【全国校级联考】湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)2017届高三下学期第二次联考文综地
2017届湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)高三下学期第二次联考理科综合-物理试卷-64c
…………○……学校:____…………○……绝密★启用前2017届湖北省八校（荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)高三下学期第二次联考理科综合-物理试卷试卷副标题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、单选题1．下列说法正确的是A ．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下一定做匀变速运动B ．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下运动时，动能一定增加C ．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势一定降低D ．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势能一定减少2．如图所示，直线a 与四分之一圆弧b 分别表示两质点A 、B 从同一地点出发，沿同一方向做直线运动的v ﹣t 图。
当B 的速度变为0时，A 恰好追上B ，则A 的加速度为（ ）A ．1m/s 2B ．2m/s 2C ．2πm/s 2 D ．πm/s 2 3．已知α粒子（即氦原子核）质量约为质子的4倍，带正电荷，电荷量为元电荷的2倍．质子和α粒子在同一匀强磁场中做匀速圆周运动．下列说法正确的是…外…………○…………装…………○…………○…………线……※※请※※不※※要※在※※装※※订答※※题※※…内…………○…………装…………○…………○…………线……B．若它们的速度大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1：4C．若它们的动能大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1：2D．若它们由静止经过相同的加速电场加速后垂直进入磁场，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1：24．如图甲所示，理想变压器原副线圈的匝数比为5 ：1，和R1、R2分别是电压表、定值电阻，且R1＝5R2．已知ab两端电压u按图乙所示正弦规律变化．下列说法正确的是A．电压u瞬时值的表达式()Vu tπ=B．电压表示数为40VC．R1、R2两端的电压之比为5 ：1D．R1、R2消耗的功率之比为1 ：55．下表是按照密立根的方法进行光电效应实验时得到的某金属的遏止电压U c和入射光的频率ν的几组数据．由以上数据应用Execl描点连线，可得直线方程，如图所示．则这种金属的截止频率约为A．3.5×1014Hz B．4.3×1014Hz C．5.5×1014Hz D．6.0×1014Hz二、多选题………装……………○………__________姓名：____：___________………装……………○………6．1772年，法籍意大利数学家拉格朗日在论文《三体问题》指出：两个质量相差悬殊的天体（如太阳和地球）所在同一平面上有5个特殊点，如图中的L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5所示，人们称为拉格朗日点，若飞行器位于这些点上，会在太阳与地球共同引力作用下，可以几乎不消耗燃料而保持与地球同步绕太阳做圆周运动，若发射一颗卫星定位于拉格朗日L 2点，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．该卫星绕太阳运动周期和地球自转周期相等B ．该卫星在L 2点处于平衡状态C ．该卫星绕太阳运动的向心加速度大于地球绕太阳运动的向心加速度D ．该卫星在L 2处所受太阳和地球引力的合力比在L 1处大7．如图所示，倾角为θ的斜面上有A 、B 、C 三点，现从这三点分别以不同的初速度水平抛出一小球，三个小球均落在斜面上的D 点，今测得AB ＝BC ＝CD ，不计空气阻力，由此可以判断( )A ．从A 、B 、C B ．从A 、B 、C 处抛出的三个小球落在斜面上时速度与斜面的夹角相同 C ．从A 、B 、C 处抛出的三个小球的初速度大小之比为3 ：2 ：1D ．从A 、B 、C 处抛出的三个小球距斜面最远时速度方向与水平方向夹角的正切值之8．倾角θ为37°的光滑斜面上固定带轻杆的槽，劲度系数k=20N/m 、原长足够长的轻弹簧下端与轻杆相连，开始时杆在槽外的长度1=0.6m ，且杆可在槽内移动，杆与槽间的滑动摩擦力大小恒为f=6N ，杆与槽之间的最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力，质量m=lkg 的小车从距弹簧上端l=0.6m 处由静止释放沿斜面向下运动。
湖北省八校2017届高三下学期第二次联考英语试题及答案
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考英语试题命题学校：黄冈中学命题人:李文宏吕琴张红审题学校：黄石二中朱红琼潘利平第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man wearing now?A. A blue sport shirt.B. A green sport shirt.C. A green T-shirt.2. How many languages can Helen speak fluently?A. Three.B. Four.C. Two.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Psychological problems.B. Spending habits.C. High rents.4. Where will the woman go first?A. To the post office.B. To the bakery.C. To the bank.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home.B. At a restaurant.C. At school.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。
湖北地区八校2017年度高三下学期第二次联考英语试题及规范标准答案
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考英语试题命题学校：黄冈中学命题人:李文宏吕琴张红审题学校：黄石二中朱红琼潘利平第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AHere is a list of some of the best museums for children in America.Please Touch Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Philadelphia. It offers Alice in Wonderland exhibits where young children can play with giant flowers and have tea parties. Kids can also play on musical instruments and babies can crawl on lily pads, which make musical sounds.The Children’s Museum of IndianapolisThis museum lies in Indiana. It holds a fair share of dinosaur fossils (化石). There are many fossils like the T. Rex, Bucky and many others in an 8,000-square-foot area. Around 10,000 man-made objects, including a 55-ton steam engine and a 33-foot tall water clock, are there in the 365,000-square-foot area. It also offers activities like dinosaur building, camps and classes featuring space themes and other educational programs.Boston Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Massachusetts. The exhibits here are of health, art, science, culture and environment. In this museum, children also learn about Japanese culture. Activities like Play Lab, New Balance Climb and The Recycle Shop bring out the creativity in children.National Museum of PlayThis museum, which lies in Rochester area of New York, has a wide collection of dolls, games, toys and other home crafts dating back to the 19th century. Here, educational tours include stories of machines and other toys. Kids can walk in Sesame Street exhibit and cook food at play or TV studios.Children’s Museum of HoustonThis museum lies in Texas. Termed as the best playground for mind, this museum offers scores of activities for kids of every age. It even offers free family adventure events where families with their kids are encouraged to work on math activities and games. Children also learn about broadcasting activities and preserving ecosystems.21. One who has interest in environmental protection can choose to visit .A. National Museum of Play or Children’s Museum of HoustonB. Boston Children’s Museum or Children’s Museum of HoustonC. Please Touch Children’s Museum or Boston Children’s MuseumD. The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis or National Museum of Play22. While visiting National Museum of Play, you can take part in .A. dinosaur buildingB. New Balance ClimbC. playing with giant flowersD. cooking food at play or TV studios23. If a couple with kids of different ages want to do activities together, they should goto .A. T exasB. IndianaC. New YorkD.Massachusetts24. Who might be most interested in this passage?A. Parents.B. Students.C. T eachers.D. Researchers.BI think it was October, 1982. A friend had business dealings in the city of Reno, Nevada, and I was asked to accompany her on an overnight trip. While she conducted her business, I was aimlessly wandering down Virginia Street，heading into a most gloriously beautiful sunset. I had an urge to speak to someone on the street to share that beauty, but I couldn’t make eye contact with anyone. Quickly I ducked into a department store and asked the lady behind the counter if she could come outside for just a minute. She 1ooked at me as though I were from some other planet and said, “Well…’’Surprisingly, she followed me out.When she got outside I said to her, “Just look at that sunset! Nobody out here was looking at it and I just had to share it with someone.”For a few seconds we just 1ooked. Then I said, “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.”I thanked her for coming out to see it and sharing the beauty.Four years later my situation had changed considerably. I had come to the end of a twenty-year marriage. I was alone and on my own for the first time in my life. One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a Unity Magazine and read an articleabout a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a strange community, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: cosmetic sales in a department store. We had a lot in common.Then something happened to her that changed everything. She said a woman came into her department store and asked her to step outside to look at a sunset. The stranger had said, “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.”, and she had realized the truth in that statement and that she simply had not been seeing it. From that moment on, she turned her life around.25. Why did the writer duck into a department store?A. She found it was boring with nobody talking to her.B. She wanted to buy something for her friend.C. She wanted to find somebody sharing the beautiful sunset.D. She thought it was his responsibility to share the natural beauty with others.26. What does the sentence “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world”mean?A. We should be optimistic in the face of uncertainty.B. We should believe in God who can help us when we are in trouble.C. We should never hold the belief that God can change our life.D. We should be independent and enjoy ourselves in spite of difficulties.27. What do you think finally changed the writer’s attitude towards life?A. The old magazine she came across.B. The encouragement from the woman.C. The sunset they enjoyed four years ago.D. The woman’s story.28. What may be the best title for the text?A. Depending on yourselfB. Sharing beautyC. Struggling every dayD. Never giving up halfwayCImagine you’ve finally landed a job of your dreams in another city. It’s everything you’d hoped for, but there’s only one problem —housing costs in the area are so high that you’re forced to live in a parking lot.While this sounds like an impossible situation, this predicament is a reality for one man.Brandon, 25, is a software engineer for Google at its San Francisco, California campus.“I realized I was paying too large an amount of money for the apartment I was staying in, and I was almost never home,”he told Business Insider. “It’s really hard to justify throwing that money away. You’re not putting money into anything and you are not building it up for a future.”Since scoring his job in May 2015 following a successful internship, he’s been living in a truck on a parking lot a short distance from his workplace.The tech worker makes up for the lack of facilities by eating, using the bathroom and showering at work, also charging his phone and computer there.San Francisco is home to the most expensive rental market in the US, with the average rental for a one-bedroom apartment coming to ＄3,590 (24,900 yuan) a month, according to property site Zumper.And while some may not be able to handle giving up life’s luxuries just to put asidesome cash, Brandon estimates that he’s saved almost ＄28,000 since he moved in just over 18 months ago.“Not only do I get to invest all of that redirected rent money, but I get to invest all the money I’m not spending on furniture, facilities and buying food,”Brandon wrote on his blog.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “predicament”in Paragraph2?A. possibilityB. disappointmentC. dilemmaD. mess30. Why does Brandon prefer to live in a truck on a parking lot?A. Because he has no time to go back to an apartment.B. Because the rent is too high and he thinks it isn’t worthwhile.C. Because his workplace provides him with what he needsD. Because he wants to save money for an apartment of his own.31. What does Brandon think of his choice?A. DifficultB. EmbarrassingC. PainfulD. WiseDPigeons may only have a brain the size of a thimble (顶针), but it appears that pigeons can categorize and name objects in the same way human children learn new words.A new study from the University of Iowa has shown that the birds are capable of learning to categorize 128 different photographs into 16 basic categories.Scientists taught three pigeons to sort out different kinds of dogs or types of shoes, for example by using a particular symbol in exchange for a reward. When they were shown black and white pictures of previously unseen dogs or shoes, the birds were able to correctly match these with the corresponding symbols.The scientists behind the project say this is a similar approach taken by young children when they are first learning words for objects. However, the researchers said it took their birds around 40 days to perfect the task of learning just 16 categories.Professor Edward Wasserman, who led the work, said: “Our birds’rate of learning appears to have been quite slow. Would children learn faster than pigeons? Almost certainly. However, our pigeons came to the experiment with no background knowledge at all. Thus, the more relevant comparison group may be newborn babies, who indeed take 6–9 months to learn their first words.”Writing in the journal Cognition, the researchers said their experiment was a very simple mirror of the way children are taught words —by their parents pointing to pictures and asking them to name the object.Pigeons are known to be smarter than many birds. Professor Bob McMurray, who also took part in the study, said the results showed that human learning is not as unique as was previously believed.He said: “Children are facing a huge task of learning thousands of words without a lot of background knowledge to go on. For a long time, people thought that such learning is special to humans. What this research shows is that the ways in which children solve this huge problem may be shared with many species.32. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. Pigeons and young children take a similar approach to learn words.B. Pigeons are known to be smarter than newborn babies.C. Pigeons recognize objects in the same way children learn words.D. Pigeons are unique as they can learn like humans.33. Why does the writer think newborn babies are the more relevant comparison group?A. They don’t have any background knowledge.B. They learn relatively slow.C. Pigeons and newborn babies learn at a similar speed.D. Young children are smarter.34. From the passage, we can learn that .A. learning without background knowledge is unique to humansB. many species may be able to learn without background knowledgeC. pigeons are able to solve many huge problemsD. pigeons are known to be the smartest birds35. The passage is intended to .A. introduce pigeonsB. prove a factC. support an opinionD. report a study第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2017届湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)高三下学期第二次联考数学(文)试题
鄂南高中 华师一附中 黄冈中学 黄石二中 荆州中学 孝感高中 襄阳四中 襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考 文 科 数 学 试 题第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. (1)已知全集U={2，3，4，5，6，7}，集合A={4,5,7}，B={4,6}，则A ∩（ðU B ）=（ ） A. {5} B. {2} C. {2, 5} D. {5, 7} (2)复数z 与复数(2)i i -互为共轭复数（其中i 为虚数单位），则z =（ ） A. 12i - B. 12i + C. 12i -+D. 12i --(3)已知直线50x y +-=与两坐标轴围成的区域为M ，不等式组0y xx y x -⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩≤5≥≥3所形成的区域为N ，现在区域M 中随机放置一点，则该点落在区域N 的概率是（ ）A.34 B. 12 C. 14 D. 23(4)如图所示的程序框图中，输出的S 的值是（ ） A. 80B. 100C. 120D. 140(5)已知双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>与抛物线)0(22>=p px y有相同的焦点F ，且双曲线的一条渐近线与抛物线的准线交于点(3)M t -，，MF =，则双曲线的离心率为（ ） A.22 B. 33 C. 25D. 5 (6)已知ABC Δ的面积为35，6A π=,5=AB ,则=BC （ ）A. 62 C. 23(7)已知一个几何体的三视图如图所示，则该几何体的体积为（ ） A. 6012π- B. 606π- C. 7212π-D. 726π-第4题图(8)为得到函数x y 2sin =的图象，只需将函数sin(2)4y x π=-的图象（ ）A. 向右平移4π个单位 B. 向左平移4π个单位 C. 向右平移8π个单位 D. 向左平移8π个单位 (9)函数23ln(44)()(2)x x f x x -+=-的图象可能是（ ）A B C D(10)已知函数()21,x f x x =++2()log 1,g x x x =++2()log 1h x x =-的零点依次为,,a b c 则（ ） A. c b a << B. b c a << C. a c b << D. c a b <<(11)如图，在长方体1111ABCD A B C D －中，16,3,8AA AB AD ===，点M 是棱 AD 的中点，点N 在棱1AA 上，且满足12AN NA ＝，P 是侧面四边形11ADD A内一动点(含边界)，若1C P ∥平面CMN ，则线段1C P 长度的取值范围是（ ）A. ⎤⎦B. []4,5C. []3,5D. ⎡⎣(12)已知函数()f x 在定义域R 上的导函数为()f x '，若方程()0f x '=无解,且()20172017,xf f x ⎡⎤-=⎣⎦当()sin cos g x x x kx =--在,22ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上与()f x 在R 上的单调性相同时，则实数k 的取值范围是 （ ）A. (],1-∞-B. (-∞C. ⎡-⎣D. )+∞第II 卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分.第(13)题～第(21)题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答.第(22)题～第(23)题为选考题，考生根据要求作答. 二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分.(13)已知(cos ,sin ),(22x x m n x R ==∈，则m n - 的最大值是 .(14)已知圆的方程22(2)1x y -+=，过圆外一点)43(，P 作一条直线与圆交于,A B 两点，那么 PA PB ⋅=.第11题图第16题图(15)已知函数()()xf x x m e -=+（其中e 为自然对数的底数），曲线()y f x =上存在不同的两点，使得曲线在这两点处的切线都与y 轴垂直，则实数m 的取值范围是 . (16)祖暅（公元前5～6世纪）是我国齐梁时代的数学家，是祖冲之的儿子.他提出了一条原理：“幂势既同，则积不容异．”这里的“幂”指水平截面的面积， “势”指高．这句话的意思是：两个等高的几何体若在所有等高处的水平截面围成的平面图形绕y 轴旋转一周后，得一橄榄状的几何体（如图）（称为椭球 体），课本中介绍了应用祖暅原理求球体体积公式的做法，请类比此法，求出 椭球体体积，其体积等于______ ．三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.(17)（本小题满分12分）在等差数列{}n a 中，,26,683==a a n S 为等比数列{}n b 的前n 项和，且11231,4,3,2b S S S =成等差数列.（Ⅰ）求数列{}{}n n b a ,的通项公式；（Ⅱ）设,n n n b a c ⋅=求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n T .(18)（本小题满分12分）如图，在三棱锥A BCD －中，2,AD DC ==,AD DC ⊥,AC CB =4AB =，平面ADC ⊥平面,ABC M 为AB 的中点.（Ⅰ）求证：BC ⊥平面ADC ；（Ⅱ）求直线AD 与平面DMC 所成角的正弦值.(19)（本小题满分12分）传承传统文化再掀热潮，央视科教频道以诗词知识竞赛为主的《中国诗词大会》火爆荧屏。
【湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)】2017届高三下学期第二次联考理科综合生物试卷(附答案)
aaccRR Z⨯−−→有色：无色=1：1；Z植株的基因型为（）A．AaCcrr B．AACCRr C．AaCcRR D．AaCCRr第Ⅱ卷非选择题（含选考题）三、非选择题：包括必考题和选考题两部分．第22题~第32题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第33题~第38题为选考题，考生根据要求作答．29．（10分）小球藻是一种真核单细胞绿藻，科学家利用小球藻做了相关实验。
实验示意图如下：请回答：（1）将甲乙两组同时置于充足的光照条件下，甲组中小球藻细胞内首先利用18O的场所是____________，乙组中能利用18O的细胞器是____________。
短时间内检测产生的气体A、B中含18O的是____________（填“A”、“B”或“A、B”），由此可以证明：_____________________________________。
（2）光照一段时间后，甲乙两组均停止二氧化碳供应，再将其同时置于黑暗条件下，此时产生的气体A、B中含18O的是____________（填“A”、“B”或“A、B”）。
30．（10分）在一定范围内，胚芽鞘切段的伸长与生长素浓度成正相关。
为探究“萌发的小麦种子中生长素的含量”，取胚芽鞘尖端下部的切段（4 mm），分别浸入6种浓度的生长素溶液和萌发种子提取液（待测样液）中，在适宜条件下培养24小时后，测量切段长度，结果见下图。
分析并回答下列问题：（1）与浓度为1 mg/L的结果相比，浓度为10 mg/L的溶液对切段的影响是____________，由上述实验结果____________（填“能”或“不能”）说明生长素的生理作用具有两重性，原因是____________。
（2）为确定待测样液中的生长素浓度是0.1 mg/L还是10 mg/L，请根据上述实验原理及方法，写出实验）随着物种③密度的增加，严重地影响了物种_________________的环境容纳量，最需要采用易地保护）随着时间的推移，该坡地上演替过程就是：_________________（填“一个物种被另一个物种知，双菌培养时两种菌的最大活菌数均高于其单独培养时，从代谢产物角度分析，其原因可能是_________________。
湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)2017届高三下学期第二次联考语文试题及答案解析
湖北省八校（荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等）2017届高三下学期第二次联考语文试题及答案解析第Ⅰ卷一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
魏晋时期文的自觉鲁迅说：“曹丕的一个时代可以说是文学的自觉时代，或如近代所说，是为艺术而艺术的一派。
”“为艺术而艺术”是相对于两汉文艺“厚人伦，美教化”的功利艺术而言。
以曹丕为最早标志，它确乎是魏晋新风。
鲁迅又说：“汉文慢慢壮大是时代使然，非专靠曹氏父子之功的，但华丽好看，却是曹丕提倡的功劳。
”曹丕地位甚高，后来又做了皇帝，极人世之崇荣，应该是实现了人生的最高理想了吧，然而并不。
他依然感到“年寿有时而尽，荣乐止乎其身，两者并至之常期，未若文章之无穷”。
帝王将相、富贵功名可能很快便是白骨荒丘，真正不朽、能够世代流传的却是精神生产的东西。
“不假良史之词，不托飞驰之势，而声名自传于后。
”（曹丕《典论•论文》）显赫一时的皇帝可以湮没无闻，华丽优美的词章并不依附什么却被人们长久传诵。
可见曹丕所以讲求和提倡文章华美，是与他这种对人生“不朽”的追求相联系的。
这样，文学及其形式本身，其价值和地位便大不同于两汉。
在当时，文学实际总是宫廷玩物。
司马相如、东方朔这些专门的语言大师乃是皇帝弄臣，处于“俳优畜之”的地位。
那些堂哉皇也的皇皇大赋，不过是歌功颂德、点缀升平，再加上一点所谓“讽喻”之类的尾巴以娱乐皇帝而已。
至于绘画、书法等等，更不必说，这些艺术部类在奴隶制时代(作者持“魏晋封建说”，认为我国秦汉时期仍处于奴隶制社会，封建社会自魏晋开始。
)更没有独立的地位。
在两汉，文学与经术没有分家。
《盐铁论》里的“文学”指的是儒生，贾谊、班固、张衡等人也不是作为文学家而是因具有政治家、大臣、史官等身份而有其地位的和名声的。
在两汉，门阀大族累世经学，家法师传，是当时的文化保护者、垄断者，当他们取得不受皇权任意支配的独立地位，即建立起封建前期的门阀统治后，这些世代沿袭着富贵荣华、什么也不缺少的贵族们，认为真正有价值有意义能传之久远以至不朽的，只有由文学表达出来的他们个人的思想、情感、精神、品格，从而刻意作文，“为艺术而艺术”，确认诗文具有自身的价值意义，不只是功利附庸和政治工具，等等，便也是很自然的了。
湖北省八校2017届高三下学期第二次联考英语试题及答案
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考英语试题命题学校：黄冈中学命题人:李文宏吕琴张红审题学校：黄石二中朱红琼潘利平第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AHere is a list of some of the best museums for children in America.Please Touch Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Philadelphia. It offers Alice in Wonderland exhibits where young children can play with giant flowers and have tea parties. Kids can also play on musical instruments and babies can crawl on lily pads, which make musical sounds.The Children’s Museum of IndianapolisThis museum lies in Indiana. It holds a fair share of dinosaur fossils (化石). There are many fossils like the T. Rex, Bucky and many others in an 8,000-square-foot area. Around 10,000 man-made objects, including a 55-ton steam engine and a 33-foot tall water clock, are there in the 365,000-square-foot area. It also offers activities like dinosaur building, camps and classes featuring space themes and other educational programs.Boston Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Massachusetts. The exhibits here are of health, art, science, culture and environment. In this museum, children also learn about Japanese culture. Activities like Play Lab, New Balance Climb and The Recycle Shop bring out the creativity in children.National Museum of PlayThis museum, which lies in Rochester area of New York, has a wide collection of dolls, games, toysand other home crafts dating back to the 19th century. Here, educational tours include stories of machines and other toys. Kids can walk in Sesame Street exhibit and cook food at play or TV studios.Children’s Museum of HoustonThis museum lies in Texas. Termed as the best playground for mind, this museum offers scores of activities for kids of every age. It even offers free family adventure events where families with their kids are encouraged to work on math activities and games. Children also learn about broadcasting activities and preserving ecosystems.21. One who has interest in environmental protection can choose to visit .A. National Museum of Play or Children’s Museum of HoustonB. Boston Children’s Museum or Children’s Museum of HoustonC. Please Touch Children’s Museum or Boston Children’s MuseumD. The Children’s Museum of India napolis or National Museum of Play22. While visiting National Museum of Play, you can take part in .A. dinosaur buildingB. New Balance ClimbC. playing with giant flowersD. cooking food at play or TV studios23. If a couple with kids of different ages want to do activities together, they should go to .A. TexasB. IndianaC. New YorkD. Massachusetts24. Who might be most interested in this passage?A. Parents.B. Students.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BI think it was October, 1982. A friend had business dealings in the city of Reno, Nevada, and I was asked to accompany her on an overnight trip. While she conducted her business, I was aimlessly wandering down Virginia Street，heading into a most gloriously beautiful sunset. I had an urge to speak to someone on the street to share that beauty, but I couldn’t make eye contact with anyone. Quickly I ducked into a department store and asked the lady behind the counter if she could come outside for just a minute. She 1ooked at me as though I were from some other planet and said, ―Well…’’ Surprisingly, she followed me out.When she got outside I said to her, ―Just look at that sunset! Nobody out here was looking at it and I just had to share it with s omeone.‖For a few seconds we just 1ooked. Then I said, ―God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.‖ Ithanked her for coming out to see it and sharing the beauty.Four years later my situation had changed considerably. I had come to the end of a twenty-year marriage. I was alone and on my own for the first time in my life. One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a Unity Magazine and read an article about a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a strange community, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: cosmetic sales in a department store. We had a lot in common.Then something happened to her that changed everything. She said a woman came into her department store and asked her to step outside to look at a sunset. The stranger had said, ―God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.‖, and she had realized the truth in that statement and that she simply had not been seeing it. From that moment on, she turned her life around.25. Why did the writer duck into a department store?A. She found it was boring with nobody talking to her.B. She wanted to buy something for her friend.C. She wanted to find somebody sharing the beautiful sunset.D. She thought it was his responsibility to share the natural beauty with others.26. What does the sentence ―God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world‖ mean?A. We should be optimistic in the face of uncertainty.B. We should believe in God who can help us when we are in trouble.C. We should never hold the belief that God can change our life.D. We should be independent and enjoy ourselves in spite of difficulties.27. What do you think finally changed the writer’s attitude towards life?A. The old magazine she came across.B. The encouragement from the woman.C. The sunset they enjoyed four years ago.D. The woman’s story.28. What may be the best title for the text?A. Depending on yourselfB. Sharing beautyC. Struggling every dayD. Never giving up halfwayCImagine you’ve finally landed a job of your dreams in another city. It’s everything you’d hoped for, but there’s only one problem—housing costs in the area are so high that you’re forced to live in a parkinglot.While this sounds like an impossible situation, this predicament is a reality for one man.Brandon, 25, is a software engineer for Google at its San Francisco, California campus.―I realized I was paying too large an amount of money for the apartment I was staying in, and I wa s almost never home,‖ he told Business Insider. ―It’s really hard to justify throwing that money away. You’re not putting money into anything and you are not building it up for a future.‖Since scoring his job in May 2015 following a successful internship, he’s been living in a truck on a parking lot a short distance from his workplace.The tech worker makes up for the lack of facilities by eating, using the bathroom and showering at work, also charging his phone and computer there.San Francisco is home to the most expensive rental market in the US, with the average rental for a one-bedroom apartment coming to ＄3,590 (24,900 yuan) a month, according to property site Zumper.And while some may not be able to handle giving up life’s luxuries just to put asid e some cash, Brandon estimates that he’s saved almost ＄28,000 since he moved in just over 18 months ago.―Not only do I get to invest all of that redirected rent money, but I get to invest all the money I’m not spending on furniture, facilities and buying food,‖ Brandon wrote on his blog.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word ―predicament‖ in Paragraph2?A. possibilityB. disappointmentC. dilemmaD. mess30. Why does Brandon prefer to live in a truck on a parking lot?A. Because he has no time to go back to an apartment.B. Because the rent is too high and he thinks it isn’t worthwhile.C. Because his workplace provides him with what he needsD. Because he wants to save money for an apartment of his own.31. What does Brandon think of his choice?A. DifficultB. EmbarrassingC. PainfulD. WiseDPigeons may only have a brain the size of a thimble (顶针), but it appears that pigeons can categorize and name objects in the same way human children learn new words.A new study from the University of Iowa has shown that the birds are capable of learning to categorize128 different photographs into 16 basic categories.Scientists taught three pigeons to sort out different kinds of dogs or types of shoes, for example by using a particular symbol in exchange for a reward. When they were shown black and white pictures of previously unseen dogs or shoes, the birds were able to correctly match these with the corresponding symbols.The scientists behind the project say this is a similar approach taken by young children when they are first learning words for objects. However, the researchers said it took their birds around 40 days to perfect the task of learning just 16 categories.Profess or Edward Wasserman, who led the work, said: ―Our birds’ rate of learning appears to have been quite slow. Would children learn faster than pigeons? Almost certainly. However, our pigeons came to the experiment with no background knowledge at all. Thus, the more relevant comparison group may be newborn babies, who indeed take 6–9 months to learn their first words.‖Writing in the journal Cognition, the researchers said their experiment was a very simple mirror of the way children are taught words — by their parents pointing to pictures and asking them to name the object.Pigeons are known to be smarter than many birds. Professor Bob McMurray, who also took part in the study, said the results showed that human learning is not as unique as was previously believed.He said: ―Children are facing a huge task of learning thousands of words without a lot of background knowledge to go on. For a long time, people thought that such learning is special to humans. What this research shows is that the ways in which children solve this huge problem may be shared with many species.32. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. Pigeons and young children take a similar approach to learn words.B. Pigeons are known to be smarter than newborn babies.C. Pigeons recognize objects in the same way children learn words.D. Pigeons are unique as they can learn like humans.33. Why does the writer think newborn babies are the more relevant comparison group?A. They don’t have any background knowledge.B. They learn relatively slow.C. Pigeons and newborn babies learn at a similar speed.D. Young children are smarter.34. From the passage, we can learn that .A. learning without background knowledge is unique to humansB. many species may be able to learn without background knowledgeC. pigeons are able to solve many huge problemsD. pigeons are known to be the smartest birds35. The passage is intended to .A. introduce pigeonsB. prove a factC. support an opinionD. report a study第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2017届高三八校第二次联考 语文试题
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考语文试题命题学校：襄阳四中命题人：韩斌许婷婷方笑宇马丽审题人：闫红春审定学校：黄石二中审定人：朱青松陈梅考试时间：2017年3月15日上午9：00～11:30本试题卷共8页，22题。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
★祝考试顺利★注意事项:1、答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后方框涂黑。
2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4、考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
第Ⅰ卷一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
魏晋时期文的自觉鲁迅说：‚曹丕的一个时代可以说是文学的自觉时代，或如近代所说，是为艺术而艺术的一派。
‛‚为艺术而艺术‛是相对于两汉文艺‚厚人伦，美教化‛的功利艺术而言。
以曹丕为最早标志，它确乎是魏晋新风。
鲁迅又说：‚汉文慢慢壮大是时代使然，非专靠曹氏父子之功的，但华丽好看，却是曹丕提倡的功劳。
‛曹丕地位甚高，后来又做了皇帝，极人世之崇荣，应该是实现了人生的最高理想了吧，然而并不。
他依然感到‚年寿有时而尽，荣乐止乎其身，两者并至之常期，未若文章之无穷‛。
帝王将相、富贵功名可能很快便是白骨荒丘，真正不朽、能够世代流传的却是精神生产的东西。
‚不假良史之词，不托飞驰之势，而声名自传于后。
‛（曹丕《典论〃论文》）显赫一时的皇帝可以湮没无闻，华丽优美的词章并不依附什么却被人们长久传诵。
可见曹丕所以讲求和提倡文章华美，是与他这种对人生‚不朽‛的追求相联系的。
这样，文学及其形式本身，其价值和地位便大不同于两汉。
(推荐)湖北省八校2017届高三下学期第二次联考英语试题及答案
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考英语试题命题学校：黄冈中学命题人:李文宏吕琴张红审题学校：黄石二中朱红琼潘利平第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AHere is a list of some of the best museums for children in America.Please Touch Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Philadelphia. It offers Alice in Wonderland exhibits where young children can play with giant flowers and have tea parties. Kids can also play on musical instruments and babies can crawl on lily pads, which make musical sounds.The Children’s Museum of IndianapolisThis museum lies in Indiana. It holds a fair share of dinosaur fossils (化石). There are many fossils like the T. Rex, Bucky and many others in an 8,000-square-foot area. Around 10,000 man-made objects, including a 55-ton steam engine and a 33-foot tall water clock, are there in the 365,000-square-foot area. It also offers activities like dinosaur building, camps and classes featuring space themes and other educational programs.Boston Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Massachusetts. The exhibits here are of health, art, science, culture and environment. In this museum, children also learn about Japanese culture. Activities like Play Lab, New Balance Climb and The Recycle Shop bring out the creativity in children.National Museum of PlayThis museum, which lies in Rochester area of New York, has a wide collection of dolls, games, toys and other home crafts dating back to the 19th century. Here, educational tours include stories of machines and other toys. Kids can walk in Sesame Street exhibit and cook food at play or TV studios.Children’s Museum of HoustonThis museum lies in Texas. Termed as the best playground for mind, this museum offers scores of activities for kids of every age. It even offers free family adventure events where families with their kids are encouraged to work on math activities and games. Children also learn about broadcasting activities and preserving ecosystems.21. One who has interest in environmental protection can choose to visit .A. National Museum of Play or Children’s Museum of HoustonB. Boston Children’s Museum or Children’s Museum of HoustonC. Please Touch Children’s Museum or Boston Children’s MuseumD. The Children’s Museum of India napolis or National Museum of Play22. While visiting National Museum of Play, you can take part in .A. dinosaur buildingB. New Balance ClimbC. playing with giant flowersD. cooking food at play or TV studios23. If a couple with kids of different ages want to do activities together, they shouldgo to .A. TexasB. IndianaC. New YorkD.Massachusetts24. Who might be most interested in this passage?A. Parents.B. Students.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BI think it was October, 1982. A friend had business dealings in the city of Reno, Nevada, and I was asked to accompany her on an overnight trip. While she conducted her business, I was aimlessly wandering down Virginia Street，heading into a most gloriously beautiful sunset. I had an urge to speak to someone on the street to share that beauty, but I couldn’t make eye contact with anyone. Quickly I ducked into a department store and asked the ladybehind the counter if she could come outside for just a minute. She 1ooked at me as though I were from some other planet and said, “Well…’’ Surprisingly, she followed me out.When she got outside I said to her, “Just look at that sunset! Nobody out here was looking at it and I just had to share it with s omeone.”For a few seconds we just 1ooked. Then I said, “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.” I thanked her for coming out to see it and sharing the beauty.Four years later my situation had changed considerably. I had come to the end of a twenty-year marriage. I was alone and on my own for the first time in my life. One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a Unity Magazine and read an article about a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a strange community, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: cosmetic sales in a department store. We had a lot in common.Then something happened to her that changed everything. She said a woman came into her department store and asked her to step outside to look at a sunset. The stranger had said, “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.”, and she had realized the truth in that statement and that she simply had not been seeing it. From that moment on, she turned her life around.25. Why did the writer duck into a department store?A. She found it was boring with nobody talking to her.B. She wanted to buy something for her friend.C. She wanted to find somebody sharing the beautiful sunset.D. She thought it was his responsibility to share the natural beauty with others.26.What does the sentence “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world” mean?A. We should be optimistic in the face of uncertainty.B. We should believe in God who can help us when we are in trouble.C. We should never hold the belief that God can change our life.D. We should be independent and enjoy ourselves in spite of difficulties.27.What do you think finally changed the writer’s attitude towards life?A. The old magazine she came across.B. The encouragement from the woman.C. The sunset they enjoyed four years ago.D. The woman’s story.28. What may be the best title for the text?A. Depending on yourselfB. Sharing beautyC. Struggling every dayD. Never giving up halfwayCImagine you’ve finally landed a job of your dreams in another city. It’s everything you’d hoped for, but there’s only one problem— housing costs in the area are so high that you’re forced to live in a parking lot.While this sounds like an impossible situation, this predicament is a reality for one man.Brandon, 25, is a software engineer for Google at its San Francisco, California campus.“I realized I was paying too large an amount of money for the apartment I was staying in, and I wa s almost never home,” he told Business Insider. “It’s really hard to justify throwing that money away. You’re not putting money into anything and you are not building it up for a future.”Since scoring his job in May 2015 following a successful internship, he’s been living in a truck on a parking lot a short distance from his workplace.The tech worker makes up for the lack of facilities by eating, using the bathroom and showering at work, also charging his phone and computer there.San Francisco is home to the most expensive rental market in the US, with the average rental for a one-bedroom apartment coming to ＄3,590 (24,900 yuan) a month, according to property site Zumper.And while some may not be able to handle giving up life’s luxuries just to put asid e some cash, Brandon estimates that he’s saved almost ＄28,000 since he moved in just over 18 months ago.“Not only do I get to invest all of that redirected rent money, but I get to invest all the money I’m not spending on furniture, facilities and buying food,” Brandon wroteon his blog.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “predicament” in Paragraph2?A. possibilityB. disappointmentC. dilemmaD. mess30. Why does Brandon prefer to live in a truck on a parking lot?A. Because he has no time to go back to an apartment.B. Because the rent is too high and he thinks it isn’t worthwhile.C. Because his workplace provides him with what he needsD. Because he wants to save money for an apartment of his own.31. What does Brandon think of his choice?A. DifficultB. EmbarrassingC. PainfulD. WiseDPigeons may only have a brain the size of a thimble (顶针), but it appears that pigeonscan categorize and name objects in the same way human children learn new words.A new study from the University of Iowa has shown that the birds are capable of learningto categorize 128 different photographs into 16 basic categories.Scientists taught three pigeons to sort out different kinds of dogs or types of shoes,for example by using a particular symbol in exchange for a reward. When they were shown black and white pictures of previously unseen dogs or shoes, the birds were able to correctly match these with the corresponding symbols.The scientists behind the project say this is a similar approach taken by young children when they are first learning words for objects. However, the researchers said it took their birds around 40 days to perfect the task of learning just 16 categories.Profess or Edward Wasserman, who led the work, said: “Our birds’ rate of learning appears to have been quite slow. Would children learn faster than pigeons? Almost certainly. However, our pigeons came to the experiment with no background knowledge at all. Thus, the more relevant comparison group may be newborn babies, who indeed take 6–9 months to learn their first words.”Writing in the journal Cognition, the researchers said their experiment was a very simple mirror of the way children are taught words —by their parents pointing to pictures and asking them to name the object.Pigeons are known to be smarter than many birds. Professor Bob McMurray, who also took part in the study, said the results showed that human learning is not as unique as was previously believed.He said: “Children are facing a huge task of learning thousands of words without a lot of background knowledge to go on. For a long time, people thought that such learning is special to humans. What this research shows is that the ways in which children solve this huge problem may be shared with many species.32. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. Pigeons and young children take a similar approach to learn words.B. Pigeons are known to be smarter than newborn babies.C. Pigeons recognize objects in the same way children learn words.D. Pigeons are unique as they can learn like humans.33. Why does the writer think newborn babies are the more relevant comparison group?A. They don’t have any background knowledge.B. They learn relatively slow.C. Pigeons and newborn babies learn at a similar speed.D. Young children are smarter.34. From the passage, we can learn that .A. learning without background knowledge is unique to humansB. many species may be able to learn without background knowledgeC. pigeons are able to solve many huge problemsD. pigeons are known to be the smartest birds35. The passage is intended to .A. introduce pigeonsB. prove a factC. support an opinionD. report a study第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)2017届高三下学期第二次联考理科综合-物理试题
鄂南高中 华师一附中 黄冈中学 黄石二中 荆州中学 孝感高中 襄阳四中 襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考理 综物理 试 题命题学校：华师一附中 命题人：黄诗登 胡戈 薛莲 易晓勇 凌慧 杨亚琴 吴建阶 黎萍审题人：许春 叶志雄 张中锋 刘南 徐晓辉 蔡千喜 黎昌林 周攀 侯金华 张智慧考试时间：2017年3月16日上午9:00—11:30 试卷满分300分 考试用时150分钟二、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题6分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14~18题只有一项是符合题目要求，第19~21题有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分．有选错的得0分． 14．下列说法正确的是A ．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下一定做匀变速运动B ．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下运动时，动能一定增加C ．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势一定降低D ．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势能一定减少15．如图所示，直线a 与四分之一圆弧b 分别表示两质点A 、B 从同一地点出发，沿同一方向做直线运动的v -t 图．当B 的速度变为0时，A 恰好追上B ，则A 的加速度为A ．1m/s 2B ．2m/s 2C ．2πm/s 2 D ．πm/s 216．已知α粒子（即氦原子核）质量约为质子的4倍，带正电荷，电荷量为元电荷的2倍．质子和α粒子在同一匀强磁场中做匀速圆周运动．下列说法正确的是 A ．若它们的动量大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为2：1 B ．若它们的速度大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1：4C ．若它们的动能大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1：2D ．若它们由静止经过相同的加速电场加速后垂直进入磁场，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1：217．如图甲所示，理想变压器原副线圈的匝数比为5 ：1，V 和R 1、R 2分别是电压表、定值电阻，且R 1＝5R 2．已知ab 两端电压u 按图乙所示正弦规律变化．下列说法正确的是A ．电压u 瞬时值的表达式u ＝2202sin10πt （V ）B ．电压表示数为40VC ．R 1、R 2两端的电压之比为5 ：1D ．R 1、R 2消耗的功率之比为1 ：518．下表是按照密立根的方法进行光电效应实验时得到的某金属的遏止电压U c 和入射光的频率ν的几组数据．由以上数据应用Execl 描点连线，可得直线方程，如图所示．则这种金属的截止频率约为s-A ．3.5×1014HzB ．4.3×1014HzC ．5.5×1014HzD ．6.0×1014HzB ．该卫星在L 2点处于平衡状态C ．该卫星绕太阳运动的向心加速度大于地球绕太阳运动的向心加速度D ．该卫星在L 2处所受太阳和地球引力的合力比在L 1处大20．如图所示，倾角为θ的斜面上有A 、B 、C 三点，现从这三点分别以不同的初速度水平抛出一小球，三个小球均落在斜面上的D 点，今测得AB＝BC ＝CD ，不计空气阻力，由此可以判断A ．从A 、B 、C 1 B ．从A 、B 、C 处抛出的三个小球落在斜面上时速度与斜面的夹角相同 C ．从A 、B 、C 处抛出的三个小球的初速度大小之比为3 ：2 ：1D ．从A 、B 、C 处抛出的三个小球距斜面最远时速度方向与水平方向夹角的正切值之比为：121．倾角θ为37°的光滑斜面上固定带轻杆的槽，劲度系数k =20N/m 、原长足够长的轻弹簧下端与轻杆相连，开始时杆在槽外的长度l =0.6m ，且杆可在槽内移动，杆与槽间的滑动摩擦力大小恒为F f =6N ，杆与槽之间的最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力．质量m =1kg 的小车从距弹簧上端l =0.6m 处由静止释放沿斜面向下运动．已知弹簧弹性势能为E p 221kx，式中x 为弹簧的形变量．在整个运动过程中，弹簧始终处于弹性限度以内．g =10m/s 2 ，sin37º=0.6．下列说法正确的是A ．在杆完全进入槽内之前，小车先做匀加速运动，然后做加速度逐渐减小的加速运动，最后做匀速直线运动B ．小车从开始运动到杆完全进入槽内所用时间为55sC．若杆与槽间的滑动摩擦力大小F f变为16N，小车、弹簧、轻杆组成的系统机械能一定不守恒D．若杆与槽间的滑动摩擦力大小F f变为16N，小车第一次与弹簧作用过程中轻杆移动的距离为0.2m第Ⅱ卷非选择题（含选考题）共174分三、非选择题：包括必考题和选考题两部分．第22题～第32题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第33题～第38题为选考题，考生根据要求作答．22．（6分）欧姆表内部电路简化后如图所示，电源电动势E=1.5V，内阻r=0.5Ω，电流表满偏电流I g=10mA，电流表内阻R g=7.5Ω，A、B为接线柱．（1）用一条导线把A、B直接连起来，此时，应将可变电阻R1调节为Ω才能使电流表恰好达到满偏．（2）调至满偏后保持R1的值不变，在A、B间接入一个150Ω的定值电阻R2，电流表示数为mA．（3）继续保持R1的值不变，将定值电阻R2更换为另一电阻R3接在A、B之间，电流表读数为6mA，则R3= Ω．23．（9分）小明同学利用如图所示的装置来验证机械能守恒定律．A为装有挡光片的钩码，总质量为M，挡光片的挡光宽度为b，轻绳一端与A相连，另一端跨过光滑轻质定滑轮与质量为m（m<M）的重物B相连．他的做法是：先用力拉住B，保持A、B静止，测出A的挡光片上端到光电门的距离h；然后由静止释放B，A下落过程中经过光电门，光电门可测出挡光片的挡光时间t，算出挡光片经过光电门的平均速度，将其视为A下落h（h>>b）时的速度，重力加速度为g．（1）在A从静止开始下落h的过程中，验证以A、B、地球所组成的系统机械能守恒定律的表达式为_______________________（用题目所给物理量的符号表示）；（2）由于光电门所测的平均速度与物体A下落h时的瞬时速度间存在一个差值v∆，因而系统减少的重力势能系统增加的动能（选填“大于”或“小于”）；（3）为减小上述v∆对结果的影响，小明同学想到了以下一些做法，其中可行的是A．保持A下落的初始位置不变，测出多组t，算出多个平均速度然后取平均值B ．减小挡光片上端到光电门的距离hC ．增大挡光片的挡光宽度bD ．适当减小挡光片的挡光宽度b（4）若采用本装置测量当地的重力加速度g ，则测量值 真实值（选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”）．24．（14分）儿童智力拼装玩具“云霄飞车”的部分轨道简化为如下模型：光滑水平轨道MN 与半径为R 的竖直光滑圆弧轨道相切于N 点，质量为m 的小球A 静止于P 点，小球半径远小于R ．与A 相同的小球B 以速度v 0向右运动，A 、B 碰后粘连在一起．求当v 0的大小在什么范围时，两小球在圆弧轨道内运动时不会脱离圆弧轨道？已知重力加速度为g ．25．（18分）如图所示，AD 与A 1D 1为水平放置的无限长平行金属导轨，DC 与D 1C 1为倾角为︒=37θ的平行金属导轨，两组导轨的间距均为l =1.5m ，导轨电阻忽略不计．质量为m 1=0.35kg 、电阻为R 1=1Ω的导体棒ab 置于倾斜导轨上，质量为m 2=0.4kg 、电阻为R 2=0.5Ω的导体棒cd 置于水平导轨上，轻质细绳跨过光滑滑轮一端与cd 的中点相连、另一端悬挂一轻质挂钩．导体棒ab 、cd 与导轨间的动摩擦因数相同，且最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力．整个装置处于竖直向上的匀强磁场中，磁感应强度为B =2T ．初始时刻，棒ab 在倾斜导轨上恰好不下滑．(g 取10m/s 2，sin ︒37=0.6)（1）求导体棒与导轨间的动摩擦因数μ；1（2）在轻质挂钩上挂上物体P ，细绳处于拉伸状态，将物体P 与导体棒cd 同时由静止释放，当P 的质量不超过多大时，ab 始终处于静止状态？(导体棒cd 运动过程中，ab 、cd 一直与DD 1平行，且没有与滑轮相碰．)（3）若P 的质量取第（2）问中的最大值，由静止释放开始计时，当t =1s 时cd 已经处于匀速直线运动状态，求在这1s 内ab 上产生的焦耳热为多少？（二）选考题：共45分。
八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)2017届高三下学期第二次联考文综地理试题 含解析
第Ⅰ卷选择题(共35小题,每小题4分，共140分)在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
阿图什天门（39°39'N，75°31’E）位于新疆阿图什市与乌恰县交界处，这个由灰黄色的砾岩形成的天然石拱门呈"∩”字型，宽约100米,高457米，是地球上最高的天然石拱门,干燥的空气在狭窄的山脊间快速流动，侵蚀着岩壁,形成了风的通道，下图为某摄影爱好者拍摄的阿图什天门。
据此完成下列各题。
1。
下列地理事物成因与阿图什天门类似的是A. 喀斯特地貌B. 丹霞地貌C. 雅丹地貌 D。
风积地貌2。
在图1所示时刻，拍摄者位于太阳的什么方位，以及可能出现的地理现象是A。
东北该地与北京昼长相当B. 东南该地年正午太阳高度最大差值小于47.5°C。
东北此季节索马里半岛东面海域渔业资源丰富D. 东南阿图什天门的影子变化角度小于180°【答案】1。
C 2。
B【解析】1。
阿图什天门主要是由于风力侵蚀导致的。
A喀斯特地貌是流水侵蚀溶蚀作用形成的，B丹霞地貌是流水作用形成的，C 雅丹地貌是干旱地区风蚀形成的,D是风积地貌。
2.5月1日当地地方时18：20，太阳位于西北方，则拍摄者位于东南方，故AC错,天门山影长变化大于180°。
点睛：了解外力作用类型,区分外力作用形成的主要地貌类型的差异。
注意5月份是夏半年，日落西北方向。
拍摄者与太阳所在方位相对.温带地区正午太阳高度最大差值是47°。
下表是在对某区域5块不同林地连续9年的观测分析后所得到的侵蚀模数与滞留水模数的相关数据。
不同树种随树龄变化的水土流失特征，为该地区人工植被建设中的树种选择及抚育管理提供借鉴。
（研究表明,在其他条件相同的前提下，树冠大、高度较矮、树叶密度大、郁闭度高的林地拦截雨滴击溅的作用大，能延缓和分散降雨对地面的打击作用，水土流失量较小)。
据此完成下列各题。
5地9年统计数据表表中数据分别是：侵蚀模数/滞留水量模数【相对值】3. 与前三个小区相比，随着时间的增长，茶叶与松树林试验径流小区的侵蚀模数变化有差异的原因是①茶树每年要进行施肥与采茶，人为干扰程度大②松树林的树冠形状与郁闭度对延缓和分散降雨对地面的打击作用有限③茶树根浅，固土能力弱④松树林落叶量小，护土能力弱A。
2017届湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)高三下学期第二次联考文科综合-政治试题
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中八校荆州中学孝感高中襄阳五中襄阳四中2017届高三第二次联考文科综合政治能力测试命题学校：襄阳五中命题人：地理组政治组历史组审题人：张国防丁治东谭伟生张波郑晓梅赵元梅段林陈文施戴迎春考试时间：2017年3月16日上午9:00—11:30本试题卷共16页，共46题（含选考题）。
全卷满分300分。
考试用时150分钟。
第Ⅰ卷选择题共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
12．2016年某企业生产A产品50万件，劳动生产率与全社会持平，售价11元。
2017年为了进一步响应国家供给侧改革政策，一方面加强技术创新计划增加10%的投入用于新产品的研究，另一方面去产能化计划降低产量20%。
假如2017年社会劳动生产率提高10%，预计该企业2017年生产A产品的价格总额是多少A． 600万 B． 400万 C． 500万 D．550万13．年终奖是企业对全体员工的让利分红，即让员工充分享受企业一年的劳动成果，所以年终奖的数额即便说不上“甚巨”，也绝不会太寒酸。
但猴年岁末却有网友在网络论坛上爆料称，自己准备辞职，原因是自己收到的年终奖居然是20个馒头。
下列关于年终奖说法正确的是①企业具有自主经营权，能够自由选择员工报酬的发放方式②年终奖属于员工收入的一部分，应由创造的劳动价值决定③年终奖无论怎么发放都是一种有效的企业管理方法④年终奖水准的高低应成为衡量一家企业吸引力的重要指标A．①③ B．②③ C．②④ D．③④14．2017年元旦起，新能源汽车行业迎来了新的财政补贴标准：补贴额度比2016年降低20%，地方财政补贴不得超过中央单车补贴额的50%。
2017年至2018年，续航里程100公里至150公里的纯电动汽车中央补贴为2万元；150公里至250公里补贴3．6万元；大于250公里为4．4万元。
2019年至2020年中央及地方补贴标准和上限在2017年的基础上再降20%。
湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)2017届高三下学期第二次联考数学(理)试题缺答案
固原一中2017届高三第一次高考模拟考试文科数学参考答案一、选择题：本大题共12小题,每小题5分1-5 ABACD 6-10BCABD 11-12CD 二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分 13、114、1822=+y x 15、13 16、π8三。
解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤. (17）【答案】（Ⅰ）π()5sin(2)6f x x =-；（Ⅱ）π6.【解析】（Ⅰ）根据表中已知数据,解得6,2,3πϕω-===A . 数据补全如下表：x ωϕ+π2 π3π2 2π xπ12π37π125π613π12sin()A x ωϕ+30 —3 0且函数表达式为π()5sin(2)6f x x =-.【考点定位】“五点法”画函数π()sin()(0,||)2f x A x ωϕωϕ=+><在某一个周期内的图象,三角函数的平移变换,三角函数的性质.（18）【答案】（1）39a =；（2）2312n n S n -=+．【解析】(1）∵121n n S a +=-，∴1221a a =-,又∵1=1a ，∴23a =，∵121n n S a +=-， ∴2321S a =-,即1232()1a a a +=-，∴39a =;（2）∵121nn S a +=-,∴当2n ≥时,121n n S a -=-，∴12n n n a a a +=-，即13n n a a +=,∴1=3 (2)n na n a +≥，由121,3a a ==，得213a a =,∴{}n a 是以1为首项，3为公比的等比数列，∴1*3()n n a n -=∈N ,∴0121313335321n n T n -=++++++++-0121 =(3+3+3+3)+(1+3+5++21)n n -+-213(121)31=1322n n n n n -+--+=+-2312n n-=+．【考点】1、数列递推公式；2、等比数列定义和通项公式；3、数列求和.（18)解：(Ⅰ)因为60,2DAB AB AD ∠=︒=， 由余弦定理得3BD AD =从而BD 2+AD 2= AB 2，故BD ⊥AD 又PD ⊥底面A BCD ,可得BD ⊥PD 所以BD ⊥平面PAD. 故 PA ⊥BD （Ⅱ）如图,作DE ⊥PB,垂足为E 。
湖北省八校2017届高三下学期第二次联考英语试题及答案
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考英语试题命题学校:黄冈中学命题人：李文宏吕琴张红审题学校：黄石二中朱红琼潘利平第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AHere is a list of some of the best museums for children in America.Please Touch Children's MuseumThis museum lies in Philadelphia。
It offers Alice in Wonderland exhibits where young children can play with giant flowers and have tea parties。
Kids can also play on musical instruments and babies can crawl on lily pads, which make musical sounds.The Children's Museum of IndianapolisThis museum lies in Indiana. It holds a fair share of dinosaur fossils （化石）。
There are many fossils like the T. Rex，Bucky and many others in an 8，000-square-foot area. Around 10，000 man-made objects，including a 55—ton steam engine and a 33-foot tall water clock，are there in the 365,000-square-foot area. It also offers activities like dinosaur building，camps and classes featuring space themes and other educational programs.Boston Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Massachusetts。
湖北省八校(荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等)高三下学期第二次联考理科综合物理试卷
湖北省八校（荆州中学、襄阳五中、襄阳四中等）2017届高三下学期第二次联考理科综合物理试卷二、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14~18题只有一项是符合题目要求，第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分。
有选错的得0分。
14．下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下一定做匀变速运动B ．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下运动时，动能一定增加C ．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势一定降低D ．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势能一定减少15．如图所示，直线a 与四分之一圆弧b 分别表示两质点A 、B 从同一地点出发，沿同一方向做直线运动的v t -图。
当B 的速度变为0时，A 恰好追上B ，则A 的加速度为（ ）A ．21m/sB ．22m/sC ．2πm/s 2D ．2πm/s16．已知α粒子（即氦原子核）质量约为质子的4倍，带正电荷，电荷量为元电荷的2倍。
质子和α粒子在同一匀强磁场中做匀速圆周运动。
下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．若它们的动量大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为2:1 B ．若它们的速度大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1:4 C ．若它们的动能大小相同，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1:2D ．若它们由静止经过相同的加速电场加速后垂直进入磁场，则质子和α粒子的运动半径之比约为1:2 17．如图甲所示，理想变压器原副线圈的匝数比为5:1，V 和12R R 、分别是电压表、定值电阻，且12R =5R 。
已知ab 两端电压u 按图乙所示正弦规律变化。
下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．电压u瞬时值的表达式πt （V ） B ．电压表示数为40VC ．12R R 、两端的电压之比为5:1D ．12R R 、消耗的功率之比为1:518．下表是按照密立根的方法进行光电效应实验时得到的某金属的遏止电压U c 和入射光的频率v 的几组数据。
湖北省八校2017届高三下学期第二次联考英语试题及答案
鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第二次联考英语试题命题学校：黄冈中学命题人:李文宏吕琴张红审题学校：黄石二中朱红琼潘利平第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AHere is a list of some of the best museums for children in America.Please Touch Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Philadelphia. It offers Alice in Wonderland exhibits where young children can play with giant flowers and have tea parties. Kids can also play on musical instruments and babies can crawl on lily pads, which make musical sounds.The Children’s Museum of IndianapolisThis museum lies in Indiana. It holds a fair share of dinosaur fossils (化石). There are many fossils like the T. Rex, Bucky and many others in an 8,000-square-foot area. Around 10,000 man-made objects, including a 55-ton steam engine and a 33-foot tall water clock, are there in the 365,000-square-foot area. It also offers activities like dinosaur building, camps and classes featuring space themes and other educational programs.Boston Children’s MuseumThis museum lies in Massachusetts. The exhibits here are of health, art, science, culture and environment. In this museum, children also learn about Japanese culture. Activities like Play Lab, New Balance Climb and The Recycle Shop bring out the creativity in children.National Museum of PlayThis museum, which lies in Rochester area of New York, has a wide collection of dolls, games, toysand other home crafts dating back to the 19th century. Here, educational tours include stories of machines and other toys. Kids can walk in Sesame Street exhibit and cook food at play or TV studios.Children’s Museum of HoustonThis museum lies in Texas. Termed as the best playground for mind, this museum offers scores of activities for kids of every age. It even offers free family adventure events where families with their kids are encouraged to work on math activities and games. Children also learn about broadcasting activities and preserving ecosystems.21. One who has interest in environmental protection can choose to visit .A. National Museum of Play or Children’s Museum of HoustonB. Boston Children’s Museum or Children’s Museum of H oustonC. Please Touch Children’s Museum or Boston Children’s MuseumD. The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis or National Museum of Play22. While visiting National Museum of Play, you can take part in .A. dinosaur buildingB. New Balance ClimbC. playing with giant flowersD. cooking food at play or TV studios23. If a couple with kids of different ages want to do activities together, they should go to .A. TexasB. IndianaC. New YorkD. Massachusetts24. Who might be most interested in this passage?A. Parents.B. Students.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BI think it was October, 1982. A friend had business dealings in the city of Reno, Nevada, and I was asked to accompany her on an overnight trip. While she conducted her business, I was aimlessly wandering down Virginia Street，heading into a most gloriously beautiful sunset. I had an urge to speak to someone on the street to share that beauty, but I couldn’t make eye contact with anyone. Quickly I d ucked into a department store and asked the lady behind the counter if she could come outside for just a minute. She 1ooked at me as though I were from some other planet and said, “Well…’’ Surprisingly, she followed me out.When she got outside I said to her, “Just look at that sunset! Nobody out here was looking at it and I just had to share it with someone.”For a few seconds we just 1ooked. Then I said, “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.” Ithanked her for coming out to see it and sharing the beauty.Four years later my situation had changed considerably. I had come to the end of a twenty-year marriage. I was alone and on my own for the first time in my life. One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a Unity Magazine and read an article about a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a strange community, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: cosmetic sales in a department store. We had a lot in common.Then something happened to her that changed everything. She said a woman came into her department store and asked her to step outside to look at a sunset. The stranger had said, “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world.”, and she had realized the truth in that statement and that she simply had not been seeing it. From that moment on, she turned her life around.25. Why did the writer duck into a department store?A. She found it was boring with nobody talking to her.B. She wanted to buy something for her friend.C. She wanted to find somebody sharing the beautiful sunset.D. She thought it was his responsibility to share the natural beauty with others.26. What does the sentence “God’s in his heaven and all’s right with the world” mean?A. We should be optimistic in the face of uncertainty.B. We should believe in God who can help us when we are in trouble.C. We should never hold the belief that God can change our life.D. We should be independent and enjoy ourselves in spite of difficulties.27. What do you think finally changed the writer’s attitude towards life?A. The old magazine she came across.B. The encouragement from the woman.C. The sunset they enjoyed four years ago.D. The woman’s story.28. What may be the best title for the text?A. Depending on yourselfB. Sharing beautyC. Struggling every dayD. Never giving up halfwayCImagine you’ve finally landed a job of your dreams in another city. It’s everything you’d hoped for, but there’s only one problem— hous ing costs in the area are so high that you’re forced to live in a parkinglot.While this sounds like an impossible situation, this predicament is a reality for one man.Brandon, 25, is a software engineer for Google at its San Francisco, California campus.“I realized I was paying too large an amount of money for the apartment I was staying in, and I was almost never home,” he told Business Insider. “It’s really hard to justify throwing that money away. You’re not putting money into anything and you are not building it up for a future.”Since scoring his job in May 2015 following a successful internship, he’s been living in a truck on a parking lot a short distance from his workplace.The tech worker makes up for the lack of facilities by eating, using the bathroom and showering at work, also charging his phone and computer there.San Francisco is home to the most expensive rental market in the US, with the average rental for a one-bedroom apartment coming to ＄3,590 (24,900 yuan) a month, according to property site Zumper.And while some may not be able to handle giving up life’s luxuries just to put aside some cash, Brandon estimates that he’s saved almost ＄28,000 since he moved in just over 18 months ago.“Not only do I get to invest all of that redirected rent money, but I get to invest all the money I’m not spending on furniture, facilities and buying food,” Brandon wrote on his blog.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “predicament” in Paragraph2?A. possibilityB. disappointmentC. dilemmaD. mess30. Why does Brandon prefer to live in a truck on a parking lot?A. Because he has no time to go back to an apartment.B. Because the rent is too high and he thinks it isn’t worthwhile.C. Because his workplace provides him with what he needsD. Because he wants to save money for an apartment of his own.31. What does Brandon think of his choice?A. DifficultB. EmbarrassingC. PainfulD. WiseDPigeons may only have a brain the size of a thimble (顶针), but it appears that pigeons can categorize and name objects in the same way human children learn new words.A new study from the University of Iowa has shown that the birds are capable of learning to categorize128 different photographs into 16 basic categories.Scientists taught three pigeons to sort out different kinds of dogs or types of shoes, for example by using a particular symbol in exchange for a reward. When they were shown black and white pictures of previously unseen dogs or shoes, the birds were able to correctly match these with the corresponding symbols.The scientists behind the project say this is a similar approach taken by young children when they are first learning words for objects. However, the researchers said it took their birds around 40 days to perfect the task of learning just 16 categories.Professor Edward Wasserman, who led the work, said: “Our birds’ rate of learning appears to have been quite slow. Would children learn faster than pigeons? Almost certainly. However, our pigeons came to the experiment with no background knowledge at all. Thus, the more relevant comparison group may be newborn babies, who indeed take 6–9 months to learn their first words.”Writing in the journal Cognition, the researchers said their experiment was a very simple mirror of the way children are taught words — by their parents pointing to pictures and asking them to name the object.Pigeons are known to be smarter than many birds. Professor Bob McMurray, who also took part in the study, said the results showed that human learning is not as unique as was previously believed.He said: “Children are facing a huge task of learning thousands of words without a lot of background knowledge to go on. For a long time, people thought that such learning is special to humans. What this research shows is that the ways in which children solve this huge problem may be shared with many species.32. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. Pigeons and young children take a similar approach to learn words.B. Pigeons are known to be smarter than newborn babies.C. Pigeons recognize objects in the same way children learn words.D. Pigeons are unique as they can learn like humans.33. Why does the writer think newborn babies are the more relevant comparison group?A. Th ey don’t have any background knowledge.B. They learn relatively slow.C. Pigeons and newborn babies learn at a similar speed.D. Young children are smarter.34. From the passage, we can learn that .A. learning without background knowledge is unique to humansB. many species may be able to learn without background knowledgeC. pigeons are able to solve many huge problemsD. pigeons are known to be the smartest birds35. The passage is intended to .A. introduce pigeonsB. prove a factC. support an opinionD. report a study第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
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第Ⅰ卷选择题（共35小题，每小题4分，共140分）在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
阿图什天门（39°39’N,75°31’E）位于新疆阿图什市与乌恰县交界处，这个由灰黄色的砾岩形成的天然石拱门呈"∩"字型，宽约100米，高457米，是地球上最高的天然石拱门，干燥的空气在狭窄的山脊间快速流动，侵蚀着岩壁，形成了风的通道，下图为某摄影爱好者拍摄的阿图什天门。
据此完成下列各题。
1. 下列地理事物成因与阿图什天门类似的是A. 喀斯特地貌B. 丹霞地貌C. 雅丹地貌D. 风积地貌2. 在图1所示时刻，拍摄者位于太阳的什么方位，以及可能出现的地理现象是A. 东北该地与北京昼长相当B. 东南该地年正午太阳高度最大差值小于47.5°C. 东北此季节索马里半岛东面海域渔业资源丰富D. 东南阿图什天门的影子变化角度小于180°【答案】1. C 2. B【解析】1.阿图什天门主要是由于风力侵蚀导致的。
A喀斯特地貌是流水侵蚀溶蚀作用形成的，B丹霞地貌是流水作用形成的，C雅丹地貌是干旱地区风蚀形成的，D是风积地貌。
2.5月1日当地地方时18:20，太阳位于西北方，则拍摄者位于东南方，故AC错，天门山影长变化大于180°。
点睛：了解外力作用类型，区分外力作用形成的主要地貌类型的差异。
注意5月份是夏半年，日落西北方向。
拍摄者与太阳所在方位相对。
温带地区正午太阳高度最大差值是47°。
下表是在对某区域5块不同林地连续9年的观测分析后所得到的侵蚀模数与滞留水模数的相关数据。
不同树种随树龄变化的水土流失特征，为该地区人工植被建设中的树种选择及抚育管理提供借鉴。
（研究表明，在其他条件相同的前提下，树冠大、高度较矮、树叶密度大、郁闭度高的林地拦截雨滴击溅的作用大，能延缓和分散降雨对地面的打击作用，水土流失量较小）。
据此完成下列各题。
5地9年统计数据表表中数据分别是：侵蚀模数/滞留水量模数【相对值】3. 与前三个小区相比，随着时间的增长，茶叶与松树林试验径流小区的侵蚀模数变化有差异的原因是①茶树每年要进行施肥与采茶，人为干扰程度大②松树林的树冠形状与郁闭度对延缓和分散降雨对地面的打击作用有限③茶树根浅，固土能力弱④松树林落叶量小，护土能力弱A. ①②B. ①④C. ②③D. ③④4. 若用下列树种进行城市绿化，则从长远来看最易于起到海绵城市作用的是A. 毛竹B. 杉木C. 林灌混交D. 松树5. 上题该城最有可能是A. 广州B. 孟买C. 新加坡D. 南昌【答案】3. A 4. C 5. D【解析】3.茶叶是经济作物，采摘后对雨水的截流作用有限，松树树叶成针状，树冠的形状对雨水截留作用弱4.林灌混交的水土保持效果最好。
5.南昌为亚热带季风气候，最适宜表格中植物的生长。
4题：根据表格信息，滞留水量模数最大的是林灌混交。
海绵城市滞留水量大，若用下列树种进行城市绿化，则从长远来看最易于起到海绵城市作用的是林灌混交，C对。
其它数种滞留水量较小，A、B、D错。
5题：根据表格中植被类型，该城市适宜生长毛竹、茶树，应位于我国亚热带季风气候区，最有可能是南昌，D对。
广州、孟买、新加坡位于热带地区，A、B、C错。
地形对局部气候的影响很大，读左下图（图中箭头表示气流运动方向）和右下图，两图图示地区均位于北半球。
据此完成下列各题。
6. 下列关于左上图说法正确的是A. E坡的气温日较差、年较差大于F坡的B. 气流从A地到B地的气温变化值等于从B到C的气温变化值C. EF两坡的雪线高度相同D. A地的人类活动比C地的人类活动多7. 在右上图中，有一台风中心在甲乙之间的海岸线上登陆，则下列四地中洪涝灾害最严重的是A. 甲B. 乙C. 丙D. 丁8. 上题该地洪涝灾害最严重的主要原因是A. 该地吹东南风，从海洋上携带大量水汽形成地形雨B. 台风在该地滞留时间长，降水持续时间长C. 该地位于东南风背风坡，气流下沉降水较多D. 该地位于东北风的迎风坡，山地抬升作用显著【答案】6. D 7. B 8. A【解析】6. E为迎风坡水汽多温差小，AB之前的温度变化小于BC，E的雪线更低，A为迎风坡降水多，人类活动密集。
7.乙地吹东南风，登陆风降水多。
8.乙地吹东南风是登陆风，遇到山地阻挡形成大量的地形雨。
6题：读图，根据图中气流运动方向，E坡是迎风坡，降水多，阴天多，气温日较差、年较差小于F坡，A 错。
气流从A地到B地的气温变化幅度等于从B到C的气温变化幅度，B错。
EF两坡的雪线高度不同，E 坡是迎风坡，雪线较低，C错。
A地水热条件较C地好，人类活动比C地的人类活动多，D对。
点睛：了解地形对气候的影响，在迎风坡降水多，雪线低。
台风是强烈发展的热带气旋，在北半球呈逆时针方向辐合。
受来自海洋的风影响，降水较多。
受来自陆地内部风影响，降水少。
甲乙两城市间的直线距离为590Km，连接甲乙两城有三条交通线路。
左下图为甲乙两城三条交通线的沿线海拔随距离变化图，右下图影响交通运价的因素及关联图。
据此完成下列各题。
9. 线路M、N、P对应的交通运输方式最可能的是A. 公路、高铁、高速公路B. 公路、航空、河运C. 高铁、高速公路、省道D. 航空、高铁、村村通10. 线路M沿线海拔变化最小，距离最短，下列关于线路M所对应的运输方式的说法最恰当的是A. 运价最低B. 沿线多桥梁和隧道C. 沿线停靠站点最多D. 终点在乙城外32Km11. 结合图5中的四图，下列说法符合Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ特点的是A. 看Ⅰ图，运距、重量和运输方式相同，棉花的运价大于铁锭B. 看Ⅱ图，线路P上的运价大于线路MC. 看Ⅲ图，重量相同的活鱼和杏仁运价相等D. 看Ⅳ图，其他条件相同，黄金单位重量运费小于铁锭【答案】9. C 10. B 11. A9题：读图，根据线路形态分析，线路M、N距离较近，线路平直，说明线路级别高，车速快。
M线路最平直，可能是高铁。
N线路较平直，可能是高速公路。
P线路长，且沿线的起伏较大，线路弯曲，对应的交通运输方式最可能的是省道。
C对，A、B、D错。
10题：结合前面分析，线路M沿线海拔变化最小，距离最短，所对应的运输方式可能是高铁，运价高，A 错。
为保证线路平直，沿线多桥梁和隧道，B对。
沿线停靠站点最少，C错。
根据图中M、N距甲城距离，分析终点在乙城外约29Km，D错。
11题：结合右图中的四图，看Ⅰ图，运价与产品密度成负相关，运距、重量和运输方式相同，棉花的运价大于铁锭，A对。
看Ⅱ图，运输距离与运价成正相关，但是线路M单位运价高，不能判断线路P上的运价大于线路M，B错。
看Ⅲ图，因单位产品价格不同，重量相同的活鱼需要在水里才能成活，和杏仁运价不相等，B错。
看Ⅳ图，其他条件相同，黄金单位价格高，单位重量运费大于铁锭，D错。
第Ⅱ卷非选择题本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。
第前两题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答。
后两题为选考题，考生根据要求作答。
12. 阅读图文资料，完成下列要求。
（20分）材料一：重庆奉节位于三峡库区沿岸，奉节脐橙被评为中国地理标志产品。
奉节的气候环境非常适合脐橙的生长，但冻害对脐橙危害大。
下两图分布为三峡大坝建成前后的脐橙冻害分布示意图。
材料二：目前奉节脐橙绝大多部分是中熟产品，它从每年10月到次年1月成熟，而全国其他产地的脐橙也都几乎同时上市。
近年来不少外省市的脐橙冒充奉节脐橙到市场上销售。
材料三：按加工层次，脐橙加工业划分为以罐头生产、原汁榨取为主的初级加工业，以饮料生产、香精与色素提取、果酸加工为主的中高级加工业。
（1）分析三峡修建前后奉节脐橙冻害的变化情况及原因。
（2）如何破解材料二中奉节脐橙面临的困境。
（3）分析奉节脐橙加工业的区位优势并说明材料三中脐橙加工业不同加工层次的布局导向。
【答案】（1）奉节脐橙冻害由轻冻害区转化为无冻害区，原因三峡建成后库区水域面积大，水的比热容大降温慢，冬季奉节气温升高冻害消失。
（2）培育和推广早熟、晚熟脐橙品种，错峰上市，提高市场竞争力；加强奉节脐橙的品牌宣传和保护，统一标识、统一包装形象和质量标准。
（3）优势：原料丰富，市场大，劳动力成本低等；初级加工业是原料导向型工业，中高级加工业是市场导向型工（3）初级加工业是原料导向型工业，根据材料，该地发展脐橙生产，初级加工业靠近原料产地，原料丰富，劳动力成本低等。
中高级加工业是市场导向型工业，面临的市场广大。
点睛：利用图例等信息，分析冻害的变化情况及原因。
了解材料中反映的问题，产品同时进入市场，导致产品价格低，采取针对性措施是错开成熟的高峰时间上市。
了解工业指向类型及形成原因。
13. 阅读图文资料，完成下列要求。
（26分）材料一：世界上有许多谷地。
从形态上看，有“U”型谷，如挪威峡湾；有“V”型谷，如雅鲁藏布江谷地；有“”型谷，如东非大裂谷。
谷地对气候、生物、水文等影响很大，河谷往往也是人类活动集中的地区。
材料二：读左下图斯堪的纳维亚半岛西侧某河谷剖面简图，该谷地沿线无断层。
材料三：右下图美国西北部奎茨河及等高线分布图，该河谷植被茂密，被称为温带“雨林”，是美国大陆“最潮湿”的地方。
（1）结合材料及所学知识，说明左上图中该形态河谷的形成过程。
（2）河谷地区有大量的河相沉积物，请你指出河相沉积物在空间上和颗粒上的特点。
（3）河谷地区往往是人类文明的发祥地，从资源环境的角度，分析河谷地带对古人类活动的有利影响。
（4）从地理位置和地形的角度，说明奎茨河谷“最潮湿”的原因。
【答案】（1）冰川侵蚀作用，形成“U”型谷；后来，冰川后退，谷地中河流的下切侵蚀，形成“V”型河谷。
（2）从上游到下游，沉积物的磨圆度越好，越细；沉积物有层理结构，分选好。
（回答2个即可）（3）谷地海拔低，热量充足；谷坡有森林和草地，提供木材、牧场和狩猎；谷底中的河流，提供饮用、灌溉水源、捕鱼和运输；河流带来泥沙堆积谷底，提供肥沃的土壤，有利于种植业，提供粮食。
（4）奎茨河谷位于中纬度大陆西岸，终年受盛行西风影响，降水较多；该河谷位于太平洋东北岸，受阿拉斯加暖流，增温增湿；谷地向西敞开，谷底呈西南—东北走向，有利于西风沿河谷深入，抬升作用明显多地形雨，水汽充足；影响奎茨河谷纬度较高，海拔较高，晴天少气温低，蒸发弱；植被茂密，蒸腾作用强（3）河谷地带的资源环境特点，可以结合食物来源分析。
河谷地区的海拔低，热量充足。
谷坡有森林和草地，提供木材、牧场和狩猎。
谷底中的河流，可提供饮用、灌溉水源、捕鱼和运输。
河流带来泥沙堆积谷底，提供肥沃的土壤，有利于种植业，提供粮食。
请考生在下二道地理题中任选一题作答，若多做，则按所做的第一题计分。
作答时用2B铅笔在答题卡上将所选题目的题号涂黑。
14. ［地理——选修3：旅游地理］（10分）材料一：在2016年CTF全球旅行者大会上评选的“国内最佳旅游城市排行榜”，成都位居首位、第二名是上海、厦门排名第三。