Depreciation and amortization（1学时） Financial statements（8学时）
• 会计涉及到记账以及对一个组织的业务交易进行 总结，比如购买与销售，以财务报表的形式进行 汇报。
12/13/2019
Financial accounting includes bookkeeping, and preparing financial statements for shareholders and creditors; 财务会计包括记账和为股东和债权人编制会 计报表
英国某大学财务分析课程(英文版)(ppt 25页)
• Financial analysts are: – information intermediaries; they digest information and provide summary information to the public/less sophisticated investors. – especially important where capital markets are well developed.
– Different purposes require different approach to analysis – Focus of this course: analysis of financial performance and financial
position in order to forecast future payoffs to equityholders
• Dell’s shares traded at a P/E of 87.9!
• Despite healthy trading and forecasted growth Dell’s stock appeared over-valued. – In 2000 the per share stock price fell from $58 in early 2000 to $29 in 2003. The price had only recovered to $40 in 2005.
They are doing: • Fundamental analysis: contextual analysis of all publicly available
information in order to value the company.
– Different purposes require different approach to analysis – Focus of this course: analysis of financial performance and financial
position in order to forecast future payoffs to equityholders
• Dell’s shares traded at a P/E of 87.9!
• Despite healthy trading and forecasted growth Dell’s stock appeared over-valued. – In 2000 the per share stock price fell from $58 in early 2000 to $29 in 2003. The price had only recovered to $40 in 2005.
They are doing: • Fundamental analysis: contextual analysis of all publicly available
information in order to value the company.
剑桥金融财务英语part 1
Capital (continued)
The people who invest (投资) money，known as share capital (股本), in shares are called shareholders (股东) and they own (拥有) part of the company. Individuals and financial institutions, called investors (投资者), can also lend (借出) money to companies by buying bonds---loans that pay interest and are repaid at a fixed future date. Money that is owed (欠)--- have to be paid--- is called debt or liabilities (负债).
Outgoing（开支）: Amounts of money that people have to spend regularly, including:
Living expenses (日常开支): money spent on everyday needs such as food, clothes and public transport. Bills (账单): requests for the payment of money owed for services such as electricity, gas and telephone connections. Rent (租金): money paid for the use of a house or flat. Mortgage (贷款): repayments of money borrowed to buy a house or flats. Health insurance (人身保险): financial protection against
剑桥金融财务英语(acca)
10
2017年7月5日
3 Accounting and accountancy
A Accounting Accounting(会计） involves recording（记录） and summarizing an organization’s transactions （交易） or business deals, such as purchases and sales, and reporting them in the form of financial statement. In many countries, the accounting or accountancy （会计师）profession has professional organizations which operate their own training and examination systems, and make technical and ethical rules ：these relate to accepted ways of doing things.
2017年7月5日 2
B. ome(收入): All the money a person receives or earns. This can include: Salary(工资): money paid monthly; or wages: money paid by the day or the hour, usually received weekly. Overtime (加班费): money received for working extra hours. Commission (佣金): a certain percentage of the income the employee generates, such as sales person. Bonus (红利): extra money given for meeting a target or for good financial results. Fees (酬金): money paid to professional people such as lawyers and architects. Social security, or welfare (社会保险): money paid by the government to unemployed and sick people. Pension (养老金): money paid by a company or the government to a 3 2017年7月person. 5日 retired
2017年7月5日
3 Accounting and accountancy
A Accounting Accounting(会计） involves recording（记录） and summarizing an organization’s transactions （交易） or business deals, such as purchases and sales, and reporting them in the form of financial statement. In many countries, the accounting or accountancy （会计师）profession has professional organizations which operate their own training and examination systems, and make technical and ethical rules ：these relate to accepted ways of doing things.
2017年7月5日 2
B. ome(收入): All the money a person receives or earns. This can include: Salary(工资): money paid monthly; or wages: money paid by the day or the hour, usually received weekly. Overtime (加班费): money received for working extra hours. Commission (佣金): a certain percentage of the income the employee generates, such as sales person. Bonus (红利): extra money given for meeting a target or for good financial results. Fees (酬金): money paid to professional people such as lawyers and architects. Social security, or welfare (社会保险): money paid by the government to unemployed and sick people. Pension (养老金): money paid by a company or the government to a 3 2017年7月person. 5日 retired
acca课件
公司法基本原则及案例分析
公司法的基本原则
公司法规定了公司的设立、组织、行为和终止等方面的内容。它强调了公司的法 定性、独立性和责任性。公司必须依法设立，具有独立的法人地位，并能够独立 承担责任。
案例分析
以阿里巴巴集团为例，探讨公司法的实际应用。阿里巴巴集团作为一家大型互联 网公司，其股权结构、治理结构、业务模式等方面都涉及到公司法的相关规定。 通过对这个案例的分析，可以深入了解公司法在实际中的应用和作用。
财务报表分析
资产负债表分析
现金流量表分析
通过分析资产负债表，了解企业的资 产、负债和所有者权益的结构和质量 ，评估企业的偿债能力和资产质量。
通过分析现金流量表，了解企业的现 金流入和流出情况，评估企业的现金 产生和运用能力。
利润表分析
通过分析利润表，了解企业的收入、 成本和利润情况，评估企业的盈利能 力和经营效率。
ACCA课件
目 录
• 引言 • 财务报告与审计 • 税务与公司法 • 财务管理与决策分析 • 战略管理与领导力发展 • 职业道德与职业发展
01
引言
ACCA简介
特许公认会计师公会（ACCA ）是全球领先的专业会计师组 织，提供全面的、高质量的会 计资格认证。
ACCA认证被广泛认可，作为 国际会计准则和国际财务报告 准则的重要推动者。
03
税务与公司法
税务概述
税务的基本概念
税务是指国家依据其税收法律和法规 ，对纳税人或纳税人的应税行为进行 征收和管理的活动。税务涵盖了税收 的各个方面，包括税种、税率、税收 优惠政策等。
税务的作用
税务在国家治理中具有重要的作用。 它为国家提供了稳定的财政收入，支 持了国家的发展和建设。同时，税务 还调节了经济，引导了社会资源的合 理配置。
英文版财务会计51页PPT
Copyright © 2007 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved
14
Going Concern Concept
• Assumes that the entity will remain in operation for the foreseeable future
Copyright © 2007 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved
28
Exercise 1-17
5
Ethics
• Audit
– Examination of company’s financial situation – Performed by independent accountants
• Sarbanes-Oxley Act
– Criminal offense to falsify financial statements
• AICPA – Code of Professional Conduct for Accountants
• IMA – Standards of Ethical Conduct
Copyright © 2007 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved
7
Types of Business Organizations
Copyright © 2007 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved
2
Decision Makers
• Individuals • Businesses • Investors • Creditors • Taxing Authorities
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Social security, or welfare (社会保险): money paid by the government to unemployed and sick people.
Pension (养老金): money paid by a company or the government to a
Overtime (加班费): money received for working extra hours.
Commission (佣金): a certain percentage of the income the employee generates, such as sales person.
equities (股票) -certificates representing units of ownership (所有权).
The people who invest (投资) money，known
as share capital (股本), in shares are called
Money is often in the form of cash(现金) and bank deposits(银行存款).
Cash includes notes(纸币) and coins(硬币).
Bank deposits: money in the bank accounts (银行 账户).
Mortgage (贷款): repayments of money borrowed to buy a house or flats.
Health insurance (人身保险): financial protection against
medial expenses for sickness or accidental injuries.
Professional English in Use Finance
剑桥金融财务英语
授课老师：杨孙蕾（博士、CPA)
2002200年/33/2月323日
1
1 Money and income 货币和收入
A. Currency 货币
The money officially used in a country is its currency, such as euros, dollars, RMB, etc.
Money that is owed (欠)--- have to be paid--- is called
debt or liabilities (负债).
2002200年/33/2月323日
6
Capital (continued)
Capital can also come from issuing shares or
Bills (账单): requests for the payment of money owed for services such as electricity, gas and telephone connections.
Rent (租金): money paid for the use of a house or flat.
Company（借款人） bankfinancial institutions, called investors (投资者), can also lend (借出) money to companies by buying bonds---loans that pay interest and are repaid at a fixed future date.
2002200年/33/2月323日
2
B. Personal finance
1. Income(收入): All the money a person receives or earns. This can include:
Salary(工资): money paid monthly; or wages: money paid by the day or the hour, usually received weekly.
2002200年/33/2月323日
5
2 Business finance 公司财务
A. Capital 资本
Capital is the money used to set up (建立) or start a company.
Capital can come from loan (借款), borrowed (借入) from banks. The loan must be paid back (偿还) with interest (利息).
Bonus (红利): extra money given for meeting a target or for good financial results.
Fees (酬金): money paid to professional people such as lawyers and architects.
tax (税收):money paid to finance government spending.
2002200年/33/2月323日
4
Budget(预算)：a financial plan, showing how much money a person or organization expects to earn and spend .
re200t22i00r年/e33/d2月32p3日erson.
3
Outgoing（开支）: Amounts of money that people have to spend regularly, including:
Living expenses (日常开支): money spent on everyday needs such as food, clothes and public transport.