2019上海市生命科学等级考宝山区一模卷

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2019年上海市宝山区高三一模语文考试试卷（附答案、答题纸）

2019年上海市宝山区高三年级教学质量监测试卷语文学科考生注意：1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2.答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写校名、姓名、准考证号。

3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

4.考试时间150分钟。

试卷满分150分。

积累应用10分1按要求填空（5分）（1），不破楼兰终不还。

（王昌龄《从军行》）（1分）（2）位卑则足羞，。

（《师说》）（2分）（3）柳永《八声甘州》中“，”两句描写花叶凋零，感叹自然美景随着时光流逝而消歇。

（2分）2按要求选择（5分）（1）下列选项中，名句使用最恰当的一项是（）。

（2分）A.小李与小黄常常共同学习，相互探讨，可谓是“如切如磋，如琢如磨”。

B.小李同伴都很贪玩，而他勤奋读书，老师赞他“蓬生麻中，不扶而直”。

C.小黄因考试失利而懊丧不已，朋友们安慰他说“靡不有初，鲜克有终”。

D.小黄自己家境贫寒，却还想资助小李，小李说“己所不欲，勿施于人”。

（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）（3分）一点既适用于音乐、医学、雕塑，也适用于爱情。

①只有通过长期的实践活动，一直到理论知识和实践经验融会贯通起来变成灵感——也就是掌握了艺术的灵魂，才能成为一名大师。

②学医的人首先要认识人体的结构和各种疾病的症兆。

③但光有理论还无法行医。

④要成为大师，除了学习理论和实践外还有第三个必不可少的因素，即要把成为大师看得高于一切，这一目标必须占据他整个身心。

A.③②④①B.②③④①C.③②①④D.②③①④二阅读70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3--7题。

（16分）“标准化”生活是否就完美①新型智能科技的推广和普及，使得现实生活与社交网络史无前例地紧密结合在一起。

任何原本日常生活中最平凡的小事都成为值得与朋友们分享或供他们评头论足的新鲜事。

2019高二宝山区生命科学一模试卷_Password_Removed

宝山区 2018 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷考生注意：生123...试试答需卷卷题将满包前答分含，案务两1全0必部0部用分分写钢，，在笔考第答、试一題圆时部纸珠间分上笔为6，0或选不分签择要钟字题超。

笔，过在第答答二题题部框纸分，上为否填综则写合不姓题得名。

分、。

班级、学校和准考证号。

考共一、选择题( 40 分，每小题 2 分。

每小题只有一个正确答案)1．下列能正确表示脱氧核苷酸结构的是碱基PP碱基碱基 PP 碱基A.B.C.D.2．在A．电细子胞显核微镜下，颤藻和B．水内绵质细网胞中都能被观C察．到叶的绿结体构是 D．核糖体3．D图CBA．．．．1基基DD表NN因因示AA、、、、染D蛋基蛋色N白因白体A质、、质中、蛋蛋、蛋D白白基白N质质因质A 、DNA、基因的关系。

甲、乙、丙依次是染色体甲乙图1丙4．A艾C．．滋主病病要毒病寄内毒生可属在进于人行R体NRANTA病淋自毒巴我，细复有胞制关艾滋病病毒的DB．．说主可法要用正由来确抑的DN制是A绿、脓R杆NA菌和治蛋愈白烧质伤组病成人种5．免A人疫．体方非口式特腔属异中于性生免活疫着一定数B．量人的工链免球疫菌，其分泌C的．过二氧次化免氢疫对一些病原D菌．有特抑异制性作免用疫，这浓6．度将与盛时有间一的定关浓系度，蔗正糖确溶的液是的透析袋口所紧后浸于蒸馏水中，下图表示透析袋中蔗糖溶液蔗糖溶液浓度时A 间蔗糖溶液浓度时B 间蔗糖溶液浓度C时间蔗糖溶液浓度时D 间7．A香.蕉出是芽人生们殖喜爱的水果之B．一营，养果繁农殖通过地下球C茎．中分的裂不生定殖芽培育成苗D，．这有种性生生殖殖方式是浓8．度图ABCD下．．．．2，抑促促促显根制进进进示和作作作作月茎用用用用季作加减加相的出强弱强同根的，，，，和反促促促促茎应进进进进对分作作作作不别用用用用同是减加加相浓弱强强同度生长素的反应。

促进制抑0相对1生0-于1A长0 1素AB0-的8点图根1浓0而-26C度1言0(-4m，o1lB0/茎-2DL点) 对应的生长素2018 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷第 1 页共 10页述9．正图确3的表是示人体内主要能源物质氧化分解M+的少部量分能途量径，其中的大写字母代表物质。

【19一模】2019年上海市宝山区高三一模英语试卷

2019上海宝山高三英语一模试卷（word版）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen lives with her family in Copenhagen, Denmark. There are soldiers on the streets, and the country (21) ______ (accept)by the Nazis. There isn't enough to eat, and the world is at war. Then the Nazis decide to "relocate" the country's Jewish population. The Danes don't know (22) ______ their friends and neighbors are being taken away. They don't know where they are going, either. But they do know that it is wrong and dangerous and that they must help.Number the Stars is a very powerful novel. During World War II, the Nazis (23)______ (kill) millions of people in Europe. Many of those people were Jewish. But in Denmark, almost all of the Jewish population was saved. Number the Starsis a work of fiction, but it tells the true story of the Jewish(24) ______ (rescue)during the war. The moving plot is driven by justice, danger and excitement. But the book also deals with significant ideas that are much (25) ______ (big)than the story itself.Anemarie must learn that evil doesn't just appear in fairy tales. It's a real thing that affects real people. She must also struggle with questions of loyalty and sacrifice. Who would she die to protect? And is she brave enough(26)______ (make) that sacrifice? Most importantly, Annemarie learns that(27) ______(be) brave doesn't mean being fearless. It means doing the right thing despite the fact (28) ______ you are afraid, That's heavy stuff for a children's novel.I have taught Number the Stars to many classes at many different levels. It has always been a popular choice. It uses simple language and sentences. It is easy to read and provides clear examples of literary techniques likeforeshadowing(预示). But it is also interesting,and the characters are (29)______ (engage). The plot is full of tension.Lois Lowry. The author, has written award-winning novels for young people. Number the Stars is a remarkable example of the talent (30) ______ has made her so celebrated.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. commonB. votingC. effortsD. electedE. endF. protestingG. sayH. exercisedI. arguedJ. equalK. rightsIn most democracies today, people expect women to vote. Women are just as able to make decisions about their ___31___ leaders as men. But 200 years ago, most people didn't think so.As late as the middle of the 19 century only men voted in most Western countries. A few countries or states let women vote in local elections. But women voting was far from ____32____. At that time, people believed that women belonged in the home. That meant they should not get involved with public life.But women in Europe, North America and New Zealand began ___33___ this situation. They believed that they should have a(n) ____34___ in their government's leaders. In 1792 an English novelist named Mary Wollstonecraft ___35____that women should be able to vote, In the United States, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were important figures. They met while campaigning to put a(n) ___36___ to slavery. In the process, they decided that women also should have more ___37___.Yet despite the ___38___ of these women neither Great Britain nor the United States was the first country to let women vote. That honor goes to NewZealand, which changed their law on September 19, 1893. This was because of women like Kate Shepherd. She led a group that presentedpetitions(请愿书) to their parliament three years in a row. Shepherd is nowhonored on New Zealand's s10 bill.New Zealand was followed by Australia in 1902 and Finland in 19 zero six. By this time, some U.S. states and territories allowed women to vote. But the country as a whole didn't give women the right until after World War I.In many countries, the right to hold political office came along with the right to vote. And women have ___39___ that right. In many countries, women have even held their country's highest office. All of that is due to the efforts of women who fought for a(n) ___40___ voiceIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The search for new, clean energy sources have occupied the attention of scientists and politicians for years. One common ___41___ for green energy is the wind. A new twist on this old resource could cause energy output of wind-power plants to increase greatly.Standard wind power plants rely on strong support and ___42___ can only reach the height of 200 meters or so. Higher than that, winds tend to be stronger and steadier, but the challenge is ___43___ how to obtain the energy from those winds.Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences in Germany have formed a kite-power research group. The group is working to develop kites with inflatable (可充气的) wings ___44___ to electrical generator (发电机) on the ground.The research group's goal is to design a kite that can operate on its own for 24 hours. Research has begun, but many challenges remain, including making the generator more ___45___ and perfecting the automatic flight control and structure of the kites. Nevertheless, in June 2012, they demonstrated that their kites could operate ___46___ at an altitude of up to 700 meters.Meanwhile, in Italy, researchers are working on a(n) ___47___ power generator that relies on kites when the generator called KiteGen, senses wind blowing, kites are ___48___ from the end of poles with high-resistance cables to control their height and angle. These cables are able to move the kites if the system senses coming object ___49___ planes, helicopters or even individual birds. The kites themselves are light, tough and able to reach fairly high altitude. The loop (绕行) around in the wind, which sets thecenter of the generator in emotion ___50___ electric current.KiteGen has the ___51___ to be very cost-effective in the long run. After the original cost of designing and setting up the plant, little ___52___ investment will be necessary, apart from standard maintenance. The plant also requires ___53___ little space, which makes it ideal for cities and means that multiple plants can be set up to provide even more ___54___.Kite power has the potential to greatly ___55___ on current wind power strategies. In the future, it may be an efficient cost efficient supplement to the other sources of energy use or even a replacement for some of them41. A resolution B. proposal C. resource D. substitute42. A. generally B. frequently C. continually D. regularly43. A. carrying out B. figuring out C. breaking out D. picking out44. A. chosen B. applied C. collected D. connected45. A. efficient B. complete C. powerful D. positive46. A. actively B. passively C. automatically D. artificially47. A. strange B. similar C. different D. original48. A. fastened B. revealed C. tailored D. released49. A. except for B. instead of C. such as D. due to50. A. producing B. inventing C. promoting D. developing51. A. qualification B. potential C. trend D. intention52. A. normal B. formal C. additional D. alternate53. A. concretely B.abstractly C thoroughly D. relatively54. A. energy B. strength C. technology D. opportunity55. A. focus B. extend C. improve D. transfer Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Many people experience problems with their spine(脊椎) as they age. The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down. As a consequence, the bones, in the spine begin to rub against each other. This further harms that issue as well as the bones. The result is pain in the joints and, sometimes, in nerves near the spineThis painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis. Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors. Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints. Fortunately, there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.The most important step is exercise. Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment(排列), Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine. However, people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine. Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.Another important factor is diet. It affects the health of spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. These include B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, all of which helps keep nerves healthy. People can get more B vitamin and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores. Another important factor is vitamin D. which is essential for strong bones. All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from food. Thus people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets56 What does this article mainly explain?A. Various aspects of a medical condition.B. The actions of viruses that cause illnesses.C. Drugs often used to solve the physical issue.D. The location of organs in the human body.57. How does the writer begin this article?A. By predicting improvement.B. By analyzing a series of data.C. By introducing minor injuries.D. By describing a gradual process58. What can readers find in this article?A. A warning about working out too hard.B. A method for improving sleep quality.C. A slogan used to promote health classes.D. A big criticism often aimed at doctors.59. What does the article imply about supplement?A. They are mainly for youngsters.B. They are commercial products.C. They are now being researched.D. They are seldom truly effective(B)In late March of 2018.a tear in the earth about 15 meters wide and 20 meters deep suddenly appeared in Kenya, it cut across roads and even split houses in two. This crack appeared out of nowhere after heavy rains and an increase in seismic activity. Some scientists believe that it is further proof that Africa is slowly splitting apart.Once a very long time ago, Africa and south America were one landmass before they separated. Similarly, one day in the very distant future, a large part of East Africa will split off from the rest of the continent. This will create a new landmarks and a new ocean. The breakup is the result of plate tectonics, the gradual motion of different parts of the Earth's crust.When plates of the Earth separate and tear away from each other. It is called rifting. The result is rift valley. Scientists don't understand the exact mechanism behind rifting. But the result is very easy to observe in theEast African Rift System(EARS), That's why studying this part of the world is so important.The East African Rift system begins in the north in Ethiopia, where three plates are moving away from each other. Two of them are continental plates, the African and Arabian plates. They are tectonic plates that have a large landmass above water. The third is the Somali plate, considered a minor plate, which is steadily moving away from the other two. But don't plan on visiting the new ocean anytime soon. The plates are moving at a rate of about 6 millimeters a year. At the speed millions of years will pass before a new ocean is formed.EARS is not all bad news for Kenya. A rift valley is composed of an area where there is increased volcanic activity and thinned planetary crust. This makes it easier to take advantage of the power of steam. For Kenya, this might be an answer to the country's electrical problems. The drought conditions that frequently occur there make it difficult to produce energy.But the geothermal(地热的) power plants going online in 2019 will allowthem to produce clean energy with very little water.60 What can be concluded from the passage?A. A war will certainty breakout in Africa.B. A disaster will suddenly strike Africa.C. A geological structure will change in Africa.D. A new country will come into being in Africa61 Which of the following plates might be surrounded by water according to the passage?A. East Africa.B. Somali plate.C. Arabian plate.D. Africa plate.62. What problem may be solved in Kenya thanks to the cracking?A. Poverty.B. Economy.C.Drought.D. Energy.(C)Are you worried about money? If so, I have some good news for you. Someone once said, “If all your problems can be solved with money, then you don't have any.” I get the point. Unless you are on the edge of losing everything and living in your car (which is a very sad thing that happens to people every day), your perceptions of your problems may not be serving you well.Let's take a look. Can you pay your living expenses and support your family? If so you are OK. Even if you are a family that just barely breaks even every month, you have to count that as a blessing, Most of us also have those terrible, surprising unexpected bills. But unless you you’re your job or your mind, don't you always find a way to take care of those expenses?PERTINENT(切中要害的) QUESTIONSTo see if you worry too much about finances, ask yourself a couple of questions Do you wake up worried about money? Do you check your bank balance and look at upcoming bills more than once every few days or even multiple times a day? If so, then you may have a little financial insecurity going on. Let's look at getting it under control. If it's making you crazy, it can make your family a little crazy too. This type of anxiousness is passedon to others, which is important to remember whenever you have the urge to share your fears.TOO MUCH INFORMATIONTMI (too much information) happens because it seems that by releasing Pent-up(压抑的)feelings of anxiety you will feel better and hopefully more supported and that this can happen but not with your loved ones because they will take all your fair and magnify it. Talk instead with your financial advisor, your bank manager or your therapist. Laying your financial fears at the feet of your family is not good for them or for you. Yes, be honest about any problems, but if you get emotional, so will those closest to you POSITIVE ACTIONIt's hard to be this passionate about money, but honestly, it's really the best way to get this issue solved. You have to look at it from a practical standpoint. Go over your debts, look closely at your assets and determine the best thing for you to do with your time right now.Maybe you need to use this time to get your books and other only your computer or use it to job hunt or to promote your business. Then again you may need to hire an accountant and go on some interviews. The point is simple: the only way to relieve yourself of the uncomfortable feeling of financial pressure is to take some kind of positive action.63. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Financial problems are not vital ones in everyone's daily life.B. You'd better calm down when you have financial problems.C. You needn't worry about unexpected bills even if you're out of work.D. When you have financial fears, remember to share feelings with others.64. The passage implies that ______.A. the best way to deal with money problem K to take positive actionB. as long as we share feelings with others, money fear will disappearC. we should have an optimistic attitude toward financial fearsD. any problem we meet can be solved with the help of money65. The phrase lay your financial fears at the feet of your family in the sixth paragraph probably means ______.A. to solve financial fears caused by your familyB. to help your family smartly avoid financial fearsC to make your family responsible for financial fearsD. to encourage your family to face financial fears bravely66. The best title of the passage is ______.A. Perceptions of money and valueGuilt is one of the most painful emotions that human experience but also one of the most common. Nobody enjoys feeling guilty, but this emotion serves an important purpose: It alerts a person when he or she has done something wrong. This enables the person to make amends and work to heal relationships that were damaged by their actions ____67____Nevertheless, guilt can be destructive if it is not dealt with in the right way, It can cause people to avoid others because they are too embarrassed to apologize for their actions or inactions. Some try to avoid at the pain of duty by turning to other worse habits. ____68____The proper response to guilt depends on what kind of guilt you're dealing with. For false guilty, it's important to recognize that the guilt does not reflect an actual ethical failure.For example, some false guilt focuses on failing to meet expectations you had for yourself. ___69___ No one is perfect, and no one can do everything, so admitting your limits is actually a sign of humility.It is also important to acknowledge what you're feeling. Even when you don't need to feel guilty, these feelings are real and normal, Try to balance them with positive thoughts, but realize that it often takes time for feelings to change.___70___ If so, don't try to conceal it. Apologize and ask for forgiveness. Learn from your mistakes, and try to avoid committing the same acts again. Getting on well with the person you hurt should make you guilty feeling fade.Guilt is painful, but it can serve a good purpose if you use it wellIV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Have you ever been involved in animal rescue? This is what happened to the Winter the dolphin. Winter was found off the coast of Florida in December of 2005. She was just a few months old, alone, and caught in a crab trap. The ropes from the trap were wrapped tightly around her body.The fisherman who found her called for help, and the rescue team soon arrived. The ropes had cut off the blood circulation to her tail. She was badly hurt. Her rescuers didn't think she would survive. Hoping for a miracle and racing against time to save her, the rescuers transferred her to the ClearwaterMarine Aquarium in Florida.The doctors managed to save Winter, but sadly, not her tail. He tail flukes were too damaged and had to be removed so Winter could live.The little dolphin Winter survived against all odds, but she would never be able to swim normally without a tail. Thankfully the story doesn't end here. Winter was able to swim, but not very well. Because she didn't have a tail. She moved her body in a side-to-side motion like a shark. But doctors at the aquarium were worried that unconventional moment would hurt her spine.Kevin Carroll heard Winter's story and for thought, he would could help. Heis a specialist who designs and provides prostheses for people. If he could help people, why not help a dolphin? He started working with Winter and came up with a solution for the new fluke and tail sectionKevin designed a stretchy sleeve to fit winter's body and protect her skin. Then a tail made of silicone and plastic was made to tightly fit over the sleeve. Now winter can swim like other dolphins. And she is a great inspiration to people who struggle with their own injuries.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 交友时不要以貌取人。

2019届上海市宝山区高三一模英语试卷

2019届高三一模宝山区I.Listening ComprehensionII.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen lives with her family in Copenhagen,Denmark. There are soldiers on the streets,and the country(21)______(accept)by the Nazis.There isn't enough to eat,and the world is at war.Then the Nazis decide to"relocate"the country's Jewish population.The Danes don't know(22)______their friends and neighbors are being taken away.They don't know where they are going,either.But they do know that it is wrong and dangerous and that they must help.Number the Stars is a very powerful novel.During World War II,the Nazis(23)______ (kill)millions of people in Europe.Many of those people were Jewish.But in Denmark, almost all of the Jewish population was saved.Number the Starsis a work of fiction,but it tells the true story of the Jewish(24)______(rescue)during the war.The moving plot is driven by justice,danger and excitement.But the book also deals with significant ideas that are much(25)______(big)than the story itself.Anemarie must learn that evil doesn't just appear in fairy tales.It's a real thing that affects real people.She must also struggle with questions of loyalty and sacrifice.Who would she die to protect?And is she brave enough(26)______(make)that sacrifice?Most importantly,Annemarie learns that(27)______(be)brave doesn't mean being fearless.It means doing the right thing despite the fact(28)______you are afraid,That's heavy stuff for a children's novel.I have taught Number the Stars to many classes at many different levels.It has always been a popular choice.It uses simple language and sentences.It is easy to read and provides clear examples of literary techniques like foreshadowing(预示).But it is also interesting,and the characters are(29)______(engage).The plot is full of tension.Lois Lowry.The author,has written award-winning novels for young people.Number the Stars is a remarkable example of the talent(30)______has made her so celebrated.Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.monB.votingC.effortsD.electedE.endF.protestingG.sayH.exercisedI.arguedJ.equalK.rightsIn most democracies today,people expect women to vote.Women are just as able to make decisions about their___31___leaders as men.But200years ago,most people didn't think so.As late as the middle of the19century only men voted in most Western countries.A few countries or states let women vote in local elections.But women voting was far from ____32____.At that time,people believed that women belonged in the home.That meant they should not get involved with public life.But women in Europe,North America and New Zealand began___33___this situation. They believed that they should have a(n)____34___in their government's leaders.In1792 an English novelist named Mary Wollstonecraft___35____that women should be able to vote,In the United States,Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were important figures. They met while campaigning to put a(n)___36___to slavery.In the process,they decided that women also should have more___37___.Yet despite the___38___of these women neither Great Britain nor the United States was the first country to let women vote.That honor goes to NewZealand,which changed their law on September19,1893.This was because of women like Kate Shepherd.She led a group that presented petitions(请愿书)to their parliament three years in a row.Shepherd is now honored on New Zealand's s10bill.New Zealand was followed by Australia in1902and Finland in19zero six.By this time, some U.S.states and territories allowed women to vote.But the country as a whole didn't give women the right until after World War I.In many countries,the right to hold political office came along with the right to vote.And women have___39___that right.In many countries,women have even held their country's highest office.All of that is due to the efforts of women who fought for a(n)___40___voice III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The search for new,clean energy sources have occupied the attention of scientists and politicians for years.One common___41___for green energy is the wind.A new twist on this old resource could cause energy output of wind-power plants to increase greatly.Standard wind power plants rely on strong support and___42___can only reach the height of200meters or so.Higher than that,winds tend to be stronger and steadier,but the challenge is___43___how to obtain the energy from those winds.Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences in Germany have formed a kite-power research group.The group is working todevelop kites with inflatable(可充气的)wings___44___to electrical generator(发电机)on the ground.The research group's goal is to design a kite that can operate on its own for24hours. Research has begun,but many challenges remain,including making the generator more ___45___and perfecting the automatic flight control and structure of the kites.Nevertheless, in June2012,they demonstrated that their kites could operate___46___at an altitude of up to700meters.Meanwhile,in Italy,researchers are working on a(n)___47___power generator that relies on kites when the generator called KiteGen,senses wind blowing,kites are___48___from the end of poles with high-resistance cables to control their height and angle.These cables are able to move the kites if the system senses coming object___49___planes,helicopters or even individual birds.The kites themselves are light,tough and able to reach fairly high altitude.The loop(绕行)around in the wind,which sets the center of the generator in emotion___50___electric current.KiteGen has the___51___to be very cost-effective in the long run.After the original cost of designing and setting up the plant,little___52___investment will be necessary,apart from standard maintenance.The plant also requires___53___little space,which makes it ideal for cities and means that multiple plants can be set up to provide even more___54___.Kite power has the potential to greatly___55___on current wind power strategies.In the future,it may be an efficient cost efficient supplement to the other sources of energy use or even a replacement for some of them41.A resolution B.proposal C.resource D.substitute42.A.generally B.frequently C.continually D.regularly43.A.carrying out B.figuring out C.breaking out D.picking out44.A.chosen B.applied C.collected D.connected45.A.efficient plete C.powerful D.positive46.A.actively B.passively C.automatically D.artificially47.A.strange B.similar C.different D.original48A fastened B.revealed C.tailored D.released49.A.except for B.instead of C.such as D.due to50.A.producing B.inventing C.promoting D.developing51.A.qualification B.potential C.trend D.intention52.A.normal B.formal C.additional D.alternate53.A.concretely B.abstractly C thoroughly D.relatively54.A.energy B.strength C.technology D.opportunity55.A.focus B.extend C.improve D.transfer Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Many people experience problems with their spine(脊椎)as they age.The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down.As a consequence,the bones,in the spine begin to rub against each other.This further harms that issue as well as the bones.The result is pain in the joints and,sometimes,in nerves near the spineThis painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis.Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors.Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints.Fortunately,there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.The most important step is exercise.Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment(排列),Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine.However,people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine.Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.Another important factor is diet.It affects the health of spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves.These include B vitamins and omega-3fatty acids,all of which helps keep nerves healthy.People can get more B vitamin and omega3fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores.Another important factor is vitamin D.which is essential for strong bones.All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from food.Thus people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets56What does this article mainly explain?A.Various aspects of a medical condition.B.The actions of viruses that cause illnesses.C.Drugs often used to solve the physical issue.D.The location of organs in the human body.57.How does the writer begin this article?A.By predicting improvement.B.By analyzing a series of data.C.By introducing minor injuries.D.By describing a gradual process58.What can readers find in this article?A.A warning about working out too hard.B.A method for improving sleep quality.C.A slogan used to promote health classes.D.A big criticism often aimed at doctors.59.What does the article imply about supplement?A.They are mainly for youngsters.B.They are commercial products.C.They are now being researched.D.They are seldom truly effectiveIn late March of2018.a tear in the earth about15meters wide and20meters deep suddenly appeared in Kenya,it cut across roads and even split houses in two.This crack appeared out of nowhere after heavy rains and an increase in seismic activity.Some scientists believe that it is further proof that Africa is slowly splitting apart.Once a very long time ago,Africa and south America were one landmass before they separated.Similarly,one day in the very distant future,a large part of East Africa will split off from the rest of the continent.This will create a new landmarks and a new ocean.The breakup is the result of plate tectonics,the gradual motion of different parts of the Earth's crust.When plates of the Earth separate and tear away from each other.It is called rifting.The result is rift valley.Scientists don't understand the exact mechanism behind rifting.But the result is very easy to observe in theEast African Rift System(EARS),That's why studying this part of the world is so important.The East African Rift system begins in the north in Ethiopia,where three plates are moving away from each other.Two of them are continental plates,the African and Arabian plates.They are tectonic plates that have a large landmass above water.The third is the Somali plate,considered a minor plate,which is steadily moving away from the other two. But don't plan on visiting the new ocean anytime soon.The plates are moving at a rate of about6millimeters a year.At the speed millions of years will pass before a new ocean is formed.EARS is not all bad news for Kenya.A rift valley is composed of an area where there is increased volcanic activity and thinned planetary crust.This makes it easier to take advantage of the power of steam.For Kenya,this might be an answer to the country's electrical problems.The drought conditions that frequently occur there make it difficult to produce energy.But the geothermal(地热的)power plants going online in2019will allow them to produce clean energy with very little water.60What can be concluded from the passage?A.A war will certainty breakout in Africa.B.A disaster will suddenly strike Africa.C.A geological structure will change in Africa.D.A new country will come into being in Africa61Which of the following plates might be surrounded by water according to the passageA.East Africa.B.Somali plate.C.Arabian plate.D.Africa plate.62.What problem may be solved in Kenya thanks to the cracking?A.Poverty.B.Economy.C.Drought.D.Energy.Are you worried about money?If so,I have some good news for you.Someone once said,“If all your problems can be solved with money,then you don't have any.”I get the point.Unless you are on the edge of losing everything and living in your car(which is a very sad thing that happens to people every day),your perceptions of your problems may not be serving you well.Let's take a look.Can you pay your living expenses and support your family?If so you are OK.Even if you are a family that just barely breaks even every month,you have to count that as a blessing,Most of us also have those terrible,surprising unexpected bills.But unless you you’re your job or your mind,don't you always find a way to take care of those expenses?PERTINENT(切中要害的)QUESTIONSTo see if you worry too much about finances,ask yourself a couple of questions Do you wake up worried about money?Do you check your bank balance and look at upcoming bills more than once every few days or even multiple times a day?If so,then you may have a little financial insecurity going on.Let's look at getting it under control.If it's making you crazy,it can make your family a little crazy too.This type of anxiousness is passed on to others, which is important to remember whenever you have the urge to share your fears.TOO MUCH INFORMATIONTMI(too much information)happens because it seems that by releasing Pent-up(压抑的)feelings of anxiety you will feel better and hopefully more supported and that this can happen but not with your loved ones because they will take all your fair and magnify it.Talk instead with your financial advisor,your bank manager or your ying your financial fears at the feet of your family is not good for them or for you.Yes,be honest about any problems,but if you get emotional,so will those closest to youPOSITIVE ACTIONIt's hard to be this passionate about money,but honestly,it's really the best way to get this issue solved.You have to look at it from a practical standpoint.Go over your debts,look closely at your assets and determine the best thing for you to do with your time right now.Maybe you need to use this time to get your books and other only your computer or use it to job hunt or to promote your business.Then again you may need to hire an accountant and go on some interviews.The point is simple:the only way to relieve yourself of the uncomfortable feeling of financial pressure is to take some kind of positive action.63.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Financial problems are not vital ones in everyone's daily life.B.You'd better calm down when you have financial problems.C.You needn't worry about unexpected bills even if you're out of work.D.When you have financial fears,remember to share feelings with others.64.The passage implies that______.A.the best way to deal with money problem K to take positive actionB.as long as we share feelings with others,money fear will disappearC.we should have an optimistic attitude toward financial fearsD.any problem we meet can be solved with the help of money65.The phrase lay your financial fears at the feet of your family in the sixth paragraphprobably means______.A.to solve financial fears caused by your familyB.to help your family smartly avoid financial fearsC to make your family responsible for financial fearsD.to encourage your family to face financial fears bravely66.The best title of the passage is______.A.Perceptions of money and valueB.Passion,money and familyC.Keeping balance of psychologyD.Dealing with money worriesSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Other people experience false guilt because of high expectations for themselves.B.It's possible that you feel guilty because you actually did something wrong.C.Others try to cover up their guilt by blaming others or becoming angry.D.It can also motivate people to avoid making similar mistakes later.E.In this case,it's important to remind yourself that you have limits.F.Moreover,guilt can result in physical and mental discomforts meanwhileGuilt is one of the most painful emotions that human experience but also one of the most common.Nobody enjoys feeling guilty,but this emotion serves an important purpose:It alerts a person when he or she has done something wrong.This enables the person to make amends and work to heal relationships that were damaged by their actions____67____ Nevertheless,guilt can be destructive if it is not dealt with in the right way,It can cause people to avoid others because they are too embarrassed to apologize for their actions or inactions.Some try to avoid at the pain of duty by turning to other worse habits.____68____ The proper response to guilt depends on what kind of guilt you're dealing with.For false guilty,it's important to recognize that the guilt does not reflect an actual ethical failure.For example,some false guilt focuses on failing to meet expectations you had for yourself. ___69___No one is perfect,and no one can do everything,so admitting your limits is actually a sign of humility.It is also important to acknowledge what you're feeling.Even when you don't need to feel guilty,these feelings are real and normal,Try to balance them with positive thoughts,but realize that it often takes time for feelings to change.___70___If so,don't try to conceal it.Apologize and ask for forgiveness.Learn from your mistakes,and try to avoid committing the same acts again.Getting on well with the person you hurt should make you guilty feeling fade.Guilt is painful,but it can serve a good purpose if you use it wellIV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Have you ever been involved in animal rescue?This is what happened to the Winter the dolphin.Winter was found off the coast of Florida in December of2005.She was just a few months old,alone,and caught in a crab trap.The ropes from the trap were wrapped tightly around her body.The fisherman who found her called for help,and the rescue team soon arrived.The ropes had cut off the blood circulation to her tail.She was badly hurt.Her rescuers didn't think she would survive.Hoping for a miracle and racing against time to save her,the rescuers transferred her to the ClearwaterMarine Aquarium in Florida.The doctors managed to save Winter,but sadly,not her tail.He tail flukes were too damaged and had to be removed so Winter could live.The little dolphin Winter survived against all odds,but she would never be able to swim normally without a tail.Thankfully the story doesn't end here.Winter was able to swim,but not very well.Because she didn't have a tail.She moved her body in a side-to-side motion like a shark.But doctors at the aquarium were worried that unconventional moment would hurt her spine.Kevin Carroll heard Winter's story and for thought,he would could help.Heis a specialist who designs and provides prostheses for people.If he could help people,why not help a dolphin?He started working with Winter and came up with a solution for the new fluke and tail sectionKevin designed a stretchy sleeve to fit winter's body and protect her skin.Then a tail made of silicone and plastic was made to tightly fit over the sleeve.Now winter can swim like other dolphins.And she is a great inspiration to people who struggle with their own injuries.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.交友时不要以貌取人。

上海市宝山区2019-2020学年中考第一次模拟生物试题含解析

上海市宝山区2019-2020学年中考第一次模拟生物试题一、选择题（本题包括35个小题，每小题2分，共70分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．下列有关人体结构和功能的叙述，错误的是（）A．肾小管细长而曲折，周围缠绕着大量的毛细血管，利于肾小管的重吸收B．肺泡壁和毛细血管壁由一层扁平的上皮细胞构成，利于肺泡与血液的气体交换C．心脏中有动脉瓣、静脉瓣和房室瓣，能防止血液倒流D．小肠内表面有许多环形皱襞和绒毛，以增加小肠消化和吸收的面积【答案】C【解析】试题分析:尿液的形成包括肾小球和肾小囊壁的过滤作用和肾小管的重新收作用，其中肾小管细长而曲折，周围缠绕着大量的毛细血管，利于肾小管的重吸收，A正确；肺是呼吸系统中最主要的呼吸器官，是进行气体交换的主要场所．肺泡是进行气体交换的主要部位，数量很多，增加了气体交换的效率；肺泡外面包绕着丰富的毛细血管和弹性纤维；肺泡的壁和毛细血管壁都很薄，只有一层上皮细胞构成，这些特点都有利于肺泡与血液内的气体交换，B正确；心房和心室之间的瓣膜叫房室瓣，它只能朝向心室开，保证血液只能从心房流向心室；心室和相连的动脉之间的瓣膜叫动脉瓣，只能朝向动脉开，保证血液只能从心室流向动脉．这样就保证了血液只能按一定方向流动：心房→心室→动脉，而不能倒流；心脏中没有静脉瓣，C错误；小肠是消化吸收的主要场所，小肠内表面有许多环形皱襞和绒毛，以增加小肠消化和吸收的面积，D正确。

故选C。

考点：本题考查心脏的结构；胃和肠的结构特点；肾脏的结构和功能。

2．在模拟“精子与卵细胞随机结合”的实验中，用黑围棋子代表含Y染色体的精子，白围棋子代表含X染色体的精子和卵细胞。

下列关于实验的方法错误的是A．实验中共需30枚白围棋子，10枚黑围棋子B．从纸盒中抓取棋子时应当做到随机性C．每次取完棋子并记录后，需要将棋子放回去，摇匀后再取D．每个小组模拟实验得到的数据都能说明生男生女的比例是1:1【答案】D【解析】【分析】在亲代的生殖细胞形成过程中，经过减数分裂，两条性染色体彼此分离，男性产生两种类型的精子--含X 染色体的精子和含Y染色体的精子，女性则只产一种含X染色体的卵细胞。

(2019届)上海市宝山区九年级一模物理试题(有答案)

2019学年第一学期期末考试九年级物理试卷（满分90分，理化考试时间100分钟）考生注意：1.本试卷物理部分含五个大题。

2.答题时，考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效。

一、选择题（共16分）下列各题均只有一个正确选项，请将正确选项的代号用2B铅笔填涂在答题纸的相应位置上，更改答案时，用橡皮擦去，重新填涂。

1．历史上首先用实验测出大气压值的科学家是A．牛顿。

B．帕斯卡。

C．阿基米德。

D．托里拆利。

2．下列各物理量中，可以用来鉴别物质的是A．质量。

B．重力。

C．密度。

D．体积。

3．下列现象或做法是为了增大压强的是A．医用针头针尖很细。

B．高架公路的桥板通常是空心的。

C．图钉的钉帽面积较大。

D．大型载重卡车按有较多车轮。

4．容器中的0 ℃冰块（如图1所示）遇热全部化成0 ℃水，发生变化的物理量是A．容器内物体的质量。

B．容器内物体的体积。

C．容器底部所受压力。

D．容器底部所受压强。

5．同一物体先后漂浮在甲、乙两种液体上（ρ甲<ρ乙），若受到的浮力分别为F甲、F乙，A．F甲一定小于F乙。

B．F甲一定等于F乙。

C．F甲一定大于F乙。

D．F甲可能小于F乙。

6．甲、乙是由同种材料制成且长度相等的两根导体，若将它们串联在同一通电的电路中，则下列关于甲、乙的横截面积S及加在甲、乙两端电压U的大小判断正确的是A．若S甲>S乙，则U甲=U乙B．若S甲<S乙，则U甲=U乙C．若S甲>S乙，则U甲>U乙D．若S甲<S乙，则U甲>U乙7．把同种材料制成的甲、乙两个正方体各自平放在水平地面上，甲、乙对地面的压强分别为和，若把甲叠放在乙上面，如图2所示，则乙对地面的压强为：A．p1+p2B．p12+p22C．D．8．在图3所示的两电路中，电源电压相等且保持不变。

闭合图3（a）中电键S1，将该图中滑动变阻器R3的滑片P从最左端移到最右端，发现电流表A l的最大示数是最小示数的3倍；再将图3（b）中滑动变阻器R3的滑片P移到最左端、将图3 （b）中滑动变阻器R3滑片P移到最右端后，闭合电键和S2，发现电流表A l、A2的示数相同。

1宝山试卷

A．a B．b C．c D．d
6．下列过程中,由逆转录酶催化的是 A．DNA→RNA C．蛋白质→蛋白质
图2
B．RNA→DNA D．RNA→蛋白质
7．图 3 表示洋葱的一个 DNA 分子片段，在 DNA 聚合酶作用下形成的键是
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
2019 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷
。
2019 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷
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（三)生物工程与疾病治疗（12 分）
肿瘤疫苗是新型治疗方法，其原理是将肿瘤抗原导入人体内，激活患者自身的免疫应答，从而达到控制或清除肿瘤的目的。
33.(2 分) 通过肿瘤疫苗激活的免疫应答归类正确的是
。
①细胞免疫
②体液免疫
D．核 DNA 的复制方式不同
图6
12．如果正常人血液中甲状腺素过多，则促甲状腺激素水平会相应下降，这属于
A．正反馈作用
B．负反馈作用
C．拮抗作用
D．协同作用
13．剧烈运动引起血压升高，发生降压反射时， A. 压力感受器传入冲动频率降低 C. 外周阻力降低
B. 副交感神经兴奋性减弱 D. 心排血量升高
C．抗利尿激素增多
D．体内产热大于散热
5．在探究洋葱细胞外界溶液浓度与质壁分离的关系实验中，在 m 点时间分别用 0.1g/ml 蔗糖溶液、0.3g/ml 蔗糖溶液、0.5g/ml 蔗糖溶液和清水引流洋葱表皮细胞，在 n 点时间再用清水引流，测得细胞原生质体积变化如图 2，图 2 中代表用 0.3g/ml 蔗糖溶液引流过结果的是
图3
第1页共8页
8．图 4 表示不同浓度生长素对芽生长的影响。当植物表现出顶端优势时，若顶芽所处浓度为 b，最靠近顶芽的侧芽所含生长素的浓度为

2023-2024学年上海市宝山区生命科学一模试卷及答案

宝山区2023学年第一学期期末中学生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷考生留意:1.试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

2.试卷包含两部分，第一部分为选择题，其次部分为综合题。

3.答题前，务必用钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号。

考生需将答案全部写在答题纸上，不要超过答题框，否则不得分。

一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案）1 .如图1结构属于的生物类型是A.原核生物-蓝藻B.真核生物一水绵C.非细胞形态生物一病毒D.原核生物一细菌2 .图2为细胞中常见的生化反应，则下列相关叙述正确的是H H H HH2O+HzN-*O-HNH-COOH—H2N-^-COOH+H2N-⅛-C∞HCR CH2C∞H CH3CH2COOH甲Ba o 乙丙A.属于缩合反应B.属于水解反应C.图中虚线框内为氢键D.化合物甲含三个游离竣基3 .某学生在光学显微镜下视察和测量洋葱根尖细胞，测量结果如图3所示,请问在下列的数值中，哪一个最能表示洋葱根尖细胞的实际长度？A.35微米B.0.55微米C.0.75微米D.0.90微米4 .下表中有关化合物的检测内容，正确的是5 .将云母片插入苗尖端及其下部的不同位置如下图所示，给与单侧光照耀，下列不会发生弯曲生长的是6 .DNA和RNA都具有的是：A.磷酸B.氨基酸C.双螺旋结构D.两者都是无机物7 .图4为某细胞在减数分裂过程中，一对同源染色体的配对状况。

下列各种变异不行能是A.映失B.重复C.倒位D.异位8 .图5为显微镜下某植物细胞在30%蔗糖溶液中的示意图。

下列说话正确的是A.X、Y分别表示细胞和液泡的长度8 .图中X/Y值愈大，说明细胞质壁分别程度越高C.在发生质壁分别的细胞中能视察到紫色变深D.若将图5所示状态的细胞放入40%蔗糖液中，可视察到复原现象9 .某高校研发的重组幽门螺杆菌疫苗，对该菌引发的胃炎等疾病具有较好的预防效果。

2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试生命科学试题(含答案)

精品文档，名师推荐！来源网络，造福学生———————欢迎下载，祝您学习进步，成绩提升———————2019 年等级考试卷一、选择题（共40 分，每小题 2 分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1.“雨前椿芽雨后笋”，谷雨之前，香椿芽成为人们餐桌上的美食，香椿芽富含的Ca2+常用用来治疗( )A.甲状腺肿大B.肌肉抽搐C.红绿色盲D.贫血2.右图是某动物细胞局部的电子显微镜照片，该结构是( )A.细胞核B.大液泡C.内质网D.线粒体3.果蝇某体细胞有8 条染色体，在其细胞周期中，仅有8 个DNA 分子的时期是( )A.G1 期B.S 期结束C.G2 期D.M 期开始4.如图所示，在最适温度和PH 下，增大反应速度的方法是( )A 增加酶的数量B 增加底物浓度 C.增加反应时间 D .增加温度5.牛胰核糖核苷酸酶是由124 个氨基酸组成的多肽，在尿素和β-巯基乙醇的作用下发生如图所示变化失去生物活性则尿素和β-巯基乙醇的作用为( )A.增大氨基酸数量B.改变氨基酸顺序C 减少氨基酸数量 D.破坏多肽空间结构6.下图表示血液中白细胞进入组织液的一种方式，该过程体现细胞膜具有( )① 一定流动性②全透性③ 信息交流A 仅① B.仅② C.仅③ D.仅①③7.人体角膜是一层无血管、无色素并具有丰富神经末梢的结构，若有异物与角膜接触，眼脸就不由自主的合上，在此过程中，感受器是( )A.角膜中的上皮细胞B.眼脸部位的肌肉C.角膜上的神经末梢D.眼脸部位的血管8 当土壤中含氮量较低，植物的细胞TAB2 基因表达增强，生长素含量增加，对侧根生长的促进作用逐渐增强，从而“主动寻找”氮元素。

此过程中，生长素浓度变化范围符合图中的( )A. a-b 段B. b-c 段C.c-d 段D.d-e 段9.对甲、乙、丙、丁四个地区进行生物多样性调查，各地区物种类型及其所占百分比如图所示（a-e 代表不同物种）时，物种多样性最高的地区是( )甲乙丙丁A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁10.给狗喂食时，一直按铃，如此重复多次。

上海市宝山区2019-2020学年高三第一学期高中等级考化学一模试卷

3 宝山区2019学年第一学期期末高三年级化学学科等级考质量监测试卷相对原子质量：C —12O —16 Na —23 Cl —35.5 I —127 S —32 H —1 Fe —56一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案）1．中国科学院院士张青莲教授曾主持测定了铟（49In ）等9 种元素相对原子质量的新值，被采用为国际新标准。

已知：铟与铝（13Al ）同主族。

下列说法错误的是 A ．In 的金属性大于AlB ．In 最外层有2 种能量的电子C ．In 的中子数为66D ．In 原子的相对原子质量为1152．下列食品添加剂中，其使用目的与反应速率有关的是A ．抗氧化剂B ．调味剂C ．着色剂D ．增稠剂3．下列各组物质所含化学键相同的是A ．钠（Na ）与金刚石(C)B ．氯化钠(NaCl)与氯化氢(HCl)C ．氯气(Cl 2)与氦气(He)D ．碳化硅(SiC)与二氧化硅(SiO 2)4．在给定条件下，下列选项所示的物质间转化均能实现的是12A ．NaCl(aq)−−−→电解Cl 2(g)()Fe s −−−→FeCl 2(s)B ．S(s)2()O g −−−→SO 3(g)2()H O l −−−→H 2SO 4(aq)C ．Al(s)()HCl aq −−−−→AlCl 3(aq)32()NH H O aq ⋅−−−−−→Al(OH)3(s) D ．N 2(g)2()H g −−−−−−−→高温高压催化剂NH 3(g)2(),()NaCl aq CO g −−−−−−→Na 2CO 3(s) 5．下列离子在稳定人体血液的pH 中起作用的是A ．Na +B ．Cl －C ．Fe 2+D ．HCO －6．在一定条件下，甲苯可生成二甲苯混合物和苯。

有关物质的沸点、熔点如下表：下列说法错误的是A．该反应属于取代反应B．用蒸馏的方法可将苯从反应所得产物中首先分离出来C．甲苯和氢气完全反应所得产物的分子式是C7H16D．对二甲苯的一溴代物有2种7．β—月桂烯的结构如右图所示，一分子该物质与两分子溴发生加成反应的产物（只考虑位置异构）理论上最多有A．2 种B．3 种C．4 种D．6种8．维通橡胶是一种耐腐蚀、耐油、耐高温、耐寒性能都特别好的氟橡胶。

上海市宝山区2019届高三一模考试数学试卷及答案

上海市宝山区2019届高三一模考试数学试卷2018.12一、填空题1.函数f(x)=sin(－2x)的最小正周期为____________.2.集合U=R,集合A={x|x －3>0},B={x|x ＋1>0},则B ∩∁U A ＝___________.3.若复数z 满足(1＋i)z=2i(i 是虚数单位),则z ＝___________.4.方程ln(9x ＋3x －1)=0的根为___________.5.从某校4个班级的学生中选出7名学生参加进博会志愿者服务,若每一个班级至少有一名代表,则各班的代表数有___________种不同的选法.(用数字作答)6关于x, y 的二元一次方程组的增广矩阵为⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-510321,则x ＋y ＝___________. 7.如果无穷等比数列{a n }所有奇数项的和等于所有项的和的3倍,则公比q ＝___________. 8函数y=f(x)与y=lnx 的图像关于直线y=－x 对称,则f(x)＝ _________9已知A(2,3),B(1,4),且21AB ＝( sin x, cosy),x 、y ∈)2,2(ππ-, 则x ＋y ＝___________. 10.将函数y=－21x -的图像绕y 轴旋转一周所得的几何容器的容积是___________.11.章老师整理旧资料时发现一题部分字迹模糊不清,只能看到:在ΔABC 中,a,b,c 分别是角A,B,C 的对边,已知b=22,∠A=45°,求边c 。

显然缺少条件,若他打算补充a 的大小,并使得c 只有一解.那么,a 的可能取值是___________. (只需填写一个合适的答案)12.如果等差数列{a n },{b n }的公差都为d(d ≠0),若满足对于任意n ∈N,都有b n －a n =kd,其中k 为常数,k ∈N *则称它们互为“同宗”数列.已知等差数列{a n }中,首项a 1=1,公差d=2,数列{b n }为数列{a n }的“同宗”数列,若+∞→111(lim b a n 31)1122=++n n b a b a , 则k ＝___________. 二、选择题13.若等式1＋x ＋x 2＋x 3=a 0＋a 1(1－x)＋a 2 (1－x) 2＋a 3(1－x) 3对一切x ∈R 都成立,其中a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3为实常数,则a 0＋a 1＋a 2＋a 3＝( )A.2B.－1C.4D.114.“x ∈]2,2[ππ-"是“sin( (arcsin x))=x ”的( )条件 A.充分非必要 B.必要非充分C.充要D.既非充分也非必要15关于函数f(x)＝232-x 的下列判断,其中正确的是( )A.函数的图像是轴对称图形B.函数的图像是中心对称图形C.函数有最大值D. 当x>0时,y=f(x)是减函数16设点M,N 均在双曲线C ：3422y x -=1上运动,F 1,F 2是双曲线C 的左、右焦点,则|1MF ＋2MF －|2的最小值为( ) A.32 B.4 C.72 D.以上都不对三、解答题17.如图,在四棱锥P-ABCD 中,PA ⊥平面ABCD,正方形ABCD 的边长为2,PA=4,设E 为侧棱PC 的中点(1)求正四棱锥E-ABCD 的体积V;(2)求直线BE 与平面PCD 所成角θ的大小.18.已知函数f(x)=10022cos 112sin 3x x-,将f(x)的图像向左平移α(α>0)个单位得函数y=g(x)的图像 (1)若α=4π,求y=g(x)的单调增区间; (2)若α∈(0, 2π),y=g(x)的一条对称轴为x=12π,求y=g(x)x ∈[0, 2π]的值域.19.某温室大棚规定:一天中,从中午12点到第二天上午8点为保温时段,其余4小时为工人作业时段,从中午12点连续测量20小时,得出此温室大棚的温度y(单位:度)与时间t(单位:小时,t ∈[0,20])近似地满足函数2|13|++-=t b t y 关系,其中,b 为大棚内一天中保温时段的通风量 (1)若一天中保温时段的通风量保持100个单位不变,求大棚一天中保温时段的最低温度(精确到0.1℃);(2)若要保持大棚一天中保温时段的最低温度不小于17°C.求大棚一天中保温时段通风量的最小值.20.已知椭圆Г:224y x +=1的左右焦点为F 1,F 2 (1)以F 1为焦点,原点为顶点的抛物线方程;(2)若椭圆Г上的点M 满足∠F 1MF 2=,求M 的纵坐标y M ;(3)设N(0,1),若椭圆T 上存在不同两点P,Q 满足∠PNO=90°,证明直线PQ 过定点,并求该定点坐标.21.如果数列{a n }对于任意n ∈N*,都有a 2+n －a n =d 其中d 为常数,则称数列{a n }是“间等差数列”,d 为“间公差”若数列{a n }满足a 1+n ＋a n =2n －35,n ∈N *,a 1=a(a ∈R)(1)求证数列{a n }是“间等差数列”,并求间公差d;(2)设S n 为数列{a n }的前n 项和,若S n 的最小值为-153,求实数a 的取值范围;(3)类似地非零数列{b n }对于任意n ∈N,都有nn b b 2+=q,其中q 为常数,则称数列{b n }是“间等比数列”,q 为“间公比”,已知数列{c n }中满足c 1=k(k ≠0,k ∈Z), c n c 1+n =2018(21)1-n ,n ∈N *,试问数列{c n }是否为“间等比数列”,若是,求最大的整数k 使得对于任意n ∈N,都有C n >C 1+n ;若不是,说明理由.、。

2019上海市生命科学等级考宝山区一模卷

宝山区2018学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷考生注意：1.试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

2.试卷包含两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为综合题。

3.答题前，务必用钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号。

考生需将答案全部写在答題纸上，不要超过答题框，否则不得分。

一、选择题(共40分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案)1．下列能正确表示脱氧核苷酸结构的是2．在电子显微镜下，颤藻和水绵细胞中都能被观察到的结构是A ．细胞核B ．内质网C ．叶绿体D ．核糖体 3．图1表示染色体中蛋白质、DNA 、基因的关系。

甲、乙、丙依次是A ．DNA 、基因、蛋白质B ．基因、DNA 、蛋白质C ．基因、蛋白质、DNAD ．DNA 、蛋白质、基因4．艾滋病病毒属于RNA 病毒，有关艾滋病病毒的说法正确的是A ．病毒内可进行RNA 自我复制B ．主要由DNA 、RNA 和蛋白质组成C ．主要寄生在人体T 淋巴细胞D ．可用来抑制绿脓杆菌治愈烧伤病人 5．人体口腔中生活着一定数量的链球菌，其分泌的过氧化氢对一些病原菌有抑制作用，这种免疫方式属于A ．非特异性免疫B ．人工免疫C ．二次免疫D ．特异性免疫 6．将盛有一定浓度蔗糖溶液的透析袋口所紧后浸于蒸馏水中，下图表示透析袋中蔗糖溶液浓度与时间的关系，正确的是7．香蕉是人们喜爱的水果之一，果农通过地下球茎中的不定芽培育成苗，这种生殖方式是 A. 出芽生殖 B ．营养繁殖 C ．分裂生殖 D ．有性生殖 8．图2浓度下，根和茎作出的反应分别是 A ．促进作用加强，促进作用加强 B ．抑制作用加强，促进作用减弱 C ．促进作用减弱，促进作用加强 D ．促进作用相同，促进作用相同A B C D染色体乙甲丙图1 A.B.C.D.生长素的浓度(mol/L)图29．图3表示人体内主要能源物质氧化分解的部分途径，其中的大写字母代表物质。

上海市宝山区2019届高考一模物理试题(答案+解析)

上海市宝山区2019届高三模拟一考试物理试题一、单选题（本大题共12小题，共40.0分）1.首先发现“磁”能生“电”的物理学家是（）A. 安培B. 奥斯特C. 法拉第D. 楞次【答案】C【解析】【详解】法拉第首先发现了电磁感应现象，即是首先发现“磁”能生“电”的物理学家，故选C.2.描述运动和力的关系的物理定律是（）A. 牛顿第一定律和牛顿第二定律B. 牛顿第一定律和牛顿第三定律C. 牛顿第二定律和牛顿第三定律D. 牛顿第一定律、牛顿第二定律和牛顿第三定律【答案】A【解析】【详解】描述运动和力的关系的物理定律是牛顿第一定律和牛顿第二定律；牛顿第三定律描述的是作用力和反作用力之间的关系；故选A.3.科学思维在物理问题的研究中十分重要，历史上有一位物理学家受到万有引力定律的启发，运用类比创建了另一个物理定律，该定律是（）A. 牛顿第二定律B. 库仓定律C. 楞次定律D. 闭合电路欧姆定律【答案】B【解析】【分析】明确理想模型、控制变量、等效替代、类比等各种方法的应用即可正确解答本题．【详解】科学方法在物理问题的研究中十分重要，历史上有一位物理学家受到牛顿万有引力定律的启发，运用类比方法方法在电磁学领域中建立了一个物理学定律，该定律的名称为库仑定律。

故选B。

4.关于能量的转化下列说法中正确的是（）A. 满足能量守恒定律的物理过程都能自发地进行B. 不但能量的总量保持不变，而且能量的可利用性在逐步提高C. 空调机既能致热又能制冷，说明热传递不存在方向性D. 热量不可能由低温物体传给高温物体而不发生其他变化【答案】D【解析】【分析】热力学第二定律反映了自然界的宏观过程具有方向性，虽然总能量守恒，但能量可以利用的品质降低了．【详解】根据热力学第二定律，满足能量守恒定律的物理过程不一定都能自发地进行，选项A错误；能量在转化过程会由高品质能源转化为低品质的能源，故可利用性会降低，选项B 错误；空调机既能致热又能制冷，但是要耗电，即热传递有方向性，热量只能自发地由高温物体传向低温物体，故C错误；根据热力学第二定律，热量不可能由低温物体传给高温物体而不发生其他变化，选项D正确；故选D.5.振动着的单摆摆球，通过平衡位置时，它受到的回复力（）A. 指向地面B. 指向悬点C. 数值为零D. 垂直摆线，指向运动方向【答案】C【解析】【分析】单摆的回复力是重力沿圆弧切线方向上的分力，方向指向平衡位置.【详解】摆球受到的回复力是重力沿圆弧切线方向上的分力，经过平衡位置时，回复力为零。

上海市宝山区吴淞中学2019学年高二上学期第一次月考生命科学

一、选择题：（每小题只有一个正确选项，共40分。

请将答案填涂在答题卡上）1．过度肥胖者的脂肪组织中，占细胞重量50％以上的物质是 ( )A．蛋白质 B．脂肪 C．糖类 D．水2.染色质与染色体是（）A. 同种物质在同一时期的两种形态B.同种物质在不同时期的两种形态C. 不同物质在同一时期的两种形态D. 不同物质在不同时期的两种形态3．使用普通光学显微镜观察水中微生物，若发现视野中微生物如图1所示方向游走，请问应该把载玻片向图2所示的哪个方向移动（）A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁4. 下列关于细胞中水的含量的叙述中，不正确的是( )A．一般地说，水是人体细胞中含量最多的化合物B．老年人细胞中含水量比婴儿的少 C．抗旱的植物细胞内自由水含量少D．新陈代谢越旺盛，细胞中的自由水含量越低5. 下列与无机盐的功能无关的是（）A．是细胞中能源物质之一 B．是某些复杂化合物的重要组成成分C．能维持生物体的生命活动 D．能维持细胞的形态和功能6. 某些保健品含有一定量的性激素（或性激素类似物），对青少年的发育会造成不良影响。

从化学成分上分析，性激素属于（）A．糖类 B．脂质 C．蛋白质 D．核酸7. 儿童患佝偻病，发烧时就会抽搐，医生建议他平时要补充（）A.新鲜水果和蔬菜B.钙片和维生素DC.谷物种皮和胡萝卜D.蛋白质和糖类8. 下列是某生物体中糖类的某些变化，下面的说法不正确的是（）淀粉→麦芽糖→葡萄糖→糖原A.此生物一定是动物，因为能合成糖原B.淀粉和糖原，都属于多糖C.此生物一定是动物，因为能利用葡萄糖D.麦芽糖为双糖，葡萄糖为单糖9. 人体口腔上皮细胞中核酸的组分包括（）A．碱基5种五碳糖2种核苷酸8种B．碱基4种五碳糖1种核苷酸8种C．碱基5种五碳糖1种核苷酸8种D．碱基4种五碳糖2种核苷酸8种10. 美国科学家安德鲁·法尔和克雷格·梅洛因为发现RNA干扰机制而获得2006年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

上海市宝山区2019-2020学年中考生物一模考试卷含解析

上海市宝山区2019-2020学年中考生物一模考试卷一、选择题（本题包括35个小题，每小题2分，共70分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．海洋中绿藻多分布在上层，褐藻分布在中下层，红藻则分布在低层，请分析影响海藻分布的主要因素是（）A．盐度B．温度C．阳光D．有机物【答案】C【解析】光在海水中的穿透性有浅到深越来越弱。

最浅处光最强，有红光也有蓝紫光，有利于绿藻利用，所以是绿藻；往下一些红光穿透性不强被海水吸收，能利用起来用作光合作用的只剩蓝紫光，褐藻有利于吸收蓝紫光，是褐藻；再往下，蓝紫光也被吸收一部分，是红藻；最深处没有光，因此没有植物生存，只有一些硫化菌。

因此影响海藻分布的主要因素是阳光。

2．下列农业生产措施与所依据的生物学原理不相匹配的是（）A．向蔬菜大棚中施气肥﹣﹣促进蔬菜的呼吸作用B．遇阴雨连绵天气在农田边挖排水沟排涝﹣﹣促进根的呼吸作用C．合力密植﹣﹣提高光能利用率D．春季早播覆盖地膜﹣﹣提高地表温度，利于种子萌发【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题重点考查光合作用和呼吸作用在农业生产上的运用，理解即可解题。

【详解】为提高植物光合作用的强度，有些菜农在大棚里增施“气肥”，“气肥”实质上二氧化碳气体，促进蔬菜的光合作用，A错误；遇阴雨连绵天气在农田边挖排水沟排涝，是促进根的呼吸作用，B正确；合理密植，有利于充分利用光能，提高光合效率，提高产量，C正确；用塑料薄膜覆盖地面，能够促进早出苗的主要原因是提高土壤的温度，D正确。

3．北京世界园艺博览会于2019年4月29日开幕，主题为“绿色生活•美丽家园”，倡导人与自然和谐相处的绿色发展理念，下列叙述中不符合这一理念的是（）A．拒绝使用珍贵动植物制品B．发展生态农业，提高废弃物的再循环率C．加大空气质量检测，改善环境状况D．注意饮食卫生，经常使用一次性筷子和杯子【分析】人类活动对生态环境的影响有二大方面，一是有利于或改善其它生物的生存环境；二是不利于或破坏其它生物的生存环境，如大量使用农药化肥，易造成水的污染等。

上海市宝山区2019-2020学年中考生物一模试卷含解析

上海市宝山区2019-2020学年中考生物一模试卷一、选择题（本题包括35个小题，每小题2分，共70分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．刚装修完的房间中含有较多的苯、甲醛等有害气体，除去这些有害气体的方法合理的是（）A．关闭门窗，放置大量的茶叶B．喷大量空气清新剂C．关闭门窗，放置大量绿色植物D．打开门窗，通风透气【答案】D【解析】【分析】住宅装修完毕，室内空气中含有较多的苯、甲醛、氡等有害气体，这些气体直接损害人的身心健康。

【详解】房屋装修或是装饰的材料中往往含有有害气体，例如，人造材料、各种油漆、涂料、粘合剂以及家具等，其主要污染物是甲醛、苯、二甲苯等有机物和氨气、一氧化氮、二氧化氮等无机物，还有如大理石等建材中，往往含有放射性的污染源，这些都对人体有害，所以住宅刚装修完毕时要首先打开门窗，通风透气等有害气体散发尽了，再入住，通风能降低有毒气体的浓度，故D正确。

故选D。

2．下列无脊椎动物与其形态结构特点对应正确的是（）A．蛲虫﹣身体细长，有口无肛门B．海蜇﹣辐射对称，体表有刺细胞C．蚯蚓﹣身体呈圆筒形，体表有角质层D．蛔虫﹣身体细长呈圆柱形，由体节组成【答案】B【解析】蛲虫是线形动物，身体细长，有口有肛门，A错误；海蜇属于腔肠动物，身体呈辐射对称；体表有刺细胞，有口无肛门；体内有消化腔，B正确；蚯蚓属于环节动物，身体呈圆筒形，由许多彼此相似的环状体节构成，没有角质层，C错误；蛔虫属于线形动物，身体细长，圆柱形，体表有角质层，有口有肛门，身体不分节，D错误。

点睛：熟悉各类动物的特征和常见动物是解题的关键。

3．取同一植株相同大小的A、B、C三根枝条，按图处置叶片并插人量筒中，让油滴铺满水面，24小时后观察量简中液面的变化。

该实验要探究的问题是（）A．光合作用主要是通过叶片进行的吗B．油滴对植物吸水有影响吗C．蒸腾作用主要是通过叶片进行的吗D．呼吸作用主要是通过叶片进行的吗【答案】C【解析】【分析】植物的蒸腾作用是指植物体内的水通过气孔以水蒸气的形式散发到大气中去的过程。

2019上海市生命科学等级考宝山区一模卷

-----宝山区2018 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷考生注意：1. 试卷满分100 分，考试时间60 分钟。

2. 试卷包含两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为综合题。

3.答题前，务必用钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号。

考生需将答案全部写在答題纸上，不要超过答题框，否则不得分。

一、选择题(分，每小题共402 分。

每小题只有一个正确答案 )1．下列能正确表示脱氧核苷酸结构的是碱基碱基PPP碱基碱基PA.C.B.D.．在电子显微镜下，颤藻和水绵细胞中都能被观察到的结构是 2 D．细胞核 B．内质网 C．叶绿体 A．核糖体表示染色体中蛋白质、 1 3 ．图DNA、基因的关系。

甲、乙、丙依次是DNA 、基因、蛋白质 A ．染色体DNA 、蛋白质 B ．基因、乙甲丙DNA ．基因、蛋白质、 CD ． DNA 、蛋白质、基因图 1 4．艾滋病病毒属于RNA 病毒，有关艾滋病病毒的说法正确的是A．病毒内可进行RNA 自我复制 B．主要由DNA、RNA和蛋白质组成C．主要寄生在人体 T 淋巴细胞 D．可用来抑制绿脓杆菌治愈烧伤病人5．人体口腔中生活着一定数量的链球菌，其分泌的过氧化氢对一些病原菌有抑制作用，这种免疫方式属于A．非特异性免疫B．人工免疫C．二次免疫D．特异性免疫6．将盛有一定浓度蔗糖溶液的透析袋口所紧后浸于蒸馏水中，下图表示透析袋中蔗糖溶液浓度与时间的关系，正确的是蔗蔗蔗蔗糖糖糖糖溶溶溶溶液液液液浓浓浓浓度度度度时间时间时间时间DCAB7．香蕉是人们喜爱的水果之一，果农通过地下球茎中的不定芽培育成苗，这种生殖方式是A. 出芽生殖 B．营养繁殖C．分裂生殖D．有性生殖8．图 2 显示月季的根和茎对不同浓度生长素的反应。

相对于A 点而言，B 点对应的生长素C 促 A 浓度下，根和茎作出的反应分别是进B．促进作用加强，促进作用加强A D0．抑制作用加强，促进作用减弱 B 根抑茎．促进作用减弱，促进作用加强 C 制-2．促进作用相同，促进作用相同D-81010101010-4-6 -10 (mol/L) 生长素的浓度图 2 范文----------9．图 3 表示人体内主要能源物质氧化分解的部分途径，其中的大写字母代表物质。

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