第九节 正反、反正翻译法
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英语反面,译文正面
(2)副词
He carelessly glanced through the note and got away. 他马马虎虎地看了看那张便条就走了。 “I don’t know if I ought to have come,” she said breathlessly. “我不知道我该不该来。”她气喘喘地说。
• “Don’t stop working,” he said. (反面
表达)
• 他说:“继续干活吧。”
达)
(正面表
• 英语里有些从反面表达的词或句子,译文 中从正面表达。
第四章:翻译技巧(上)——正说反译、反说正译法
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Keep off the lawn! 请勿践踏草地!(正说反译)
I couldn’t agree more with you. 我完全同意你的看法。
For him the wheel of slumber was wont to turn noiseless and slick and swift. 对于他,睡眠的轮子习惯于静悄悄地、顺溜溜地、 迅速地转动。 The scientist must approach the familiar just as carefully and cautiously as he does the unfamiliar. 科学家们在处理熟知的事物时,必须像处理陌生 的事物一样小心谨慎。
(四)名词 1.It was said that someone had sown discord among them. 据说有人在他们中间挑拨离间。 2.Generally she accepted the family life in all its crowded inadequacy. 在通常情况下,她还是能忍受她那拥挤寒 碜的家庭生活的。 3.He took an instinctive dislike to the woman. 他本能地讨厌那女人。
Just make yourself at home. 不要客气。/别见外 He was the last man to say such things. 他绝不会说这 样的话。
Good winner, good loser. 胜不骄,败不馁。
4
正反、反正表示法
• 总结 • 在英语中,正面和反面表达主要是指是否 用no, not或者带有de-,dis-,in-,un-,-less等词 缀的词。 • 注意:有些词,例如dismiss(下课)虽有反面 表达的前缀,但是dismiss不算是反面表达 的词。 • 在中文中,正面和反面表达主要是指是否 用“非”,“无”,“没(有)”, “未”,“否”等字。
(五)短语 1. Students,with no exception,are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 今天下午学生统统要交书面作业。 2. Jim was no end upset because he couldn't go swimming. 吉姆非常不高兴,因为他不能去游泳。 3. Don’t lose time in posting this letter. 赶快把这封信寄出去。
(六)名词
句子中含有否定语气的名词,可译为否定句。这类名词如: defiance (不顾,无视) denial (否认,否定) exclusion (排除) freedom (不,免除) lack (无,缺乏) failure (不成功,不足,不履行) refusal ( 不愿,不允许) loss (失去)
拓荒者不避艰险
3)The escaped criminal is still at large.(在逃,逍遥法外)
逃犯仍未捉拿归案。
(八)句子
1)He was 75, but he carried his years lightly. 他七十五岁了,可是并不显老。
2)As was expected, the enemy walked right into the trap.
(六)句子 1. Such flights couldn't long escape notice. 这类飞行迟早会被人发觉的。 2.Sir Percival's spies were not going to lose sight of me. 珀西伐尔爵士的密探一直在监视我的行踪。 3.No man can have too much knowledge and practice. 知识和实践越多越好。
The thought of returning to his native land never deserted him. 归国的念头始终萦绕在他的心中。
(3)形容词
英文反面,译文正面
He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. 他这个人优柔寡断,而且总是反复无常。
正反、反正表示法
• • • • •
一、英语从正面表达,译文从反面表达 (一)动词 Such a chance was denied me. 我没有得到这样一个机会。 If he had kept his temper, the negotiation would probably have been a success. • 如果他不发脾气,谈判很可能已经成功了。 • The mistake escaped me. • 我没注意到这个错误。
正反、反正表示法
• • • •
(二)副词 We may safely say so. 我们这样说错不了。 They resumed(重新占用) their seats moodily (易生气地). • 他们又不愉快地坐了下来。 • We live meagerly(贫乏地), but as the same time, we blessed in many ways. • 我们生活并不富裕,但在很多方面我们又 是幸运的。
(1)动词
The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations. 虽然他一再解释,但疑团仍然存在。
“Don’t unstring your shoes, Roody, ”she said. 她说:“把鞋带系上,罗比。” Scientists have unlocked the secret of the atom. 科学家已经揭开了原子的秘密。
(五)连接词(before, rather than, unless, till等)
1)I will not go unless I hear from him. 如果他不通知我,我就不去。 2)She couldn’t sit still till her native country was free. 祖国不解放,她就不能袖手旁观。 3)The soldiers would fight to death before they surrendered. 战士们宁愿战死也决不投降。
正反、反正表示法
• (三)形容词 • We are watching the fluid situation with concern. • 我们关注着动荡不安的局势。 • Appearance is deceptive. • 外表是靠不住的。 • But I stood firm.(P191 line2) • 但是我丝毫没有退步。
1)This failure was the making of him. 这次不成功是他成功的基础。
2)Her abstraction was not because of the tea party.
她那种心不在焉的神气,并不是因为那个茶会的缘故。 3)The two brothers have been at variance for many years. 这兄弟俩不和睦已有好多年了。
正反、反正表示法
• • • •
(四)前置词 This problem is above me. 这个问题我不懂。 But that’s extraordinary. It seems against nature. • 不过这种事情很不平常,似乎也不符合自 然规律。 • It is beyond his power to sign such a contract. • 他无权签订合同。
第九节 正反、反正表示法
第四章:翻译技巧(上)——正说反译、反说正译法
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Negation (反译法:正说反译、反说正译法)
所谓反译法就是指原文从正面表达的,译文可 以从反面着笔翻译,如把肯定句译成否定句,或 者把否定句译成肯定句。
2
正反、反正表示法
• Excuse me. (正面表达) • 对不起。 (反面表达) • 英语中有些从正面表达的词或句子。译文 中从反面表达。
3) Seeing is believing. 不出所料,敌人果然自投罗网。 百闻不如一见。
Байду номын сангаас
英语从反面表达,译文从正面表达
简言之: 英语中用 no, not, 或者带有de-, dis-, im-, in-, un-, -less 等 等词缀, 汉语中不出现不、非、无、 未、否、没等字。
英语反面,译文正面
(七)短语
1)When Philip missed the last bus, he was at a loss to know
what to do.
菲利普误了最后一班公共汽车,茫茫然不知道该怎么办。
2)The pioneers made light of difficulties and dangers.