句子成分高一基础课件

• 2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.
• 分词developing, developed 做定语
• 3.There are thirty women teachers in our school.
• 名词women 做定语
• 宾语种类： • （1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） • 例如： • Lend me your dictionary, please • （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补） • 例如： • They elected him their monitor.
• （六）宾语补足语：
• 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个宾语以外， 还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义 完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某 些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。 宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、 分词、介词短语和从句充当。
• 不定式短语to lend his money to you 做宾补
• 5.We saw her entering the room. • 现在分词entering the room做宾补
• 6.We found everything in the lab in good order.
• 介词短语in good order做宾补
• 2.He has caught a bad cold. • has caught 做谓语
• （2）由系动词加表语构成。如： • We are students. • are students 做谓语
• （四）表语：
• 表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态， 它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一 般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、 不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语 从句表示。
• 1、简单谓语： • 由一个动词或动词短语构成。 • 如：
• 1.He practices running every morning. • practice 做谓语
• 2、复合谓语： • （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形
构成。 • 如：
• 1.You may keep the book for two weeks. • may keep 做谓语
• st night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.
• because of the rain原因状语
• 3.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. • if it doesn’t rain条件状语
• 代词me做宾语
• 3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.
• 数词five做宾语
• 4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
• 名词化形容词the old 做宾语
• 5. He pretended not to see me. • 不定式短语not to see me做宾语
• 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于 句首。
• 注意:但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语 不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓 语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名 词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词 化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：
找找主语，看看是什么词充当的？
• 1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
abroad. • 表语从句做表语
• （五）宾语： • 宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于
及物动词和介词后面。例如： • 1. They went to see an exhibition（展览）
yesterday. • 名词exhibition做宾语
• 2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
• 3.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.
• 不定式短语to have passed the national college entrance examination做状语
• 4. He is in the room making a model plane.
• （八）状语： • 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说
明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。 可由以下形式表示：
• 1.Light travels most quickly. • 副词及副词性词组most quickly做状语
• 2.He has lived in the city for ten years. • 介词短语for ten years做状语
• 5.Three times seven is twenty one? • 数词twenty one做表语 • 6.His job is to teach English. • 不定式to teach English做表语 • 7.His hobby（爱好）is playing football. • 动名词playing football做表语
• 8.The machine must be out of order. • 介词短语out of order做表语 • 9.Time is up. • 副词up做表语 • 10.The class is over. • 副词over 做表语 • 11.The truth is that he has never been
找找表语，看看是什么词充当的
• 例如： • 1. Our teacher of English is an
American. • 名词American做表语 • 2. Is it yours? • 代词yours做表语 • 3.The weather has turned cold. • 形容词cold做表语 • 4.The speech is exciting. • 分词exciting做表语
He died a poor man .
SVOC 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补
He found George intelligent .
• 一、句子成分
• （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个 部分叫做句子成分。
主语 • 句子的主要成分
谓语
表语 宾语 • 句子的次要成分 定语 状语 补足语 同位语
• （二）主语：
• 7.We will soon make our city what your city is now.
• 从句what your city is now做宾补
• （七）定语： • 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定
语。定语可由以下等成分表示：
• 1.Guilin is a beautiful city. • 形容词beautiful做定语
• 名词country music 做主语 • 2. We often speak English in class. • 代词we 做主语 • 3. One-third of the students in this
class are girls. • 数词one-third 做主语
• 4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
句子成分高定义，位置，如何区分，举例。 • 2.定语从句的诸多问题
SVOO
主语
谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
He told us the whole story .
SLP 主语 连系动词 表语
Tom’s father is a professor .
SVC
主语 谓语 主补
hand. • with a dictionary in her hand伴随状语 •
• 7.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.
• In order to catch up with the others目的状语
• 8.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
• 6.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
• 动名词teaching做定语
• 7.He is reading an article about how to learn English.
• 介词短语about how to learn English做定 语
• that he fell asleep immediately结果状语
• 9.She works very hard though she is old. • though she is old让步状语 • 10. I am taller than he is. • than he is比较状语
• 不定式to swim做主语 • 5. Smoking does harm to the health. • 动名词smoking 做主语 • 6.The rich should help the poor. • 名词化的形容词the rich做主语
• 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
• 6.I enjoy listening to popular music.