商英1
最新国家开放大学商务英语1形成性考核册参考资料全
最新国家开放大学《商务英语〔1〕》形成性考核册参考资料《商务英语〔1〕》是国家开放大学2017年春季新开的课程之一,对国家开放大学的财经专业学生进行统一考试。
该资料对学生完成学习任务起着一定的辅助作用。
本文库还有国家开放大学其他课程的参考资料,可以参考。
作业1一、交际用语〔共计10分,每小题2分〕1-5题：阅读下面的小对话,选择恰当的答语。
1. - Could you give me an example of good team working there?-.A.Sorry. I can see from yourresumeB. Sure. I was the treasurer of the Students’UnionC. Not at all. I was in charge of sales for Corporate Pan-Asia2. - Where shall we have themeeting?-.A. The first conference room is spaciousB. The first conference room isn’t goodC. In the first conference room3. - Do you have any suggestions aboutit?-.A. No, I have no ideaB. Let me give you a handC. After I read it in detail, I will tell you my opinion4. - Good morning. Far East Logistics Company.Thisis Lin Hanxue. May I help you? -.A.Good morning, Ms. Lin. Nice to meetyouB.No, thankyouC.Good morning, Ms. Lin. This is Daniel Andersonspeaking5.-Well,after my report,there’ll be a break for refreshments.-.A. The break won’t belongB. All right, I seeC. All right,I’11seeit二、词汇与结构〔共计30分,每小题2分〕6-20题：阅读下面的句子,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项6. The company’s Human Resources department will then select the mostsuitablepeople to an interview.A. attendB.joinC. go7. I’m particularly proud ofI organized the finances.A. whoB.whichC. how8. There wasin the meeting room as the general manager predicted thecompany’s salestarget.A. SilenceB.silentC. silently9.There are some visitors to ourmarketing department nextweekA. come Bing C. t o coming10.The meeting suggestedthe loan first.A. to replyB.repliedC. repaying11.The woolen gloves should in twenty boxes.A. be packedB.packC. bepacking12. But the charge will beand it also slows down delivery．A. more valuableB. cheaperC. higher13.I’d like to know what time we can get the container itis in the port.A.whyB. whenC. where14. The third part is theresults.A.expectB.expectingC. expected15. I have finished your project plan.A. readB. to readC. reading16.Prices may change quickly if supply or demandA.changesB. changeC. willchange17.Actually,buyers are the group of people wantto buy certain goods or services.A. theyB.whoC. which18. The next shareholder’s meetingwas at the end of this year.A. scheduledB. usedC. made19.Themarketing department the sales for thelast sixmonths.A. has summarizedB. summarizedC. wassummarized20. Then people,are interested, can apply for the job.A. thoseB.theyC. who三、阅读理解〔共40分,每小题4分〕21-25题：阅读下列短文,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案Does everyone in your office always agree all the time?When someone makes asuggestion,doeseve ry one justsmile and nod in agreement?When you bring forward anidea,dopeople just accept it?Well,if you answered"yes"to any of these questions,you areinanextremely unusual workplace.People are people.And peoplebuttheads. They disagree,theyargue,and theyfight.You can’t get around it.But you canlearn to deal with it.To hold your own, you need to learn how to argue effectively.If you’ve got an opinion,youneed to defend it. And if you havea problem withsomething a colleaguehas done, youneed to let them know. This can make for some difficultdiscussionsand meetings, butthis isjust a part of life and business.So how can you argue effectively? Well, you need severalskills.21.From the firstparagraph we can know that inthe office.A. people sometimesargueB. people alwaysagreeC. people always get aroundit22. "And people butt head" means .A. people hit you with the top of theirheadB. people dislike eachotherC. people don’t always agree well with eachother23. The writer suggests that if you get an opinion, you need to.A. get arounditB. learn how to deal withitC. argue in support ofit24.You needseveral skills to.A. let your colleaguesknowB. argueeffectivelyC. make for discussions and meetings25. The main point of this passage isabout.A. the fact of disagreement and argument in the officeB. how to avoid disagreement and argument in theofficeC. how to argue effectively in theoffice26-30题：阅读下面的句子,根据文章容进行判断,正确写"T"错误写"F"International TransportTransport playsan important part in internationalbusinessbecause goods produced have tobedeliveredtothebuyersabroad,andthedeliveryofgoodsis to be made possible bytransportservices.Goods are carried by several means of transport-on road or rail, byseaor air. And in recent years, combined transport which is a road-sea-rail carriageappeared.With the expansion of international trade,thecontainer service has become popular.Theuse of containersprovides a highlyeffective form of transport by road,rail andsea.Basically, about98%of world trade is carried outby sea·transport.Besidestransport by sea,road,orrail,nowadays in order to speed up delivery,carriage by air has also become popular.〔 T 〕26. Transport plays an important part in international business becausegoodsproduced have to be sent to everywhere in the world.〔 T 〕27. In recent years, combined transport which is a road-sea-rail carriageappeared.〔 F 〕28. With the expansion of international trade, the combined transport service hasbecome popular.〔 T 〕29. The use of containers gives a very helpful method of transport.〔 F 〕30. Today carriage by air has become popular because it can speed up delivery.四、翻译〔共20分,每小题4分〕31-35：从以下A、B、C三个选项中选择出最正确的翻译31. In order to be employed, you need to make a very good firstimpression.A.为了工作,你需要做出一个良好的第一印象。
电大网考《商务英语基础(1)》试题及答案
电大网考《商务英语基础(1)》作业试题及答案一单选题1.Can I ____a message or would you like to ring him on his mobile phone?（5.00分）A. makeB. leaveC. haveD. take2.The engineer recommended________（5.00分）A. when we look at this question.B. that values his new ideas.C. that the process can be made simpler.D. which is the Mark 2 project.3.Shall we get straight ________to business?（5.00分）A. inB. downC. overD. for4.We’ll do our _____to make your visit worthwhile.（5.00分）A. bestB. muchC. mostD. worst5.We very much appreciate your efforts________（5.00分）A. our production costs must be no more than 15 percent.B. has done damage to our reputationC. to negotiate with youD. to make this product possible6.Because we can’t find a compromise________（5.00分）A. we’ve ever given before.B. but I got nothing out of it.C. and there are two hundred and sixteen thousand employees worldwide.D. I am afraid we can go no further.7. I have the authority________（5.00分）A. to negotiate with youB. has done damage to our reputationC. to make this product possibleD. what seemed an impossible problem8.Could you come______ to the development workshop for a second?（5.00分）A. upB. onC. downD. over9.Could you _________the times of flights to Atlanta and reserve me a seat?（5.00分）A. find throughB. findC. find overD. find out10.The company really needs the fax machine by tomorrow________（5.00分）A. we’ve ever given before.B. but I got nothing out of it.C. or it will have to look elsewhere.D. I am afraid we can go no further.11.I have a small token of our gratitude________ （5.00分）A. that the process can be made simpler.B. when we look at this question.C. which is the Mark 2 project.D. which I would like you to have.12.I wonder __________you could check Mr. Sakai’s European itinerary.（5.00分）A. howB. ifC. thatD. what13.Hello. my name is Edward Green. I _________to speak to Mr. Smith, please.（5.00分）A. would likeB. wantC. want toD. glad14.I think the discount is higher than anything________ （5.00分）A. or it will have to look elsewhere.B. we’ve ever given before.C. there are two hundred and sixteen thousand employees worldwide.D. but I got nothing out of it.15.The Greenfield site has made the campus .（5.00分）A. to look more beautifulB. looks more beautifulC. look more beautifulD. looking more beautiful1.Please me how to do the market research fora new product.（5.00分）A. takeB. haveC. showD. give2.We need to consider a couple of options________ （5.00分）A. which is the Mark 2 project.B. when we look at this question.C. that values his new ideas.D. that the process can be made simpler.3.The computerized doll the quality test. （5.00分）A. passedB. succeededC. madeD. got 4.The telephone line is busy at the moment. （5.00分）A. fairB. quiteC. wellD. quiet5.They look forward to the new products soon. （5.00分）A. sawB. seeC. seeingD. to see6.The seller was trying to sign a substantial order________（5.00分）A. that is made with certain conditions.B. that you have finalized the delivery dates.C. then he could get a large discount.D. to be more flexible over terms of payment.7.She mail the package before the post office closes.（5.00分）A. hasB. have toC. has toD. must to8.In those early days, the boy company’s business was model railways and cars.（5.00分）A. usefulB. fullC. easyD. core9.She said that she wouldn’t mind the typingwork for you.（5.00分）A. about doingB. to doC. doingD. do10.We use our tongue to .（5.00分）A. feelB. tasteC. touchD. see11.I just received a proposal________（5.00分）A. that you have finalized the delivery dates.B. to be more flexible over terms of payment.C. that is made with certain conditions.D. that could benefit both of us.12.The researcher has to start looking for a company________（5.00分）A. which I would like you to have.B. that values his new ideas.C. which is the Mark 2 project.D. that the process can be made simpler.13.The two parts reached no solution on the final item________（5.00分）A. which is the Mark 2 project.B. which I would like you to have.C. that the process can be made simpler.D. that values his new ideas.14.A provisional agreement is one________（5.00分）A. that could benefit both of us.B. that you have finalized the delivery dates.C. that is made with certain conditions.D. then he could get a large discount.15.The new executive has done well to make the wholesaler agree________（5.00分）A. that could benefit both of us.B. then he could get a large discount.C. that is made with certain conditions.D. to be more flexible over terms of payment. 1.A: Would you like a cup of coffee?B:_____________________.（5.00分）A. That’s Research and Development.B. No, thank you.C. Yes.D. Thank you.2.Is it possible________（5.00分）A. It is entirely our fault.B. to talk to the Manager?C. I’m terribly sorry.D. with our compliments.3.Our sales brochure for this summer should be by the end of July.（5.00分）A. excitingB. exactC. readyD. ingenious4., three months ago I could not have negotiated this deal.（5.00分）A. EspeciallyB. PartiallyC. EntirelyD. Obviously5.A: Welcome to Bibury Systems.B:___________________.（5.00分）A. Thank you.B. That’s Research and Development.C. No, thank you.D. Yes.6.__________________the Manager’s not available atthe moment. But the Assistant Manager is here. HowCan I help you, madam?（5.00分）A. I’m afraidB. with our compliments.C. to talk to the Manager?D. It is entirely our fault.7.Mr. McNeil asked Mr. Don Bradley to ship the goods ____ air.（5.00分）A. byB. onC. atD. in8.A: Good weekend?B: _________.（5.00分）A. Yes.B. Thank you.C. No, thank you.D. Excellent, thank you.9.No credit will be offered ____ you place an order for more than 40.000 units.（5.00分）A. afterB. whenC. ifD. unless10.The board room can fifty people.（5.00分）A. makeB. holdC. putD. support11.Could you the appointment next Monday?（5.00分）A. rearrange, forB. rearrange, atC. rearrange, untilD. rearrange, in12.The discussion has been until Monday. （5.00分）A. put up withB. put offC. put outD. put of13.We agreed in front of the building this afternoon.（5.00分）A. meetingB. meetsC. metD. to meet14.A: Are you Edward Green?B:_______________.（5.00分）A. Excellent, thank you.B. Thank you.C. No, thank you.D. Yes.15.A: I’m sorry,R&d?B:_______________________.（5.00分）A. No, thank you.B. Thank you.C. Excellent, thank you.D. That’s Research and Development.1.--- Here is the company structure of Bibury Systems. --- I see. Where does Kate fit the company structure?（5.00分）A. withB. intoC. inD. onto2.A._____________.B. Yes. I haven’t retired yet.（5.00分）A. That’s not exactly true.B. Peter, are you still doing consultancy work?C. How are things at Bibury System?D. Nice to meet y ou again. Peter. It’s been a long time.3.A:Good morning. Phil Watson’s office.B:___________.（5.00分）A. My name is Don Bradley.B. Hello. Can I speak to Phil Watson, please?C. Can you take a message, please?D. I’ll try his mobile.4.This result my research, Can you see it? （5.00分）A. provesB. approvesC. welcomesD. values5.We can make the new research an priority.（5.00分）A. entireB. obviousC. expensiveD. absolute6.A:Something important has come up.________.B:C an it wait? I’ll be through in ten minutes.（5.00分）A. Can you spare a minute?B. Can it wait?C. Sorry to interrupt.D. Do you mind…?7.We employ about seven hundred full-time people. But we causal staff when we need them.（5.00分）A. check inB. taken inC. check outD. take on8.A:I’m afraid Mr. Watson is not in the office at the moment.B:______. （5.00分）A. Can you take a message, please?B. My name is Don Bradley.C. Hello. Can I speak to Phil Watson, please?D. This is Don Bradley.9.--- Do you know our company at all?--- No, it’s the first time here.（5.00分）A. I had beenB. I am comingC. I wasD. I have been10.They have a very big budget. They five percent of their profit to that department . （5.00分）A. thankB. commitC. contributeD. make11.Sally, you have arranged for me tomorrow, it’s canceled.（5.00分）A. whateverB. whicheverC. whatD. however12.A: It’s good of you to see me.B:_________. I have heard a lot about your company.（5.00分）A. Good things, I hope.B. News travels fast in the toy industry.C. Not at all.D. They are very impressive.13.A: Do you like it?B:___________.（5.00分）A. Yes.B. It’s very good.C. Excellent, thank you.D. No, thank you.14.We always buy products with the sales performance.（5.00分）A. mostB. bestC. muchD. more15.A: As you know, JK Toys has a strong presence in Europe.B: Yes, I saw your sales figures for last year.____________.（5.00分）A. Not at all.B. News travels fast in the toy industry.C. They are very impressive.D. Good things, I hope.二判断题1.The new launch date is very tight. ‘Tight’ here means not leaving enough time.（5.00分）错误正确2.If you are stuck, change to a new point. ‘To be stuck’ means to be sure of something.（5.00分）错误正确3.I don’t think price can be a factor at this stage. The sentence means to consider the price matter now. （5.00分）错误正确4.That is the existing product range. “product range” means product portfolio.（5.00分）错误正确5.The engineer hasn’t got time to track down the problem. ‘To track down’ means to find out.（5.00分）错误正确1.Let’s move from the general to the specific. This sentence means let’s talk about some particular and about some part, but not about the whole.（5.00分）错误正确2.Mr. Smith isn’t available. This sentence means Mr. Smith is free and not busy.（5.00分）错误正确3.If you have any questions, please feel free to interrupt at any time. This sentence means if you have somethin g that you don’t understand, you can make a break in at any time.（5.00分）错误正确4.They’re doing some very innovative work in solar energy. “innovative” here means something out of date.（5.00分）错误正确5.Let’s have a run through. This sentence m eans let’s run from one side to another.（5.00分）错误正确1.We have a very flexible position on licensing deals. “flexible” here means very hard and uneasy to bend.（5.00分）错误正确2.This is the latest prototype. “prototype” here means a standard or typical example.（5.00分）错误正确3.Big Boss deserves the best packaging designs. This sentence means the toy Big Boss is not very worth having the best out packing design.（5.00分）错误正确4.When it hears the trigger word, it plays it back. “trigger word” here means a word that initiates a process or course of action.（5.00分）错误正确5.We need to speak further about this. This sentence means we need to discuss the problem more.（5.00分）错误正确1.Something important has come up. This sentence means something important happens unexpectedly. （5.00分）错误正确2.The important thing is that this is a major breakthrough. “breakthrough” here means an important development or achievement.（5.00分）错误正确3. Could you charge it to my room? “charge” here means to add it to his account so he can pay for it later.（5.00分）错误正确4.I’m afraid our office is closed until nine o’clock tomorrow morning. This sentence means our office will be open after nine o’clock tomorrow morning.（5.00分）错误正确5.J.K.Toys company will launch Dealer Dan on January 20th. “launch” here means makes the toy available to the public.（5.00分）错误正确。
Unit 1(商务英语阅读教程1)
Homework
1.Summarize the main idea of the the Supplementary Reading on P9 with no more than 50 words. 2.Finish P10 Part V Test Yourself
Note on the Text
1. Enrolling in college is one step toward fulfilling our vision of the future．进入大学是完成将来梦想的第一步。 enroll in：登记入学，入伍，入会等。 如： It's too late to enroll in that class．现在报名进那个班太晚了。 2. Goal-setting involves developing a list of things you would like to achieve in your personal or professional lives-your goals． 设立目标包括列出一些你在个人生活和职业生活中想要完成的事情—— 即你的目标。 3. Understanding what success means to you and the level of success you are willing to accept in life is one of the first stages of new venture planning． 理解成功对你的意义和生活中你想获得的成功水平是计划新事业的第一 步。
Homework
1. If each country’s business had a national style or personality, what would the Chinese business personality be? Discuss how business in China typically operates. 2. Discuss the last time you had to strike a balance in order to reach an agreement about something? 3. Report on the similarities and differences in management of the multinationals (IKEA, TESCO, Walmart, P&G, etc.) in China. 4. Read Text B
译文 《商务英语》UNIT1 LOGISTICS(物流)
UNIT I LOGISTICS第一单元物流PART ⅠThe Definition of LogisticsPART Ⅰ物流的定义The introduction of Logistics物流简介[Para1]“Logistics” is a term, which originates from both the army an d French. According to the French, the Baron of Jomini, who of Swiss origin who had served in Napoleon’s army before joining the Russians and who later founded the Military Academy of St. Petersburg, first used the term in the early 19th century. So in a m ilitary sense, the term ‘logistics’ encompasses transport organization, army replenishments and material maintenance.“物流”或“后勤”一词其实源于军队，对其词义解释亦有多个不同版本，根据法国人阐述之词义，该词早于十九世纪初被祖文尼男爵率先采用。
祖文尼是一名原藉瑞士的军官，他在投奔俄罗斯军队之前在拿破伦军中服役，其后一手创立“圣彼得堡军事学院”。
就军事意识而言，物流管理―词意即运输编制、军队补给和物料保养。
[Para2] In the business world however, the concept of “logistics” was applied solely to “Material Replenishment Programs” (MRP) and was confined to the manufacturing sector at the beginning. Therefore the extension of the concept to involve company operations is a relatively new one and the earliest usage dates back to the 1950s in the USA.然而在商务界中，“物流管理”的概念仅仅用于“物料需求计划”，并且最初是在制造业的部门开始使用。
商务英语综合教程Unit 1 Changes in the Motives and Developments
Text
Unit 1 Changes in the Motives and Developments
3 The main motives for foreign direct investment up to the 1980s
were:
1) in industrialized and developed countries to gain access to markets which were virtually impenetrable via exports due to severe protectionism;
Text Exercises
Unit 1 Changes in the Motives and Developments
Related Technical Terms Grammar
Text
Unit 1 Changes in the Motives and Developments
1 A number of important, traditionally closed service sectors, such as financial services and transport, were exposed during the 1980s to foreign competition in increasing numbers of countries and opened up to foreign direct investment. This trend is likely to continue in the 1990s as a result of privatization in transport,
Text
商务英语1
以考虑给予1.5%的折扣。 If you increase your quantity to 100000 pieces, we may consider giving you 1.5% discount. 如果你方的订单超过500打的话，我们同 意给你方2%的折扣。 We are prepared to allow you a 2% quantity discount if your order exceeds 500 dozens.
4）我相信我们商品的高质量，低价
格会使你尝试性的订购他们。 I believe that the high quality and low price of our commodity will attract you to place a trial order.
5）如果你能把数量增加到10万件，我们可
好的机会获得考虑。
If
only you raise your counter-offer by 3%, it will stand a better chance of（有完成某事的希望或 机会） being considered.
3）你方还盘太低且没有根据，所以它
不能作为进一步洽谈的基础。 Your counter-offer is too low and groundless, therefore it can’t serve as a basis for further negotiation. 事实尽然如此，我们没有理由解雇他。 E.g Such being the case, we have no grounds for dismissing him.
8）我们高兴地通知你，与其他供货商
相比，你方产品质量较好，因此我方 决定向你们定期订货。 I’m very happy to notify you that compared with those of other suppliers, your products are superior in quality. Therefore, we’ve decided to place regular order with you.
《高级综合商务英语1》参考答案
高级商务英语系列教材总主编：叶兴国王光林高级综合商务英语1主编：彭青龙（习题答案）外语教学与研究出版社Unit 1 GlobalizationLead-in1. Quiz1) B 2) C 3) D 4) A 5) A2. A Mini CaseSuggested answers:●As Zara continues to expand, it might have to open other distribution centers onother continents. Language, culture, and work relations may vary significantly from the closely-managed operation currently in place in Spain. The company may run into more specific challenges in accommodating customers‘requirements due to a lack of cultural sensitivity. Zara‘s expansion globally may pose the challenge of moving from a more centralized management style to a more global style.●Lorena needs to ensure that she has a truly international team in place withmembers from both multilingual and multicultural background; draw up a plan on how global logistics will support global expansion; start a succession plan and train new logistics managers who could be ready to take on overseas responsibilities; and encourage store managers to include suggestions on cultural specifics which may help in making the final product and brand expansion successful.Text AI.Reading Comprehension1.Determine whether the following statements are true or false. Write a T fortrue, an F for false, and an NG for not given.1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) F 9) T 10) NG2.Essay Questions1)The modern multinational companies have had passed through three phases. Firstcame the 19th-century ―international model‖, with firms based in their home country and selling goods through overseas sales offices. This was followed by the classic multinational firm in which the parent company created smaller versions of itself in countries around the world. And now it has been replaced by a single integrated global entity in which the firm will move people and jobs anywhere in the world, based on the right cost, the right skills and the right business environment.2)The big attractions from emerging markets are low-cost labor, highly skilledpersonnel, and a chance to cooperate with the government as a potential customer.3)They are lacking the management talents who can practice and support businessoperating models that will allow them to generate profitable growth in more mature markets over the long term.4)The single biggest challenge facing Western multinationals is the lack ofemerging-market experience in their senior ranks. Moreover, multinationals have great trouble retaining the managers they do have in emerging markets.―Well-trained, good, honest people are scarce in emerging markets. Multinationals are better at training these people than emerging-market companies, which prefer to poach them once they are trained.‖II.Blank-filling: Complete the following sentences with the words given in the box. Change the form when necessary.1) cutting-edge 2) commoditized 3) aggressive 4) forge 5) benchmark 6) blueprint 7) expatriates 8) deploy 9) ferocious 10) substantial III.Paraphrasing1.Rewriting: Rewrite the underlined part of each sentence in your own words.1) ―In the 97 years of the company‘s history, never had a particular kind of product or merchandise been managed outside the U.S.,‖he says excitedly, noting that ―Latin America now reports to Shanghai.‖2) But the assault on its services business led by a trio of Indian outsourcing upstarts, Tata Consulting Services, Infosys and Wipro, posed a big threat to the field that might be the main sources of growth for the company as expected by Mr. Palmisano.3) In many emerging markets the most attractive potential customer is the government, because of the government‘s urgent needs to improve the infrastructure facilities in a wide range, from the mobile telephone networks to roads, airports and ports, energy and water supply.4) A 2007 study of China‘s top 200 publicly traded companies found that it is still difficult even for the leading companies in China to compete with those global giants.5) American multinationals now have a ―ferocious interest in attracting non-Americans to the board‖, but they can find only a few qualified executives from the European countries, not to mention those from emerging markets.2. Sentence Transformation: Complete the following sentences based on the structures given.1) Because of the fact that hot labor markets in emerging markets are causing extremely high turnover rates, every big multinational is aiming to win the ―war for talent‖ and taking it as one of the most urgent issues.2) It is believed that as a big multinational company it enjoys advantages in recruiting and retaining talented managers than the local competitors.3) Despite the growth of their revenue which increased on the back of China‘s continued economic growth, they could only create half of the value of their global competitors.4) No longer the ―young bucks or retirement-posing types‖as they used to be,nowadays the expatriate managers appointed by multinationals to work in emerging markets are generally of a much higher quality.5) Compared with those old multinationals, the firms in emerging markets are typically lacking the depth of management talent, though the founders are often impressive.IV.Translation1.Sentence Translation1) 这一雄心勃勃的策略是对来自新兴市场的激烈竞争做出的回应。
自考商务英语1-3单元专业术语
U n i t1I n t e r n a t i o n a l b u s i n e s s1.customs area 关税区2.conversion 货币兑换3.visible trade 有形贸易4.invisible trade 无形贸易5.gross domestic product 国内生产总值6.FDI 外国直接投资7.portfolio investment 证券投资8.stocks 股票9.bonds 债券10.maturity （票据）到期11.certificate of deposit 大额存单12.licensing 许可经营13.franchising 特许经营14.trade mark 商标15.Patent 专利16.royalty 专利使用费，许可使用费，版税17.copyright 版权18.management contract 管理合同19.licenser 给予许可的人20.licensee 接受许可的人21.franchiser 给予特许的人22.franchisee 接受特许的人23.value chain 价值链24.turnkey project “交钥匙”工程25.BOT（build，operate，transfer）建设经营移交Unit 2Income level and the world maket1.Gross national product 国民生产总值2.Gross domestic product 国内生产总值3.National income 国民收入4.Per capita income 人均收入5.PPP (Purchasing power parity) 购买力评价6.Consumerism 消费，消费主义7.Income distribution 收入分布8.Infrastructure 基础设备9.Staple goods 大路货10.Invoice 开发票11.Creditor country 债权国Unit 3Regional economic integration1.Economic integration 经济一体化2.Free trade area 自由贸易区3.Customs union 关税同盟4.Tariff rates 关税税率5.Settlement 结算6.North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 北美自由贸易协定mon market 共同市场8.Banknotes circulation 货币流通9.Cartel 卡特尔 pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 亚太经济合作组织anization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 石油输出国组织12.European Commission 欧盟委员会13.Council of ministers 部长理事会14.Dual-Ministerial Meeting 双部长会议Unit 4 Economic GlobalizationShare holders 股东,所有人Economic globalization 经济全球化Board of directors 董事会Inputs 投入Economic environment 经济环境Parent company 母公司,总公司,上级公司Affiliate 分支机构,会员Day-to-day running 日常管理Multinational Corporation (enterprise) 跨国公司/企业Home country 母国Host country 东道国Unit 5 International Trade (1)Services 劳务Primary commodities 初级产品Specialization 专业化Absolute advantage 绝对利益Comparative advantage 比较优势Capital, land and labor 资本,土地和劳动力(生产三要素)Unit 6 International Trade (2)Tariff 关税Quota 配额Customs area 关税区Customs union 关税联盟Import duties 进口关税Export duties 出口关税Ad valorem duty 从价税Specific duty 从量税Compound duties 复合税,混合关税Drawback 退税Most-favored-nation (MFN) 最惠国Tariff schedule 税率表,税则Non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒Visible trade 有形贸易Invisible trade 无形贸易Unit 7Deal 交易trade terms 贸易术语trading practices 贸易惯例negotiable （票据，股票）可转让的，可流通的EDI 电子数据交换,customs clearance 结关dispatch 发送International Chamber of Commerce（ICC）国际商会roll on-roll off 滚装滚卸的Incoterms 国际贸易术语解释通则nagotiable transport document 可转让装运单据EXW 工厂交货,FCA 货交承运人,FAS 装运港船边交货,FOB 装运港船上交货CFR 成本加运费CIF 成本，保险费和运费CPT 运费付至,CIP 运费、保险费付至,DAF 边境交货,DES 目的港船上交货,DEQ 目的港码头交货,DDU 未完税交货,DDP 完税交货Unit8Inquiry 询盘、报价,Quotation 报价,validity period 有效期,offer 发盘,counter offer 还盘,offeree 收盘人,sales(purchase)contract 销售（购货）合同,sales (purchase)confirmation 销售（购货）确认书,consignment 寄售,contracting parties 缔约方,force majeure 不可抗力,arbitration 仲裁,business line 业务（经营）范围, contract proper 合同正文,article number 货号Unit 9Counter trade 对销贸易, Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀, Reichsbank 德国国家银行,cross-border contract 进出口合同, protectionism 贸易保护主义,financial market 金融市场,Clearing system 清算系统,net positions 实际头寸, compensation trade 补偿贸易,trade credit accounts 贸易信贷往来帐户, barter 易货交易,counter purchase 互购贸易,Buyback 回购交易,Vertical 垂直的、生产销售全过程, centrally planned economies 中央计划经济国家, competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值, Volkswagen 大众汽车公司,Xerox Corporation 施乐公司,processing trade 加工贸易,consignment 寄售,leasing trade 租赁贸易,auction 拍卖,agency 代理Unit 10debtor 债务人debit 借方，将……记入借方financial standing 财务状况credit worthiness 资信可靠状况periodic payments 分阶段付款cash in advance 预付现金open accout 记账交易draft（bill of exchange）汇票drawer 出票人drawee 受票人payee 受款人usance draft (honor draft, term draft) 远期汇票documentary draft 跟单汇票clean draft 光票documentary collection 跟单托收documents against payment（D/P）付款交单documents against acceptance（D/A）承兑交单Unit11applicant 开证申请人opening bank 开证银行beneficiary 受益人correspondent bank 往来行，关系行advising bank 通知行amendment 修改confirming bank 保兑行reimburse 付款unit price 单价partial shipment 分批装运transshipment 转船the uniform customs and parctice of documentary credits 跟单信用证统一惯例，或简称“统一惯例”in favor of 以……为受益人the carrying vessel 运载船只，载货船只Unit 12clean credit 光票信用证non-trade settlement 非贸易结算revocable credit 可撤销信用证irrevocable credit 不可撤销信用证maturity 到期，期满confirmed credit 保兑信用证leading bank 主要银行sight credit 即期信用证capital turnover 资金周转face value 面值transferable credit 可转让信用证non-transferable credit 不可转让信用证non-draft credit 无汇票信用证discount 贴现deferred payment 推迟付款revolving credit 循环信用证insolvent 无支付能力的Unit 13Documents 单据Take delivery of提（货）Commission佣金Discount折扣Shipping marks运输标记, 唛头Bill of lading 提单Carrier 承运人Shipper货主托运人Consignor托运人Carriage 运输Consignee收货人Notify party 被通知人Payable 应支付的Airway bill 空运提单Insurance policy 保险单Cargo receipt 货物收据Commercial invoice 商业发票Legal holder 合法持有人Insurance certificate 保险证书Customs invoice海关发票Consular invoice领事发票Consular visa 领事签证Shipping advice装船通知Certificate of health 健康证书Certificate of disinfection 消毒证书Certificate of origin 货物原产地证明书Veterinary certificate 兽医证书Unit 14Documentation 单据的制作或使用Finished products 制成品Deregulation 解除控制，撤消管制规定Productivity 生产率Cost economies 节约成本Intermediate products 中间产品Natural product province 产品自然领域Inventory 存货库存Logistics 物流Just-in-time inventory system 零库存Common carrier 公共承运人Contract carrier 契约承运人Private carrier 自有承运人Unit 15Insured 被保险人Insurer 承保人Claim 索赔Client 客户Margin 保证金Draw 提取Jeopardy 风险，危险Literature 文献，说明书（此处指商品目录，价目表）Underwriter 保险公司Known premium 已知的保险费Pool 基金，共用款Cargo insurance 货物保险Marine insurance 海运保险Unit 16Port of origin 货物原产地港口V oidable 可使无效的，可以取消的Indemnity 损失赔偿Ruin 毁灭Insurable interest 可保险权益Terms of sale 价格条件All risks 全险Principle of utmost good faith 最大诚信原则Subrogation 代位,取代Contribution 损失费用分摊原则Proximate cause of the loss 近因原则Forwarding charges 交货费用Free from particular average 平安险With particular average 水渍险Unit 17Exchange rate 汇率Gold standard 金本位制Peg 钉住，挂钩Par value 平价Reserve currency 储备货币Clean float 清洁浮动，自由浮动Dirty float 肮脏浮动，管理浮动Discount 贴现Idle funds 游资Indirect quote 间接标价Direct quote 直接标价Buying rate 买入价Selling rate 卖出价Medial rate 中间价Unit 18Financial resources 资金Finance 提供资金Earnings 收益,盈利Private sector 私营经济Balance of payments 国际收支Equity investment 股权投资Grace period 优惠期Capital infrastructure (资本密集型)基础设施World Bank Group 世界银行集团International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD) 国际复兴开发银行International Development Association(IDA) 国际开发协会International Finance Corporation(IFC) 国际金融公司Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency(MIGA) 多边投资担保机构Unit 19returns 收益，回报customer mobility 客户流动inventory 存货tax holiday 免税期green-field strategy 绿地战略acquisition 并购joint venture 合资企业Unit 20investor 投资者securities 有价债券finance 融资equities 权益，普通股broker 经纪人jobber 股票买卖经纪人hedge 套期保值shortfall 亏空，不足，财政赤字stock exchange 证券交易所long-term capital 长期资本secondary capital market 二级资本市场primary capital raising 初级资本筹集market floor 交易所market maker 市场交易人listed market 挂牌市场income tax 所得税gilt-edged stocks options 金边债券期权cost-effective 节约成本public sector borrowing requirement 公共部门借贷需求books 帐本value added tax (V AT) 增值税institutional investors 机构投资商Unit 21most-favored nation clause 最惠国条款generalized system of preferences 普惠制non-discriminate 非歧视contracting party 缔约国tariff quota 关税配额trade-related 与贸易有关的standard of living 生活水平full employment 充分就业tariff concession 关税减免Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合Counter-veiling measures 反补贴措施Anti-dumping 反倾销National treatment 国民待遇Unit 22The united nations conference on trade and development1.Escape clauses 免责条款2.United nations general assembly 联合国大会3.Invisibles 无形贸易4.Non-discrimination principle 非歧视原则5.Terms of trade 贸易条款6.New international economic order 新国际经济秩序7.Differential treatment 差别待遇8.Preferential customs tariffs 特惠税9.Transfer of technology 技术转让10.。
商务英语课本unit1译文及答案
课文A世界经济发展世界经济比以往任何时候都更富裕，但是国家内部与国家之间财富显然分布不均衡。
世界上最富裕国家如卢森堡的年人均收入比世界最贫穷国家如塞纳里昂年人均收入高出一百多倍。
国与国之间经济发展不平衡倾向表现各异。
20世纪50、60年代，发展中国家经济获得了飞速而持续的发展。
然而，自80年代以来，除了少数几个主要亚洲国家经济成功地获得快速发展、更多全球开放市场外，其他发展中国家面临了经济不稳，社会福利收效甚微的问题。
全球化并没有缩小贫富国家收入差异。
富裕国家比贫困国家往往能更优先进入资本市场，吸引更多外国资本直接投资，更有弹性地应对全球商品市场。
现在，埃塞俄比亚居民平均收入不及出生于欧洲或美国居民的1/35，而在50年代，埃塞俄比亚人均收入是发达国家人均收入的1/16。
同样，美国目前人均收入比尼伯尔人均收入从50年代的19倍上升到了27倍。
世界上大多数最贫困国家或多或少在某种程度上相对滞后。
尤其是70年代中期以来，发展中国家经济增长进入停滞与不稳定的交替期，只有少数几个发展中国家在最近几十年能持续增长，这些国家中尤以两个世界人口大国中国和印度著名。
中国可以看作是成功进行体制改革的例子。
20世纪70年代后期改革开放以来，中国经济一直保持了高速发展。
除一些社会、经济不稳定因素之外，最近20年，中国经济改革所取得的成就解决了几千万人的温饱问题。
因为没有现存的改革经验可借鉴，中国经济改革的过程被看作是“摸着石头过河”。
实际上，经济发展是改革的落脚点和最终目标。
中国经济体制改革是以全面提高经济效益为目的，依靠发挥个人积极性，培育各种类型的市场竞争。
通常，中国向市场经济的转型过程是个缓慢的经济改革过程，表现在三个不同时期。
第一个时期从1978年至1993年，改革主要是改善激励机制和扩大市场对资源的配置范围。
这一时期以成功进行农业体制改革和双重价格体系改革为特点；第二个时期开始于1994年，这一时期中国政府决定把最终建立现代市场经济体制作为改革目标；最新时期，重点是处理好由于经济增长所带来的地区差异和贫富悬殊。
《高级综合商务英语1》参考答案
《高级综合商务英语1》参考答案参考答案-高级综合商务英语1IntroductionIn this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the answers for the course "Advanced Integrated Business English 1". This course focuses on various aspects of business language and communication skills, covering topics such as effective presentations, negotiation tactics, and intercultural business communication. By understanding the correct answers to these questions, students will have a solid foundation in advanced business English.Section 1: Effective Presentations1. What are the key elements of a successful business presentation?- Clear and concise introduction- Well-structured content- Engaging visuals- Effective use of language- Confident body language- Convincing conclusion2. How can you grab the audience's attention at the beginning of a presentation?- Start with a captivating story or anecdote related to the topic- Pose a thought-provoking question- Use shocking statistics or facts- Begin with a relevant quote or proverb3. What strategies can be utilized to maintain audience engagement during a presentation?- Incorporate interactive elements, such as mini quizzes or group discussions- Use visuals and multimedia to illustrate key points- Include personal anecdotes or examples to make the content relatable- Ask rhetorical questions to stimulate audience thinkingSection 2: Negotiation Tactics1. What is the importance of preparation in negotiation?Preparation plays a crucial role in negotiation as it allows individuals to:- Identify their objectives and priorities- Understand the other party's interests and needs- Research and gather relevant information- Develop a strategy and anticipate potential counterarguments2. What are some effective negotiation tactics?- Active listening to understand the other party's perspective- Building rapport and maintaining a positive relationship- Clearly articulating one's interests and needs- Offering and negotiating concessions- Utilizing persuasive language and supporting arguments with evidence3. How can cultural differences impact negotiation strategies?Cultural differences can influence negotiation strategies in several ways:- Communication styles: Direct or indirect communication norms- Decision-making processes: Consensus-based or individual-based decision-making- Power dynamics: Hierarchical or egalitarian power structures- Time orientation: Short-term or long-term focusSection 3: Intercultural Business Communication1. What are the challenges of intercultural business communication?- Language barriers: Differences in vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar- Nonverbal cues: Varied interpretations of body language and gestures- Cultural norms: Different expectations regarding greetings, formality, and directness- Contextual understanding: Potential misunderstandings due to diverse backgrounds and experiences2. How can intercultural communication be improved in a business setting?- Develop cultural sensitivity and awareness through training and research- Adapt communication styles based on the cultural context- Clarify and confirm understanding through active listening and paraphrasing- Seek feedback and ask questions to bridge potential gaps in understanding3. What role does technology play in intercultural business communication?Technology enables:- Instantaneous communication across different time zones- Remote collaboration through video conferences and virtual meetings- Language translation tools for written and spoken communication- Access to global markets through e-commerce platformsConclusionThis article provided a comprehensive overview of the answers for the course "Advanced Integrated Business English 1". By understanding the key elements of effective presentations, negotiation tactics, and intercultural business communication, students will be equipped with the necessary skills to excel in the dynamic world of business. Mastering these concepts andstrategies will lead to improved professional communication and increased success in international business endeavors.。
商务英语一级
商务英语一级商务英语是指用于商务场合的英语交流方式和技巧，涵盖了商务英语词汇、商务英语口语和商务英语写作等方面的内容。
商务英语的学习对于从事国际贸易、外贸销售、商务谈判等工作的人来说是非常重要的，因为良好的商务英语能力可以帮助人们顺利开展国际商务活动。
商务英语一级考试是商务英语考试中的基础级别，主要考察考生的商务英语词汇量、听说读写能力和商务交际技巧。
下面将分别从词汇、口语和写作三个方面进行介绍。
商务英语一级考试的词汇部分主要考察考生对商务英语基本词汇的理解和运用能力。
考生需要掌握常用商务英语词汇和短语，如会议、商务信函、商务谈判等方面的词汇。
在备考过程中，考生可以通过词汇卡片、词汇表和词汇练习来提高自己的词汇量和词汇应用能力。
商务英语一级考试的口语部分主要考察考生的商务口语表达能力。
考生需要具备与国外商务伙伴进行日常交流、参加商务会议、进行商务谈判等情景的能力。
在备考过程中，考生可以通过模拟商务情景对话、商务英语口语练习和商务英语口语教材来提高自己的口语表达能力。
商务英语一级考试的写作部分主要考察考生的商务英语写作能力。
考生需要掌握商务英语书信、商务报告、商务计划等常见商务文书的写作技巧和格式。
在备考过程中，考生可以通过阅读商务英语写作教材、商务英语写作指南和商务英语写作练习来提高自己的写作水平。
综上所述，商务英语一级考试是商务英语考试中的基础级别，考察考生的商务英语词汇量、听说读写能力和商务交际技巧。
通过词汇的积累、口语的练习和写作的训练，考生可以提高自己的商务英语能力，为将来的商务工作打下坚实的基础。
商务英语的学习不仅可以帮助人们在国际商务活动中顺利沟通，还可以提升个人的职业竞争力。
因此，商务英语一级考试的备考是非常有必要的。
商务英语阅读unit 1
Service Exports and Imports. Service exports and imports are non-product international earning. The company or individual receiving payment is making a service export, and the company or individual paying is making a service import. Service exports and imports take many forms. These are the following sources of such earning; tourism and transportation, performance of service and use of assets.
商务英语1
10. Your desire to establish business relations coincide with ours.
11.Being specialized in the export of Chinese Light Industrial Products, we express our desire to trade with you in this line. 12. Our lines are mainly arts and crafts. 13. We have been in this line for more than twenty years.
Words and Expressions: 1)recommendation 推荐、介绍 2)Chamber of commerce商会 3)Inform通知 4)Specialize in专营 5)Enter into business relations建 立业务关系
6) On the basis of equality and mutual benefit 在平等互利的基础上
• Zhang: Thank you for your information. As you know, our corporation is a state-operated one. We always trade with foreign countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. Establishing business relations between us will be to our mutual benefit. I have no doubt that it will bring about closer ties between us. • Brown: That sounds interesting. I’ll send a telex home. As soon as I receive the definite answer, I’ll give you a specific enquiry. • Zhang: We’ll then make an offer the soonest possible. I hope a lot of business will be put through between us. • Brown: So do I
《商务英语综合教程》 Unit (1)
10. The system administrator should manage them from the
server.
Section B Phrases
Translate the following phrases into Chinese.
1. business executive
2. track record 3. downstream organization 4. contingency plan 5. go bankrupt
Group Work
How much do you know about the six famous CEOs mentioned in Task One? Work in groups and try to find more information about them. Please give a brief introduction to one of them for about one minute. You may introduce some of the following aspects: • 1) nationality • 2) date of birth • 3) family background • 4) education background • 5) work experience • 6) achievements
Additional Reading
11 Characteristics of Management Excellence in Action
1. Management Excellence starts with values. The people in the firm display a fierce commitment to shared values and the exhibition of those values in every day activities large and small. From talent selection and development to programs, policies and key decisions, the values are always on display. The values are self-policing, and those who ultimately do not share the values are voted off the island. 2. Learning and continuous improvement drive the daily work. Learning and refining processes and approaches is what people do every day. And innovation is not a program, but an outgrowth of the most powerful behavior in the firm: learning via experim
商务英语1-businessenglish_第一单元
商务英语/ 对公众说话/ 01应征面谈Introducing Yourself at an Interview找工作时的面试，正是应征单位决定是否要延揽应征者的依据。
在面试中，除需注意衣装合宜之外，得体出众的谈吐实为关键所在。
怎么样的谈话内容和态度，才能使你脱颖而出呢？英文正文Good morning. It's a pleasure for me to be here in front of you to present myself. My name is Jennifer Wong, and I am a candidate for the position of Overseas Sales Representative.My background and work experience are tailor-made for this position. I studied marketing as an undergrad here in Taiwan, and in 1985, I received my MBA from the University of Texas School of Business. For five years now, I have utilized my skills and knowledge as the Assistant Director of Exports for Magic Kitchen Supplies.Action Appliances is a forward-looking company. I am aware that you are expanding into new markets, particularly in the U.S. Thus you are going to need aggressive, take-charge sales representatives. At Magic Kitchen, during my five years there, we expanded our U.S. market share by 25%. This is just one example of my ability to go out there and sell products.A position with your company would be both a learning experience and a great opportunity. I look forward tobecoming part of the Action team. Thank you.中文翻译↑早安。
新世纪商务英语综合教程1(第二版)
新世纪商务英语综合教程1（第二版）New Century Business English Integrated Course 1 (Second Edition) is a comprehensive textbook designed to equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to thrive in the dynamic world of business. This second edition builds upon the solid foundation established in the previous version, offering a more robust and comprehensive approach to business English education.The textbook is structured in a logical and progressive manner, guiding students through a wide range of business-related topics and scenarios. Each unit is meticulously crafted to address the specific needs and challenges faced by modern business professionals, ensuring that the content is both relevant and applicable to the real-world business environment.One of the standout features of this textbook is its emphasis on developing well-rounded business communication skills. 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Each unit includes a range of assessment tools, including quizzes, projects, and comprehensive exams, that allow students to evaluate their progress and identify areas for improvement. This feedback mechanism not only helps students track their learning but also enables instructors to tailor their teaching approaches to the specific needs of their students.In terms of content, New Century Business English Integrated Course 1 (Second Edition) covers a wide range of topics that are essential for success in the modern business landscape. These include, but are not limited to, the fundamentals of business communication, effective team management, strategic decision-making, financial literacy, and ethical considerations in business. By addressing these critical areas, the textbook equips students with a well-rounded understanding of the complex and multifaceted nature of business.Furthermore, the textbook is designed with a strong emphasis on practical application. Throughout the units, students are encouraged to engage in real-world case studies, role-playing exercises, and collaborative projects. This approach not only reinforces thetheoretical concepts but also helps students develop the critical-thinking and problem-solving skills that are highly valued in the business world.One of the key strengths of New Century Business English Integrated Course 1 (Second Edition) is its adaptability to diverse learning environments. The textbook can be effectively utilized in a variety of educational settings, from traditional classroom-based instruction to blended learning and online courses. This flexibility ensures that the content can be tailored to meet the specific needs and learning styles of a wide range of students.In conclusion, New Century Business English Integrated Course 1 (Second Edition) is a comprehensive and innovative textbook that offers a robust and comprehensive approach to business English education. With its focus on practical application, cultural awareness, and technological integration, the textbook prepares students to navigate the complex and ever-evolving business landscape with confidence and competence. Whether you are a student seeking to enhance your business communication skills or an educator looking to provide your students with a cutting-edge business English curriculum, this textbook is a valuable resource that is sure to deliver tangible and lasting benefits.。
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Second, the JIT system is used widely. So does in service. For example, in a cake shop, the boss often offers a lower price for goods after 8:00p.m. The purpose is to reduce wasting and balance the workload. Production need keep pace with demand in service industry. It has already built up a particular method to balance demand for reducing waiting time of customers.
Another example, in recent years, some airlines have made a dragon of on time service of buying tickets, boarding , baggage shipment, and it achieved good results in improving customer satisfaction.
JIT can eliminate unnecessary activities. Not to bring valueadded activities become candidates to be deleted, and bringing valueadded activities may also be a reorganization of the object in order to improve the consistency of the process or reduce the time to complete the task.
② Under JIT system, any problem will not be hidden, which helps resolve problems, reduce capital occupied, avoid the unnecessary loss of stock. Toyota's return on investment is high, one of the most important reason is that its inventory turnover ratio is up to 87.
2.Why does JIT production not encourage innovation or the creation of demand?
①If a company under JIT system wants to innovate, it will inevitably encounter a risk. When the customers don’t like the goods, it will bring inventory and cause losses. At the same time, the company will occupy more places. So it will do damage to the company.
1 . Can we apply JIT system into service industry?
It is no doubt that we can apply JIT system into service industry.
First, the idea oห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ JIT production derives from American Supermarkets .