3#楼铝门窗设计总说明
3 4指南各项目标及建议
3 4指南各项目标及建议最近在做“3 4指南各项目标及建议”这块,有点心得要说说。
这“3 4指南”啊,目标看起来就挺复杂的。
先说这其中的3个大目标吧。
我觉得第一个目标就是得理清框架,就像建房子得有个蓝图一样。
我刚开始的时候就很懵,完全不知道从哪儿下手。
有一次啊,做一个小项目就得按照这个3 4指南来,结果第一步就卡壳了。
我当时就瞎搞,到处乱找资料,完全没有章法。
后来我觉得啊,对于这种要理清框架的目标,一开始就得静下心来好好研究指南的介绍文档,哪怕是枯燥也得看进去。
虽然这个建议听着简单,但做起来真不容易。
还有就是多向有经验的人请教,我就找了个以前做过类似的前辈,他一点拨,我就感觉思路清晰多了。
不过呢,我也知道这个方法有局限性,因为不是随时都能找到这么合适的人请教。
替代方案嘛,就是在网络论坛上搜搜相关的分析帖子。
我感觉第二个目标呢,是操作起来要细致。
我记得我在做某个环节的时候,因为太粗糙了,导致后面很多流程都得返工。
这就好比做饭,盐放多了想补救就很难了。
所以我得出的经验就是,每一步操作,都要先在脑子里过一遍可能会出现的问题。
比如说,我后来会在做之前先写一个小的步骤大纲,然后对照着这个大纲一一执行,每执行完一步就检查一下。
但是这个也有不好的地方,就是太费时间。
那替代的方法呢,就是和团队里的小伙伴互相检查,这样说不定能发现自己没看到的问题。
还有啊,第三个目标,我觉得是得有灵活应变的能力。
行业里变化太快了,这3 4指南虽然明确了方向,但难免会遇到新情况。
我有次遇到突发问题,就按照老的指导死板地做,结果亏大了。
当时我就意识到,要根据实际情况,灵活地运用指南里的要求。
我是怎么做的呢?我会定期去关注市场动态呀或者行业新规则之类的东西。
你想啊,就像开车似的,路上有个坑,你得绕开啊,不能就傻愣愣地往前开。
不过呢,关注这些信息也很耗费精力。
所以还可以参加一些同行的交流会,别人遇到新情况的解决方式可能会给你带来启发。
再说说这里面的4个小目标吧。
ⅲ与3的用法
ⅲ与3的用法
在数学中,罗马数字Ⅲ和阿拉伯数字3具有相似的意义,都表示计数或顺序。
但是,罗马数字Ⅲ通常用于较大的数字,特别是在罗马时代,而阿拉伯数字3则更为通用。
此外,罗马数字Ⅲ还有特定的数学符号意义,例如表示三角形。
- 阿拉伯数字3的用法:
阿拉伯数字3是一个基本的计数和顺序符号,可以用于表示数量、次序或顺序等。
例如,表示数量时可以表示三本书、三个苹果等;表示次序或顺序时可以表示第三名、第三个进球等。
在数学中,3通常用于表示一些基本的数学概念或运算,如三次方根、三角函数等。
- 罗马数字Ⅲ的用法:
罗马数字Ⅲ主要用于较大的计数或顺序,特别是在罗马时代。
例如,罗马帝国的年份和历史事件通常使用罗马数字来标记。
此外,罗马数字Ⅲ也可以用于表示三角形的数学符号,例如直角三角形、等边三角形等。
在科学和工程领域,罗马数字Ⅲ也用于表示一些特定的参数或符号,如质量、体积等。
总之,罗马数字Ⅲ和阿拉伯数字3都是计数和顺序的符号,但在使用上略有不同。
罗马数字Ⅲ主要用于较大的计数和顺序,特别是在历史和科学领域,而阿拉伯数字3则更为通用,在日常生活中更常用。
3在生活中可以表示什么
3在生活中可以表示什么
在生活中,数字3可以表示许多不同的事物和概念。
它是一个有趣而多面的数字,可以在各种场合和情境中被发现。
下面我们来看看3在生活中可以表示什么。
首先,3可以表示团结和和谐。
在许多文化和宗教中,3被视为一个具有特殊
意义的数字。
例如,在基督教中,三位一体代表了上帝的三个位格,父、子和圣灵。
在许多民间传说和神话中,三个兄弟或三个姐妹通常代表着团结和和谐的家庭关系。
因此,3可以被视为一种象征,代表着团结和和谐的力量。
其次,3也可以表示平衡和完整。
在许多领域中,平衡和完整都是非常重要的
概念。
例如,在艺术和设计中,三角形被认为是一种非常平衡和完整的形状,因为它具有三个相等的边和三个相等的角。
在哲学和心理学中,三个要素的平衡和完整性被视为一种理想状态,可以带来内心的平静和满足感。
最后,3也可以表示变化和发展。
在自然界和人类社会中,一切都在不断地变
化和发展。
这种变化和发展通常可以被分为三个阶段,开始、中间和结束。
例如,在植物的生命周期中,种子发芽、成长、开花结果,这三个阶段代表着植物的生长和发展过程。
在人类社会中,许多事物也经历着类似的变化和发展过程,例如家庭的成长、企业的发展等。
综上所述,3在生活中可以表示团结和和谐、平衡和完整以及变化和发展。
这
个数字在我们的日常生活中随处可见,它提醒着我们生活中重要的价值和原则,同时也让我们更加深入地理解世界的本质和规律。
让我们在生活中保持团结和和谐,追求平衡和完整,不断地变化和发展,让自己和周围的世界变得更加美好和丰富。
3的寓意和象征
3的寓意和象征3的寓意和象征一直以来都是令人着迷的话题,它在人们的生活中占据着重要的地位,不仅仅出现在数字、图形、文学、艺术等方面,还深刻影响着人们的思想、信仰和文化。
在这篇文章中,我将详细介绍3的寓意和象征,以及它所代表的含义和影响。
首先,3是一个具有神秘色彩的数字,它既可以代表幸运和成功,也可以代表不幸和厄运。
在苏格拉底哲学中,3被视为灵魂的数字,因为人们的灵魂是由三部分组成的:理智、情感和欲望。
在基督教中,3被视为象征着三位一体的上帝:父、子和圣灵。
此外,3还代表了生命、死亡和再生。
在古埃及神话和其他文化中,3代表了三个阶段的循环:生命、死亡和再生。
因此,3可以被看作是一个象征着生命循环的数字。
其次,3还与创造、平衡和完美相关联。
在美学中,3是一个非常重要的数字。
它被视为最平衡和完美的数字,因为它刚好处在1和5之间。
三角形也是一个具有完美平衡的形状。
许多艺术品中都有3的影子,例如三原色、三分色彩、三分构图等等。
此外,在许多文化中,3还被视为一个神圣的数字,因为它代表了创造力和天赋。
三只乌鸦、三只小熊和三只猪都被视为聪明、勇敢和有才华的动物,在古代也被视为象征着精灵和神仙。
最后,3还代表了联合、和谐和团结。
这一点在许多文化中都非常明显。
在儒家文化中,三才是社会组织的基础,三纲五常是家庭道德的基础。
在希腊神话中,三姐妹毕斯提斯是命运女神,代表着联合、平衡和团结。
在印度教中,三位主神布拉马、维希努和湿婆代表着三种“神圣能量”,这些能量一起形成了宇宙的平衡和谐。
3的寓意和象征是多种多样的,每个人对于3的理解也是不同的。
它可以代表幸运、成功、生命、创造力、和谐、团结等等,这些都是人们追求的目标。
同时,3也可以代表着不幸、痛苦和困难,对于这些挑战,我们需要勇敢地面对和克服。
因此,3不仅是一个数学数字,也是一个哲学概念和文化符号,渗透在人们的生活和思维之中。
它给我们带来了深刻的启示和思考,也让我们惊叹于数字和生命的奥秘。
高清电影Ed2k链接地址3
【合伙人pany.Men.2010.BluRay.720p.DTS.x264-CHD.mkv】
ed2k://|file|pany.Men.2010.BluRay.720p.DTS.x264-CHD.mkv|5913500600|875370514475EBE0E61EDBE830C8F570|h=VS6AFQ5APSKOQSGKIKKW2CXYSXDUTFKF|/
【魔术师.The.Illusionist.2010.BluRay.720p.DTS.x264-CHD.mkv】
ed2k://|file|The.Illusionist.2010.BluRay.720p.DTS.x264-CHD.mkv|2683864286|6146c9a01be50902380a24323d537ae1|/
【巴尼的人生.Barney's.Version.2010.BluRay.720p.DTS.x264-CHD.mkv】
ed2k://|file|Barney's.Version.2010.BluRay.720p.DTS.x264-CHD.mkv|7012459718|BB0B221452E107AD0C3EDF774139125B|h=ATZWZFD4L4WS2U42I5T3C4YOC23YLHOE|/
【小红帽.Red.Riding.Hood.2011.BluRay.720p.DTS..x264-CHD.mkv】
ed2k://|file|Red.Riding.Hood.2011.BluRay.720p.DTS..x264-CHD.mkv|3763420011|3A8912938A1557700C7E80D92A58AA45|h=OEYX6SKT4TLNOFIGEOPEOINGIBWZR56R|/
根3是无理数的证明
根3是无理数的证明今天咱们来一起看看为什么根3是无理数呢?这就像一场有趣的数学冒险哦。
咱们先来说说什么是有理数。
有理数呀,就像是我们能很容易找到规律的数。
比如说,1呀,2呀,还有像1/2这样的分数。
你看,1就是1个,2就是2个,1/2呢,就是把1个东西平均分成2份,每份就是1/2,这些数我们都能很清楚地知道它们是多少。
那无理数呢?无理数就像是一群调皮的小怪兽,藏在数字的世界里。
根3就是其中一个。
咱们来假设根3是有理数。
那按照有理数的定义,它就可以写成一个分数的样子,就像a/b(这里的a和b都是整数,而且b不能是0哦)。
而且呢,我们可以让这个分数是最简分数,就是说a和b没有除了1以外的共同的约数,就像3/4这样,3和4除了1就没有别的数能同时整除它们了。
那如果根3 = a/b,那把两边都平方一下,就得到3 = a²/b²,然后再变一变,就成了a² = 3b²。
这时候,咱们来想个例子哦。
假如a是个整数,那a²就是a乘以a。
比如说a = 5的时候,a² = 5×5 = 25。
那a² = 3b²这个式子呢,就说明a²是3的倍数。
那什么样的整数的平方是3的倍数呢?咱们可以试试一些数。
像1的平方是1,不是3的倍数;2的平方是4,也不是3的倍数;3的平方是9,这就是3的倍数啦。
其实呀,只有a本身是3的倍数的时候,a²才会是3的倍数。
那咱们就可以说a = 3k(k也是个整数)。
把a = 3k代入到a² = 3b²里,就变成了(3k)² = 3b²,算一算就是9k² = 3b²,再变一变就是b² = 3k²。
这就和前面说a²的情况一样啦,这就说明b也是3的倍数。
可是呢,我们最开始说a/b是最简分数呀,现在a和b都是3的倍数,这就矛盾啦,就像我们说好了一件事,结果发现这件事根本做不到一样。
3的数字代表什么意思有什么含义
3的数字代表什么意思有什么含义数字“三”无论是西方还是在中国都被作为神秘的象征。
那么,你知道3的数字代表什么意思吗?接下来就跟着店铺一起去看看3的数字代表含义吧。
3的数字含义数字3的含义:表达数在两个对立之间有著抽象或灵性的关系,例如阴和阳并不是一种关系,爱或欲望必须存在,这样才会有所谓的关系出现,关系的建立是存在于两端之内的第三股力量,对立的和解是宇宙中第三力量。
三的扮演角色,在“三位一体”中得以认知,这在古埃及或世界上其他的神话(例如____的三位一体)中出现。
数字3拥有极高的表达天赋,他们会非常乐意跟人交流自己的想法,也会非常喜欢各种社交关系带给自己的新鲜感。
他们喜欢在人群中表现自己,由于他们对情绪拥有极强的感受力,天性中又带着浪漫快乐的一面,所以他们时常会成为朋友圈内调解气氛的快乐源泉。
数字3的含义关键词:沟通、社交、快乐象征符号:三角型属性:灵巧聪慧型对应色彩:黄色五行:阳火星座排行:双子、双鱼数字3在形态上是个多方位的“可爱数”,把3侧翻过去就是英文字母E,躺下又像是W,趴下看又成了M,这是阿拉伯数字里最有趣的一个数。
3代表关系,黑与白无法直接关联,阴和阳必须同时存在,关系的建立是第三种力量。
1是父亲,2是母亲,而3就是它们的“孩子”。
在____中,3是圣父、圣子和圣灵的综合体,即男性驱动力+儿童状态+灵性结合三位一体数。
这是一个乐观机敏的数字,具有旺盛的好奇心,乐观善于表达,具备孩子一般的纯真与多变性。
正面优势聪明,热情,想象力丰富,有创意,幽默感,充满活力,善于表达,时尚,擅社交,沟通,多才多艺,有趣,乐观,有激情,受欢迎负面挑战夸张,缺乏责任心,做作,缺乏方向,自我怀疑,搬弄是非,幼稚,逃避现实,肤浅,虚荣浮华,喋喋不休,撒谎,铺张浪费恐惧被限制,无聊,面对现实,不被关注数字3的象征意义数字“三”无论是西方还是在中国都被作为神秘的象征。
“三”在符号象征体系中,几乎不含任何反面意义,其象征意义涉及到宗教思想、传统、神等诸多领域。
由三个不同的英文字母和三个不同的阿拉伯数字组成一个
一般模型: 一般模型
个元素, 从4个不同的元素a、b、c、d中取出 个元素,然 不同的元素 中取出3个元素 后按照一定的顺序排成一列,共有多少种不同的排法? 一定的顺序排成一列 后按照一定的顺序排成一列,共有多少种不同的排法?
由此可以写出所有的排列:
abc adb bca cab cda dba
abd adc bcd cad cdb dbc
练习
练习2 练习2.在A、B、C、D四位候选人中,选举 四位候选人中, 四位候选人中
正、副班长各一人,共有几种不同的选法?写出所 副班长各一人,共有几种不同的选法? 有可能的选举结果. 有可能的选举结果. 解:选举过程可以分为两个步骤. 选举过程可以分为两个步骤.
步选正班长, 人中任何一人可以当选 人中任何一人可以当选, 种选法 种选法; 第1步选正班长,4人中任何一人可以当选,有4种选法; 步选正班长 步选副班长, 人中任一人都可以当选, 第2步选副班长,余下的 人中任一人都可以当选,有3 步选副班长 余下的3人中任一人都可以当选 种选法. 种选法. 根据分步计数原理,不同的选法有: 根据分步计数原理,不同的选法有: 4 ×3=12(种). = ( 其选举结果是: 其选举结果是: AB AC AD BC BD CD BA CA DA CB DB DC
问题1 从甲、 问题1 从甲、乙、丙3名同学中选出 名参加 名同学中选出2名参加 名同学中选出
某天的一项活动,其中1名同学参加上午的活动 名同学参加上午的活动, 某天的一项活动,其中 名同学参加上午的活动, 1名同学参加下午的活动,有多少种不同的方法? 名同学参加下午的活动, 名同学参加下午的活动 有多少种不同的方法? 元素: 元素:被选取的对象 一般模型: 一般模型: 个元素, 从3个不同的元素 个不同的元素a,b,c中取出 个元素,然后按照一 中取出2个元素 然后按照一 定的顺序排成一列 一共有多少种不同的排列方法? 排成一列, 定的顺序排成一列,一共有多少种不同的排列方法?
《听力教程3》听力原文及参考答案
《听⼒教程3》听⼒原⽂及参考答案Book ThreeUNIT 1Section OnePart 1Spot DictationHouses in the FutureWell, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted* depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that. Part 2Listening for GistA: Tuesday two fifteen. Let me look inmy diary. B: No, Thursday.A: Oh, I'm sorry. I thought you said Tuesday.B: Thursday two fifteen. No, I'm sorry. I've got an appointment until three. Could we make it later?Say three fifteen?A: Well, there's a lot to talk about. It'll take a couple ofhours, at least. B: Shall we say Monday morning, then?A: Monday morning. All right. Nine o'clock?B: Nine. I think that will be all right. I'll ring you backand confirm. A: All right. But ring before five, couldyou?B: All right.A: Right you are. Bye. B: Bye.Exercise. Directions: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This dialogue is about making an appointmentWoman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just let meexplain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?2.The key words are Tuesday. Thursday. two fifteen. three fifteen. Mondaymorning. nine o'clock.Section Two Listening comprehensionPart 1 DialogueI'm terribly sorry I'm late.Woman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just letme explain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?Woman: Uh ... the one near my flat. You know. Lewis Brothers.Man: Yes, I know that garage. It's the only one near your flat.Woman: Hmm, well now, let's have something to eat. Uh, what about some ... Man: I know the garage very well! Woman: Yes. Let's see now. Yes, I think I'll have some ...Man: A pity it's Sunday.Woman: Pardon?Man: A pity it's Sunday. That garage is closed on Sunday!Exercise Directions: Listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions."Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car."4.Because she wants to stop the conversation like this.Because he knows the girl is lying.Part 2 PassageThe Oscar Statuette1 Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit", but the term never stuck.2. No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, a Hollywood columnist used the name in his column.3. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.1.T hey are possibly boyfriend and girlfriend.2.In a restaurant.3."It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?""I've only been waiting for over an hour.That's all" "After all, my time isn't reallythat important, is it?" well, at least It waslucky you found a barrage to repair yourcar4. If the statuettes don't meet strict quality control standards, they are immediately cut in half and melted down.5.The large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices via air express, with no identifiable markings.The Oscar statuette, designed by MGM's* chief art director Cedric Gibbons, depicts* a knight holding a crusader's* sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes, signifying the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar". Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit". The entertainment trade paper, Weekly Variety, even attempted to popularize "the iron man". The term never stuck.A popular story has been that an Academy librarian and eventual executive director, Margaret Herrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so, and that as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, Hollywood columnist Sidney Skolsky used the name in his column in reference to Katharine Hepburn's first Best Actress win. The Academy itself didn't use the nickname officially until 1939.Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards - with a few notable exceptions. In the 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas* of the statuette; a ventriloquist* Edgar Bergen was presented with a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth; and Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster. After the War, winners turned in the temporary awards for golden Oscar statuettes.The traditional Oscar statuette, however, hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the base was made higher. In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No. 501.Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens. If they don't meet strict quality control standards, the statuettes are immediately cut in half and melted down.Each award is individually packed into a Styrofoam* container slightlylarger than a shoebox.Eight of these are then packed into a larger cardboard box, and the large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices in Beverly Hills via air express, with no identifiable markings.On March 10, 2000, 55 Academy Awards mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City* to the City of Angels. Nine days later, 52 of stolenstatuettes were discovered next to a Dumpster* in the Koreatown section of Los Angeles by Willie Fulgear, who was later invited by the Academy to attend the Oscar 2000 ceremonies as a special guest.For eight decades, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, and even managed to escape unscathed* from common thieves. Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer* and into the gold," explains the company president. "Or maybe people stored them someplace where they corroded." Although he stresses that the statuette is made to endure, Siegel offers this sage advice to all Oscar winners: "If it gets dusty, simply wipe it with a soft dry cloth." Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionEvery January, the attention of the entertainment community and of film fans around the world turns to the upcoming Academy Awards, the highest honor in filmmaking. The annual presentation of the Oscars has become the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' most famous activity. The Oscar Statuette is a knight holding a crusader's sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listening to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.----I...- 1. There were five original branches of the Academy.(Because the five spokes on the reel of film signify the original branchesof the Academy:Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.)~ 2. The Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar" in 1928.(Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Meritwas officially named "Oscar.")----I...- 3. The Academy staff began referring to the Academy statuette as Oscar because Margaret Herrick said the statuette was like her uncle Oscar.(An Academy librarian and eventual executive director, MargaretHerrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so,and as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.)4. Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards. (There were a few notable exceptions. In 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas of the statuette and a ventriloquist Edgar Bergen gained a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes. )----I...- 5. Oscars were made of plaster in the 1940s because of the War. (Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster.) ----I...- 6. The manufacturer, R. S. Owens makes about 50 Oscars each year in Chicago. (Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens.)~ 7. 55 Academy Awards were stolen by a mysterious person en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels on March 10, 2000.(On March 10,2000,55 Academy Awards just mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels, but how and by whom was unknown.) ~ 8. For eighty years, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, managed to escape unscathed from common thieves and even chemical corrosion.(Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer and into the gold."Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.T he traditional Oscar statuette hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the basewas made higher.In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No.501.2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item1Bush-NATO-IraqMr. Bush says he hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if he decides to take military action against Iraq.All the same, the president says no action is likely in the near future. He says for now the focus is on implementing the new UN resolution that calls for a tough weapons inspection regime* and warns of consequences if Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein fails to comply*.Administration official say they expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UN resolution. They say President Bush will bring up Iraq in his bilateral meetings in Prague*, but they also say they do not believe the Iraqi threat will be the focus of the summit.In Prague, the alliance plans to take steps toward the creation of a rapid deployment force that can playa role in combating terrorism. The president said even the smallest NATO member nations can contribute something to the causeExercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions1.He hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if hedecides to take militaryaction against Iraq.2.No, the president says no action is likely in the near future.3.They expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UNresolution.4.The NATO summit is held in Prague.No, it will not be the focus of the NATO summit.Bush-IraqPresident Bush says everyone knows the real power in Iraq lies with Saddam Hussein: "There is no democracy. This guy is a dictator and so we have to seewhat he says." The president says the Iraqi leader has a choice to make: disarm peacefully or be disarmed by force: "If Saddam Hussein does not comply to the detail of the resolution, we will lead a coalition to disarm him. It is over. We are through with negotiations. There is no more time. The man must disarm. He said he would disarm. He now must disarm." Mr. Bush spoke with reporters while touring the Washington D.C. police department, a tour designed to highlight his plan to create a cabinet level Department of Homeland Security. He left no doubt his patience regarding Iraq is wearing very thin*, stressing the United States will no longer tolerate any efforts by Saddam Hussein to circumvent* demands to disarm. Exercise BExercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the Bush administration's attitude towards Iraq. Directions: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).British Prime Minister Tony Blair delivered a radio address late Thursdayto the Iraqi people warning that Saddam Hussein must comply with UN demands or suffer the consequences.Prime Minister Blair said Saddam Hussein must cooperate with UN weapons inspectors, or be prepared to face military action. In an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabic service Thursday, Mr. Blair said war could be avoided, if Iraq agreed to disarm."The situation is very clear. If Saddam Hussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical, or biological or nuclear weapons programs and capability, then conflict would be avoided, and his duty is to cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, to cooperate and comply with them in the eradication of that material."The prime minister said he wanted to speak directly to the Iraqi people to try to dispel* what he called myths that have arisen between Christians and Muslims. He said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East or about oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about British Prime Minister's stand on the Iraqi issue.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Prime Minister Blair warned that Saddam Hussein would suffer theconsequences unless he cooperated with the UN weapons inspectors. Saddam Hussein should cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, and comply with them in the eradication of that material.2.On Thursday Tony Blair had an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabicservice.3.According to the Prime Minister, the conflict can be avoided if SaddamHussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical. or biological or nuclearweapons programs and capability.4.Mr. Blair said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East orabout oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature reportBlix’s Iraq InspectionThe chief UN arms inspector has been assigned the task of searching for weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. The Security Council gave Iraq this last opportunity to disarm or face serious consequences, a euphemism* for possible war. The United States says it will make sure Iraq disarms, one way or another.But Mr. Blix* emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the courseof events in the region. He says they will visit suspected sites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret* out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.As for US and British intelligence reports, which the Bush administration says proves that Iraq has banned weapons, Mr. Blix says he is not going into Iraq with pre-conceived ideas of what is there.The next test for Iraq will be December 8th, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters* for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.After the preliminary technical work starting Monday, Mr. Blix says, he expects the first wave of inspections to start November 27th. Two months later, he is required to report to the Security Council on Iraq's performance.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about Mr. Blix's weapons inspections in Iraq.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Mr. Blix emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the course of events in the region. He says they will visit suspectedsites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.The next test for Iraq will be December eighth, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.Part 2 PassageRise and Fall of Egypt1.The Nile River was a kind friend but occasionally a hard taskmaster of the。
lino3受热分解方程式
lino3受热分解方程式小朋友们呀,今天咱们来聊聊一个特别有趣的化学小知识,就是关于lino3受热分解的方程式哦。
你们知道吗?化学就像一个魔法世界,各种物质在不同的条件下会发生奇妙的变化。
lino3这种物质呢,就像是一个等待被触发的小魔法盒。
当给它加热的时候,它就开始展现自己独特的变化啦。
就好像我们烤小饼干一样,小饼干在烤箱里会从软软的面团变成香香脆脆的饼干。
lino3受热的时候也会发生改变。
它受热分解会变成两种新的东西呢。
lino3受热分解会产生li2o和no2还有o2。
想象一下呀,lino3这个小团体,在热量这个特殊的力量下,就像小伙伴们要分开去做不同的事情啦。
一部分变成了li2o,就像一群小伙伴重新组合成了一个新的小团队。
而另外一部分呢,变成了no2和o2。
no2是一种有点特别的气体,o2呢,那可是我们很熟悉的氧气呀,我们呼吸就需要氧气呢。
我给你们讲个小故事吧。
有一个小化学精灵,它看守着lino3这个宝藏。
有一天,火焰精灵来捣乱,给lino3带来了很多热量。
这时候,lino3这个宝藏就开始变化啦。
它里面的一部分元素就像被魔法棒点了一下,变成了li2o这个新的宝藏,另外的元素就变成了像小气泡一样的no2和像我们身边看不见却很重要的空气朋友o2。
我们可以把这个变化写成一个方程式,就像写一个魔法咒语一样。
这个方程式就是2lino3→li2o+2no2+o2。
这个方程式就像是这个魔法变化的说明书,告诉我们lino3受热的时候到底发生了什么神奇的事情。
化学世界里还有很多这样有趣的魔法变化呢。
就像我们搭积木一样,不同的小积木(元素)可以搭成各种各样的形状(物质),在不同的条件下(比如加热、加其他物质等),这些形状又会重新组合,变成新的东西。
所以呀,化学是一个充满惊喜和奇妙的世界,大家可以慢慢去探索哦。
字谜-3——精选推荐
字谜-31、草原下⾯有颗⼼,⼈尔永远不分离,谆谆教诲不⽤说,元旦不是⼀⽉⼀,⼥⼈旁边⼦相随,思念粮⾷没有⽥,青草旁边藏颗⼼。
(谜底:愿你每⽇好⼼情)2、锦⾐⾦服兄⾝着,⼀个⼈有尔相伴,友⼈右⼿⼀竖左⼿⼀点,海边拾贝才快乐!友⼈右⼿⼀竖左⼿⼀点,⼤字踩在踏板上!(祝你发财,发达)3、天鹅飞去鸟归隐,⽩勺到⽼相伴陪,⽬光远视跟定你,⽥下有⼟⽣真情,⼝下有须很⽼诚,⽬中只有你⼀⼈,⼈尔结合幸福⼈。
(谜底:我的眼⾥只有你)4、兄弟⼿拿指⽰牌,指引⼈尔向前⾏,筷⼦不是⽤⽵制,灯光闪烁没有⽕,草莓头上不长草,灭了⽕后没有⽕,想吞⽶饭没有⼝。
(谜底:祝你快乐每⼀天)5、⽰旁站⽴兄长,尔等单⼈想傍,悔之⼼已离去,蚕⾍游离四⽅,⾐袂把⼼交互,掩去烁之⽕光,丽妍少⼥离去,志⼠远⾛他乡。
(谜底:祝你每天快乐开⼼)6、原本⼀⼼凝成爱,⼈尔结合好愉快,⼥⼦完美惹⼈爱,⼀撇⼀捺互⽀持,横竖都是⼀条⼼,⼀⽜⽴地⼜顶天,苹果去叶⽆纷扰,⼥⼦戴帽最美妙。
(谜底:愿你好⼈⼀⽣平安)7、天鹅⼀来鸟全飞,受⼈情意友坐底,尔旁⼀⼈两相伴,⽔头⼀点情深浓,砍去⽊头做成⾈,弯去⼸底⼜成器。
(迷底:我爱你永不变)。
8、青青草原有我⼼,⼼旁有尔不离分,⾟苦岁⽉有勇⼠,⼀⼝薄⽥⽰佳⾳,梅花未绽⽊正息,⽣⼈放⽜去耕耘,笑见百草化云纷。
(谜底:愿你幸福每⼀天)9、原来只因在⼼上,但见⼈来尔站旁,并因你两⽿不闻,如此忐忑上下⾛,⼤海因你⽽⼲涸,⼟地因你少⼗分,春蚕幼⾍⽆影踪。
(谜底:愿你开⼼每⼀天)更多精选专辑:指客⽹ () 栏⽬:猜字谜⼤全10、⽰字旁边⽴长兄,只见尔旁站⼀⼈,诀字⽆⼝却有⼼,烁字灭⽕真欢喜,⼤海⼲涸没有⽔,⼟地为你少⼗分,笑字草帽被摘⾛。
(谜底:祝你快乐每⼀天)11、⼀味蛮⼲少根筋,淅沥⾬落地也湿,⼗字路⼝选横⾏,⼀⼈孤单找个伴,⼥⼦埋头往西⾛,架⼦凭空没有⽊,抽⾛半边终遇⽔。
(谜底:⼆零⼀⼆要加油)12、坏屋⼟墙已被推,腰间亮剑退⽉回,貂⽪做⾐颜⾊美,为家伐⽊屋⾥堆,淮河⼜见⽔⼲涸,龙虾⾮⾍⼝⾥喂,到了⼈边反虺颓。
新视野大学英语3听说教程答案(清晰完整版)
Unit 6
Warming up 1."Get ready" 2.Climate changes are occuring more rapidly and natural disasters are becoming more severe. 3.Books on the subject of survival. Listening Short conversations 1.D 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C Long conversation 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D Passage 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.A Radio program 1.Islamabad 2.a tall Islamabad building 3.the Kashmirian Mountains 4.a heavily mititarized region 5.India
Unit 4
Warming up 1. Writer---Jack Kerouac 2. Artist---Jackson Pollock 3. Musician---Louis Armstrong 4. Symbol--- Statue of Liberty Listening Short conversations 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.D 10.A Long conversation 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A Passage 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.B Radio program 1.for decades 2.healthy and aactive lifestyle 3.meet consumer demands
大学思辨英语教程 精读3课件Unit 3
Lead in
Text A offers an enlightening analysis of non-verbal communication across different cultures. The authors, Edward T. Hall and Mildred R. Hall, show us that cultural barriers could be overcome by increasing our awareness of cultural differences and by learning about the different ways in which we behave in different societies.
While culture is learned through practice and socialization, Text B provides a counter example to demonstrate the result of non-socialization. As you read the text, you can consider the importance of socialization for you to survive and develop your potential in a particular society.
Critical Thinking
Reading Skills
Learning Objectives
• Reading Skills
• Identify the structure of the text • Identify topic sentences • Use context to understand a new word
新标准大学英语综合教程3 unit3 课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程3 unit3 课文翻译Unit3Active reading 1我们是怎样听音乐的我们都按照各自不同的能力来听音乐。
但为了便于分析,如果把听的整个过程分成几个组成部分,那么这个过程会更清晰一些。
从某种意义上来说,我们听音乐有三个不同的层次。
由于缺乏更好的术语,我们姑且把它们命名为:(1)感官层次;(2)表现层次;(3)纯音乐层次。
把听的过程机械地分割为以上三个假想的层次,唯一的好处是让我们更清楚地了解自己是怎样听音乐的。
听音乐最简单的方式是为了去获取乐声带来的纯粹的愉悦感,这是音乐的感官层次。
在这个层次上,我们只是听音乐,不做任何思考。
我们打开收音机,一边做着其他的事情,一边心不在焉地沉浸在音乐中。
乐声本身的魅力带我们进入一种无需思考的美妙心境。
令人意外的是,许多自认为是合格的音乐爱好者在听音乐时过多地使用了这一层次。
他们去听音乐会是为了忘却自我。
他们把音乐当成一种慰藉,一种逃避,由此他们进入了一个可以忘却日常生活的理想世界。
当然,他们也没有在思考音乐。
音乐允许他们离开现实,到另一个地方去做梦,因为音乐而做梦,做有关音乐的梦,却从没有真正欣赏过音乐。
的确,乐声的魅力是一种强大而原始的力量,但是你不该让它占据你过多的兴趣空间。
感官层次是音乐的一个重要层次,非常重要,但并不是音乐的全部。
音乐存在的第二个层次就是我所说的表现层次。
一提到这个问题,我们马上就进入到一个颇具争议的领域。
作曲家总是设法避开有关音乐表现方面的讨论。
斯特拉温斯基不是曾经声称他的音乐是一个“物体”,是一件有自我生命的“东西”,除了纯音乐性的存在之外没有任何别的含意吗?斯特拉温斯基这种不妥协的态度可能源于这样的一个事实:有那么多的人尝试着从众多的音乐作品中读出完全不同的含意。
确实,要准确地说出一部音乐作品的含意已经很难了,要肯定并确定地说出来,还要使每个人对你的解释都感到满意,是难上加难。
但我们不该因此走到另一个极端,不能去剥夺音乐“表现”的权利。
Unit3 Reading3
"Gabby, You're Sooo Skinny""加贝,你太瘦了"I am a straight-A student.我是优等生。
I am very involved in school activities and considered a "very together”teenager.我积极参与学校活动,被认为是一个“非常合群”的青少年。
Or at least, I was It all started innocently enough.或者至少,我是这一切都开始得足够天真。
I weighed about 125 pounds. 我重约125磅。
I was not fat, but felt I could stand to lose a few pounds. 我并不胖,但我觉得我可以减几磅。
A friend of mine had gone on a health kick and was getting great results from it -she was losing weight, she felt better and her friends were telling her how great she looked I wanted to feel that way, too.我的一个朋友参加了一个健康计划,并取得了很好的效果——她的体重减轻了,她感觉好多了,她的朋友们告诉她,她看起来很好——我也想有那样的感觉。
I began exercising and eating healthy snacks instead of the usual Coke and-chips marathon watching the boob tube.我开始锻炼,吃健康的零食,而不是像往常那样马拉松式地看电视。
Within a couple of weeks I had lost weight, I was feeling good, I cared more about what I wore and started feeling attractive in a way I had not experienced before.几周后,我的体重减轻了,我感觉很好,我更关心自己的穿着,我开始以一种从未有过的方式感到自己很有吸引力。
3在生活中可以表示什么
3在生活中可以表示什么
在生活中,数字3可以表示许多不同的事物和概念。
从数学到文化,从宗教到
哲学,数字3都扮演着重要的角色。
让我们来看看在生活中,数字3可以表示什么。
首先,数字3在数学中代表着一个重要的概念,三角形。
三角形是几何学中的
基本形状之一,它由三条边和三个角组成。
三角形在建筑、设计和工程中都有着重要的应用,因此数字3在数学中具有重要的意义。
其次,数字3在文化和宗教中也有着特殊的含义。
在基督教中,三位一体是一
个重要的概念,代表着上帝的三位形态,父、子、圣灵。
在许多其他宗教和文化中,数字3也代表着神圣的力量和完美的平衡。
最后,数字3在日常生活中也有着特殊的意义。
许多人认为“第三次正是魅力
所在”,这意味着第三次尝试通常会带来成功。
此外,人们常常将事物分为三个部分,比如早、中、晚;过去、现在、未来等等。
总的来说,数字3在生活中有着丰富的含义和应用。
无论是在数学、文化、宗
教还是日常生活中,数字3都扮演着重要的角色,代表着力量、平衡和完美。
让我们珍惜数字3,体会它在生活中的深刻意义。
3 三级配电
第三节供配电系统与配电装置一、三级配电系统施工现场用电工程的基本供配电系统应当按三级设置,即采用三级配电。
(一)三级配电系统基本结构三级配电是指施工现场从电源进线开始至用电设备之间,应经过三级配电装置配送电力,即由总配电箱(一级箱)或配电室的配电柜开始,依次经过分配电箱(二级箱),开关箱(三级箱)到用电设备。
这种分三个层次逐级配送电力的系统就称为三级配电系统。
配电系统采用放射式和树干式,它的基本结构如以下框图。
(二)系统的设置原则三级配电系统应遵守四项基本原则:即分级分路原则,动照分设原则,压缩配电间距原则,环境安全原则。
1、分级分路(1) 从一级总配电箱(配电柜)向二级分配电箱配电可以分路,即一个总配电箱(配电柜)可以分若干分路向若干分配电箱配电;(2) 从二级分配电箱向三级开关箱配电同样可以分路,即一个分配电箱可以分若干支路向若干开关箱配电。
(3) 从三级开关箱向用电设备配电实行“一机一闸”制,不存在分路问题。
即每一开关箱只能连接控制一台与其相关的用电设备(含插座)。
按照分级分路原则的要求,在三级配电系统中,任何用电设备都不得越级配电,总配电箱和分配电箱不得挂接其它任何设备,否则,三级配电系统的结构形式和分级分路原则将被破坏。
2、动照分设动力配电箱与照明分配电箱宜分别设置。
当动力和照明合并设置于同一配电箱时,动力和照明应分路配电,动力和照明开关箱必须分别设置,不存在共箱分路设置问题。
3、压缩配电间距压缩配电间距原则是指各配电箱、开关箱之间的距离应尽量缩短。
总配电箱应设在靠近电源的区域,分配电箱应设在用电设备或负荷相对集中的区域,分配电箱与开关箱的距离不得超过30m,开关箱与其控制的固定式用电设备的水平距离不宜超过3m。
4、环境安全环境安全是指配电系统对其设置和运行环境的安全要求,包括三种环境要求:使用环境、维修环境和防护环境。
要求如下:(1) 使用、维修环境:满足压缩配电间距原则。
配电箱、开关箱周围应有足够二人同时工作的空间和通道,不得堆放任何妨碍操作、维修的物品,不得有灌木、杂草。
中国古代数字3的含义
中国古代数字3的含义
中国古代数字3的含义,可以用中文写成:"三"代表了很多重要
意义。
首先,它象征着天、地、人的统一,体现了宇宙的完整性和和谐。
其次,"三"也代表了生命的循环,包括过去、现在和未来的连续性。
此外,"三"也代表了三才(天、地、人)和三光(日、月、星),表达了自然的规律性和秩序。
古人还将"三"作为吉祥和幸运的象征,
认为它代表着吉祥、安宁和福气。
在文化传统中,"三"也被广泛应用
于许多方面,例如三才图、三角梅等。
总的来说,中国古代数字3具
有丰富的内涵和文化意义。
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三亚湾红树林度假世界3#楼铝合金门窗设计总说明目录目录 (1)一、工程概述 (1)二.设计原则 (1)三、方案综合叙述 (2)1、铝合金提升推拉门 (2)2、阳台铝合金格栅百叶 (3)3、阳台玻璃栏板 (3)4、铝合金外悬窗 (3)四.结构设计参数 (3)五、建筑外窗及幕墙的物理性能 (4)1、建筑外窗的物理性能 (4)2.1抗风压性能 (4)2.2.水密性能 (4)2.3气密性能 (4)2.4. 保温性能 (4)2.5隔声性能 (4)六、建筑设计 (5)1、人性化设计 (5)2、绿色环保、节能设计 (5)3、防雷设计 (5)3、抗震设计 (5)4、耐腐蚀设计 (5)5、玻璃防自爆设计 (5)七、材料选用说明 (5)1、玻璃 (5)2、铝合金型材 (7)3、钢材、五金件及紧固件 (8)4、硅酮密封胶 (9)八.施工要求 (9)九、一般说明 (10)十、设计依据及规范 (10)10.1.幕墙设计规范: (10)10.2建筑设计规范: (10)10.3铝材规范: (10)10.4金属板及石材规范: (11)10.5玻璃规范: (11)10.6钢材规范: (11)10.7胶类及密封材料规范: (12)10.8五金件规范: (12)10.9相关物理性能等级测试方法:................................................................................................ 13 一、工程概述01.工程名称:三亚湾红树林度假世界3#楼铝合金门窗02.工程地点:海南省三亚市月川片区。
03.建设单位(业主):三亚红树林旅游文化地产开发有限公司04.建筑设计:中国建筑技术集团有限公司05.主体结构形式:框架剪力墙结构。
06.建筑高度:91米。
07.建筑层数:地上层数 21 层08.地面粗糙度类型:C类09.抗震设防烈度:6度10.建筑物耐火等级:一级。
11.建筑面积:平米。
12.主体结构设计使用年限:50年13.工程内容:本次投标包含3#楼的外立面门窗工程,具体分项工程见下:13.1 铝合金提升推拉门13.2 阳台铝合金格栅百叶13.3 阳台玻璃栏板13.4 铝合金外悬窗二.设计原则针对本工程中的幕墙、门窗工程的具体特点,我公司在整个设计的过程中均遵循着如下设计原则:1.安全可靠原则由于建筑在国民经济和人民生活中的重要性,安全是要首先必需重点考虑的因素。
我公司在本工程中采用的设计方案,充分考虑了风荷载、雪荷载、地震作用、温度变形以及施工荷载等对幕墙的影响,设计安全系数完全满足工程的要求。
2.造型美观注重细部原则本建筑立面简洁大方,立面线条完美体现建筑现代气息。
我公司采用的设计方案重视与原有的立面效果,造型美观、搭配协调、色彩和谐,最大程度的实现建筑师的设计理念;并且是通过先进的尖端设备加工、组装而成,所有的接头、拼缝、交接部位等均具有较高的工艺观赏性,充分展现了机械创造的美感。
细部节点精巧,收口自然,达到浑然一体之感。
3.结构轻巧而稳定原则结构稳定可以保证结构的安全,同时也会产生一种结构稳定所特有的美感,失稳的结构会给人带来危机感,造成人的紧张,使人很不愉快。
但过于保守、粗放的设计则又显得笨拙、累赘,缺乏灵气,也会使人不愉快。
本工程幕墙、门窗系统在满足结构强度要求的前提下,全力追求轻巧明快的感觉,是结构稳定与轻巧明快完美结合的典范。
4.环保节能原则现代幕墙、门窗已不再仅仅是一种装饰、一种简单的外维护结构,而是越来越深入地成为整个建筑的一个有机组成部分,越来越多地参与了整个建筑的功能建设。
其对于整个建筑的环保节能的影响,已经到了至关于重要的地步。
幕墙、门窗的环保节能程度也已成为人们衡量幕墙品质的一个重要指标,作为一个学校建筑工程,应符合国家现行节能设计规范的相关要求。
而建筑产生的噪声污染、光污染,能量损耗等,都会对建筑本身及周围环境产生极大的影响,因此研究如何降低噪声污染和光污染、减少能量损耗等,就成为幕墙、门窗设计的一个重要任务。
在本工程中,我公司从选材、确定幕墙、门窗形式、结构、保温隔热设计等多方面进行了详细、周密的研究和设计,确保交付业主一个环保与节能的门窗和幕墙。
5.可拆卸更换、维修方便原则门窗的某个局部受损、更新时,其拆卸与更换板块能否实现方便与否,都直接关系到其功能能否得到保持,因此我们设计的幕墙、门窗就要求在使用过程中可以拆卸与更换,并且要很方便,且不能影响幕墙的正常使用。
我公司在本工程中采用的门窗系统具有很好的可更换性,并且方便易行。
6.性价比最优原则在以上原则得到充分保证的基础上,要充分考虑幕墙、门窗的经济性、效益性。
保证资金投向合理,以最少的花费实现所需功能,不允许出现浪费。
功能完善,造价合理,是我们的追求;为业主提供高品质、低造价的优质门窗,是我公司全体成员的心愿。
对本工程,我们倾其所能、精心研究,精密制造,再创精品。
三、方案综合叙述1、铝合金提升推拉门铝合金提升推拉门,铝材采用“坚美”生产的高精级铝型材,铝合金型材表面采用静电粉末喷涂处理,玻璃采用8(LOW-E)+12A+8中空玻璃,玻璃原片选用信义玻璃,中空玻璃的内片采用8mm玻璃,外片采用8(LOW-E)玻璃,中间12mm空气层;五金配件采用德国诺托优质五金件。
系统特点:1.1采用可拆卸式PA66导轨结构,便于用户更换磨损导轨;不同于平常所见铝合金一体式导轨,一体式导轨使用时间长久后容易磨损,且观感变差。
1.2 本套提升推拉门系统下部微通风锁块实现推拉窗微通风。
2、阳台铝合金格栅百叶阳台铝合金格栅百叶,先用95*95仿柚铝型材形成框架,然后安装40*40仿柚铝方通金格栅,竖向95*95铝立柱内插90*90*4钢管,铝材采用“坚美”生产的高精级铝型材,铝合金型材表面采用静电粉末喷涂处理,如下图40*40铝百叶95*95铝方管夹胶玻璃仿柚木铝扶手3、阳台玻璃栏板阳台玻璃栏板采用95*95仿柚铝合金扶手,内插90*50*4钢管,玻璃采用10+1.52PVB+10钢化夹胶玻璃。
采用铝合金压条形式固定玻璃。
典型分格见上图,节点如下图:4、铝合金外悬窗铝合金外悬窗,铝材采用“坚美”生产的高精级铝型材,铝合金型材表面采用静电粉末喷涂处理,玻璃采用6(LOW-E)+12A+6中空玻璃,玻璃原片选用海南海玻玻璃,中空玻璃的内片采用6mm玻璃,外片采用6(LOW-E)玻璃,中间12mm空气层;五金配件采用德国诺托优质五金件。
窗框与墙体之间采用40*20*1.5钢附框固定,钢附框表面热镀锌处理,钢附框与铝框之间采用橡胶垫子隔离,钢附框与窗框之间的空隙打发泡胶密封。
四.结构设计参数1. 幕墙、门窗部分设计基本资料:a.基本风压:W0=0.85KN/m2(三亚50年一遇)b.地面粗糙度:A类c.风荷载体型系数:对大面墙,正风压取1.0,负风压取-1.2;对墙角边和檐口取-2.0;注:上述的局部体型系数μs1(1)是适用于围护构件的从属面积A小于或等于1m2 的情况,当围护构件的从属面积A大于或等于10m2 时,局部风压体型系数μs1(10)可乘以折减系数0.8,当构件的从属面积小于10m2 而大于1m2 时,局部风压体型系数μs1(A)可按面积的对数线性插值,即μs1(A)=μs1(1)+[μs1(10)-μs1(1)] logAd.永久荷载:玻璃按25.6KN/m3考虑,铝合金构件按28.0KN/m3考虑,石材按28.0KN/m3考虑,钢构件按78.5KN/m3考虑;e.活荷载:按0.35KN/m2考虑;f.抗震设防烈度:6度;g.温差:考虑施工期间温度,节点位移的构件应能承受30℃的温度上升或者30℃的温度下降;h.门窗、幕墙设计寿命:25年(除定期清洗外,不做任何维修);50年(进行适当维修);五、建筑外窗及幕墙的物理性能1、建筑外窗的物理性能建筑外窗的物理性能等级是依据《铝合金门窗》GB/T8478-2008按照建筑物所在的地区的地理、气候条件、建筑物高度、体型和环境以及建筑物的重要性等选定的,其分级符合国家现行规范的规定。
2.1抗风压性能表1 建筑外窗抗风压性能分级表 KPa分级代号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9分级指标值P3 1.0≤P3<1.51.5≤P3<2.02.0≤P3<2.52.5≤P3<3.03.0≤P3<3.53.5≤P3<4.04.0≤P3<4.54.5≤P3<5.0P3≥5.0表中9表示用≥5.0kpa的具体值,取代分级代号本工程外门窗的抗风压性能取6级。
3.0KPA≤P3<3.5KPA2.2.水密性能表2建筑外窗水密性能分级表 Pa分级 1 2 3 4 5 6分级指标ΔP100≤ΔP<150150≤ΔP<250250≤ΔP<350350≤ΔP<500500≤ΔP<700ΔP≥700表中6表示用≥700pa的具体值,取代分级代号。
本工程水密性能达到4级 350PA≤ΔP<500PA2.3气密性能表3建筑外窗气密性能分级表本工程门窗气密性能等级为4 级2.4.保温性能门窗保温性能分级值门窗保温性能分级值本工程门窗的K值小于3.0 W/(m2. k)保温性能等级为7级2.5隔声性能建筑门窗空气隔音性能分级值本工程门窗采用8LOW-E+12AR+8中空玻璃,门窗的空气隔音性能可达3级。
30dB≤分级代号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10分级指标值K3K≤5.5 5≤K<5.5 4.5≤K<5 4≤K<4.5 3.5≤K<4 3≤K<3.5 2.5≤K<3 2≤K<2.5 1.5≤K<2 K<1.5分级 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8单位缝长分级指标值q1/(m3/(m.h))3.5<q1≤4 3<q1≤3.5 2.5<q1≤3 2<q1≤2.5 1.5<q1≤2 1<q1≤1.5 1<q1≤1.5 q1≤0.5单位面积分级指标值q2/(m3/(m.h))10.5<q2≤129<q2≤10.5 7.5<q2≤9 6<q2≤7.5 4.5<q2≤6 3<q2≤4.5 1.5<q2≤3 q2≤1.5Rw<35dB分级指标 1 2 3 4 5 6分级指标值Rw/dB20≤Rw<25 25≤Rw<30 30≤Rw<35 35≤Rw<40 40≤Rw<45 40≤Rw六、建筑设计1、人性化设计1.1在不影响立面效果和配合室内使用功能的前提下,非常合理的设计立面分格及选材,不在人的视线高度设计幕墙横梁或窗横梁,不浪费一点可节约的造价。
1.2在不影响外立面效果的前提下,非常合理的设置窗开启扇,充分考虑自然通风换气的要求,及适合人们正常开启的开启扇执手的高度。