高考第一轮复习——语法复习—介词
高考英语一轮复习：介词和介词短语
介词和介词短语（Prepositions）重点用法①介词的种类1.根据形式可以将介词分为简单介词（如in，on，for等）、合成介词（如inside，without等）、双重介词（from behind，from among等）、动词-ing形式的介词（如including，regarding等）和短语介词（如in front of，out of等）。
根据意义可将介词分为表示时间、场所、方向等的介词，介词在句中不能独立做成分。
2.表示时间的介词after在……之后before在……之前around大约……at在……时by到……为止in在……后on在……时till/until直到……3.表示场所、方向的介词across在……对面along沿着……at在……in在……里on在……上above在……上方under/below在……下面beside在……旁边behind在……后面before/in front of在……前面between在……之间among在……之间4.其他介词about关于；对于from从；自从with与……一起；用of……的；属于……的to向；到；对as担任；像；作为for对于；为了；给……besides除了……还有重点用法②表示时间的常用介词辨析用法：1.at表示时刻、时间的某一点；on表示具体的某一天，某一天的上、下午；in表示月、季节、年，泛指上午、下午、晚上（在一段时间内）。
at lunch在午餐时on Monday在周一in January在一月2.before表示“在……之前”；after表示“在……之后”。
I will be back before lunch.午饭之前我赶回来。
The nights start after half past five in winter.冬天的夜晚在5点半之后开始。
3.by表示“在……之前，截止到……”；until/till表示“直到……为止”；by表示到什么时候为止动作已经完成，而until表示动作持续到什么时候，在终止性动词的否定式中，二者通用。
牛津译林版版高考英语一轮复习《介词和介词短语》
the next time you go to your mum’s home
dinner, get a
few cooking tips from her.(2018浙江)
答案及剖析: 1.for search for 意为“搜寻”,固定搭配。 2.for 考查介词。此处意为去母亲家吃饭,表示“目的”用介词for。
be absent from缺席
be different from不同于
be far from远离
be free from不受……影响
6.be+adj.+to be close to接近…… be equal to等于…… be friendly to对……友好 be kind to对……友好 be grateful to对……心存感激
on October the first,on a rainy day,on National Day,on Christmas Eve,on the afternoon of his arrival
in
after 和in
in表示在某段较长的时间内(如:世 纪、朝代、年代、月份)或泛指上 午、下午和傍晚等
7.be+adj.+of be aware of意识到…… be proud of因……而自豪
be devoted to致力于…… be familiar to对……来说熟悉 be harmful to对……有危害 be similar to与……相似
be fond of喜欢…… be short of缺乏……
介词 between
among
用法
例句
一般用于两者之间
I’m usually free between Tuesday and Thursday.
高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 介词
介词介词又叫做前置词，是一种虚词，不能单独在句子当中担当成分，它后面必须接名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类搭配（介词＋宾语）构成介词短语；和动词搭配构成短语动词，然后才能够在句子当中充当成分。
介词分为简单介词，如：at, in, on, besides, since, for等；合成介词，如：inside, outside, without, within, into, onto等；短语介词（或成语介词），如：because of, in front of, instead of, in spite of等；二重介词，如：from behind, until after等。
一、介词短语的句法功能介词在句子中可以充当定语、状语、表语、以及宾语补足语等。
1.作定语介词短语在句中做定语时须位于被修饰词之后。
The key to the door is missing.The water-tower in front of our school was built in 1988.2.作表语（或称为：主语的补足语）Some students are in the classroom, and some on the playground.As we know, Japan is to the east of China.3.作宾语补足语（或称为：宾语的表语）Did you see a pen under my desk this morning?They have sent another rocket into the sky.4.作状语1)On Sundays, the family are mostly out. （时间状语）2)On top of the hill stands a TV tower. （地点状语）3)He is used to sleeping with all the windows open. （伴随状语）4)In the search for the lost child, the villagers went all out. （目的状语）5)All the work must be done by hand. （方式状语）6)At times, I go to the cinema. （频度状语）7)She is by fa r the best student in our class. （程度状语）8)Because of poverty, he couldn’t go to school. (原因状语)9)To my surprise, he got the first prize in the contest. （结果状语 / 或评注性状语）10)Without our Party, we couldn’t live a happy life. （条件状语）11)In spite of great efforts we failed to carry our plans through. （让步状语）12)As a matter of fact, nobody agreed to his project. （评注性状语）In my opinion,you’d better go with us.二、介词的复合结构“介词＋宾语＋补足语”可以构成介词的复合结构，在句子当中可充当表语、定语、状语、补语等。
高考英语一轮复习语法知识必备：03.冠词、代词和介词
⑤(2024·开封模拟) After this, __th__etelescope recorded dozens of pulses from the FRB over the ourse of days.
考点3 与冠词有关的固定搭配 【要点归纳】 1.含不定冠词的固定搭配 have a knowledge/an understanding of了解 have a good view of一览无余 in a hurry匆忙地 as a result因此 as a rule通常 as a whole总体上 as a matter of fact事实上
energy on one set of tasks at __a_ time. ④(2024·泸州模拟) As _a__ result of a partnership between French company L’Oreal and the United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science foundation was founded in 1998 to encourage equality in science.
2.含定冠词的固定搭配 make the most/best of充分利用 in the end最后 by the way顺便说一下 in the distance在远处 in the way挡道 on the whole总的来说
3.含零冠词的固定搭配 at present目前 take part in参加 in peace平静地 by chance/accident偶然 on purpose故意 on second thoughts再三考虑 ahead of time提前 in advance提前
高中英语2025届高考语法复习词法知识讲解(介词+动词)
高考英语语法复习词法知识讲解一、介词介词，顾名思义，是中介，是介绍其他实词，所以介词是虚词，不能独立存在。
介词的英文是preposition，pre(在...之前)position(位置)，所以介词就是前面位置的词，前置词。
介词的本质就是关系，是词和词之间的关系。
介词占据常用英文单词的40%以上。
搞懂了介词，就学会了一半的英语。
（一）规律学习介词，你不要陷入汪洋大海之中，要先抓住基本规律。
第一条规律：中文也有介词，怎么理解中文，就怎么理解英文。
比如，表示时间，在7点前吃，在7点时吃，在7点后吃；表示位置，在桌上吃，在屋里吃，在路边吃。
第二条规律：从一个介词的基本意思出发，延伸理解其他意思。
每个介词有很多意思，对我们来说看似风马牛不相及，但如果从它的本意出发，就会发现相关性很大。
下面我们要介绍一些常用介词，你要先理解它的本意。
（二）表示方位表示位置是绝大多数介词的本意，因为介词的英文就是preposition。
1、in，on，atin - 在...里面。
in the box在盒子里由于是在里面，所以一般表示在一个大的地方里，比如in China；in the cityon - 在...上面。
on the box在盒子上由于是在上面，所以也有接壤、毗邻的意思，比如Russia is on the north of China. 俄罗斯在中国的北边。
at - 在...，表示在一个点。
at the end在结尾由于是在一个点，所以一般表示在具体的位置，比如at home；at the airport根据这几个词的本意，我们可以理解很多细微差别：in表示里面，所以是包裹其中，bird in the tree；on表示接触，所以是长在树上，apple on the tree。
in表示里面，所以是in the car在小车里；on表示上面，所以是on the bus在大巴车上。
有的人说：如果可以站立，就用on，比如on the train，on the plane。
高考英语一轮总复习 介词(短语)和动词(短语)(教师用书)教案 北师大版-北师大版高三全册英语教案
介词〔短语〕和动词〔短语〕(一)介词(短语)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.解析：考查介词。
此处表示追踪北极熊数量的现代方法，表示“……的〞，故答案为of；也可理解为目的，故答案也可为for。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact.解析：考查介词。
a pack of为固定搭配，表示“一包……；一群……〞，故填of。
3．(2019·卷)First celebrated in 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地区)．解析：考查介词。
表示“在哪一年〞用介词in，故填in。
4．(2018·某某卷)If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home for dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.解析：此处for...与前面的go to...搭配，表示目的。
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical munity (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical munity was trying to fight.解析：分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语表示“作为一种抵抗心脏病的方式〞。
新高考英语一轮复习专题六介词(短语)练习含答案
专题六介词(短语)综合提升练1.When I got lost,I had to ask passers-by for help,but people here speak fast and use words I'm not familiar.(人教XB2U2)2.Four years had disappeared a flash.I stood with my certificate in hand and reflected those four years.(译林XB4U4)3.We are specially trained clowns who work part of a programme known as “hospital clowning”.(外研XB1U1)4.As I always tell my son,there are no great difficulties a person who is brave, optimistic,and willing to work hard!(人教XB2U2)5.I wasn't very good at most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins.I suppose I was a bit lazy,especially maths.(北师大XB1U1)6.Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy,one might think he would retire to a life leisure.(人教XB1U5)7.his late twenties,Beethoven suffered one of the worst possible twists for a musician:he started to lose his hearing.(译林XB1U2)8.Where technology will take art next is anyone's guess.But one thing issure—with so many artists exploring new possibilities,we can definitely expect the unexpected.(外研XB1U4)9.From the ancient simple advertisements painted on outdoor signs the colourful,interactive ones in smartphone apps,advertising and the mass media have developed hand in hand.(译林XB2U1)10.Other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges themselves and may become depressed.(人教XB2U2)11.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.(北师大XB1U1)12.Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested,but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect sales.(译林XB2U1)13.We owe so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world people like Bacon and Galilei.(北师大XB2U5改)ter,I had a chance to experience authentic(真正的)Chinese food coming to China.(人教XB2U3)15.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar each other.(外研XB1U5)16.Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure that comes studying abroad.(人教XB2U2)17.The history of the game goes back over two thousand years Ancient China.(外研B2U3)18.Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities,and theseturn will provide them with better career opportunities.(人教XB2U2)19.Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals,which mistake them food.(外研B2U6)20.In addition silk and tea,porcelain was one of the first products to receive worldwide trade.答案1.with2.in/like;on3.as4.for5.in6.of7.In8.for9.to10.by11.to 12.in;on 13.to14.by15.to16.with17.to18.in19.for20.to。
2024届高考英语一轮复习词汇积累易混词辨析讲义
词汇积累——英语易混词辨析1. after, in这两个介词都可以表示“……（时间）以后”的意思。
after以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子中。
如：She went after three days.她是三天以后走的。
in以现在为起点，表将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子中。
如：She will go in three days.她三天以后要走。
2. how long, how often, how soonhow long指“多长时间”，主要用来对一段时间（如three days, four weeks等）提问。
如：How long ago was it?这是多久前的事了?how often指“每隔多久”，主要用来对频率副词或状语（如once a week等）提问。
如：— How often does he come here?— Once a month.——他（每隔）多久来一次?——每月一次。
how soon指“再过多久”，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间（in an hour, in two weeks等）提问。
如：How soon can you come?你多快能赶来?3. few, a few, little, a little, several, somefew和little的意思是否定的，表示“很少”或“几乎没有”；而a few和a little的意思是肯定的，表示“有一些，有一点儿”。
few和a few修饰可数名词；little和a little修饰不可数名词。
several用于修饰可数名词，语意比a few和some更肯定，含有“好几个”的意思。
some可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，从数量上说，它有时相当于a few 或a little,有时指更多一些的数量。
4. the other, anotherthe other指两个人或事物中的“另一个”，表示特指。
第03讲 介词 (课件)-2024年高考英语一轮复习(新教材新高考)
夯基·必备基础知识
知识点 2 介词的基本用法 No.1 表示“时间”的介词
at, on , in at 表示时刻、时间的某一点； at noon, at 7 o’clock, at dawn, at daybreak, at sunrise, at Christmas on 表示具体的某一天，某一天稿的定P上PT、下午或晚上； on October 1st, on a rainy稿新定，dP上aP千Ty，,款海o模量n板素选N材择a持总t续i有o更一nal Day in 表示月、季节、年，泛指上款午适、合你下午、晚上（在一段时间内）; in Ming Dynasty, in September, in the morning
ran into the classroom跑进新教，室上千；款模板ru选s择h总o有u一t of the room冲出房间
款适合你
夯基·必备基础知识
新，上千款模板选择总有一 款适合你
夯基·必备基础知识 知识点1 介词的句法功能和分类
介词按意义分类
原因状语：at, with, because of, for, owing to, on account of 其它介词：about关于, on关于, of ......的, with与......一起，用， without没有, like像, except稿除定了P,PTbesides除了......之外还有, instead of而 不是, but除了，from自从，d稿新e定，sP上pP千Ti，t款e海模,量板i素n选材择s持p总续i有t更e一 of, regardless of等。
within表示“不超过……的范围”。 He will be back in three ho稿ur定s.P他PT3小时后回来。
第06讲 介词(练习)- 2025年高考英语一轮复习(解析版)
第06讲 介词!"01 模拟基础练!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#4%&'567'8.9:302 重难创新练03 真题实战练题型一介词在复杂语境中的基本用法1.（2024年广东省广州市天河区三模试题）“On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal_____ the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said.【答案】from【解析】考查介词。
句意：黄说：“在草坪上，我能感到和动植物联结，让我感觉头脑清醒，从工作压力中恢复过来。
”heal from“从……康复、恢复”，固定短语。
故填from。
2.（2024年湖南省长郡中学、浙江杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考）Sichuan Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine does not typically include the numbing sensation of Sichuan peppercorns.【答案】unlike【解析】考查介词。
句意：与川菜不同，湘菜通常不包括四川胡椒的麻木感。
根据句意可知，此处应用表示“与……不同”的介词unlike，句首单词首字母应大写。
故填Unlike。
3.（2024年江苏泰州模拟预测）“ one of the leading corporations engaged in the BRI, Dongfang Electric Corporation has been committed to sustainable, high-standard development and people’s well-being since 2012,” noted Song Zhiyuan, a director of the company.【答案】As【解析】考查介词。
高三英语一轮复习语法专题：介词)课件
offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.(2015·
全国Ⅰ)
解析
根据句意可知，此处表示 “
驱车只有一小时的路程 ”
。 “
by
交通工具名词” 表示乘坐交通工具。
1
2
3
4
5
6
解析
答案
6.One day ， the cow was eating grass when it began to rain
heavily.While making great efforts to run away， she fell over the hill
and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living without the cow.
(2015·广东)
解析
根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此
解析
句意为：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或用牛奶换其他的食物。这
里用短语exchange...for...，故填介词for。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
解析
答案
6.When the bus finally came ， we all hurried on board.I got a place
next to the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.
介词 的介词
among等
分词
介词
短语
介词
有一部分动词的ing形式具备
介词的特质，在很多情况下，
被视为介词
由一个或几个简单介词和一个
高考英语 一轮复习 专题4 介词
介词＋名词：in trouble， in danger， in surprise， in detail，
at war， at table， at dusk
表示时间： at， in， on， by， after， before， since，
for， during， within， through， over， until， till
合by成，介b词eh：indin，to，froimns，ideli，ke，witahso，ut，undoeurt，sidew，itht，hrouungthilout， toward， within
双重介词：from behind， from under
按结分词介词：given＝considering考虑到， including包括， 介词构分 following在……以后
介词按义意分表表示示原方因式：：bweicthau工se具of，，oinwi语ng言to，，材du料et，o，byfo方r，式as a result of， at
表示除外：besides， except， but， except for， apart from
表示数量：about， round， around大约， over超过
for，
succeed
in，
send
for，
语 break into， burst into， look into， run into， approve of， consist of，
介词中的
dream of， depend on， insist on， concentrate
feed on， carry on， on， focus on， adapt
表示关于：about， on 表示增减：by， to
2022届高考英语一轮复习基础语法课2代词介词介词短语学案北师大版(含答案)
高考英语一轮复习重难语法:基础语法课(2)——代词、介词(介词短语) 语法项目一代词[语境中体悟用法]朗读下面短文，体会、领悟加黑代词的意义及在句中充当的成分。
We①students should get on well with each other②.But in fact, something unpleasant can happen from time to time. For example, yesterday afternoon, it③was fine. All④ of us went out to the playground. Some were playing games and others⑤were playing football when two boys of us quarreled and then fought. Every one⑥ of us was confused because they were ever very good friends and nobody⑦ could exactly tell what⑧they fought for. Neither⑨of them wanted to give in to the other⑩.I thought it⑪ wrong of them to do so. So I tried to tell them⑫ that we should put ourselves ⑬ in others' shoes, but both⑭ of them were too angry to calm down. It⑮ was not until our headteacher came that they parted. In my opinion, it⑯ is necessary for us to calm down and solve problems that we meet. Only those⑰ who can easily forgive and forget will get a more comfortable life.[用法体悟]①we是人称代词的主格，在本句中作主语。
高考英语一轮复习：介词(六)
高考英语一轮复习：介词（六）姓名：__________ 班级：__________学号：__________一、单选题1.There were cheers for each of the speakers as they spoke .A. in returnB. in minsC. in turnD. in vain2.Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is ________ at some public places.A. out of dangerB. on the runC. out of sightD. on the rise3.It's very kind _______the warm-hearted woman ________us out when we were in trouble.A. of; to helpB. of; to have helpedC. for; to helpD. for; to have helped4.When they got there, they found the people suffering from the storm were food and water supplies.A. in want ofB. in praise ofC. in honor ofD. in place of5.The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year ________ 24 solar terms.A. throughB. fromC. intoD. for6.______, we should sleep at sleep at least 8 hours a day, but in practice we sleep less than that.A. In factB. In theoryC. On averageD. In particular7.It is said that the price of goods are high in that city. So you should take more money______________.A. in thatB. in timeC. in caseD. in short8.This book will ______ to the students of English.A. be of great valueB. be of great valuableC. be great valueD. be of very value9.He could see the tall chimneys of the factory ______.A. from distanceB. in distanceC. in the distanceD. to a distance10.I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing.A. except thatB. besidesC. except forD. except11.The book is _____: Several ideas have been proved not suitable for the situation today.A. out of orderB. out of shapeC. out of dateD. out of control12.The old lady helped me a lot when I was in trouble. I do wish I could do something for her one day.A. in returnB. in commonC. in theoryD. in turn13.With a lot of problems _____, the manager felt very upset.A. solvedB. to solveC. solvingD. being solved14.This is the benchmark ___________ students ultimately model their own passion to learn.A. on whichB. by whichC. on thatD. by that15.The key to happiness lies in better relationships, knowledge and _______ health.A. in allB. above allC. after allD. at all二、单词拼写（词汇运用）16.The bank is just o (在对面)the church. You won't miss it.17.________ (尽管) applying for hundreds of jobs, he hasn't found one. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）18.Please put tools which you use a lot ________(在…之内)easy reach.19.Mr Smith ________ her ________(指控) telling a lie.20.With the teacher (指导)them, the students have made great progress in English21.D________ great difficulties in moving the temples, the Egyptian government made it by turning to other countries for help. （根据首字母单词拼写）22. （不像，不同）most people in the office, I don't come to work by car.23.The athletes displayed great skill and confidence ________(贯穿) the contest.24.U his quiet brother, Jeff has a violent temper.25.You must finish the task w________ a week, or we will be to blame for it.三、语法填空26.Generally speaking, a journalist should have a good nose current affairs.27.I suffered a heavy cold and couldn't sleep well.28.The sound of the engine died as the car drove the distance.29.The boss made some adjustments ________the tasks for everyone.30.You'd better feed some food your pet dog. It's starving to death.答案解析部分一、单选题1. C2. D3. B4. A5. C6. B7. C8. A9. C10. A11. C12. A13. B14. B15. B二、单词拼写（词汇运用）16. opposite17. Despite18. within19. accused；of20. guiding21. Despite22. Unlike23. throughout24. Unlike25. within三、语法填空26. for27. from28. away；into29. to30. to。
(6)固定搭配_2022届高考英语一轮复习语法总动员之介词和介词短语
（6）固定搭配—2022届高考英语一轮复习语法总动员之介词和介词短语一、1.Crash rates are the highest during a teen's first few months _____ the wheel.2.Tickets _________ the 2017 Grand Chinese New Year Concert in ST Petersburg sold out, with 90% of the audience local Russians.3.He switched the conversation from one subject _________ another.4.__________ time, the idea is further developed into a written proposal, called a bill.5.The worms can make farmers lose their profits. __________ make matters worse, they are difficult to fight.6.The coach asked his staff to attend __________ the large group of journalists waiting for him to announce his training plans.7.It was a real race __________ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.8.Sometimes many people feel __________ a loss what to say in front of strangers.9.Treat others with dignity, and you would earn respect __________ return.10.Western food isn't __________ everyone's taste. Most Chinese still prefer traditional Chinese food.二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
语法专题讲解之介词课件高三英语一轮复习
13
高考链接
3. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ____o_f___ dogs， seven to be exact.
位于…之内 位于…之外
同…接壤
空中，在流传
播出
在阳光下
在世界上
在角落里（内角）
在角落上（外角上）
在拐角处（外角）
08
介词：in/on/at专场
On the eve of On the side of At the back of At the top of At the bottom of At /on the edge of In the course of In the eyes of In the face of
有时
始终
在…时候 与此同时 到…时候迟到，过期 落在时代后面 Nhomakorabea绝不
立即，马上
曾经
每次
过段时间后
有段时间
10
介词的搭配原则：
1.4 解题方法
判断空格处应填介词
1.与空前v./n./adj.搭配：常见固定搭配 e.g. depend _________; pay attention ________; be curious ___________
on for after over beside of as without about during
05
1.3 介词综合
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
年级高三学科英语版本人教实验版内容标题语法复习—介词编稿老师谢小兆【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：语法复习—介词（一）介词的分类与语法功能（1）介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等）构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。
介词分为：简单介词，如at、in、for等；合成介词，如within、inside、onto、throughout等；短语介词，如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。
双重介词，如from behind / above / under、until after等。
分词介词，如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。
常见的介词宾语：名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式等。
如：①It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.②He quarrelled with her yesterday.③He succeeded in passing the final exam.④I‟m still thinking of how I can fulfi ll the task ahead of time.⑤The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.（2）介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。
如：①This machine is in good condition.(表语)②Where is the key to my bike?(定语)③Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(状语)④She always thinks herself above others.（宾补）（二）介词搭配（1）“动词+介词”搭配：注意特定搭配与同一介词和多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。
①rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow（“夺去、除去”意义的动词与of 连用）②supply us with food / fill the glass with wine（“供给”意义的动词与with连用）③make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat（“制作、制造”意义与of、from、into连用）④介词+ the + 部位与动词的关系（=动词+ sb.‟s + 部位，可换用）strike him on the head(“击，拍，碰，摸”意义与on连用)catch him by the arm(“抓，拉，拿，扯”意义与by连用)hit the boy in the face（“肚，胸，眼，脸”等人体前部与in连用）⑤prevent(stop, keep)sb. from doing sth.(“阻止，禁止”意义与from连用)⑥persuade(advise, warn)sb. into doing sth.（“说服，建议”意义与into连用）⑦buy sth. for sb.(leave、get、win、gain、lose等“得失”意义与for连用)⑧tell sth.to sb.(show、teach、sing、write、read等“告知”意义与to连用)⑨give sth. to sb.（give、allow、promise、pass、hand等“授予”意义与to连用）注意：⑦⑧⑨可换成buy /tell / give sb.sth.双宾结构。
⑩say to sb.(suggest、explain、apologize、murmur、whisper与“对象”连用必须用to,不可说suggest sb.sth.)。
同一动词与不同介词搭配意义不同。
同一介词与不同动词搭配，意义各异。
reply to the letter回信，sing(dance)to the music和……唱（跳），amount to 达到，加起来有……，devote to把……贡献给，drink to为……干杯，object to反对，look forward to 渴望，come to苏醒，belong to属于，search for搜……，ask … for … 寻找，use … for用作，leave for前往，take … for误以为，call of倡导，wait for等待，care for喜欢，make up for弥补损失，turn to求助（救）于，help oneself to随意，agree to同意，compare … to把……比作，send for派人去请（拿）……，sail for驶向，航向，set out for动身去，go in for爱好……。
（2）常见“形容词+ 介词”搭配。
worthy of值得的，glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴，far from离……远，grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人，free from没有……（免除……），proud of(take pride in)自豪，satisfied with (by)满意，sure of / about确信，fond of喜欢，fit for适合，busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事，full of充满，ready for准备，similar to相似，wrong with不对；有毛病……（3）“名词+ 介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。
（三）核心介词用法归纳与辨析（1）表示时间的介词in的用法如下。
表示在某一较长时间内，如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in，如：in the 1990s, in the year, in January, in(the) winter / summer / fall / spring, in the first week of May。
还可以用时间名词组成固定短语或词组。
如：in a while, in no time, in the daytime, in a short while, in time, in the morning (afternoon, evening)。
但要注意：①at night / at noon, in the day(在白天),in the night（在夜间）。
②in five days（weeks, months, years）中in的意思是“在……以后”。
③in和during表一段时间内两词可互用。
如：in the night, during the night, in the war, during the war。
但略有区别：当接表示“活动”的抽象名词时多用during，接“活动”的动名词及短语时用in。
如：（2）在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕，常用on。
（3）表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。
at breakfast(supper, lunch),at sixat noon (sunrise, sunset, midday, night, midnight, dawn)at the age of 15, at the time of war,但in time of danger/ trouble。
注意：有些时间名词前不接介词。
如：next day、last Sunday、that morning、these yearsone、each、any、every、some、all修饰时,一般不用介词,如some dayone day、yesterday afternoon（4）in、after、later①in + 一段时间：表示说话时为起点一段时间之后，与一般将来时连用；但表示“在……之内”时，用于各种时态。
②一段时间+ later(later是副词)：表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。
③after + 一段时间表示：“在……之后”，用于一般过去时；但时间为点时间时，只能用after,即after + 点时间，用于各种时态。
The doctor will be with us in six minutes.She graduated in 1981,and eight years later she became the manager of the factory.He received her letter after four weeks.另外，in + 一段时间+ …s + time 与within + 一段时间的用法如下：in a week‟s time = in a weekThey will arrive in three days‟ time.(与将来时连用)My brother‟s birthday is in two weeks‟ time.（作表语）I‟ll finish the book within two weeks.(within = in less than…用于各种时态，不超出，在……之内)（5）地点介词at、on、in、to、across、through、over、under、below。
①at 在较小的场所，in在较大的场所，on在……的平面上。
如at the door、at the airport、at the station、at 55 Park Street、in China、in the north、in Asia、on the desk、on the wall 等。
②on、to、in还可以表示两地相对位置。
若A地属于B地，用in；A地位于B地的外面且有边缘衔接用on；无边缘衔接用to。
如：Japan lies to the east of China.(范围之外)Taiwan lies in the southeast of China.（范围之外）Hunan province lies on the west of Hubei province.(毗邻)The island lies off the coast of China.(相隔一定距离)③地点介词的引申、比喻意义：in the sun在阳光下，in the dark(ness)在黑暗中，in the dark 不知道，in freezing weather在严寒天气中，in the mud在泥中，in the earth在地下,in the desert 在沙漠中,in a heavy rain 在大雨中，in the snow / wind在雪/风中,in public 当众，in trouble 在困境中，get into trouble陷入困境，out of trouble摆脱困难，beyond hope绝望。