英语语法之形容词副词
英语语法之形容词和副词
形容词和副词一、形容词和副词的作用1.形容词(adj.)修饰名词形容词(adj.)修饰名词时,有两种位置:1紧挨着被修饰的名词,做定语。
例:This is a wonderful world.(形容词wonderful修饰名词world)We are now living in a beautiful new house.(形容词beautiful和new修饰名词house)2置于系动词之后,做表语。
例:Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable.(形容词warm和comfortable修饰名词sleeping bags)2.副词(adv.)修饰动词、句子、其他的形容词或副词例:Roy acted quickly.(副词quickly修饰动词act)Suddenly,one of the children kicked a ball.(副词suddenly修饰整个句子)It rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.(1.副词continually修饰动词rain;2.副词bitterly修饰形容词cold)The students from elite universities catch up very quickly.(1.副词quickly修饰动词catch up;2.副词very修饰另一个副词quickly)备注:一般情况下,形容词后加“ly”,就变成对应的副词。
例如:happy-happi ly、angry-angri ly、rude-rude ly。
例:生气的男孩生气地喊。
→The angry boy shouted angrily.二、形容词和副词的比较级形容词和副词的比较级分为:1)最高级(最...)2)比较级(更...)3)原级比较(一样...)1.形容词/副词的最高级:the+adj./adv.的最高级(+介词短语,表示比较的范围)“(...范围内)最...”,通常用于三者或以上的比较例:My younger sister is the tallest one in her class.(最高级变化形式:adj./adv.+est)The most serious problem of the project is the lack of power.(最高级变化形式:adj./adv.前加the most)注意:the+adj./adv.的最高级(+in+地点、场所)the+adj./adv.的最高级(+of+比较的对象)例:He is the tallest in our class.He is the tallest of all the students.练习:1)Which is the longest river____the world?2)This is the finest picture____them all.3)This stereo is the most expensive____all the ones in the shop.4)He is the best boxer____our town.答案:in;of;of;in2.形容词/副词的比较级:adj./adv.的比较级(+than+比较的对象)“(和...相比)更...”通常用于两者之间的比较例:I am taller than you.(比较级变化形式:adj./adv.+er)Air tickets are more expensive than train tickets.(比较级变化形式:adj./adv.前加more)Sometimes machines can perform better than human beings.(good比较级的不规则变化:better)注意:比较的对象要一致。
英语语法:形容词、副词
三.形容词、副词A.形容词:大部分既可做表语,也可做定语。
1.只做表语的形容词(afraid, alive, ahead, alone, alike, asleep. Awake, aware, ashamed. Akin, well, content, sorry, glad, lit, proof, etc.) eg.: The children were asleep at 7, but now they are awake.2.只做定语的形容词(outer, golden, former, latter, little, daily, weekly, right, inner, spare, live, elder, etc.) eg.: In former times people lit their homes by gas, not electricity. The latter is considered safer.3.名词化的形容词:“the + adj.”表示一类人或事,无复数形式,指人时表示复数,指物或抽象概念,表示整体,当第三人称单数对待。
eg.The homeless have no money to buy what they need. The good in him outweighs the bad.4.形容词的位置:一般在名词前,不定代词后,但a-开头的形容词必须后置(替代定语从句),形容词短语后置,-able/ -ible结尾的形容词前后均可(有最高级或only修饰时后置)。
eg.This is a very important meeting.Anyone intelligent can understand it. That is the greatest difficulty imaginable.He was the only person (that was) awake when the earthquake happened.I doubt whether we can complete our contract in the time available (=in the available time).A man (who is) so difficult to please must be hard to work with.5.前置与后置意思不同的形容词:concerned: 1) The doctor concerned is on holiday. 2) The concerned doctor rang for an ambulance.proper: 1) This is a proper question. 2) The question proper has not been answered.present: 1) the present member 2) the member presentresponsible: 1) the responsible man 2) the man responsible6.多个形容词的排列顺序:限定词→一般描绘性→表大小、形状→表年龄、新旧→表色彩→表国籍、地区、出处→表物质材料→表用途、类别→名词eg.:a few new major urban highways a pair of beautiful little Russian riding boots7.区分下列易混淆的形容词:alone/ lonely/ lone alive/ living/ live clean/ clearconsiderate/ considerable continual/ continuous comical/ comicdesirable/ desirous dead/ deadly/ deathly distinct/ distinctiveeconomical/ economic electronic/ electric/ electrical efficient/ effectivehard/ hardly/ hardy healthful/ healthy historical/ historichonorary/ honorable imaginary/ imaginable/ imaginative immortal/ immoralindustrial/ industrious intelligent/ intelligible intensive/ intensivelike/ alike/ likely popular/ populous practical/ practicable respectable/ respectful/ respective sensitive/ sensible successful/ successive uninterested/ disinterested valueless/ worthless/ valuable/ invaluable/ pricelessB.副词:可修饰动词、形容词和副词,以及介词短语和句子,作状语。
英语语法之形容词副词讲解
形容词和副词一、形容词1)、⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。
如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)⑴作表语时放在连系动词之后。
如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)⑴作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。
如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)⑷后置的情况:⑴修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如:Something important 一些重要的事情⑴与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。
如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。
)二、副词(1)作状语1.时间副词:一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。
如:We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城) /2.地点副词:一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。
如:There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).3.方式副词:一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。
如:Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快) / Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)4.程度副词:修饰动词时,放在动词之前;修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。
但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面;only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。
【高中英语语法】形容词副词
句型 4 as much/many…as…(如……那样 多的) I haven't got as much money as you asked. (我没有凑到你所要求的那么多的钱。) She has invited as many guests as the dining hall can hold. (她按餐厅容量邀请了客人。)
二、比较用法
(1)原级比较
句型 1. as + adj.+as……(如……那样……) 例:He is as tall as I (am tall). 例:This is as good as that(is good).
解说 本句式是表达肯定的原级比较,也叫作 同等比较,并可改用下列方式表达。 He is as tall as I (am tall). He and I are of the same height. This is as good as that(is good). (quality)
II.前位修饰法与后位修饰法 定义 把修饰用的形容词置于其所修饰的名词之前, 称为前位修饰法(Premodification),反之若把 修饰用的形容词置于其所修饰的名词之后称为后 位修饰法(Post-modification) 一个年轻的漂亮女人 A beautiful young lady A lady both beautiful and young
不过这些限定词若是遇到“all,both,many, such,double,what”等时须移在其后(其 中有的是固定的句式)。 例:We must solve all these problems. (我们必须解决所有这些问题)。 例:Both my parents are away sightseeing in Europe now. (现在我的父母亲都到欧洲去观光旅行不在 家。)
高中英语语法-形容词和副词
(2) too(that, this, as, so, how, however)+形容词 +a/an+名词 I‟ve never seen that big an apple. This is too difficult a question. 副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放 在名词前后都可: If I had a long enough holiday I„d visit Europe. There is enough food for everyone to eat. = There is food enough for everyone to eat.
(4) too much与much too: too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量; much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词: I am full because I have had too much rice. That coat is much too dear. (5) lonely与alone: lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或 表语; alone “独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的 alone可作状语): He lives alone but he doesn‟t feel lonely.
形容词和副词
形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
形容词
性质形容词
叙述形容词
直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它 有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、 表语和补语。例如:hot。 Today is very hot. It‟s a hot day. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类 形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数 以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。如,afraid 错: He is an ill man. 对:The man is ill. 错: She is an afraid girl. 对:The girl is afraid. 这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faisleep,awake
高中英语语法-形容词和副词
quick、fast与soon: quick往往指反应速度快, fast往往指运动速度快, soon则表示时间上很快即将发生: After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school. A train is much faster than a bus. His father will be back to China very soon.
Tony is going camping with ______ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案:C. 由\“限定词--数词--描绘
One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 年龄+国家+材料。
(3) tall与high: Tall 指身高的高度,用于人和动物, 反义词为 short He is very short/tall. High 指物体的高度,另可形容价格,质量等, 反义词为low The kite is flying very high. Tall和high都可用来指tree, building, tower等, 但mountain只能用high形容。
1.Chinese, glass, a, beautiful, table a beautiful Chinese glass table 2.wonderful, my, garden, new, large my wonderful large new garden 3. a, round, table, small a small round table 4. a, old, dirty, brown shirt a dirty old brown shirt
高中英语语法—形容词、副词
2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old
答案点拨:A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄, 形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。
注意:very不能修饰比较级。More可构成 比较级,但不能修饰比较级
4、… is the +比较级 + of the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、…数量 + 比较级 than … He is three years older than his brother. 6、比较级+ and + 比较级, “越来越…” Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热 7、The + 比较级…,the + 比较级… “越…,就 越 …” The more , the better. 越多越好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多,你就越容易变胖
1. He made us happy. 2.You must keep the classroom clean. 你应保持教室清洁。
形容词的构成
1、+ful
forget—forgetful wonder—wonderful care—careful thank-thankful help—helpful use—useful beauty—beautiful colour ----colourful
初中英语语法之形容词副词
形容词和副词一、形容词wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。
如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。
如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)⑷后置的情况:①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。
如:He‘s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。
)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里) 2) 、多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序:1.时间副词:一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。
如:We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城) / They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次) / Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)2.地点副词:一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。
如:There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动) / The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)/ He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)3.方式副词:一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。
高中英语语法之形容词和副词
高中英语语法之形容词和副词
【考点直击】
1. 形容词的用法;
2. 副词的用法;
3. 形容词和副词原级、比拟级、最高级的用法;
4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。
【名师点睛】
1. 形容词的用法
(1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。
例如:
Our country is a beautiful country. (作定语)
The fish went bad. (作表语)
We keep our classroom clean and tidy. (作宾语补足语)
(2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything 等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。
I have something important to tell you.
Is there anything interesting in the film.
(3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。
起进一步解释的作用。
Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting.
You can take any box away, big or small.
(4) the+形容词表示一类人或物
The rich should help the poor.。
高中英语语法-形容词副词
形容词及副词一、形容词1.(1)作定语It’sabeautiful day today.注意:形容词修饰something,anything,nothing等复合不定代词时要后置。
Ihave something importanttotell you.以a-开头的表状态的形容词(afraid, alone,awake, asleep, alive,alike,ashamed,unable, worth)要后置。
Hewas the only man awake at that time.2).作表语Don’tfeel sad. Tastinggood, thiskind ofcake sellswell.3).作宾补We mustkeep our classroomclean.4).作状语The boy went to school, coldand hungry.2.以ly结尾的形容词friendlylovely livelysilly fatherlymotherlyweekly daily monthlyyearly deadlylonely manly timelylikely 3表倍数的几种句式1)……倍数+as+形容词原级+as…..2)……倍数+比较级+than…………3)……倍数+the+名词(size/length/ width / height/depth)+of…4) The+名词+be+ ….倍数+ what从句5) The +名词+ be +….倍数+ that/those of….Asia is fourtimes as largeasEurope.= Asiais four times largerthanEurope.= Asia is four timesthe size ofEurope.Theoutput of thisyear is 3times that of2008.The outputof this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.4 形容词+ly变副词的规则1)一般情况加-ly.quick---quickly brave---bravely imme diate---immediately2) 以“y”结尾的,且读音为/i /,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”,如:happy-happily;heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily easy---easily 但是如果读音为/ ai /,直接加ly,如:dry-dryly;shy---shyly3) 以le结尾,去e 加y:simple---simply gentle---gently comfortabl e---comfortablypossible ---possibly probable---probably terrible---terribly considerable-considerablyincredible-incredibly但是whole-wholly例外。
小学英语语法之形容词和副词
小学英语语法之形容词和副词学校英语语法之形容词和副词形容词[adjective 简称adj.或a.] 许多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。
形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质, 状态,和特征。
副词[adverb简写adv] 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
1) 时间和频度副词:no,then,often,alays,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday.2) 地点副词:here, there, everyhere, anyhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, belo, don, back, forard, home, upstairs, donstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, aay, on.3) 方式副词:carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, ell, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, armly4) 程度副词:much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly.5) 疑问副词:ho, hen, here, hy.6) 关系副词:hen, here, hy.7) 连接副词:therefore,moreover,hoever,otherise,then.。
英语语法:形容词和副词
英语语法:形容词和副词•4. 形容词和副词4.1 形容词及其用法形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot 热的。
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid 害怕的。
(错) He is an ill man.(对) The man is ill.(错) She is an afraid girl.(对) The girl is afraid.这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。
但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice4.1 形容词及其用法形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot 热的。
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid 害怕的。
(错) He is an ill man.(对) The man is ill.(错) She is an afraid girl.(对) The girl is afraid.这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
中考英语语法讲解之形容词和副词
形容词和副词1、形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。
1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。
2、形容词在句子中的位置:⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。
如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。
如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。
如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)⑷后置的情况:①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。
如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。
)The moonis about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)3、有关形容词的用法辨析:⑴whole与all:记住两个词序:①the whole + 名词;②all (of) the + 名词。
如:He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)⑵tall与high, short与low:指人的个子时用tall与short;指其他事物时一般用high与low。
如:He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)⑶real与true:real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。
小学英语语法副词形容词
一、形容词、副词的词形区别形容词=名词+y / ly / ous / ive / fulEg:wind+y=windy;love+ly=lovely;danger+ous=dangerous;expense+ive=expensive;care+ful=careful副词=形容词+lyEg:careful+ly=carefully二、形容词、副词用法区别记忆口诀:形名动副系形副形1、形名——形容词修饰名词Eg:a young girl2、动副——副词修饰动词Eg:run quickly3、系形——系动词后面跟形容词Eg:is lovely4、副形:副词修饰形容词Eg:very good三、形容词如何的排序?有一个房间,有很多的修饰限定词,如何给它们排序?按照如下顺序:美丑-大小-形状-新旧-颜色-国籍-材质-用途记忆口诀:美小圆旧黄,法国木书房A beautiful small round old yellow French wooden study room四、形副同形词有哪些?1、Well形容词性意思:身体好的副词性意思:好地2、Fast形容词性意思:快的副词性意思:快地3、Early形容词性意思:早的副词性意思:早早地4、Hard形容词性意思:难的,硬的副词性意思:勤奋地衍生词:Hardly 几乎不5、Late形容词性意思:晚的副词性意思:晚地衍生词:Lately 最近6、Near形容词性意思:近的副词性意思:近地衍生词:Nearly 几乎7、High形容词性意思:高的副词性意思:高地衍生词:Highly 高度地五、比较级和最高级词的比较级和最高级变化规则。
英语语法之形容词副词
英语语法之形容词、副词一、定义:形容词是用来修饰和形容名词,说明人与事物性质和特征的词。
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
二、比较级和最高级的构成方法:1.单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化:2. 其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/mostbeautiful—more beautiful—(the) most beautiful3. 由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词,都是在该词前加-more/most.quickly—more quickly—(the) most quicklydifficultly—more difficultly—(the) most difficultly4. 不规则变化:不规则变化记忆口诀:特殊形式比较级,共有三对二合一。
病坏两多并两好,little意少不是小。
一分为二也三个,距离老远常迟到。
三、形容词比较级和最高级的用法:1. 原级的用法:用于两者之间对比,意思为“……和……相同”A+v.+as….+形容词原级+as BTom is as honest as Jack.2.比较级的用法:①A+形容词比较级+than+ BBeijing is more beautiful than Tianjin.形容词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little,far, a lot, a bit, much more来修饰,very, so, too, quite 不能修饰比较级。
②数字+形容词比较级+thanI’m two years older than you.She is a head taller than me.③比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.China becomes more and more stronger.④the +比较级,the +比较级结构,表示“越……就越……”The more I study it, the more I like it.⑤which/who +is +比较级Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin?Who is happier, you or me?3. 最高级用法:用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the,后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。
英语语法之形容词和副词
4.形容词和副词4.1 形容词及其用法形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot 热的。
2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid 害怕的。
(错)He is an ill man.(对)The man is ill.(错)She is an afraid girl.(对)The girl is afraid.这类词还有:well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。
但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice4.2 以-ly结尾的形容词1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。
但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
改错:(错)She sang lovely.(错)He spoke to me very friendly.(对)Her singing was lovely.(对)He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
英语语法之形容词 副词
练一练
• 4) Whose bag is _______ ( heavy ), yours or mine? 5) Does Jim run as slow _______(slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike slower ( slow ) than them. runs_______ • 6) You have seven books, but I more ( many ) than you. I have _______ have ten.
词汇
• • • • • • Chinese math English computer 语文 数学 英语 电脑 music art painting P.E. science 音乐 美术 绘画 体育 科学 moral education social studies 思想品德课 社会课
三种形式
• 1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征, 副词表示某一动作的特征。 • 形容词和副词有三种形式:原形、比 较级、最高级。 • 比较级:后+er 或 前+more 如 taller, more careful • 最高级:the …+est 或 the most … 如 the tallest, the most careful
heavier
练一练
farther ( far ) than • 7) I jump _______ some of the boys in my class. thin ( thin ), but 8) I’m very____ she’s thinner _____ ( thin ) than me. warmer warmer ( 9) It gets ______and______ warm ) when spring comes here.
英语语法之形容词副词
英语语法之形容词副词英语语法之形容词副词形容词,副词的比较级:表示“比…更…”(-er)(一):一般直接在单音节和少数双音节形容词,副词尾+;tallLong(二):以e结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词,副词词尾直接+_______;nice______wide_______(三):“以_____+______结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词,副词先___变____,再加____。
busy______early______easy________busy_______(四):以______音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅)的单音节和少数双音节的形词,副词,要_____最后一个辅音,再+______。
big_____hot_____red____thin_____(五):多音节和部分双音节的形同此,副词,一般在此类词前面+__________构成最高级形式。
interesting_________relaxing___________exciting__________carefully_ __________注意:(1)比较级的句子中最常见的一个词than比。
(2)比较级常用于两者的'比较。
形容词,副词的最高级:表示“最……”(-est)(一):一般直接在单音节和少数双音节形容词,副词尾+;tallLongOldLow(二):以e结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词,副词词尾直接+___________;nice______wide_______large_______fine______(三):“以_____+______结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词,副词先___变____,再加____。
busy______early______easy________busy_______(四):以______音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅)的单音节和少数双音节的形容词,副词,要_____最后一个辅音,再+______。
英语语法——形容词与副词
英语语法——形容词与副词形容词1.1 什么是形容词形容词(adjective)是修饰名词表示名词属性的词,常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如:a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画modern history现代历史1.2 形容词的用法形容词在句中可用作:1)定语He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。
The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。
2)表语The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人,而且富有教育意义。
I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。
3)宾语补足语和宾语一起构成复合宾语。
如:Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗?We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。
4)相当于名词某些形容词前用定冠词the,变成名词化的形容词,可在句中作主语、宾语等。
如:The young are active.青年人积极好动。
(the young作主语)The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。
(the blind作主语)He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。
(the new作宾语)[注一]上述三例中的the young = the young people,the blind the Blind people,the new the new things.[注二]在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don't marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
英语语法之形容词、副词1、形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。
1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。
2、形容词在句子中的位置:⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。
如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。
如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。
如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)⑷后置的情况:①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。
如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。
)Themoon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)3、有关形容词的用法辨析:⑴whole与all:记住两个词序:①the whole + 名词;②all (of) the + 名词。
如:He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)⑵tall与high, short与low:指人的个子时用tall与short;指其他事物时一般用high与low。
如:He’s verytall/short.(他个子高/矮) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)⑶real与true:real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。
如:Thisis a real diamond(钻石) and it’s very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵) / --Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗?是的,我亲耳所听)⑷interested与interesting的区别:interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语。
如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受) / I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣)⑸such用法:such + a(n) + 名词(单数)(+that从句)。
如:I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的) boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记)⑹good与well:表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well;表示“(身体)好”时用well.如:Doing sportsis good for us.(进行运动对我们有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上) / --How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗?我很好。
)⑺nice与fine:的区别:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等;fine一般指身体或天气好。
如:Let’s goand share(分享) the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天气!)/He’s fine recently(最近).(近来他身体不错)⑻too much与much too:too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量;much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词。
如:I am full because I have had too much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) / That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了)⑼quick、fast与soon:quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生。
如:After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家) / A train is much faster than a bus.(火车比公共汽车快得多) / His father will be back to China very soon.(他父亲很快就要返回中国)⑽lonely与alone:lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是:“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语;alone的意思是:“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。
如:He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)/ He is a lonely person. Y ou can not easily get on well with him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易)⑾other与else的区别:两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前;else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否则”,是连词。
如:The other students are on the playground.(其他学生在操场上) / Who else can work out this maths problem?(还有谁能解出着道数学题?) / This is nobody else’s money. It’s mine.(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的。
) / Do you have anything else to say for yourself?(你还有什么要为自己说的吗?⑿special与especial的区别:表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但special较为常用。
另外,special 还可以表示特别的目的。
如:She pays (e)special attention to clothes.(她非常注重着装) / These are special chairs for small children.(这些是专门给小孩子的椅子)⒀gone、lost、missing的区别:gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语;lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补;missing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。
如:My fever(高烧) is gone, but I still have a cough.(发烧消退了,但我仍然咳嗽) / The parents found the lost child at last.(家长终于找到了迷路的孩子) / My dictionary is missing.Who’s taken it away?(我的字典不见了,谁拿走了?) / For more detailed information(详情) of the missing girls, please visit our website(网址).(如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情,请访问我们的网站)⒁living、alive、live、lively的区别:四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”。
living读[…livi N]有三个意思:①“活着的、现存的”,作表语或定语,②“一模一样的、逼真的”,③相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”;live读[laiv],指东西“活的”,可以替换为living;alive读[[…laiv]作表语,指人“活着的”,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面;lively读[…laivli]有三个意思:①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②(色彩)鲜艳的,③生动的、真实的。
例如:A living language should be learned orally(口头上).(活的语言应该从口头上学)(被动句) / We have a living hope that you will succeed.(我们强烈地希望你能成功)/ Is she still alive?(她还活着吗?)/ They are the happiest children alive.(他们是活着的最开心的孩子)/ This is a live fish.(这是条活鱼) / A live wire(电线) is dangerous.(有电的电线是危险的)/ She is as lively as a kitten(小猫).(她像小猫一样可爱)/ He gave a lively description of the football match.(他生动地描述了那场足球赛)⒂sick与ill区别:sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。
如:He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱) / V ets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.(兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱)⒃the poor(穷人们) / the rich(富人们)等用法:“the+形容词”这一结构可以表示一类人物,复数含义。