Dictation(U.3)
英语专业四级Dictation50篇
1.Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months2.A Change in Women’s LifeThe important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, manygirls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.Useful Words and Expressions:1. life-pattern生活方式2. share3.A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes andsometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.Useful Words and Expressions:1. window box:窗台上的花盆箱2.pastime 消遣，娱乐Swimming is my favorite pastime.4.British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they se on TV—if they ever get home in time.Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them.The first difference is that a policeman’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone hewants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes.Useful Words and Expressions:1. think much of 重视，尊重2. in court 在法庭上3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的5.Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite eachother and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.6.The United NationsIn 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Assembly. In the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain, and China. The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars.Useful Words and Expressions:1. representative 代表2. General Assembly 联合国大会3. permanent 永久的，持久的4. Security Council 联合国安全理事会7.PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic does not grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear. Some are many-colored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them!8. Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a ten-foot one. Customers also buy more when shelves are full than when they are half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there.Useful Words and Expressions:1. aisle 走廊，过道2. trolley 手推车3. checkout 收款台9.Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879, His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the re ligion’s rules. Albert was a quite child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—to be north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.Useful expressions and words:1. device 装置，设备leave to one’s own devices 听任某人自行其是，允许某人按自己的意愿做事She left the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.她允许孩子在下午有一个小时的自由支配时间。
英语专四Dictation听力原文
Dictation 听力原文9. Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879, His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the religion’s rules. Albert was a quite child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—to be north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand. Y et he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.Useful expressions and words:1.device 装置，设备leave to one’s own devices 听任某人自行其是，允许某人按自己的意愿做事She left the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.她允许孩子在下午有一个小时的自由支配时间。
2023年英语短文听写速记技巧(精选3篇)整理
2023年英语短文听写速记技巧(精选3篇)整理英语短文听写速记技巧(精选3篇)平常我们考生应学习一些常用的英语速记方法，英语听写的速度和效果很大程度上取决于考生是否能够娴熟地进行速记。
下面我给大家共享英语短文听写速记技巧，盼望能够关心大家!英语短文听写速记技巧精选篇1长短句原则工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。
而且假如我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：As a creature，I eat; as a man，I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind，they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉?牢记!剧烈建议：在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短，且先长后短;在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采纳先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
主题句原则国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。
否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!信任各位读过一些破烂文学，有意把主体隐蔽在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位肯定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事!特殊提示：隐蔽主体句可是要冒险的!To begin with，you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句)。
Without sufficient preparation，you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.短语优先原则写作时，尤其是在考试时，假如使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，假如老师们看到你的文章太简洁，看不到一个自己不熟悉的短语，必定会看你低一等。
大学综合英语教程第一册Unit 3
5. What good manners does the writer suggest that we should display?
6. Do you agree with the writer that good manners with our families count the most? Justify your reply.
精品PPT
Pre-reading
Saying “Thank you.” — When do you say “Thank you” to others?
Do you say “Thank you” in the following situations?
someone holds a door open for you
Para. 1: a social phenomenon — many people in present times are not as polite as people in the past
Paras. 2 – 4:
the author’s viewpoint — one cannot be truly stylish without good manners, and good manners are a sort of hidden beauty secret Paras. 5-10: illustrations of good manners — the great power of some typical good manners and the good effects polite manners have on our own family members Para. 11: the author’s sincere wish — everyone would show good manners
专四听力之DICTATION
bottle
popular
odd
shop
box
crop
hot
polish
spot
....
字母o的读音
美音中/t/ 出现在两个元音之间且处于非重读位置的时候，发音近似/d/
letter
01
matter
02
city
03
better
04
pretty
05
waitor
06
winter
07
chapter
08
常见音变现象：弱音
1
弱音指元音的弱化，即一个单词中的元音在口语中，由于说话速度快或在句中处于次要位置而不发标准读音，变为弱化元音的现象。常见的弱音现象： 长原因弱化为短原因 he been 元音前的辅音省略或辅音前的元音弱读 his have 元音弱化成？ us for
英音和美音的几大区别
美音中除了Mrs.中的“r”不卷舌之外，只要含有“r”字母的单词均要卷舌。 spare burglar purpose chairman horse dirty ladder lecture weather
字母a的发音
ask can't dance fast half path chance advantage answer ....
（二）常见错误分析
由音变现象而导致的错误 正确：More energy arrives at the earth's surface in an hour than is consumed in the world in a whole year. 错误：More energy arrives at the earth's surface in a how than is consumed in the world in a whole year. 正确:It is up to the tour operator... 错误:Its up to the tour operator... 正确：Can you imagine how difficult life would become... 错误：Can you imagine how difficult life will become... 正确:Everywhere we turn, we find paper.. 错误:Everywhere we turn, we fine paper.
Dictation
Dictation
Words Desire n. 愿望，心愿， 要求 Universal adj. 普遍的，全体的，通用的 Mental adj. 精神的，智利的 Physical adj. 身体的， 物质的 Properly adv. 适当地， 完全地 Knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的， 有见识的 Preserve v. 保护， 保持， 保存， 保藏 Nutritious adj. 有营养成分的， 营养的 Sufficient adj. 充分的，足够的 Well-being n. 康乐， 安宁， 福利
In other words happy people are physically fitter than unhappy people, and the latter are less physically fit than the former. Therefore, if we want to improve our health, we must face life with smiles.
The English and the Americans
The contrasting English and American
patterns have some remarkable implications. When the American wants to be alone he goes into a room and shuts the door---he depends on architectural feature for screening. For an American to refuse to talk to someone else present in the same room. To give them the “silent treatment”, is the ultimate form of rejiction and a sure sign of great displeasure. The English , on the other hand , lacking rooms
考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译dictation
考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译1. dictation[dik'teiʃən]n.听写，口述；命令2. dictionary['dikʃənəri]n.词典，字典3. addict [ə'dikt]v. 使沉溺；使上瘾n. 沉溺于不良嗜好的人【真题例句】Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs.（2006考研英语完形）参考译文：部分原因是：许多成年的无家可归者沉迷于酒精或毒品。
4. addition[ə'diʃən]n. 加，加法；附加部分，增加（物）【同义词】plus【真题例句】Children need to learn addition and subtraction.(201考研英语阅读Text 3)参考译文：小孩需要去学习加法和减法。
5. contradict[,kɔntrə'dikt]v.反驳；同…矛盾，同…抵触[同义词]Deny[真题例句]Three provisions of Arizona's plan were overturned because they contradicted both the federal and state policies.（2013考研英语阅读Text4）参考译文：亚利桑那州计划的三项规定与联邦和州政策相矛盾，因而被否决。
6. contradiction[,kɔntrə'dikʃən]n.反驳，否认；矛盾，不一致[同义词]Discrepancy7. dedicate['dedikeit]vt.奉献；献身于[同义词]devote［真题例句］After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness?（2006考研英语阅读Test4）参考译文：现代社会最热衷于表达快乐的一种时髦形式到底是什么呢？8. dedication9. indicate ['indikeit]v. 指出，指示；表明，暗示【同义词】manifest【真题例句】The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension.（2015新题型）参考译文：这里暗示的阅读方式毫无疑问是理解方式。
dictation
28
• • • • • • • • 1.健康 2.影响 3.注意，关注 4.吸烟者 5.禁止 6.加强 7.放松 8.困难的，强硬的 • 9.虚弱的 • 10.对…上瘾 • 11.调整自己以适应 新生活 • 12.增强体质 • 13.染上坏习惯 • 14.对…有益 • 15.学习到深夜
29
• • • • • • • • • 1.能源，精力 2.措施 3.生存 4.污染 5.生活方式 6.浪费 7.威胁 8.低碳的 9.可回收利用的 • • • • • • • 10.ecological 11.renewable 12.reusable 13.节约能源 14.不情愿 15.导致 16.大多数
27.
• • • • • • • • 1.小说家 2.drama 3.奖品 4.playwright 5.改编，编写 6.影响 7.授予 8.有益的 • • • • • • • 9.经典的 10。Original 11.给…带来愉悦 12.丰富…的生活 13.对…有益 14.采取积极心态 15.成功的关键
16.
• • • • • • • • • • 1. 成功 2.成就 3.象征 4.决心 estone 6.欣赏 7.尊敬 8.钦佩 9.随和的 10.杰出的 • • • • • 11.留学深造 12.在…上排名第一 13.不计名利 mit to 15.为…做贡献
17.
• • • • • • • • • 1.质量 2.发现 3.营养 4.生产 5.土壤 6.产量 7.集中 8.减少 9.美味的
12.
• • • • • • • • 1.顾客 2.折扣 3.日常饮食 4.界限 5.精力 6.好奇心 7.ingredient 8.强项 • 9.咨询 • 10.主食 • 11..一家新开的餐 馆 • 12.感到沮丧 • 13.保持健康 • 14.欠债 • 15.消减
高级英语Dictation--Lesson 3 Blackmail
Dictation--Lesson3Blackmail1.神经紧绷，紧张到了极点。
The nerves were excessively frayed.2.早已借故将女佣支开。
Earlier she had dispatched her maid on an inventederrand.3.慢条斯理地从口中拿下呛人的雪茄，敲掉烟灰，…失了准头。
Taking his time,Ogilvie removed the offending cigar,knocked off the ash and flipped the butt toward….He missed.4.乐得咯咯直笑in an appreciative chuckle5.压低了他那极端刺耳的尖嗓音He lowered the level of his incongruous falsettovoice.6.马上瞪了他一眼，以示警告。
His wife shot him a swift,warning glance.7.“我们的事与你有何相干?”"In what conceivable way does our businessconcern you?”8.“还是检查一下的好。
”"There's things it pays to check."9.肇事逃逸。
committed a hit-and-run10.“你在胡扯些什么呀?”"What are you talking about?"11.“别演了，夫人。
这可不是闹着玩儿的。
”"Don't play games,lady.This is forreal."12.面泛桃红Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the cheeks.13.凶相毕露，先前装出的那副温和劲儿荡然无存。
dictation3
文件名:菲律宾Mr president of Nanchang University. Mr Wang, official of Philippine government for here today. Official of the communited party of Philippine in Jiangxi. Students and teacher of the great and beautiful university, Nanchang university. Good afernoon all of you.I am so happy to be here this afernoon. You know many years age before I entered qulity. I was a professor of economics. Anything of my pleasure to be all of the young college student like you. That was about all of main you. That was in 1987 or so, I started teaching, I joined the government. Anything great I can do is good for me to be here once again to be speaking with young people. I like speaking to young people because they give me. Thank you for this opportunity that to give you.I have been to China many times. But this is my first time to here to Nanchang. And it really give great pleasure that have chance to here. To visit different parts of China. Because as a young professor, many years ago. I became core chairman of association for Philippine and China understanding, and it work for the establishment of different market relationship with China and Philippine. I am so happy that today our relation are warm tied. When they were in turly together for the 8 big sunny. President who invited to this crise fine relationship of having end the golden age. In 2004, I made a stay decide to Beijing. It was my second state visit to it since May 1,2001. and in 2005, president who gave thousand also make a stay visit to money left. That was the 13th of years of our different market relation. During the period that China joined the world that is an admire big comedy. It does very to Philippine very much and our love relationship. Our praid of it. Among of double 7 billion dollors last year. China is the third largest market of the Philippines. And our investments totally with my continuous visit here. We also in agree between our two countries. But what I can say is that I am very proud of our Filipino and Chinese living in Philippine. They are among our largest businessman in the Philippine privde them well. But the love China and they also invert here in China, in Jiangxi province. We have a big investment of Filipino and Chinese. Mr Chen, and he is here, so we are here.文件名：PhilippinesA: I am happy to be here, I am a Filipino.B: Well, wonderful. You are the president of the Filipinos for the Asean Amen person school. You job together with a few others is to decide each other of Asean. So how do you this little group take division for this regional organization.A: Inminite basure of rules, the work on the Asean s . All us giving guid like by the leaders. In Colar Longbu last December. The guy likes for a merely for the EBE in the putting up dichapter. To be put visionality, then out of the box.B:What do you think Chinese role to understand you are having this group of among you there also a Chinese respentive Chen Qicheng?A:China is a duty to a very point of engine role to answer this station. Not only themselves for they. But the region or many raltive between China and Philippine or another friendly. But also in themsleves. They convestment now because they become slove give a bomb.B:Well, but there are many people among there rule are mature economic benefit be really translated into better time politicaly or millitarly.A:Of course, so there are three sort of communite these of official and maybe set . And theseshall be economic comunity. It’s a much better of ahead. And then, they social secutity community is included the foreign policy and defence policy. And the usuallest one is the social culture community, which is a what something that the Philippine insited. That is the necessarily that we disagree. Because it is so their works. So different the Philippine unlike the economic indelation. But we these three was developed community eventurly. We shall like be much stronger Asean. More hightely declited and the capable of the bargaining on the equal base with other the usual rule ing the world.B:What are you aiming at in a way?A:We have to make sure that the area economy line to China. But that’s the mature benefit in that.B:Desipte of the mature benefit, have you may have no dispose your country and among other countries of the Asean? They are all as to is some kind of suspections to why China lost so involve in these region. Where is China attention? What is China want? What is your interpretation?A:Since 1974, especially during the last 20 years, China is was her neighbor. As we put them over and over again. Especially in they do a economy development. Their relations especially education. In the environment direction, these also act out by our different sense of Philippine. For my bike, I happened to be the chairman of the for the Asia. But out being associated in public Viet Nam. But our means have aquire she is in Beijing. In orgaines the 26 ancient countries, bigger tomorrow. To be an for Asian with an Asian perspective, we also include the friend’s support of Asian family and so that for nobody exclud form this floor for moving out of.B:And through both of four and the meeting that we hace to Amen closen group with the Asean. what do you find Chinese really attention is? You still have to answer that question though.A:For me …….B:The reason for this reaional organization…A: Inminte of rules, the work on the Asean settle them.口音特点：1、明显b和p的发音混淆，都发b。
unit3 dictation
1. ______ n. 压力;重音；vt. 加压力于;使紧张 2. ______ vt.禁止;取缔;n.禁令；谴责 3. ______ adj. 惯常的；习惯了的 4. ______ n. 结果；效力→ ______ v. 影响 5. ______ adj. 气喘吁吁的→ ____ n. 呼吸→ _____ v. 呼吸 6. ______ adj. 不健康的;不合适的;不合格的 → ______ adj. 健康的;合适的 7. ______ vt. 加强;使坚强；vi. 变强→ ______ n. 力气;力量 8. _________ v. 滥用； 虐待 9. ashamed adj.__________ 10. embarrassed adj. __________ 11. awkward adj. ____________ 12. desperate adj. __________ 13. alcohol n. ______j. __________ 15. mental adj. __________ 16. pregnant adj. __________ 17. abnormal adj. __________→ normal adj. __________ 1. 由于 __________ 2. 对……有瘾 __________ 3. 习惯于 __________ 4. 对……作出决定 __________ 5. 想要（做） __________ 6. 不管；不顾 __________ 7. 冒险 __________ 8. 为……感到惭愧/羞愧 __________ 9. 处于险境 __________ 10. 陷入；染上（坏习惯） __________
（完整word版）听力dictation
（完整word版）听力dictation一，（a women at home）In Japan, most people still feel that a woman's place is in the home; and most women willingly accept their traditional role as wives, leaving the business of making a living to their husbands. For those who do want a career of their own, opportunities are limited, and working women usually have to settle for lower wages, fewer promotions, and less responsible positions.In America, on the other hand, most women, including wives and mothers, work most of their lives. But until recently, few have had real careers. As in Japan most fields are dominated by men and opportunities for women have been restricted, salaries low, chances for advancement rare. American women work mainly because they have to; in these days of inflation and luxurious living, only one income per family is simply not enough to live on. So American women actually have two jobs: one nine-to-five position outside the home, and the other round-the-clock in-the-home job such as wife, housemaid, cook and nurse.（One of the main goals of the modern women's liberation movement, which started in the early 1960s, was to eliminate sex discrimination in the work force, and to open up opportunities for women that were previously reserved for men. And though there is still a long way to go, a lot of progress has been made.）二，（success）Success in life depends to a great extent on what we mean by success.To some people money is the only real indication (象征) of achievement in the modern world. Their evaluation of success is based on the state of their bank balance and the power that goes with it. Their life is devoted to making money and they are at aloss to understand people whose ideas are different from their own.There are people, however, who consider their lives successful if they are doing what they enjoy doing though it may not bring them ,any great financial (财政)reward. A man who spends his time gardening might consider himself successful if the flowers blossomed and his trees gave fruit. Nursing, teaching, running a Youth Club all bring their own kind of success to those interested in them.Success can be found in painting a picture nobody will ever see, sailing a boat, watching the stars, collecting stamps---almost anything that involve personal efforts. The great thing is to believe that success is not necessarily public.三，（the people way of seeing things）The way we see things is affected by what we know or what we believe. For those who believed in the physical existence of Hell in middle ages, the sight of fire must have meant something different from what it means today. Nevertheless their idea of hell owed a lot to the sight of fire consuming and theashes remaining as well as to their experience of the pain of burns.We only see what we look at. To look is an act of choice. As a result of this act, what we see is brought within our reach, though not necessarily within arm's reach. T o touch something is to situate oneself in relation to it. We never look at just one thing; we are always looking at the relation between things and ourselves. Our vision is continually active, continually moving, continually holding things in a circle around itself.（Soon after we can see, we are aware that we can also be seen. The eye of others combines with our own eye to make itfully clear that we are part of the visible world.）四EducationSome people may say that it is energy that makes the world to go round, / but in my opinion there is something else which is equally important. / That is education. / Education makes it possible to pass on / the invaluable knowledge of our ancestors and, at the same time, / makes it easier to explore the contemporary world. / Most great inventions have been brought about by educated people. / So we can say that education makes the world go round. /A poorly educated nation can never be a rich one. / The most advanced countries in the world all place great emphasis on education. / Nations which have a low percentage of educated people can, / in most cases, barely produce the basic necessities of life, / let alone develop their science, technology and economics. / Such nations are facing the possibility of extinction in this highly developed world. / Therefore, education cannot be emphasized enough in a developing country.Old AgeMany people mistakenly believe that old age is a time of increased illness and loneliness. / In fact, people do not suddenly change / when they reach the age of 60 or 65. / Consequently, we should not expect more mental illness / among the 60 to 70 age group than among the 50 to 60. / Furthermore, also more parents and their married children live in separate households than ever before, / this is usually by choice. / It is not because children now tend to neglect their parents / when they become old. /It is also wrong to believe that old age seriously affects a person’s mental abilities. / There is clear proof that people whowere eager to learn and who welcomed new experiences in their old age, / continue to do so in old age. / It is true that older people tend to take longer to learnsomething new than young people. / Nevertheless, if they are given sufficient time, / they learn as well as young people do.Being UnemployedMost people are much more frightened by being unemployed than they need to be. / Being unemployed certainly has disadvantages, / but there are good things about it too. / One advantage is that you don’t have to get up early to work in the rush hour. / You can stay in bed as long as you like, / and there is plenty of time to read the newspaper / and have a leisurely breakfast. / But the best thing of all is that you are your own boss / and there is no one to tell you what to do and when to do it. / One drawback of being unemployed i s that you haven’t got much money coming in—/ having a job at least enables you to save a lot of money to go on holiday. / On the other hand, when you are unemployed, / you needn’t go on holiday / because you are on holiday already. / In fact, the main trouble is that you have to spend much time looking for a job.The Credit Card in the U.S.Today, more and more people in the U.S. are using credit cards / instead of money to buy what they need. / Almost anyone who has a steady income and a continuous work record / can apply for a credit card. /With a credit card, you can buy a car, eat a dinner, take a trip, / and even get a haircut by charging the cost to your account. / In this way, you can pay for purchases a month or two later. / Or you may choose to spread out your payments over several months / and pay only part of the total amount each month. /With a credit card, you don’t have to carry much cash / and you don’t have to be concerned about losing your money through carelessness or theft. / The card user only has to worry about paying the final bill. / This of course can be a problem / if you charge more than you can pay for.World “no tabacco day”People in all part of the world are observing “no tobacco day”it is the day when the world organization ap peals to people to stop using tabacco products.The WTO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or chewing tabacco for one day,they will stop ///// the day induces special observances awards ceremonies in 166 countries ,health expertsBritan humorJokes that make one country laugh out loud are likely to leave another country.country confused and slient,but humor can also be very reavling if not always funny.after all.jokes are ofen just another way of expressing.in britain if you are successful or powerful,you will probally become the subject of a joke in a popular magazine .this magazine has been poking fun of the great and the good in britain life for the last 35 years.and its victims will admit to reaching it and laughing with it.one of the most eduring types of humor is satire.this is a art of making fun of people in positions power ,。
专四dictation历年
Dictation 历年考题1992Peperless World 无纸的世界1993Package Holidays 报团旅游1994Change of the American Family 美国家庭的变迁1995Unidentified Flying Objects 不明飞行物1996Medicine Men of Indians: 北美印地安人医士。
风土人情类。
136字。
1997Legal Age for Marriage：婚姻法规。
社会文化类。
152字。
1998Railway Development in Western Countries：铁路发展。
社会发展类。
148字。
1999United Nations Day：联合国庆祝。
组织机构类。
148字。
2000What We Know About Language：人类语言。
语言文化类。
145字。
2001Characteristics of A Good Reader：阅读习惯。
教育学习类。
150字。
2002Disappearing Forests：森林资源减少。
环境保护类。
150字。
2003Salmon：鲑鱼介绍。
自然科学类。
147字。
2004Money：钱币起源。
知识文化类。
147字。
2005The Wrist Watch：手表起源。
知识文化类。
144字。
2006The Internet: 介绍网络的功能。
知识文化类2007Advertising：广告发展。
社会文化类。
136字。
2008Choosing a Career：如何选择职业。
155字。
2009New Years Eve：介绍新年前夜的庆祝。
风土人情类。
147字。
归纳:1.介绍人：1996 Medicine Men of Indians2.介绍节日庆典：1999 United Nations Day2010New Years Eve3.关于语言及学习：2000 What We Know About Language2001 Characteristics of A Good Reader4. 介绍社会现象：1992 Peperless World1993 Package Holidays1994 Change of the American Family2002 Disappearing Forests2006 The Internet2008 Choosing a Career5. 介绍某一事物：1997 Legal Age for Marriage1998 Railway Development in Western Countries2003Salmon （大马哈鱼的繁殖过程）2004Money （钱的各种形式及其发展）2005The Wrist Watch （手表如何成为常用佩戴物）2007 Advertising （广告在现代社会的表现形式和作用）Dictation评分标准1. 听写共分15小节，每节1分，扣分一律写在试卷右边的空白处。
Dictation综合英语听写
Dictation (Unit 3)Mother’s Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May. On this occasion, Mother usually receives greeting cards and gifts from her husband and children. For most mothers, the rarest and best gift is a day of rest. Often, families honor Mother by taking her out for dinner. In some households the husband and children take over meal preparations/so that Mom can spend a whole day away from the kitchen. Serving her breakfast in bed is another family ritual. Later in the day, parents may take their children to visit their grandparents. Flowers are an important part of the day. Mothers are often given corsages for the occasion, particularly if they are elderly.Unit 4 One of the world’s most deadly health problems is spreading to new places. The problem is heart disease and it is affecting more and more people in developing nations. For years heart disease has been the number one cause of death in most industrial nations. The disease has claimed more lives than cancer or accidents. Now the WHO has warned that heart disease has is increasing rapidly in almost every developing nation. Why is this happening? One reason is that people in developing nations are living longer. Another reason is hat many people have changed the way they live. They now eat more fat and salt and fewer fruits and vegetables.Unit 5In order to learn to be one’s true self, it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world; critically to inquire into it; carefully consider it; clearly to analyze it; and earnestly to carry it out.It matters not what you learn, but when you once learn a thing, you must never give it up until you have thoroughly understood it. It matters not what you try to think of, but when you once try to think of a thing, you must never give it up until you have done it thoroughly and well.If another man succeeds by one effort, you will use a hundred efforts. If another man succeeds by ten efforts, you will use a thousand.Unit 6About this time/ I found out the use of a key./ One morning I locked my mother up in the pantry, / where she was obliged to remain three hours. / She kept knocking on the door, / while I sat outside on the porch steps and laughed. / This naughty behavior of mine / convinced my parents / that I must be taught as soon as possible. / After my teacher came to me, / I sought an early opportunity / to lock her up in her room. / I could not be induced to tell / where the key was. / My father had to get a ladder / and take the teacher out through the window. / Months later, I produced the key.Unit 7Our boat floated on, / between walls of forest. / Nowhere did we find a place where we could have landed. / In any case, / what would we have got by landing? / The country was full of snakes / and other dangerous animals, and the forest was so thick / that one would be able to advance only slowly, / cutting one’s way with knives the whole day. / We live on fish, / caught with a homemade net of string, / and any fruit and nuts / we could pick up out of the water. / As we had no fire, / we had to eat everything uncooked, / including the fish. / As for water, / there was choice: we could drink the muddy river water, or die of thirst.Unit 8I believe my father is a talented man. / He is decisive and efficient in doing things. / By his own talents and efforts, / he has secured for the family a good social position / and a comparatively rich life. / People of all fields come to my house, / and from them I have gained lots of valuable social experience / and seen a lot of joys and sorrows of the world.But at home he is a harsh parent. / He has high expectations of me. / When I am idling away my time, / I can see that it hurts him deeply. / When I am doing something great, / such as writing a book, / he is more than excited. / With such a father, / I always remind myself that I must go on and on, never give up.Unit 9It’s that time of the year again, / when the entertainment world gets excited about the Oscars / and the madness that surrounds Hollywood’s biggest night of the year. / Everybody has an opinion / on which film should take home the Best Picture Prize / and who should walk away with the statuettes for Best Actor and Best Actress. / But it’s only after the ceremony is over / that the real analysis begins. / People commented on the acceptance speeches, / rate the host on his or her performance, / and examine all attendees closely, / from their hairstyle right down to their socks.Unit 10It is simple enough to say / that since books have classes / --- fiction, biography, poetry / ---we should separate them / and take from each what it is right / that each should give us. / Yet few people ask from books / what books can give us. / Most commonly we come to books / with blurred and divided minds, / asking of fiction that it shall be true, / of poetry that it shall be false, / of biography that it shall be flattering, / of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. / If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, / that would be an admirable beginning. / Do not dictate to your authors: / try to become him. ? /Be his fellow-worker and accomplice.Unit 11After the war our church was in a very bad condition. / So we decided to build a modern one /at the top of a hill outside our town./ We used a lot of money and bought all the necessary materials. / We built the walls of stone and glass, / and the heavy doors of wood and metal. / It was one of the most attractive buildings in town / when it was completed. / From the top of the church there is a wonderful view. / You can see the entire town and countryside / for miles around. / People from all parts of the country / come and visit the church everyday.Unit 12A major topic of sociolinguistics / is the connection, if any, / between the structures, vocabularies, / and ways of using particular languages / and the social roles of the men and women / who speak these languages. / Do the men and women who speak a particular language / use it in different ways? If they do, / do these differences arise from the structure of that language, / or alternately, / do any differences that exist /simply reflect the ways / in which the sexes relate to each other in that society, / whatever the reason?/ These issues have generated / a considerable amount of thought and discussion / in the last decades of the twentieth century.Unit 13For a lot of people, / the word “failure” carries with it / a feeling of coming to an end, / but for the successful leader, /failure is a beginning, / a seed of hope. / Leaders don’t allow themselves / to be held prisoner by the fear of failure. / They don’t even use the word “failure,” /instead they rely on words like “false start,” never “failure.”The lesson understood by captains of industry / is that failure equals learning. / While we can’t say that they exactly welcome failure, / they are uniform in their ability to profit from it. / They use the healthy energy coming from failure / to reach higher goals. / Almost every “false step” is regarded as an opportunity / and not as the end of the world.Unit 14Broadly speaking, / the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person/ who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. / In the presence of strangers or foreigners / he often seems shy, / even embarrassed. / You have only to witness a commuter train any morning or evening / to see the truth of this. / Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers/ or dozing in a corner; / no one speaks. / In fact, / to do so would seem most unusual. / An English wit, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, / once suggested, / “On entering a railway compartment/ shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, / he was not being serious. / There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior / which, if broken, / makes the person immediately the object of suspicion.。
专四听力之DICTATION
解题技巧
对于涉及时间、数字等容易混淆的信息，要特别注意听 清并记录下来。
对于不确定的题目，可以先标记出来，等听完所有题目 后再进行判断。
05
专四听力Dictation的常见考 点和难点
数字和时间的听写
总结词
数字和时间的听写是Dictation部分常见的考点，要求考生快速、准确地捕捉并记录相 关信息。
填空题
总结词：填空题是Dictation中常见的 题型，要求考生根据听到的内容填写
缺失的单词或短语。
解题技巧
提前浏览题目，了解空格的数量和大 致内容，以便在听录音时更有针对性 地捕捉信息。
注意空格前后的词汇和上下文语境， 有助于推测缺失的词汇或短语。
听录音时，注意捕捉关键词和语调， 以确定正确的单词或短语。
详细描述
对于人名和地名的听写，考生应熟悉常见的人名、地名及其对应的英文表达方 式。同时，在听写过程中，考生应保持专注，尽量捕捉每个音节，并注意区分 相似发音的单词。
长句子的听写和理解
总结词
长句子的听写和理解是Dictation部分最具有挑战性的考点，要求考生在有限的时间内准确捕捉句子的意思并记录 下来。
词汇积累
扩大词汇量，特别注意常用场景 词汇和学科词汇的掌握。
听力技巧
学会预测答案，通过上下文推测 生词含义，抓住关键信息和细节。
精听与泛听结合
精听有助于提高听懂率，泛听则 有助于提高反应速度。
练习书写速度和准确性
限时训练
在规定时间内完成Dictation练习，提高书写速度。
自我检查与修正
对照原文检查自己的答案，找出错误并修正。
专四听力之Dictation
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第三册单词表
deviate第一单元单词vt. 使偏离, 脱离vi. 违背,偏离n. 叛离者,偏差, 不正常的人或物adj. 离经叛道的preclude vt. 排除；妨碍；阻止premier n. 总理, 首相adj. 第一的, 首位的, 最初的whereby adv. 借此(在...旁,凭什么)civic adj. 公民的, 市民的, 城市的patriotic adj. 爱国的clear-cut adj. 轮廓鲜明的, 清晰的n. 林木被伐光的林地v. 皆伐inhibit vt. &vi. 禁止,抑制[计算机] 禁止scholarly adj. 学究气的，学者派头的名词scholar的形容词idiot n. 白痴bypass vt. 绕开, 忽视n. 支路，旁道persecution n. 迫害,烦扰misfortune n. 不幸, 灾祸glamor n. 魅力，吸引力=glamour(英)glamorous adj. 富有魅力的,迷人的tragic adj. 悲剧的, 悲惨的spur n. 马刺, 刺激, 鞭策, 支脉, (公路或铁路的)支线, vt. 以马刺策(马)前进, 刺激, 激励, 给(马)装马刺optimism n.&adj. 乐观,乐观主义dedication n. 奉献,献词,献堂礼commend vt. 推荐，嘉奖，把……托付给vi. 推荐uphold v. 支撑, 赞成, 鼓励endeavor n. 努力, 尽力, 进取心vt. 努力,尽力vi. 企图, 谋求statesman n. 政治家, 国务活动家diligent adj. 勤奋的, 用功的pursuit n. 追求, 追赶, 工作ranch n. 牧场prestige n. 威望,声望circuit n. 电路,一圈,巡回vt. &vi. 巡回unprecedented adj. 空前的,前所未有的nominate vt. 提名, 指派, 登记赛马参加比赛appoint vt. 任命,指定,预约,装饰vi. 行使任命权abortion n. 流产,堕胎expend v. 花费,消耗,支出threat n. 威胁, 凶兆inward adj. 内心的,里面的向内的，亲密的adv. 向内n.内部，内在robust adj. 强壮的,强健的,粗野的,需要体力的,浓的slack n. 松弛的部分, 松散, 淡季, 中止adj. 松弛的, 不流畅的vt. 使缓慢, 疏忽vi. 变松弛, 逃避工作transcend v. 超越handicap n. 障碍赛,障碍vt. 加障碍物,妨碍feat n. 壮举,功绩,技艺表演Remove from 除掉，迁移deviate from vt. 脱离(偏离, 背离)preclude from v. 阻止, 妨碍write off n. 勾销(很快地写好,报废,完全无用)fail in vt. 在……上失败，变弱triumph over v. 战胜in pursuit of 追求, 寻求act as 担任，充当fall down 跌倒，失败stricken adj. 被打中的, 被击伤的, 受灾的, 受侵袭的prospective adj. 未来的, 预期的destined adj. 命中注定的, 去往... 的destine的过去式和过去分词jockey n. 赛马的骑师, 驾驶员, 操作工vt. 骑马，驾驶（操作），瞒骗, 骗人使做... vi. 当骑士骑马，运用手段谋利celebrity n. 名人, 著名,著名人士, 名声, 名誉, 社会名流indulge vt. 纵情于,放任,迁就vi. 放纵自己于...masterpiece n. 杰作aggravate vt. 使...恶化,使...更严重vt. [口]激怒scorn n. 轻蔑, 被叱责的人v. 轻蔑, 不屑做nonetheless adv. 尽管如此(仍然) conj. 尽管如此(仍然)renowned adj. 有名的, 有声誉的enterprise n. 企业,企划,进取心layout n. 布局, 安排, 设计dubious adj. 怀疑的,可疑的straw n. 稻草, 麦杆, 吸管adj. 用稻草做的, 用来作稻草的, 麦杆色的, 无价值的, 象稻草人的, 非正式民意测验所发现的xpertise n. 专家的意见,专门技术blunt adj. 迟钝的,钝的,直接的vt.& vi. 使变钝n. 混了大麻的雪茄bluntly adv. 钝, 迟钝地, 直率地bust n. 半身像,胸部,萧条,破产vt. &vi. 打碎adore v. 崇拜,爱慕,喜爱persuasive adj. 有说服力的n. 动机(诱因)cater vi. 备办食物,迎合vt. 为(宴会等)提供餐饮服务overtime n. 加班时间(加班加点费) adv. 在规定时间之外(超出时间地)posture n. 姿势,态度,情形vt. 作...姿势vi. 做姿势,摆架子panel n.镶板；面；（门、墙等上面的）嵌板；控制板vt.选定（陪审团）；把…分格；在…上置鞍垫；把…镶入框架内disciplined adj. 受过训练的，遵守纪律的动词discipline的过去式和过去分词alleviate vt. 减轻,使...缓和doom n. 命运,不幸,宣告,判决vt. 命中注定,宣告murmur n. 低语,低声的抱怨,[医]心区杂音v. 低语,低声抱怨frantic adj. 疯狂的, 狂乱的grin v. 露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑n. 露齿笑blink vi. 眨眼,闪烁,屈服,视若无睹vt. 使眨眼,尽力用眨眼来遮掩（尤指眼泪),拒绝承认或面对, 用闪光灯传送信号n. 眨眼,闪光,一瞬间hoist n. 升高,起重机,推动v. 升起,升高,举起flip vt. 掷, 弹, 轻击vi. 翻转n. 空翻，浏览adj. 无礼的, 冒失的, 轻率的eloquent adj. 雄辩的, 有口才的, 动人的rap n. 轻敲,拍击,责骂,厉声说出,说唱音乐,谈话,最少量vi. 轻敲, 敲门,表演说唱音乐, 畅谈vt.抓,抢,拍击mingle vt. 混合vi. 联合, 交际dazzle v. 使眼花，使惊奇，目眩，耀眼n. 耀眼的光，令人惊叹的事物applause n. 鼓掌, 喝彩, 赞许propel v. 推进, 驱使icon n. 肖像, 偶像, 象征, 图符[计算机] 图标,图符destined to 注定，肯定会，将会serve as vt. 担任(充当, 起...的作用)wrapped up in 酷爱take on 承担,接受,从事,较量,开始雇用,呈现work overtime 加班hang out vi. 挂出，闲逛，（俚语）居住soak up 吸收, 摄取in anticipation of 预期, 预料on air 正在广播, 正在播出第二单元单词transcontinental adj. 横贯大陆的,大陆那边的briefcase n. 公文包lofty adj. 高的, 高超的, 傲慢的paperback n. 纸封面本, 普及本, 平装书altitude n. 高度,海拔,高地vertical adj. 垂直的,顶点的,纵向的n. 垂直物, 垂直的位置tilt vi. 倾斜；翘起；以言词或文字抨击vt. 使倾斜；使翘起n. 倾斜turbulence 动荡n. 喧嚣, 狂暴, 骚乱, 湍流evaporate v. 蒸发, 失去水分, 消失abort v. 流产, 打胎, 堕胎sober adj. 冷静的，清醒的；未醉的vt. 使严肃；使醒酒，使清醒sobering adj. 严峻的;令人深思的;令人头脑清醒的scramble n. 攀爬,混乱,紧急起飞vt. 胡乱抓取,混杂,扰乱vi. 乱抓,争抢,杂乱地生长,紧急起飞instantaneous adj. 瞬间的, 即刻的adv. 瞬间, 霎时hysterical adj. 歇斯底里的, 异常兴奋的stun vt. 使晕倒,使惊吓n. 震惊vulnerable adj. 易受伤害的, 有弱点的grim adj. 冷酷的；糟糕的；残忍的proximity n. 接近,亲近overhear v. 无意中听到, 偷听underlie v. 位于...之下, 成为...的基础evoke vt. 唤起,引起imperative n. 命令, 诫命, 需要adj. 命令式的, 急需的cabin n. 船舱,机舱,小木屋vt. 抑制vi. 住在小屋brace n. 支柱,曲柄,大括号vt. 绷紧,顶住,（为困难或坏事）做准备,使更为坚固vi. 振作精神,做好准备fabulous adj.极好的，极妙的；（美貌）惊人的；寓言般的；难以置信的invaluable adj. 无价的intent n. 意图,目的,意向, 含义adj. 专心的,决心的,热心的relish n. 滋味, 享受, 爱好, 调味品vt. 加调味料, 享受, 品味vi. 有滋味hover vi. 盘旋,翱翔,徘徊n. 盘旋,翱翔,徘徊strap n. 绳, 皮带, 镣铐, 皮鞭vt. 用绳索捆扎, 系住, 鞭笞, 磨快wreckage n. 失事, 破坏, 破减, 残骸glide n. 滑动, 滑过, 流水v. 滑动, 滑翔, 溜走destiny n. 命运dread n. 恐惧, 可怕的人, 可怕的事adj. 可怕的, 可怖的v. 恐惧, 害怕descent n. 下落,家世,倾斜,侵袭settle back vi. 仰坐on board 在船（车或飞机）上in the event of adj. 倘若(万一,如果发生,倘使)in position 在适当的位置, 在原位for sure adv. 确定(毫无疑问)waterproof adj. 防水的，耐水的n. 防水材料（英）雨衣vt. 使...能防水jetty n. 突堤, 防波堤, 码头vi. 伸出adj. 黑玉般的, 墨黑的, 漆黑的notorious adj. 臭名昭著的hop n. 单脚跳,跳跃vi. 单脚跳,跳跃,着手做某事vt. 跳跃,跃过oust v. 逐出, 夺取feeble adj. 虚弱的, 无力的recede vi. 后退,减弱vt. 撤回deem v. 认为, 相信pathetic adj. 可怜的，悲哀的；感伤的；乏味的mob n. 暴民, 民众, 暴徒v. 大举包围, 乱挤, 围攻gasp n. 喘气v. 喘气, 喘息, 渴望catastrophe n. 大灾难,大祸,彻底失败tide n. 潮,趋势,潮流vt. 使...随潮漂流vi. 涌动bleak adj. 萧瑟的,严寒的,阴郁的tow n. 拖, 拖曳所用之绳, 麻的粗纤维v. 拖, 曳intervene vi. 插入,介入,干涉,调停[计算机] 介入appraise vt. 评价,估价,鉴定symptom n. 症状, 征兆underestimate n. 低估v. 低估midst n. 中间, 当中prep. (=amidst)在...当中paralyze vt. 使...瘫痪, 使目瞪口呆impromptu adj. 即席的, 即兴的adv. 即兴的(地), 无准备的(地)ridge n. 脊, 山脊, 山脉whirl v. 使...旋转,急转，回旋，迅速移动n. 回旋, 旋转，繁忙，混乱，尝试athletic adj. 运动的,活跃的,健壮的dismay n. 沮丧, 绝望vt. 使...灰心,使...惊愕batter n. 面糊,打击手vt. 打坏,猛击,从下而上向后倾斜vi. 猛击vicious adj. 恶毒的, 恶意的, 凶残的, 剧烈的, 严重的clarity n. 清楚, 透明paw n. 手掌, 手爪v. 以蹄扒地, 笨拙地使用, 费力地前进derail vt. 使出轨，阻碍，扰乱vi. 出轨perish vt. 毁减,死亡vi. 毁灭forcibly adv. 强行地，强烈地escort n. 护送者, 护卫者, 护航舰vt. 护卫, 护送，伴游practicable adj. 可实行的, 可做的, 可用的brink n. 边缘,边沿,界限ascend v. 上升, 攀登salvation n. 得救,拯救,赎罪hug n. 紧抱,拥抱vt. 紧抱,固执,挨着, 停靠vi. 紧抱, 紧紧靠着weary adj. 疲倦的,厌烦的vt.& vi. 疲倦,厌烦,生厌black out vt. 用墨等涂掉(熄灭灯光,眼前发黑,查禁)pop out 突然出去, 突出stop short v.突然停止plow through 艰难地通过throw oneself into adj. 热心投身于(开始努力干) make one's way 一路前进,向前let oneself go v. 情不自禁，尽情发泄grab at vt. 抓住(抓牢)noteworthy第三单元单词adj. 值得注意的domain n. 领域[计算机] 域portray v. 描写,描写...的肖像,逼真地描写exemplary adj. 可仿效的,可做模范的ambassador n. 大使brutality n. 残忍, 无慈悲, 野蛮的行为captive n. 俘虏, 迷恋者adj. 被俘的, 被迷住的dart n. 飞镖,投射,突进vt. 快速投掷, 使突然移动vi. 疾走, 飞奔huddle n. 杂乱一团, 混乱, 拥挤v. 推挤, 乱堆, 草率了事foul adj. 恶臭的,污秽的,邪恶的,下流的vt. 弄脏,妨碍,污蔑,阻塞,犯规vi.腐败,犯规adv. 不正当地n. 缠绕,犯规anonymous adj. 匿名的,无名的,没特色的refugee n. 难民, 流亡者fragile adj. 易碎的,脆的,精细的fragility n.脆弱,虚弱afflict vt. 使苦恼,折磨immigrant n. 移民, 侨民adj. 移民的rigorous adj. 严厉的,严酷的,严格的,细致的compliment n. 称赞,恭维,(复数)致意vt. 称赞,恭维humanitarian n. 人道主义者, 博爱者, 基督凡人论者adj. 人道主义的, 博爱的, 相信基督为凡人的divorce n. 离婚v. 与...办离婚jeopardize vt. 危害,使受危困,使陷危地paradise n. 天堂conscientious adj. 审慎正直的,认真的,本着良心的diplomat n. 外交家，外交官；有外交手腕的人；处事圆滑机敏的人cozy adj. 舒适的embark vt. &vi. 乘船,着手,从事outreach n. 能达到的范围vt. 比...到达更远, 超过drought n. 干旱beneficiary n. 受惠者,受益人wicked adj. 邪恶的；恶劣的；不道德的；顽皮的misery n. 痛苦,悲惨的境遇,苦难ideology n. 观念学, 空论, 意识形态integral adj. 构成整体所必需的,完整的n. [数学] 积分, 完整, 部分sacred adj. 神圣的,受尊重的cherish vt. 珍爱,抚育,珍藏serene adj. 安详的,宁静的,平静的gracious adj. 亲切的, 高尚的perpetual adj. 永恒的,永久的,一再往复的signify v. 象徵, 预示majesty n. 威严；最高权威，王权；雄伟；权威poise n. 平衡,姿势,镇静,悬空vt. 使...平衡,为...做准备,保持...姿势vi. 做准备,盘旋take captive v.活捉,俘虏hold captive vt. 活捉(俘虏)turn down 关小，调低,拒绝embark on 上（船、飞机等），从事，着手share in v.分享,分担live on vi. 靠...过活(以...为主食)tuck n. 缝摺,船尾突出部下方,食品,鼓声vt. 打摺,卷起,挤进,畅饮vi. 缝褶裥,缩拢,畅饮immerse vt. 浸,陷入legitimate adj. 合法的, 正当的, 合理的, 世袭的vt. 使合法, 授权, 宣布...为合法footage n. 以尺计算长度, 尺数, 影片的镜头simulate v. 假装,冒充,模仿,模拟miniature n. 缩图,小画像adj. 小规模的,纤小的spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船populate v. 构成人口, 居住于terrific adj. 极好的,非常的,极度的premiere v. 初次公演, 初演主角intuition n. 直觉, 直觉的知识setback n. 顿挫,挫折,退步turbulent adj.骚乱的，混乱的；激流的，湍流的；吵闹的；强横的carefree adj. 无忧无虑的,不负责的conspicuous adj. 显著的,显而易见的, 显眼的eccentric n. 怪人adj. 古怪的, 反常的shun v. 避开, 规避, 避免mock n. 嘲笑,戏弄,模仿adj. 假的,伪造的vt. 嘲弄,模仿,轻视vi. 嘲弄temperament n. 气质, 性质, 性情revert vi. 恢复,复归,回到furious adj. 狂怒的, 猛烈的infect vt. 传染,感染strive v. 努力,奋斗,力争formidable adj. 强大的, 可怕的, 难对付的endorse vt. 背书；认可；签署；赞同；在背面签名academician n. 学者, 大学教师, 知识分子,学会会员mount n. 山峰,乘用马,框,衬纸vi. 增长,骑上(马) vt. 提升,爬上,装备lens n. 镜头,透镜manifest n. 载货单,运货单,旅客名单adj. 显然的,明白的vt. 显示, 证实, 出示sabotage n. 怠工,破坏活动,破坏vt. 从事破坏活动,妨害,破坏withhold vt. &vi. 扣留,保留,抑制contrive vt. 1. (不顾困难地)促成某事2. 巧妙地策划；精巧地制造（如机器）vi.1. (不顾困难而) 设法做到(正式)rectify vt. 订正,矫正,改正divert vt. 转移,使欢娱vi. 转移discreet adj. 谨慎的pretext n. 借口smuggle v. 偷运,走私,私运discrete adj. 不连续的离散的[计算机] 分离离散upgrade vt. 提高(上升,浓集,加强) n. 提高(上升,浓集,加强)plot n. 阴谋, 情节，图, (小块)土地，v. 绘图, 密谋, 计划，标示位置awesome adj. 令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的debut n. 初次登场vt.&vi. 初次登场notable adj. 显著的, 著名的n. 名人coincidence adj. 同时发生的n. 巧合skeptical adj. 怀疑的onward adj. 向前的, 前进的adv. 向前, 前进, 在先end with 以... 结束be related to 与...有关on one's own adv.独自地,独立地,主动地stand fast v.不后退,不让步groan第四单元单词v. 呻吟console vt. 安慰,慰藉n. 仪表盘,操控台,(游戏)平台consolation n. 安慰,令人安慰的事物burdensome adj. 负担的, 恼人的, 艰难的airborne adj. 空运的, 空中传播的,空降的dense adj. 不易看透的, 密集的, 浓厚的, 愚钝的mall n. 林荫大道,商业街,购物商场cluster n. 串,丛,群v. 聚合,成串,丛生,使...聚集globalize vt. 使...全球化luncheon n. 午宴, 正式的午餐anniversary n. 周年纪念(日)decidedly adv. 断然，果断地, 明确地, 毫无疑问corporate adj.社团的, 法人的, 共同的, 全体的compulsory adj. 被强制的,强迫的,义务的offset n. 抵销,支派,平版印刷,弯管vt. 弥补,抵销,用平版印刷vi. 形成分支tropical adj. 热带的, 炎热的, 热带植物的aviation n. 航空n.飞机制造业hemisphere n. 半球irony n. 反讽, 讽剌, 讽剌之事stubborn adj. 顽固的, 倔强的，难对付的contemplate vt. 注视,沉思,打算saturate v. 使渗透, 浸, 使饱和adj. 浸透的, 饱度高的, 深颜色的finite adj. 有限的literal adj. 逐字的, 字面上的, 文字的[计算机] 文字的prose adj. 散文的n. 散文verse n. 诗,韵文,诗节vi. 作诗vt. 诗化,在诗中表现,对...熟悉cognitive adj. 认知的,认识的,有认识力的imprison v. 使...下狱,关闭,拘禁mundane adj. 世俗的，平凡的；世界的，宇宙的exotic adj. 异国的,外来的,奇异的,脱衣舞的n. (复数)异国风格的事物,脱衣舞者endow vt. 捐助,赋予,使具有某种品质trivial adj. 琐碎的, 不重要的multicultural adj. (融合或具有)多种文化的ambiguity n. 不明确,含糊,暧昧,模棱两可circumference n. 圆周, 周围, 胸围latitude n. 纬度，界限,自由选择权longitude n. 经度renaissance n. 文艺复兴,再生facet n. 小平面, 方面, 刻面insular adj.海岛的；孤立的；与世隔绝的；岛民的drawback n. 不利点,退税jet lag n. 飞行时差反应，时差感cornerstone n. 隅石，奠基石on sale 出售, 廉价出售trade for vt. 作价补钱买mingle with 混和be open to 对... 开放的, 易受... 的more often than往往, 多半notsolo n. 独奏,独唱adj. 单独的adv. 单独地vt. &vi. 放单飞, 单独表演aesthetics n. 美学，审美学fragrant adj. 芬香的,馥郁的,愉快的venerable adj. 庄严的, 值得尊敬的chunk n. 厚块（片）, 相当大的量，矮胖的人或物vt. （高尔夫球）没击中vi.发出猛冲的声音locomotive n. 火车头, 机关车adj. 运转的, 火车头的, 移动的notation n. 记号法,表示法,注释[计算机] 记法onset n. 攻击, 进攻, 肇端zigzag n. 曲折, 之字形adj. 曲折的, 锯齿形的adv. 曲折地, 成锯齿形地vt. 使曲折vi. 曲折前行multinational adj. 多国的, 多种国籍的n. 多国籍公司, 跨国公司conceive vt. &vi. 构思,以为,怀孕inconceivable adj. 不可思议的reckless adj. 不计后果的,大意的,鲁莽的isolation n. 隔离, 孤立susceptible n. 易受影响者,易受感染者adj. 易受影响的,易感动的,容许booklet n. 小册子feast n. 宴会,酒席,节会vt. &vi. 款宴,享乐,请客bilingual adj. 双语的,用两种语言表达或书写的downside n. 下降趋势（价格方面），消极面, 负面grope v.(暗中)摸索, 探索illicit adj. 非法的, 禁止的, 不正当的menace n. 威胁, 胁迫v. 威吓, 胁迫snore n. 鼾声v. 打鼾mow v. 割（草、麦等）, 扫射, 皱眉n. 草堆, 谷物堆lawnmower n. 割草机irritate vt.& vi. 激怒,使...发怒, 使疼痛或发炎perplex v. 使...困惑, 使...更复杂, 使...为难safeguard n. 保卫,保护措施或条款v. 保卫,保护suppress vt. 镇压,使...止住,禁止wagon n. 四轮马车,货车vt.& vi. 用四轮马车运ethnic adj. 民族的，种族的，有民族特色的n. 少数民族的一员tissue n. (动、植物的)组织,薄的纱织品，餐巾纸,手巾纸ample adj. 充足的,丰富的,宽敞的swap n. 交换vt. &vi. 交换,用...作交易folklore n. 民俗学, 民间风俗, 民间传说credible adj. 可信的, 可靠的upfront adj. 在前面的, 预付的, 直率的adv 在前面, 在最前面endanger vt. 危及，危害caution n. 警告,戒备措施,慎重,吸引人眼球的物品或人vt. 警告presume vt. 姑且认定，假定，推测，认为是理所当然vi. 假设，越权行事disregard n. 不理会, 漠视vt. 忽视, 不顾neutral adj. 中立的,中性的n. 中立者,空挡的,素净色bureaucrat n. 官僚作风的人, 官僚, 官僚政治论者despise vt. 轻视constrain vt.强迫；强使；限制；约束sensational adj. 使人感动的, 非常好的, 轰动的, 耸人听闻的take off 脱掉；起飞；（使）离开；突然成功throw caution tothe wind把理智抛至脑后；鲁莽行事；恣意妄为watch out for v. 戒备, 提防, 密切注意open mind 思想开放，无先入之见degrade第五单元单词vt. 贬低；使……丢脸；使……降级；使……降解vi. 降级，降低；退化adverse adj. 不利的；有害的；反面的conform vt. 使一致,遵守,使顺从vi. 一致,符合revenue n. 总收入; 财政收入, 税收n. 税务局polar adj. 两极的,南辕北辙的,极地的n. 极线,极性pastime n. 消遣,娱乐coincide v. 与...一致,符合,暗合voluntary adj. 自愿的, 志愿的n. (教堂礼拜仪式前后或进行期间的)乐器独奏designate adj. 指定的vt. 指定,选派,标明correlate n. 有相互关系的东西, 相关物v. 使有相互关系, 互相有关系esteem n. 尊敬vt. 认为,尊敬greenhouse n. 温室, 暖房mayor n. 市长prone adj. 俯卧的, 易于...的, 有...倾向的dedicate vt. 献出,提献辞,致力于autonomy n. 自治precision n. 精确,精密度adj. 以精准的执行而著称的, 经得起极精细测量的foster adj. 收养的,养育的v. 养育,抚育,培养n. (Foster)人名；(英、捷、意、葡、法、德、俄、西)福斯特incentive adj. 刺激的, 鼓励的n. 刺激, 鼓励, 动机livelihood n. 生计, 营生, 生活gauge n. 测量标准,轨距,口径,直径,测量仪器vt. 测量,估计,判断commonplace adj. 平凡的, 陈腐的n. 常事, 老生常谈, 普通的东西innovation n. 创新, 革新automate v. 自动化vt. 使自动化upcoming adj. 即将来临的, 预定将要medieval adj. 中世纪的aristocrat n. 贵族，有贵族气派的人，最优秀者aristocracy n. 贵族,贵族社会,高级知识份子refrain n. 重复, 叠句, 副歌v. 节制, 避免, 克制addictive adj. 使人上瘾的gossip n. 闲聊,随笔vi. 散播流言蜚语extravagant adj. 奢侈的,浪费的,过度的,大量的toxic adj. 有毒的n. 有毒物质array n. 数组,(陈)排列,大批,一系列vt. 排列,布署,打扮diversion n. 转向, 转移, 娱乐活动hurl n. 用力的投掷v. 用力投掷, 愤慨地说出, 丢下suffice vi. 足够,合格vt. 使...足够apt adj. 恰当的；有…倾向的；灵敏的aptly adv. 适当地, 适宜地，巧妙地monetary adj. 货币的,金融的optimum n. 最适宜adj. 最适宜的simultaneous adj. 同时发生的,同步的contend vi. 奋斗,斗争,辩论vt. 坚持认为,竞争slave away 像奴隶一样不停地干活count down (发射火箭等时)倒读数at hand adv. 在手边(在附近, 即将到来)contend with vt. 对付，与... 作斗争，和... 争夺hospitality n. 好客, 殷勤stitch n. 一针,疼痛,碎布条vt.& vi. 缝合entrust v. 信赖, 信托, 交托patch n. 片,补丁,碎片vt. 补缀,掩饰,平息spectacle n. 值得看的东西, 光景, 眼镜handicraft n. 手工艺, 手艺, 技巧specialty n. 专门,特别,特性,特产simplistic adj. 过分简单化的residential adj. 住宅的,与居住有关的absurd adj. 荒唐的n. 荒唐bias n. 偏见，斜纹vt. 使偏心gleam n. 微弱的闪光, 瞬息的一现v. 闪烁, 隐约地闪现utilize vt. 利用cordial n. 兴奋剂, 补品adj. 热忱的, 诚恳的, 兴奋的fellowship n. 友谊，团体，会员资格，奖学金thereafter adv. 其后, 从那时以后linger vt. 消磨, 无所事事vi. 逗留,消磨,徘徊,漫步impart vt. 传授, 赋予, 告知stern n. 尾部,船尾adj. 严厉的,坚决的,可怖的charitable adj. 仁慈的, (为)慈善事业的,宽恕的oversee v. 向下看,了望,监督melody n. 旋律,曲子,美的音乐,曲调nickname n. 绰号, 昵称v. 给...取绰号, 叫错名字cobbler n. 补鞋匠referee n. 仲裁人,调解人,裁判员vt. &vi. 仲裁,裁判bully n. 欺凌弱小者,土霸,开球vt. 威胁,恐吓,欺负adj. 第一流的；特好的fury n. 愤怒, 狂暴, 狂怒的人n. 复仇女神vent n. 排气口, 表达, 发泄, 火山口vt.&vi. 发泄, 表达, 排放undutiful adj.未尽职的,不顺从的,不孝的sin n. 罪,罪孽,过失vi. 犯罪,违反rash adj. 轻率的；鲁莽的；不顾后果的n. [皮肤] 皮疹；突然大量出现的事物n. (Rash)人名；(英、以、阿拉伯)拉什ponder vt. &vi. 沉思,考虑fabric n. 织物, 布, 结构amend vt. 修正,改善,改良vi. 自我修正ensue v. 跟着发生，继起，因而产生pierce v. 刺穿, 穿透, 洞悉infectious adj. 传染的wretched adj. 可怜的, 不幸的, 卑鄙的，质量差的，恶劣的void n. 空虚,空白, 真空adj. 空的,缺乏的,无效的vt. 清空,释放,取消,离开vi. 排泄invariably adv. 不变化地, 一定不变地, 常常地stitch up vt. 缝合，缝补，接合live up to vt. 实行(达到预期标准,不辜负...的希望)drop in 顺便走访(某人)give out 分发come away 离开, 脱开hard on 对... 刻薄take pride in 以...自豪carry on 继续进行hum第六单元单词n. 嗡嗡声, 哼声, 杂声v. 发低哼声, 闭口哼歌, 嗡嗡叫int. 哼, 嗯meadow n. 草地, 牧场standpoint n. 立场, 观点gigantic adj. 巨大的radiate v. 放射, 散发, 辐射claw n. 爪,钳,螯,爪状物vt. &vi. 抓,撕tug n. 用力拉, 拖船v. 用力拉evacuate vt. &vi. 疏散, 撤出, 排泄convict n. 囚犯,罪犯v. 使...确信自己犯错,宣告...有罪,使...知罪tangle n. 纠纷；混乱状态vt. 使纠缠；处于混乱状态vi. 缠结；乱作一团innumerable adj. 无数的, 数不清的clasp n. 扣子, 钩, 紧握v. 扣紧, 紧握, 密切合作permeate v. 弥漫, 渗透, 普及casualty n. 变故,伤亡者,伤亡人数landmine n. 地雷ammunition n. 军火,弹药1) 弹药(2) 军火, 军需品(3) [喻]攻击[防御]手段(4) 投掷[射击]物flushed adj. 兴奋的;激动的appalling adj. 令人震惊的, 可怕的动词appall的现在分词形式blaze n. 火焰,烈火vi. 燃烧,发光vt. 燃烧,宣布,在树皮上刻痕,领导,开拓overturn v. 推翻, 颠覆n. 倾覆, 打翻, 革命massacre n. 大屠杀v. 大屠杀corpse n. 尸体pervasive adj. 普遍的,蔓延的,渗透的slum n. 贫民窟vi. 访问贫民区minimal adj. 最低限度的,最小的coverage n. 涉及范围(如保险范围或储备金额)，涂层，新闻覆盖率furnace n. 炉子,熔炉,闷热地带,严峻考验robbery n. 抢劫brood n. 窝v. 孵,沉思resident adj. 居住的n. 居民,旅客stray n. 走失的家畜,浪子adj. 迷途的,偶然的vi. 迷路,彷徨scrap n. 小片,残余物,废料,打架vt. 扔弃vi. 互相殴打edible n. 食品, 食物adj. 可食用的warehouse n. 仓库vt. 存入仓库summon vt. 召唤,召集,振奋jealous adj. 妒忌的,戒备的jealously adv. 妒忌地，警惕地residue n. 残渣,剩余,余数dilute vt. 冲淡,稀释adj. 冲淡的,稀释的,微弱的nutrition n. 营养naive adj. 天真的,幼稚的inflict vt. 施以,加害,使遭受, 折磨radiate from v. 自... 发出conceive of 构想出, 设想in the direction of adj. 朝...方向(沿...方向)stay down 蹲伏dive into (突然)投入，跳入fly at v.猛烈攻击next to nothing adv. 几乎没有(几无)huddle together v. 挤作一团orphan n. 孤儿adj. 无双亲的,孤儿的vt. 成孤儿essence n. 本质,精髓,要素,香精terrace n. 平台,阳台,梯田v. 使成阶地,使成梯田vt. 使成梯田cliff n. 悬崖, 峭壁scent n. 气味,香味,痕迹vt. 闻出,发觉,使充满味道,得到...的暗示vi. 嗅闻,循着遗臭追踪,散发气味crisp adj.脆的,易碎的n. 薯片,松脆物vt. &vi. 使发脆toast n. 烤(土司)面包, 干杯, 祝酒, 受敬酒的人等vt. 敬酒, 烤... vi. 烘烤fragrance n. 香味lieutenant n. 中尉, 助理人员, 副官battalion n. 营, 军队，大批dispatch n. 派遣；急件vt. 派遣；分派breast n. 胸脯,乳房vt. 挺胸迎...而上deploy vt. &vi. 展开,配置,部署timid adj. 胆怯的,害羞的wording n. 印字, 语法, 措词blush n. 脸红,外观vi. 泛红,羞愧brisk adj. 敏锐的, 凛冽的adj.活泼的, 活跃的, 快的sprinkle v. 洒, 散置, 微雨peanut n. 花生cookie n. 饼干clutch n. 爪子, 控制, 抓紧, 掌握, 离合器, 母鸡一次所孵的蛋, 一组, 关键时刻, 女式无带提包vt. 抓牢vi. 企图抓住, 踩汽车之离合器adj. 关键的, 致胜的henceforth adv. 今后giggle v. 吃吃地笑, 格格地笑aloft adv. 在高处, 在空中，在桅杆上prep. 在...上supervise vt. 监督,管理,指导freight n. 船货,运费,货运vt. 装货,运送,使充满（某种心情或口气）inventory n. 详细目录, 存货(清单) vt. 编制(详细目录)tag n. 标签,附属物,名称,谚语vt. 附以签条,尾随,添饰,指责,连接vi. 紧随,尾随radius n. 半径,桡骨,半径范围,辐射区vicinity n. 邻近,周边地区concise adj. 简明的, 简要的ascertain vt. 确定,探知,查明petition n. 祈求,请愿书,诉状vi. 请愿,祈求vt. 向...请愿或祈求guardian n. 保护人, 监护人straightforward adj. 笔直的, 率直的notwithstanding adv. 虽然, 尽管prep. 纵使conj. 虽然enclose vt. 围绕, 圈起, 放入封套, 附上[计算机] 括入multitude n. 多数, 群众landmark n. 陆标, 划时代的事, 地界标grieve v. 使...悲伤dogged adj. 顽固的, 顽强的动词dog的过去式和过去分词remnant adj. 剩余的n. 残(剩)余haunt n. 常到的地方vt. 常到,缠住,出没(像鬼魂一样) vi. 徘徊,出没(像鬼魂一样)dwell vi. 居住, 存在, 冥想, 详细阐述plead vt. 辩护,恳求,提出借口vi. 辩护,反对spring to ... 的弹性in essence 本质上，根本上come to life vi. 苏醒过来(振作起来,活跃起来,表现生动)load with v. 装载某物check off 核对, 查对, 扣款out of sight 看不见, 在视野之外tear apart 撕开，拆散piece together vt. 拼合(拼凑)leave off 停止, 中断plead with 向... 恳求slump第七单元单词n. 暴跌,意气消沉,(土地)下沉vi. 猛然掉落,坍塌,大幅度下跌originate vt. 发起vi. 开始[计算机] 起始regulatory adj. 管理的, 控制的, 调整的mortgage vt. 抵押n. 抵押；房屋抵押贷款repay v. 偿还,报答，还钱给oversight n.疏忽；监督，照管；失察；负责subsidiary adj. 辅助的,附属的n. 子公司,附属机构shareholder n. 股东，股票持有人sizable adj. 相当大的drastic adj. 激烈的,猛烈的,极其严重的spiral n. 旋涡, 螺旋形之物adj. 螺旋形的, 盘旋的v. 成螺旋状下降或上升, 成螺旋状旋转layoff n. 临时解雇, 操作停止, 活动停止期间termination n. 终结, 中止, 词尾,限制, 结果rebound n. 弹回vt.& vi. 弹回tenant n. 房客,佃户vt. 居住eviction n. 逐出, 赶出, 收回（租房或租地等）motel n. 汽车旅馆expire vi. 期满,失效,终止,断气vt. 呼气migrant n. 移居者metropolitan n. 大都市的居民,大主教,母国的居民adj. 大都市的,大主教区的,母国的likelihood n. 可能性bureau n. 局, 办公处tumble n. 跌倒,混乱vi. 跌倒,下跌,倒塌,翻跟斗,偶然发现,理解vt. 使摔倒,使混乱,翻滚deposit vt. 存放, 堆积, 使沉淀vi. 沉淀n. 存款, 定金, 堆积物deteriorate vt. (使)恶化vi. (使)恶化, 瓦解, 衰退verge n. 边缘harassment n. 困扰,烦扰,烦恼certification n. 证明, 保证, 鉴定spectrum n. 光谱, （比喻）范围, 系列retail n. 零售vt. 零售adj. 零售的adv. 以零售形式evict v.驱逐v.依法收回（财产等）bureaucracy n. 官僚制度, 官僚主义municipal adj. 市的,市政的n. 政府证券council n. 理事会,委员会, 商议comply vi. 顺从,答应reclaim v. 开垦, 纠正, 收回refuge n. 避难(处), 庇护(所) v. 庇护, 避难(所)donate vt. 捐赠,转移(电子) vi. 捐款parasite n. 寄生虫,寄生生物，食客jelly n. 果冻,冻状物,纠结vi. 结冻,做果冻vt. 使像果冻一样subsistence n. 生存, 生活surf n. 海浪拍岸,冲浪vi. 冲浪,浏览vt. 浏览index n.索引；<数>指数；指示；标志vt.给…编索引；把…编入索引；[经济学]按生活指数调整（工资、价格等）vi.[机械学]转位brutal adj. 野蛮的,残暴的pack up 打包，收好，停止工作，出故障put down 记下scrape together 费力地获得scrape up 凑集，积蓄, 积攒catch up with 赶上for good 永久地=for good and allcommodity n. 商品, 日用品estate n. 财产,房地产,状态,遗产real estate 不动产, 房地产n. 房地产, 不动产intrinsic adj. 固有的, 内在的entail vt. 使必需,使蒙受;限定继承n. 限定继承权analogy n. 相似,类似，类比greed n. 贪心, 贪婪flaw n. 缺点,裂纹,瑕疵,突然的狂风天气vi. 变得有缺陷vt. 使破裂underlying adj. 在下面的, 基本的, 隐含的flock n. 一群,信众,软填料,短绒,棉絮,毛屑vt. 塞填充料vi. 成群而行,聚集foremost adj. 最初的adv. 在最前面amplify v. 扩大, 详述, 使...增幅tulip n. 郁金香assimilate v. 使同化，吸收n. 被同化的事物avert vt. 转开,避免,防止elastic adj. 有弹性的,灵活的,可变的n. 橡皮圈,有松紧的东西provided conj. 假如,若是adj. 预备好的,由...供给的retrospect n.回顾，回想vt.&vi.回顾；追溯cumulative adj. 累积的，附加的deregulation n. 撤消管制规定beforehand adv. 预先, 事先equity n. 权益，产权，(无固定利息的)股票n. 公平, 公正appraisal n. 估计,估量,评价economical adj. 节俭的, 经济的, 合算的allocate v. 分派, 分配, 分配额default n. 假设值,默认(值),不履行责任,缺席v. 默认,不履行义务,缺席,拖欠[计算机] 缺省culminate v. 达到顶点或高潮, 以...告终vi. 达到顶点vt. 使达高潮, 使结束。
英语专业四级Dictation听写50篇-----word版25-50
Travel for WorkYou can see them in every airport in the world. They are businessmen and women who have to travel for their work.When they first applied for the job, they may have thought of good food and hotels, huge expense accounts and fashionable cities. Now they have to sit in airport lounges, tired and uncomfortable in their smart clothes, listening to the loudspeaker announce “The fight of Tokyo, or Berlin, or New York is delayed for another two hours.” Some people say to me, “How lucky you are to be able to travel abroad in your work! You can go sightseeing without paying any money by yourself!” They think that my job is like a continual holiday. It is not.There are advantages, of course, and I do thin I am lucky, but only because I can go to places I would never visit if I was a tourist.IntelligenceAre some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus, the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, held by most experts now, can be supported in a number of ways. As is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence.A Free Dress Every WeekThe temptation to steal is greater than ever before especially in large shops and people are not so honest as they once were.A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. The woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. Believe it or not, the girl “gave” her mother a free dress every week!TimeTime is tangible. One can gain time, spend time, waste time, save time, or even kill time. Common questions in American English reveal this concrete quality as though time were a possession. “Do you have any time?”, “Can you get some time for this?”, “How much free time do you have?” The treatment of time as a possession influences the way that time is carefully divided.Generally, Americans are taught to do one thing at a time and may be uncomfortable when an activity is interrupted. In businesses, the careful scheduling of time and the separation of activities are common practices. Appointment calendars are printed with 15-,30-, and 60-minute time slots. The idea that “there is a time and place for everything” extends to American social life. Visitorswho drop by without prior notice may interrupt their host’s personal time. Thus, calling friends on the telephone before visiting them is generally preferred to visitors’ dropping by.Useful words and expressions:1.tangible 切实的2.kill time 消磨时间3.reveal 显示，揭示4.scheduling 行程安排5.slot 缝隙6.drop by 随便访问7.preferred 首选的CartoonistsIn a good cartoon, the artist can tell in a few lines as much as a writer can tell in half a dozen paragraphs. The cartoonist not only tells a story but he also tries to persuade the reader to his way of thinking. He has great influence on public opinion. In a political campaign, he plays an important part. Controversial issues in Congress or at meetings of the United Nations may keep the cartoonist well-supplied with current materials.A clever cartoonist may cause laughter because he often uses humor in his drawings. If he is sketching a famous person, he takes a prominent feature and exaggerates it. Cartoonists, for instance, like to lengthen an already long nose and to widen an already broad grin. This exaggeration of a person’s characteristics is called caricature. The artist uses such exaggeration to put his message across.Useful Words and Expressions:1.cartoonist 漫画家2.campaign 活动3.controversial 争论的，争议的4.sketch 素描5.prominent 卓越的6.exaggerate 夸张7.lengthen 延长8.grin 露齿笑Water PollutionWater is very important to us. Factories and plants need water for industrial uses and large pieces of farmland need it for irrigation. Without water to drink, people die in a short time.Today most water sources are so dirty that people must purify water before drinking. Water becomes dirty in many ways: industrial pollution is one of them. With the development of industry, plants and factories pour tons of industrial wasters into rivers every day. The rivers have become seriously polluted, and the water is becoming unfit for drinking or irrigation. The same thing has also happened to our seas and oceans. So, the problem of water pollution is almost worldwide.Scientists of many countries have done a lot of work to stop pollution. The polluted water in some places has become clean and drinkable again. Perhaps one day the people in all towns and cities will be drinking clean water. That day, we believe, is not very far off.Making a ComplaintComplaining about faulty goods or bad services is never easy. But if something you have brought is faulty or does not do what was claimed for it, you are not asking for a favor to get it put right.Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any receipt you may have. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain direct. In a chain store, ask the manager. If you telephone, ask the name of the person who handles your enquiry, otherwise you may never find out who dealt with the complaint later. If you do not want to do it in person, write a letter. Stick to the facts and keep a copy of what you write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article.Where Do the British LiveNearly everyone in Britain would like to own their own home and, whether they do or not, they are prepared to put time and money into decorating and furnishing it or even making structural alterations to it. Because of the climate and because of the expense involved in going out for the evening, the British spend a lot of time at home and a large part of their social life takes place there.Young people tend to stay with their families longer these days as accommodation is expensive but, when they move away to a job or college, there are various options open to them. They can get lodgings with a landlady. This means that they rent a room in someone’s house and have breakfast with the family. They can also get a bed-sitting room, that is to say one self-contained room in which they can cook, live and sleep. Alternatively, they can share a rented flat or house with a group of young people, perhaps the most popular option of all.Useful Words and Expressions:1.lodging 寄宿处2.bedsit 卧室兼起居室3.bed-sitting 卧室兼起居室的4.self-contained 设备齐全的Will Computers Replace Human Beings?We are in the computer age today. The computers are working all kinds of wonders now. They are very useful in automatic control and data processing. At the same time, computers are finding their way into the home. They seem to be so clever and can solve such complicated problems that some people think sooner or later they will replace us.But I do not think that there is such a possibility. My reason is very simple: computers are machines, not humans. And our tasks are far too various and complicated for any one single kind of machine to perform.Probably the greatest difference between man and computer is that the former can do things of his own while the latter can do nothing without being programmed. In my opinion, computers will remain nothing but an extension of our human brains, no matter how clever and complicated they may become.SoccerSoccer has had a slow start in America. In fact, the majority of schools still have no official soccer teams or coaches. But the blossoming popularity of the game cannot be denied. Thanks to the efforts of some world-famous soccer stars, soccer is soon to have its place in American culture.Although soccer has enjoyed decades of popularity elsewhere, it was literally ignored in America. Instead, a variation of the game called “football” was most popular in the U.S. and still is to this day. But the obvious advantages of playing soccer instead will soon win even the most avid football enthusiasts.For one thing, soccer is a much safer game to play than football. No one deliberately tries to knock an opponent down in soccer. In fact, they players are discouraged from even touching each other.Soccer is a game that requires skill and dexterity in controlling the ball. Since no one may use hands to do this, soccer players soon acquire incredible control of their heads, knees, and feet.Useful Words and Expresisons:1.slow start 缓慢起动2.blossom 兴旺，发展3.ignore 忽视4.avid 渴望的5.discourage from 劝阻6.dexterity 灵巧，机敏ArtistsEvery artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before.What visual artists, like painters, want to say is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions of possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us.Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and response; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.Useful words and Expressions:1.visual artist 视觉艺术家2.selection 挑选，选择3.exceptional 例外的，异常的4.motion 运动，动作5.indicate显示，象征6.contemporary 当代的，同时代的without reference to 不论，与……无关Professioanl Sports in the U.S.Professional sports are not only very popular in the United States, but also a big business. The most popular sports are baseball, football and basketball. Each sport has its own season and individual teams have millions of supporters. Professional teams are named for the cities where they are located. For example, the Lakers are in Los Angeles. The strongest supporters of the Lakers are residents of Los Angeles and Southern California. When the Lakers play, many people in Los Angeles enthusiastically follow the game. When we mention “NBA”, almost every one knows it ahs some relationship with U.S. professional basketball. However, what does it reallystand for? N.B.A is gaining new fans and supporters around the world. Basketball has been called the “national pastime”. However, football is the most popular professional sport in the U.S.. American football is different from international football, which Americans call “soccer”. Both games require strength and specialized skills.Useful Words and Expressions:1.be named for 被指定为2.be short for 是……的简称3.stand for代表“How to” BooksBooks which give instructions on how to do things are popular in the United States today. Thousands of these “how to” books are available. In fact, there are about for thousand books with titles that begin with the words “how to’.Many “how to” books give advice on careers. They tell you how to choose a career and how to succeed in it. Many of these books help people to use their free time better. Some people want book which will give them useful information about sports, hobbies and travel. Other people use their free time to make repairs and improvements on their homes. They prefer books which give step-by-step instructions on how to repair things like plumbing and electrical wiring or on how to redecorate or enlarge a house.Why have “how to”books become so popular? Probably because life has become more complex. Today people have far more free to use, more choices to make, and more problems to solve, “how to” books help people to deal with modern life.Useful words and Expressions:1.step-by-step 按部就班的2.redecorate 重新装饰，再装饰plex 复杂的，综合的Don’t give upIf we would ever accomplish anything in life, let us not forget that we must persevere. If we would learn our lessons in school, we must be diligent and not give up whenever we come to anything difficult. We shall find many of our lessons very hard, but let us consider that the harder they are the better they will do to us if we will preserve and learn them thoroughly.But there are some among us who are ready to give up when they come to a hard example in mathematics, and say, “I can’t do this.”They never will if they feel so. “I can’t”never does anything worthwhile, but “I’ll try” accomplishes wonders.Let us remember that we shall meet with difficulties all through life. They are in the pathway of everyone. If we will only try and keep trying, we shall be sure to conquer and overcome very difficulty we meet.How High Can You Jump?Fleas trainers have observed a strange habit of fleas while training them.Fleas are trained by putting them in a cardboard box with a top on it. The fleas will jump up and hit the top of the cardboard box over and over and over again. As you watch them jump and hit the lid, something very interesting becomes obvious. The fleas continue to jump, but they are no longer jumping high enough to hit the top.When you take off the lid, the fleas continue to jump, but they will not jump out of the box.They will not jump out because they cannot jump out. Why? The reason is simple. They have conditioned themselves to jump just so high. Once they have conditioned themselves to jump just so high. Once they have conditioned themselves to jump just so high, that is all they can do!Many times, people do the same thing. They restrict themselves and never reach their potential. Just like the fleas, they fail to jump higher, thinking they are doing al they can do. Useful Words and Expressions:1.cardboard 纸板2.lid 盖子3.conditioned 有条件的，习惯于……的4.restrict 限制，约束be restricted within narrow limits 限于狭窄的范围内be restricted in one’s movements 行动受限制Apology HelpsIt is never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you have judged roughly, you said unkind things, and pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and truly that you were so sorry. A bit frightening, isn’t it? It is frightening, isn’t it? It is frightening because some deep wisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is disturbed; and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and regret expressed.A heartfelt apology can not only heal a damaged relationship but also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have wronged, or judged too roughly, or just neglected, do something about it right now.Useful Words and Expressions:1.push ahead 捉紧进行2.at the expense of 在损害……的情况下3.mysterious神秘的4.moral 道德的5.disturbed 扰乱的6.stay out of 不参与……，置身于……之外7.heartfelt 衷心的，真心真意的8.roughly粗糙地，概略地SleepWhy is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired? There is no one answer that applies to every individual. It is possible to feel “tired” physically and still be unable to fall asleep, because while your body may be exhausted, you do not feel sleepy. It is not so easy to simply “turn off”.Lack of sleep complicates matters even more. Experts say adults need at least seven to eight hours of sleep a night to function properly. When you get less sleep than that on consecutive three nights, you begin to accrue four “sleep debt”. As sleep debt increases your body experiences a stress response. Now a vicious cycle has been created: You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, but your body is increasingly stimulated. “Power sleeping”for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution. There is no substitute for getting a good night’s sleep on a regular basis.1.overtire 使过度疲劳2.apply to 将……应用于3.consecutive 连续的，连贯的4.accrue 自然增加，产生5.vicious恶的vicious cycle 恶性循环6.stimulate 刺激，激励7.substitute for 代替……，替换……Our ConcernThe history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. Only in the present century has one species of man acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world.The rapidity of change follows the pace of man rather than the pace of nature. Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with the atom. The chemicals are the creations of man’s inventive mind, having no counterparts in nature.We have put poisonous and biologically potent chemicals into the hands of persons largely ignorant of their potentials for harm. We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons, without their consent and often without their knowledge. We have allowed these chemicals to be used with little or no advance investigation of their effect. Future generations are unlikely to forgive our lack of concern.Useful Words and Expressions:1.interaction 交互作用，交感2.vegetation 植被3.mold 塑造，浇铸4.species 种类5.unnatural 不自然的6.temper with 损害，影响7.counterpart 配对物8.poisonous 有毒的9.potent 有力的，有效的10.consent 同意，赞成Gardening in AmericaBelieve or not, 43,000,000 Americans are gardening. That is about one in six. Gardeners, of course, come in many varieties. Not surprisingly, most of them are people who live in the suburbs, and enjoy planting flowers, or maybe a small vegetables garden.The average age of gardeners in America is about 45 years old; they usually fall somewhere in the middle class. But the fastest growing groups are city dwellers. Urban residents are finding ways of gardening even in their crowded areas. Many go to large public gardens, as a place designed by the city for garden, and you can actually ranch your own plot.Still other people use their balconies or roof tops, wherever they can find the space to plant small patches of green.1.suburb 郊区2.dweller 居民3.ranch 经营牧场4.balcony 阳台5.patch小块地The Influence of LifeIn the early times when human beings hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as the other lower animals did.When they learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel, they cut down trees. They also burned clearings in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that human beings fed upon. This development led to farming and the domestication of animals. Fire provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible. Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as setting up families, forming societies and founding cities.Useful words and Expressions:1.interact with 与……组合2.clearing 空旷地3.grazing 放牧，牧草4.domestication 驯养，驯服5.previously 先前，以前6.inedible 不能吃的，不适于食用的7.pursuit 追击8.set up 设立AutomobilesIt is impossible to say that any one man invented the automobile. Many individuals living and working in different countries and at different times contributed to its development. Many of the discoveries that went into the creation of the automobile were small in themselves. But together they were important. Here are two examples.“Carriage is running at a speed of 8 to 9 miles an hour.” It was almost unheard of in those days. According to automobile historians, this was the first practical use of mechanical power to move a vehicle. After its first run, the machine reportedly burned up while the inventor and his friends were celebrating its success at a pub.Henry Ford is considered the father of modern automobiles mass production. His famous Model-T car, because of its low price, made it possible to produce cars on a large scale and his efforts made it accessible to ordinary people.Useful words and expressions:1.reportedly 据传说，据传闻2.mass production大规模生产3.on a large scale 大规模地4.accessible 易接近的，可到达的accessible to 与……接近House and Home“House” and “home” are two words that have similar meanings.“House” and “home” both refer to places where people live. However, there is a difference between them. “Home” is often referred to as the place that we live in with our families. Sadly, in our society, people can hardly distinguish a home from a house because they often see no difference between them. This confusion can be traced back to the indifference between family members. Therefore, we can say that love is an important factor in a home. A home is a shelter, not only for our bodies but also for our minds. Whenever we are depressed, we can go home for comfort. Everyone in the family will do his best to take care of each other and share their happiness as well as sorrow. Without love, a home is merely a house where loneliness is all that can be found. And a house can never be a home unless there is love.Useful words and expressions:1.refer to 提到2.distinguish区别，辨别3.confusion 混乱，混淆4.trace back 追溯到5.indifference 不关心6.。
英语专四听力dictation提高篇
英语专四听力dictation提高篇英语专四听力dictation提高篇英语专四听力dictation是英语专四考试第一项听写，考试时间十分钟分值为10分。
很多考生对这部分题感到不好得分，其实平时的写作练习对于此部分也是有所帮助，以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的`英语专四听力dictation提高篇，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!part 1Education in China today has been developing rapidly./ In many provinces, it is compulsory and free. /Most children start school at the age of six. /They attend 5 years of elementary school /and 6 years of high school. /After graduation from high school, /a student can start his higher education in a two-year college, a four-year college, a university, or a specialized professional school. / Most colleges admit students on the basis of their entrance examination records. /The cost of a college education is not very high. /And the greater part of it is met by their families, / though students can get support from their college. / Many students receive scholarships from the school, / the government, or private foundations and organizations. /Though great progress has been made in China in the field of education, /there is still a comparatively large part of the population in the country who cannot read and write.part 2DreamsDreams are a product of the sleeper's mind. They include events and feelings that he has experienced. Most dreams are related to events of the day before the dream and the strong wishes of the dreamer. Many minor incidents of the hours beforesleep appear in dreams. Few events more than two days old turn up. Deep wishes or fears, especially those held since childhood, often appear in dreams, and many dreams fulfill such wishes. Events in the sleeper's surroundings, a loud noise, for example, may become part of a dream, but they do not cause dreams.Some dreams involve deep feelings that a person may not realize he has. Psychiatrists often use material from a patient's dreams to help the person understand himself better. Dreaming may help maintain good learning ability, memory, and emotional adjustment.part 3EmotionsAccording to psychologists, an emotion is aroused when a man or animal views something as either bad or good. When a person feels like running away from something he thinks will hurt him, we call this emotion fear. If the person wants to remove the danger by attacking it, we call the emotion anger. The emotions of joy and love are aroused when we think something can help us. An emotion does not have to be created by something in the outside world. It can be created by a person's thoughts.Everyone has emotions, but many psychologists believe that infants are born without emotions. They believe children learn emotions just as they learn to read and write. A growing child not only learns his emotions but learns how to act in certain situations because of an emotion.part 4Re-employment of Laid-off WorkersThe issue of re-employment has emerged with large numbers of surplus labourers having been laid off. There is no doubt that it would lead to endless trouble if the surplus werenot reorganized properly. In order to maintain social stability and to secure people's normal living standards, it is essential to work out solutions to the problem.Solving the problem is a two-way operation as far as the government and workers are concerned. On the one hand, the government at all levels should try every possible means to create a wide range of employment options open to laid-off workers; on the other hand, these workers ought not to sit idle and wait for opportunities to come. So long as they don't lose heart and constantly strive to better themselves, their futures will be bright.。