北京地区成人本科学位英语考试复习资料—词汇

第二部分词汇

第一节形近词和近义词

1、abroad aaV•到（在）国夕卜

【搭配】from abroad从国外回来；go abroad到国外去【用法】表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。

如：She often goes abroad on business.她经常到国外出差。【辨

2、accept K接受

【辨析】accept和receive：accept表示“接受”而receive表示“接到，收到”

如：I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn't accept it.

『例』（1) He is an honest official and never B any gifts from people who sought his help.

A. received

B. accepted

C. expected

D. took up

『解析』句意：他是一个诚实的军官，从来不接受任何向他求助的人的礼物。expect期望；take up开始从事，着手处理。

(2) So far(迄今为止）I haven’t A any instructions as to(关于）what to do next.

A. received

B. accepted

C. achieved

D. recovered 『解析』句意：迄今为止，我没有收到下一步工作的指

令。achieve获得；recover恢复。

3、accident A意外或偶然发生的事故

【搭配】by accident偶然地（=by chance)

Happenings

『解析』用假产品欺骗顾客的事件不应当发生。

4、accuse K指责，指控

【搭配】accuse sb. of sth.指控某人某事

A. for

B. with

C. of

D. against

『解析』句意：顾客指责厨师使用罐装土豆。

(2)He was accused C stealing from the shop.

A. with

B. in

C. of

D. at

『解析』句意：他被指控在商店盗窃。

(3)The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and B him of speeding.

A. charged

B. accused

C. blamed

D. deprived

『解析』句意：警察把他拦下，指控他超速驾驶。charge sb. with指控某人；blame sb. for为某事责备某

人；deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某事。

辨析】acquire, require和inquire

5、acquire K取得，获得

A. attained

B. achieved

C. required

D. acquired

『解析』句意：Smith先生逐渐获得了关于这门课的知识。achieve取得（胜利、成功等)，实现（目标、目的等）；

attain达到（目的等)，取得（成就等)。

6、act A行为，动作；K行为，举动

『例』Mr. Smith gradually D a knowledge of the subject.

A.to

B. on

C. at

D. as

『解析』句意：你必须按照医生的建议去做。

(2)We all know that D speak louder than words.

A.movements

B.performances

C.operations

D.actions

『解析』句意：我们都知道行动胜过言辞。movement运动；performance表现，表演；operation操作，运转。

7、addition A加；增加；加法

【辨析】in addition和in addition to

这两个词组都可表示“除了，此外”等意思，用来表示两个事物或动作之间的增补关系。但两者的语法功能和用法不同。

in addition是一介词短语，作副词用，相当于词组as we丨丨，其后不能跟名词或其他任何成分，一般位于两个句子中间或位于句末。位于两句中时，常用一逗号与句子隔开。

如：There are many shops around the railway station. In addition, there are some newly-built hotels there.

in addition to是一短语介词，其后接名词或代词等作其宾语，意义大体相当as well as和besides。

如：In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.

8、adopt K收养，采纳，采用【辨

析】adopt和adapt

adopt：①收养。如:Since they have no children, they decided to adopt a little girl.

②采纳，采用。如：He adopted our suggestion. adapt：使适应（用于短语adapt sb. to

sth.)。如：I have adapted myself to the college life.

『例』As they haven’t a child of their own, they’re going to D a little girl.

A. accept

B. receive

C. adapt

D. adopt

『解析』句意：因为他们没有自己的孩子，他们打算收养一个小女孩。

9、advise K建议

【搭配】advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事；advise doing sth.建议做某事【注意】后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。