Parents Presentation

心理： • 记忆力较强，可以找到自己之前放置的物品 • 做事之前会考虑，开始有自己的主意 • “我”的意识变得强烈起来，越来越意识到自己的是一个独立的个体 • 喜欢模仿 • 害怕陌生人和陌生环境，对家人有很强的依恋感 • 表现出不同的情绪，并且通过这些情绪来回复他人 • 能表现出喜好，表现心情和喜欢的东西
7-9 months
生理： • 不需要东西支撑就可以坐很长时间，且自己能够变换位置 • 可以爬行（姿势不同） • 牵着他们的手可以站立，也有的孩子可以自己扶着东西站起来，可以扶物行走 • 能够使用拇指和食指将物品捏起，可以控制食指，手眼配合能力增强 • 可以倒手（从一只手换到另一只手） Physical • Can sit for a long time without support, and they can change position • Can crawl with different poster • They can stand up when the adults holding their hands , and some of them can stand up by holding objects and holding the objects to walk. • Can pinch things by thump and index , can control their index, improved in eye-hand coordination skill • Can transfer objects from one hand to another hand.
10-12 months
生理： • 能够独自站立 • 能够扶物行走或者独立行走 • 能完成成套的动作（取出-放回，打开-合上） • 手指灵活性更强，能够运用五指抓或者食指和拇指进行两指抓
Physical • Can stand independently • Can walk by holding tools or walk independently • Can finish a set of actions (take out- put back. Open---close ) • Fingers are more flexible, can hold by 5 figures or pinch by thump and index
心理： • 认识照顾者 • 不同的人回应的方式不同，表现出不同的情感 • 叫名字时有回应 • 需要帮助时会召唤照顾着 • 喜欢和大人做游戏 • 有眼神的交流 Psychological • Can recognize the caregiver • Respond differently and shown different feelings to different person • Can respond when you call their name • Can pay caregiver’s attention when they need help • Like to play with adults • Eye touch
Hale Waihona Puke 心理： • 会微笑 • 有眼神的交流 • 贴近脸颊能够使其平静 • 抱着的时候有回应 • 可以通过声音、表情或者头部动作表达自己的满足或不满足 Psychological : • Smile • Eye touch • Close to the check can let them calm down • When you hug them they can respond • Can express their satisfaction or dissatisfaction through the sound, expression or the movement of the head.
4-6 months
生理： • 控制头部（转头、抬头） • 能够翻身，能从一个地方滚到另一个地方 • 有支撑时能够坐一会 • 可以短距离的匍匐前进 • 开始把东西放进嘴里
Physical • Control the head( turning head and raise head up) • Can turn over from one place to another place • Can sit down for a while with support • Can creeping forward for a short distance • Begin to put things into their mouth
13-18 months
生理： • 独立行走越来越平稳 • 会弯腰捡东西 • 喜欢尝试自己洗手、洗脸 • 能控制大小便 • 语言能力迅速发展，说话的语音、语调开始象爸爸妈妈 • 会用语言表达自己想要的东西，会使用肢体语言表达
Physical • Walk more and more stable independently • They can bend and pick things up • Would like to try to wash hands and face by themselves • Can control defecation • Language skills develop very fast, the tong of voice begin to sound like their parents • Can express their need by language, can express by body language
• • •
has a strong dependence on the care giver, may have anxious on separation Some of the child begin to “fear of strangers” They may refuse the things that they don’t like Will be angry and cry when someone take their toys
0-3岁婴幼儿生理和心理发展
0-3 Infant & Toddler Physical and Mental Development
0-3 months
生理： • 婴幼儿最初的任务就是要控制自己的头部：能够短时间的将头抬起；能够转动头部 • 很多动作都是条件反射不受婴幼儿意识的控制 • 不能控制双手，通常双手紧握，不会松开 • 眼睛能够跟随移动的物体或是脸庞，并且开始调节眼部 • 吸吮或咀嚼靠近嘴边的物品
Physical : • The first target of child at the very beginning is to control their head, and raise their head up in a short time; can move their head. • A lot of actions are natural-reactions and it’s not controlled by children’s consciousness • Can’t control their hands, normally they hold their hands tightly, don’t loose. • Eyes can chase the moving objects or the faces, begin to adjust eyes. • Suck or chew the object near their mouth.
心理： • 见到父母会开心的笑，见到陌生人有的孩子会哭 • 对照顾者有很强的依赖，可能会出现害怕分离的现象 • 有的孩子开始“认生” • 对不喜欢的东西会拒绝 • 拿走他手里的玩具会生气而哭
Psychological
• • Smile when see parents, some of the child will cry when they see the strangers
心理： • 开始自己动脑解决问题 • 开始想象，并且扮演角色 • 可能明白物品的归属（这个是我的，那个是爸爸的） • 可能开始储蓄自己的财产，拒绝分享 • 想要独立（我做！） • 可能开始说：不！即便是自己想要的东西 Psychological • • • • • • To start their own brains to solve problems Begin to imagine, and play a role May understand goods ownership (this is mine, that is my dad’s) May start to save their own property, refusing to share wants to be independent (I will do it!) May began to say: no! Even that’s the thing what they want
19-24 months
生理： • 能够走得很快很稳、很少摔倒 • 可以跑，但不是很灵活，停止和转身有困难 • 拉着一直手，能够上楼梯 • 自己穿一些简单、易穿的衣服 • 自己拿勺子、叉子、杯子，但是可能还是会洒 • 喜欢帮助做家务 Physical • Can walk fast and stable ,rarely fall • They can run, but not so flexible, Have difficulty to stop and turn around • Can climb up the steps by holding one hand • He put some simple, easy to wear clothes • Take the spoon, fork, cups, but may still be sprinkled • Like to help with the housework
心理： • 发现周围事情/物品的警觉 • 有初步的自我意识 • 喜欢看别人玩耍但不喜欢分享 • 喜欢叫妈妈，不愿意母亲抱别人
psychological • The awareness of the things around • Have Preliminary self consciousness • Like to look at other children play but don’t like to share • like to stay with their mom, and don’t like their mom hug other children
Psychological • Have a good memory, they can find the objects they set before • Begin to have their own idea, they will consider before they doing things • Have a strong sense of “ I ”, and aware that he is a individual person • Like to imitate others • Fear of strangers and unfamiliar environment, have a strong sense of attachment to the family • Show different emotion, and respond to others through these emotions • They can show preferences, and moods and love