定语从句小结

例 3. Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of mine. 例 4. We walked down the village street, where they were having market day. 分析:在前三个例句中,定语从句与先行 词关系密切,为限制性定语从句,不可用逗 号将其与主句隔开。在后两个例句中,定 语从句与先行词关系不密切,为非限制性 定语从句,可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
例 2. The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.
1. She heard a terrible noise, _________ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. Have you ever been to Xi'an,________ I left ten years ago. A. which B. whose C. that D. / 3. The weather turned out to be very good, _________ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 4. His English, ________ used to be
4. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair. A whose B which C of which D that
5. This is the factory ______ we visited the other day. A what B as C at which D/
.他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物,这 使她非常高兴。 He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, that pleased her a lot. false He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, which pleased her a lot. true (二)关系代词替代情况不同 关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中 作宾语时可用 who 代替 whom ,但 whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来代替。
二、外在表现形式不同 限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密 切,所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开; 而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十 分密切,所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。 例 1. Do you remember the girl who taught us English? 例 2. Clock is a kind of instrument which can tell people time
very poor is now excellent. A. which B. that C. it D . Whom 5. Some of the roads were flooded, __________ makes our journey more difficult. A. that B. it C. which D. who 6. I'll find a nice girl, _________ I want to marry. A. who B. whom C. that D. which 7. I'll come at ten, ________ I'll be free .
A. which B. that C. when D. what 8. She has two brothers, _________ are teachers. A. who B. that C. whom D. / 9. Which answer is NOT true? This is the factory ________ I visited yesterday. A. that B. which C. / D. where 10. I still remember the days _________ I spent in Beijing. A. when B. what C. that D. during
1. B 2. A 3.8. A 9. D 10. C
6. as和which 引导非限定性定语从句的区别是什么？ 位置不同：as既可以位于句首也可以位于句中，which只 能位于句中。As有词意“正如······一样”。 7.用that不用which的情况有哪些？ 1.先行词是不定代词 2.先行词被形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时，或者先行词 本身就是形容词最高级或序数词 3.先行词被the only，the very，the last，just，all， every，few等修饰时 4.先行词既有人又有物 5.主句是以which或who开头的疑问句
人/物 主 物 物 人 人 人/物 物 主 主
宾 宾 宾 宾
表 表 表
定
1. Tom is good at maths, so I think he is the student ______ can help you to work out this problem. A whom B who C which D what
1.定语从句的概念是什么？
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2 定语从句分几类？怎样区分？
定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。 在非限定性定语从句，先行词和关系词中间有逗号隔开。 限定性定语从句没有。
3 先行词的定义
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
4 关系词的分类及作用 5 关系代词有哪些？
8.He told us the stories and the writers ______ interested him. A that B which C what D who
9.The most important thing ____ we should pay attention to is the first thing ____ I have said. A which; that B that; which C which; which D that; that 10. Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons ___ they were fond of ____ influenced their whole lives. A which; that B that; which C which; which D that; that
6.主句是there be结构时 7. 当先行词前有the same修饰，先行词和关系词指同一物时 8.用which不用that的情况有哪些？ 1.关系代词前有介词 2.引导非限定性定语从句 3.先行词本身是that 4.一个句子中有两个定语从句
关系代词 人/物 主语 宾语 表语 定语 物 that which who whom whose
2. Which of the two cows ______ you keep produce more milk? A that B which C whom D what
3. Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest ______ everyone likes to visit. A that B as C which D what
三、先行词内容有所不同 大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的 先行词是一个词或短语,有时非限制性定 语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时非 限制性定语从句常由 which 引导。 e.g. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. e.g. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.
例 1. This is the girl whom I met in the street. 例 2. A young man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress. (三)关系代词省略情况不同 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语 时可以省去,非限制性定语从句的所有关 系词均不可省。 例 1. This is the book (which/that) he lost yesterday.
6.Those _______ want to see the film please write down your names here. A them B whose C who D whom
7. Anything ______ could be found has been used to repair the damaged bridge. A which B that C what D whose
1.引导定语从句 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 2.指代先行词 3.在从句中充当成分 that、which、who、whose、whom、as
Grammar
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区 别 一、在句中作用不同 限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有 限定制约作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明 确。限制性定语从句不能被省略,否则句意 就不完整。 非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十 分密切,只是对其作一些附加说明,不起限 定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省 去,主句的意义仍然完整。