Anticlimax - 360文档中心

英语语法Anti-cliamx

wife and best hat, too!哎呀哎呀！我怎么办呢？我失去了妻子，又丢了最好的帽子！
The function of Anticlimax
The rhetorical device can make questions have the effect of finishing point and humor. The language is from strong to weak, and the tone is from heavy to light. The function is to make fun of, satire and achieve the effect of comedy.
➢Have a fine sense of humor 幽默风趣 ➢Mock and satire 讽刺嘲笑 ➢Beyond all expectations 出人意料
A. He lost his empire, his family and his pen. 他失去了他的帝国，失去了家庭，失去了钢笔。
2 : an event, period, or outcome that is strikingly less important or dramatic than expected
Examples of anticlimax in a Sentence • The last chapter of the book was an
Anti-cliamx
目录
CONTENTS
Meaning Climax and Anti-Climax Function
Meaning
As the name implies,is the opposite of climax and is a device that involves stating one’s thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity,from strong to weak,from weighty to light or frivolous.

Anti--climax

• 不要一有不适就求医，一有争执就请律师，稍有口渴就找水壶。
多项式突降法
• 指说话人或作者在叙述或描述某一事物时，引用多个选项，这些选项从高到低，从强到弱，从重到轻，最后得到一个与预期完全不同，甚至相反的结论，从而达到幽默、风趣的效果。多项式比两项式和三项式的运用更加广泛。
• He sprang to his feet, flung off his coat, drew his sword, jumped upon the enemy, and burped[bɝp].
• 一阵寂静，亚历山大先开口了，他和蔼地向戴奥真尼斯表示问候。看看那寒酸的破木桶以及那件唯一的破烂不堪的外衣，望着躺在地上的粗糙的身躯，亚历山大说道：“戴奥真尼斯，我能为你做些什么吗？”“可以”，戴奥真尼斯答道：“站到一边去，你挡住阳光了。”
• 2）听众或读者在前面数项听到或看到意义重大、深刻的内容。而最后一项却与预期大相径庭，从而起到讽刺、嘲弄的效果。
Definition
• A sudden drop from the dignified or important in thought or expression to the commonplace or trivial, something for humorous effect. -- Webster’s New World Dictionary
三项式突降法
• 在由三个描写项构成的对比中，往往前两者在重要性上较为接近，而第三项则会与前两项形成显著反差，从而达到“突降”的效果。
• Go not for every grief to the physician, for every quarrel to the lawyer, nor for every thirst to the pot.

英美文学术语

1. Allusion （典故）is a reference without explicit identification, to a literary or historical person, place, or event, or to another literary work or passage. Most literary allusions are intended to be recognized by the generally educated readers of the aut hor’s time, but some are aimed at a special group.2. Atmosphere（氛围）: the prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work. Atmosphere is often developed, at least in part, through descriptions of setting. Such descriptions help to create an emotional climate to establish the reader’s expectations and attitudes.3. Climax：as a rhetorical device it means an ascending sequence of importance. As a literary term, it can also refer to the point of greatest intensity, interest, or suspense in a story’s turning poi nt. The action leading to the climax and the simultaneous increase of tension in the plot are known as the rising action. All action after the climax is referred to as the falling action, or resolution. The term crisis is sometimes used interchangeably with climax.4. Anticlimax（突降）：it denotes a writer’s deliberate drop from the serious and elevated to the trivial and lowly, in order to achieve a comic or satiric effect. It is a rhetorical device in English.5. Characters（人物）are the persons represented in a dramatic or narrative work, who are interpreted by the reader as being endowed with particular moral, intellectual, and emotional qualities by inferences from the dialogues, actions and motivations. E. M. Forster divides characters into two types: flat character, which is presented without much individualizing detail; and round character, which is complex in temperament and motivation and is represented with subtle particularity.6. Comedy:（喜剧）in general, a literary work that ends happily with a healthy, amicable armistice between the protagonist and society.7. Farce （闹剧）is a type of comedy designed to provoke the audience to simple and hearty laughter. To do so it commonly employs highly exaggerated types of characters and puts them into improbable and ludicrous situations.of other meters.8. Hyperbole（夸张）:this figure of speech called hyperbole is bold overstatement, or the extravagant exaggeration of fact or of possibility. It may be used either for serious or ironic or comic effect.9. Understatement（轻描淡写）：this figure of speech deliberately represents something as very much less in magnitude or importance than it really is, or is ordinarily considered to be. The effect is usual ly ironic.10. Irony（反讽）：This term derives from a character in a Greek comedy. In most of the modern cr itical uses of the term “irony”, there remains the root sense of dissembling or hiding what is actually the case; not, however, in order to deceive, but to achieve rhetorical or artistic effects.11. Theme（主题）：The term is usually applied to a general concept or doctrine, whether implicit or asserted, which an imaginative work is designed to incorporate and make persuasive to the reader.12. Multiple Point of View （多重视角）：It is one of the literary techniques William Faulkner used, which shows within the same story how the characters reacted differently to the same person or the same situation. The use of this technique gave the story a circular form wherein one event was the center, with various pointsof view radiating from it. The multiple points of view technique makes the reader recognize the difficulty of arriving at a true judgment.13. Flashback（闪回）：interpolating narratives or scenes which represent events that happened before the time at which the work opened; for example, it is used in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman.14. Plot（情节）：The plot in a dramatic or narrative work is constituted by its events and actions, as these are rendered and ordered toward achieving particular artistic and emotional effects.15. Short Story: A fictional prose take of no specified length,but too short to be published as a volume on its own.A short story will normally concentrate on a single event with only one or two characters,more economically than a novel's sustained exploration of social background.There are similar fictional forms of greater antiquity,but the short story,as we know it,flourished in the magazines of the 19th and early 20th centuries,especially in the USA,which has a particularly strong tradition.16.Narration: Like description, narration is a part of conversation and witting. Narration is the major technique used in expository witting, such as autobiography. Successful narration must grow out of good observation,to-the-point selection from observation, and clear arrangement of details in logical sequence, which is usually chronological. Narration gives an exact picture of things as they occur.17. Renaissance:The term originally indicated a revival of classical (Greek and Roman) arts and sciences after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism18. Symbol: A symbol is a sign which suggests more than its literal meaning. In other words, a symbol is both literal and figurative. A symbol is a way of telling a story and a way of conveying meaning. The best symbols are those that are believable in the lives of the characters and also convincing as they convey a meaning beyond the literal level of the story. If the symbol is obscure or ambiguous, then the very obscurity and the ambiguity may also be part of the meaning of the story.19. Symbolism:Symbolism is the writing technique of using symbols. It’s a literary movement that arose in France in the last half of the 19th century and that greatly influenced many English writers, particularly poets, of the 20th century. It enables poets to compress a very complex idea or set of ideas into one image or even one word. It’s one of the most powerful devices that poets employ in creation.20. Theme; The general idea or insight about life that a writer wishes to express in a literary work. All the elements of a literary work-plot, setting, characterization, and figurative language-contribute to the development of its theme.21. Tone: The attitude a writer takes toward his or her subject, characters, or audience. The tone of a speech ora piece of writing can be formal or intimate; outspoken or reticent; abstruse or simple; solemn or playful; angry or loving; serious or ironic.22. Tragedy: In general, a literary work in which the protagonist meets an unhappy or disastrous23. Motif: A recurring feature (such as a name, an image, or a phrase) in a work of literature. A motif generally contributes in some way to the theme of a short story, novel, poem, or play. At times, motif is used to refer to some commonly used plot or character type in literature.24. Motivation:The reasons, either stated or implied, for a character’s behavior. To make a story believable, a writer must provide characters with motivation sufficient to explain what they do. Characters may be motivated by outside events, or they may be motivated by inner needs or fears.25.Narrator: One who narrates, or tells, a story. A story may be told by a first-person narrator, someone who is either a major or minor character in the story. Or a story may be told by a third-person narrator, someone who is not in the story at all. The word narrator can also refer to a character in a drama who guides the audience through the play, often commenting on the action and sometimes participating in it.26. Novel: A book-length fictional prose narrative, having may characters and often a complex plot.27.Plot: Plot is the first and most obvious quality of a story. It is the sequence of events or actions in a short story, novel, play, or narrative poem. For the reader, the plot is the underlying pattern in a work of fiction, the structural element that gives it unity and order. For the writer, the plot is the guiding principle of selection and arrangement. Conflict, a struggle of some kind, is the most important element of plot. Each event in the plot is related to the conflict, the struggle that the main character undergoes. Conflict may be external or internal, and there may be more than one form of conflict in a work. As the plot advances, we learn how the conflict is resolved. Action is generally introduced by the exposition, information essential to understanding the situation. The action rises to a crisis, or climax. This movement is called the rising action. The falling action, which follows the crisis, shows a reversal of fortune for the protagonist. The denouement or resolution is the moment when the conflict ends and the outcome of the action is clear.28. Point of view: The vantage point from which a narrative is told. There are two basic points of view:first-person and third-person. In the first-person point of view, the story is told by one of the characters in his or her own words. The first-person point of view is limited. In the third-person point of view, the narrator is not a character in the story. The narrator may be an omniscient. On the other hand, the third-person narrator mighttell a story from the point of view of only one character in the story.29. Protagonist: The central character of a drama, novel, short story, or narrative poem. The protagonist is the character on whom the action centers and with whom the reader sympathizes most. Usually the protagonist strives against an opposing force, or antagonist , to accomplish something30. Diction:A writer’s choice of words, particularly for clarity, effectiveness, and precision.31. Exp osition: (1) That part of a narrative or drama in which important background information is revealed. (2) It is the kind of writing that is intended primarily to present information. Exposition is one of the major formsof discourse. The most familiar form it takes is in essays. Exposition is also that part of a play in which important background information is revealed to the audience.32. Figurative language: Language that is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense. By appealing to the imagination, figurative language provides new ways of looking at the world. Figurative language consists of such figures of speech as hyperbole, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron矛盾修饰法, personification, simile, and synecdoche.33. Figure of speech: A word or an expression that is not meant to be interpreted in a literal sense. The most common kinds of figures of speech—simile, metaphor, personification, and metonymy—involve a comparison between unlike things.34. Foreshadowing: The use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest what will happen later. Writers use foreshadowing to create interest and to build suspense. Sometimes foreshadowing also prepares the reader for the ending of the story.35. Irony: A contrast or an incongruity between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually happens. Three kinds of irony are (1) verbal irony, in which a writer or speaker says one thing and means something entirely different; (2) dramatic irony, in which a reader or an audience perceives something that a character in the story or play does not know; (3) irony of situation, in which the writer shows a discrepancy between the expected results of some action or situation and its actual results.36. Antagonist: A person or force opposing the protagonist in a narrative; a rival of the hero or heroine.37. Denouement结局: The outcome of a plot. The denouement is that part of a play, short story, novel, or narrative poem in which conflicts are resolved or unraveled, and mysteries and secrets connected with the plot are explained.。

英语中的十九种修辞

例如：
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上，倾泻出百合花似的声音。
2>.Taste the music of Mozart。(用嗅觉形容听觉)
这也是一种矛盾修辞法，用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物，以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。
例如：
1>.No light, but rather darkness visible。没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见
2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome。
例如：
1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?
2>.Shall we allow பைடு நூலகம்hose untruths to go unanswered?
15.Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶
例如：
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
3.Metonymy 借喻，转喻
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。

Climax and Anticlimax

Climax
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. The audience smiled, chuckled, and finally howled. (微笑，窃窃而笑最后捧腹大笑)
Anticlimax
The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes. A man snatches the first kiss, pleads for second, demands the third, takes the fourth, accepts the fifth-and endures all the rest.
I’m sorry, I am so very sorry, I am so extremely sorry. (Chesterton) He who loses wealth loses much; he who loses a friend loses more; but he who loses courage loses all.
I came, I saw, I conquered. Some read to think, these are rare; some read to write, these are common; and some read to talk, and these form the great majority.
Climax(层进法)
A rhetorical series of ideas, images, etc. arranged progressively so that the most forceful is last. 通过一系列观念、形象的修辞安排，逐步把意思往前推进，最有力量的放在最后

电影名词解释（中英文对照）（1）_新闻传媒英语词汇

aberration 像差摄影影头因制作不精密，或人为的损害，不能将一点所发出的所有光线聚焦于底片感光膜上的同一位置，使影像变形，或失焦模糊不清。

absolute film 绝对电影一种用抽象图形来诠释音乐的影片。

由德国羊肠小道前卫电影导演奥斯卡费辛格于1925-1930年首创。

abstract film 抽象电影一种通过影片的剪辑、视觉技巧、声音性质、色彩形状以及韵律设计等，来表达意念，给人一种自由自在、不拘形式感觉的电影。

电影术语以及解释academic editing 学院式剪接一种仔细依循电影剧情发展过程的剪接方式。

其目的是在于重建一个事件的全部过程，维持电影剧情发展的流畅性。

因这种剪接方式不会引起观众对剪接本身的注意，有时也被称为“无痕迹剪接”，是好莱坞最常用的剪接方式之一。

academy aperture 影艺学院片门由美国影艺学院推行的一种电影片门规格，主要是用于35毫米电影摄影机和放映机。

此种规格宽高比例为1.33：1。

亦称academy frame。

academy awards 奥斯卡金像奖美国影艺学院于1972年设立的奖项，每年颁给表现杰出的电影工作者。

每一个奖项最多有五个提名。

个人项目奖，可以提高演员或电影工作者的身价。

academy leader 影艺学院导片依据影艺学院所设定的标准，连接在放映拷贝首尾的一段胶片。

导片中含有一系列倒数的数字、放映记录和其他信息，便于放映师装片和换片。

导片不仅有保护影片的功能，同时可使放映机从起动到第一格画面到达放映机片门之前，达到正常的放映速度。

academy mask 影艺学院遮片由影艺学院规画出来的一种遮掩摄影机部分片门的装置。

academy of motion picture arts ＆science 美国影艺学院（台）美国电影艺术和科学学院（大陆）成立于1927年，宗旨是“提升电影媒体的艺术品质，提供电影工业不同部门及技术的普遍交流，促进动技术研究与文化发展的代表作，追求其既定的多元化目标”。

Anti-climax

Anti-climax（突降；反高潮）I. DefinitionThe usually sudden transition in writing or speaking from an idea of significance or dignity to an idea trivial or ludicrous by comparison especially at the close of a series, sentences, or passage.从重要的、崇高的话题突然降至不重要的、卑微的话题，即从高潮一下子降到低潮，给人以轻松、幽默、诙谐等感觉。

II. Climax & Anti-climax1.Anti-climax is the opposite of climax.2.从结构上看，anti-climax与climax 的不同之处在于：climax所排列的层递结构一般都在三项或三项以上；而anti-climax 所排列的突降结构两项即可成立，但也不乏三项或三项以上者。

Anticlimax(突降)在语义上的急转直下往往出人意料之外，令人猝不及防。

这主要是由于其最后一项结构与前一项(或数项)结构在内容上形成鲜明对照，其次还在于Anticlimax常采用掉尾句(periodic sentence)或破折号等语法手段，从而给读者或听众造成一种悬念。

III. Examples1. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a fortune must be in want of a wife．---June Austen：Pride and Prejudice这是一条举世公认的真理:凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的真理。

2. For God，for America，and for Y ale．为了上帝，为了美国，也为了耶鲁。

climax and anticlimax

Anticlimax 递降
作者首先说出“有许多车载骡驮的旅伴”，读者脑子里预料作者会进一步谈及诸如政治家、艺术家、作家等各种各样重要的旅行者，没想到紧接着陡然一降，接上去的话竟是 ‘和灰尘’。“灰尘”与“旅伴”相提并论，轻重有天壤之别，不由人不笑；然而日晒天干，尘土飞扬，旅行人多更生滚滚灰尘，想来其情其景亦不由人不笑。
Climax 递升
I admire her, I love her, I need her. 我敬慕她，我钟爱她，我需要她。
从“敬慕到钟爱到需要”生动形象地表述了说话人越来越强烈的感情和迫不及待地欲与该女结为连理的强烈愿望。
He dares to think, dares to speak, and dares to act. 他敢想、敢说、敢做。
Climax 递升
递升修辞格是阐述事理时把一系列相关的事物按由轻到重,由弱到强的顺序排列, 有如楼梯沿级而上达到顶点, 使事理阐述越来越明了,越来越强调,越来越深刻的一种修辞手法.
书上P272 有涉及这部分的内容
Climax 递升
I am sorry, I am terribly sorry, I am extremely sorry. 我抱歉，我很抱歉，我实在太抱歉了。 It is good, it is very good, it is wonderful. 好，很好，实在太好了。 Good! It is not just good, but wonderful! 好!不是小好，而是大好!
从“面对魔鬼”降到“面对老鼠”再到“在一阵闪电面前会失去控制而精神崩溃”，让读者在嬉笑中体会到该女人“外强中干”、 “装腔作势”的胆小鬼形象。
Thank you——

渐进句和突降句

渐进句和突降句渐进句和突降句是英语句子构建的两种不同方式，它们在句子的发展和信息呈现方面具有不同的特点。

1、渐进句（Cumulative sentence）渐进句是指一个句子由一个基础句式引出以后，再逐渐增加具体细节（通常是以独立结构和分词短语形式出现），使基础句的内容得到补充或深化。

这种句子表达的意思逐渐进一步说明。

例如：The fall came early that year，the trees turning bare overnight，their yellow leaves scattered by the wind...（那年秋天来得早，一夜之间树木变得光秃秃的，黄色的树叶被风吹得满地都是……）这个句子中，基础句式“The fall came early that year”被后续的细节“the trees turning bare overnight”和“their yellow leaves scattered by the wind”所补充和深化，呈现出一种逐渐进一步说明的语气。

2、突降句（Anticlimax）突降句是指句子开始时先呈现出一种高度的紧张或期待状态，然后在句子结尾时突然降低或解构这种状态，从而达到一种幽默或讽刺的效果。

这种句子通常使用相反或出人意料的结尾来颠覆读者或听者的预期。

例如：“I was so excited to open my gift from my mother. It was a new pair of socks.”（我非常兴奋地打开我妈妈送给我的礼物，结果是一双新袜子。

）这个句子开始时通过强调“我非常兴奋”来建立一种期待，但结尾却突然降低这种期待，从而达到一种幽默的效果。

总的来说，渐进句和突降句在句子构建和信息呈现方面具有不同的特点。

渐进句通过逐渐增加细节来深化句子的意义，而突降句则通过颠覆读者的预期来达到幽默或讽刺的效果。

浅析《夜莺与玫瑰》中的几种主要修辞手法

浅析《夜莺与玫瑰》中的几种主要修辞手法文章介绍：《夜莺与玫瑰》是一篇童话，故事讲述了一位年轻的学生渴望得到一朵红玫瑰送给教授的女儿，这样她会答应与他跳舞。

他因找不到红玫瑰而伤心苦恼，为了使他获得爱情，夜莺唱了整整一夜的歌，用玫瑰刺刺穿自己的心脏，用自己的鲜血染红了一朵最为娇艳的红玫瑰。

年轻的学生拿着这朵玫瑰送给心上人，可她却说内廷大臣的侄子的珠宝比鲜花更值钱。

失望的学生认清了爱情的无聊本质，扔掉玫瑰，回去读书了。

这个故事歌颂了夜莺为了别人的幸福与快乐而牺牲自己的高尚情操，同时也鞭挞了人类社会的庸俗和肮脏。

作品最后，作者留下了一句令人感慨的一句话“爱情诚如手中玫瑰，娇艳名贵，但如果你不再需要它时，便是一分不值。

”作者是奥斯卡·王尔德，他是英国著名的作家、剧作家、散文家和诗人，是19世纪末英国唯美主义代表人物之一，“为艺术而艺术”的倡导者，他坚信美可以拯救社会和人心。

《夜莺与玫瑰》这部作品极为感人，作品语言生动优美，辞藻华丽，诗意浓郁，被认为是诗的散文化，作者运用了大量的修辞手法和写作手法。

一、拟人（Personification）Personification is a figure in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human form.拟人是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，使文章的表达更加生动形象，让阅读者更真巧的体会到文章的意境及作者所要表达的思想感情，同时也使文章易懂但不通俗。

在《夜莺与玫瑰》中，作品通篇使用了拟人的手法来修饰文中的树木、花鸟等，作者给它们都赋予了人类的思想感情，它们就像我们身边活生生的各类人群一样说着、笑着、哭着、思考着、行动着，让人倍感熟悉与亲切。

如：例1．“Her e at last is a true lover," said the Nightingale. "Night after night have I sung of him, though I knew him not: night after night have I told his story to the stars and now I see him…”例2．But the Oak-tree understood and felt sad, for he was very fond of the little Nightingale, who had built her nest in his branches. “Sing me one last song,” he whispered; “I shall feel lonely when you are gone.”例3．Then she gave one last burst of music. The white Moon heard it, and she forgot the dawn, and lingered on in the sky.在例1中，作者赋予了夜莺以自己的思想，借夜莺之嘴写出了作者对真爱的追求；例2是夜莺做了以死换红玫瑰的决定后，作者描写了橡树的感受，表现出了橡树对夜莺的疼爱和理解，让人深刻感受到生离死别的无奈与痛苦以及朋友的有力支持。

英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句英语中有19种修辞手法，它们分别是：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻、Metonymy 借喻，转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比，平行、Euphemism 委婉，婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻，比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法，逆喻、Climax 渐进法，层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。

下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，快来学习吧！1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。

这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。

标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。

例如：1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。

2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。

3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。

2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。

例如：1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。

2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。

英语修辞.Climax,28.Anticlimax,

第二十一页，编辑于星期六：二十一点五十五分。
Examples
• （1）The big fish eat the little ones, the little ones eat shrimps, and the shrimps are forced to eat mud.
• 大鱼吃小鱼，小鱼吃虾米，虾米吃污泥。
• Unlike climax, which needs at least three “steps” up the ladder to achieve effect, anti-climax sometimes only two “steps” down the ladder are taken to gain emphasis.
第十二页，编辑于星期六：二十一点五十五分。
Examples
• --但是从更深意义上讲，我们不能奉献，不能献祭,更不能使这块土地成为圣地。一切曾经在这
里战斗过的人们，不论生者死者，他们所做出的奉献之大，远不是我们所能妄加损益的。
第十三页，编辑于星期六：二十一点五十五分。
Examples
•
(Francis Bacon: “Of Studies”)
•阅读使人ຫໍສະໝຸດ 实；•交谈使人敏捷；
•
写作使人精确。
第十页，编辑于星期六：二十一点五十五分。
Examples
• (4)I am sorry, I am so very sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
• 我抱歉，我很抱歉，我十分抱歉。
第二十页，编辑于星期六：二十一点五十五分。
Continued
• The effect can range from humorous to devastating.

英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句修辞是能够让语言变得更加富有表达性的工具，同时也是让语言变得更加复杂的一种语言现象，了解修辞手法，能够让我们更加容易了解作者或者说话者想要来表达的情感和想法。

英语和汉语一样，也有着丰富的修辞手法。

今天我们来了解一下英语中的修辞手法，帮助我们更好的学习英语。

英语中有19种修辞手法,它们分别是：Simile明喻、Metaphor隐喻,暗喻、Metonymy借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia通感,联觉,移觉、Personification拟人、Hyperbole夸张、Parallelism排比,平行、Euphemism委婉,婉辞法、Allegory讽喻,比方、Irony反语、Pun双关、Parody仿拟、Rhetoricalquestion修辞疑问、Antithesis对照,对比,对偶、Paradox隽语、Oxymoron反意法,逆喻、Climax渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax渐降法。

下面和大家一一介绍一下这19种修辞手法，同时也给出全部解释和例句：1、Simile明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like,as,seem,as if,as though,similar to,such as 等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wan dered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked ou t of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be taste d, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。

修辞手法综合的介绍

修辞手法综合介绍一、相似或联系修辞格这类修辞格包括生动形象的si mi le；含而不露的me ta p ho r；蕴含新意的me to ny m y、s yn ec do ch e和an to no ma si a；含蓄典雅的al lu si on；变无灵为有灵的pe rs o ni fi ca ti on；结构灵巧的t r an sf er re d ep ith e t；一语两意的p u n；趣味盎然的p a ro dy。

1．S i mi le（明喻）1) I se e al so t he d ul l, d ri ll ed, do ci le b ru ti sh m a ss es o f t he H un s ol die r y pl od di ng o n l i ke a s wa rm o f c r aw li ng l o cu st s.我还看到那些呆头呆脑、训练有素、既驯服听话又凶残野蛮的德国士兵像一群蝗虫般地向前蠕动着。

作者把德国士兵比作一群给人类会带来灾难的蝗虫，因为二者有共同之处——传播毁灭。

这一比喻形象地表明了作者对德国纳粹侵略军的无比仇恨和极端蔑视。

2．M e ta ph o r（隐喻）2)By t he ti me th e t ri al b eg an on Ju ly 10, o ur t ow n o f 1500 p eo pl e ha d t a ke n on a c ir cus at mo sp he re.7月10 日审判开始时，这个拥有1500人的小镇已呈现出一派看马戏般的热闹气氛。

3) B ut a lt ho ug h Ma l on e ha d wo n t he o ra to ri ca l du el w i thB r ya n….虽然马伦在这场与布莱恩的唇枪舌战获全胜，? ?在以上两个例句里，喻体直接代替本体，本体和比喻词直接隐去。

英语的修辞可以分为消极修辞和积极修辞两大类

英语的修辞可以分为消极修辞和积极修辞两大类。

一、消极修辞(Passive Rhetoric Techniques)它主要指那些没有相对固定格式的修辞性写作技巧，它与语法、语言结构和词汇的关系密切，只是为了修辞和立意新颖的缘故，对之做了一些调整。

举一种情况进行说明：为了增加文采，强化文章的表现力，常常避免重复使用同一个词汇，而另选他词。

这种无固定格式可循的消极修辞手段被称为Elegant Variation （求雅换词）。

如在Elizabeth Razzi写的题为10 Ways to Lose Pounds 的文章中，“减肥”的表达竟有8种，文笔活泼，文采灿然：1. Try to shed a few extra pounds? 2. Studies show these efforts may shave off the pounds quickly. 3. Here are ten simple strategies that can help melt away your fat forever. 4. …like a logical way to peel off a few pounds. 5. …roughly the amount needed to burn off one pound. 6. You must eat less to lose weight. 7. A key obstacle to dropping extra pounds is after-dinner snacking. 8. 10 Ways to Lose Pounds. 以上8句中的斜体字让我们欣赏了英语词汇的活力与风采。

遗憾的是，大部分精彩的用词不能直译。

求雅换词的手法之一是大字小用，或小词大用。

如：Don’t take the low-fat label as a license to eat. 句子写得精彩，最难忘的是其中license一词。

Parallelism排比法,Climax,Anticlimax突降法

3. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 一些书籍浅尝辄止，另外一些需囫囵吞下，很少的则一些需要咀嚼和消化。
1. Social status, friends, reputation, life itself, had no longer any attraction for him. 社会地位、朋友、名誉、生活本身对他再没有什么吸引力了。 2. I think we've reached a point of great decision, not just for our nation, not only for all humanity, but for life upon the earth.
Example 举例
1. For God, for American, and for Yale. 为了上帝，为了美国，为了耶鲁。（耶鲁大学校训）
2. As a serious young man, I love BeethHe has seen the ravages of war, he has known natural catastrophes, he has been to the single bars.
Effect 效果
It is the opposite of Climax. 作为一种修辞手法，突降是相对于层进而言的。
这种有“虎头蛇尾”之嫌的修辞手段，能使文句产生画龙点睛、诙谐幽默的效果。语势由强而弱，语气由重而轻。渐降的功能是为了取笑或讽刺，是为了达到喜剧的效果。
1. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife . 有钱的单身汉总想要娶位太太，这是条举世公认的真理。《傲慢与偏见》 2. The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes. 士兵的职责是保卫祖国和剥土豆皮。

修辞手法anticlimax

• 与 climax 相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列.
Examples
1.For God, for American, and for Yale. 为了上帝，为了美国，为了耶鲁。（耶鲁大
学校训）
2. "He has seen the ravages of war, he has known natural catastrophes, he has been to singles bars.“ (Woody Allen, "Speech to the Graduates")
“失去了情人”事大，可是却与“丢了口红” 相提并论，这就产生了滑稽感。
• 8.He lost his empire, his family and his fountain pen.
• 他失去了帝国，失去了家庭，失去了钢笔。
• 先由“大国”到“小家”，最后突然降至出人意料的细微之事——“钢笔”。作者通过anticlimax这一修辞手段，把“他”的悲惨厄运运用幽默的笔调表现的淋淋尽致，读后使人回味无穷。
• 有钱的单身汉总想要娶位太太，这事条举世公认的真理。《傲慢与偏见》
• 4. The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
• 士兵的职责是保卫祖国和剥土豆皮。
• 5. "Not only is there no God, but try getting a plumber on weekends.
Anti-climax
• It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous.

英语否定前缀后缀列表大全

英语否定前缀后缀列表大全英语中的否定前缀和后缀在语言学习中非常重要，掌握它们可以帮助我们更好地理解和使用英语。

此处提供一个英语否定前缀和后缀列表，方便大家学习和记忆。

以下是详细步骤：一、否定前缀列表：1. a-, an- : “不……，非……”如： asexual（无性的），anarchy（无政府状态）2. anti- : “反对，防止”如: antibiotic（抗生素），anticlimax （反高潮）3. de- : “去掉，否定”如: decompose（分解），denounce（谴责）4. dis- : “不，非，否定”如: disconnect（断开），disagree（不同意）5. il-, im-, in-, ir- : “不，非”如: illegal（非法的），impossible（不可能的），insufficient（不足的），irregular（不规则的）6. non- : “非，不”如: nonviolent（非暴力的），nonstop（不停的）7. un- : “非，不”如: unwanted（不需要的），unhappy（不开心的），unclear（不清楚的）二、否定后缀列表：1. -less : “没有，无……的”如: careless（粗心的），hopeless（没有希望的）2. -free : “无，不含”如: sugar-free（无糖的），fat-free（不含脂肪的）3. -less : “无，未有”如: timelessness（永恒的），limitless （无限的）4. -less : “非，不，无……的”如: colorless（无色的），speechless（无言的）5. -ful : “充满了，有…的”如: hopeful（有希望的），grateful （感激的）6. -less : “欠缺，不足”如: homeless（无家可归的），jobless （失业的）7. -ic : “具有…的，和…有关的”如: comic（滑稽的），athletic（体育的）8. -wise : “以…的方式”如: clockwise（顺时针方向的），clockwise（逆时针方向的）9. -like : “像……的”如: childlike（像孩子的），candle-like （像蜡烛的）三、小结：以上就是英语否定前缀和后缀列表的全部内容，掌握这些前缀和后缀对于英语初学者非常重要，能够帮助我们更好地阅读、理解和使用英语。

英语修辞格译法(16)

第九章英语修辞格的译法（教学安排：2课时）修辞格(figure of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。

它能使语言生动形象、具体活泼，给人以美的享受。

要翻译好英语修辞格，首先要弄清其特点、弄清英汉两种语言在这方面的异同，然后根据具体情况采用恰当的技巧进行翻译。

翻译英语修辞格力求译文能有效地再现原文的修辞效果，否则译文即使在大意上与原文差不多，也会使原文的精神和风格受损，削弱语言的表达力。

一般说来，修辞格的翻译原则是形似不如神似重要。

要做到这一点有时可以采取直译，因为英汉两种语言在修辞手法上存在某些惊人的相似之处；但有时仅靠直译是不行的，因为英汉两种语言还存在着许多差异。

无视这些差异而采用直译不但不能保持原文中修辞格的神韵，反而会歪曲原作的意思，造成译文语言晦涩难懂。

这时译者就得借助其他翻译技巧，根据具体情况灵活地改换原文的某些修辞手法，使译文符合译入语的语言规范和表述习惯。

大致说来修辞格的翻译法有三：直译法、意译法和直译加注法。

但是，不管采用什么方法，都应尽量保留原修辞格的语言文化特色，努力传递出各种辞格的结构美、意韵美和音韵美。

一、Simile（明喻）simile与汉语的明喻基本相同，用某一事物或情境来比拟另一个事物或情境，使其变抽象为具体、化深奥为浅显、化陌生为熟悉，使描写更加生动形象。

英语simile 的比喻词一般是like, as（……as）等, 汉语明喻的比喻词通常是“好像”、“仿佛”、“一样”、“犹如”、“若”、“似”等。

例如：例1原文：They are like streetcars running contentedly on their rails.译文：1．直译当英语和汉语明喻中的喻义和喻体相对应时，可以采取直译。

例2原文：Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water.译文：例3原文：Mrs. Macbeth has a heart as hard as flint.译文：例4原文：Previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decide, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar.译文：例5as cold as ice as light as feather as bold as a lionas rapid as lightening as hungry as a wolf applause like thundersas sly as a fox as slow as a turtle as busy as a bee as dirty and greedy as a pig 2．改变喻体当英汉明喻中的喻义相同而喻体不同时，翻译时需要改变喻体。