人教版高中英语必修五unit2课文重点练习详解

Unit 2. The United KingdomPUZZLES INGEOGRAPHY People may wonder（=want to know/ be surprised）why different words are used(主动如何表达) to describe these four countries:England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question (means: the question will be clear if…) if you study British history.First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to(=mention) England youfind (that) Wales (is) included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict (peacefully/in a peaceful way) when King James ofScotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the south ern part of Ireland was unwilling and brokeaway to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.(qs; ‘联合’有几种表达方式)To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they will have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal system as well as differentfootball terms for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and theone nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find （that）most of the population( is)settled in the south, but most of the indust rial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they haveworld-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities （which/that are）built in the nineteenth century）do not attract visitors. For histor ical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns（built by the Romans.）There you willfind out more about British history and culture.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings.(where there are museums,…). It is the centre of national government and its administration(政府/政府部门). It has the oldest port （built by the Romans in the first century AD,）the oldest building （begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s ）and the oldest castle （constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.）There have been four sets （批/次）of invaders ofEngland. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary andplace-names of the Northof England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castlesand introduced new words for food.（eg:pork，motton, beef）(affect,effect,impress,influe nce:影响。

Affect:具体的影响。

Effect:使发生。

Impress:持久的效果。

Influence：抽象的影响。

Eg: The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.Effect a change in temperature.What impressed most is…Be influenced by the weather.What influenced you to choose a career in teaching?)If you look around the British countryside you willfind evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.SIGHTSEEING IN LONDON(As she was)Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites (she wanted to see in London). Her first delight (=the fist place she wanted to visit) was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066.fancy! (=great) This solid stone,square tower had remained standing for one thousand years. Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels (which were) guarded by special royal soldiers who,on special occasions, still wore thefour-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.There followed St Paul's Cathedral (built after the terrible fire of London in 1666). It looked splendid when (it was) first built! Westminster Abbey,too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside ofBuckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock (that sets the world time.) (What interested her most) was the longitude line. It is an imaginary linedividing (which divides) the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. Itseemed strange (that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.) Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another buildingand the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled (very very excited) by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures (which were) displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects onshow (displayed), she felt very proud of her country.The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen?" she wondered (=she asked herself) as she fell asleep.Word study1. Consist of=be made up ofThe committee consists of seven members, Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.2. puzzle n 1) 迷，难题；玩具2）迷惑，困惑（只用单数）A Chinese puzzle复杂难懂之事(比喻)A cross-word puzzleBe in a puzzleabout(对……大惑不解)I am in puzzle about the matter.Vt.把……难住，使……迷惑The question puzzled me /I am puzzled by the question.3.有动词work构成的词组；Work well(做得好)work in/into(渗透)work at (从事)work out(算出)Pay attention the past participle, what is it used for?1 in the morning people woke up and found the world outside their houses completely changed.2 Where did you get your book printed?3 Three famous parks in and around London had over 1,400 trees blown over4 later on the centre had a large number of trees planted.5 we have our classroom cleaned after school everyday.6 while you were out, you should keep your doors and windows closed.7 we had better work harder to get the work done on time.8 speak a little louder to make yourself heard by us all.Can you smell the food burnt?You should keep her informed of what is going on.P50 exercise3 translation1 Thrilled fans rushed to see David Beckham as he arrived in Japan.2 In order to celebrate my cousin’s wedding, myuncle and aunt have arranged a party.3 Karl Marx wrote some of his books on communism in the British Library, which has a splendid collection of books.4 The ancient pots at the museum attract artists nationwide with theirbeautiful colures and excellent workmanship.5 “Don’t treat your clothes roughly.” said my mother.” They will last longer if you wash them carefully and fold them up neatly.”6 The race was getting tenser all the time.7 The possibility of renting that furnished flat to me isvery small-the owner of the flat is asking too much money.8 Royal families and ordinary families are alike. They often have disagreement and sometimes quarrel!P50 using language exercise 11 When I got home I found the flower pots broken2 When the paths were covered in snow I got them cleared.3 As my computer is broken I got it mended.4 When I was away I had the trees planted in my garden.5 when I came back I found the street flooded after the storm.6 he said he would get the work finished by Monday.7 I found Shanghai changed a lot after such a long time.8 I am going to have my hair cut/done at the hairdresser’s tomorrow.Writing taskDear Sir or Madam,I’m sorry that I have to write this letter to you.I hate untidy dining halls and ours is particularly dirty. Peopleseem to treat it as if it were rubbish area. They leave the leftover food about on the table or on the floor. This makes the hall look particularly unpleasant for other people who come to eat there.But I have several solutions. First, make people pick up their ownlitter. We can do this by asking some of the older students to walk around the hall and watch out for those that drop litter. Second, we can put posters around the hall asking people to be more thoughtful for others. They should leave the hall as they would wish to find it.Third, we can make those who are found dropping litter stay behind. They can tidy up the hall after all the students have finished their meals.I hope you find my ideas useful.Thank you for any help you can give.Yours sincerely,XXX。