2020高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 情态动词与虚拟语气 新人教版

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2019-2020学年新人教版高中英语高效学案:必修二 情态动词和虚拟语气

2019-2020学年新人教版高中英语高效学案:必修二 情态动词和虚拟语气

高三一轮语法回顾与训练--- 情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词1.情态动词不能独立作谓语,需与其后动词原形一起构成谓语部分;情态动词没有人称和数的变化;情态动词+ do / be表现在或将来的动作或状态,情态动词+ have (been) done表过去动作或状态,情态动词+ be doing表推测现在或将来正在进行的动作。

2.考点归纳一、can, could 与be able to的用法1. can / could用来表示“一般能力”,如凭借体力、脑力或技能去做某事;be able to 有多种时态,且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”,尤其指通过努力才能做成某事。

My grandma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2. can / could表示惊讶,常用在否定句和疑问句中。

How can you treat me like that?3. can / could表示礼貌地请求别人做某事,意为“能,可以”。

与man/might意义相近。

Can / May I have a word with you? It won’t take long.二、may与might1. 表示允许,意为“可以,许可”,用法基本上同can与could。

May / Can I use your bicycle?2. 表示可能性,意为“也许,可能”。

According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.3. may可以放在句首,表示祝愿。

用may+动词原形,may须置于句首=I wish you…May you succeed!三、mustmust表示义务、命令或必要,意为“必须”,它的否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止”,表示说话者的命令或指令,语气比较强烈。

高中英语 人教版高三年级高考复习+语法知识点:情态动词和虚拟语气

高中英语 人教版高三年级高考复习+语法知识点:情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气讲解和练习考点❶情态动词的基本用法1.can 和could的用法(1)表示“能力,能够”。

—No one can_be_compared_with Yao Ming in playing basketball.——在打篮球方面,无人能与姚明相媲美。

—Oh,you are really his big fan.——你真是姚明的铁杆粉丝。

(2)表示“许可”,此时can可以和may换用。

You can (may) go home now.你现在可以回家了。

(3)表示惊讶,常用在否定句和疑问句中。

How could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢?2.may和might的用法(1)may和might表示“请求许可”。

—May I take the book out?——我能将书带出去吗?—I'm afraid not.——恐怕不行。

(2)“may/might as well+动词原形”意为“最好;不妨”。

If you think the price of beef is too high,you may_as_well_buy some pork.It depends on you.如果你认为牛肉太贵的话,你不妨买些猪肉。

你自己决定。

(1)表示必要性,意为“必须”。

—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?——我现在通知他日程表的变动吗?—I_am_afraid_you_must,in case he comes late for the meeting.——恐怕你必须通知他,以免他开会迟到。

(2)表示禁止(用于否定句)。

The new law states that people mustn't_drive after drinking alcohol.新颁布的法律禁止人们酒后驾车。

高考英语语法专题复习-动词的语气-虚拟语气

高考英语语法专题复习-动词的语气-虚拟语气

语法复习十:动词的语气——虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类l、语气:语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类:(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如:We are not ready. 我们没准备好。

What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。

如: Open the door, please。

请打开门。

(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你,我就学英语了。

May you succeed! 祝您成功!二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何。

在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。

如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。

如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。

(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。

)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

现将虚拟条件从should 可用于各种人称。

l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。

如: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。

2、表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。

2020年高考英语语法必考考点 8 虚拟语气及情态动词

2020年高考英语语法必考考点 8 虚拟语气及情态动词

2020年高考英语语法必考考点(8)虚拟语气及情态动词【考点解读】 情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,每年单项填空题必考一题。

考点集中在:情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别;情态动词否定式的用法辨析:“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。

虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点,但是难点。

考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上,因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。

虚拟语气考点透析 考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法 1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,基本结构为:主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if +should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。

例如: ①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing,I would invite her to the party.A. couldn’tB. shouldn’tC. can’tD. might not 解析句意为:如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实,我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。

that从句为同位语从句,描述的是事实,用陈述语气。

正确答案为C。

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,基本结构为:主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if +should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。

例如: If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day.A. rainedB. rainsC. has rainedD.is raining 解析句意为:如果天气好的话,我们是能够去野餐的,但是下了一天的雨。

句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情,所以用了虚拟语气。

“下了一天的雨”是事实,所以用陈述语气。

高三英语一轮复习语法专题学案5:专题3 情态动词和虚拟语气

高三英语一轮复习语法专题学案5:专题3 情态动词和虚拟语气

虚拟语气(1)虚拟语气的基本用法(2)含蓄虚拟条件句这样的虚拟句不含有if从句,而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句,主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。

(3)虚拟语气的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有were,had,should,could等动词时,可以将if省略,然后将were,had,should,could 等词移至句首。

(4)错综虚拟语气主从句指的是不同的时间,根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式。

(5)主语从句中的虚拟语气:It is +形容词/动词的过去分词/名词+主语从句的结构中,从句的谓语动词须用动词原形或should +do的形式常用的这类词有:形容词:advisable、natural、anxious、necessary、better、regretful、desirable、strange、surprising、important过去分词:decided、recommended、demanded、requested、desired、required、ordered、suggested名词:duty、pity、no surprise、regret、no wonder、shame(6)宾语从句中的虚拟语气①wish后的宾语从句wish(that)+ did/were(would/should do) 表示与现在或将来相反;had done(would/should have done) 表示与过去相反。

②某些动词表示愿望、要求、建议和命令等。

从句形式为:(should)+动词原形常用的动词有:advise、order、command、decide、propose、demand、recommend、request、require、insist、suggest、urge注意:insist表示“坚持认为,坚持说”时,从句中不用虚拟语气;表示“坚持要求”时,从句用虚拟语气。

【最新】2020届高考英语语法精品学案:专题八 情态动词和虚拟语气

【最新】2020届高考英语语法精品学案:专题八 情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等,是中学英语语法的重点,也是高考的热点,是单项填空必考的一个知识点。

情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点:情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法;情态动词与虚拟语气;情态动词表达“情感、态度、语气等”;情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。

虚拟语气的考点主要集中在名词性从句、条件句中的用法,以及错综条件句中虚拟语气的应用。

一、情态动词表推测的用法has gone toShanghai. B:It must beMr. Wang.He looks likeourheadmaster.②That maynot be true.③Hecouldn'thavediscoveredthe truth.—When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ________ be ready by 12:00.A.can B.should C.might D.need【解析】B A项表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中。

C项表示推测语气不太肯定。

should意为“按理说,理应”,既回答了顾客的询问,不失礼貌,又为照片有可能尚未洗好,顾客到时取不到留下了回旋的余地,体现了店主的精明与用词经过仔细推敲。

二、情态动词的其他用法1.can, could, may, mightcould/ might。

2.must, should3. need, dare4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would二、情态动词+have done四、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 如果明天下雨的话,我就不开车了。

2020新课标高考艺考英语复习教师用书:第一板块专题二第五讲 情态动词和虚拟语气

2020新课标高考艺考英语复习教师用书:第一板块专题二第五讲 情态动词和虚拟语气

第五讲情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词在语法填空中鲜有考查,但在写作中经常用到,对于有些考生来说情态动词是掌握的难点,在写作中经常犯低级错误而造成不应有的失分,因此在二轮备考中应加强对这一部分的学习。

情态动词的基本含义要知晓[实例体验]1.(2018·天津卷)I can't find my purse.I might/could have left it in the supermarket yesterday,but I'm not sure.2.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)As a kid,I loved to watch cartoons,but no matter how many times I asked to watch them,my parents would not let me.3.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)You needn't have taken a taxi;it's only five-minute walk to the park.[重点强化]1.情态动词不能单独作谓语,必须和后面的实义动词或be动词一起构成谓语。

写作时,考生常由于低级失误而在情态动词后接动词的过去式、过去分词或现在分词;或者由于受汉语的影响而漏掉情态动词后面的be动词。

2.“情态动词+have done”的用法(1)must have done“一定做过了某事”,表示对过去事情有把握的推测。

(2)could/can have done“本能做某事(而实际上未做)”,can't/couldn't have done“(过去)不可能做过某事”。

(3)may/might have done“(过去)有可能做过某事”。

(4)should/ought to have done“本该做某事而没做”。

(5)needn't have done“本不必做某事(而实际上做了)”。

高考英语一轮复习 语法篇情态动词和虚拟语气金学案 新人教版

高考英语一轮复习 语法篇情态动词和虚拟语气金学案 新人教版

高考英语一轮复习语法篇情态动词和虚拟语气金学案新人教版1.情态动词的考查在高考试题中所占比重相对比较稳定,但难度有逐渐加大的趋势,大多数试题需要根据语境反复推敲才能确定其正确选项,其命题点主要体现在:(1)表示揣测、请求、命令、警告、义务、责备、许可、能力等情感态度的情态动词的考查。

(2)情态动词在虚拟语气中的正确运用及某些情态动词特定语气的考查。

2.近几年考查虚拟语气的考点呈上升趋势,但具体内容均为基本的虚拟语气句型熟记并活用。

一、情态动词1.几组易混情态动词的基本用法(1) can与could的用法在日常会话中表示“许可,容许”时,常用can;当请求得到许可时,经常用could,较为礼貌,而不用can。

You can go now.你现在可以走了。

Could I borrow your car?我可以借用你的汽车吗?can还可以用于表示做某事的能力;谈论将来有能力做某事时,要用will be able to;could经常多地用于表示某人在某时期内拥有的能力。

I’ll be able to speak better if I practise more.我如果多练习,就会讲得更好。

I could swim when I was eight.我8岁时,就会游泳。

can通常用于询问某事是否可能,还通常用来表示某事是不可能的;could表示更多的疑问。

That can’t be true.那不可能是真的。

Could that really be true?那事真的会是那样吗?(2)may与might的用法may可表示猜测(可能,也许);表允许(可以);也可表示祝愿;might也可表示猜测,但可能性比may小;可表示允许;还表示礼貌地询问是否可以干某事等。

You may start writing now—the examination will finish in three hours.你们现在可以开始答题——考试将在3小时后结束。

2020年高考英语二轮复习 情态动词和虚拟语气学案

2020年高考英语二轮复习 情态动词和虚拟语气学案

学习目标:1自主学习创新教程情态动词和虚拟语气内容。

2分析历年热门考点进行实战演练。

学习难点:3各类从句中的虚拟语气一、复习时需注意的要点(一)情态动词1、情态动词在句中没有人称和数的变化。

2、含有情态动词的句子改为否定句或疑问句不必加助动词,只需要将情态动词置于主语前,或在情态动词后加上not。

例如:Must I write a letter to cheer him up?You needn’t wait for me.3、情态动词的过去式,例如can—could,may—might。

但是少数情态动词只有过去式,例如used to表示过去常常。

must的过去式往往用had to代替。

4、情态动词后还可接不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式。

例如:He can’t be doing his homework now. 他现在不可能在做功课。

He must have attended the meeting last night. 昨晚他一定参加了会议。

(二)虚拟语气1、在if条件句中,如果含有were , should或had等助动词,if可以省去,句子用倒装。

例如:Were I you , I would buy this reference book.2、should与would都可以用于if条件句的主句中,但should一般只用于第一人称,would用于所有人称。

例如:If you were here , I would tell you the news .3、某些条件可以用介词短语without… , but for 等来表示。

例如:Without your help , I could not have succeeded in passing the exam .4、有时句子通过but或otherwise等词来表示真实与虚拟的转换,在这种情况下,只有不真实的部分用虚拟式。

例如:I was ill yesterday;otherwise I would have played football with you .But for the heavy rain , we would have gone to the concert .5、有suggest等词的相应的名词组成的同位语从句及表语从句用虚拟式。

高考英语一轮复习语法专题情态动词与虚拟语气(1)(讲)新人教版必修4

高考英语一轮复习语法专题情态动词与虚拟语气(1)(讲)新人教版必修4

情态动词和虚拟语气(1)情态动词基本用法:(1)can和could①can的用法:a.表示体力和脑力方面的能力。

b.表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。

c.表示可能性,理论上的可能性,意为“有时候可能会”,可用于肯定句。

d.表示允许,意思与may接近。

e.表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

f. can的特殊句型:cannot…too enough 表示“无论怎么……也不过分”。

“越……越好”。

cannot but+ do sth. 表示“不得不,只好”。

②could的用法:a.表示能力,指的是过去时间。

b.表示允许,指的是过去时间。

c.表示可能,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和。

d.委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。

主要用于疑问句,回答时用can。

③can与could的区别:can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句(could无此限制)。

couldn’t 的可能性比can’t小。

④can与be able to的区别:a.现在时:无区别,但后者不常用。

b.完成时;can没有完成时,此时要用have( able to。

c.将来时:can没有将来时,要用will be able to。

d.过去时:could表示一般能力,waswere able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。

(2)may 和might①may的用法:a.表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。

b.表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在,通常用在肯定句和否定句中。

注意:表示可能性时,can’t语气强,表示“不可能”,may not语气弱,表示“可能不”。

②might的用法:a.表示询问或允许,指的是过去时间。

b.表示可能发生的事,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,语气更加不肯定,可能性比may小一些。

③may与might的特殊用法:a. “may+主语+动词原形”表示祝愿。

2020版高考英语(新课改·人教版)一轮复习学案专题七情态动词与虚拟语气含解析

2020版高考英语(新课改·人教版)一轮复习学案专题七情态动词与虚拟语气含解析

专题七情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词具有一定的词义,没有人称和数的变化,必须和其他动词一起构成谓语,用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。

1.表示能力(1)表示现在的能力⎩⎨⎧canam/is/are able to(2)表示将来的能力:will be able to (3)表示过去的能力⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧could 表示过去的能力,不表示是否做was/were able to 表示过去有能力做,并且成功地做了 相当于:managed to do sth. /succeeded in doing sth.could have done 表示过去本来能够做但未做I can 't promise anything, but I 'll do what I can . 我不能许诺什么,但我会尽力而为。

(表示现在的能力)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了这个宾馆,但是每个人都逃了出去。

(表示过去有能力做并且成功地做了)I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来可以解出这道题,但我太紧张了。

(表示本来有能力做但未做) 2.表示推测(可能性)可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。

(1)客观的可能性并不表示具体某事是否会发生,而用来说明人或事物的特征.........。

情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的(或理论的)可能性,而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时, can 一般不用于肯定句。

Accidents can happen on such rainy days.在这样的多雨天气里可能会发生事故。

(表示客观的可能性) We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 今晚我们可能去看电影,但还没确定。

高考英语语法专题复习-情态动词和虚拟语气

高考英语语法专题复习-情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词重点难点解析情态动词的高考命题导向:情态动词表示说话者的情感和态度,有一定的含义,但是不能单独做谓语,必须与其他动词连用。

注意区别具有相同功能的,意思相近的情态动词的用法。

二“情态动词+进行式”和“情态动词+完成式”用法一览表填入情态动词的恰当形式或根据括号所提供的词填入情态动词恰当的结构。

1. I should have been there, but I ____________ find the time.2. Helen _______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.3. Tom, you ___________ not leave all your clothes on the floor like this!4. You can’t imagine that a well behaved gentleman _____________ be so rude to a lady.5. It has been announced that candidates_____________ remain in their seats until all thepapers have been collected.6. ---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.---She ____________. I’ve already borrowed one.7. John, look at the time. _______________ you play the piano at such a late hour?8. ---__________ this book be yours?---No, it ____________ not be mine. It ___________ be his.9.As a girl, she ____________ get up at six every day.10.__________ he to clean the classroom after school?11.You ____________ be tired after the long trip, aren’t you?12.---What’s the name?---Khulaifi. __________ I spell that for you?13.You _____________________ (see) the film, haven’t you?14.You _____________________ (talk) on the phone at that time, for I couldn’t get through.15.They _____________________ (miss) the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented fromcoming for some reason.16.______________ you pass the college entrance examinations!17.He had known the matter before you told him, so you _________________ (not tell) it to him.虚拟语气重点难点解析虚拟语气的高考命题导向:虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不是表示客观存在的事实。

超实用高考英语重难点专题复习: 情态动词和虚拟语气(真题再现)

超实用高考英语重难点专题复习: 情态动词和虚拟语气(真题再现)
二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型,必须切实收到实效。首先,要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜,打铁要趁热,每次考试以后,要对班级考试情况了如指掌,充分了解易错点、易考点,这样讲评时,才能有所侧重,才能有针对性地攻克重难点。其次,要规范讲评流程。针对错误率高或重点考Байду номын сангаас的试题,教师引导出方法思路;再由学生个人进行自评自纠,小组讨论展示,找出得分原因和失分原因,真正弄清楚解题思路。师生合作再对解题思路进行再归纳总结,写到纸上记录下来,强化验证结果。三是克服“漏斗思维”。所谓“漏斗思维”,就是:今天正在学,突然有事不继续了,明天已经忘记一大部分,后天想起来,继续学,但是忘记的一大部分似乎又需要重新开始,周而复始,积累数月,结果是仅仅只有一点点的内容,而且是在同一个地方循环往复。对于常错、常考的知识点,要经常复习,要不就如同漏斗一样慢慢溜掉。尤其是对于已经进行过的专题训练、变式训练,不能认为进行过一次、两次就万事大吉,要每隔2周进行“回头看”,把学生的易错题重新编辑,归类整理后附上分析讲解印发给学生,克服漏斗思维,反复夯实专题训练的知识点。
四、阅读理解:重中之重 阅读理解是高考的重头戏,提高成绩,阅读理解是关键。考试临近也要坚持阅读。与其陷入题海,不如抽出20-30分钟阅读英文篇章。 1、阅读训练不停歇。在冲刺阶段,应多进行一些限时训练,通常每五篇阅读材料作为一组,在35到40分钟里完成。这样既可以保证考场上充沛的阅读精力和体力,又可以营造考试的氛围,还提高了阅读速度。 2、阅读文章要复习。提倡在复习阅读的过程中对三点进行注意:单词、语法点以及复杂句。平时的阅读复习,在做完题目后要坚持每天读过几篇后,认真分析1-2篇。 3、把过去老出现错误的归纳一下,看哪类题自己容易错,重点对付该类题。需要注意的是读文章应力求题材多样化,科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等,但如果生词太多,影响理解或过于难懂的文章,则不应花更多的时间。

高考英语一轮总复习专题7情态动词和虚拟语气课件新人教版

高考英语一轮总复习专题7情态动词和虚拟语气课件新人教版

(3)在“It is necessary/important/strange/natural/essential+that从句” 中,谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should 可以省略。
It is important that every member (should) know these rules. 重要的是每个成员都应该知道这些规则。
(3)表示某种倾向或习惯性动作,常译为“总是,习惯于”。would 可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,后面接表示动作的动词,不能 接表示状态的词。
Every morning he will have a walk along the river. 每天早晨,他总是沿着小河散步。
特别提示:used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,强调现在已不存 在。
(3)may表示请求时,其否定式常用mustn’t表示“禁止”。 —May I use your car? ——我可以用一下你的车吗? —No,you mustn’t. ——不行。 (委婉拒绝可用:Sorry,but I’m using it now.或You’d better not.)
3.must (1)表示义务,意为“必须”(主观意志)。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。
考点二
“情态动词+have done”的用法
1.对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测
must have done (过去)一定……;语气比较肯定;用于肯定句 (过去)可能……;语气不确定;用于肯定句和
may(might)have done 否定句 (过去)可能……,用于否定句和疑问句,表示
can(could)have done 怀疑或不确定

高考英语一轮复习《情态动词与虚拟语气》教案 新人教版

高考英语一轮复习《情态动词与虚拟语气》教案 新人教版

情态动词与虚拟语气一、情态动词考点一can和could的用法1.表示惊讶,常用在否定句和疑问句中。

How could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢?2.表示可能性,意为“可能,有时会”。

can和could没有时态的差异,只是could 不太肯定。

Jogging can be harmful to the health.慢跑可能会对健康有害Accidents can/could happen on such rainy days.这样的多雨天气可能会发生交通事故。

(客观的可能性)3.can用于否定句,意为“应该不是,不可能”。

I think it's all right. She can't make a mistake.我想应该没事,她不可能犯错误。

4.cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”;“越……越好”。

You can't be too careful while driving.开车时越小心越好。

You cannot remember enough English words.你记的英语单词越多越好。

5.cannot but+do sth.表示“不得不,只好”。

I couldn't but choose to go. 我只好去。

根据句意可知答案为B。

考点二may和might的用法may和might表示“许可”,“可能性”,“祝愿”等意义。

1.表示许可。

May I come in?Might I borrow your computer?2.表示可能性。

may和might表示可能性时,可以对现在、过去或将来进行推测。

Peter may come with us tonight, but he isn't sure yet.彼得今晚可能和我们一起来,但他还没确定。

(实际可能性,不用can)3.“may as well+动词原形”意为“最好,满可以,倒不如”。

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高考语法专题:情态动词与虚拟语气考纲新研读情态动词1. can, could(1)表示能力或客观可能性、请求或允许:Man cannot live without air or water.(2)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信:How can you be so careless!He couldn’t be over sixty.(3)表示对过去否定或疑问的猜测:Jack cannot (couldn’t) have been to China, has he?Can (Could) he have heard the news?(4)表示虚拟语气,用于肯定句,could have done,“过去能够干某事而没干”。

I could have lent him money, but he didn’t ask me.Given more time, I could have done it even better.(5)表示“有时会”:Training alone can be dangerous.2. may, might(1)表示推测“可能”:That may or may not be true.(2)对过去可能性的推测,may (might可能性更小)have done:She may not have seen the film.She might have had an accident.(3)表示虚拟语气“有可能干而没干”:She might have given you more help, but she didn’t.(4)表示祝愿:May you succeed in passing the exam!3.must,have to(1)“必须”,“必要”:Soldiers must obey orders.You mustn’t talk like that.(2)肯定的猜测(不能用于否定或疑问):“一定”:He must be seventy now.He must be doing his homework upstairs.I think you must have made a mistake, didn’t you?He must have been doing his homework then.(3)(表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦)偏要Just as I was hurrying to class, Mary must come, telling a long story.4. need(1)“需要”,主要用于否定、疑问句。

You needn’t do it at once.(2)needn’t have done,“过去不需要干而干了”:You had enough time left. You needn’t have hurried.(3)特殊句型,“需要干某事”:The tree needs (wants, requires) watering (to be watered).5.dare,dared(1)主要用于疑问、否定和条件句中:How dared they do such a thing?(2)可作实意动词:dare (to) do:He didn’t dare (to) go there.6. shall, should(1)shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,征求对方意见:Shall I turn on the radio?(2)shall用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。

You shall fail if you don’t take his advice.Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.(3)should/ought to,“应该”:You should work hard at your lessons.(4)should(ought to) have done,“过去本来应该干某事而没干”;should not have done“过去本来不应该干某事而干了”,表示委婉的批评:You should have come earlier.You shouldn’t have told her about it.You ought to have told me about that yesterday.7. will, would(1)用于疑问句,表示请求、邀请:Will/Would you pass me the book?(2)“愿意”:If you will wait a little while, I’ll call the m anager. (3)“总是”:He will often sit up all night.He would drop in on me on Sundays.(4)用于否定句,表拒绝,尤指物:We pushed the bus, but it wouldn’t move a bit.ed to “过去曾经……”,暗示现在不再如此:You used to smoke, usedn’t you (didn’t you)?虚拟语气近几年,虚拟语气考查的重点是与情态动词连用的虚拟语气。

如:should have done, could have done, might have done等。

虚拟条件句等也时有涉及。

1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用:(1)与现在事实相反:条件句谓语用:If...did/were...;主句谓语用:would (should,could, might) do...。

例如:If I had enough money, I would buy the car. (But I haven’tenough money.)If it were not so late, we could have coffee.(2)与过去事实相反:条件句谓语用:If...had done...;主句谓语用:would (should)have done...。

例如:If they had invited me, I would have gone to the party. (Butthey didn’t invite me.)They didn’t invite me, otherwise, I would have gone to the party.(3)与将来事实相反:条件句谓语用:If...did (were)/were to do/should do...;主句谓语用:would (should) do...。

例如:I’m sure to succeed this time. If I failed (were to fail/should fail),I would try again.(4)过去现在混合:条件句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。

例如:If you had taken the doctor’s advice, y ou wouldn’t be in hospitalnow (you would be well now).(5)如果if省略,从句要倒装(主要是were/should/had)例如:Had they time, they would help us.Had you come earlier, you would have met the scientist.(6)用介词短语代替条件句:We would not have succeeded without your help (but foryour help).But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气:(1)wish“希望;但愿”。

wish后的宾语从句,如果跟虚拟语气,有三种时态。

即:与现在事实相反,谓语用一般过去时态。

例如:I wish I had your brain.与过去事实相反,谓语用过过去完成时态。

例如:How I wished I had studied then!与将来事实相反,或不大可能实现的愿望,谓语用would/could do。

例如:How I wish that I would go to the moon some day.(2)command,demand,insist,order,request,require,suggest等后面的宾语从句,谓语用(should) do。

总体掌握:“要求干,应该干,但还没干”,就是说动作还没有发生。

因此insist“坚持事实”、suggest“暗示”都不用虚拟语气。

Mother insists I get rid of the bad habit.He insisted that he was a Party member and be sent to the front.注意:与此项有关的表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句等的谓语同样用(should) do。

例如:My suggestion is that he do the exercises first.这样的名词有:advice, idea, demand, order, plan, request, suggestion等。

3.主语从句中的虚拟语气:谓语同样用(should) do。

例如:It is necessary (important) that a student (should) have good manners.It was a pity that you (should) be so careless.It will be suggested that he (should) finish his homework today. 4.部分情态动词:You could have lived with Tom.You should have come five minutes earlier.Where is Mary? She might have had an accident.It was so near to the railway station. We could have walked to it.A taxi wasn’t necessary.5.其他句型:(1)It is (high) time that we went home (should go home).(谓语用一般过去时态或should do)(2)I would rather you came tomorrow.(谓语用一般过去时态)(3)He talks as if he knew everything.高考新剖析1. But for their help, we__________ the program in time.[2020;2020年高考安徽卷]A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finished2. It__________ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.[2020;2020年高考上海卷]A. mayB. canC. mustD. should3. —Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?—She__________ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. [2020;2020年高考重庆卷]A. shall beB. should have beenC. must beD. might have been4. Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they__________ just be quiet people.[2020;2020年高考安徽卷]A. mustB. mayC. shouldD. wouldDCBC5. One of the few things you__________ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. [2020;2020年高考北京卷]A. needB. mustC. shouldD. can6. According to the air traffic rules, you __________ switch off your mobile phone before boarding.[2020;2020年高考上海卷]A. mayB. canC. wouldD. should7. —How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?—It__________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. willB. wouldC. shouldD. must8. The teacher__________ have thought Johnson was worth it orsh e wouldn’t have wasted time on him, I suppose.A. shouldB. canC. wouldD. must9. —She looks very happy. She__________ have passed the exam. —I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. mightDDCDC10. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he__________ better.[2020;2020年高考江西卷]A. need have doneB. must have doneC. can have doneD. might have done精题新探究1. Helen __________go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.A. shallB. mustC. mayD. can2. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They__________ at least 150 km an hour.A. should have been doingB. must have been doingC. could have doneD. would have done3. — Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.—Well. He __________have gone far—his coat’s still here.A. shouldn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. wouldn’tDCBC4. Mr. Smith is always on time for everything. How__________ it be that he was late for the flight?A. canB. needC. mayD. must5. —Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.—Thanks. You__________ it .I could manage it myself.A. needn’t doB. needn’t have doneC. mustn’t doD. shouldn’t have done6. It is her that you __________such a matter.A. should consult onB. might consult onC. should consultD. must consult for7. — The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animalsfor 13 years before she returned.—Oh, dear! She__________ a lot of difficulties!A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone throughABAD8. The young man insisted that he __________ nothing wrong and __________free.A. did; setB. had done; should be setC. should do; be setD. had done; should set9. If it _________tomorrow ,what would we do?A. rainsB. would rainC. were to rainD. rain10. —I feel I am so tired tonight.—Well, it is time that you__________.A. go to bedB. would go to bedC. went to bedD. are going to bed11. —Did your mother go to London?—No, her doctor suggested that she__________.A. is not goingB. not goC. hadn’t goneD. wouldn’t goBCCB12. I would rather Mary __________home next Sunday.A. goesB. wentC. will goD. is going13. It is necessary that the lazy boy __________the class meeting.A. will attendB. attendsC. attendD. attended14. If I had seen the movie, I __________you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. would have told15. The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the Sun __________round the Earth.A. were circlingB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circlingBCAA。

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