口译 Week 3 Politics
基础英语口语68｜Politics政治
基础英语口语68｜Politics政治句子：1. No one in the modern world escapes the effects of politics. 现代社会，没有人能回避政治的影响。
2. Most of us think of politics as having to do with government leaders. 我们大多数人会把政治与政府领导人联系在一起。
3. Those politics dictate the life of a country and the manner in which its people live. 政治决定了一个国家的命运和人民的生活方式。
4. Politics and politicians can create peace and wealth, or war and poverty. 政治和政治家既可以创造和平和财富，也可能制造战争和贫穷。
5. Intergovernmental diplomacy between different countries may rely on ambassadors who represent their countries abroad. 不同国家之间的政府外交可能依赖于在国外代表他们国家的大使。
6. Domestic and international policies are decided by politicians. 国内和国际间的政策由政治家们决定。
7. However politics comes into our lives every day without the big world of government politics. 然而，没有政府政治这个世界，政治在我们日常生活中也随处可见。
8. Inside our work place, politics may determine who our bosses are. 在我们的工作场所，政治可能决定谁是我们的老板。
常用口译术语(政治与外交)
杨洁篪部长在美中关系全国委员会和美中贸委会午宴上的讲话（2011年9月22日，纽约）尊敬的卡拉·希尔斯主席，尊敬的穆泰康主席，尊敬的欧伦斯会长，女士们，先生们：首先，我感谢美中关系全国委员会和美中贸委会作出周到安排，使我有机会与美国各界重要人士见面。
作为中美之间相互了解与合作的重要桥梁，美中关系全国委员会和美中贸委会长期以来为促进两国关系发展作出了积极贡献，我对此表示高度赞赏。
我这次来纽约是出席联合国大会。
今年是中华人民共和国恢复在联合国合法席位40周年，我很荣幸能够在这个具有特殊意义的时刻代表中国出席联大。
过去40年，中国走过了一条不平凡的发展道路。
特别是经过33年改革开放，中国人民坚持不懈探索和奋斗，走出了一条符合中国国情、具有中国特色的发展道路，在经济、政治、社会、文化等各个领域都取得巨大发展成就。
与此同时，中国的前途命运日益紧密地同世界的前途命运联系在一起。
中国对联合国事务的参与就是中国不断融入世界、积极参与全球化进程的生动写照。
中国先后加入100多个政府间国际组织和300多项多边条约，并在其中发挥重要作用；面对历史罕见的国际金融危机，中国在20国集团等机制框架下与世界主要经济体密切协调配合，共同致力于促进世界经济复苏和可持续增长；中国积极参与反恐、防扩散、气候变化、防灾减灾等领域的国际合作及联合国维和行动，就处理和解决诸多重大国际地区问题发挥着重要建设性作用。
女士们、先生们，中国的发展繁荣以及与世界的积极互动无疑是当今世界格局最显著的变化之一，对中国自身、对世界都产生了深远影响，同时也推动了中美关系发展。
今年是“乒乓外交”和基辛格博士秘密访华40周年，明年我们还将迎来尼克松总统访华40周年。
当年这些历史事件深刻改变了国际战略格局，开启了中美关系改善和发展的历史篇章。
在中美两国几代领导人、政治家和各界有识之士共同努力下，中美关系虽然历经风雨，但取得了重要发展。
今年1月，胡锦涛主席应奥巴马总统邀请对美国进行国事访问。
口译词汇模块Politics
Module 2 Politics一、Policy related to numbers"one china, one Taiwan" “一中一台”“one country, two systems”“一国两制”"two Chinas" “两个中国”“Three Represents”“三个代表”the three major historical tasks 三大历史任务three favorables 三个有利于“Agriculture, Countryside and F armer” issues 三农问题three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade) （两岸）直接三通the three Sino-Us joint communiqués 《中美三个联合公报》the fourth plenary session 四中全会Four Cardinal Principles 四项基本原则Four modernizations 四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则"eight do's" and "eight don'ts" “八个坚持、八个反对”the eight-point proposal 八项主张the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee 十一届三中全会the tenth five-year plan (2001-2005) “十五”计划17th party congress 十七大"bringing in" and "going out" “引进来”和“走出去”政策23 million Taiwan compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞"Taiwan independence" “台湾独立”“south -south cooperation”“南南合作”二、Words with Chinese characteristicsa well-off standard/ society 小康水平/社会advance the development of the western region 推进西部大开发advances with the times 与时代发展同步伐at the proper time and to an appropriate degree 适时适度attempts to split the country 各种分裂图谋blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit 开拓创新build a well-off society in an all-round way 全面建设小康社会build a clean and honest government 廉政建设build a conservation-minded society 建设(资源)节约型社会china's cross-century development 我国的跨世纪发展china's international standing 我国的国际地位china's overall national strength 我国综合国力citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与civic duty /rights/civil liberties 公民职责/公民权利、自由civil servants 公务员creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力cross-straits negotiations/ relations 两岸谈判/两岸关系crucial historical juncture 重大历史关头democratic decision-making/ elections/ management 民主决策/民主选举/民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning 计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence" 反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好government functions/ institutions, o rgans/ intervention 政府职能/机构/干预(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations/ situation 国际性组织/国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin 支撑long-term peace and order 长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义mass organizations 人民团体masters of the country 当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification 祖国统一national spirit 民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member 人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan 台湾同胞our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR 香港特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Macao SAR 澳门特别行政区同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展peace, justice and progress 和平，正义，进步problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers 农业、农村和农民问题grain distribution system粮食流通体制reduce agricultural tax rate 降低农业税税率reform of rural taxes and administrative charges 农村税费改革repeal taxes on special agricultural products 取消农业特产税rescind agricultural taxes in five years 五年内取消农业税to alleviate rural poverty through development 农村扶贫开发proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步realm of ideology 意识形态领域reform and opening-up 改革开放reform, development and stability 改革发展稳定rule (run) the country by law 依法治国rule (run) the country by virtue 以德治国running the party, state and army 治党治国治军survival and development 生存和发展sustainable development 可持续发展system of regional ethnic autonomy 民族区域自治制度the Chinese people of all ethnic groups 全国各族人民the great cause of national reunification 祖国统一大业the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 中华民族的伟大复兴the people of all social strata 社会各阶层人们the provincial and municipal (prefectural) governments 省、市（地）两级地方政府the return of Hong Kong And Macao to the motherland 香港和澳门回归祖国the smooth transition of power 平稳过渡two conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协）unified, open, competitive and orderly 统一、开放、竞争、有序unprecedented difficulties and pressure 空前巨大的困难和压力vigilance against risks 抗风险能力vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation 民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力win -win co-operation 强强联手with a long history behind it 源远流长world outlook 世界观三、Develop the western region1．中国是一个统一的多民族国家，汉族人口占总人口的90%以上，包括藏族在内的其他55个民族在习惯上被称为少时民族。
catti口译三级词汇
catti口译三级词汇一、政治类。
1. diplomacy [dɪˈpləʊməsi] n. 外交；外交手腕；交际手段。
- 例句：China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace in its diplomacy.（中国在外交中奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。
）2. negotiation [nɪˌɡəʊʃiˈeɪʃn] n. 谈判；协商；转让。
- 例句：The negotiation between the two countries has entered a crucial stage.（两国之间的谈判进入了关键阶段。
）3. treaty [ˈtriːti] n. 条约；协议；谈判。
- 例句：The two sides signed a peace treaty.（双方签署了一项和平条约。
）二、经济类。
1. economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] n. 经济；节约；理财。
- 例句：The global economy is facing challenges.（全球经济正面临挑战。
）2. inflation [ɪnˈfleɪʃn] n. 膨胀；通货膨胀；夸张。
- 例句：High inflation has affected people's living standards.（高通货膨胀影响了人们的生活水平。
）3. revenue [ˈrevənjuː] n. 税收收入；财政收入；收益。
- 例句：The government's revenue mainly comes from taxes.（政府的收入主要来自税收。
）三、文化类。
1. heritage [ˈherɪtɪdʒ] n. 遗产；传统；继承物；继承权。
- 例句：We should protect our cultural heritage.（我们应该保护我们的文化遗产。
口译-政治经济类word资料23页
口译必备: 政治与经济类词汇Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese 建设有中国特色的社会主义理论characteristicsThe theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, 扩大开放，促进发展，maintaining stability 保持稳定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist 是否有利于发展社会主义生产力productive forcesWhether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall 是否有利于增强综合国力strength of the countryWhether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living 是否有利于提高人民生活水平standardTaking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Relationships among reform, development and stability改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 经济体制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Reform of housing system 住房制度改革Planning system 计划管理体制Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Open door policy 开放政策Open economy 开放经济Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和managerial experiences 管理经验Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制to the householdNarrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困Common prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展National economic budget 国民经济预算Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Commodity economy 商品经济Market economy 市场经济Free market economy 自由市场经济Developed market economy 发达的市场经济Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济Mature market economy 成熟市场经济Market economy country 市场经济国家Extensive economy 粗放型经济Intensive economy 集约型经济Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为mode into intensive one 集约型经济Mixed economy 混合经济Regional economy 地区经济Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济Closed economy 闭关自守经济Economic growth point 经济增长点Economic growth mode 经济增长方式Economic growth rate 经济增长率Economy measure 经济手段Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济Economic situation 经济形势Economic cycle 经济周期Economic fluctuation 经济波动Economic miracle 经济奇迹Economic take-off 经济起飞Economic recovery 经济复苏Economic potential 经济潜力Economic sanction 经济制裁Global economy 全球经济Economic globalization 经济全球化Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化International economic integration 国际经济一体化New international economic order 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化Economic community 经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控Soft landing 软着路Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定Cheap money policy 低息货币政策Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整Cut interest rate 降低利率Control of interest rate 利率控制Deflation policy 紧缩政策Market intervention 市场干预State intervention 国家干预Administrative interference 行政干预Administrative intervention 行政干预Administrative measure 行政措施Economy measure 经济手段Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制Overheated economy 过热的经济Consumer price index 消费品价格指数Commodity price index 商品物价指数Retail price index 零售物价指数Average price index 平均物价指数Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素Inflation of credit 信用膨胀Inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热Development zone craze 开发区热Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡Supply and demand relation 供求关系Supply over demand 供过于求Supply exceeds demand 供过于求Economic crisis 经济危机Economic depression 经济萧条MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系and operation of State assetsReform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学management and adopting scientific managementRegulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例of the state-owned enterprisesLaws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规state-owned propertyOperate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束and self-relianceUphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府government from those of enterprises and alter the 经济管理职能government’s role in economic managementSafeguard state property 保卫国有资产Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Definition of property rights 产权界定Clarification of property rights 明晰产权Registration of property rights 产权登记Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检Certificate of title 产权证书Change of registration 变更登记Change of title 产权变更Transfer of property rights 产权转让Transaction of property rights 产权交易Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构Inspection of assets 资产清查Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估Asset appraisal 资产评估Productive assets 经营性资产Non-productive assets 非经营性资产Return on assets 资产收益Balance sheet 资产负债表Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表Reform of State-Owned Enterprises国有企业改革Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质overall quality of the State sector of the economyConcentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团groupsReform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售and sell-offManage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的policy towards small onesGive small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产or go bankruptDispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员Re-employment funds 再就业基金Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理management of enterprisesStrengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债channelsStrive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企业扭亏增盈increase profitsDevelop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造technologyMechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制the inferiorEnjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权in export independentlyProtect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益Technological upgrading 技术改造Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组Transform the enterprises’ management mechanismsof State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整Industrial policy 产业政策Support and develop large enterprises and release smallenterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can beturned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业Pioneer enterprise 试点企业Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置Optimize investment structure 优化投资结构Recapitalization 调整资本结构Capital reorganization 资本重组Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制Project capital system 项目资本金制度Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自负盈亏Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构Unreasonable product structure 不合理的产品结构Repeated construction 重复建设Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义Government supervision 政府监督Operating strategy 经营战略Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式Backward in management 管理落后Relying on government subsidy 依赖政府补贴Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购Encourage merger 鼓励兼并Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度Re-employment projects 再就业工程Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业Laid-off workers 下岗职工ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司Central enterprise 中央企业Local enterprise 地方企业Backbone enterprise 骨干企业Large and medium enterprise 大中型企业State-owned enterprise 国有企业Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业Corporate enterprise 股份制企业Collective enterprise 集体企业Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业Township enterprise 乡镇企业Partnership enterprise 合伙企业Individual enterprise 个体企业Foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业Small business 小企业Primary industry 第一产业Secondary industry 第二产业Tertiary industry 第三产业Corporate Law 公司法Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法Independent legal entities 独立法人Board of directors 董事会Board of supervisors 监事会Shareholders conference 股东大会Entrepreneur 企业家Firm 公司，企业Company 公司Incorporation 公司Corporation 股份公司Group of enterprises 企业集团Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司Controlling company 控股公司Holding company 控股公司Bank holding company 银行控股公司Company with limited liability 有限责任公司State-owned holding company 国家控股公司Public company 上市公司Private company 非上市公司Listed company 上市公司Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司Parent company 母公司Subsidiary company 子公司Group company 集团公司Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团International conglomerate 跨国企业集团International corporation 跨国公司Multinational corporation 跨国公司Multinational market group 跨国市场集团Banking institution 金融机构Banking sector 银行部门Intermediary bank 中介银行Development bank 开发银行Commercial bank 商业银行Investment bank 投资银行Credit bank 信贷银行Cooperative bank 合作银行Mortgage bank 抵押银行Clearing bank 清算银行Credit union 信用社Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构Financing corporation 金融公司Securities company 证券公司Underwriting company 担保公司Loan and trust company 信托公司Insurance company 保险公司Life insurance company 人寿保险公司Utility company 公共事业公司MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购Reorganization 重组Association 联合Merger 兼并Acquisition 收购Joint stock partnership 股份合作Leasing 出租Contract operation 承包经营Auction 拍卖Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Strategic acquisition 战略性收购Combination of enterprise 企业合并Concentric acquisition 集中收购Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s) 杠杆收购Stock merger 股票兼并Vertical acquisition 纵向收购Vertical merger 纵向兼并Vertical consolidation 纵向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Horizontal merger 横向兼并Horizontal acquisition 横向收购Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并Horizontal integration 横向联合Acquisition cost 收购成本Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业Corporate reorganization 公司重组Bankruptcy Law 破产法Bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第七章清算Bankruptcy code 11 --- reorganization 破产法第十一章重组Act of bankruptcy 破产法案Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法Bankruptcy court 破产法庭Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人Bankruptcy notice 破产公告Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破产Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破产法庭内的协调Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不经破产法庭的协调Creditor’s equity 债权人权益Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人Creditor’s meeting 债权人会议Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人MARKET AND COMPETITION 市场和竟争Commodity market 商品市场Securities market 证券市场Bond market 债券市场Stock market 股票市场Futures market 期货市场Options market 期权市场Property rights market 产权市场Capital market 资本市场Free market 自由市场Labour market 劳动力市场Flea market 跳蚤市场Bear market 股票市场的熊市Bull market 股票市场的牛市Market competition 市场竟争Market development 市场开发Market forecast 市场预测Market potential 市场潜力Market risk 市场风险Market share 市场份额Seller’s market 卖方市场Buyer’s market 买方市场Market abroad 海外市场Marketability 市场能力Marketable 销路好的Marketing channel 销售渠道Marketing strategy 销售战略Competition market 竟争市场Perfect competition 完全竟争Imperfect competition 不完全竟争Low-level competition 低水平竟争Monopolistic competition 垄断竟争Competitor 竟争对手Natural monopoly 自然垄断International monopoly 国际垄断Market 市场bear market 股票市场的熊市bond market 证券市场bull market 股票市场的牛市capital market 资本市场emerging market economic 新兴市场经济majority market economic 成熟市场经济market abroad 海外市场market analysis 市场分析market approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的市场法market competition 市场竟争market demand price 市场需求价格market development 市场开发market economy country 市场经济国家market factor 市场因素market forecast 市场预测market index 市场指数market information 市场信息market investigation 市场调查market potential 市场潜力market quotation 市场行情market replacement cost 市场重置成本market research 市场调查，市场研究market risk 市场风险market share 市场份额，市场占有率market value method 市价法market-oriented 面向市场的market-to-cost method 市价成本法property right market 产权市场seller’s market 卖方市场social market economy 社会主义市场经济stock market 股票市场Marketing 营销，市场销售marketing channel 销售渠道，市场渠道marketing cost 销售成本marketing manager 市场销售经理markrting strategy 市场经营战略marketing system 市场体系relationship marketing 关系营销Asset, Liability And Equity 资产,负债和权益Asset management 资产管理Tangible assets 有形资产Intangible assets 无形资产Physical assets 实物资产Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失Deferred assets 递延资产Other assets 其它资产Total assets 总资产Net assets 净资产Book value of the assets 资产的账面值Non-ledger assets 帐外资产Asset account 资产账户Asset disposal 资产处置Asset depreciation 资产折旧Asset inventory shorts 资产盘亏Asset inventory surplus 资产盘盈Asset retirement 资产报废Asset revaluation 资产重估Capital assets 资本资产Monetary assets 金融资产Mortgage assets 抵押资产Long-term assets 长期资产Liability 负债Liability account 负债账户Direct liability 直接负债Current liability 流动负债Liability out of book 账外负债Long-term liability 长期负债Book debt 账面负债Asset liability ratio 资产负债比Owner’s equity 所有者权益Equity account 权益账户Stockholders’ equity 股东权益Preferred stock equity 优先股权益Cumulative preferred stock 积累优先股Non-cumulative preferred stock 非积累优先股Convertible preferred stock 可转换优先股Participating preferred stock 参加优先股Non-Participating preferred stock 非参加优先股Callable preferred stock 可赎回优先股Common stock equity 普通股权益Total equity 权益总额Assets Liabilities Ratio 资产负债率Quick Ratio 速动比率Current Ratio 流动比率P/E ratio 市盈率Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流动负债比净资产Total Liabilities to Net Worth 总负债比净资产Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定资产比净资产Inventory Turnover Ratio 存货Assets to SalesSales to Net Working Capital 销售收入比流动资金净值Accounts Payable to Sales 应付帐款比销售收入Return on Sales(profit Margin)Return on Assets 资产收益率Return on Total Assets 总资产收益率Return on Shareholder’s Equity 股东权益收益率Return on Investment 投资收益Return on Net Worth(Return on Equity) 净资产收益率收益表INCOME STA TEMENT销售收入Sales Revenue减：销售折扣与折让Deduct: Sales Discount & Allowance 销售收入净值Net Sales Revenue减：销售税金Deduct: Tax on Sales销售成本Coat of Sales销售毛利Gross Profit from Sales减：管理费用Deduct: Administration Expenses财务费用Financial Expenses销售利润Profit from Sales加：其它业务利润Plus: Profit from Other Operations营业利润Operating Profits加：投资收益Plus: Investment Income营业外净收入Non-Operating Revenue以前年度利润调整Adjustment of Earning of Prior Years 利润总额Total Profits(Before Tax)减：所得税Deduct: Income Tax净利润Net Profits合并资产负债表CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET 资产Assets流动资产Current Assets长期应收帐款Long-term Receivable长期投资Long-term Investment固定资产Fixed Assets原值Original Coat减：累计折旧Deduct: Accumulated Depreciation净值Net Worth在建工程Construction in-progress其它资产Other Assets资产总额Total Assets负债和权益Liabilities & Equity负债Liabilities流动负债Current Liabilities长期负债Long-term Liabilities负债合计Total Liabilities少数股东权益Minority Interests权益Equity实收资本Paid-in Capital资本公积Capital surplus保留盈利Retained Earnings权益合计Total Equity负债和权益总额Total Liabilities & Equity BALANCE SHEET 资产负债表ASSETS 资产Cash and Equivalents 现金和视同现金Accounts Receivable 应收帐款Inventories 存货Other Current Assets 其它流动资产Total Current Assets 流动资产总计Gross Prop.,Plant & Equip. 财产，场房和设备原值Accumulated Depreciation 累计折旧Net property, Plant & Equip. 财产，场房和设备净值Other Assets 其它资产Total Assets 总资产LIABILITIES & EQUITY 负债和权益Debt in Current Liabilities 流动负债Accounts Payable 应付帐款Income Taxes Payable 应付所得税Other Current Liabilities 其它流动负债long-term Debt 长期负债Deferred Taxes 递延税金Other Liabilities 其它负债Minority Interest 少数股东权益Total Liabilities 总负债Preferred Stock Equity 优先股权益Common Stock Equity 普通股权益Total Stockholders’ Equity 股东权益总计Total Liabilities and Equity 负债权益总计Economic经济的economic analysis 经济分析economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区economic base 经济基础economic community 经济共同体economic cooperation zone 经济协作区economic crisis 经济危机economic cycle 经济周期economic depression 经济萧条economic efficiency 经济效益economic entity 经济实体economic forecast 经济预测economic foundation 经济基础economic growth rate 经济增长率economic integration 经济一体化economic miracle 经济奇迹economic order 经济秩序economic policy 经济政策economic potential 经济潜力economic prospect 经济展望economic recovery 经济复苏economic sanctions 经济制裁economic situation 经济形势economic system 经济体制，经济制度economic value 经济价值East Asia Economic Rim 东亚经济圈Economics 经济学economics of industry 工业经济学economics of management 管理经济学economics of scale 规模经济学Economy 经济closed economy 闭关自守经济commodity economy 商品经济economy measure 经济手段economies of scale 规模经济market economy 市场经济mixed economy 混合经济planned economy 计划经济Enterprise企业Entrepreneur 企业家Enterpreneurial 企业家的enterpreneurial courage 企业家的胆略enterpreneurial spirit 企业家精神Enterprise 企业backbone enterprise 骨干企业central enterprises 中央企业collectively-owned enterprises 集体企业combined enterprise 联合企业enterprise accounting 企业会计enterprise development fund 企业发展基金enterprise law 企业法enterprises’ management mechanisms 企业管理机制foreign-funded enterprises 外资企业large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企业local enterprises 地方企业modern enterprise system 现代企业制度money-lossing enterprises 亏损企业state-owned enterprises 国有企业township enterprises 乡镇企业Accountant会计师Certified Public Accountant (CPA) 注册会计师chief accountant 总会计师cost accountant 成本会计certified management accountant (CMA) 注册管理会计师certified public accountant (CPA) 注册会计师Accounting会计，会计学accounting classification 会计科目分类accounting cycle 会计周期accounting equation 会计方程式accounting firm 会计事务所accounting information 会计信息accounting principles for business enterprise 企业会计原则accounting statement 会计报表accounting system 会计系统accounting year 会计年度accrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计方法记帐cash basis accounting 现金会计方法记帐All-purpose financial statement 通用财务报表American Institute of Certified Public Accountants 美国注册会计师协会（AICPA) certified copy 正式核准的副本certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表certified invoice 证实发票certified management accountant (CMA) 注册管理会计师certified public accountant (CPA) 注册会计师annual accounting 年度决算annual audit 年度审计annual balance sheet 年终决算表annual budget 年度预算annual financial report 年度财务报告annual summary 年度汇总表summary balance sheet 资产负债汇总表Audit审计annual audit 年度审计audit certificate 审计证书Audit Law 审计法audit of financial statement 财务报表审计external audit 外部审计legally required audit 法定审计Auditing firm 审计公司Auditor 审计师Account帐户，会计科目accounting classification 会计科目分类account balance 帐户余额account payable 应付帐款account receivable 应收帐款accumulation account 累积帐户assets account 资产帐户bank account 银行帐户capital account 资本帐户cash account 现金帐户checking account 支票帐户clearing account 清算帐户，结算帐户commission account 佣金帐户cost account 成本帐户deposit account 存款帐户doubtful account 可疑帐户equity account 股本帐户expenses account 开支帐户foreign currency account 外汇帐户frozen account 冻结帐户group account 集团帐户inventory account 存货帐户investment account 投资帐户journal account 日记帐ledger account 分类帐帐户liability account 负债帐户overdrawn account 透支帐户property account 财产帐户savings account 储蓄帐户accrued expenses payable 应计未付费用accrued income 应计收入accrued interest on bonds 应计债券利息accrued interest on investment 应计投资利息accured interest patable 应计未付利息accrued liability 应计负债accrued profit 应计利润accrued taxes 应计税款accumulated amount 累计额accumulated earnings 累计收益accumulated funds 公积金accumulated net income 累计净收益accumulated profit 累计利润accumulating capital 累计资本accumulating losses 累计损失Acid ratio 流动比率actual assets 实际资产actual cash value 实际现金价值actual capital 实际资本actual cost 实际成本actual depreciation 实际折旧actual value 实际价值Adjusted 调整后的adjusted acquisition cost 调整后购置成本adjusted base 调整后基数adjusted book balance 调整后的帐面余额adjusted gross income 调整后的净收入adjusted net profit 调整后的净利润Adjustment 调整adjustment account 调整帐户Advance 预付advance account 预付帐户advance charge 预付费用advance payment 预先付款advance received 暂收款Allocated cost 已分摊成本Allocated cost of fixed assts 固定资产折旧Allocation 分配，分摊allocation of market 市场分配allocation of purchase price 购置价格分摊（指成套设备）allocation of quota 配额分配allocation of resources 资源分配allocation of shares 股金分配allocation optimum 最优配置allocations to accounting periods 会计期间内的分摊Allotment 拨款Amendment 修改amendment of register 变更登记American Society of Appraisers (ASA) 美国评估师协会Amortization 摊销，摊还amortization fund 偿债基金amortization of bond issued expense 债券发行费摊销amortization of fixed asset 固定资产摊销amortization of loan 分期偿还贷款amortization schedule 摊销表Amount 数量，总额，合计amount guaranteed 担保额amount of investment 投资额amount of sales 销售额financial statement analysis财务报表分析analysis of assets changes 资产变动分析analysis of balance sheet 资产负债表分析balance sheet evaluation 资产负债表评价analysis of business profit 企业利润分析analysis of capital changes 资本变动分析analysis of changes in financial position 财务状况变动分析balance sheet 资产负债表balance sheet audit 资产负债表审计balance sheet classification 资产负债表分类certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表analysis of variance 方差分析gross profit analysis 毛利分析investment analysis 投资分析market analysis 市场分析macro analysis 微观分析qualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析ratio analysis 比率分析return analysis 回报分析sales analysis 销售分析Analytical model 分析模型bad account 坏帐，呆帐bad debt loss 坏帐损失bad debt recovey 呆坏帐收回bad title 失效产权Balance 余额，结余，差额，平衡adverse balance 收支逆差balance budget 平衡预算balance of international trade 国际贸易差额balance of payment 国际收支closing balance 期末差额credit balance 贷方余额foreign currency balance 外汇余额keep balance 保持平衡loss balance 失去平衡negative balance 逆差retained balance from foreign exchange revenue 外汇收入留成余额 book depreciation 帐面折旧book-entry securities 记帐证券book inventory 帐面库存book of account 帐簿book profit 帐面利润book value per share 每股帐面价值Cash 现金cash account 现金帐户cash assets 现金资本cash audit 现金审计cash balance 现金余额cash equivalent 视同库存现金cash flow analysis 现金流量分析cash in bank 银行现金cash in hold 库存现金cash payment 现金支付cash purchase 现金购买cash transaction 现金交易free cash flows 活动现金流Certified 注册的，合格的certified appraiser 注册评估师certified copy 正式核准的副本certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表certified invoice 证实发票certified mortgage 证实抵押finance charges 财务费用Classification 分类，科目classification item 分类项目classification of accounts 帐户分类classification of assets 资产分类classification of property 财产分类classification schemes 分类表。
口译常用速记缩写
一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOU In stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL peopleF根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through口译听力常用英语缩略词表(缩略词原词)APT ApartmentAD AdvertisementADS AddressACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitive CMU CommunicationCONCConcern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT Departure EXCH Exchange EXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS ImpossibleIMP(T) Important INCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY NecessaryNLT No later than OBS Observe OBT ObtainORD Ordinary PAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality QUTY Quantity RCV Receive REF Reference REGL Regular REP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
口译与笔译 3
English-Chinese Written &Oral Translation for Contemporary Medicine当代医学英汉笔译与口译Week 3W ritte n T ra nsla tionon C onte m pora ryM e dicine当代医学英汉笔译翻译所涉及的一些问题（Issues Involved in Translation） 翻译的定义翻译的标准直译和意译理解和表达汉英心理文化差异翻译所涉及的一些问题（Issues Involved in Translation）翻译的定义理解和表达 翻译的标准直译和意译理解和表达汉英心理文化差异•Fidelity (faithfulness)准确•Fluency (flowingness)流畅直译: （Metaphrase）例1：健康就是幸福。
Health is happiness.例2: 猫有九条命。
(吉人自有天相)A cat has nine lives.例3: 血浓于水。
Blood is thicker than water.例4: 趁热打铁。
Strike while the iron is hot.例5: 有其父必有其子。
Like father, Like son.例6: A barking dog does not bite.吠犬不咬人。
例7：Love cannot be compelled.爱情不能强求。
例8:Kill two birds with one stone.一石二鸟。
/ 一箭双雕。
例9:Misfortunes never come singly.祸不单行。
例10: A miss is as good as a mile。
失之毫厘，谬以千里。
意译: （Paraphrase）例1: 乱七八糟in a mess/ at sixes and sevens例2:宰相肚里好撑船。
to be magnanimous and merciful（tolerant）例3: 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
Week 3答案及原文
Conversation 11. They remember the people who are already dead in their close family on that day.2. Only two days.3. They only keep it within the family.4. They just go on vacations to the beach and celebrate and go to concerts.Conversation 21. spark2. instantly3. growth4. proposed5. definitely6. fitting7. beforehand8. serious9. attracted 10. stagePassage 11. embody2. sacrifice3. bargain4. recession5. durable6. soar7. inequality8. mobility9. shadow 10. priority11. reverse 12. resolve 13. reflect 14. envyPassage 211. A 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. BPassage 31. logical2. figures3. impressive4. gradual5. strategic6. acquire7. touched8. handling9. atmosphere 10. undesirable11. constructive 12. evaluate 13. prejudices 14.controversial 15. objective Passage 411. sunset 12. emotion 13. gateway 14. aesthetic 15. intensely 16. imagined 17. convey 18. undeniable19. There is no sky in June so blue that it does not point forward to a bluer, no sunset so beautifulthat it does not waken the vision of a greater beauty20. if this world is not merely a bad joke, life a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars21. if we glimpse the unutterable, it is unwise to try to utter it, nor should we seek to invest withsignificance that which we cannot grasp.Listening ScriptConversation 1Daniel: Hi Olga, how are you?Olga: Fine, Daniel, how are you?Daniel: Good, thanks. I wanted to ask you something. I'm really interested about Mexican holidays.Olga: What?Daniel: Can you tell me something about it?Olga: Sure but what do you want to know? I mean why are you interested in Mexican holidays? Daniel: What kind of holidays you have, what do you do in those holidays?Olga: Well my favorite holiday is the Dìa de los Muertos, the Day of the Dead.Daniel: What is it?Olga: What do you think about when you hear Day of the Dead?Daniel: I don't know. It's a bit scary, isn't it?Olga: Yeah, kind of but actually for us Mexicans it's not really scary. We're so used to it.Actually that day we celebrate the, not celebrate but remember the people who are already dead especially in our close family.Daniel: OK.Olga: We put an altar for them which is like a big table decorated with flowers, bread, coffee or whatever the person that is dead used to like and we think that on that day that person is going to come back from the dead.Daniel: Really?Olga: Yeah and visit us and maybe eat the food.Daniel: OK.Olga: It's on November first, the second too. The second, the altar is still there and after that we just take everything off and go on with our lives.Daniel: You keep the altar only on the first and the second?Olga: Yeah.Daniel: OK and do you do it just for your family or do you go and visit friends or other relatives? Olga: No, we only keep it within the family actually.Daniel: OK.Olga: Well sometimes we do it at school but still it's just like you know to keep the tradition but usually in the family.Daniel: OK.Olga: Well another holiday I can think about is Easter. You have Easter too in Chile?Daniel: Yes, we do have Easter.Olga: Easter we actually don't keep it traditional any more.Daniel: What do you mean?Olga: You know traditionally we make plays where we represent Jesus and the moment when he died and everything right? But you know we don't reflect about it any more. We just go on vacations to the beach and celebrate and you know go to concerts and stuff.Daniel: Just as Chilean people do.Olga: I guess it's kind of a trend now right?Daniel: Yeah. We don't really think a lot about Easter.Olga: Yeah.Conversation 2Maria: So do you believe in love at first sight?Alex: Yea, I think it does exist. I think you can have a sort of 1 spark at first sight, but what I consider as love is a bit different to what that first kind of meeting would be. If you can having something like and then you think that person has a real possibility, I think that's what you mean by love at first sight, but you can't 2 instantly love someone. It takes 3 growth.Maria: That's true.Alex: It takes coming together, shared experiences and that sort of stuff but, you know, I think for some people, my parents actually met at a guitar concert and it was a total mistake. They thought, no, seriously, it was a total mistake. They thought that each other was in the same group and it turned out they were on separate groups and then things went from there. He 4 proposed after five weeks.Maria: Wow.Alex: And actually had to, he proposed in front of the fax machine while his divorce was being finalized.Maria: Oh my God.Alex: To his first wife so...Maria: What a romantic story.Alex: So, and twenty years later you know, so it took one conversation in a guitar concert so I've seen it, you know, I guess that spark 5 definitely exists in them.Maria: I guess if you call it attraction at first sight, it's way more 6 fitting?Alex: Yeah.Maria: That's what I feel at least. I've seen, I have friends who experienced, like one of my friends at my university now, she experienced love at first sight, like she saw the guy and she thought that's the guy I want to marry. So I never tried anything like that but I heard it happen and I see it happening now because she's still way head over heels for this guy. Alex: I think if you decide the person that you're going to marry when you see them, you're a little bit insane.Maria: Well, insanity is a good point.Alex: I suppose.Maria:: She is a little bit insane, yeah. She had a very sad love story 7 beforehand. A guy she was in love with for two and a half years who knew but he didn't, I think they actually did date a little but he didn't want to be 8 serious about it.Alex: Yeah.Maria: So I guess she's more, she wants it to be serious but I never tried. Like I think the peopleI've been in love with it has taken time and it's taken at least half a year before I've felt that there was more. Like I could be 9 attracted to them but the love part, the really wanting to be with this person came later because I didn't want take, I didn't want to get serious at least immediately.Alex: Yeah, I think after that sort of six month puppy love 10 stage where it's so new and exciting and you're learning all about the other person, that's when it starts to get like I think you start to feel the strong...Maria: But I mean also like if there was a guy I didn't even date but we were talking together for half a year and when we met, because it was internet, and he was in Holland and I was in Denmark so we met after half a year. We first met on a trip. So we met and then I could feel it grow but it took me half a year to slowly and safely just get to the point where I could actually feel something. It didn't work out but...Alex: Ah well, what can you do?Maria: Yeah, I tried.Passage 1Remarks of President Barack ObamaWeekly AddressThe White HouseAugust 31, 2013Hi, everybody. This Labor Day weekend, as we gather with family and friends, we’ll also come together as a nation to honor some of our own – the working men and women of America who, across the generations, built this country up and helped make us who we are today.On Monday, we’ll celebrate that proud history.We’ll pay tribute to the values working Americans 1 embody – hard work; responsibility; 2 sacrifice; looking out for one another. And we’ll recommit ourselves to their cause; to securing for them a better 3 bargain so that everyone who works hard in America has a chance to get ahead.See, over the past four and a half years, we’ve fought our way back from the worst 4 recession of our lifetimes. And thanks to the grit and resilience of the American people, we’ve begun to lay a foundation for stronger, more 5 durable economic growth. But as any working family will tell you, we’re not where we need to be.For over a decade, working Americans have seen their wages and incomes stagnate, even as corporate profits 6 soar and the pay of a fortunate few explodes. For even longer than that, 7 inequality has steadily risen; the journey of upward 8 mobility has become harder. And in too many communities across this country, the 9 shadow of poverty continues to cast a pall over our fellow citizens.Reversing that trend needs to be Washington’s highest 10 priority. It’s certainly mine.That’s why, over the past month, I’ve traveled all across America, laying out my ideas for how we can build on the cornerstones of what it means to be middle class. A good job that pays a good wage. A good education. A home of your own. Health care when you get sick. A secure retirement even if you’re not rich.And more chances for folks to earn their way into the middle class as long as they’re willing to work for it.The tr uth is, it’s not going to be easy to 11 reverse the forces that have conspired – for decades –against working Americans. But if we take a few bold steps – and if Washington is able to come together with common purpose and common 12 resolve –we’ll get th ere. Our economy will keep getting stronger and more Americans will be able to join the ranks of the middle-class.So this Labor Day, while you’re out there grilling in the backyard, or taking that final trip for the summer, I hope you’ll also take a mome nt to 13 reflect on the many contributions of our working men and women. For generations, it was the great American middle class that made our economy the 14 envy of the world. And as long as I’m President, I’m going to keep fighting to make sure that happens again.Thanks, and have a great weekend.大家好。
高级口译教程第三单元
视译练习1
我国稳定解决了十几亿人的温饱问题，总体上实现小康，不久将全面建成小 康社会，人民美好生活需要日益广泛，不仅对物质文化生活提出了更高要求， 而且在民主、法治、公平、正义、安全、环境等方面的要求日益增长。同时， 我国社会生产力水平总体上显著提高，社会生产能力在很多方面进入世界前 列，更加突出的问题是发展不平衡不充分，这已经成为满足人民日益增长的 美好生活需要的主要制约因素。
跟读练习2
Any member of any state organ, no matter how high // a position one holds, should keep firmly // in mind // that our republic is the People’s Republic of China, and that we must always // put the people first, always serve the people wholeheartedly, and always work hard // for the people’s interests and happiness.
人民代表大会制度 the system of people’s congresses
术语准备-核心术语4
中国社会主要矛盾 the principalse society
术语准备-补充术语
全过程人民民主 whole-process people’s democracy
录
• 视译练习
• 带稿同传练习
三、课前/堂练习
• 拓展练习
术语准备-核心术语1
以人民为中心 a people-centered vision/the people-centered philosophy
catti二级英语口译大纲词汇
catti二级英语口译大纲词汇一、政治类。
1. diplomacy [dɪˈpləʊməsi] - n. 外交；外交手腕；交际手段。
- 例句：China's diplomacy has played an important role in international affairs.（中国的外交在国际事务中发挥了重要作用。
）2. negotiation [nɪˌɡəʊʃiˈeɪʃn] - n. 谈判；协商；转让。
- 例句：The negotiation between the two countries lasted for several months.（两国之间的谈判持续了几个月。
）3. treaty [ˈtriːti] - n. 条约；协议；谈判。
- 例句：The two sides signed a treaty to promote economic cooperation.（双方签署了一项促进经济合作的条约。
）4. alliance [əˈlaɪəns] - n. 联盟；联合；联姻。
- 例句：The two countries formed an alliance to resist external threats.（两国结成联盟以抵御外部威胁。
）5. sovereignty [ˈsɒvrənti] - n. 主权；主权国家；君主。
- 例句：Respecting a country's sovereignty is a basic principle in international relations.（尊重一个国家的主权是国际关系中的一项基本原则。
）二、经济类。
1. economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] - n. 经济；节约；理财。
- 例句：The global economy has been facing some challenges in recent years.（近年来，全球经济一直面临一些挑战。
口译必背政治民生类汉译英口译词汇
Do meaningful work and do it well
把钱花在刀刃上
Spend our money where it counts the most
把握工作的主动权
Keep theinitiativeof our work
把握好政策实施的力度、节奏和重点
Keep a good grasp of theintensity, pace and focusof their implementation
公务卡管理改革
Reform to require payment of official business expenses with credit cards
公益林
Public forests
公益性就业岗位
Public-service jobs
公益性文化事业
Non-profitcultural programs
VATrebateson exports
处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理通胀预期的关系
Skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations
促进基本公共服务均等化
Make access to basic public services more equal
促进中部地区崛起
Energize the development of the central region
村级公益事业建设一事一议财政奖补制度
商务英语口译笔记常用符号
口译笔记常用符号（1）数学符号+：表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.++(+2)：表示"多"的比较级：more+3：表示"多"的最高级：most－：表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.×：表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc.>：表示"多于"概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.；表示"高" 概念：superior to，surpass, etc.<：表示"少于"概念：less/smaller，etc.；表示"低"概念：inferior to，etc.=：表示"同等"概念：means，that is to say，in other words，the same as，be equal to, etc.；表示"对手"概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( )：表示"在......之间"：among, within, etc.≠：表示"不同"概念，不公平，有差距：be different from, disparity, etc.；表示"无敌"概念：matchless, peerless, etc.～：表示"大约"概念：about/around，or so，approximately, etc./ ：表示"否定"，"消除"等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.∵：因为，由于，幸亏；because, due to, thanks to, …∴：所以，因此，结果是；so, therefore, consequently, …≈：大约，大概；about, almost, nearly,…↔：属于；belong to,……（2）标点符号等: ：表示各种各样“说、看、想、评论”的动词，如：say, express, think, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.!：危险，警告，当心，值得注意的是；dangerous, warning, alarming, alert, hazardous, perilous, jeopardy, watch out, sure, certainly, of course,…?：表示"问题"：question，issue，例如：台湾问题：tw?. (dot)：这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“.d”表示yesterday，“.y”表示last year，“.2m”表示two month ago。
基础口译Politics
Politics1.The report from the summit meeting says that the situation in the Middle East has arousedgeneral concern throughout the world.峰会报告指出中东局势引起了全世界的普遍关注。
（试卷一）2.After the top leaders discussed issues of interest to both parties, the summit meeting came to asuccessful conclusion. (试卷二)双方领导人讨论了共同兴趣的问题之后峰会成功闭幕。
3.在国际事务中，中国和欧洲许多国家有着共同的想法。
China shares many views with a lot of European countries concerning international affairs. 4.中国是亚洲的一员，同所有亚洲人民一样，中国人民勤劳智慧。
China is a country in Asia, and Chinese people are as diligent and intelligent as all Asian peoples.5.中国人民愿与所有亚洲人民一起，共创亚洲的美好明天。
Chinese people are willing to create a better future for Asia with all the people in Asia.6.中国加快发展，将给中美关系发展提供新的机遇和动力。
（试卷三CPS1）The accelerated development of China will provide Sino-U.S. relation with new opportunities and impetus.7.Our relationship with China will have great influence on American security and strategy in the21st Century.我们与中国的关系对美国在21世纪的安全和战略有着十分重要的影响。
英09《英语口译》Ex-Political System
〔Political System－Words & Expressions〕中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China省长（Provincial）Governor市长Mayor全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC)中国人民政治协商会议Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)（主席：Chairman）主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee （委员长：Chairman）办公厅General Office （主任：Director）秘书处Secretariat （秘书长：Secretary-General）最高人民法院Supreme People's Court （首席大法官：Chief Grand Justice）最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate （检察官：Procurator）国务院State Council (总理：premier)部Ministry （部长：minister）中共中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CCCPC)（总书记：General Secretary）（第十七届中央委员会the Seventeenth Central Committee）中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission，the CCCPC （主席：Chairman）全国各族人民the people of all ethnic groups中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory“三个代表”重要思想the important thought of Three Represents全面建设小康社会to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects全面落实科学发展观fully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development加快建设法治政府accelerate development of government by the rule of law全面推进依法行政advance all aspects of government administration in accordancewith the law维护社会公正正义safeguard social fairness and justice加强青少年思想道德建设cultivate ideals and ethics among young people人民赋予我们的权力the powers bestowed on us by the people反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government加强公务员队伍建设build a contingent of qualified civil servants增强政府公信力increase public trust in government〔汉译英-1〕加快推进政府改革。
英语单词分类记忆(三)
street
store
水池
车站
邮局
博物馆
体育馆
桥
草坪
街道
商店
二十、学校(school)
classroom
office
reading-room
dormitory
dining-hall
playground
classmate
lesson
教室
办公室
阅览室
宿舍
食堂
操场
同学
课程
二十一、家（home）
kitchen
Korea
Russia
美国
德国
印度
泰国
新西兰
韩国
俄罗斯
十、(subject)
Chinese
math
English
history
geography
chemistry
语文
数学
英语
历史
地理
化学
physics
politics
biology
art
PE
music
物理
政治
生物
美术
体育
音乐
十一、节日（holiday）
agree
fill
order
push
pull
enjoy
press
打扫
同意
充满
命令
推
拉
享受
按，压
二十四、形容词（---的）
big
tall
long
early
heavy
open
happy
easy
soft
good
fast
政经口译内容
政经口译内容随着全球化进程的不断加深，政经口译作为一项重要的翻译工作，在国际交流中扮演着举足轻重的角色。
政经口译旨在将政治、经济等专业领域的信息准确传递给受众，从而促进各国之间的相互理解和合作。
本文将从政治和经济两个方面，探讨政经口译的重要性和技巧。
政治口译是政治领域中的口译活动，它涉及到各国政府间的会议、峰会等重要场合。
政治口译要求译员具备对国际关系、国际法律、国际组织等方面的深入了解，以便准确传递各国政府的政策和立场。
在政治口译中，译员需要保持中立和客观的态度，避免个人情感和偏见对翻译产生影响。
此外，政治口译还要求译员具备良好的沟通能力和应变能力，以便在紧张的场合中迅速做出准确的翻译。
经济口译是经济领域中的口译活动，它涉及到国际贸易、金融市场、经济政策等方面的内容。
经济口译要求译员具备对经济学、国际贸易、金融等专业知识的掌握，以便准确传达各国经济数据和政策信息。
在经济口译中，译员需要关注全球经济动态，了解不同国家的经济体制和市场规则，从而准确理解和翻译相关内容。
此外，经济口译还要求译员具备快速分析和判断的能力，以便在经济快速变化的环境中做出准确的翻译。
政经口译是政治和经济两个领域的口译活动的综合体现。
在政经口译中，译员需要同时具备政治和经济方面的知识和技能，以便准确传递相关信息。
政经口译要求译员具备全面的知识储备和灵活的思维方式，能够在复杂的多领域环境中准确把握重点和关键信息。
此外，政经口译还要求译员具备良好的跨文化交际能力，能够在不同文化背景下进行有效的沟通和理解。
为了提高政经口译的质量，译员需要不断提升自己的专业能力。
首先，译员应该加强对政治和经济领域的学习和研究，深入了解相关专业知识和术语，从而在口译中能够准确理解和传达相关内容。
其次，译员应该注重实践和经验积累，通过参与各类政经口译项目，不断提高自己的翻译能力和应变能力。
最后，译员还应该注重自身素质的提升，包括语言表达能力、文化素养和沟通技巧等方面的提升，以便更好地适应政经口译的需求。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Introduction to NPC and CPPCC
NPC------National People’s Congress
Highest state body in China Unicameral legislative house---vested with lawmaking power Largest parliament in the world (2987members) Described by the West as a rubber-stamp legislature
Foreign Policies of China
Words & Expressions
人民大会堂 Great Hall of the People 国家机构 State body 行政机构 Executive organ 人大代表 Parliamentary representative(NPC representative) 中国共产党 CPC---Communist Party of China
建立和平的国际环境 Foster a peaceful international environment 全面开放 Comprehensive opening-up 迎接新的挑战 Meet new challenges 维护世界和平 Safeguard world peace 努力实现共同繁荣 Strive for common prosperity
常务委员会 Standing committee (of NPC) 外交关系 Foreign relations 改革开放 Reform and opening up 历史性改变 Historical changes 追求共赢发展 Pursue win-win protive participant in international affairs 维护/促进世界和平 Maintain/promote world peace 促进共同发展 Promote common development 起建设性作用 Play a constructive role 建立一个和谐的世界 Build a harmonious world
Consisting of delegates from a range of political parties and organizations and independent members(the proportion is determined by convention) Dominant by CPC
CPPCC----Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Political advisory body(对国家和地方的大政方针以及政治、
经济、文化和社会生活中的重要问题在决策之前进行协商和就决策执 行过程中的重要问题进行协商。)
促进 加强 深化 实现 维护
promote, advance, enhance, encourage strengthen, intensify deepen, intensify achieve, fulfill, realize uphold, safeguard, maintain
Stay on the course of peaceful development, promoting global peace Open up more comprehensively to pursue winwin progress, uphold the common interests of mankind and endeavor to produce prosperity for all Meet new challenges and problems in the course of reform and opening-up; reduce trade imbalances; take measures to ensure product quality, food safety and protect intellectual property rights Contribute to building a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity