(江苏专用)2020高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解C篇专练(二)
2020年江苏省高考英语仿真模拟试题二（附答案）
2020年江苏省高考英语仿真模拟试题二（附答案）2020年江苏省高考英语仿真模拟试题二（附答案）本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
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第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) （略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AMy college experience included this life-skill lesson: Drink alcohol on a full stomach. Or you will get inebriated too quickly. Of course, most college students shouldn’t be drinking at all, but we know from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism that close to 60 percent of college students aged 18 to 22 do consume alcohol, which makes harm-reducing approaches important.Unfortunately, campus authorities and researchers are reporting a practice that turns the full-stomach drinking strategy on its head: rather than filling up before a night of partying, significant numbers of students refuse to eat all day before consuming alcohol.This is a high-risk behavior called “drunkorexia,” which is one part eating disorder, one part alcoholism—a very dangerous combination for college-age students. The term drunkorexia, which can also include excessive exercise or purging before consuming alcohol, was coined about 10 years ago, and it started showing up in medical research around 2012. Drunkorexia addresses the need to be the life of the party while staying extremely thin, pointing to a flawed mind-set about body image and alcoholism among college students, mostly women.Imagine this scenario: A femal e college freshman doesn’t eat anything all day, exercises on an empty stomach, then downs five shots of tequila in less than two hours. Because there’s no food in her system to help slow the absorption of alcohol, those shots affect her rapidly, leading to inebriation and possibly passing out, vomiting or suffering alcohol poisoning. That’s drunkorexia.Tavis Glassman, professor of health education and public health at the University of Toledo in Ohio, researches drunkorexia and worries about scenarios suc h as the one described above: “With nothing in her system, alcohol hits quickly, and that brings up the same issues as with any high-risk drinking: getting home safely, sexual assault, unintentional injury, fights, hangovers that affect class attendance and grades, and possibly ending up in emergency because the alcohol hits so hard,” he says.“Alcohol can negatively affect the liver or gastrointestinal system, it can interfere with sleep, lower the immune system and is linked to several types of cancers,” Hultin says.1. What does the underlined word “inebriated” in paragraph 1 mean?A. excitedB. overwhelmedC. addictedD. drunk2. We can infer from the passage that ____________.A. a large number of college students spend most of their nights partyingB. some college students refuse to eat before drinking alcohol to keep slimC. There is a direct link between body image and consuming alcoholD. female college student is more likely to be hurt if she drinks alcohol3. Which of the following may Tavis Glassman agree with?A. With more food in one’s system, he may suffer from the effects of alcohol slowly.B. Drinking five shots of tequila in less than two hours is the performance of drunkorexia.C. Those who don’t attend classes and have lower grades tend to be addicted to alcohol.D. Alcohol has negative effects on the immune system and may lead to several cancers.BThe first men and women came to Britain over two and a half million years ago. They were hunters and gatherers of food who used stone tools and weapons. But the British Isles only became islands separate from the rest of Europe about 8,500 years ago, when melting ice formed the English Channel!3,000 years after Britain became an island, new tribes who came by boat from the mainland introduced farming. These tribes built earthworks for protection and as tombs for their dead.Many of these man-made hills can still be seen.Later on, people learned to build stone monuments. The most amazing is Stonehenge, a circle of huge stones begun about 4,500 ye ars ago. Stonehenge is the world’s most famous prehistoric monument. We don’t know what it meant or what it was used for, though many different suggestions have been made.3,000 years ago the climate in Britain became colder and wetter than before, and people had to move down from high ground. A bit later iron started to be sued for tools and weapons instead of bronze.Knowledge of ironworking may have been brought by the Celts, a new wave of immigrants who started to arrive from southern Europe in about 500 BC.What we know about the first people in Britain has been worked out by archaeologists from the remains they left behind them. Pytheas, a Greek, was the first person who could read and write to come to Britain. His visit was in about 330 BC, over 2000 years after Stonehenge was begun. Unfortunately, what Pytheas wrote has been lost, so we don’t have any written record of Britain until the Romans came, almost 300 years after he did!4.This passage mainly tells us _______ .A.The dawn of history in BritainB.How English Channel was formedC.How the British made a living millions of years agoD.When humans appeared on the British Isles5.In this passage “the man-made hill” probably refers to ___________ .A.The small islands in BritainB.Earthworks for protection and as tombsC.The amazing StonehengeD.The farms opened up by the first man6.Why did people move to low ground 3,000 years ago?A.Because iron tools were used for farmingB.Because the climate made it unfit for man to live thereC.Because more people arrived from southern EuropeD.Because the Celts forced them to do so7.Only after ________ do people have written records about Britain.A.the arrival of the CeltsB.Stonehenge was begunC.Pytheas’s visitD.the Romans cameCDuring Amsterdam’s chaotic rush hour, nine -year-old Lotta Crok cycles to a very busy junction. “Look,” she says. “There’s traffic coming from everywhere. Four trams from four differ ent directions. For a child on a bike that’s really confusing!”Lotta is the first junior cycle mayor in the world and her working area is the Dutch capital. You would think this challenge would be superfluous in a city known as the bicycle capital of the world. The number of bicycles in Amsterdam is estimated at 81,000 - more than the city’s 850,000 inhabitants - and 63% of the population cycle daily.But children who cycle in Amsterdam face challenges, Lotta says: “The three biggest problems for us are ca rs, cycling tourists and scooters (小型摩托). The cars take up too much space, the tourists are always swinging side to side and stop when you least expect it, and the scooters simply run you over.”Lotta became junior cycle mayor in June last year when shewon a contest in which school children were asked to come up with plans to make cycling safer and more fun. Her idea was to add children’s bikes to the popular bike share programme.Since Lotta was appointed junior cycle mayor, she has been busy, giving interviews, opening cycling contests in the city and being a jury (评审员) member during the Amsterdam Light Parade, an event in which Amsterdammers decorate their bikes with lights.She is now planning a meeting with the city’s mayor to discuss ideas that childr en have come up with: “One of our proposals is a bicycle park w here children can learn how to cycle. Right now, most of us learn a it in the street, which can be quite busy. Another idea is to create an app for tourists to teach them the rules of cycling, because most of them really don’t know.”Following the success of the Amsterdam scheme, cycle mayors around the world are now planning to appoint junior colleagues. “They see it works really well,” Boerma, the senior major, says. “I talk to the parents, L otta talks to the children. And if you look at the city through the eyes of a child, you will also make it accessible for others. A city that’s good for an eight-year-old is also good for an 88-year-old.”8. Why is a junior cycle mayor appointed in Amsterdam?A. To teach children how to ride.B. To ensure cycling is safer for children.C. To give suggestions to the city’s mayor on how to run the city.D. To organize the cycling contests in the city.9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “superfluous” in paragraph 2?A. ImportantB. UnnecessaryC. DifficultD. Valuable10. What has Lotta done since she became the bike mayor? .A. She has solved the three biggest problems for children cycling in Amsterdam.B. She has won a contest about cycling.C. She has given interviews and been a jury member during a parade.D. She has given proposals to the city mayor.11. What’s Boerma’s attitude to the junior cycle mayor?A. CautiousB. FavorableC. AmbiguousD. DisapprovingDGive yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A c hild’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the RockyMountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guid es, and said, a “ruby-crowned kinglet” and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.The pressures of “time” and “destination” are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to s ee what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. “Oh, a few birds, ” they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.12. According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ________.A. anxious to do wonders.B. sensitive to others’ feelings.C. likely to develop unpleasant habits.D. eager to explore the world around them.13. What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?A. To avoid jumping to conclusions.B. To stop complaining all the time.C. To follow the teacher’s advice.D. To admit mistakes honestly.14. The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they _______.A. are very patient in their observation.B. are really fascinated by nature.C. care only about the names of birds.D. question the accuracy of the field guides.15. In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should ______.A. fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world.B. get rid of some bad habits in our daily life.C. open our mind to new things and ideas.D. try our best to protect nature.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020江苏高考英语二轮培优新方案：专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解C篇高分练(二)
专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解C篇高分练(二)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2019·苏州模拟)One sunny afternoon in the autumn of the year 1861 a soldier lay in a clump of laurel (月桂树) by the side of a road in western Virginia. He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head upon the left forearm.His extended right hand loosely grasped his gun. But for the slight rhythmic movement of his back, he might have been thought to be dead. He was asleep at his post of duty. But if found, he would be dead shortly afterward, death being the just and legal penalty for his crime.The sleeping soldier was a young Virginian named Carter Druse. He was the son of wealthy parents, an only child. His home was but a few miles from where he now lay. One morning he had risen from the breakfast table and said, quietly but gravely, “Father, the Union Army has arrived at Grafton, I am going to join it.”The father lifted his head, looked at the son for a moment in silence, and replied, “Go, Carter, and whatever may occur, do what you consider to be your duty. Virginia, which you betray, must get on without you. Should we both live to the end of the war, we will speak further of the matter. Your mother, as the physician has informed you, is in a most critical condition; at best she cannot be with us longer than a few we eks, but that time is precious. It would be better not to disturb her.”So Carter Druse, bowed to his father and left the home of his childhood. By conscience and courage, he was soon well received by his fellows and his officers; and it was to these qualities and to some knowledge of the country that he owed his selection for his present duty at the extreme post. Nevertheless, he fell asleep, exhausted. What good or bad angel came in a dream to awake him from his state of crime, who shall say? He quietly raised his forehead from his arm and looked between the laurels.His first feeling was a keen artistic delight. On the cliff was a statue of impressive dignity. The figure of the man sat on the horse, straight and soldierly. The face of the rider, turned slightly away; he was looking downward to the bottom of the valley.Broad awake and keenly alive now, Druse cautiously pushed the gun forward through the bushes and covered a vital spot of the horseman's breast. A touch upon the trigger (扳机) and all would have been well with Druse. At that instant the horseman turned and looked in his direction —seemed to look into his very face, into his eyes, into his brave heart.Druse grew pale; he shook in every limb (肢) and turned faint. His hand fell away from his weapon, his head slowly dropped until his face rested on the leaves in which he lay.The duty of the soldier was plain — the man must be shot dead. But no — there is a hope; he may have discovered nothing —perhaps he is but admiring the beauty of the landscape. Druse turned his head and looked through the deeps of air downward. He saw some foolish commander was permitting the soldiers to water their beasts in the open!Druse withdrew his eyes from the valley and fixed them again upon the group of man and horse in the sky, and again it was through the sights of his gun. But this time his aim was at the horse. In his memory rang the words of his father, “Whatever may occur, do what you consider to be your duty.”He fired.Ten minutes had hardly passed when a Federal officer crept cautiously to him.“Did you fire？” the officer whispered.“Yes.”“At what？”“A horse. It was standing on the rock, pretty far out. You see it is no longer there. It went over the cliff.”The man's face was white, but he showed no other sign of emotion. Having answered, he turned away his eyes and said no more. The officer did not understand.“See here, Druse，” he said, after a moment's silence, “it's no use making a mystery. I order you to report. Was there anybody on the horse？”“Yes.”“Well？”“My father.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷真题英语试题解析版
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷真题英语试题解析版Section 1: Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)In this section, you will read several passages and answer questions based on the information provided. Below are the explanations and analysis of the questions from the 2020 National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) English test questions for Jiangsu Province.Passage 1The first passage discusses the benefits of reading books. The passage highlights the importance of reading, as it helps to broaden one's imagination and improve critical thinking skills. It also emphasizes the positive impact of reading on language development and vocabulary expansion.Question 1: According to the passage, what are the benefits of reading books?Answer: The benefits of reading books include broadening imagination, enhancing critical thinking, improving language skills, and expanding vocabulary.Passage 2The second passage introduces the concept of "eco-anxiety" and its effects on individuals. It explains how climate change and environmental issues can contribute to increased stress and anxiety. The passage also suggests ways to cope with eco-anxiety, such as engaging in environmental activism and seeking support from others.Question 2: What is eco-anxiety?Answer: Eco-anxiety refers to increased stress and anxiety caused by climate change and environmental issues.Section 2: Vocabulary and Grammar (词汇与语法)In this section, you will be tested on your knowledge of vocabulary and grammar usage through various sentence completion and error correction tasks.Question 3: Choose the word that best completes the sentence: The company has experienced significant ________ since the new CEO took over.a) growthb) strengthc) deficitd) reductionAnswer: a) growthQuestion 4: Identify the grammatical error in the following sentence: She don't have enough time to finish her work.Answer: The sentence should be corrected to "She doesn't have enough time to finish her work." The verb "don't" should be changed to "doesn't" to match the singular subject "She."Section 3: Cloze Test (完型填空)In this section, you will read a passage with missing words and select the most appropriate option to fill in the gaps.PassageThe passage discusses the importance of perseverance in achieving goals. It shares stories of successful individuals who have overcome challenges and setbacks through their determination and hard work.Question 5: Which word best fits in the gap? In order to succeed, one must have ________ and never give up.a) ambitionb) motivationc) perseveranced) talentAnswer: c) perseveranceSection 4: Translation (翻译)In this section, you will be asked to translate a sentence from Chinese to English or vice versa.Question 6: Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: "He is studying at a prestigious university in the United States."Answer: "他正在美国一所著名的大学学习。
(江苏专用)2020高考英语二轮复习 专题限时检测(二十)阅读理解C篇专练(一)
专题限时检测(二十) 阅读理解C篇专练(一)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2020·无锡一模)Captain America and Blackpanther were about to defend Earth from the criminal Thanos when Kevin Foley first noticed something was wrong.Foley, a 46yearold informationtechnology worker from Kyle, Texas, was heading into the theater to see Avengers: Infinity War when he realized he was having trouble breathing normally.The same symptom struck again during another movie the following night, but more severe this time.Once the cast on the second film rolled, Foley took action: he looked at his wristwatch.It was a bigger step than you might imagine, because Foley was wearing an Apple Watch equipped with medical sensors and experimental software to track basic functions of his heart.And the watch was worried.It had, according to the display, detected signs of an irregular heartbeat.Before long, Foley was in an emergency room, where doctors hooked him up to an ECG (心电图), which showed that he was in atrial fibrillation (心房颤动), an irregular heartbeat that can lead to blood clots (血栓), stroke and other potentially disastrous diseases.Foley spent the next few days in the hospital while doctors worked to return him to a normal heart rhythm —eventually turning to a procedure called electrical cardioversion to shock his heart back to normal.Foley is doing fine now.But he believes that, if not for the warning on his watch, he might not have sought help in time.“I would have never known，” he says.Foley and his watch were part of an experiment run by Apple and Stanford's med ical school.But beginning Dec.6, anyone can get an onthefly heart checkup, assuming they've paid ＄399 or more for an Apple Watch.That's whenApple will launch a software update that turns its latest model, called the Series 4, into a personal ECG, thanks to an innovative new sensor.Though less complicated than hospital ECG machines, the watch version can still provide basic information and warnings of potential risks worthy of a closer look by a medical professional.For Apple, this new ECG on your wrist is its biggest bet yet that personal technology will inevitably include personal health.Along with competitors, Apple has already offered fitness functions, such as apps to track the steps you've walked.But with the new ECG scan, Apple is moving straight into medical aspects of health, a distinction underlined by the fact it sought — and received — Food and Drug Administration clearance for the heart monitor.A．To arouse the readers' interest.B．To raise a common problem.C．To lead the readers to the topic.D．To guide the readers to do first aid.解析：选C 推理判断题。
(江苏专用)2020高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测(二十四)阅读理解D篇增分练(二)
专题限时检测(二十四) 阅读理解D 篇增分练(二)(共2篇，限时20分钟)AThe United Nations Climate Change Conference takes place next week in Poland. About 20,000 people from 190 countries are expected to take part in the conference. There, world leaders will debate how to limit climate change — the weather events linked to slowly rising temperatures on Earth. They will discuss ways to reduce carbon emissions (排放物) and other pollution which, scientists say, can give rise to longterm changes to our planet.For environmentalists, one area of concern is South America's Amazon rainforest. Brazil holds about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest. It is also the most biodiverse country on Earth, with more than 56,000 species of plants, 1,700 species of birds, 695 amphibians, 578 mammals, and 651 reptiles. Studies have shown that the Amazon takes in as much as 2 billion tons of carbon dioxide a year and releases about 20 percent of Earth's oxygen.Scientists wonder whether the rainforest will be protected under Brazil's next president, Jair Bolsonaro, who began to take office on January 1, 2019. Bolsonaro had said that his country should withdraw from the 2015 Paris Agreement. Under the agreement, most nations promised to reduce carbon emissions by 37 percent over 2005 levels by the year 2030. The presidentelect claims a mandate (授权) from voters to develop land for agriculture and other purposes. He said that Brazil's rainforest protection is standing in the way of economic success.Scientists say deforestation is a major reason for climate change. Studies have linked rising temperatures to the destruction of forests. Scientists worry about the future of the Amazon. New Brazilian government records show the speed of deforestation has increased over the past year.Carlos Nobre, a climate scientist at the University of S a ～o Paulo, told theAssociated Press that it is almost impossible to say just how important the rainforest is to the planet's living systems. Some scientists call the Amazon “the lungs of the planet”. They liken it to human lungs. Each tree takes in and stores carbon dioxide from the air around it. The trees also release the oxygen we need to live. The Amazon, the world's largest rainforest, also creates weather. Billions of trees pull up water through their roots. Then the trees release water vapor into theair. The vapor forms a thick mist, made up of tiny drops of water. These water particlesmove up into the clouds and later return to earth as rain. Scientists estimate thatthe Amazon creates 30 to 50 percent of its own rainfall.During the election campaign, Bolsonaro promised to ease protection for areasof the Brazilian Amazon set aside for native peoples and wildlife. He said thatindigenous lands and nature reserves restrict economic growth.“All these reservescause problems for development，”he said. The presidentelect also talked abouttaking away the power of Brazil's environmental ministry to enforce laws forprotecting the environment.～Paulo Artaxo is a professor of environmental physics at the University of S ao Paul o. He said that if Bolsonaro keeps his campaign promises, then “deforestationof the Amazon will probably increase quickly —and the effects will be felt everywhereon the planet”．However, senatorelect Luiz Carlos Heinze, noted that farmers are not invad ers(侵略者), but producers. He blamed the past administrations for supporting nativerights at the expense of farmers. “Brazil，” he said，“will be the biggest farmingnation on Earth during Bolsonaro's years.”Scientists warn that if the Amazon and other rainforests lose too many trees,this could affect rainfall and global climate. Nobre and others estimate that the“tipping” point (引爆点) for the Amazon system is 20 to 25 percent deforestation.Without enough trees to support the rainfall, the longer and bigger dry season couldturn more than half of the rainforest into a tropical grassland.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解C篇高分练(二)
专题限时检测(二十一) 阅读理解C篇高分练(二)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2019·苏州模拟)One sunny afternoon in the autumn of the year 1861 a soldier lay in a clump of laurel (月桂树) by the side of a road in western Virginia. He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head upon the left forearm.His extended right hand loosely grasped his gun. But for the slight rhythmic movement of his back, he might have been thought to be dead. He was asleep at his post of duty. But if found, he would be dead shortly afterward, death being the just and legal penalty for his crime.The sleeping soldier was a young Virginian named Carter Druse. He was the son of wealthy parents, an only child. His home was but a few miles from where he now lay. One morning he had risen from the breakfast table and said, quietly but gravely, “Father, the Union Army has arrived at Grafton, I am going to join it.”The father lifted his head, looked at the son for a moment in silence, and replied, “Go, Carter, and whatever may occur, do what you consider to be your duty. Virginia, which you betray, must get on without you. Should we both live to the end of the war, we will speak further of the matter. Your mother, as the physician has informed you, is in a most critical condition; at best she cannot be with us longer than a few weeks, but that time is precious. It would be better not to disturb her.”So Carter Druse, bowed to his father and left the home of his childhood. By conscience and courage, he was soon well received by his fellows and his officers; and it was to these qualities and to some knowledge of the country that he owed his selection for his present duty at the extreme post. Nevertheless, he fell asleep, exhausted. What good or bad angel came in a dream to awake him from his state of crime, who shall say? He quietly raised his forehead from his arm and looked between the laurels.His first feeling was a keen artistic delight. On the cliff was a statue of impressive dignity. The figure of the man sat on the horse, straight and soldierly. The face of the rider, turned slightly away; he was looking downward to the bottom of the valley.Broad awake and keenly alive now, Druse cautiously pushed the gun forward through the bushes and covered a vital spot of the horseman's breast. A touch upon the trigger (扳机) and all would have been well with Druse. At that instant the horseman turnedand looked in his direction — seemed to look into his very face, into his eyes, into his brave heart.Druse grew pale; he shook in every limb (肢) and turned faint. His hand fell away from his weapon, his head slowly dropped until his face rested on the leaves in which he lay.The duty of the soldier was plain — the man must be shot dead. But no — there is a hope; he may have discovered nothing — perhaps he is but admiring the beauty of the landscape. Druse turned his head and looked through the deeps of air downward. He saw some foolish commander was permitting the soldiers to water their beasts in the open!Druse withdrew his eyes from the valley and fixed them again upon the group of man and horse in the sky, and again it was through the sights of his gun. But this time his aim was at the horse. In his memory rang the words of his father, “Whatever may occur, do what you consider to be your duty.”He fired.Ten minutes had hardly passed when a Federal officer crept cautiously to him.“Did you fire？” the of ficer whispered.“Yes.”“At what？”“A horse. It was standing on the rock, pretty far out. You see it is no longer there. It went over the cliff.”The man's face was white, but he showed no other sign of emotion. Having answered, he turned away his eyes and said no more. The officer did not understand.“See here, Druse，” he said, after a moment's silence, “it's no use making a mystery. I order you to report. Was there anybody on the horse？”“Yes.”“Well？”“My father.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。
高考英语江苏专二轮复习专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解C篇专练（二）Word含解析
高考英语江苏专二轮复习专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解C篇专练（二）Word含解析专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解C篇专练(二)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2018·镇江高三一模)Most of us are already aware of the direct effect we have on our friends and family. But we rarely consider that everything we think, feel, do, or say can spread far beyond the people we know. Conversely (相反地), our friends and family serve as conduits (渠道) for us to be influenced by hundreds or even thousands of other people. In a kind of social chain reaction, we can be deeply affected by events we do not witness that happen to people we do not know. As part of a social network, we go beyond ourselves, for good or ill, and become a part of something much larger.Our connectedness carries with it fundamental implications (影响) for the way we understand the human condition. Social networks have value precisely because they can help us to achieve what we could not achieve on our own. Yet, social-network effects are not always positive. Depression, obesity, financial panic, and violence also spread. Social networks, it turns out, tend to magnify (放大) whatever they are seeded with.Partly for this reason, social networks are creative. And what these networks create does not belong to any one individual —it is shared by all those in the network. In this way, a social network is like a commonly owned forest: we all stand to benefit from it, but we also must work together to ensure it remains healthy and productive. While social networks are fundamentally and distinctively human, and can be seen everywhere, theyshould not be taken for granted.If you are happier or richer or healthier than others, it may have a lot to do with where you happen to be in the network, even if you cannot recognize your own location. And it may have a lot to do with the overall structure of the network, even if you cannot control that structure at all. And in some cases, the process feeds back to the network itself. A person with many friends may become rich and then attract even more friends. This rich-get-richer dynamic means social networks can dramatically reinforce two different kinds of inequality in our society: situational inequality and positional inequality.Lawmakers have not yet considered the consequences of positional inequality. Still, understanding the way we are connected is an essential step in creating a more just society and in carrying out public policies affecting everything from public health to the economy. We might be better off vaccinating (接种疫苗) centrally located individuals rather than weak individuals. We might be better off helping interconnected groups of people to avoid criminal behavior rather than preventing or punishing crimes one at a time.If we want to understand how society works, we need to fill in the missing links betweenindividuals. We need to understand how interconnections and interactions between people give rise to wholly new aspects of human experience that are not present in the individuals themselves. If we do not understand social networks, we cannot hope to fully understand either ourselves or the world we inhabit.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了人际关系和社会网络的重要性。
2020年江苏省高考英语二模试卷解析版
A. achievement
B. appointment
C. commitment
D. employment
2. ---I cannot _____ what I have done to annoy Jessica．
---No worries． She is kind of sensitive．（ ）
B. a square meal
C. a sacred cow
D. the salt of the earth
二、阅读理解（本大题共 15 小题，共 30.0 分）
A
London Zoo Set in the heart of Regents Park， London Zoo provides a great day out with a familyh friendly atmosphere． It has been entertaining visitors of all ages with a collection of over 80，000 animals as well as some fantastic shows and interactive experiences for over 150 years． From the classic penguin feeding time to the insightful talks held in an authentic living rainforest there really is something for everyone to enjoy． There are fun and games in the kid's zone including a range of special exhibits designed to be as informative as they are exciting．Chidlren are free to explore a treetop villate， a secret underground sworld and the "Touch Zone" which provides a safe environment for them to interact with all of their favourite creatures． There is so much to do at London Zoo you may struggle to fit it all into one day! Your ticket includes priority entry access at no extra cost giving you more time to see one of the city's premier attractions．
(江苏专用)2020高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测(二十六)任务型阅读(一) (1)
专题限时检测（二十六）任务型阅读（一）(限时24分钟)A(2019·南通模拟)Life can be overwhelming (令人不知所措的). We want to do as much as we can, see the world, learn new things —and it can all get a bit too much. Sometimes we reach a point when we feel that we can no longer be interested in everything. We have to shut some of life out, and we don't like that. We are living under the false assumption that to know anything worthwhile takes years of study, so we might as well forget it.But something inside us rebels. We still want to learn new things and make new things. They don't have to be big things. Coping with too big a challenge can be daunting (令人怯步的). The secret is to be a “micromaster” by perfecting lots and lots of small things — for a big payoff.A micromastery is a selfcont ained unit of doing, complete in itself, but connected to a greater field. You can perfect that single thing and move on to bigger things. A micromastery is the way we learn as kids. You never absorb all the fundamentals straight away — you learn one cool thing, then another. Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has written about “flow” — a state in which time seems to be suspended because our involvement in what we're doing is so great. A micromastery, because it is repeatable without being repetitious, has all the elements that allow us to enter a flow state，which produces great contentment.As we get older our default setting (默认设置) becomes “off” not “on”. We stop getting interested in new things because we haven't got enough time or energy. This is an excuse but who can blame us when we hear we need 10,000 hours to “master” something. Micromastery slices through all the excuses. You start with something so small and easy that it doesn't impact on your life except positively.We envy the person who has a perfect French accent, who can roll a kayak, or compose a poem that isn't laughable, who can lay a brick wall that doesn't fall down. These are regarded as hard things to learn which mean a greater mastery of the field concerned. But with micromastery y ou start with the test piece and then — and only then —do you go back upstream to learn anything more about the new world.Seeing the world in terms of micromasteries makes anything seem possible. Fancy bookbinding? Yoga? Tap dancing or tank driving? All have their micromasteries. It'svery liberating —you no longer have to feel trapped in your day job. You will start, in a small way, to get your life back from the idea that the world seems to push on us that we should do just one thing all our lives.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种学习方法，从小事做起，然后慢慢积累，一步一步走向成功。
江苏省2020高考英语二轮复习 限时训练专题2 阅读理解30
2020高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练（江苏专用）专题2 阅读理解 30（35分钟）AWhile travelling to Newcastle in the UK to visit relatives, I arrived in London to find my plane transfer north to Newcastle had been cancelled due to deteriorating weather conditions.The airline was helpful -- offering me a choice between a night in a hotel or a six-hour bus fide to my destination. With no indication as to whether a flight to Newcastle would happen in the next two days, I chose the bus ride.I stored all my baggage in the luggage compartment of the bus, thinking I would not need anything on the journey.The young lady sitting beside me could see how tired I was and asked me if anyone would be meeting me on my arrival.I realised that t had left my cell phone in my bag and had no way to contact my relatives. They would be waiting for me at the airport about five hours before the bus got to Newcastle, not knowing what had happened. Without hesitation, the young lady offered me the use of her cell phone.When the bus made a rest stop, she asked me if I was getting out. I replied that I wouldn’t as I still had sandals on, and bare feet weren’t ideal for the cold weather, When she got back on, she’d bought me some tea and a packet of sweets to eat.When we eventually arrived in Newcastle, the woman checked that someone was there to meet me. I asked her to wait a moment while I got my purse to repay her, but whenI looked up she had gore. I was unable to even verbally thank her.1. We learn from the passage that ____________.A. the author had little money to buy the air ticket from London to NewcastleB. the author probably flew to London from a warm placeC. the author’s relatives missed meeting her in LondonD. the author’s cell phone wasn’t functioning in Britain2. Which of the following information is of great importance to the author’s relatives?A. Why the flight was called off.B. Why the flight was delayed.C. Where the author was put up.D. When the author would arrive.3. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. British people always suffer from terrible weather in winter.B. British people are usually helpful.C. The author was kind of careless.D. The author was grateful to the airline.BAccurately forecasting the weather is a very hard thing to do. There are many parts of weather dynamics-the study of how water and air in motion cause weather patterns-to consider. Even the best forecast can be changed by a small weather disturbance halfway around the world. Today’s forecast use complex computer models, weather instruments, and detailed analyses of daily observations to predict the weather. However, it hasn’t always been that way. People, like your grandparents, use folklore and proverbs to help forecast the weather. They remembered what conditions caused changes and observed the factors associated with weather: atmospheric and cloud conditions, temperature, winds, and reactions of plants and animals. Many people believe that this way of forecasting weather is accurate more often than modem forecasting.Grandma’s aching joints might indicat e the arrival of a low-pressure system. She might also observe the geese flying lower than usual, confirming the low-pressure system. Finally, she might feel dampness on her skin, a sign of high humidity (湿度). Based on these three observations, grandma might warn that a storm is brewing.Joints and nerves can indicate dropping air pressure, Dissolved gases in the blood form bubbles under low air pressure. This causes pain in joints and nerve endings. Geese and other birds respond to changes in air pressure by adjusting how high they fly. In the fair, calm weather of a high-pressure system, the birds flyhigher than in the stormy weather associated with a low-pressure system.Nature provides other clues to changing weather. A decrease in air pressure causes deer and elk to come down from the mountains to look for shelter. Some animals feed more than usual. The higher humidity before a storm causes some insects to leave the trees and gather near the ground. Some flowers close so rain doesn’t get inside them. In winter, rhododendron plants curl up to protect themselves as the temperature drops.Several of the sayings apply in particular areas of the world. Here are some of them.■Early thunder, early spring.■Rainbow in the morning 8ives you fair warning.■When teeth and bones and bunions ache, expect the clouds to fill the lake.■When high clouds and tow clouds do not match together, prepare for a blow anda change in the weather.4. It is true that ___________.A. using folklore and proverbs to forecast weather is more accurate than modem forecastingB. complex computer models and weather instruments can always forecast weatheraccuratelyC. modern forecasting cannot always guarantee accurate weather forecasting for some reasonD. modem forecasting along with other observations is sure to give accurate weather forecast5. In a low-pressure system, you may notice the following EXCEPT that ___________.A. some birds will be seen flying near the surface of the earthB. some flowers close so rain doesn’t get insideC. some animals come down from mountainsD. some insects disappear from ground6. It is a fact that the behaviour of plants and animals is _________.A. likely to reflect long-term weather forecastingB. likely to reflect short-term weather forecastingC. unlikely to reflect any kind of weather forecastingD. more likely to reflect both short-term and long. term weather forecasting7. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. People can forecast weather with no modern equipment.B. How to use proverbs to forecast weather forecasting.C. Hard as it is, weather forecasting has a scientific base.D. The importance of weather forecasting.CThe United States has always bee n a country of many cultures. Before Europeans came to North America, many groups of Native Americans lived here. Different Native American groups had different cultures. The first Europeans in the United States were from England and Holland, but immigrants came from all European countries. Many people also immigrated from Asia and Africa. Sadly, many Africans were brought to the United States as slaves. Many immigrants come from Latin America too. Today, the United States has people from more cultures than ever.In the 19th century, people spoke of the United States as a “melting pot.” People thought that all immigrates should forget their native cultures and languages and become English-speaking Americans. They felt that people should assimilate - join American culture. However, not everyone wanted to assimilate completely. Many people tried to keep parts of their cultures, such as foods, customs, and languages. However, their children often forgot their parents’ or grandparents’ language. But most Americans, even those whose families have been here a long time, can tell the countries their relatives came from. And of course, new immigrants take great pride in their curare and language.For all of these reasons, melting pot is no longer a good way to describe the United States. Instead, people now call the United States a “salad bowl.” They say salad bowl because in a salad, you can still see all of the individual parts (lettuce, tomato, and so on), but all the different parts mixed together and begin to take on the flavor of one another.8. Which of the following is the key information the writer wants to tell us in the first paragraph?A. There used to be many groups of Native Americans.B. Englishmen were among the first to settle in America.C. Asians and Africans also immigrated to America.D. USA today is made up of people from across the world.9. The “melting pot” ___________.A. is an accurate way to describe the United StatesB. is a place where people from different cultures should assimilate completelyC. cannot accurately reflect the reality in the United StatesD. cannot be replaced by the “salad bowl”10. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Many immigrates to the United States try to keep some of their culture.B. Immigrates are encouraged to use English wherever they go in the USA.C. Children of early immigrates can speak English as well as their parents’ native language.D. New immigrants want to live in their own culture and language.11. The “salad bowl” reflects the fact that immigrates to the United States ____________.A. help each otherB. assimilate only partiallyC. take great pride in their culture and languageD. remain independentDExpecting good things can make you healthier and might even lengthen your life, says researcher Suzaane Segerstrom, PhD, author of Breaking Murphy’s Law. Segerstrom is coauthor of a recent review of studies on the benefits of a positive attitude---and has experienced them herself. We asked her about optimism’s principles and payoffs.l) Feeling well helps when you’re not well.“When researchers look at people who have similar medical conditions, they can predict who’s likely to live longer: the one who feels his he alth is better. There’s something about that feeling of wellness that’s important, even--maybe especially--if you’re ill. Optimism also seems to help buffer (减缓) you against stress. I’ve been studying first-year law students for 16 years. That’s a very st ressed group, but in my most recent study, each time a student’s optimism increased one point on a five-point scale, his immune (免疫性的) response to an injected virus or yeast improved by 20 percent.”2) Optimism is something you do.“Anxiety and other negat ive emotions are known to be detri-mental to the body, especially to your cardiovascular and immune systems (心血管和免疫系统), and having an optimistic nature seems to protect against those effects.In addition, research shows that people who axe optimistic about their future behave differently. They exercise more, are less likely to smoke, and follow a better diet. And if they get sick, they’re more likely to actively participate in their treatment. I’ve seen that myself--I have back pain from arthritis, but I think my willingness to do whatever it takes has helped a lot.”3) Not happy? Don’t worry.“Happiness is a feeling; optim ism is a belief that aspects of your future will turn out well. Happiness can fluctuate (波动) a lot, but an optimistic disposition (性格) is usually pretty stable. If you’re not optimistic, you can try creating a ‘positive events’ log. Good filings happen to everyone, but pessimists often don’t take notice; spending a fe w minutes every day writing about at least three positive things may help you expect them more often. Or instead of trying to be optimistic, do what optimists do: Work hard to reach your goals. Each accomplishment should make it easier to be hopeful about the next one.”12. The main finding of the study done by 8uzanae Segerstrom is ________.A. people will benefit from their positive attitudes towards lifeB. anyone who feels his health is better lives longerC. people who are optimistic about their future behave differentlyD. happiness usually results in a bright future13. What conclusion did Suzanne Segerstrom draw from her studies on her fast-year law students?A. The better medical care they enjoy, the longer they will live.B. The younger they arc, the stronger they will be.C. The more optimistic they am, the less likely they will get ill.D. The better they feel, the more rapidly they will recover from illness.14. We learn from the passage that optimistic people __________.A. are easy to give up smokingB. are willing to do whatever they are askedC. take an active part in all aspectsD. tend to have a better life style15. What are you advised to do according to the passage?A. Take exercise as much as you can.B. Keep a daily note of positive things.C. Work hard and play hard.D. Make your goals easy to reach. BDBCD BCDCA BACDB。
高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜
（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题（加★的为单词意义猜测题，本卷限时23分钟）A(2017·南京市四校联考)As seniors in co llege looking forward to life’s next goals — graduation and employment — it is important to have a sense of feeling important。
Every time I look through job listings, there is a small, and sometimes not so small current running through my mind， spitting out little charges that are meant to stop me from even applying。
The charges come in the form of words that seem to shout out like “It is not even worth trying！” or “Laugh out loud and look as if you were a qualified man 。
(江苏专用)2020高考英语二轮复习 专题限时检测(二十二)阅读理解C篇专练(三)
专题限时检测(二十二) 阅读理解C篇专练(三)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2020·泰州一模)In 2020, designer Liz Ciokajlo received a task from the Museum of Modern Art (Moma) in New York: revisit the Moon Boot, a fluffylooking snowshoe inspired by the footwear used by the Apollo astronauts.Launched in 1972 at the height of the lunar missions, the Moon Boot is an icon of the 20th Century's “plastic age” and the museum administrators wanted a new take on it.Ciokajlo set out to reimagine it.She knew only a biomaterial would work in a “postplastic age”， but the designer also wanted a new destination to inspire it.Our generation's space travel obsession is not the Moon, she thought, but the red planet — Mars.And Mars allows you to really think outside of the box.The task led her to an amazing biomaterial that had already attracted the attention of engineers innovating in building materials and of top space agencies like NASA and ESA.Her final design, a tall, female, roughlooking boot, can be made on board a spaceship with almost only human sweat and a few fungus spores (真菌孢子), ideal for a sevenmonth trip to Mars with limited checkin luggage.This magic biomaterial is mycelium (菌丝体), the vegetative part of the fungus.It looks like a mass of white thread like structures, each called hyphae.Collectively, these threads are called mycelium and are the largest part of the fungus.Mycelium has amazing properties.It is a great recycler, as it feeds offa substrate to create more material, and has the potential of almost limitless growth in the right conditions.It can endure more pressure than conventional concrete without breaking.It is a known insulator and fireretardant and could even provide radiation protection on space missions.On Earth it's currently used to create ceiling panels, leather, packaging materials and building materials, but in outer space it stands out for its architectural potential, says artist and engineer Maurizio Montalti, who has teamed up with Ciokajlo.For her revisited boot, Ciokajlo wanted to use the human body as the source for some of the building materials and decided to employ sweat.Reusing sweat is not entirely new in space exploration but a novelty approach for footwear.She thinks it might make astronauts feel closer to home during the long journey to Mars.The design is still hypothetical, because the real boot submitted for Moma — and currently in display at the London Design Museum — did use mycelium but not human sweat, as their deadline was too tight, but the science checks out.is a place where you can reimagine how to live on Earth.’ Ciokajlo says.” should be put ________.A．between Para.1 and Para.2B．between Para.2 and Para.3C．between Para.3 and Para.4D．between Para.4 and Para.5解析：选C 推理判断题。
(江苏专用)2020高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解C篇高分练(二)
专题限时检测(二十一) 阅读理解C篇高分练(二)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2019·苏州模拟)One sunny afternoon in the autumn of the year 1861 a soldier lay in a clump of laurel (月桂树) by the side of a road in western Virginia. He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head upon the left forearm.His extended right hand loosely grasped his gun. But for the slight rhythmic movement of his back, he might have been thought to be dead. He was asleep at his post of duty. But if found, he would be dead shortly afterward, death being the just and legal penalty for his crime.The sleeping soldier was a young Virginian named Carter Druse. He was the son of wealthy parents, an only child. His home was but a few miles from where he now lay. One morning he had risen from the breakfast table and said, quietly but gravely, “Father, the Union Army has arrived at Grafton, I am going to join it.”The father lifted his head, looked at the son for a moment in silence, and replied, “Go, Carter, and whatever may occur, do what you consider to be your duty. Virginia, which you betray, must get on without you. Should we both live to the end of the war, we will speak further of the matter. Your mother, as the physician has informed you, is in a most critical condition; at best she cannot be with us longer than a few weeks, but that time is precious. It would be better not to disturb her.”So Carter Druse, bowed to his father and left the home of his childhood. By conscience and courage, he was soon well received by his fellows and his officers; and it was to these qualities and to some knowledge of the country that he owed his selection for his present duty at the extreme post. Nevertheless, he fell asleep, exhausted. What good or bad angel came in a dream to awake him from his state of crime, who shall say? He quietly raised his forehead from his arm and looked between the laurels.His first feeling was a keen artistic delight. On the cliff was a statue of impressive dignity. The figure of the man sat on the horse, straight and soldierly. The face of the rider, turned slightly away; he was looking downward to the bottom of the valley.Broad awake and keenly alive now, Druse cautiously pushed the gun forward through the bushes and covered a vital spot of the horseman's breast. A touch upon the trigger (扳机) and all would have been well with Druse. At that instant the horseman turnedand looked in his direction — seemed to look into his very face, into his eyes, into his brave heart.Druse grew pale; he shook in every limb (肢) and turned faint. His hand fell away from his weapon, his head slowly dropped until his face rested on the leaves in which he lay.The duty of the soldier was plain — the man must be shot dead. But no — there is a hope; he may have discovered nothing — perhaps he is but admiring the beauty of the landscape. Druse turned his head and looked through the deeps of air downward. He saw some foolish commander was permitting the soldiers to water their beasts in the open!Druse withdrew his eyes from the valley and fixed them again upon the group of man and horse in the sky, and again it was through the sights of his gun. But this time his aim was at the horse. In his memory rang the words of his father, “Whatever may occur, do what you consider to be your duty.”He fired.Ten minutes had hardly passed when a Federal officer crept cautiously to him.“Did you fire？” the of ficer whispered.“Yes.”“At what？”“A horse. It was standing on the rock, pretty far out. You see it is no longer there. It went over the cliff.”The man's face was white, but he showed no other sign of emotion. Having answered, he turned away his eyes and said no more. The officer did not understand.“See here, Druse，” he said, after a moment's silence, “it's no use making a mystery. I order you to report. Was there anybody on the horse？”“Yes.”“Well？”“My father.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。
高考英语二轮专题能力提升限时训练 单项填空(定语从句)+阅读理解(含解析)
高考英语二轮专题能力提升限时训练单项填空（定语从句）+阅读理解（含解析）单项填空(定语从句)+阅读理解(限时25分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空(对应学生用书第105页)1.You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, is always busy at the weekend.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which2.A woman with a bleeding hand hurried in and aske d,“Is there a hospital aroundI can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what3.Today,we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of learning English fail to use the language properly.A.whichB.asC.whyD.where4.The CEO always tries his best to create an atmosphere his employees can express their opinions freely.(2012合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)A.for whichB.whichC.whereD.of which5.The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which6. I explained on the phone,your request will be considered at the next meeting.A.WhenB.AfterC.AsD.Which7.The professor built a glass wall he could observe what was going on inside.A.in whichB.whereC.from whichD.through which8.For many cities in the world,there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example.A.for whichB.in whichC.of whichD.from which9.A good advertisement often uses words people attach positive meanings.(2012合肥高三第一次教学质量检测)A.thatB.whichC.with whichD.to which10.I often look back on my university days, I regard as the happiest of my life.(2012山东威海一模)A.whichB.thatC.whenD.what11.Has the re been an occasion learning from the past allowed you to do something more happily?(2012合肥四校高三4月质量检测)A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when12.—Is that the small town you refer to?—Right,just the one you know I used to work for years.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.where13.The way he explained to us was quite simple.A.whoB.whichC.in whichD.where14.Most of the young generation are the only child in their families is the apple of their parents’eye.(2012七校高三第二次大联考)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where15.The CCTV program,People Who Moved China,honors those contributions should be remembered.A.whoseB.whichC.theirD.who答案及剖析:1.D 把从句补充完整:the shopping centre is always busy at the weekend,由此可以看出引导词在从句中作主语,先行词是the shopping centre,又因为此句是非限制性定语从句,所以用which。
2020江苏高考英语二轮培优新方案：专题限时检测(二十二) 阅读理解C篇高分练(三)+Word版含解析
专题限时检测(二十二)阅读理解C篇高分练(三)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2019·南通七市模拟)Australian magpies can understand what other birds are saying to each other, a new study has found.The research, published in the journal Animal Beha v iour, says the magpie has learned the meanings of different noisy miner calls and essentially eavesdrops (偷听) to find out which predators (食肉动物) are near.Noisy miners — a small, native honeyeater — have different warning calls for ground-based and aerial (飞行的) predators. By playing both kinds of recording to a series of wild magpies, researchers observed the magpies raising their beaks (喙) to the sky, or dropping their heads to the ground.Researchers attracted the magpies with cheese, then played the noisy miner calls, videotaping the results.As a control, they also rolled a large orange ball towards the magpies to see how they ordinarily tilted (倾斜) their beaks to ground threats, and threw the ball to see how they reacted to aerial threats.The researchers recorded an average maximum beak angle of 29 degrees for the thrown ball, and an average maximum of nine degrees when it was rolled.The miners' aerial warning caused an average maximum beak angle of 31 degrees, and the ground warning caused an average maximum of 24.One of the study's authors, Dominique Potvin, said the magpies showed an astonishing level of insight.Magpies and miners broadly face the same types of predators and the two frequently live in the same ecosystem.Potvin said this had encouraged the magpies' learned behaviour.“Magpies are g enerally found on the ground and noisy miners are generally found up in trees. It pays for the magpie to pay attention to somebody who has a better view of predators than they do.”She said it was unclear whether other birds could do the same, but it was highly likely other magpies around Australia already did.“Magpies are a pretty smart group. We're not sure if they're learning this from other magpies or if they're figuring it out on their own, but the ability is there.”As part of the experiment, researchers also played a third call: a common, non-warning call from a crimson rosella. They found the magpies did not respond.Potvin said that we had been actively exploring animal cognition (认知) research.“It's a good piece of the puzzle，” Potvin said.“Looking at the social relationships between species that live incommunities.”语篇解读：一项研究发现，澳大利亚喜鹊能理解其他鸟类的交谈。
(江苏专用)2020高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测(二十七)任务型阅读(二)
专题限时检测(二十七) 任务型阅读(二)(限时24分钟)A(2019·泰州模拟)Who's Really Addicting You To Technology?“Nearly everyone I know is addicted in some measure to the Internet”， wrote Tony Schwartz in The New York Times. It's a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuses the Net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distraction.There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the Net has difficulty disconnecting.Then who's at fault for its overuse? To find solutions, it's important to understand what we're dealing with. There are four parties cooperating to keep you connected: the tech, your boss, your friends and you.The technologies themselves and their makers are the easiest suspects to blame for our distraction. Online services like Facebook, Google, twitter and the like rely on advertising revenue, so the more frequently you use them, the more money they make. No wonder these companies employ teams of people focused on improving their services to be as attractive as possible.Good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them from coming too close. However, less than 15 percent of smartphone users are willing to adjust their notification settings —meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to (默认) the app makers' every preset devices.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. Take email, for example. We check email at all hours of the day — we're obsessed, because that's what the boss wants. For almost all whitecollar jobs, email is the primary tool of corporate communication.A slow response to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.Your friends are also responsible for the addiction. Think about this familiar scene. People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others' company. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what. Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is more than an impolitebehavior because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious (传染). Once one person looks at their phone, other people tend to do the same, starting a chain reaction.The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing) these gadgets. But there's still someone who deserves careful examination — the person holding the phone.When people are doing something difficult they'd rather not do, the phone is used to transport them elsewhere. They can easily escape discomfort temporarily, by answering email or browsing the web under the excuse of socalled“research”. The truth is that we are working unproductively out of our bad habits.Personal technology is indeed more attractive than ever, which doesn't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology, instead, we should come to terms with the fact that it's more than the technology that's responsible for our habits. Our workplace culture, social norms and individual behaviors all play a part.度分析了其中的原因。
2020江苏高考英语二轮培优新方案：专题限时检测(二十) 阅读理解C篇高分练(一)+Word版含解析
专题限时检测(二十)阅读理解C篇高分练(一)(共3篇，限时24分钟)AScientists have found what they believe are pieces of a meteor (流星) that fell to Earth earlier this year. The objects were discovered off the coast of the United States in the Pacific Ocean, near the northwestern state of Washington.The crew of the Nautilus recovered the rock particles (颗粒). The group said its aim is to examine areas of the ocean that have never been explored before. The search was launched after U．S. government weather stations observed a large meteorite exploding four months ago. The explosion lit up the sky and sent the rock particles falling to Earth, which landed in the Pacific.Marc Fries is with the U．S. space agency, NASA, and he said the meteorite fall was the largest recorded over the United States in at least 20 years. Fries is part of the latest exploration team searching for meteorites. He said he could not be happier with the discovery, The Seattle Times reported. “This has been the experience of a lifetime，”he added.The scientists examined what they believe were two small meteorite pieces. Further testing is needed before they can confirm that the material came from the explosion in March.The Nautilus is equipped with two remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs), called Hercules and Argus. These robotic submarines (潜艇) help researchers find and collect materials from the seafloor. The Hercules ROV was launched from the Nautilus ship into the Pacific Ocean in the search for meteorite pieces in the ocean.Fries said information about the explosion led scientists to think that the explosion was unusually strong. The fact that the particles landed in the ocean, instead of on land, means larger pieces may have survived and can be studied. For this reason, Fries told the Live Science website, scientists decided to launch the “first intentional search for meteorites from the ocean” . Until the latest research, scientists had only accidentally discovered a small number of meteorites from drilling operations.“The meteorite pieces are small, melted pieces of rock，”Fries told Li v e Science. He thought the objects recovered from the bottom of the sea likely came from the recent explosion for two reasons. Firstly, meteorite particles are “basically made of glassy materials that do not tend to last long in seawate r”，he told the website. Secondly, Fries said, they came from what looked like a small hole on the seafloor. “It's some evidence that they came from something that fell.”The first Nautilus meteorite ocean mission was to expl-ore and search within a one-square-kilometer area. The exploration team expressed high hopes for future searches. “If successful, this will be the first known recovery of a meteorite from the ocean，”the group reported on its website.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。
2020届高考英语江苏版二轮习题：第三篇 考前20天 阅读理解C专练5篇
阅读理解C专练5篇Passage 1(2017江苏,C)A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨头)that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants’ success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free(users pay,in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services:translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companie s. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a“God’s eye view”of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves:in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms’ data assets(资产)when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it. Governments could order the sharing of certain ki nds of data, with users’ consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments don’t want a data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the data market.B.They collect enormous private data.C.They no longer provide free services.D.They dismissed some new-born giants.2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants’ technology is very expensive.B.Google’s idea is popular among data firms.C.Data can strengthen giants’ controlling position.D.Data can be turned into new services or products.3.By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices4.What is the purpose of loosening the giants’ control of data?A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.ernments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文,属于社科类文章。
2020年江苏省高考英语二轮专用题型组合练(2)含解析
题型组合练(二)(对应学生用书第171页)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(社会生活)If you are interested in the news，it means you care about what is happening in your community and the world.But sometimes news can be upsetting.If you find out about sad news and it makes you feel worried or upset，what should you do? Dr.Harold Koplewicz，President of the Child Mind Institute，has some suggestions.Sometimes，the news you watch on TV is not completely accurate.The news on TV is fast-paced.When bad news affects our nation，all of us need time to understand and process it.Your parents and your teachers can be your first sources to get information.Even someone who is as strong and powerful as President Barack Obama weeps when he's very sad.It's part of being a human that sad events make us feel sad.That doesn't mean that we need to fall_apart．It means that we just have to admit that we're sad and move forward.People respond in different ways when facing sad news.There are certain kids who are very private and don't want anyone to see how they feel.But if you feel worried，talk to your parents and teachers，which can help you feel more comfortable.If you still feel very nervous，another way to feel better is to take part in activities that are helpful to others.Go with your parents to the children's welfare institutions，or think of ways that you or your class can help others.On the other hand，remember to go to sleep at the right time，play with your friends or go to the movies.It is okay to feel sad，but it's not good to stop doing the things you usually do.【语篇解读】新闻对孩子会产生影响。
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专题限时检测(二十一) 阅读理解C篇专练(二)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2019·南京、盐城二模)Listen carefully to the footsteps in the family home, especially if it has wooden floors, and you can probably work out who it is that is walking about.The features most commonly used to identify people are faces, voices, finger prints and retinal scans.But their “behavioural biometrics”， such as the way they walk, are also giveaways.Researchers have, for several years, used video cameras and computers to analyse people's gaits, and are now quite good at it.But translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can be tricky — especially if that system is supposed to be hidden.Cameras are often visible, are hard to set up, require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people.So a team led by Krikor Ozanyan of the University of Manchester, in England and Patricia Scully of the National University of Ireland, in Galway have been looking for a better way to recognise gait.Their answer: pressuresensitive mats.In themselves, such mats are nothing new.They have been part of security systems for donkeys' years.But Dr Ozanyan and Dr Scully use a complex version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it.These measurements form a pattern unique to the walker.Dr Ozanyan and Dr Scully therefore turned, as is now common for anything to do with pattern recognition, to an Artificial Intelligence system that uses machine learning to recognise such patterns.It seems to work.In a study published earlier this year the two researchers tested their system on a database of footsteps trodden by 127 different people.They found that its error rate in identifying who was who was a mere 0.7%.And Dr Scully says that even without a database of footsteps to work with the system can determine someone's sex —women and men, with wide and narrow pelvises (骨盆) respectively, walk in different ways — and guess, with reasonable accuracy, a subject's age.A matbased gaitrecognition system has the advantage that it would work in any lighting conditions — even pitchdarkness.And though it might fail to identify someone if, say, she was wearing stilettos and had been entered into the database while wearing trainers, it would be very hard to fool it by imitating the gait of an individual who was allowed admission to a particular place.The latest phase of Dr Ozanyan's and Dr Scully's project is a redesign of the mat.The old mats contained individual pressure sensors.The new ones contain optical fibres(光纤)．Lightemitting diodes (二极管) distributed along two neighbouring edges of a mat transmit light into the fibres.Sensors on the opposite edges (and thus the opposite ends of the optical fibres) measure how much of that light is received.Any pressure applied to part of the mat causes a distortion (变形) in the fibres and a consequent change in the amount of light transmitted.Both the location and amount of change can be plotted and analyzed by the machinelearning system.Dr.Ozanyan says that the team have built a demonstration fibreoptic mat, two meters long and a metre wide, using materials that cost ￡100(＄130)．They are now talking to companies about commercializing it.One application might be in health care, particularly for the elderly.A fibreoptic mat installed in a nursing home or an old person's own residence could monitor changes in an individual's gait that warn certain illnesses.That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over, say, or of their cognition becoming damaged.Gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace, monitoring access to restricted areas, such as parts of military bases, server farms or laboratories dealing with harmful materials.In these cases, employees would need to agree to their gaits being scanned, just as they would agree to the scanning of their faces or retinas for optical security systems.Perhaps the most fascinating use of gaitrecognition mats, though, would be in public places, such as airports.For that to work, the footsteps of those to be recognised would need to have been stored in a database, which would be harder to arrange than the collection of mugshots and fingerprints that existing airport security systems rely on.Some people, however, might volunteer for it.Many aircrew or preregistered frequent flyers would welcome anything that speeded up one of the most tiresome parts of modern travel.a．it's not easy to find the camerasb．finger print recognition is still popularc．sometimes the cameras can be coveredd．it's a waste of money to fix the equipmente．good lighting conditions can't be guaranteed。