ZnO超微粉的溶胶_凝胶法制备及晶体生长特征

　第29卷第6期硅酸盐学报Vol.29,No.6

　2001年12月JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY December,2001 Z nO超微粉的溶胶-凝胶法制备及晶体生长特征

黄焱球1,2,刘梅冬1,曾亦可1,李楚容1,夏冬林1,刘少波1,韩　健2

(1.华中科技大学电子科学与技术系,武汉　430074;2.中国地质大学材料科学与化学工程学院,武汉　430074)

摘　要:利用溶胶-凝胶法以醋酸锌及硝酸铋和醋酸锰制备了纯ZnO以及Bi2O3,MnO掺杂的ZnO超微粉体.通过X射线衍射分析和透射电镜分析,研究了不同温度和不同掺杂条件下ZnO粉体的生长特征.结果表明,ZnO晶体的生长受掺杂元素和制备温度的显著影响.未掺杂的纯ZnO晶体生长具有各向同性特征,晶体呈各边近相等的六边形.Bi2O3,MnO掺杂后,ZnO晶体表现出显著的定向生长特征,晶体呈板状、棒状等形态.掺杂量为0.5%～1.0%摩尔分数时,晶体定向生长最为显著.700℃下制备的Bi2O3,MnO掺杂的ZnO晶体短轴一般为40～180 nm,长轴200～600nm,极少数晶体长径达2μm以上.而进一步提高掺杂量时,晶体定向生长则逐渐减弱.700℃下制备的掺杂量为2.0%摩尔分数的ZnO晶体基本上无定向性.表明ZnO晶体的生长受次晶相的显著影响.

关键词:氧化锌微粉;溶胶-凝胶法;晶体生长;晶体形态;生长习性

中图分类号:O614.24 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0454-5648(2001)06-0580-04

PREPARATION AN D CR YSTAL GR OWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF DOPE D AN D

UN DOPE D Z nO U LTRA-FINE POWDERS B Y SOL-GE L METH OD

Huang Yanqiu1,2,L iu Meidong1,Zeng Yike1,L i Churong1,Xia Donglin1,L iu S haobo1,Han Jian2

(1.Department of Electronic Science&Technology,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan　430074;

2.Faculty of Material Science&Chemistry Engineering,China University of G eosciences,Wuhan　430074)

Abstract:ZnO ultra-fine powders undoped and doped with Bi2O3and MnO were synthesized by sol-gel method from the sols con2 taining zinc acetate only and its mixture with bismuth nitrate and manganese acetate.The growth characteristics of the crystals doped with different quantities of additives at different tem peratures were investigated.XRD and TEM studies show that the growth of ZnO crystals is affected strongly by the temperature and dopants.The growth of undoped ZnO crystals shows isotropic characteristics and its morphology is hexagonal.The ZnO crystals doped with Bi2O3and MnO show preferred orientation growth,with the plank-like and stick-like forms.Highly orientated crystals appear at the contents of0.5%to1.0%(in mole)(Bi2O3,MnO),and the particles can be obtained at700℃with the minor axis of40to180nm and the long axis of200to600nm,or even longer than2μm.But at a higher content of the dopants,the crystal orientation growth gradually disappear.The ZnO crystals doped with2.0%(Bi2O3, MnO)at700℃did not show any preferred orientation growth.These results indicate that the growth of ZnO crystals is strongly af2 fected by the segregation of the secondary phases.

K ey w ords:zinc oxide ultra-fine powders;sol-gel method;crystal growth;crystals morphology;growth habit

ZnO粉体是一种具有多种独特性能的材料,在压敏电阻、导电材料、发光材料、光电子元器件、气敏传感器、光催化剂、化妆品及涂料等领域具有广泛的用途.ZnO粉体的性质与它的粒度、晶体形

收稿日期:2000-12-14.

作者简介:黄焱球(1964～),男,博士研究生,副教授.态、掺杂情况等紧密相关.近年来不少学者就ZnO 纳米粉体、超微粉体、掺杂粉体等不同类型粉体的制备方法、性质及其应用等方面进行了研究[1～6],特别是利用纯的和掺杂ZnO纳米粉体来制备压敏

R eceived d ate:2000-12-14.

Biography:Huang Y anqiu(1964—),male,postgraduate for doctor de2 gree,associate professor.