对外经贸大学国际贸易专业英语2000年真题
对外经济贸易大学成人本科英语专业学位英语考试样题(
对外经济贸易大学成人本科英语专业学位英语考试样题（Key）I. 词汇与结构(V ocabulary and Structure) 20%Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1) The hall has a _____ for more than 800 people. ( b )A. capabilityB. capacityC. breadthD. apparatus2) This law _____ the number of accidents caused by children running across the roadwhen they get off the bus. ( d )A. intending to reduceB. intended reducingC. intends reducingD. is intended to reduce3) They _____ yesterday because of a trifle. ( a )A. fell outB. fell behindC. fell throughD. fell in with4) Mrs. Lackey was awakened by the ringing of the bedside phone 12 hours after herhusband’s boat had been _____. ( a )A. wreckedB. decayedC. collapsedD. fired5) If he had worked harder, he _____ the exams. ( c )A. must have got throughB. would get throughC. would have got throughD. could get through6) He is working hard for fear that he _____ . ( a )A. should fall behindB. fall behindC. may fall behindD. would fall behind7) If each manager makes his usual speech, the meeting will be _____ for forty-fiveminutes. ( b )A. expandedB. prolongedC. delayedD. exceeded8) We should be delighted to _____ a member of the institute. ( b )A. have you to becomeB. have you becomeC. having you becomeD. having you to become9) _____ adequate preparations, they thought it better to postpone the excursion till next week. ( c )A. Not to have madeB. Not makingC. Not having madeD. Having not made10) Since the couple could not _____ their differences, they decided to get a divorce. ( a )A. reconcileB. complyC. coincideD. resign11) China and the United States are _____ the third and fourth largest country in size in the world. ( d )A. separatelyB. similarlyC. especiallyD. respectively12) I _____ a parcel several days ago. You are expected to receive it in a week. ( b )A. sent forB. sent offC. sent inD. sent away13) _____ she wondered if she had made a mistake. ( b )A. Not until long afterwards thatB. It was not until long afterwards thatC. Not long until afterwardsD. It was long afterwards until14) When her own studying was done, she tried to read _____ of his books was not inuse. ( a )A. whicheverB. whichC. thatD. what15) After seeing the movie, _____ . ( d )A. the book was read by himB. the book made him want to read itC. the reading of the book interested himD. he wanted to read the book16) Through long power lines electricity goes _____ . ( c )A. to the place neededB. there it is neededC. where it is neededD. which it is needed17) You’d better take your umbrella with you _____ it rains. ( c )A. in the case ofB. in no caseC. in caseD. in any case18) Staying in a hotel costs _____ renting a room in a dormitory for a week. ( c )A. twice as many asB. as much twice asC. twice as much asD. as much as twice19) I _____ what he said. ( b )A. hardly could believeB. could hardly believeC. could believe hardlyD. believe hardly20) It’s not polite to _____ when people are talking. ( b )A. break intoB. break inC. break upD. break down21) Were it not for friction, we _____ to walk on this earth of ours. ( a )A. would not be ableB. should not have been ableC. were not ableD. are not able22) Neither my brother nor I _____ playing chess. ( a )A. enjoyB. enjoysC. are enjoyingD. have enjoyed23) It is the first time that he has been to Shanghai, _____? ( b )A. isn’t heB. isn’t itC. hasn’t heD. hasn’t it24) With _____ winds, a sailing ship could outrun a steam ship. ( d )A. profitableB. advantageousC. beneficialD. favorable25) The peasants are in high spirits because another rich harvest is _____ . ( c )A. at sightB. out of sightC. in sightD. by sight26) Pick me up at 8. I _____ my bath by then. ( a )A. will have hadB. will be havingC. can have hadD. may have27) We had plenty of bread, so I _____ a loaf. ( a )A. needn’t have boughtB. didn’t need buyC. needn’t buyD. needn’t to have bought28) Dams _____ for centuries in different parts of the world. ( b )A. had been builtB. have been builtC. was being builtD. were building29) The permission that was needed to build the roads _____. ( c )A it will be granted B. was being grantedC. was grantedD. have been granted30) On special _____ we usually go to an expensive restaurant. ( a )A. occasionsB. timesC. vacationsD. chances31) She was so annoyed that she felt like _____ with him. ( b )A. to argueB. arguingC. to have argueD. having argued32) I am afraid I haven’t got time to _____ the matter right now.( a )A. go intoB. look forC. turn overD. clean out33) _____ like a million and a half dollars had been expected to guarantee their security. ( d )A. NothingB. AnythingC. EverythingD. Something34) He has _____ on his farm. ( d )A. 20 head of cattlesB. 20 heads of cattlesC. 20 heads of cattleD. 20 head of cattle35) The red _____ is quite popular with fashionable girls this year. ( a )A. blouseB. bloomC. blossomD. block36) Tom is _____ clever, but his brother is _____ stupid. ( a )A. fairly/ratherB. rather/fairlyC. rather/quiteD. quite/fairly37) She is well known _____ . ( d )A. not only her kindness but also her understandingB. not only for her kindness but also her understandingC. for not only her kindness but also for her understandingD. not only for her kindness but also for her understanding38) We could not pull apart two plates which _____ a vacuum. ( c )A. removedB. substitutedC. enclosedD. replaced39) My cat would not have bitten the toy fish, _____ it was made of rubber. ( d )A. if she has knownB. she should have knownC. if she knewD. had she known40) The company _____ a rise in salary for years, but nothing has happened yet. ( c )A. is promisedB. is promisingC. has been promisingD. promisedII.辨别错误(Error Identification) 10%Directions:There are 10 sentences in this part. For each sentence there is one error among the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that indicates the error. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41) The treaty, which the OECD hopes to be drafted by the end of the year, would need to beA Bbacked by new laws in each member country, criminalizing bribery abroad.C D (a)42) Without the fundamental discoveries and understanding provided by science,Atechnology would be a hit-or-miss affair, lacking direction and making a little progress.B C D (d)43) 58 percent of people were asked thought that the advertising of tobacco and alcoholA B Cshould be banned. (b)D44) While the general public tend to agree that animals should be treated well, most peopleA Bare unlikely to give up eating meat or wear clothes made of leather and wool. (c)C D45) Having been practiced for so long, the New York baseball team stands a chance ofA B C Dwinning the World Series this year. (a)46) The action of market forces means that the price of something goes up if the demandA B Cfor it rises and the supply available remain constant. (d)D47) Faced with the possibility of a water shortage during the summer months, Beijing hasA Basked their citizens to limit their use of water. (c)C D48) The new form of lively, interactive software is that could finally turn the computerA Binto the high-tech-learning tool as it was always expected to be.C D (b)49) With cars, many people are now able to enjoy their leisure time to the full by making aA Btrip to the countryside or seaside at weekends instead of confined to their immediateC Dneighborhood. (d)50) The size and visibility of a big company usually assures unwanting attention, andA Blabor activists pile on, in part, to help boost union membership by taking on a giant.C D (b)III. 完形填空 (Cloze) 15%Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blankthere are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) below the passage. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letteron the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.One crossing of the Atlantic is very much like another; and people who cross it frequently do not make the voyage for the 51 of its interest.Most of us are quite happy when we feel tired enough to go to bed and pleasedwhen the journey 52 . On the first night this time I felt especiallylazy and went to bed 53 earlier than usual. When I arrived in mycabin, I was surprised 54 that I was to have a companion during mytrip. I expected 55 but there was a suitcase 56 mine inthe opposite corner. I wondered who he could be and what he would be like.Soon afterwards he came in. He was the sort of man you might meet ___57_ , except that he was wearing 58 good clothes that I made upmy mind that we would not get on well together 59 and did not saya single word to him.I suppose I slept for several hours because when I woke up it was themiddle of the night. I felt cold but covered 60 as well as I couldand tried to go back to sleep. Then I realized that a draught was coming fromsomewhere. I got up 61 the door but found it already locked fromthe inside. The cold wind was coming from the window opposite. I crossed theroom and 62 the moon shone through it on to the other bed. __63__there. It took a minute or two to 64 the door myself. I realizedthat my companion 65 through the window into the sea.51) A. reason B. motive C. cause D. sake52) A. is achieved B. finish C. is over D. is in the end53) A. quite B. rather C. fairly D. somehow54) A. for seeing B. that I saw C. at seeing D. to see55) A. being lonely B. to be lonely C. being alone D. to be alone56) A. like B. as C. similar D. the same that57) A. in each place B. for all parts C. somewhere D. anywhere58) A. a so B. so C. such a D. such59) A. whoever he was B. whoever was heC. however he wasD. however was he60) A. up me B. up myselfC. up to myselfD. myself up61) A. to shut B. for shuttingC. in order that I shutD. so as for shutting62) A. while doing like that B. as I did like thatC. as I did soD. at doing so63) A. It was no one B. There was no oneC. It was anyoneD. There was anyone64) A. remind to lock B. remember to lockC. remind lockingD. remember locking65) A. had to jump B. was to have jumpedC. must have jumpedD. could be jumpedKey51. D. 52. C. 53. B. 54. D.55. D. 56. A. 57.D. 58. D.59. A. 60. D. 61. A. 62. C.63. B. 64. D. 65. C.IV.阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension) 30%Directions: There are three reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choicer andmark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Tom, at 53, was a very successful man. He had worked up a first class business, married a charming woman and built himself a good house in the London suburbs, that was neither so modern, nor so conventional . He had good taste. His son, Bob, 19, was doing well at Oxford; his daughter, April, aged 16, who was at a good school, had no wish to use make-up or wear low dresses.She still considered herself too young for these things. Yet she was happy, affectionate and thoroughly enjoyed life. All the same, for some time, Tom had been aware that he was working hard for very little. His wife gave hima quick kiss in the morning when he left for the office and, if she was notat a party, a quick kiss in the evening when he came home. It was obvious her life was completely filled with the children, her clothes, with keeping her figure slim, with keeping the house clean and smart, with her charities, her tennis and her friends, and parties.The children were even busier –the boy with his work, and with his own friends, the girl with hers. They were polite to Tom but if he came into the room when they were entertaining a friend there was at once a feeling of constraint. Even if they were alone together, he saw that when he came upon them they were slightly embarrassed and changed the subject of their conversation. Yet they didn’t seem to do this when they were with their mother. He would find them all three, for instance, laughing at something, and when he came in they would stop laughing and stare at him.66) From the passage we understand that Tom was _____________ .A. a successful business man who lived in a townB. not very successful but lived in a nice houseC. was a builder who lived in the suburbsD. was a successful man who had built his own house67) What does the writer tell us about Tom’s daughter, April?A. She was too young to enjoy life.B. She was happy and loved life.C. She was very sophisticated.D. She was good at school.68) Tom knows his wife is not very interested in him because ___________ .A. she is always doing houseworkB. she pays him no attention except to kiss him sometimesC. she is always playing tennisD. she is only interested in clothes and make-up69) How did the children behave towards Tom when they were with friends?A. They were pleased and informal.B. They were rude and formal.C. They were polite and embarrassed.D. They were polite and relaxed.70) What do the family often do when Tom comes into the room?A. They start laughing and look at him.B. They stop talking and look embarrassed.C. They start talking and laughing.D. They stop laughing and look at him.Key66) D. was a successful man who had built his own house67) B. She was happy and loved life.68) B. she pays him no attention except to kiss him sometimes69) C. They were polite and embarrassed.70) D. They stop laughing and look at him.Passage 2Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for 15 weeks: while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous number of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activities. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.71) Normally a student would at least attend __________ classes each week.A. 36B. 20C. 12D. 1572) According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed________ .A. to live in a different universityB. to take a particular course in a different universityC. to live at home and drive to classesD. to get two degrees from two different universities73) American university students are usually under pressure of workBecause __________.A. their academic performance will affect their future careersB. they are heavily involved in student affairsC. they want to observe university disciplineD. they want to run for positions of authority74) Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizationsProbably because ________.A.they hate the constant pressure and strain of their studiesB.they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC.such positions help them get better jobsD.such positions are usually well paid75) The student organizations seem to be effective in __________.A. dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB. ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC. evaluating students’ performance by bringing them before a courtD. keeping up the students’ enthusiasm for social activitiesKey71) B. 1272) B. to take a particular course in a different university73) A. their academic performance will affect their future careers74) C. such positions help them get better jobs75) B. ensuring that the students observe university regulationsPassage 3We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-abilityteaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experiences are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in grading pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic abilities. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.76) In the passage the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching”is ___________.A. criticalB. questioningC. approvingD. objective77) By “held back” ( line 1) the author means “___________”.A. made to remain in the same classesB. forced to study in the lower classesC. drawn to their studiesD. prevented from advancing78) The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be thedevelopment of the student’s ___________.A. personal qualities and social skillsB. total personalityC. learning ability and communicative skillsD. intellectual ability79) Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?A. Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work togetherwith others.B. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.C. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to becapable organizers.D. Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.80) The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ___________.A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same classB. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesC. offer advice on the proper use of the libraryD. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teachingKey76. C. approving77. D. prevented from advancing78 B. total personality79 D. Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.80 A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same classV. 英汉翻译（English-Chinese Translation）15%Directions:In this part there are five sentences for you to translate into Chinese. Thenwrite the translation on the Answer Sheet.81) I smoke a lot more heavily than I used to.我现在抽烟抽得比过去厉害的多了。
2000年英语专业四级考试真题及答案
2000年英语专业四级考试真题及答案2000年英语专业四级考试真题及答案Part Ⅰ WRITING ［45 MIN.］?SECTION A COMPOSITION?Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topic: College life should be varied and colourful. And extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improveme nt in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled:The Importance of Extracurricular Activities ??In the first part of your article you should clearly present your view, and in t he second part you should support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or summ ary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failur e to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING［10 MIN.］?Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:??You’ve read on the notice board that the university library is looking for a par t-time library assistant who can work at weekends. You think that your classmate , George, is a suitable person for this vacancy. Write him a note, telling him w hat you know about the vacancy and trying to persuade him to go for an interview Marks will be awarded for content organization, grammar and appropriacy?Part Ⅳ CLOZE ［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.?? The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious ?( 26 )? the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the sur face of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and ?( 27 )? it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but ( 28 )? to diffuse throughout the space available; it must ? ( 29 )? be kept in a closed container, as ?( 30 )?a planet’s atmosphere.The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories ?( 31 )the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be “dissolved” in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are ?( 32 )? different kinds o f molecules(分⼦). The theories now prevailing ?( 33 )? a quit e different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both flow ea sily. They are fluids. ?The ?( 34 )? similarly of liquids and gases becomes clear ly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.?( 35 )? a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The li quid expands or ?( 36 )?, becomes less dense; some of it evapor ates.?( 37 )?, the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature an d pressure ?( 38 )? the densities become equal is ?( 3 9 )? the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be ?( 40 )?; there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.26. A. in B. on? C. under D. beyond ?27. A. fills B. be filled ? C. filling D. to fill ?28. A. intends B. tends ? C. inclines D. contends ?29. A. however B. nevertheless ? C. so D. therefore ?30． A. in the event of B. in the case of? C. with a view to D. with reference to ?31. A. having described B. described? C. describing D. to have described ?32. A. made up of B. consisted of? C. constituted of D. made from ?33. A. apply B. adapt? C. take D. conduct ?34. A. elementary B. crucial ? C. rudimentary D. fundamental ?35. A. Suppose B. To suppose ? C. Being supposed D. Supposed ?36. A. in a word B. in the meantime C. in other words D. in that case ?37. A. Similarly B. In contrast ? C. Furthermore D. Instead ?38. A. on that B. on which ? C. at that D. at which ?39. A. known B. defined ? C. called D. referred to ?40. A. classified B. recognized ? C. categorized D. distinguishedPart Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ［15 MIN.］There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C andD. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.? Mark your answers on your answer sheet.??41. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorm s long before people___.?A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it ?42. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left u ntreated.?A. afterB. ifC. sinceD.unless ?43. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.?A. drought in othersB. droughts are others?C. while other droughtsD. others in drought ?44. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you??A. can’tB. don’tC. wouldn’tD. won’t ?45. There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e ndhalf an hour earlier.?A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be46. My mother can’t get ___ because she has rheumatism (风湿病). ?C. throughD. in47. I was very much put ___ by Mark’s rude behavior; it really annoy ed me.?A.overB.offC.upD.by ?48. You ___ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.?A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tell?C. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell ?49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there___ q uite such a crowd of people there.?A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. w ouldn’t be ?50. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ___ quality control can be substantially reduced.?A.whoseB.asC.whatD.that ?51. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.?A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look ?52. Many people are ___ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.?A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected ?53. When you’re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right ___.?C.road/doc/53718580.htmlne ?54. The motorist had to ___to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.?A. swerveB. twistC. departD. swing ?55. In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ___ on icy roads.?A. skatingB. skiddingC. slidingD. slipping ?56. This project would ___ a huge increase in defense spending.?A. resultB. assureC. entailD. accomplish ?57. The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ___ indeed.?A. distantB. slimC. unlikelyD. narrow ?58. We should make a clear ___ between ’competent’ and ’proficient’ for the purposes of our discussion.?A. separationB. divisionC. distinctionD. diffe rence ?59. In the present economic ___ we can make even greater progress than previously.?A. airB. moodC. areaD. climate ?60. Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;___, it shoul d rank high on any list of science fiction.?A. consistentlyB. consequentlyC. invariablyD. fortunately ?61. The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seeming ly___ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.?A. exploitedB. controversialC. inexhaustibleD. remarkable ?62. While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time ___ some import ant museums and buildings.?A. visitingB. travelingC. watchingD. touring ?63. You must let me have the annual report without ___ by ten o’cl ock tomorrow morning.?A. failureB. hesitationC. troubleD. fail64. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m representing the c ompany?A. on his accountB. on his behalf ?C. for his partD. in his interest ?65. Dreams are___ in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.?A. uninformativeB. startling?C. harmlessD. uncontrollablePart Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION ［30 MIN.］?SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION［25 MIN.］?In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished stat ements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one th at you think is the best answer.??Mark your answers on your answer sheet.??TEXT AClearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live we must communi cate withother people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-t o-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we gi ve information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our vi ews challenged by other members of society.?Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during th e last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dom inating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused t he enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. secondly, speed has revolutionised the transmission and reception of communicat ions so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself i s often almost eclipsed by international news.?No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago people used to flock to the c inema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program me that is being channelled into millions of homes.? Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information . The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entert ainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.? Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very val uable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.?66. In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the___ of face-t o-face contact in social settings.?A. natureB. limitationC. usefulnessD. creativity ?67. It is implied in the passage that___.?A. local news used to be the only source of information.?B. local news still takes a significant place.?C. national news is becoming more popular.?D. international news is the fastest transmitted news. ?68. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT??A. To possess information used to be a privilege.?B. Public libraries have replaced private libraries.?C. Communication means more than transmission.?D. Information influences ways of life and thinking. ?69. From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is___.?A. indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass media?B. happy about the drastic changes in the mass media?C. pessimistic about the future of the mass media?D. concerned about the wrong use of the mass media ??TEXT B?The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguis hing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occup ational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names graduallybecame g eneral in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.?British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupationa l, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names .? In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first , had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwis e, Simpson means “the son of Simon”, as might be expected.? Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least r ecognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Tay lor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings an d testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are “Day”, (Old English for breadmaker) and “Walker”(a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).?All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, w hich descriptive names often lack. Some, it is tru e, like “Long”, “Short” or “Li ttle”, are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinki ng: their meanings are slightly different from the modem ones. “Black” and “White ” implied dark and fair respectively. “Sharp” meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.? Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in a ll England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be pic turesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the comm oner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times ar e “Milton”(middle enclosure) and “Hilton”(enclosure on a hill).?70. Surnames are said to be ___ in Anglo-Saxon England.?A. commonB. vocationalC. unusualD. descriptiv e ?71. We learn from the first paragraph ___ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.?A. family names became descriptive and occupational?B. people in some areas still had no surnames?C. some people kept changing their surnames?D. all family names became fixed in England ?72. “Patronymic” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “forme d from ___.?A. the name of one’s father”B. the family occupation”?C. one’s family home”D. one’s family history” ?73. Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact??A. hundreds of occupational names are at once familiar to us.?B. “Black” and “White” implied “dark” and “fair” respective ly.?C. Vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity.?D. Every place in England has given its name to a family. ??TEXT CSince the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts. Over the years, they had successfully w ithstood every challenge to this system by their own government who, in turn, ha d been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the f inancial affairs to certain account holders. Theresult of this policy of secre cy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a w idely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainl y because of its numbered accounts and bankers’reluctanc e to ask awkward questi ons of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefully propagat ed by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners w ould fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking s ystem would virtually collapse overnight.?To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement wa s to prevent to improper use of the c ountry’s bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of se crecy.?The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbere d accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be requ ired, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious p urposes. Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime.?The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to inform on a client to anyone, including the Swiss government. To some extent, therefore, the princ iple of secrecy had been maintained.?74. Swiss banks took pride in___.?A. the number of their accounts?B. withholding client information?C. being mysterious to the outsiders?D. attracting wealthy foreign clients ?75. According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland w as irresistible to wealthy foreigners was ___ by banks themselves.?A. deniedB. criticizedC. reviewedD. defended ?76. In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that___.?A. complete changes had been introduced into Swiss banks?B. Swiss banks could no longer keep client information?C. changes in the bank policies had been somewhat superficial?D. more changes need to be considered and made ??TEXT DCoketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the sm oke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatura l red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery an d tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, and vas t piles of buildings full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up an d down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained se veral large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited by people equally like one another.?A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blo tch upon the view without a town.?The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadi ly. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their faces and contemplating coals. The whole town see med to be frying in oil. There was astifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The a tmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants was ting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the s ame rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer hum of insec ts, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of S aturday, the whirr of shafts and wheels.?77. Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Co ketown??A. dullB. dirtyC. noisyD. savage ?78. From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a(n) ___town .?A. industrialB. agriculturalC. residentialD. commercial ?79. Only ___ were not affected by weather.?A. the workmenB. the inhabitants?C. the steam-enginesD. the rustling woods ?80. Which is the author’s opinion of Coketown??A. Coketown should be replaced by woods.?B. The town was seriously polluted.?C. The town had too much oil in it.?D. The town’s atmosphere was traditional.SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this section there are seven passages with a total often multiple-choice ques tions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer s heet. TEXT EFirst read the following question.??81. The writer is concerned about___.?A. budget housekeepingB. the retail trade?C. computer skillsD. mental arithmetic ?Now read Text E quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.A lot of attention is being given to children who leave school unable to read or write. I think there should be equal concern for those who are unable to cope w ith simple mental arithmetic -parti cularly girls.? It is often stated that today’s children are growing up in a computer world and they don’t need the same skills that their grandparents did. But is it any wonde r thatmany young girls trying to cope with budget housekeeping fail for the sim ple reason they cannot keep accurate checks on their purchases?? Shopping in markets is no source of cheap purchasing unless one is able to keep pace with the apparent mental agility of the vendor.? Must we face the thought that at some time in the distant future everyone will n eed to carry in their handbag or pocket one of the miniature calculators??TEXT FFirst read the following question.??82. This is a letter of___.?A. referenceB. applicationC. inquiryD. complaint ?Now read Text F quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.??10 Garden Ave.?Essex?The Personnel Officer?Belgian Medico Ltd.?P0 Box 920?Brussels?Belgium?5th May 200___ ?Dear Sir,?With reference to your advertisement in the “Daily Star”,I’d like to apply for the position of translator with your firm.? I hold a degree in German and French from the University of London. And I have w orked as a translator for the past three years with Watson & Sons, Ltd., manufac turer of laboratory instruments, translating business correspondence from French and German into English.? I am 25 years old and unmarried. I enjoy living and working in different countri es and I should welcome the chance of moving to Belgium.?Yours sincerely,?(Miss) Janet Holbrooke??TEXT GFirst read the following question.??83. The passage is mainly about___.?A. lonelinessB. experienceC.memoryD. isolation ?Now read Text G quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.Loneliness is a curious thing. Most of us can remember feeling most lonely when wewere not in fact alone at all, but when we were surrounded by people. Everyon e has experienced, at some time, that strong sense of isolation that comes over you when you are at a party or in a room full of happy laughing people. It sudde nly seemsto you as if everybody knows everybody else, everybody knows what is g oing on; everybody, that is, except you.?This feeling of loneliness which can overcome you when you are in a crowd is ver y difficult to get rid of. People living alone are advised to tackle their lonel iness by joining a club or a society, by going out and meeting people.??TEXT HFirst read the following question.??84. The author mainly discusses ___ of public transportation.?A. the priceB. the typesC. the improveme ntD. the advantage ?Now read Text H quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.??The price of public transportation in Beijing has doubled twice since 1989, but it is still a bargain. Using the subway and minibuses used to show class status; now people of all classes take them, while some wealthy prefer taxis or private cars. What a change in just a few years!But there are downfalls to having more cars on the roads. Fortunately, the gover nment is aware of the problem. No-lead gasoline is the only one permitted in the city, and the rest of the country follows. Thousands of trees are planted in an d around the city every year. Children are taught why and how to protect the env ironment. At the same time, public transportation has marked real progress: buse s are everywhere and run frequently. We no longer see those old buses with broke n windows. Instead, there are fast buses, double-decker buses, air-conditioned o r heated buses, all offering a good service.?? TEXT IFirst read the following questions.??85. Each participating team should at least have ___?A. twoB.threeC.fourD. five ?86. Participants can bring along their ___ to the competition.?A. Christmas treesB. Christmas presents?C. festival costumesD. decoration materials ?Now read Text I quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.??With Christmas Day around the corner, Hong Kong’s Provisional Regional Council announced that a Christmas tree decoration competition will be held on Sunday in conjunction with the ongoing Regional Council Festival.? Members of the public are welcome to take part in the competition as families or small groups. Each team should be formed by at least three persons.? A total of 99 Christmas trees of 1.5 metres in height will be available for the participating teams to decorate. Participants can bring along their own decorati on materials and to use their imagination and creativity to achieve the best res ults.?Each participating team can take home the Christmas tree it has decorated as a souvenir. In addition, there will be cash awards for the winners.??TEXT JFirst read the following questions.??87. If you only have time for a half-day trip, which day would you choo se??A. Sunday 23 July.B. Saturday 15 July.?C. Wednesday 9 August.D. Saturday5 August. ?88. Which of the following trips offers you the opportunity to see Geor gian architecture??A. Trip One.B. Trip Two.C. Trip Three.D. Trip Four. ?Now read Text quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.??Summer Outings?Trip One?Saturday 15 July Stratford-upon-Avon and “Julius Caesar”?The coach will leave at 9 am, allowing a couple of hours to visit Stratford befo re the performance of “Julius Caesar” at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Back around 7:30 pm.??Trip Two?Sunday 23 July Bath?The spa town of Bath contains the country’s finest Roman ruins, and much elegant Georgian architecture. The coach will depart at 9 am, returning at around 6:30 pm.?? Trip Three?Saturday 5 August Stratford-upon-Avon and “The Taming of the Shrew”? Another chance to visit Stratford. “The Taming of the Shrew” stars Josie Lawrenc e in the title role. The coach will leave at 9 am, returning at around 7:30 pm.??Trip Four?Wednesday 9 August Oxford and “A Midsummer Night’s Dream”? A half-day trip to Oxford. The coach will leave at 2:15 pm, allowing an afternoo n to see the sights before one of Shakespeare’s most popular play s at the Playho use Theatre. Back after the show.??TEXT KFirst read the following questions.??89. Which nation is thought to be business-minded??A. The Dutch.B. The Italians.C. The British.D. The Germans. ?90. The opinions seem to be most divided on___.?A. the GermansB. the DutchC. the FrenchD. the British ?Now read Text K quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.??Some of the data from a survey on national stereotypes in some European countries is summarized below:?Germans Liked themselves best of all. Most Europeans agreed that the Germans had the highest proportion of good qualities. They considered themselves very tolerant, but nobody else did.French Not really admired by anyone except the Italians. Other Europeans found them conservative, withdrawn, brilliant, superficial. Also, not very friendl y.British Mixed reactions. Some found them calm, reserved, open- minded, others thought they were insular and superior. The British most admired the Dutch.Italians Generally considered by everyone to be lazy and untrustworthy, an d theItalians agreed! Most also found them to be charming, hospitable and noisy. The Italians admired the French. Hardly anyone loved the Italians except the French. Dutch Most admired people in Europe —except by their neighbours—the Belgians. Everyone agreed that the Dutch are hardworking, thrifty, good-natured, tolerant and business-minded.参考答案：PART Ⅰ WRITING?SECTION A ?［参考范⽂］?The Importance of Extracurricular Activities?Dear Editor,?People have different ideas about how students should spend their school days. Some believe that students should spend the whole day on academic studies. Others believe that extracurricular activities should be a required part of every school day. I think both ways have their advantages. But I prefer the latter.?As a student, our main task is to concentrate on our academic study. We have to attend classes, reading books and doing assignments. Only by working hard can we learn our courses well. But I don’t think we should spend every hour and minute on academic study. A proverb says, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Without good health and strong body, how can we impro ve our study efficiency and make great achievements in our academic study? Besides, spending the whole day on academic study may make us exhausted and weak. We should find other meaningful things to do besides studying. For example, doing extracurricular a ctivities can make students’ life more colorful and beneficial. There are various forms of exercise. My favorite one is football. I play football with my classmates for one hour every afternoon. After a day’s hard work, how nice it is to stretch my arms an d legs! By playing football I’ve got both joy and strength. I always lookenergetic.?Actually doing extracurricular activities doesn’t disturb our study if we make full use of our time. Instead it does help us study more efficiently. We can be good at learning as well as extracurricular activities. So I suggest that students do extracurricular activities along with their academic studies.?SECTION B ?［参考范⽂］?Dear George,?I have read on the notice board that the university is looking for a part-time library assistance who can work at weekends. I think you are the suitable person for this vacancy, for you are free at weekends and it pays well, yet the job is not difficult. It is also a good chance to improve yourself. So you shouldgo for an interview. ?Yours完型填空。
外贸英语答案(2000年9月)
全国外经贸行业外销员统一考试外贸英语答案(2000年9月)I．Translate the following terms:(10%)1.From English into Chinese:1.永久性正常贸易关系2.不可撤销信用证3.空白背书4.共同海损5.良好平均品质/大路货6.目的地船上交货7.免赔额/特许经营权8.平安险9.汇票10.拍卖2. From Chinese into English (5%)1.World Bank2.e-eommerce/e-business3.Shipper/consigner4.Import license5.International Chamber of Commerce(ICC)II．Choose the best answer for each of the following question (25%)1.D2.B3.c4.b5.b6.B7.a8.c9.c 10.c11.c 12.d 13.c 14.a 15.a16.c 17.b 18.d 19.b 20.c21.d 22.c 23.b 24.c 25.aIII. Translate the following into an English letter in a proper form (20%)Xinluhua Trading Company LtdFloor 33. Golden Star Mansion. No.999 Xingda RoadShanghai ChinaJune 30.2000 James Brown & Sons#304-310Jalan Street Toronto CanadaATTN: Daily Articles DepartmentDear Sirs;Thank you for your letter and samples sent on June 15. We`re glad to inform you that our customers are very satisfied with the test result of your samples. but they are still hesitating at the moment.After careful comparison with similar goods. we find your quotation on the high side. The current shampoo market is swollen up with various brands. and quality brands such as Rejoice and Pond`s are easily available. These brands have already gained recognition of the local market. In terms of shampoo. many consumers are reluctant to accept new products. As a new brand. the biggest selling point of your product will be its hair care function. Although its quality has already measured up to our customers` requirements. it still needs price advantage in order to open up a market here. Otherwise it can hardly compete against the established brands.In view of this our customers request you to reduce your original price by 10%. Please consider this and give us a prompt reply.Yours faithfully(Signed)IV Fill in the contract form with information gathered from the following correspondences (15%)NO.SELLERS: Beijing Garments Imp/Exp Corp.BUYERS: London Trading Co. Ltd.This Contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers,whereby the agree to buy and thebelow:Packing: In boxes of half dozen each and 10 dozen to a cartonShipping Mark: At Seller`s optionInsurance: To be covered by the Sellers against All Risks and War Risk for 110%of the invoice valueTime of Shipment: In December allowing transshipment and partial shipments(During December with transshipment and partial shipments allowed)Port of Shipment: China portPort of Destination: London. U.K.Terms of Payment: By D/P60 days (By D/P at 60 days after sight)Done and signed in Beijing on this 28th day of November 1999V. Write a letter in English asking for amendments to the following letter of credit by checking it with the given contract terms: (15%)China Trading CorporationDear sirs:While we thank you for your L/C No.112235.we regret to say that we have found some discrepancies. You are therefore requested to make the following amendments:1.The amount both in figures and in words should respectively read "GBP14,500"(Say Pounds Sterling Fourteen ThousandFive Hundred And Fifty Only):2."Form Copenhagen to China port" should read "form China port to Copenhagen":3.The Bill of Lading should be marked "Freight Prepaid" instead "Freight Collect":4.Delete the clause "Partial shipments and transshipment prohibited":5."This L/C is valid at our counter" should be amended to read "This L/C is valid at your counter":Please confirm the amendments by fax as soon as possible.Yours sincerely(Signed)VI．Translate the following passages: (15%)1. From English into Chinese (5%)1.折扣是指卖方按照商品的原价给对方一定比率的价格减让。
对外经济贸易大学20072008学年第一学期《国际贸易》期末考试试卷a卷
对外经济贸易大学2007─2008学年第一学期《国际贸易》期末考试试卷（A卷）课程代码及课序号：ITR 301-0学号： 姓 名： 成 绩：班级： 课序号： 任课教师：题号一二三四五合计得分I. Briefly answer the following questions.(20 points) Grade1. What were the pillars of Mercantilist thought? Why was regulation of theeconomy so important for the Mercantilists? (10 points)2. Explain how classical economists- David Hume and Adam Smith, had challengedMercantilist ideas. (10 points)II. The following question will test your understanding Adam Smith’s theory ofabsolute advantage. (30 points) GradeThe table below shows the hours of labor required to produce on unit of eachcommodity in each country:Clothing WheatUnited States 3 hours 9 hoursUnited Kingdom 4 hours 4 hours1. Which country has an absolute advantage in wheat? Explain why. (3 points)2. Which country has an absolute advantage in cloth? Explain why. (3 points)3. If trade takes place between the United States and the United Kingdom at a barterprice of 1 clothing for 2 wheat(or 1 wheat for 1/2 clothing ), why does each countrygain from trade? Explain. (5 points)4. Suppose the United Kingdom has 500 hours of labor available. Prior to trade, thecountry is using 300 of those labor hours to produce clothing and remaining 200labor hours to produce wheat. How much wheat and how much clothing will theUnited Kingdom be producing in this Pre-trade situation? (5 points)5. Now suppose the United Kingdom enters into international trade with (or 1 wheatfor 1/2 clothing). The United Kingdom devotes all its labor hours to clothingproduction and hence produces 125 units of clothing and 0 units of wheat , Explainwhy this is so .Suppose the country exports 40C (and therefore receives 80W in exchange)and keeps the remaining 85C for its own consumption, What will be theUK consumption of wheat and clothing in the trading situation? By how much hasthe United Kingdom, because of trade, been able to increase its consumption ofwhet and its consumption of clothing? (5 points)6. Now suppose the United States has 600 hours of labor available and that. Prior totrade, it is using 330 of those labor hours for producing wheat and the remaining270 hours of labor for producing clothing. How much wheat and how muchclothing will the United States be producing in this pre-trade situation? (5 points)7. Assume that trade between the UK and the United States takes place as in Question5 above. With trade, the United States devotes all of its labor hours to wheatproduction and produces 200 units of wheat. Consistent with the United Kingdom’strade in Question 5 above the United States then exports 80W and imports 40C.What will be the U.S consumption of wheat and clothing in the trading situation?By how much has the United States, Because of trade. Been able to increase its consumption of wheat and its consumption of clothing? Looking at your answers toQuestion 5 above, can you conclude that trade is indeed a positive-sum game? Whyand why not? (4 points)III. The export condition can indicate if a country is a potential exporter of agood. Suppose there are two countries (country I and country II )in a tradingworld . (16 points) Grade1. Please write down this export condition for country I exporting commodity j.(8 points)2. Discuss how changes in wage rates, productivity and exchange rate may affect thecountry’s ability to export. (8 points)IV.Consider the following labor requirements: (18 points) GradeShoes Wine4hours/pair Italy 6hours/pairspain 8hours/pair4hours/pair 1. Why is there a basis for trade? (6points)2. With trade, Italy should export and Spain should export ,because . (4 points)3. The international terms of trade must lie between and . (4 points)4. If the wage rate in Italy is 4 lire/hour, the wage rate in Spain is 3.5 pesetas/hour andthe exchange rate ins 1 peseta/1 lire, what are the commodity terms of trade?(4 points)V. Please briefly describe five types of ideal trade policies. (16 points) Grade。
对外经贸大学金融英语考试试题附答案.pdf
对外经济贸易大学2000-2001学年第一学期ENG353《金融英语阅读》期末考试试卷（A）本试卷适用于：全校三年级各专业的学生（99级）学号：姓名：班级：成绩：1.Translate the following financial terms.(20%)1)IDA2)SDR3)IFC4)OECD5)Clipping6)Laissez-faire7)Debasement8)MIGA9)Convertible paper money10)in arrears1)扶贫(工作)2)"大一统"银行系统3)垂直管理体制4)霸权5)金本位制崩溃6)互惠主义7)银根紧缩8)差别价格9)收益差10)空头交易2.Paraphrase the underlined words in English according to the text. (15%)1)The IFC's policy is to favor joint ventures that have some local capital committed at the outset, or at least the probability of local capital involvement in the foreseeable future.2)To date, there have been no defaults on loans made by the World Bank.3)Rugged individualistic liberalism based upon Anglo-Saxon roots knew, rendering their liberal ideology rigid and dogmatic.4)The value of a commodity or token used as money also fluctuates, and when there is inflation, its value persistently falls.5)They put their reputation on the line when they endorse a company's report.3．Please translate the following sentences into either Chinese or English (20%) 1)The "whole earth" approach to political economy--a world view--remains theexception and not the rule. Economists note that their discipline was traditionally called "political economy," the queen of the social sciences dating back at least to Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations, published in 1776.2)Barter can take place only when there is a double coincidence of wants. A doublecoincidence of wants is a situation that occurs when person A wants to buy what person B is selling and person B wants to buy what person A is selling.3)政府对国际贸易中的小汽车和多数其它商品进行调控。
经贸专业英语1999【试题+答案】
1999对外经济贸易大学国际贸易专业英语试题1. ASIA: ONE YEAR LATEROn the first anniversary of Asia’s worst recession in half a century, it is clear that the geoeconomic shape of the Pacific Rim will be far different from what anyone anticipated just a year ago. The fulcrum of growth is slowly shifting from a senescent Japan and stagnant Southeast Asia to a dynamic, confident China, President Clinton’s remarkable journey will likely mark this tectonicshift for future histories. Consider these events taking place: CHINA is choosing a strategy of pumping up domestic-led economic growth, in contrast with the International Monetary Fund’s policy of austerity and Japan’s weak yan-and-export push. By cutting interest rates, privatizing housing, inviting foreign investment, and keeping the renminbi stable, Beijing is increasing domestic demand and growth. Certainly, China shares many of the woes afflicting Asia-insolvent banks, lax regulatory enforcement, and corruption. Yet its vigor in attacking these problems and its decision to opt for a strong currency set it apart and show real leadship. Japan, in contrast, is stick in a hermetically sealed society. Despite the rhetoric of reform, its political and bureaucratic elites deny there is anything basically wrong and run the country as a pension state focused on an aging population. Problems are described as isolated , and solutions take an inordinate amount of time. Seven years into a severe banking crisis, Tokyo is just now passing legislation to create a Resolution Trust Corp.-type unit. Meanwhile, the unemployment rate soars to new records. Among men, who constitute most of thelabor force, it hit 4.3% in May, It is worse for the young. The jobless rate for men 15 to 24 years old rose to 8.4%.Foreign investment should be pouring in to reinvigorate growth, but little is allowed. Mergers and acquisitions should be consolidating companies, but few are permitted. Immigrants should be arriving to give new life to society and support the elderly, but they are forbidden. Outside CEOs should be taking over failing corporations, but is not accepted. As much as China is invigorated, Japan is stultified. The contrast is startling.SOUTHESAT ASIA is in agony. A huge nascent middle class is being pushed back into poverty. Depression is looming. Indonesia is deindustrializing, with people leaving cities to return to villages. Chinese merchants are fleeing(up to 100,000 have left). Overseas Chinese capital that funded much of Southeast Asia’s past three decated of growth is drying up.1．一年之后的亚洲很明显，在半个世纪以来亚洲出现最严重经济衰退的一周年之际，环太平洋地区的地缘经济状况形势和一年以前任何人预期的都相去甚远。
2000年英语专业四级试题及答案
Part Ⅱ DICTATION ［15 MIN.］ Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage w ill be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seco nds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time yo u should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO Part Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSION ［20 MIN.］ In Sections A, B, and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully an d then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question o n your answer sheet. Section A STATEMENT In this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of the statement you w ill be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following nine questions. 1. What is said about Harry's brother? A. He is happy with his job. B. He is a very ambitious man. C. He is too ambitious to be an engine driver. D. He doesn't like to be an engine driver. 2. What do you learn about Ms. Ellis? A. She has been waiting. B. She is examining her patient. C. She is seeing her nd waiting. 3. Joan is probably a___. A. nurse B. doctor C. lawyer D. saleswoman 4. The speaker sees Mary wear ___ different silk scarves in a wee k. A. 2 B.5 C.7 D. 6 5. Where will the passengers change trains to go to Gilford? A. East Croydon. B.Victoria. C. Southeast. D.Red Hill. 6. What is the speaker probably doing? A. Interviewing a clerk. B. Writing a job ad. C. Dismissing a clerk. D. Making inquires 7. What does the speaker mean? A. Emily is neither honest nor trustworthy. B. Emily used to be honest only. C. Emily used to be trustworthy only. D. Emily is more than honest and trustworthy.
专业英语2000[试卷+答案]
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对外经济贸易大学2000年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试国际经济贸易学院专业英语试题（英译中四页五段每段二十分共100分）1.The Battle to Be Your Online Bill Collector—Bankers hope cyberbilling can give them a toehold on the Net.Every year, American business sends out 29 billion bills. And by any measure, the exercise isn't much fun. For companies, printing, processing and posting a typical consumer bill runs about 90.And for recipients, there’s not only a demand for payment, there 's a wad of solicitations that nearly everyone throws away.But for banks trying to make it on the Internet, bills are cool. Bankers see bills as surefire eyeball-grabbers in an environment where it's tough to command consumer attention--and a key to protecting their existing business managing cash for big companies. Increasingly, banks are battling high-tech competitors for control of Internet billing, or electronic-bill presentment, as it is called.To be sure, this is a fight over a business that is in its infancy. Few bills are now sent via the Net, and online payment systems often involve a paper check. But the technology exists to send bills from business to customers and route payments back on the Net. By the end of next year, industry analysts estimate upwards of 4.5 million households will be receiving bills online. What’s more, sending and handling bills over the Net should be about 40% cheaper than paper delivery, says the Gartner Group, a research firm in Stamford, Conn.The question is who will become the bill collector on the Net. Bankers reckon that if they can turn their Web sites into mailboxes for electronic bills, they can become key entry points on the Net-portals, even. That would enable them to sell other financial services online. The fear is that existing portals, such as Yahoo! or even American Online, will become centers of bill payment and, in turn, siphon off existing bank business. "Banks have been slow to get into this," says Kenneth J. Kerr, a Garter analyst in Durham, N.C. "But they realize there is a threat here and they need to get aboard".Banks have their advantages. They can offer customers simultaneous access to their bills and their money. Banks have long relationships with the billers, such has utilities and retailers, and centuries of experience in protecting people's money.Big banks also are worried that technology companies offering bill presentment could muscle into one of their fastest-growing business-managing cash for big companies. After all, distributing and collecting bills is a close cousin to cash management.At this point, predicting how the industry will shake out is premature. Banks and technology companies already have formed several alliances aimed a delivering bills on the net. More combinations are likely. What's clear, though, is the banks know they are running out of time to get their Internet billing act together.From Business Week/July 19,19991. 一场争夺成为线账单收款人的战役——银行家们希望通过在线账单业务在互联网上站稳脚跟美国公司每年发行面额总值为290亿美元的账单。
国际贸易练习题(自考)
国际贸易实务(一)练习题一、单项选择题1.《2000年通则》中，E、F、C组贸易术语的共同点是A．均属到达合同B．均属转运合同C．均属进口国交货D．均属出口国交货2.CIF贸易术语中风险转移的分界线是A．货物运抵卖方装运港B．货物运抵买方装运港C．货物装船时的船舷D．货物卸船时的船舷3.成都进口一批货物，从日本东京空运至成都，日方支付运费和保险费并承担货物的风险责任至成都，日方办理出关手续，中方办理进关手续。
按以上交易条件，应选用的贸易术语是A．DEQ成都B．CIP成都C．DDP成都D．DDU成都4.按照D组术语成交，货物运抵指定进口国交货地之前的一切责任，由A．卖方负担B．买方负担C．承运人负担D．保险公司负担5.DDU属于A．象征性交货B．实际交货C．完税后交货D．边境交货6.按照《2000通则》的解释，若以FOB条件成交，买卖双方风险点是A．货交承运人保管B．装运港船舷C．货交买方处置D．目的港船舷7.从交货方式上看，C1F是一种典型的象征性交货。
这句话的含义是A．EXW B．FOBC．DDP D．DDU8.在工厂交货（EXW）条件下，办理货物出口手续的责任在A．买方B．卖方C．承运人D．海关9.中国上海某公司从美国纽约进口一批商品，可选的贸易术语是A．DDP纽约B．CFR纽约C．CIF上海D．FOB上海10.贸易术语的变形，通常对于买卖双方的风险划分点和费用划分点的影响是A．只改变费用划分点B．只改变风险划分点C．均不改变D．均发生变化11.依据《2000年通则》，在EXW术语条件下，办理货物出口手续的责任在A．买方B．卖方C．承运人D．海关12.《2000年通则》规定，FCA条件下，卖方办理出口许可证时应A．自负费用，风险由买方承担B．由买方负担风险、费用C．与买方协商风险、费用的划分D．自负风险和费用13.《2000年通则》中E、F、C组贸易术语共同点可表示为A．均属出口国交货B．均属装运合同C．均属进口国交货D．均属到达合同14.DAF条件下，买卖双方风险转移界限是A．买方在出口国指定地点收货后B．承运人处置货物后C．买方处置货物后D．买方在码头收货后15.根据《2000年通则》的解释，FOB只适用于A．海运B．铁路运输C．内河运输D．海运和内河运输16.在成本加运费(CFR)条件下，风险转移的划分为A．货交船边后B．货物越过船舷C．承运人处置货物后D．码头收货后17.DDU属于A．象征性交货B．完税后交货C．实际交货D．码头交货18.《2000年通则》中包含的13种贸易术语中买方承担风险、责任和费用最大的是A．EXW B．CFRC．DAF D．DDP19.根据《2000年通则》的解释，FAS条件下的交货地点为A．装运港的船边B．目的港的船边C．出口国内陆D．出口国边境20.DDP的中文意思是A．未完税交货B．完税后交货C．船上交货D．码头交货21.《2000年通则》中，卖方只负责将合同规定的货物交到约定的交货地点，而不必负责安排从交货地至目的地的运输事项，运输事项由买方负责办理的贸易术语是A．E组术语B．F组术语C．D组术语D．C组术语22.依据《2000年通则》，C组贸易术语中适用于各种运输方式的是A．CFR和CPT B．CIF和CIPC．CFR和CIF D．CPT和CIP23.《2000年通则》解释，采用FCA条件成交时，风险转移界限为A．货到目的港B．买方处置货物后C．承运人处置货物D．货物越过船舷24.《2000年通则》中DDU属于A．象征性交货B．易地交货C．实际交货D．港口交货25.《2000年通则》将国际贸易中使用的贸易术语归纳为A．11条B．12条C．13条D．15条26.在采用FOB交货时，买卖双方风险的转移是在A．工厂B．码头C．装运港船舷D．装运船上27.采用CFR变形（CFR Landed）成交时，卸货费由A．买方承担B．卖方承担C．船方承担D．买卖双方共同承担28.采用DAF贸易术语成交时，出口报关的责任、费用由A．买方承担B．卖方承担C．共同承担D．不一定29.卖方想要承担最低的合同义务时，最好采用A．EXW 术语B．FCA 术语C．CIF 术语D．DES 术语30.《2000年通则》中，DES的中文意思是A．未完税交货B．完税后交货C．目的港船上交货D．目的港码头交31.CFR贸易术语中风险转移的分界线A．货物运抵卖方装运港B．货物运抵买方装运港C．货物装船时的船舷D．货物卸船时的船舷二、多项选择题1.适用于各种运输方式的贸易术语的是A．EXW B．FCAC．FAS D．FOBE．CPT2.CIF和CIP术语的区别在于A．交货地点B．运输方式C．风险划分界限D．出口结关手续E．进口结关手续3.贸易术语是在长期的国际贸易实践中产生的，它可用来A．确定交货地点B．表示商品价格构成C．确定货物等级D．明确定价方式E．说明买卖双方在交接货物时各自承担的责任、费用及风险划分4.下列只适用水上运输方式的贸易术语有A．FAS B．CIFC．DES D．DAFE．EXW5.根据《2000年通则》，一般情况下，卖方办理货物出口手续的有A．EXW B．FASC．FOB D．FCAE．CFR6.FCA适用的运输方式有A．公路B．铁路C．河、海运D．航空运输E．多式联运7.以水运方式到目的港口交货的贸易术语有A．DAF B．DESC．DDU D．DDPE．DEQ三、名词解释1.贸易术语。
2000年外销员考试外贸英语真题
模考吧网提供最优质的模拟试题，最全的历年真题，最精准的预测押题！ 2000年外销员考试外贸英语真题
、一（共Translate the following terms 小题,15共分）10.0 第1题
From English into Chinese:
PNTR
【正确答案】：
答案:
永久性正常贸易关系
第2题
Irrevocable Letter of Credit
【正确答案】：
答案:
不可撤销信用证
第3题
Blank Endorsement
【正确答案】：
答案:
空白背书
第4题
General Average
【正确答案】：
答案:
共同海损
第5题
FAQ
【正确答案】：
模考吧网提供最优质的模拟试题，最全的历年真题，最精准的预测押题！ 答案:
良好平均品质/大路货
第6题
DES
【正确答案】：
答案:
目的地船上交货
第7题
Franchise
【正确答案】：
答案:
免赔额/特许经营权
第8题
FPA
【正确答案】：
答案:
平安险
第9题
Bill of Exchange
【正确答案】：
答案:
汇票
第10题
Auction
【正确答案】：
答案:
拍卖
第11题。
2000年全国英语专业四级试题（10）
TEXT C Since the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts. Over the years, they had successfully withstood every challenge to this system by their own government who, in turn, ha d been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the financial affairs to certain account holders. The result of this policy of secrecy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a widely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainly because of its numbered accounts and bankers' reluctance to ask awkward questions of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefully propagated by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners would fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking system would virtually collapse overnight. To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement was to prevent to improper use of the country's bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of secrecy. The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbered accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be required, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious purposes. Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime. The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to inform on a client to anyone, including the Swiss government. To some extent, therefore, the princ iple of secrecy had been maintained. 74. Swiss banks took pride in___. A. the number of their accounts B. withholding client information C. being mysterious to the outsiders D. attracting wealthy foreign clients 75. According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland w as irresistible to wealthy foreigners was ___ by banks themselves.A. deniedB. criticizedC. reviewedD. defended 76. In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that___. A. complete changes had been introduced into Swiss banks B. Swiss banks could no longer keep client information C. changes in the bank policies had been somewhat superficial D. more changes need to be considered and made。
2000年考研外语考试真题及答案
2000年考研外语考试真题及答案一、Use of English1、If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain 【B1】consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 【B2】 he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 【B3】the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 【B4】 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 【B5】 the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation 【B6】 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 【B7】 . He must either sell some of his property or 【B8】 extra funds in the form. of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 【B9】 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 【B10】obtainable.【B1】A．other thanB．as well asC．instead of D．more than 2、【B2】A．only ifB．much asC．long before D．ever since 3、【B3】A.forB.againstC.ofD.towards4、【B4】A．replaceB．purchaseC．supplement D．dispose5、【B5】A．enhanceB．mixC．feedD．raise6、【B6】A．vesselsB．routesC．pathsD．channels7、【B7】A．self-confident B．self-sufficient C．self-satisfied D．self-restrained 8、【B8】A．searchB．saveC．offerD．seek9、【B9】A．proportionB．percentageC．rateD．ratio10、【B10】A．genuinelyB．obviouslyC．presumablyD．frequently11、 As I'll be away for at least a year, I'd appreciate ______ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along.A.hearingB.to hearC.to be hearingD.having heard12、 Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, ______ to find it locked.A．justB．onlyC．henceD．thus13、 Doctors see a connection between increased amounts of leisure time spent ______ and the increased number of cases of skin cancer.A.to sunbatheB.to have sunbathedC.having sunbathedD.sunbathing14、 Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled ______ a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.A．toB．withC．forD．on15、 On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont ______I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading "Boston". A．whichB．whereC．whenD．that16、 Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though ______ out of the office.A.wentB.goneC.to goD.would go17、 The roles expected ______ old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.A.ofB.onC.toD.with18、 Talk to anyone in the drug industry, ______ yon'll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.A.orB.andC.forD.so19、 It wasn't so much that I disliked her ______ that I just wasn't interested in the whole business.A．ratherB．soC．thanD．as20、 Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divorce, let alone ______ one.A．gettingB．to getC．gottenD．get21、 He spoke so ______ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A．bluntlyB．convincinglyC．emphaticallyD．determinedly22、 France's ______ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations. A．assumptionB．consumptionC．presumptionD．resumption23、 The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ______ an outburst of interest.A.flaredB.glitteredC.sparkedD.flashed24、 His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties ______.A.came offB.came onC.came roundD.came down25、 The system was redesigned so embrace the network and eventually ______ it in a profitable direction.A.adaptB.controlC.installD.steer26、 The capital intended to broaden the export base and ______ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled in stead of uneconomic import substitution.A.secureB.extendC.defendD.possess27、 It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be ______ at the manager's office.A.declaredB.obtainedC.reclaimedD.recognize28、 When I ______ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.A．woke upB．took toC．picked upD．came to29、 The American society is ______ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.A．established onB．affiliated toC．originated fromD．incorporated with30、 I am not ______ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.A．concernedB．compatibleC．considerateD．complied31、 At first, the ______ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.A．transactionB．transmissionC．transformationD．transition32、 When the committee ______ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.A.got downB.set aboutC.went offD.came up33、 ______ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are stilt covered with thick forests.A.OrientationB.AccessC.ProcessionD.Voyage34、 Mr. Smith had an unusual ______: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.A.professionB.occupationC.positionD.career35、 The mayor is a woman with great ______ and therefore deserves our political and financial support.A．intentionB．instinctC．integrityD．intensity36、 The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and ______ to everyone.A.speculationB.attributionC.utilizationD.proposition37、 The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ______ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.A．rendersB．reckonsC．regardsD．relates38、 To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be ______, and display interest in the job.A.swiftB.instantC.timelyD.punctual39、 You don't have to install this radio in your new car; it's an ______ extra.A．excessiveB．optionalC．additionalD．arbitrary40、 We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn't ______ to the traffic jam of the busy city.A．aidB．amountC．addD．attribute41、 (Having isolated) on a remote island, (with) little work (to occupy) them, the soldiers suffered from boredom and low (spirits).A.Having isolatedB.withC.to occupyD.spirits42、 If the letter (to be mailed) (was placed) on the writing table an hour ago, it (is) certain (being) there now.A.to be mailedB.was placedC.isD.being43、 The (ruling) party could even lose (its) majority in the lower house of parliament, (started) a period of (prolonged struggling).A.rulingB.itsC.startedD.prolonged struggling44、 The mechanisms (at) work (are manifest) in the tendency for such physical activity (to) utilize the (potential) harmful constituents of the stress response.A.atB.are manifestC.toD.potential45、(In) the long run, however, this hurry (to shed) full-time staff may (be more) harmful (to) industry as it is to the workforce.A.InB.to shedC.be moreD.to46、 See to (it) that you include (in) the examination paper (whatever) questions they didn't know (the answer) last time.A.itB.inC.whateverD.the answer47、 Most newspapers, (while devoting) the major part of (its)space to recent events, usually manage to find (room) on the inside pages for articles (on) some interesting topics.A.while devotingB.itsC.roomD.on48、 One sign (by which) you are making progress in (an art) such as painting or photography is (that) you begin to realize how much (there is) to learn.A.by whichB.an artC.thatD.there is49、 The ideal listener stays both (inside and outside) the music at the moment it is played and (enjoying) it almost (as much as) the composer at the moment he (composes).A.inside and outsideB.enjoyingC.as much asposes50、(Continued) exposure to stress has been linked to (worsened) functioning of the immune system, (leaving) a personmore liable (for) infectionA.ContinuedB.worsenedC.leavingD.for参考答案：【一、Use of English】1~5CABAC6~10DBDCD11~50点击下载查看答案。
国际贸易学综合2000答案
答案部分对外经济贸易大学2000年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试国际贸易综合试题（本试题旨在测试考生的综合专业基础能力，考生在回答问题前，请首先认真阅读各题的要求）一、简单准确解释下列名词（3分/题，共24分）1.市场失灵：指完全竞争的市场机制在很多场合下不能导致资源的有效配置，不能达到帕累托最优状态的情形。
导致市场失灵的原因主要有如下几种：（1）外部性，即一个经济主体的行为造成另一个经济主体的利益或成本的变化，而另一个经济主体又没有得到补偿或支付的情况；（2）公共产品，即对整个社会有益，但因不能获得收益或私人成本太高而私人厂商不愿意生产的产品和劳务，如国防、空间研究、气象预报等；（3）非零交易成本，如搜集信息、讨价还价、达成合同等所需要的成本，往往使得交易难以进行；（4）市场特权，如垄断的存在或过度的竞争；（5）市场机制不能够解决社会目标问题；（6）非对称信息，如生产者往往具有比消费者更多的关于商品的信息；等等。
一般均衡理论中所谓“竞争的市场可以达到帕累托最优状态”，是在假定市场上不存在上述导致市场失灵的任一因素的情况下发生的。
因为只要其中一种因素存在，就会导致资源配置的效率损失，使经济不能达到帕累托最优状态。
从20世纪初起，这些问题逐渐受到人们的重视。
认识到市场失灵的存在，就可以更加自觉的利用计划、法律或其他非经济手段和经济手段来管理经济，而不是完全依靠市场机制。
这样，社会资源配置会更加有效率，社会经济运行更加协调。
2.机会成本：指人们利用一定资源获得某种收入时所放弃的在其他可能的用途中所能够获取的最大收入。
生产一单位的某种商品的机会成本是指生产者所放弃的使用相同的生产要素在其他生产用途中所能得到的最高收入。
机会成本的存在需要三个前提条件。
第一，资源是稀缺的；第二，资源具有多种生产用途；第三，资源的投向不受限制。
从机会成本的角度来考察生产过程时，厂商需要将生产要素投向收益最大的项目，而避免带来生产的浪费，达到资源配置的最优。
2000年4月北京市高等教育自学考试中国对外贸易试卷
2000年4月北京市高等教育自学考试中国对外贸易试卷一、选择题（在每小题的四务备选答案中，选出一至四个正确的答案，并将其号码填在题干后的括号内，多选、少选、错选均无分。
每小题1分，共20分）1.90年代代，我国在继续开放沿海地区的基础上，又进一步开放了（）A.沿江（长江）城市B.沿海港口城市C.沿陆地边境城镇D.内陆省会城市2.目前，中国进出口关锐主要采取（）A.从量税B.从价税C.混合税D.选择锐3.中外合资和合作经营企业属于（）A.集体所有制企业B.混合所有制企业C.私有制企业D.全民所有制企业4.我国从1994年开始对部分出口商品配额采取（）A.行政分配B.招标分配C.计划分配D.平均分配5.在具备一定工业基础的条件下，我国应重点引进（）A.硬件技术B.软件技术C.成套设备D.关键设备6.目前，在我国利用外资诸方式中，筹资额最多的方式是（）A.借用国外贷款B.吸收国外直接投资C.发行国际债券D.发行B股7.影响进出口商品价格的主要因素是（）A.商品成本B.供求关系C.竞争机制D.贸易政策8.影响外贸企业经济效益的主要因素是（）A.经济制度B.经营制度C.管理制度D.企业制度9.我国出口贸易主要集中在（）A.西方发达国家B.发展中国家和地区C.独联体、东欧国家D.港澳地区10.对外贸易之所以是社会再生产顺利的必要保证，是因其能（）A.节约社会劳动B.实现对外实物形态转换C.提高劳动生产率D.实现对外价值形态转换11.中国内地与台湾省贸易中（）A.内地有大量顺差B.台湾胙有大量顺差C.双边进出吕大体平衡D.内地有大量人超12.我国出口的各类产品中，目前创汇额居第一位的产品是（）A.石油B.纺织品C.机电产品D.农副土特产品13.我国利用外资之所以必要，是因为通过利用外资可（）A.弥补国内建设资金不足B.引进国外先进技术C.降低资金借用成本D.扩大劳动就业14.1979——1987年我国外贸体制改革的主要内容是（）A.取消对出口的财政补贴B.下放外贸经营权C.简化外贸计划内容D.试行出口承包经营责任制15.反映企业盈利能力和国有资产保值增值的指标是（）A.费用水平B.资本金收效益率C.出口每美元成本D.资产负债率16.“一五”计划时期我国人苏联引进了156项重点工程，其对国民经济最突出的贡献是（）A.填补工业部分空白B.奠定工业化基础C.提高生产技术水平D.扩大生产能力17.我国实行出口被动配额管理的主要商品是（）A.农产品B.矿产品C.纺织品D.代工品18.我国之所以要积极争取外国政府贷款，是因为其不仅利率低，而且（）A.使用自由B.贷款期限长C.赠与成分多D.审批手续简便19.新中国成立后，社会主义对外贸易是通过下列方式建立的，即（）A.建立国营外贸企业B.改造私营进出口企业C.建立公私合营外贸企业D.没收官僚资本进出口企业20.目前，优化我国出口商品结构的中心任务是要实现（）A.从主要出口轻纺产品向主要出口机电产品转变B.从主要出口资源性产品向主要出口劳动密集型产品转变C.从主要出口粗加工制成品向主要出口精加工制成品转变D.从主要出口初级产品向主要出口制成品专为二、填空题（每空1分，共15分）1.我国促进高科技产品的“五定”方案是指：定产品、____________、___________、定目标和定时间。
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2000年对外经贸大学国际贸易学专业英语试题
1.The Battle to Be Your Online Bill Collector
-------------Bankers hope cyberbilling can give them a toehold on the Net
Every year,American business sends out 29 billion bills.And by any measure,the exercise isn't much fun.For companies,printing,processing and posting a tipical consumer bill runs about 90.And for recipients ,there's not only a demand for payment,there 's a wad of solicitations that nearly everyone throws away.But for banks trying to make it on the Internet,bills are cool .Bankers see bills as surefire eyeball-grabbers in an environment where it's tough to command consumer attention--and a key to protecting their existing business managing cash for big companies.Increasingly,banks are battling high-tech competitors for control of Internet billing,or electronic-bill presentment,as it is called.
To be sure,this is a fight over a business that is in its infancy.Few bills are now sent via the Net,and online payment systems often involve a paper check.
But the technology exists to send bills from business to customers and route payments back on the Net.By the end of next year,industry analysts estimate upwards of 4.5 million households will be receiving bills online .What's more, sending and handling bills over the Net should be about 40% cheaper than paper delivery, says the Gartner Group, a research firm in Stamford, Conn.
The question is who will become the bill collector on the Net.Bankers reckon that if they can turn their Web sites into mailboxes for electronic bills ,they can become key entry points on the Net-portals,even.That would enable them to sell other financial services online. The fear is that existing portals,such as Yahoo! or even American Online,will become centers of bill payment and , in turn ,siphon off existing bank business . "banks have been slow to get into this," says Kenneth J.Kerr,a Garter analyst in Durham,N.C. "But they realize there is a threat here and they need to get aboard" .
Banks have their advantages.They can offer custumers simultaneous access to their bills and their money. Banks have long relationships with the billers,such as utilities and retailers,and centuries of experience in protecting people's money.
Big banks also are worried that technology companies offering bill presentment could muscle into one of their fastest-growing business-managing cash for big companies. After all ,distributing and collecting bills is a close cousin to cash management.
At this point,predicting how the industry will shake out is premature . Banks and technology companies already have formed several alliances aimed a delivering bills on the net. More combinations are likely . What's clear, though , is the banks know they are running out of time to get their Internet billing act together.
_____From Business Week/July 19,1999
2.Principles of Regulation
The following quotation describes the scope of regulation and how it affects individuals and businesses participating in a market.
"All market and transactions are in practice regulated by some kind of government laws or regulations , and without regulations of any kind,most markets and types of transactions would cease to exist.Without laws, the terms of many types of agreement and transaction between individuals would be unenforceable and would cease. The choice facing individuals and society is not between regulation and no regulation ; it is how much regulation and what kinds of regulation are desirable."
This description portrays regulation as fully encompassing the systems of government and law with the power to。