学生---- 河北省衡水中学2015届高三上学期期中考试数学理试题_Word版含解析
河北省衡水中学2015届高三上学期四调考试数学(理)(附答案) (1)
河北省衡水中学2015届高三上学期四调考试数学(理)试题【试卷综述】试题在重视基础,突出能力,体现课改,着眼稳定,实现了新课标高考数学试题与老高考试题的尝试性对接.纵观新课标高考数学试题,体现数学本质,凸显数学思想,强化思维量,控制运算量,突出综合性,破除了试卷的八股模式,以全新的面貌来诠释新课改的理念,无论是在试卷的结构安排方面,还是试题背景的设计方面,都进行了大胆的改革和有益的探索,应当说是一份很有特色的试题.一、选择题(本题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分,在四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的)【题文】1.已知向量=【知识点】平面向量的数量积;向量模的运算. F3 【答案】【解析】C 解析:∵222()2()50a b a a b b +=+⋅+=,又(2,1),10a a b =⋅=,∴()250520255b b =--=⇒=,故选C.【思路点拨】把向量的模转化为数量积运算. 【题文】2.已知的共轭复数,复数A .B .c .1 D .2【知识点】复数的基本概念与运算.L4【答案】【解析】A 解析:∵114i z i====,∴144z i =--,∴221144z z ⎛⎛⎫⋅=+= ⎪ ⎝⎭⎝⎭.【思路点拨】化简复数z ,根据共轭复数的定义得z ,进而求得结论.【题文】3.某学校派出5名优秀教师去边远地区的三所中学进行教学交流,每所中学至少派一名教师,则不同的分配方法有 A .80种 B .90种 C .120种D .150种【知识点】排列与组合. J2【答案】【解析】 D 解析:有二类情况:(1)其中一所学校3名教师,另两所学校各一名教师的分法有335360C A =种,(2)其中一所学校1名教师,另两所学校各两名教师的分法有213453902C C A =种,∴共有150种.故选D. 【思路点拨】先根据分到各学校的教师人数分类,再根据去各学校教师人数将教师分成三组,然后将这三组教师全排列即可. 【题文】4.曲线处的切线方程为 A .B .C .D .【知识点】导数的几何意义. B11【答案】【解析】A 解析:∵22222(2)(2)x x x y y x x x +-'=⇒==+++,∴曲线在点(-1,-1)处切线的斜率为2,∴所求切线方程为21y x =+,故选A.【思路点拨】根据导数的几何意义,得曲线在点(-1,-1)处切线的斜率,然后由点斜式得所求切线方程. 【题文】5.等比数列A .62B . 92 C .152 D .122【知识点】等比数列;积得导数公式. D3 B11 【答案】【解析】D 解析:因为182,4a a ==,又()()()()()()128128()f x x a x a x a x x a x a x a ''=---+---⎡⎤⎣⎦所以()441212818(0)82f a a a a a '====,故选D.【思路点拨】根据积得导数公式求解. 【题文】6.经过双曲线:的右焦点的直线与双曲线交于两点A,B ,若AB=4,则这样的直线有几条A .4条B .3条C .2条D .1条【知识点】直线与双曲线. H6 H8【答案】【解析】B 解析:因为AB=4而双曲线的实轴长是4,所以直线AB 为x 轴时成立,即端点在双曲线两支上的线段AB 只有一条,另外端点在双曲线右支上的线段AB 还有两条,所以满足条件得直线有三条.【思路点拨】设出过焦点的直线方程,代入双曲线方程,由弦长公式求得满足条件得直线条数.【题文】7.设函数,则A .在单调递增B .在单调递减 C .在单调递增 D .在单调递增【知识点】两角和与差的三角函数;函数的周期性;奇偶性;单调性. C5 C4【答案】【解析】D解析:())4f x x πωϕ=+-,因为T π=,所以2ω=,又因为()(),2f x f x πϕ-=<,所以4πϕ=,所以()f x x =,经检验在单调递增,故选 D.【思路点拨】根据已知条件求得函数()f x x ,然后逐项检验各选项的正误. 【题文】8.某产品的广告费用x 与销售额y 的统计数据如下表:根据下表可得回归方程中的b =10.6,据此模型预报广告费用为10万元时销售额为A . 112.1万元B .113.1万元C .111.9万元D .113.9万元 【知识点】变量的相关性;回归直线方程的性质与应用. I4【答案】【解析】C 解析:把样本中心点(7,432)代入回归方程得 5.9a =,所以广告费用为10万元时销售额为10.610 5.9111.9⨯+=(万元),故选C.【思路点拨】根据回归方程过样本中心点得a 值,从而求得广告费用为10万元时销售额.【题文】9.椭圆C的两个焦点分别是F1,F2若C上的点P 满足,则椭圆C的离心率e的取值范围是【知识点】椭圆的性质. H5【答案】【解析】C 解析:∵12233,2PF F F c==∴223PF a c=-,由三角形中,两边之和大于第三边得232311 223342c c a c cc a c c a+≥-⎧⇒≤≤⎨+-≥⎩,故选C.【思路点拨】利用椭圆定义,三角形的三边关系,椭圆离心率计算公式求得结论. 【题文】10.已知直三棱柱,的各顶点都在球O的球面上,且,若球O 的体积为,则这个直三棱柱的体积等于【知识点】几何体的结构;球的体积公式;柱体的体积公式. G1【答案】【解析】B 解析:由球的体积公式得球的半径R= AB=AC=1,ABC是顶角是120°的等腰三角形,其外接圆半径r=1,所以球心到三棱柱底面的距离为2,所以此三棱柱的体积为111sin12042⨯⨯⨯⨯=B.【思路点拨】本题重点是求三棱锥的高,而此高是球心到三棱柱底面距离h的二倍,根据此组合体的结构,球半径R,△ABC的外接圆半径r及h构成直角三角形,由此求得结果. 【题文】11.在棱长为1的正方体中,着点P是棱上一点,则满足的点P的个数为A .4B .6C .8D .12【知识点】几何体中的距离求法. G11【答案】【解析】 B 解析:若点P 在棱AD 上,设AP=x ,则()222212CP PD DC x =+=-+,所以2x =,解得12x =,同理点P 可以是棱,,,,AB AA C C C B C D ''''''的中点,显然点P 不能在另外六条棱上,故选B.【思路点拨】构建方程,通过方程的解求得点P 的个数. 【题文】12.定义在实数集R 上的函数的图像是连续不断的,若对任意实数x ,存在实常数t 使得恒成立,则称是一个“关于£函数”.有下列“关于t 函数”的结论:①()0f x =是常数函数中唯一一个“关于t 函数”;②“关于12函数”至少有一个零点;③2()f x x =是一个“关于t 函数”.其中正确结论的个数是 A .1B .2C .3D .0【知识点】函数中的新概念问题;函数的性质及应用. B1【答案】【解析】A 解析:①不正确,()0f x c =≠,取t= -1则f(x-1)-f(x)=c-c=0,即()0f x c =≠是一个“关于-1函数”; ②正确,若f(x)是“关于12函数”,则11()()022f x f x ++=,取x=0,则1()(0)02f f +=,若1(),(0)2f f 任意一个为0,则函数f(x)有零点,若1(),(0)2f f 均不为0,则1(),(0)2f f 异号,由零点存在性定理知在10,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭内存在零点;③不正确,若2()f x x =是一个“关于t 函数”,则22()x t tx +=-()22120t x tx t ⇒+++=恒成立,则210200t t t ⎧+=⎪=⎨⎪=⎩所以t 不存在. 故选A.【思路点拨】举例说明①不正确;由函数零点存在性定理及新定义说明②正确;把2()f x x =代入新定义得t 不存在,所以③不正确.【典例剖析】本小题是新概念问题,解决这类题的关键是准确理解新概念的定义,并正确利用新概念分析问题.【题文】第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共90分)【题文】二、填空题(本题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分。
河北衡水中学高三上学期期中考试数学理试题
2013~2014学年度上学期期中考试 高三年级数学(理科)试卷本试卷分为第I 卷(选择题)和第II 卷(非选择题)两部分.满分150分.考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)一、选择题:(本题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分,在四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的)1.平面向量a 与b 的夹角为60°,(2,0),1,==a b 则2+=a b ( ) (A(B)(C )4 (D )122.若集合{}{}2540;1,A x x x B x x a =-+=-<<则“(2,3)a ∈”是“B A ⊆”的( ) (A )充分不必要条件 (B )必要不充分条件(C )充要条件(D )既不充分也不必要条件3.已知平面向量,m n u r r 的夹角为,6π2,3==,在ABC ∆中,22AB m n =+uu u r u r r ,26AC m n =-uuu r u r r,D 为BC 中点,则AD =( )A.2B.4C.6D.84.某几何体的三视图如右图(其中侧视图中的圆弧是半圆), 则该几何体的表面积为( ) (A )9214+π (B )8214+π (C )9224+π (D )8224+π5.已知等差数列{}n a 中,37101140,4a a a a a +-=-=,记12n n S a a a =+++L ,S 13=( ) A .78B .68C .56D .526.已知双曲线22221x y a b-= (0,0)a b >>的左、右焦点分别为12,F F ,以12||F F 为直径的圆与双曲线渐近线的一个交点为(3,4),则此双曲线的方程为( )A .221169x y -= B .22134x y -= C .221916x y -= D .22143x y -=侧视正视图俯视图7.在△ABC 中,角,,A B C 所对的边分别为,,a b c ,且满足sin cos a B b A =,则2sin cos B C -的最大值是( )A .1 B. 3 C. 7 D. 278.若函数1()e (0,)ax f x a b b=->>0的图象在0x =处的切线与圆221x y +=相切,则a b +的最大值是( ) (A )4 (B )22(C )2 (D )29. 在椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b+=>>中,12,F F 分别是其左右焦点,若椭圆上存在一点P 使得122PF PF =,则该椭圆离心率的取值范围是( )A .1,13⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭B .1,13⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭ C .10,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭D .10,3⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦10.已知A 、B 、C 是球O 的球面上三点,三棱锥O ﹣ABC 的高为2且∠ABC=60°,AB=2,BC=4,则球O 的表面积为( )A .24π B. 32π C. 48π D. 192π11.已知定义在R 上的函数()y f x =对任意的x 都满足(1)()f x f x +=-,当11x -≤< 时,3()f x x =,若函数()()log a g x f x x =-至少6个零点,则a 取值范围是( )(A )10,5,5+∞U (]() (B )10,[5,5+∞U ()) (C )11,]5,775U (() (D )11,[5,775U ())12.对于定义域为D 的函数()y f x =和常数c ,若对任意正实数ξ,,x D ∃∈使得0|()|f x c ξ<-<恒成立,则称函数()y f x =为“敛c 函数”.现给出如下函数: ①()()f x x x Z =∈; ②()()112xf x x Z ⎛⎫=+∈ ⎪⎝⎭;③ ()2log f x x =; ④()1x f x x -=.其中为“敛1函数”的有A .①②B .③④C . ②③④D .①②③Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (共90分)二、填空题(本题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分. 把每小题的答案填在答题纸的相应位置)13. 过点(1,1)-的直线与圆2224110x y x y +---=截得的弦长为43,则该直线的方程为 。
衡水中学2015届高三上学期期中考试修改版
河北省衡水中学2015届高三上学期期中考试阅读理解AMy father had always been an alert observer of human character. Within seconds of meeting someone, he could sum up their strengths and weaknesses. It was always a challenge to see if any of my boyfriends could pass Dad’s test. None did. Dad was always right---they didn’t pass my test either. After Dad died, I wondered how I’d figure it out on my own.That’s when Jack arrived on the scene.He was different from any other guy I’d dated. He could sit for hours on the piano bench with my mother, discussing some composers. My brother Rick loudly announced that Jack wasn’t a turkey like the other guys I’d brought home. Jack passed my family’s te st. But what about Dad’s?Then came my mother’s birthday. The day he was supposed to drive, I got a call. “Don’t worry,” he said, “but I’ve been in an accident. I’m fine, but I need you to pick me up.”When I got there, we rushed to a flower shop for somet hing for Mom. “How about gardenias?” Jack said, pointing at a beautiful white corsage(胸花). The florist put the corsage in a box.The entire ride, Jack was unusually quiet. “Are you all right?” I asked. “I’ve been doing a lot of thinking,” he said. “I might be moving.” Moving? Then he added, “Moving in with you.” I nearly put the car on the sidewalk. “What?” I asked. “I think we should get married,” he said. He told me he’d planned his proposal in a fancy restaurant, but after the accident, he decided to do it right away. “Yes,” I whispered. We both sat dumbfounded, tears running down our cheeks. I’d never known such a tender moment. If only Dad were here to give his final approval.“Oh, let’s just go inside.” Jack laughed. My mother opened the door. “Happy Birthday!” we shouted. Jack handed the box to her. She opened it up. Suddenly, her eyes were filled with tears. “Mom, what’s wrong?” I asked. “I’m sorry,” she said, wiping her eyes. “This is only the second gardenia corsage I’ve ever received. I was given o ne years ago, long before you kids were born.” “From who?” I asked. “Your father,” Mom said. “He gave me one right before we were engaged.” My eyes locked on Jack’s as I blinked away(眨掉) tears. Dad’s test? I knew Jack had passed.21. According to the text, we know the writer’s father was __________.A. interested in observing things aroundB. good at judging one’s characterC. strict with her boyfriendD. fond of challenges22. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Jack got the family’s approval except Dad’s.B. Jack was different from any other boy.C. Jack was getting on well with Mother.D. Jack knew a lot about piano.23. The underlined word “proposal” in Paragraph 5 means __________.A. piece of adviceB. wedding ceremonyC. celebration of birthdayD. offer of marriage24. On hearing “moving in with you”, the writer felt _________.A. pleasedB. worriedC. surprisedD. disappointedWASHINGTON—Laura Straub is a very worried woman. Her job is to find families for foreign teenagers who expect to live with American families in the summer.It is not easy, even desperate.“We have many children left to place—40 out of 75,” said Straub, who works f or a foreign exchange programme called LEC.When foreign exchange programmes started 50 years ago, more families were accommodating. For one thing, more mothers stayed at home. But now, increasing numbers of women work outside the home. Exchange-student programmes have struggled in recent years to sign up host families for the 30, 000 teenagers who come from abroad every year to spend an academic year in the United States, as well as the thousands more who take part in summer programmes.School systems in many parts of the U.S., unhappy about accepting non-taxpaying students, have also strictly limited the number of exchange students they accept. At the same time, the idea of hosting foreign students is becoming less exotic(有异国情调的).In search for host families, who usually receive no pay, exchange programmes are increasingly broadening their requests to include everyone from young couples to the retired.“We are open to many different types of families,” said Vickie Weiner, eastern regional director for ASSE, a 25-year-old programme that sends about 30,000 teenagers on academic-year exchange programmes worldwide.For elderly people, exchange students “keep us young—they really do”, said Jen Foster, who is hosting 16-year-old Nina Post from Denmark.25. Viekie Weiner is the person who ____.A. works for a programme called LECB. works for a programme called ASSEC. is 25 years oldD. hosts foreign students.26. According to the text, why was it easier for Laura Straub to find American families for foreign students?A.American school systems were better than now.B.The government was happy because it could gain tax.C.Foreign students paid hosting families a lot of money.D.More mothers didn’t work outside and could look after children.27. To deal with the problem in recent years, exchange programmes have to ______.A.extend the range of host families B.limit the number of the exchange students C.borrow much money to pay for the costs D.make hosting foreign students more exotic28. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A. Exchange Students Keep Old People Young.B. Idea of Hosting Students is Different.C. Foreign-exchange Program Is Going on. D U.S. Struggle to Find host Families.Last year, A Bite of China, made by CCTVs Documentary Channel, sparked discussion not only on Chinese food, but also on locally made documentary programs.When you think of documentaries, you may think of them as long, boring programs. But documentaries can be wonderful and bring stories from the real world into our homes. With fascinating footage(影片片段)and stories, documentaries encourage us to think about interesting issues we wouldn’t necessarily know about.So, what makes a good documentary, and what should we pay attention to when we watch one? Here, we offer a few easy strategies to help you get the most out of watching documentaries.Pay attention to the themesWhile watching a documentary, keep your eyes and ears peeled for the themes people talk about and what ideas they focus on. Is it meant to be informative or raise a certain emotional response?Think criticallyListen to what the people in the documentary are saying and ask yourself the following questions: If you were debating with someone or introducing a new concept, would you say the things the people in the documentary are saying? Do the arguments make sense?Check the sourcesIf you’re sitting at the computer and can’t think of anything to do, why not look up the points the documentary made and see if they are accurate? You could even read more about what is presented in the documentary.Who are the creators?The creators or financial backers of a film will usually be involved with how the subject matter is presented. For instance, a s the documentary 2016: Obama’s America was directed in large part by a conservative writer, it’s not surprising that it’s critical of President Obama from the beginning.29. Which of the following is the most proper to describe documentaries?A. non-fictionalB. controversialC. subjectiveD. thoughtful30. The passage is mainly written to ______.A. inform us of factors of good documentaries.B. help us enjoy documentaries better.C. introduce ways of making documentaries.D. help us figure out themes of documentaries.31. Why is 2016: Obama’s America mentioned in the article?A. Because the author dislikes Obama.B. Because it is directed by a writer.C. Because it is quite popular in China.D. Because it is a persuasive example.32. According to the passage, ______.A. it is always difficult to get the themes of documentaries.B. financial backers often appear in documentaries.C. it’s better to think twice about what is in documentaries.D. many points of documentaries are not accurate.DWhen it comes to success in business and success in life, there are few qualities as important as confidence.People naturally have different levels of confidence.Some have a higher level of confidence than others do, but even those whose confidence is lacking can learn to build their level of confidence and reach their most important goals.Increasing self confidence is one of the most common reasons people give for seeking the help of psychologists and other professionals.One of the many places where a greater level of confidence is useful is in the workplace.We all know how difficult it can be, for instance, to ask the boss for a raise.This process can be extremely difficult for those who lack confidence in their own abilities.After all, if you are unsure about your own abilities, how will you ever convince your boss that you deserve more money for the work you do?Even if you are not asking for that big raise, having plenty of confidence in your abilities is important to success.If you are certain of your abilities, chances are that those around you, whether they are your coworkers, your colleagues or your superiors, will see that confidence, and that will help to assure them that you aree the best at what you do.Having a high level of confidence, after all, does not mean overlooking the places where you could improve.Knowing what you do well and where you need help will help you enjoy increased success and confidence.33.What is the passage mainly about?A.The influence of confidence on one's life.B.The difference of people's confidence..C.The importance of confidence to successD.The judgment on one's confidence.34.Psychologists and other professionals can offer help to those ______.A.who dream to be recognized expertsB.who expect to give guidance to othersC.who want to ask the boss for a raiseD.who think their goals are hard to reach35.What does the underlined word "indispensable" in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A.outgoing B.attractive C.important D.energetic 36.What message does the author want to convey(传递)in the last paragraph?A.To overlook one's disadvantages.B.To make full use of one's advantages.C.To have great confidence in one's abilities.D.To make objective evaluations of one's abilities七选五1. What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More RespectAs teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition(过渡) into adulthood has begun. With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits are not yet accepted as a way of life. 36 By doing the following things, you will earn more respect.Contribute to the householdAt the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up. 37 All chores that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that you’re old enough and capable, why shouldn’t you contribute to the household? 38Be responsible39 Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework , or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase.3. Solve more of your own problem without asking for helpInstead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first. The “easy way ” is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems. 40 When you become a good problem solver, you increase your valve to the community.A. Everyone has certain responsibilities.B. By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner.C. The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help.D. This includes. But is not limited to, your dishes and your room.E. It will make your life more pleasant.F. Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline.G. When speaking to a group, speak loud enough.Once many years ago, I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming. Last week I __41___ a telephone call from a woman who could not stop __42___ as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide. In closing she called me a __43___.That __44___ me thinking about what a hero is. Was I a hero __45___ I pulled a family from a burning car? If so, how could I be a hero just because I __46___ a story that saved someone's life?Today I decided to look up the word "hero" in the dictionary to see __47___ what it meant. It __48___ "a person who does something brave". As I read on, it also said "a person who is good and noble ".That statement __49___ me more than the part about being __50___. So I thought about something very important. Say I was walking into the local Wal-Mart Store and I __51___ to open, and hold the door for someone as a courtesy. As they passed me by, I say, "How are you today?" Most of the time that would be no big deal, __52___this time let's say it was for someone who was deeply __53___ and near the end of the rope. That may have very well been the only kindness or courtesy shown to them in a very long time.Having been near "the end of my rope", after my marriage of twenty years ended, I was in such a condition. I was within hours trying to get enough __54___ to end the pain and misery. When I returned home, someone had __55___ me a card in the mail which told me how __56___ they would appreciate me as a friend. That wonderful card probably saved my life. That person, without even knowing it, saved a life and became a hero.Similarly many children come out of the orphanages__57___ a very hard and bitter attitude against the world, but the gifts we send them let them know that they have not been forgotten. __58___ , most of them will never hurt anyone because of the __59___ shown to them by those of us who cared. If it __60___ , we will also become “heroes”.41. A. made B. received C. gave D. accepted42. A. crying B. laughing C. thinking D. talking43. A. writer B. player C. gentleman D. hero44. A. helped B. let C. got D. made45. A. while B. if C. though D. because46. A. said B. wrote C. made D. recalled47. A. exactly B. easily C. directly D. obviously48. A. wrote B. told C. read D. described49. A. helped B. gave C. touched D. impressed50. A. brave B. good C. kind D. noble51. A. happened B. wanted C. intended D. meant52. A. though B. since C. because D. but53. A. depressed B. excited C. moved D. frightened54. A. money B. energy C. ability D. courage55. A. sent B. carried C. brought D. took56. A. deeply B. completely C. well D. much57. A. without B. for C. with D. within58. A. Hopefully B. However C. Besides D. Unfortunately59. A. luck B. respect C. confidence D. kindness60. A. matters B. works C. acts D. doesWere you the first or the last child in your family? Or were you a middle or an only child? Some people think 61.__________ matters where you were born in your family. But there are different ideas about what birth order means. Some people say that oldest children, 62.___________ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely 63.__________ (succeed). The reason 64.___________ this is simple. Parents have a lot of time for their first child and give him or her a lot of attention. An only child will succeed for 65.____________ same reason. What happens to the 66._____________ children in the family? Middle children don't get so much attention, so they don't feel that important. If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, 67.____________, often gets special treatment. Often this child grows up to be funny. But a recent study saw things quite 68.____________ (difference). The study found that first children believed in family rules. They didn't take many chances in 69.___________ lives. They usually 70._____________ (follow) orders. Rules didn't mean as much to later children in the family. They took chances and they often did better in life.短文改错My niece Mary is a Senior 3 student, who devoted herself to her lessons every day. Last Saturday, as usual, she went to several class. In the evening, she continued to study at home until deeply into the night. She was too sleepy and tired that she couldn’t work effectively. In Sunday morning, she was about to do her lessons while her father came up and advised her take a break. Soon they came up a good idea. They decided to go cycling in the countryside. Mary enjoyed herself, competing and chatting with her father, and felt relaxing in the open air. On the Monday,Mary was energetic but active in class. She spent the whole day in the countryside, and Mary said what she had done was worthwhile.第二节:书面表达(满分25分)假设你是李华,你上周刚刚参加了你校举办的第十届英语演讲比赛,并从三十名选手中脱颖而出,荣获“十佳奖”。
河北省衡水市2015 -2016学年度第一学期期末试卷(衡水中学使用)高三理科数学分析
某某省某某市2015 -2016学年度第一学期期末试卷(某某中学使用)高三理科数学分析一、试卷整体分析说明从整体分析,某某中学高三上学期七调考试数学(理)试题(以下简称“某某七调”)总体而言完全符合2015年新课标一数学考试说明的要求,同时延续了新课标Ⅰ数学高考改革方向和特点,即以中等难度的题目为主,并注重对数学基础知识的考查,试题考察点既全面又突出重点,是一份很成功的试卷。
(一)注重对基础知识和基本概念的考查.某某七调理科卷的第1题考查集合,第2题考查复数,第3题考查数列,第4题考查三角函数,第5题考查程序框图,第6题考查二项式定理,第7题考查正、余弦定理,第8题考查三视图,第9题考查向量,第10题考查外切球问题,第11题考查双曲线,第12题考查函数性质,第13题考查二项式定理,第14题考查正态分布,第15题考查圆的方程。
.第17题的立体几何题出现求最值X试题,基础部分的分值达到118分左右,考查到了学生基本概念的掌握,有助于引导学生备考复习.(二)注重对知识本质理解的考查.第9题对判断三角形形状考查,学生可能记住判断三角形的结论,必须从条件出发分解向量,逐步变形,得到结论.第16题考查了不等式的解集问题也是如此,如果学生在备考这类题目中只注重计算而不注重理解概念的本质原理,就会无从下手.此题必须会根据不等式形式构造函数,用导数解决解集问题。
掌握最本质的方法是以不变应万变的硬道理(三)试卷在平稳中有创新,让人眼前一亮.第19题概率、统计跟以往风格也有所不同,题目并没只考概率、期望、方差,而是侧重考查学生独立性检验与几何概型,在前两问的基础上易得出第三问的结论。
(四)一些值得商榷的地方1.对于一些知识点的考查略显不足.如对基本不等式、线性规划、命题与简易逻辑、二项分布等知识点的考查略显不足.2.第6题与第13题均考查了多项式的展开问题,属于考查重复;3.对于存在性问题与恒成立问题的涉及较多.4.选择题和填空题最后一题均以函数与导数的综合应用为背景,对于难点问题的处理过于集中在同一知识点上.二、亮点试题分析本套试题注重知识点的综合运用,比较典型的题目有7、9、11、17、19、20题等.其中第6、9、11、12、16、19、20、21题容易出错.【考试原题】16.()f x 是定义在R 上的函数,其导函数为()'f x ,若()()'1f x f x -<,()02016f =,则不等式()20151x f x e >⋅+(其中e 为自然对数的底数)的解集为.【解析】【考查方向】本题主要考查了导数及其应用、构造辅助函数.【易错点】无法联系已知条件和结论,构造辅助函数,从而解决问题受阻. 【解题思路】()()'1f x f x -<和()20151xf x e >⋅+构造新函数()()1x f xg x e -=.()g x 的单调性,结合原函数的性质和函数值即可求解.【解析】设()()1x f x g x e -=,(x ∈R ), 则()()1()xf x f xg x e '+-'= ∵()()'1f x f x -<,∴()()'10f x f x +->∴()0g x '>,∴y =g (x )在定义域上单调递增, ∵()20151xf x e >⋅+,∴g (x )>2015, 又∵0(0)1(0)2015f g e -==, ∴g (x )>g (0),∴x >0.∴不等式()20151xf x e >⋅+的解集为(0, +∞).【举一反三】【相似易错试题】2015年新课标Ⅱ高考题第12题设函数'()f x 是奇函数()()f x x R ∈的导函数,(1)0f -=,当0x >时,'()()0xf x f x -<,则使得()0f x >成立的x 的取值X 围是( ) A .(,1)(0,1)-∞- B .(1,0)(1,)-+∞ C .(,1)(1,0)-∞--D .(0,1)(1,)+∞【解析】试题分析:记函数()()f x g x x=,则''2()()()xf x f x g x x -=,因为当0x >时,'()()0xf x f x -<,故当0x >时,'()0g x <,所以()g x 在(0,)+∞单调递减;又因为函数()()f x x R ∈是奇函数,故函数()g x 是偶函数,所以()g x 在(,0)-∞单调递减,且(1)(1)0g g -==.当01x <<时,()0g x >,则()0f x >;当1x <-时,()0g x <,则()0f x >,综上所述,使得()0f x >成立的x 的取值X 围是(,1)(0,1)-∞-,故选A .【答案】A【考试原题】()2222:10x y C a bb +=>>的离心率为12,以原点为圆心,椭圆的短半轴长120+=相切.(1)求椭圆C 的方程;(2)设()4,0A -,过点()3,0R 作与x 轴不重合的直线l 交椭圆C 于,P Q 两点,连接,AP AQ 分别交直线163x =于,M N 两点,若直线,MR NR 的斜率分别为12,k k ,试问:12k k 是否为定值?若是,求出该定值,若不是,请说明理由. 【考查方向】考查直线与圆锥曲线的综合应用;定值问题.【易错点】无法建立12,k k 之间的关系,计算能力不过关,无法看出几何图形之间的关系. 【解题思路】1.由已知条件求出椭圆C 的方程.2.设P (x 1,y 1),Q (x 2,y 2),设直线PQ :x=my+3,与椭圆方程联立,得(3m 2+4)y 2+18my-21=0,由此利用韦达定理结合已知条件能求出直线MR 、NR 的斜率为定值.【解析】(1)由题意得2221242c a a b b c a b c ⎧=⎪=⎧⎪⎪=∴=⎨⎪=⎩⎪=+⎪⎩C 的方程为2211612x y += (2)设()()1122,,,P x y Q x y ,直线PQ 的方程为3x my =+,由2216123x y x my ⎧+⎪⎨⎪=+⎩,()223418210m y my ∴++-=,1221834m y y m -∴+=+,1222134y y m -=+,由,,A P M 三点共线可知()1111281643443M M y y y y x x =∴=+++, 同理可得()222834N y y x =+,所以()()121212916161649443333N M N M y y y y y y k k x x =⨯==++-- ()()()()()2121212124477749x x my my m y y m y y ++=++=+++()12122121216127497y y k k m y y m y y ∴==-+++【举一反三】【相似易错试题】2014年某某(理科)高考题第20题如图,已知双曲线C :x 2a2-y 2=1(a >0)的右焦点F ,点A ,B 分别在C 的两条渐近线上,AF⊥x 轴,AB ⊥OB ,BF ∥OA (O 为坐标原点).(1)求双曲线C 的方程;(2)过C 上一点P (x 0,y 0)(y 0≠0)的直线l :x 0x a 2-yy =1与直线AF 相交于点M ,与直线x=32相交于点N ,证明:当点P 在C 上移动时,|MF ||NF |恒为定值,并求此定值. 【解析】(1)设F (c,0),因为b =1,所以c =a 2+1,直线OB 的方程为y =-1a x ,直线BF 的方程为y =1a (x -c ),解得B ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫c 2,-c 2a .又直线OA 的方程为y =1ax ,则A ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫c ,c a ,k AB =c a -⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-c 2a c -c 2=3a .又因为AB ⊥OB ,所以3a ·⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-1a =-1,解得a 2=3,故双曲线C 的方程为x 23-y 2=1.(2)由(1)知a =3,则直线l 的方程为x 0x3-y 0y =1(y 0≠0),即y =x 0x -33y 0.因为直线AF 的方程为x =2,所以直线l 与AF 的交点M ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2,2x 0-33y 0; 直线l 与直线x =32的交点为N ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫32,32x 0-33y 0. 则|MF |2|NF |2=2x 0-323y 0214+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫32x 0-323y 02=2x 0-329y 204+94x 0-22=43·2x 0-323y 20+3x 0-22,因为P (x 0,y 0)是C 上一点,则x 203-y 20=1,代入上式得|MF |2|NF |2=43·2x 0-32x 20-3+3x 0-22=43·2x 0-324x 20-12x 0+9=43.所求定值为|MF ||NF |=23=233. 【考试原题】17.(本小题满分12分)已知数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,向量a= (S n ,1),b= (2n — 1,21),满足条件a ∥b, (1)求数列{a n }的通项公式, (2)设函数f(x)= (21)x,数列{b n }满足条件b 1=1,f(b n+1) =)1(1--n b f .①求数列{bn}的通项公式,②设 =n nab ,求数列{ }的前n 项和Tn.【考查方向】数列的通项公式和求和 【易错点】1、利用定义求通项公式 2、第二问中错位相减法计算的准确性;【解题思路】(1)利用12nn n n a S S -=-=求出通项(2)①利用11()(1)n n f b f b +=--得到11n n b b ++=,利用定义求出通项公式;②利用错位相减法求出前n 项和【解析】(1)∵a //b∴1121222n n n n S S +=-⇒=- 当1n =时,2n a =当2n ≥时,12;nn n n a S S -=-= ∴2nn a =(2)①∵1()2xf x ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,11()(1)n nf b f b +=--∴1111212n nb b +--⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,即111122n nb b ++⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭∴11n n b b ++=,即{}n b 是以1为首项,1为公差的等差数列,n b n =②2n n n n b n c a ==,1231232222n n n T =+++⋅⋅⋅ 2341112322222n n n T +=+++⋅⋅⋅ ∴222n n n T +=-【举一反三】【相似易错试题】2015年新课标Ⅰ(理科)高考题第17题n S 为数列{n a n a >0,2nn a a +=43n S +. (Ⅰ)求{n a }的通项公式: (Ⅱ)设,求数列}的前n 项和【解析】(Ⅰ)当1n =时,211112434+3a a S a +=+=,因为0n a >,所以1a =3, 当2n ≥时,2211n n n n a a a a --+--=14343n n S S -+--=4n a ,即111()()2()n n n n n n a a a a a a ---+-=+,因为0n a >,所以1n n a a --=2,所以数列{n a }是首项为3,公差为2的等差数列, 所以n a =21n +;(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知,n b =1111()(21)(23)22123n n n n =-++++,所以数列{n b }前n 项和为12n b b b +++=1111111[()()()]235572123n n -+-++-++ =11646n -+. 【考点】数列前n 项和与第n 项的关系;等差数列定义与通项公式;拆项消去法 【考试原题】18.(本小题满分12分)如图,在四棱锥S —ABCD 中,底面ABCD 是直角梯形,侧棱SA 丄底面ABCD ,AB 垂直于AD 和BC ,SA=AB = BC=2,AD = 1.M 是棱SB 的中点.(1)求证:AM//平面SCD,(2)求平面SCD 与平面SAB 所成的二面角的余弦值, 【考查方向】用空间向量求平面间的夹角;直线与平面平行的判定;直线与平面所成的角;二面角的平面角及求法.菁优网所有 【易错点】1、利用定义求通项公式 2、第二问中错位相减法计算的准确性;【解题思路】建立空间直角坐标系利用平面SCD 的法向量即可证明AM∥平面SCD 、平面SCD 与平面SAB 的法向量的夹角求出二面角、线面角的夹角公式、二次函数的单调性是解题的关键.【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)通过建立空间直角坐标系,利用平面SCD的法向量即可证明AM∥平面SCD;(Ⅱ)分别求出平面SCD与平面SAB的法向量,利用法向量的夹角即可得出;(Ⅲ)利用线面角的夹角公式即可得出表达式,进而利用二次函数的单调性即可得出.解:(Ⅰ)以点A为原点建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系,则A(0,0,0),B(0,2,0),D(1,0,0,),S(0,0,2),M(0,1,1).则,,.设平面SCD的法向量是,则,即令z=1,则x=2,y=﹣1.于是.∵,∴.又∵AM⊄平面SCD,∴AM∥平面SCD.(Ⅱ)易知平面SAB的法向量为.设平面SCD与平面SAB所成的二面角为α,则==,即.∴平面SCD与平面SAB所成二面角的余弦值为.【举一反三#】【相似易错试题】2015年新课标Ⅰ(理科)高考题第18题如图,四边形ABCD为菱形,∠ABC=120°,E,F是平面ABCD同一侧的两点,BE⊥平面ABCD,DF⊥平面ABCD,BE=2DF,AE⊥EC.(1)证明:平面AEC ⊥平面AFC ;(2)求直线AE 与直线CF 所成角的余弦值.【解析】(1)如图,连接BD ,设BD ∩AC =G ,连接EG ,FG ,EF . 在菱形ABCD 中,不妨设GB =1. 由∠ABC =120°,可得AG =GC = 3.由BE ⊥平面ABCD ,AB =BC ,可知AE =EC .又AE ⊥EC ,所以EG =3,且EG ⊥AC . 在Rt △EBG 中,可得BE =2,故DF =22.在Rt △FDG 中,可得FG =62. 在直角梯形BDFE 中,由BD =2,BE =2,DF =22,可得EF =322.从而EG 2+FG 2=EF 2,所以EG ⊥FG . 又AC ∩FG =G ,所以EG ⊥平面AFC .因为EG ⊂平面AEC ,所以平面AEC ⊥平面AFC .(2)如图,以G 为坐标原点,分别以GB →,GC →的方向为x 轴,y 轴正方向,|GB →|为单位长度,建立空间直角坐标系G xyz .由(1)可得A (0,-3,0),E (1,0,2),F ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎪⎫-1,0,22,C (0,3,0),所以AE →=(1,3,2),CF →=⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎪⎫-1,-3,22.故cos 〈AE →,CF →〉=AE →·CF→|AE →||CF →|=-33.所以直线AE 与直线CF 所成角的余弦值为33.三、与新课标全国卷Ⅰ理科卷的比较某某七调与新课标全国卷Ⅰ在考试的题型结构、考查方向和新课标Ⅰ出题方向一致,但在考查侧重方面存在不同.具体体现在以下几个方面: (1)考查题型、出题模式一致“12个选择+4个填空+6个解答(含三选一)”的标准新课标全国卷Ⅰ模式. (2)考查考试原则、难度一致与新课标全国卷Ⅰ相对比,选择题,填空题难度仍然设置在最后,尤其以选择题12题,填空题16题,解答题21题为代表,有的学生平时此类型的题目见得少,需要在考场紧X 的状态下独立解决,这考查了学生在压力状态下分析,解决问题的能力。
河北省衡水中学2015届高三第一次模拟考试-数学理试题-Word版包含答案
2014~2015学年度第二学期高三年级一模考试数学(理科)试卷(A 卷)本试卷分为第I 卷(选择题)和第II 卷(非选择题)两部分.满分150分.考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)一、选择题:(本题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分,在四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的)1.设全集为实数集R ,{}{}24,13M x x N x x =>=<≤,则图中阴影部分表示的集合是( )A .{}21x x -≤< B .{}22x x -≤≤C .{}12x x <≤ D .{}2x x < 2.设,a R i ∈是虚数单位,则“1a =”是“a ia i+-为纯虚数”的( ) A.充分不必要条件 B.必要不充分条件 C.充要条件 D.既不充分又不必要条件3.若{}n a 是等差数列,首项10,a >201120120a a +>,201120120a a ⋅<,则使前n 项和0n S >成立的最大正整数n 是( )A .2011B .2012C .4022D .40234. 在某地区某高传染性病毒流行期间,为了建立指标显示疫情已受控制,以便向该地区居众显示可以过正常生活,有公共卫生专家建议的指标是“连续7天每天新增感染人数不超过5人”,根据连续7天的新增病例数计算,下列各选项中,一定符合上述指标的是( ) ①平均数3x ≤;②标准差2S ≤;③平均数3x ≤且标准差2S ≤; ④平均数3x ≤且极差小于或等于2;⑤众数等于1且极差小于或等于1。
A .①②B .③④C .③④⑤D .④⑤5.在长方体ABCD —A 1B 1C 1D 1中,对角线B 1D 与平面A 1BC 1相交于点E ,则点E 为△A 1BC 1的( )A .垂心B .内心C .外心D .重心6.设y x ,满足约束条件⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥≥+-≤--,0,,02,063y x y x y x 若目标函数y b ax z +=)0,(>b a 的最大值是12,则22a b +的最小值是( )A .613 B . 365 C .65 D .36137.已知三棱锥的三视图如图所示,则它的外接球表面积为( )A .16πB .4πC .8πD .2π8.已知函数()2sin()f x x =+ωϕ(0,)ω>-π<ϕ<π图像的一部分(如图所示),则ω与ϕ的值分别为( )A .115,106π- B .21,3π-C .7,106π-D .4,53π- 9. 双曲线C 的左右焦点分别为12,F F ,且2F 恰为抛物线24y x =的焦点,设双曲线C 与该抛物线的一个交点为A ,若12AF F ∆是以1AF 为底边的等腰三角形,则双曲线C 的离心率为( )AB.1C.1D.2+10. 已知函数)(x f 是定义在R 上的奇函数,若对于任意给定的不等实数12,x x ,不等式)()()()(12212211x f x x f x x f x x f x +<+恒成立,则不等式0)1(<-x f 的解集为( )A. )0,(-∞B. ()+∞,0C. )1,(-∞D. ()+∞,111.已知圆的方程422=+y x ,若抛物线过点A (0,-1),B (0,1)且以圆的切线为准线,则抛物线的焦点轨迹方程是( )A.x 23+y 24=1(y ≠0)B.x 24+y 23=1(y ≠0)C.x 23+y 24=1(x ≠0) D.x 24+y 23=1 (x ≠0) 12. 设()f x 是定义在R 上的函数,若(0)2008f = ,且对任意x ∈R ,满足 (2)()32x f x f x +-≤⋅,(6)()632x f x f x +-≥⋅,则)2008(f =( )1A.200722006+ B .200622008+ C .200722008+ D .200822006+第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (共90分)二、填空题(本题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分. 把每小题的答案填在答题纸的相应位置)13.在区间[-6,6],内任取一个元素x O ,若抛物线y=x 2在x=x o 处的切线的倾角为α,则3,44ππα⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦的概率为 。
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河北衡水中学2015届高三上学期第五次调研考试数学理试题 Word版含答案
河北衡水中学第五次调研考试【试卷综析】本试卷是高三理科试卷,以基础知识和基本能力为载体,,在注重考查学科核心知识的同时,突出考查考纲要求的基本能力,试题重点考查:集合、不等式、复数、向量、程序框图、导数、数列、三角函数的性质,统计概率等;考查学生解决实际问题的能力。
一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.【题文】1.设集合A={xI-l<x≤2,x∈N},集合B={2,3),则AUB等于A.{2} B.{1,2,3) C.{-1,0,1,2,3)D.{0,1,2,3)【知识点】集合及其运算A1【答案】D【过程】由题意得A={0,1,2},则A⋃B={0,1,2,3)。
【方法】根据题意先求出A,再求出并集。
【题文】2.已知复数1-i=(i为虚数单位),则z等于A.一1+3i B.一1+2i C.1—3i D.1—2i【知识点】复数的基本概念与运算L4【答案】A【过程】由题意得z= 241ii+-=(24)(1)(1)(1)i ii i++-+=-1+3i【方法】化简求出结果。
【题文】3.公比为2的等比数列{an)的各项都是正数,且=16,则a6等于A.1 B.2 C.4 D.8【知识点】等比数列及等比数列前n项和D3【答案】B【过程】由题意可得a72=a4a10=16,又数列的各项都是正数,故a7=4,故a6=72a=2【方法】由题意结合等比数列的性质可得a7=4,由通项公式可得a6.【题文】4某商场在今年端午节的促销活动中,对6月2日9时至14时的销售额进行统计,其频率分布直方图如图所示.已知9时至10时的销售额为3万元,则11时至12时的销售额为A.8万元B.10万元C.12万元D.15万元【知识点】用样本估计总体I2【答案】C【过程】由频率分布直方图得0.4÷0.1=4∴11时至12时的销售额为3×4=12【方法】由频率分布直方图得0.4÷0.1=4,也就是11时至12时的销售额为9时至10时的销售额的4倍.【题文】5.甲:函数,f(x)是R 上的单调递增函数;乙:x1<x2,f(x2)<f(x2),则甲是乙的A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件 【知识点】充分条件、必要条件A2 【答案】A【过程】根据函数单调性的定义可知,若f (x )是 R 上的单调递增函数,则∀x1<x2,f (x1)<f (x2)成立,∴命题乙成立.若:∃x1<x2,f (x1)<f (x2).则不满足函数单调性定义的任意性,∴命题甲不成立.∴甲是乙成立的充分不必要条件.【方法】根据函数单调性的定义和性质,利用充分条件和必要条件的定义进行判断. 【题文】6.运行如图所示的程序,若结束时输出的结果不小于3,则t 的取值范围为 A .t≥ B .t≥c .t ≤ D .t≤【知识点】算法与程序框图L1 【答案】B【过程】第一次执行循环结构:n←0+2,x←2×t ,a←2-1∵n=2<4,∴继续执行循环结构. 第二次执行循环结构:n←2+2,x←2×2t ,a←4-1;∵n=4=4,∴继续执行循环结构, 第三次执行循环结构:n←4+2,x←2×4t ,a←6-3;∵n=6>4,∴应终止循环结构,并输出38t .由于结束时输出的结果不小于3,故38t≥3,即8t≥1,解得t≥18.【方法】第一次执行循环结构:n←0+2,第二次执行循环结构:n←2+2,第三次执行循环结构:n←4+2,此时应终止循环结构.求出相应的x 、a 即可得出结果.【题文】7.为得到函数y=sin(x+)的图象,可将函数.Y=sin x 的图象向左平移m 个单位长度,或向右平移n 个单位长度(m ,n 均为正数),则Im-nI 的最小值是AB c . D .【知识点】函数sin()y A x ωϕ=+的图象与性质C4 【答案】B【过程】由条件可得m=2k1π+3π,n=2k2π+53π(k1、k2∈N ),则|m-n|=|2(k1-k2)π-43π|,易知(k1-k2)=1时,|m-n|min=23π.【方法】依题意得m=2k1π+3π ,n=2k2π+53π(k1、k2∈N ),于是有|m-n|=|2(k1-k2)π-43π|,从而可求得|m-n|的最小值. 【题文】8.已知非零向量=a ,=b ,且BC OA ,c 为垂足,若,则等于【知识点】平面向量基本定理及向量坐标运算F2 【答案】B【过程】由于OC =λa ,根据向量投影的定义,得λ就是向量OB 在向量OA 方向上的投影,即λ=2a ba⋅。
河北省衡水中学2015届高三上学期期中考试数学(理)试题
2014 2015学年度上学期高三年级期中考试数学试卷(理科)第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)一、选择题(每小题5分,共60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的) 1、设集合{|1},{|1}A x x B x x =>-=≥,则“x A ∈且x B ∉”成立的充要条件是( ) A .11x -<≤ B .1x ≤ C .1x >- D .11x -<<2、已知实数1,,9m 成等比数列,则圆锥曲线221x y m-=的离心率为( )A .2 C 2 D .23、已知,m n 为不同的直线,,αβ为不同的平面,则下列说法正确的是( ) A .,////m n m n αα⊂⇒ B .,m n m n αα⊂⊥⇒⊥ C .,,////m n n m αβαβ⊂⊂⇒ D .,n n βααβ⊂⊥⇒⊥4、一个锥体的正视图和侧视图如图所示,下面选项中,不可能是该锥体的俯视图的是( )A B C D 5、要得到函数()cos(2)3f x x π=+的图象,只需将函数()sin(2)3g x x π=+的图象( )A .向左平移2π个单位长度 B .向右平移2π个单位长度 C .向左平移4π个单位长度 D .向右平移4π个单位长度 6、如果把直角三角形的三边都增加同样的长度,则得到的这个新三角形的形状为( ) A .锐角三角形 B .直角三角形 C .钝角三角形 D .由增加的长度决定7、如图所示,医用输液瓶可以视为两个圆柱的组合体,开始输液时,滴管内匀速滴下液体(滴管内液体忽略不计),设输液开始后x 分钟,瓶内 液面与进气管的距离为h 厘米,已知当0x =时,13h =,如果瓶内的药 液恰好156分钟滴完,则函数()h f x =的图象为( )8、已知直线0(0)x y k k +-=>与圆224x y +=交于不同的两点,,A B O 是坐标点,且有OA OB AB +≥ ,那么k 的取值范围是( )A.)+∞ B. C.)+∞ D.9、函数()32423100x x x x f x ex ⎧++≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩,在[]2,2-上的最大值为2,则a 的取值范围是( )A .1ln 2,2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭ B .10,ln 22⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ C .(),0-∞ D .1,ln 22⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦10、抛物线的弦与过弦的断点的两条切线所围成的三角形常被称为阿基米德三角形,阿基米德三角形有一些有趣的性质,如:若抛物线的弦过焦点,则过弦的断点的来两条切线的交点在其准线上,设抛物线22(0)y px x =>,弦AB 过焦点,ABQ ∆且其阿基米德三角形,则ABQ ∆的面积的最小值为( )A .22p B .2p C .22p D .24p11、四面体ABCD 的四个顶点都在球O 的表面上,AB ⊥平面,ABCD BCD ∆是边长为3的等边三角形,若2AB =,则球O 的表面积为( )A .4πB .12πC .16πD .32π12、若定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足()()()(),2f x f x f x f x -=-=,且当[]0,1x ∈时,()f x =则函数()2()H x xe f x =-在区间[]5,1-上的零点个数为( )A .4B .6C .8D .10第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共90分)二、填空题:每小题5分,共20分,把答案填在答题卷的横线上。
河北省衡水中学2015届高三上学期期中考试数学理试题 Word版含解析
衡水中学20142015学年度上学期高三年级期中考试数学试卷(理科)【题文】第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)【试卷综述】试卷突出了学科的主干内容,集合与函数、不等式、数列、概率统计、立体几何、解析几何、导数的应用等重点内容在试卷中占有较高的比例,也达到了必要的考查深度.其中,函数与方程的数学思想方法、数形结合的数学思想方法、化归与转化的数学思想方法体现得较为突出.一、选择题(每小题5分,共60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)【题文】1.设集合{|1},{|1}A x x B x x =>-=≥,则“x A ∈且x B ∉”成立的充要条件是( ) A .11x -<≤ B .1x ≤ C .1x >- D .11x -<< 【知识点】集合.A1【答案】【解析】D 解析:由充要条件的意义可知,x 只属于A 集合不属于B 集合,所以D 为正确选项.【思路点拨】根据题意可直接求出所应表示的部分【题文】2、已知实数1,,9m 成等比数列,则圆锥曲线221x y m+=的离心率为( )A .3.2 C .3 2 D .2【知识点】等比数列;圆锥曲线.D3,H8【答案】【解析】C 解析:解:∵1,m ,9构成一个等比数列,∴m=±3.当m=3时,圆锥曲线221x ym +==当m=-3时,圆锥曲线221x y m+=是双曲线,它的离心率是2.故答案为:32. 【思路点拨】由1,m ,9构成一个等比数列,得到m=±3.当m=3时,圆锥曲线是椭圆;当m=-3时,圆锥曲线是双曲线,由此入手能求出离心率. 【典例剖析】主要考查等比数列的性质及圆锥曲线的概念.【题文】3、已知,m n 为不同的直线,,αβ为不同的平面,则下列说法正确的是( ) A .,////m n m n αα⊂⇒ B .,m n m n αα⊂⊥⇒⊥ C .,,////m n n m αβαβ⊂⊂⇒ D .,n n βααβ⊂⊥⇒⊥ 【知识点】空间中的平行与垂直关系.G4,G5【答案】【解析】D 解析:,////m n m n αα⊂⇒错误的原因为n 也可能属于α,所以A 不正确,,m n m n αα⊂⊥⇒⊥错误的原因为n 也可能与m 都在平面α内,,,////m n n m αβαβ⊂⊂⇒错误的原因为,αβ可能是相交平面,所以C 不正确,只有D 是正确选项.【思路点拨】由平行与垂直的判定定理与性质定理可得到正确结果.【题文】4、一个锥体的正视图和侧视图如图所示,下面选项中,不可能是该锥体的俯视图的是( )A B C D 【知识点】三视图.G2【答案】【解析】C 解析:根据三视图的概念可知,当俯视图为C 时,几何体为棱柱,所以这时不可能是锥体,所以C 正确. 【思路点拨】由三视图的概念可得选项. 【题文】5、要得到函数()cos(2)3f x x π=+的图象,只需将函数()sin(2)3g x x π=+的图象( )A .向左平移2π个单位长度 B .向右平移2π个单位长度 C .向左平移4π个单位长度 D .向右平移4π个单位长度【知识点】三角函数图像的变换.C4【答案】【解析】C 解析:当函数()sin(2)3g x x π=+向左平移4π个单位长度时,解析式变为()sin 2sin 2cos 243233g x x x x πππππ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=++=++=+ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦,所以只有C 为正确选项. 【思路点拨】由函数的图像移动法则及诱导公式可求出正确结果【题文】6、如果把直角三角形的三边都增加同样的长度,则得到的这个新三角形的形状为( )A .锐角三角形B .直角三角形C .钝角三角形D .由增加的长度决定 【知识点】余弦定理.C8【答案】【解析】A 解析:解:设增加同样的长度为x ,原三边长为a 、b 、c ,且c 2=a 2+b 2,c 为最大边;新的三角形的三边长为a+x 、b+x 、c+x ,知c+x 为最大边,其对应角最大.而(a+x )2+(b+x )2-(c+x )2=x 2+2(a+b-c )x >0,由余弦定理知新的三角形的最大角的余弦=()()()()()22202a x b x c x a x b x +++-+>++则为锐角,那么它为锐角三角形.故选A【思路点拨】先设出原来的三边为a 、b 、c 且c 2=a 2+b 2,以及增加同样的长度为x ,得到新的三角形的三边为a+x 、b+x 、c+x ,知c+x 为最大边,所以所对的角最大,然后根据余弦定理判断出余弦值为正数,所以最大角为锐角,得到三角形为锐角三角形.【题文】7、如图所示,医用输液瓶可以视为两个圆柱的组合体,开始输液时,滴 管内匀速滴下液体(滴管内液体忽略不计),设输液开始后x 分钟,瓶内 液面与进气管的距离为h 厘米,已知当0x =时,13h =,如果瓶内的药液恰好156分钟滴完,则函数()h f x =的图象为( )【知识点】分段函数.B1【答案】【解析】A 解析:解:由题意知,每分钟滴下πcm 3药液,当4≤h≤13时,x π=π•42•(13-h ),即1316xh =-,此时0≤x≤144; 当1≤h<4时,x π=π•42•9+π•22•(4-h ),即404x h =- ,此时144<x≤156.∴函数单调递减,且144<x≤156时,递减速度变快. 故选:A .【思路点拨】每分钟滴下πcm 3药液,当液面高度离进气管4至13cm 时,x 分钟滴下液体的体积等于大圆柱的底面积乘以(13-h ),当液面高 度离进气管1至4cm 时,x 分钟滴下液体的体积等于大圆柱的体积与小圆柱底面积乘以(4-h )的和,由此即可得到瓶内液面与进气管的距离为h 与输液时间x 的函数关系.【题文】8、已知直线0(0)x y k k +-=>与圆224x y +=交于不同的两点,,A B O 是坐标点,且有3OA OB AB +≥,那么k 的取值范围是( )A .)+∞B .C .)+∞ D .【知识点】向量及向量的模.F3【答案】【解析】B 解析:设AB 的中点为D ,则OD AB ⊥33223OA OB AB OD AB AB OD +≥∴≥∴≤,22144OD AB +=,21OD ≥,直线0(0)x y k k +-=>与圆224x y +=交于不同的两点A ,B 222441410OD OD k k ∴<∴>≥∴>≥>∴≤< B.【思路点拨】根据向量及向量模的运算可找到正确结果.【题文】9、函数()3223100ax x x x f x ex ⎧++≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩,在[]2,2-上的最大值为2,则a 的取值范围是( )A .1ln 2,2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭B .10,ln 22⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦C .(),0-∞D .1,ln 22⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦【知识点】函数的最值.B3【答案】【解析】D 解析:由题意,当x≤0时,f (x )=2x 3+3x 2+1,可得f′(x )=6x 2+6x ,解得函数在[-1,0]上导数为负,在[-∞,-1]上导数为正,故函数在[-2,0]上的最大值为f (-1)=2;要使函数()3223100ax x x x f x ex ⎧++≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩在[-2,2]上的最大值为2,则当x=2时,e 2a的值必须小于等于2,即e 2a≤2,解得1(,ln 2]2a ∈-∞.故答案为:1(,ln 2]2-∞. 【思路点拨】当x∈[-2,0]上的最大值为2; 欲使得函数()3223100ax x x x f x ex ⎧++≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩在[-2,2]上的最大值为2,则当x=2时,e 2a的值必须小于等于2,从而解得a 的范围【题文】10、抛物线的弦与过弦的断点的两条切线所围成的三角形常被称为阿基米德三角形,阿基米德三角形有一些有趣的性质,如:若抛物线的弦过焦点,则过弦的断点的来两条切线的交点在其准线上,设抛物线22(0)y px x =>,弦AB 过焦点,ABQ ∆且其阿基米德三角形,则ABQ ∆的面积的最小值为( )A .22p B .2p C .22p D .24p【知识点】直线与圆锥曲线.H8【答案】【解析】B 解析:由于若抛物线的弦过焦点,则过弦的端点的两条切线的交点在其准线上,且△PAB 为直角三角型,且角P 为直角.2124AB S PA PB =⋅≤ ,由于AB 是通径时,AB 最小,故选B .【思路点拨】由于若抛物线的弦过焦点,则过弦的端点的两条切线的交点在其准线上,且△PAB 为直角三角型,且角P 为直角.又面积是直角边积的一半,斜边是两直角边的平方和,故可求【题文】11、四面体ABCD 的四个顶点都在球O 的表面上,AB ⊥平面,ABCD BCD ∆是边长为3的等边三角形,若2AB =,则球O 的表面积为( ) A .4π B .12π C .16π D .32π 【知识点】几何体的体积与表面积.G8【答案】【解析】C 解析:解:取CD 的中点E ,连结AE ,BE ,∵在四面体ABCD 中,AB⊥平面BCD ,△BCD 是边长为3的等边三角形.∴Rt△ABC≌Rt△ABD,△ACD 是等腰三角形,△BCD 的中心为G ,作OG∥AB 交AB 的中垂线HO 于O ,O 为外接球的中心,22BE BG R =====.四面体ABCD 外接球的表面积为:4πR 2=16π. 故选:C .【思路点拨】取CD 的中点E ,连结AE ,BE ,作出外接球的球心,求出半径,即可求出表面积 【题文】12、若定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足()()()(),2f x f x f x f x -=-=,且当[]0,1x ∈时,()f x =,则函数()2()H x xe f x =-在区间[]5,1-上的零点个数为( )A .4B .6C .8D .10 【知识点】函数的零点.B9【答案】【解析】B 解析:解:定义在R 上的函数f (x )满足f (-x )=f (x ),f (2-x )=f (x ),∴函数是偶函数,关于x=1对称,∵函数f (x )=xe x 的定义域为R ,f′(x )=(xe x )′=x′e x+x (e x )′=e x +xe x 令f′(x )=e x +xe x =e x(1+x )=0,解得:x=-1. 列表:由表可知函数f (x )=xe x的单调递减区间为(-∞,-1),单调递增区间为(-1,+∞). 当x=-1时,函数f (x )=xe x 的极小值为()11f e -=-.y=|xe x|,在x=-1时取得极大值:1e,x∈(0,+∞)是增函数,x <0时有5个交点,x >0时有1个交点.共有6个交点故选:C .【思路点拨】求出函数f (x )=xe x的导函数,由导函数等于0求出x 的值,以求出的x 的值为分界点把原函数的定义域分段,以表格的形式列出导函数在各区间段内的符号及原函数的增减性,从而得到函数的单调区间及极值点,把极值点的坐标代入原函数求极值.然后判断y=|xe x|的极值与单调性,然后推出零点的个数【题文】第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共90分)【题文】二、填空题:每小题5分,共20分,把答案填在答题卷的横线上。
【解析】河北省衡水中高三上期第四次联考数理(1)
【思路点拨】由三视图及题设条件知,此几何体为一个三棱柱,底面是等腰直角三角形,且其高为
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衡水中学20142015学年度上学期高三年级期中考试
数学试卷(理科)
一、选择题
1.设集合{|1},{|1}A x x B x x =>-=≥,则“x A ∈且x B ∉”成立的充要条件是( ) A .11x -<≤ B .1x ≤ C .1x >- D .11x -<<
2、已知实数1,,9m 成等比数列,则圆锥曲线2
21x y m
+=的离心率为( )
A .
3 B .2 C .3 2 D .2
3、已知,m n 为不同的直线,,αβ为不同的平面,则下列说法正确的是( ) A .,////m n m n αα⊂⇒ B .,m n m n αα⊂⊥⇒⊥ C .,,////m n n m αβαβ⊂⊂⇒ D .,n n βααβ⊂⊥⇒⊥
4、一个锥体的正视图和侧视图如图所示,下面选项中,
不可能是该锥体的俯视图的是( ) 5、要得到函数()cos(2)3
f x x π
=+的图象,只需将函
数()sin(2)3
g x x π
=+
的图象( )
A B C D
A .向左平移
2π个单位长度 B .向右平移2π
个单位长度 C .向左平移4π个单位长度 D .向右平移4
π
个单位长度
6、如果把直角三角形的三边都增加同样的长度,则得到的这个新三角形的形状为( )
A .锐角三角形
B .直角三角形
C .钝角三角形
D .由增加的长度决定 7、如图所示,医用输液瓶可以视为两个圆柱的组合体,开始输液时,滴管内匀速滴下液体(滴管内液体忽略不计),设输液开始后x 分钟,瓶内液面与进气管的距离为
h 厘米,已知当0x =时,13h =,如果瓶内的药液恰好156分钟滴完,则函数()h f x =的图象为( )
8、已知直线0(0)x y k k +-=>与圆224x y +=交于不同的两点,,A B O 是坐标点,且有
3
OA OB AB +≥
,那么k 的取值范围是(
) A .)
+∞
B
.
C .
)+∞
D
.
9、函数()32
2310
0ax x x x f x e
x ⎧++≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩,在[]2,2-上的最大值为2,则a 的取值范围是( )
A .1
ln 2,2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭ B .10,
ln 22⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ C .(),0-∞ D .1,ln 22⎛⎤
-∞ ⎥⎝⎦
10、抛物线的弦与过弦的断点的两条切线所围成的三角形常被称为阿基米德三角形,阿基米
德三角形有一些有趣的性质,如:若抛物线的弦过焦点,则过弦的断点的来两条切线的交点在其准线上,设抛物线22(0)y px x =>,弦AB 过焦点,ABQ ∆且其阿基米德三角形,则
ABQ ∆的面积的最小值为( )
A .2
2
p B .2p C .22p D .24p
11、四面体ABCD 的四个顶点都在球O 的表面上,AB ⊥平面,ABCD BCD ∆是边长为3的等边三角形,若2AB =,则球O 的表面积为( )
A .4π
B .12π
C .16π
D .32π
12、若定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足()()()(),2f x f x f x f x -=-=,且当[]0,1x
∈时,
()f x =()2()H x xe f x =-在区间[]5,1-上的零点个数为( )
A .4
B .6
C .8
D .10
二、填空题:每小题5分,共20分,把答案填在答题卷的横线上。
. 13、已知
,3sin 22cos 2
π
απαα<<=,则cos()απ-=
14、已知12,F F 是双曲线2
2
1:13
y C x -=与椭圆2C 的公共焦点,点A 是12,C C 在第一象限的公共点,若121F F F A =,则2C 的离心率是
15、设,x y 满足约束条件320
00,0x y x y x y --≤⎧⎪
-≥⎨⎪≥≥⎩
,若目标函数2(0,0)z ax by a b =+>>的最大值为
75 80 85 90 95 100 分数
频率
1,则
22
114a b +的最小值为 16、在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,点(0,3)A ,直线:24l y x =-,设圆C 的半径为1,圆心在
l 上,若圆C 上存在点M ,使2MA MO =,则圆心C 的横坐标a 的取值范围为
三、解答题:本大题共6小题,满分70分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤 17、(本小题满分12
分) 如图,在ABC ∆中,BC 边上的中线AD 长为3,且cos 8
B =
1cos 4ADC ∠=,
(1)求sin BAD ∠的值; (2)求AC 边的长。
18.(本小题满分12分)某高校在2012年自主招生考试成绩中随机抽取100名学生的笔试成绩,按成绩分组:第1组[75,80),第2组[80,85),第3组[85,90),第4组[90,95),第5组[95,100]得到的频率分布直方图如图所示. (1)分别求第3,4,5组的频率; (2) 若该校决定在笔试成绩较高的第3,4,5组中用分层抽样抽取6名学生进入第二轮面试, (ⅰ) 已知学生甲和学生乙的成绩均在第三组,求学生甲和学生乙恰有一人进入第二轮面试的概率; (ⅱ) 学校决定在这已抽取到的6名学生中随机抽取2名学生接受考官L 的面试,设第4组中有ξ名学生
被考官L 面试,求ξ的分布列和数学期望. 19、(本小题满分12分)
如图,四棱锥P ABCD -中,底面ABCD 为菱形,60,BAD Q ∠=是AD 的中点 (1)若PA PD =,求证:平面PQB ⊥平面PAD ; (2)若平面APD ⊥平面ABCD ,且2PA PD AD ===, 在线段PC 上是否存在点M ,使二面角M BQ C --的大小为60, 若存在,试确定点M 的位置,若不存在,请说明理由。
20、(本小题满分12分)
设不等式组4
0()x y y nx n N *⎧≤⎪
≥⎨⎪≤∈⎩
所表示的平面区域n D ,记n D 内整点的个数为n a (横纵坐标
均为整数的点称为整点)。
(1)2n =式,先在平面直角坐标系中做出平面区域n D ,在求2a 的值; (2)求数列{}n a 的通项公式;
(3)记数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,试证明:对任意n N *
∈,恒有
12
2212
23S S S S +
+
2
5
(1)12
N N S n S +
<+成立。
21、(本小题满分12分)
已知定圆22:(16M x y +=,动圆N
过点F 且与圆M 相切,记圆心N 的轨迹为E
(1)求轨迹E 的方程;
(2)设点,,A B C 在E 上运动,A 与B 关于原点对称,且AC CB =,当ABC ∆的面积最小时,求直线AB 的方程。
22、(本小题满分12分)
已知函数()ln f x x a x =+,在1x =处的切线与直线20x y +=垂直,函数
()()21
2
g x f x x bx =+-
(1)求实数a 的值;
(2)若函数()g x 存在单调递减区间,求实数b 的取值范围; (3)设1212,()x x x x <是函数()g x 的两个极值点,若7
2
b ≥,求()()12g x g x -的最小值。