傲慢与偏见婚姻观的开题报告
傲慢与偏见 开题报告
说通过质朴生动的描写，将作品中的社会生活及人情世故展现在读者面前。
在特殊的年代背景下，造就了金钱在婚姻中的地位，随之，影响了人们的婚 姻观。小说中的人物都被赋予的典型性，充分体现金钱在女性选择婚姻中的 重要地位，进而，作者也揭示了婚姻中单单有金钱是不够的，更需要爱情的 滋润，婚姻这片土壤才能开出美丽的花。 现实意义：《傲慢与偏见》以一种爱情轻喜剧的方式向读者展示着一段段因 人而异的婚姻，读起来轻松愉悦，实则包含了深刻的道理：婚姻是爱情的前 提，经济能力是爱情的保障。为了财产、地位而结婚是错误的，但是不考虑 财产和地位的婚姻也是愚蠢的。当今世界，文化趋于多元化，正是由于文化 的多元化导致了人们价值观的多元化。随之，对婚姻的看法自然也存在着差 异。时代不同，婚姻展示给我们的风貌也不同。不论世界如何变化，时代怎 样变迁，婚姻与爱情一直都是人们关注和讨论的话题。关于这个话题，众说 纷纭，有的认为经济上的门当户对是举足轻重的，也有人认为爱情是前提， 没有爱情的婚姻是不幸的。不同的人对于婚姻观有着不同的态度。简•奥斯汀 通过小说告诉人们只有爱情与经济能力共同兼顾的婚姻，才是理想的婚姻。 这为当代人们选择婚姻的态度提供了参考价值以及引导作用。 二、 研究现状分析
1997,04:18-27.）第三，违背关系准则。小说第二章中,当班纳特先生通过兜
圈而以向全家人展示他访问了彬格莱先生这一重大新闻时,班纳特太太的一番
话可说是违反关系准则的绝好例子。“在这里,一家人坐在一起谈论参加邻居
的聚会见到彬格莱先生的可能性,班纳特太太训斥女儿的话与正在谈论的话题
毫不相关,看似破坏了关系准则,但会话照常进行,合作原则在更深的层次上得
话语分析是应用语言学一门新的学科，它的研究范畴不仅仅局限于语言 的表层意义和更深一层的结构，还涉及到通过话语分析而探究其社会文化语 境和认知功能。在过去的多年中，应用语言学家对话语分析的兴趣十分浓厚， 自然，文学成了话语分析研究的主要对象。与此同时，小说也成为了话语分 析的选材，小说往往是通过对人物对话的描写来反映他们的交际目的。人物 对话在小说中的地位是举足轻重的，读者通过人物的语言不仅仅可以理解故 事情节的发展，还可以了解作者的创作意图。所以，语言不但可以传递信息， 还可以帮助作者更好的表达感情。
浅析傲慢与偏见中的婚姻观
浅析《傲慢与偏见中的婚姻观》摘要《傲慢与偏见》以其独特的魅力以及生动的语言向世人展现了不同态度的婚姻观，无论是奥斯汀所处的年代还是当代，婚姻观一直都是社会上广泛讨论的问题，《傲慢与偏见》中所体现的婚姻观对当代的婚姻观具有一定的现实意义。
笔者通过父母、男性以及女性三个不同的视角向读者展示了因人而异的婚姻观。
而后，从不同态度的婚姻观中得出理想的婚姻模式，脾性相投，爱情与经济共有的婚姻才是理想的婚姻。
无论时代如何变迁，作品中所体现的婚姻观对于当代年轻人同样有着提示与警醒的作用。
关键词：婚姻观；男性；女性；爱情；金钱；理想；现实ANALYSES THE MARRIAGE OF PRIDE AND PREJUDICEABSTRACTPride and Prejudice with its unique charm and vivid language to show the world a different attitude of marriage, whether it is the era in which Austin lived or the contemporary era, the view of marriage has always been a widely discussed issue in the society. Pride and Prejudice revealing the concept of marriage has some practical significance for the contemporary view of marriage. The writer shows readers various of marriage through parents, men and women in three different perspectives. Then, it concluded ideal marriage patterns from different attitudes toward view of marriage. Congenial temperament is the ideal marriage with love and economy. No matter how the times change, the work reflects the view of marriage which also has the effect of tips and cautions for contemporary young people.Key words: marriage; men; women; love; money; ideal; reality目录绪论 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1一、因人而异的婚姻观 ----------------------------------------------------- 3（一）父母眼里的婚姻 ------------------------------------------------- 3（二）男性眼里的婚姻 ------------------------------------------------- 41.拥有了金钱就拥有选择婚姻的主动权 ------------------------------- 42.改善自我，获得真爱 --------------------------------------------- 4（三）女性眼里的婚姻 ------------------------------------------------- 51.特定社会背景下女性结婚现状 ------------------------------------- 52.婚姻中对于金钱与地位的态度 ------------------------------------- 53.勇于追求自己的婚姻 --------------------------------------------- 6二、理想的婚姻 ----------------------------------------------------------- 6（一）脾性相投 ------------------------------------------------------- 6（二）爱情是婚姻的前提，经济是婚姻的保障 ----------------------------- 71.单有经济没有爱情作支撑的婚姻 ----------------------------------- 72.爱情与经济相结合的婚姻 ----------------------------------------- 8三、对现代婚姻观的意义 --------------------------------------------------- 8结语 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 9参考文献 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 10致谢 --------------------------------------------------- 错误!未定义书签。
傲慢与偏见开题报告
傲慢与偏见开题报告篇一：开题报告应用技术学院XX级英语专业学年论文（2）写作报告书姓名：李琴玲班级：英语0882学号：XX指导老师：沈仲平设计日期：等级评定：英语专业第二教研室XX年11月文献综述篇二：关于《论〈傲慢与偏见〉中的女性意识》的论证报告关于《论〈傲慢与偏见〉中的女性意识》的论证报告专业：汉语言文学班级：09中文学号：09****09 姓名：maggie kong一、论文选题本人XX届的毕业论文选题为：论《傲慢与偏见》中的女性意识。
一直以来，本人就很喜欢读一些外国文学的作品，其中《傲慢与偏见》是最为喜欢的一部作品，因此，本人的论文题目是与《傲慢与偏见》这本书有关的。
而之所以选择这一题目，理由主要有两点：其一，本人对简·奥斯丁这位女作家的喜爱，她认为妇女和男人一样有智力、有理性，她以女性特有的细致入微的观察力，真实地描绘了她周围世界的小天地，在她的笔下，女子和男子一样具有获得知识的能力，妇女不必把忍耐、顺从当成美德，她们向往在互相尊重的基础上缔结的婚姻。
其二，《傲慢与偏见》中的女性形象在当时的社会很具有典型性，具有明显的女性意识，尤其是女主人公伊丽莎白，她聪敏机智，有胆识，有远见，有很强的自尊心，并善于思考问题，这就当时一个待字闺中的小姐来讲，是难能可贵的，也正是由于这种品质，才使她在爱情问题上有独立的主见，并促使了她与达西美满的婚姻。
（一）选题意义18世纪末19世纪初的英国，无论是当时的社会现实还是在文学作品中，男性一直处于中心和主宰地位。
男性的主导地位不仅体现在当时的经济、政治和所有意识形态领域，尤其根深蒂固地渗透于男性作家的文学作品中。
就以狄更斯、劳伦斯等男作家的创作而论，他们的作品无一不是以男主人公唱主角，小说情节都是以男性为中心铺展开的。
女性的形象要么是“家里的天使”，完全听任男人的摆布；要么是女巫、妖魔等令人厌恶的形象。
即使是当时的女性作家，她们或多或少也都是从男性的视角或借用男性的写作手法来看待整个世界的。
傲慢与偏见的婚姻观分析
傲慢与偏见的婚姻观分析
首先，小说中婚姻的目的是社会地位和经济保障。
在《傲慢与偏见》中，贵族与中产阶级之间的婚姻往往是一种交易，旨在保证家族的财富和地位。
例如，达西先生一开始对伊丽莎白没有好感，主要是因为她属于家族地位较低的中等家庭。
然而，通过和伊丽莎白的相处，他逐渐了解了她的真实品质，不再将地位放在第一位，最终与伊丽莎白结婚。
相反，小说中一些人物如卢卡斯太太和柯林斯先生则完全将婚姻视为获得财富和社会地位的手段，他们没有全心全意地为了爱情而婚姻，而是将其视为个人利益的一种延续。
此外，《傲慢与偏见》也展现了女性在婚姻中的处境和权力不足。
在19世纪的英国社会中，女性的婚姻往往是由家族和社会决定的，她们没有自由选择婚姻对象的权力。
这一点在小说中得到了明确的体现，例如珍·奥斯汀姐妹中的几位女性（如伊丽莎白和简）都受到了家庭、地位和财富的局限。
然而，伊丽莎白是个例外，她坚持选择真爱而不是地位和财富，最终得到了幸福的婚姻。
傲慢与偏见开题报告
傲慢与偏见开题报告本科⽣毕业论⽂（设计）开题报告学⽣姓名学号所在院系专业指导教师姓名指导教师职称指导教师单位毕业论⽂题⽬浅析《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观开题报告内容选题背景及选题意义（国内外研究现状、初步设想及拟解决的问题）⼀、选题意义《傲慢与偏见》是⼀部世界性的经典名著，作者是英国作家简?奥斯汀。
众所周知，简?奥斯汀是被誉为 “可与莎⼠⽐亚平起平坐”的作家。
《傲慢与偏见》被翻译成多种⽂字在多个国家发⾏，作者在⼩说中将⼗⼋世纪末到⼗九世纪初英国乡镇的社会⽣活以及⼈情世故展现在读者⾯前。
长久以来，众多评论家们在持续探究《傲慢与偏见》中作者本⼈的⽣活对婚姻的看法，对⼩说中的婚姻观也进⾏了细致的分析。
《傲慢与偏见》以其独特的魅⼒以及⽣动的语⾔展现了不同态度的婚姻观，⽆论时代如何发展，婚姻观⼀直都是社会上⼴泛讨论的问题，随着时代的发展，逐渐进⼊了信息⼤爆炸的社会，⼈们的思想观念也在潜移默化中受到了很⼤影响。
⽽今，80后以及90后作为社会的主体，他们的婚姻观更是引起社会的⼴泛关注。
《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观会给予当代的80后及90后很多启⽰。
理论意义：《傲慢与偏见》是简?奥斯汀于1813年创作的⼀本深受⼈们喜爱且被⼴泛阅读的佳作。
该书被社会⼤众⼴为流传，其中⼀个重要原因便是⼩说通过质朴⽣动的描写，将作品中的社会⽣活及⼈情世故展现在读者⾯前。
在特殊的年代背景下，造就了⾦钱在婚姻中的地位，随之，影响了⼈们的婚姻观。
⼩说中的⼈物都被赋予的典型性，充分体现⾦钱在⼥性选择婚姻中的重要地位，进⽽，作者也揭⽰了婚姻中单单有⾦钱是不够的，更需要爱情的滋润，婚姻这⽚⼟壤才能开出美丽的花。
现实意义：《傲慢与偏见》以⼀种爱情轻喜剧的⽅式向读者展⽰着⼀段段因⼈⽽异的婚姻，读起来轻松愉悦，实则包含了深刻的道理：婚姻是爱情的前提，经济能⼒是爱情的保障。
为了财产、地位⽽结婚是错误的，但是不考虑财产和地位的婚姻也是愚蠢的。
当今世界，⽂化趋于多元化，正是由于⽂化的多元化导致了⼈们价值观的多元化。
分析《傲慢与偏见》婚姻观的开题报告
附表3商丘学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告分院：外国语年月日题目View of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice学生姓名梁欣欣专业班级英专1002班课题类型理论研究指导教师张腾耀职称课题来源教育教学1.选题背景（含国内外相关研究综述及评价）与意义选题背景：长久以来对于《傲慢与偏见》评论家们一直都在探究作者本人的生活对婚姻及女权主义的看法。
以及其极具魅力，生动的语言的研究，而无论在哪个社会，婚姻观一直都是社会的热点问题，随着经济和科技的发展，人们接受信息的途径越来越多，思想观念、生活方式等方面都受到了影响。
特别是中国当代的年轻人，他们开放而且能够很快地接受新鲜事物。
如今，90后作为社会的主体，更是引起社会的广泛关注。
选题意义：理论意义：简•奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》写于1813年，一直以来很受欢迎，并被广泛阅读。
该书最吸引人之处在于对人物极其生动的描绘，——尤其通过个性鲜明和措辞巧妙的的对话而进行的描绘。
简单和复杂的人物常常是令人啼笑皆非地不知道如何在言谈中表现了他们自己。
特定的历史时代决定了那个时候的人们对金钱特别看重，影响波及婚姻观念。
在这篇文章里面，书中大部分人物的婚姻选择都用来作为典型，证实金钱体现他们的婚姻价值取向。
（论文的理论和学术价值），现实意义：《傲慢与偏见》傲慢与偏见虽是一出闪烁着斗智意味的爱情轻喜剧, 但实际却告诉我们一真理, 那就是牢固的爱情是婚姻的奠基石。
为了财产、金钱和地位而结婚是错误的; 而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。
简·奥斯丁通过小说告诉人们必须行动和自省才有希望, 人的尊严绝不是与生俱来的, 而是从行动和自省中获得, 透过理性的行动,把人类的王国建立得具有一个心灵价值的模式, 以与物质世俗有别。
2.选题研究的方法与主要内容研究方法：即通过何种途径完成本篇论文。
如观察法，调查法，实验法，经验总结法，个案法，比较研究法，文献资料法。
通过此方法研究出了什么内容。
傲慢与偏见 开题报告
2015年11月完成论文选题；
2016年1月完成论文开题报告；
2016年2月至3月完成论文初稿并汇报论文进程；
2016年4月至5月论文定稿并提交论文。
指导教师
意 见
（从选题、理论与实证准备、研究（设计）方法、工作安排等方面给出评价，并提出指导意见）
（指导教师手填）
指导教师签名：
年月日
（2）选题的意义
简•奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》写于1813年，自出版以来，广受读者欢迎，被广泛阅读。尤其是简•奥斯丁以幽默的笔触，蕴含深意的对话，向读者呈现了一幅以爱情婚姻为主题的英国中产阶级生活的广阔画卷。英国的十八十九世纪是资本主义上升时期，工业革命带来经济繁荣的同时，使人们的思想观念发生了很大变化，金钱为上的拜金主义观在婚姻选择中盛行。在该小说中，五对男女青年不同的婚姻选择都可以用作典型来分析，体现他们的婚姻价值取向。《傲慢与偏见》虽是一出闪烁着斗智意味的爱情轻喜剧,但实际却告诉我们一个真理,那就是牢固的爱情是婚姻的奠基石。为了财产、金钱和地位而结婚是错误的;而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。简·奥斯丁通过小说告诉人们必须行动和自省才有希望,人的尊严绝不是与生俱来的,而是从行动和自省中获得,透过理性的行动,把人类的王国建立成一个具有心灵价值的模式,以与物质世俗有别。因此，简•奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》中所体现的婚姻观对当下人们的婚姻选择以及生活态度有很大的现实意义。
1.2The Thesis of the Papers
Chapter Two:Four Different Views of Marriage inPride and Prejudice
2.1The Marriage View of Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy Based on Mutual
《傲慢与偏见》之婚姻观浅析-开题报告
论文题目《傲慢与偏见》之婚姻观浅析
院 （系）陕西学前师范学院
专 业外国语言文学系
姓 名郭春兰
学 号2012134219
指 导 教 师王秋云
完 成 时 间2015.12.22
陕西学前师范学院本科生毕业开题报告
题 目
《傲慢与偏见》之婚姻观浅析
学生姓名
郭春兰
学 号
2012134219
Content
Thesis Statement:In this paper, through the description of the four types of male and female marriage, it stresses the importance of the economic status of women’s love and marriage of importance and bound, and points out that the marriage should not be decided only by the property and position. It can be found that marriage without money is not sensible, but only for the sake of money marriage is also wrong. It has great practical significance for today’s society, and it is important to consider the marriage issue from many aspects, to avoid the blind and the unreasonable choice.
傲慢与偏见 开题报告材料
话语分析是应用语言学一门新的学科，它的研究畴不仅仅局限于语言的表层意义和更深一层的结构，还涉及到通过话语分析而探究其社会文化语境和认知功能。在过去的多年中，应用语言学家对话语分析的兴趣十分浓厚，自然，文学成了话语分析研究的主要对象。与此同时，小说也成为了话语分析的选材，小说往往是通过对人物对话的描写来反映他们的交际目的。人物对话在小说中的地位是举足轻重的，读者通过人物的语言不仅仅可以理解故事情节的发展，还可以了解作者的创作意图。所以，语言不但可以传递信息，还可以帮助作者更好的表达感情。
现实意义：《傲慢与偏见》以一种爱情轻喜剧的方式向读者展示着一段段因人而异的婚姻，读起来轻松愉悦，实则包含了深刻的道理：婚姻是爱情的前提，经济能力是爱情的保障。为了财产、地位而结婚是错误的，但是不考虑财产和地位的婚姻也是愚蠢的。当今世界，文化趋于多元化，正是由于文化的多元化导致了人们价值观的多元化。随之，对婚姻的看法自然也存在着差异。时代不同，婚姻展示给我们的风貌也不同。不论世界如何变化，时代怎样变迁，婚姻与爱情一直都是人们关注和讨论的话题。关于这个话题，众说纷纭，有的认为经济上的门当户对是举足轻重的，也有人认为爱情是前提，没有爱情的婚姻是不幸的。不同的人对于婚姻观有着不同的态度。简•奥斯汀通过小说告诉人们只有爱情与经济能力共同兼顾的婚姻，才是理想的婚姻。这为当代人们选择婚姻的态度提供了参考价值以及引导作用。
论《傲慢与偏见》之婚姻观
论《傲慢与偏见》之婚姻观摘要：“有钱的单身汉总要娶位太太，这是一条举世公认的真理。
”古往今来，人类的婚姻观发生着种种演变。
但与这条真理一样，“男才女貌”也是婚姻观中亘古不变的基础。
对于男之“才”人们则不介意是这个“才”还是那个“财”。
贫贱夫妻百事哀，没有“财”是万万不能的，同时“才”亦是“财”的基础。
对于婚姻问题看得最透彻的莫属英国十九世纪杰出作家简·奥斯丁，而在她众多优秀作品中表现男女婚姻观问题最经典的莫过于《傲慢与偏见》。
关键词：门当户对男才女貌阻力真爱正如“男才女貌”一样，“门当户对”也是婚姻观中基础中的基础。
简·奥斯丁生活的时代是一个以金钱为价值标准的时代。
一个人的社会地位是以收入的多少来决定的。
为了保持家族的地位，家庭财产传长不传幼，所以菲茨威廉上校虽出身贵族，却并没有多少遗产可以继承。
凯瑟琳夫人和她姐姐在子女还在襁褓中就打算联姻，把两家的财产联在一起。
在没有男继承人的情况下，限定继承人法就发挥作用，财产不能给女儿，而必须给同宗的男性。
柯林斯先生就是这规定的“受益人”。
不管贝内特太太和柯林斯先生多么可笑，在价值观上却和达西，凯瑟琳夫人并没有什么不同，他们都毫无保留地接受了社会的价值观。
所以达西要阻止宾利和简的婚事，柯林斯以为自己愿意娶没有嫁妆的伊丽莎白是一种恩赐。
在中国的古典作品中这种“门当户对”式的乱点鸳鸯也比比皆是。
汤显祖的《牡丹亭》中杜丽娘与柳梦梅便是因门不当户不对而历经苦难。
在《傲慢与偏见》中，达西与伊丽莎白，宾利与简都是“门当户对”的反面典型。
然而他们的结合都是美满与幸福的。
这不是在根本上否定“门当户对”这一亘古理论而是在力证不是所有幸福的婚姻都需要“门当户对”换句话说，只是在强调这个命题。
《傲慢与偏见》中奥斯丁用正反很多对例子向我们证明了“门当户对”只是一个必要条件，真正能使婚姻中的两个人获得幸福并延续下去的是两个人在思想，精神层面上的惺惺相惜，共通共融。
《傲慢与偏见》的社会阶级与婚姻观分析
《傲慢与偏见》的社会阶级与婚姻观分析1. 引言1.1 概述《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀的经典小说之一，描绘了19世纪英国社会中严重存在的社会阶级差距和对婚姻观念的影响。
本文将从社会阶级与婚姻观两个方面进行分析，探讨小说中这两者之间的关系及相互作用。
1.2 文章结构本文主要分为五个部分：引言、社会阶级与婚姻观、傲慢与偏见中的社会阶级分析、傲慢与偏见中的婚姻观分析以及结论。
首先，我们将对社会阶级和婚姻观进行定义和分析。
然后，通过对小说中上层社会和下层社会人物形象描绘的比较，来揭示不同社会阶级之间的差异及其在婚姻选择上所体现出来的冲突。
接着，我们将进一步探讨《傲慢与偏见》中不同人物对于婚姻观念的坚持、转变和冲突。
最后，在结论部分，我们将总结文章主要观点和发现，并对傲慢与偏见中社会阶级与婚姻观的启示和反思进行探讨，同时展望未来相关领域的研究方向。
1.3 目的本文旨在通过对社会阶级与婚姻观在《傲慢与偏见》中的分析，深入了解19世纪英国社会中不同阶级之间的冲突和互动，以及这种冲突如何影响人们对于婚姻的选择和观念。
通过揭示小说中人物形象所体现出的社会背景以及对待婚姻的态度，我们可以更好地理解当时社会风气并从中获得启示。
此外，本文还将展望未来相关领域的研究方向，为后续学者提供借鉴和参考。
2. 社会阶级与婚姻观2.1 社会阶级的定义与分析社会阶级是指在社会中根据财富、权力和地位等因素将人们划分成不同层次或阶层的一种社会组织形式。
一般来说，社会阶级可以分为上层阶级、中层阶级和下层阶级。
上层阶级包括富裕的商业精英、政治家和高级官员；中层阶级主要涵盖白领工人、技术专业人士等；下层阶级则是指贫困劳动者、无业游民等。
2.2 婚姻观在社会阶级中的作用婚姻观是指人们对于婚姻制度以及结婚对象的认知和观念。
社会阶级对于婚姻观有着深远影响。
由于不同阶层的人所处的环境和生活经历有着巨大差异，他们对于婚姻的态度也不尽相同。
在上层社会，由于拥有更多的财富和权力，他们往往更加看重门当户对和经济实力匹配。
傲慢与偏见婚姻观开题报告
傲慢与偏见婚姻观开题报告傲慢与偏见婚姻观开题报告一、引言傲慢与偏见是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作之一，被誉为英国文学的经典之作。
小说以19世纪英国乡村为背景，通过对婚姻观念的描绘，展现了当时社会的种种偏见和傲慢。
本文将从傲慢与偏见的主要人物形象入手，分析小说中不同人物对婚姻的态度和观念，探讨其中蕴含的社会意义。
二、傲慢与偏见的主要人物形象1. 伊丽莎白·班内特伊丽莎白是小说的主人公，她聪明机智，有独立的思想和判断力。
她对婚姻持有较为理性的态度，不愿意为了金钱地位而妥协。
她拒绝了多位追求者，包括富有的达西先生，因为她认为婚姻应该建立在相互尊重和真爱的基础上。
2. 达西先生达西是一个富有的绅士，他的傲慢和自负使他在伊丽莎白的眼中变得不可接受。
在与伊丽莎白的相处中，他逐渐认识到自己的错误，并通过改变自己的态度来追求伊丽莎白的心。
他的转变表明，在婚姻观念中，金钱地位并不是唯一的考量因素。
3. 班内特夫人班内特夫人是伊丽莎白的母亲，她是一个典型的市侩，追求名利。
她对婚姻持有功利的态度，希望女儿们能嫁给有钱人。
她的婚姻观念代表了当时社会中一部分人的思想，也反映了当时社会对婚姻的偏见。
三、不同人物对婚姻的态度和观念1. 伊丽莎白的婚姻观伊丽莎白对婚姻持有理性的态度，她认为婚姻应该建立在相互尊重和真爱的基础上。
她拒绝了多位追求者，包括富有的达西先生，因为她认为金钱地位并不是婚姻的唯一考量因素。
她的婚姻观念代表了当时社会中一部分受教育女性的思想。
2. 达西的婚姻观达西一开始对婚姻持有傲慢和自负的态度，认为贫穷的班内特家庭不值得他的追求。
然而，在与伊丽莎白的相处中，他逐渐认识到自己的错误，并通过改变自己的态度来追求伊丽莎白的心。
他的转变表明，在婚姻观念中，金钱地位并不是唯一的考量因素。
3. 班内特夫人的婚姻观班内特夫人是一个典型的市侩，她追求名利，希望女儿们能嫁给有钱人。
她的婚姻观代表了当时社会中一部分人的思想，也反映了当时社会对婚姻的偏见。
傲慢与偏见婚姻观的开题报告
2.4 Marriage Decided by Love andCommonUnderstanding
3.1 Positive Influences
3.1.1Love-Oriented marriage
3.1.2Considering theRealistic Conditions
4.主要参考文献
[1] Austen.Pride and Prejudice[M]. Shanghai Sanlian Book store, 2010.
奥斯汀的每一部小说都机智风趣，被评论家称之为社会风俗喜剧。她以女性特有的敏锐和细腻描绘她的小天地。她的小说虽不涉及可怕的灾祸和重大的矛盾，只有日常生活中的风波和人物之间的喜剧性冲突，格调轻松诙谐，但这一部部描写世态人情的喜剧作品犹如生活中的一面面镜子，世人可以从中感到生活的意义，这就是她小说经久不衰的原因。
[8] Mei Zhixin.On Jane Austen’s Views on Marriage in Pride and Prejudice[J]. Overseas English, 2013.
[9]Wang Lili. An Analysis of Jane Austen’s Outlook on Marriage in Pride and Prejudice[J].
目的论傲慢与偏见译本开题报告
目的论傲慢与偏见译本开题报告目的论傲慢与偏见译本开题报告背景介绍简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》是英国文学史上一部经典的爱情小说，其对戏剧化的人物塑造，对于英国中上阶层的文化舞台和结构性问题的描写，以及描写出的一个充满着真实、滑稽和生机勃勃的时代背景都在文学史上占据着举足轻重的地位。
因此，《傲慢与偏见》的翻译也成为了学者们十分关注的一个问题。
然而，不同的译者有着不同的翻译思路和翻译目的，这就导致了在翻译目的的选择上出现了不同的偏向，从而导致翻译自然流畅性、文化传达性等问题，或严重或轻微。
因此，本文主要是关于《傲慢与偏见》的翻译问题，旨在从目的论的角度对照比较几部不同翻译版本，找出其中各自的翻译目的，解析它们的策略和特点，并通过深入探讨这个话题来扩展我们对于文学翻译的认识和知识。
研究意义从目的论角度研究翻译，可以帮助我们更好地理解翻译过程和翻译目的的选择。
本文从目的论角度去剖析各种翻译版本的选择，不仅能够揭示出翻译虽是一种语言转化过程，但它同时也是语境转化和文化转化的一种，尤其是在人文学科的翻译中，更是如此。
另一个重要的意义在于，研究翻译，特别是文学翻译，可以加深我们对各个语言间文化和社会性的认识，可以拓展我们的文化阅读和跨文化交流的视角，更进一步加深中西文化冲突和交融中的关系。
研究目标本文的主要研究目标是：1. 研究目的论在翻译中的应用。
2. 剖析多个版本的《傲慢与偏见》翻译的不同目的和策略。
3. 通过对比不同版本的翻译，分析其中的特点和不同之处，拓展我们对于目的论翻译的认识。
研究内容本文主要研究以下内容：一. 目的论在翻译中的应用目的论是由美国学者马尔库塞(Marcos)于20世纪80年代发明的一种翻译理论，它主张在翻译时要考虑目的，选择翻译策略和翻译水平，以达到特定的目的。
通过研究目的论，可以深入探讨翻译思路和翻译目的的选择，是一种更加科学严谨的研究方法。
翻译目的既包括翻译者的翻译理念理念、翻译目标、翻译受众等一切与翻译过程相关因素。
论文开题：论《傲慢与偏见》婚恋观
毕业论文开题报告——论《傲慢与偏见》婚恋观一、选题的目的与意义长时期以来,简•奥斯汀被誉为地位“可与莎士比亚平起平坐”的作家。
她的作品介于新古典主义和浪漫运动的抒情主义之间，她以女性特有的细致入微的观察力，真实地描绘了她周围世界的小天地。
简•奥斯汀是英国著名小说家，虽然终身未嫁,但婚恋却是她小说创作中的一贯主题。
18世纪的英国，影响婚姻的主要因素之一是资产，这与当时的社会环境息息相关。
另一主要因素是地位，。
1）引言。
2）作者背景、《傲慢与偏见》的写作背景。
3）分析《傲慢与偏见》中的四对婚姻，阐述作品中对爱情和婚姻的不同理解。
4）简述奥斯汀的爱情观和婚姻观，以及其对当下婚恋观的启示和告诫。
5）结束语。
6）参考文献。
7）致谢。
四、研究方案1）文献资料。
利用互联网资源与图书馆资源，查找与论文相关材料，对材料进行整理分析，运用所学的知识将这些材料融入自己的论文作品中。
2）现实分析举例。
对比分析当代与《傲慢与偏见》书中的爱情婚姻观。
五、研究进度安排1）2011年10月——2011年11月15日之前：查阅资料，确定论文方向。
2）2011年11 月15日——2011年12 月1日：报论文选题，确定论文题目。
3）2011年12月1日：整理资料，填写开题报告与开题任务书。
4）2011年12月1日——2012年1月1日：开题报告与任务书上交后，开始写论文第一稿，修改论文。
5）2012年1月1日——2012年3月初：完成后交与导师指导。
6）2012年3月初——2012年4月1日：完成论文第二稿，修改论文。
7）2012年4月1日——2012年5 月10日：完成论文第三稿，并交指导老师。
8）2012年5月10日前：指导老师修改后，论文定稿。
9）2012年5月15日：论文答辨。
六、预期结果通过对当代和《傲慢与偏见》作品中的爱情婚姻观分析，更深刻的理解和体会不管是现代还是以前，恋爱婚姻与财产和社会地位相互关联，但恋爱婚姻不能仅取决于财产和社会地位,正确的婚姻应当建立在相互爱慕、相互尊重的基础上。
傲慢与偏见
龙岩学院毕业论文题目：论《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情与婚姻专业：英语(师范)作者：蔡静静指导教师：马云飞讲师2008 年5 月30 日龙岩学院毕业论文开题报告所在院系：外国语学院2007年10月16日Love and Marriage in Pride and Prejudice外国语学院英语(师范)200405132 蔡静静指导老师:马云飞Abstract: Based on Maslow‟s theory of “Hierarchy of Need”, the paper mainly discusses the love and marriage of Darcy and Elizabeth, the two main heroines in the novel. Through the careful and extensive analysis, the author tries to give an account of what is the true happiness of marriage. The one who can note her own shortcomings and make efforts to overcome them to get love and marriage can get the true happiness of marriage.Key words: Hierarchy of Need; love; marriage; happiness论《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情与婚姻蔡静静摘要:基于马斯洛的需要层次理论，本文主要讨论伊丽莎白和达西这两个主人物的爱情和婚姻。
通过细致的分析，作者试图说明什么才是幸福的婚姻。
能够认识到自己的缺点并努力去解决的人才能获得真正的幸福的婚姻。
关键词:需要理论；爱情；婚姻；幸福CONTENTSI. Introduction (1)II. Maslow’s Theory of Hierarchy of Needs (1)2. 1 Physiological need (1)2. 2 Safety need (1)2. 3 Belongingness and love need (1)2. 4 Esteem need (1)2. 5 Need to know (2)2. 6 Aesthetic need (2)2. 7 Self-actualization need (2)III. Social Background and the Marriages in the Novel. (2)3. 1 Marriage of Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Bennet (2)3. 2 Marriage of Charlotte and Mr. Collins (3)3. 3 Marriage of Lydia and Mr. Wickham (3)3. 4 Marriage of Jane and Mr. Bingley (3)3. 5 Marriage of Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy (3)IV. Development of Elizabeth and Darcy’ s love and Marriage (3)4. 1 Characteristics of Elizabeth and Darcy (4)4. 2 Elizabeth‟s exploration for love and marriage (4)4. 3、Darcy‟ s exploration of love and marriage (6)V. Conclusion (7)I. IntroductionJane Austen was a famous English novelist who was born on 16 December 1775 in a country clergyman‟s family and died on July 18, 1817, and was buried in the cathedral in Winchester. She had wrote six complete novels, among them Pride and Prejudice had attracted most people‟s attention. This book had been above the reading list for scholars as well as common people. According to Anne Isabella Milbanke（1792--1860）, she said that “Before May, 1813, Pride and Prejudice has become the …fashionable novel‟.”⑴Walter Scott at her publisher John Murray‟s urging wrote: “Have you any fancy to dash off an article on …Emma‟ ”? It wants incident and romance, does it not? None of the author‟s other novels have been noticed [by Murray‟s own periodical, the Quarterly Review] and surely …Pride and Prejudice‟ merits high commendation.⑵There are five different kinds of marriages in Pride and Prejudice. This paper tends to analyze the love and marriage of Elizabeth and Darcy by using Maslow‟s theory of Hierarchy of Needs.Ⅱ. Maslow’s Theory of Hierarchy of NeedsAbraham Harold Maslow (1908-1970), an American psychologist, was born on 1st April 1908 in a poor, immigrant, Russian Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York. He was known as an American social psychologist, personality theorist, comparison psychologist, the founder and the theorist of Humanistic psychology, the leader of the third force of psychology. Abraham H. Maslow was famous for his fundamental and universal theory called “theory of hierarchy of Needs‟‟ which was put forward in his book entitled A Theory of Human Motivation in 1943. According to his theory, there are seven levels of needs.2. 1 Physiological needPhysiological need is the most basic and original need of all needs. There are biological needs. They are the needs to maintain lives and to continue races, including the needs of food, oxygen, water shelter and sleeping and so on.2. 2 Safety needPeople hope to be protected and to avoid threatening from outside so that they can gain the sense of safety. There are three typical kinds of safety needs: a. the safety need of life, i.e, everyone hopes to have a safe place to grow and develop. b. the safety need of property. c. the safety need of profession.2. 3 Belongingness and love needHuman beings are social animals that all people like feeling a sense of belonging, or they will be lonely and feel alone. Belongingness and love need is that each individual has the needs of being accepted, being loved and cared, being attended to, being encouraged and being supported by other individuals and groups.They also hope to find their belongingness in the social group and to establish a harmonious relationship.2. 4 Esteem needEsteem need is the need to pursue one‟s own social value which is based on the satisfaction of physiological need, safety need and belongingness and love need. As a person in the world, a needfor a stable firmly self-confident and valuable is required. It consists of self-esteem need and the esteem a person gets from others. The individual who asks for power, achievement, self-strengthen, self-confident and independence, etc is self-esteem. The satisfaction of self-esteem makes one more capable and be full of creativity while the esteem a person gets from others is that individual wishes others to respect them and to appreciate their own potential ability and value and evoke the self-actualization need.2. 5 Need to knowNeed to know is the need about the individual‟s exploration, understanding and solving problems about themselves and the surrounding.2. 6 Aesthetic needAesthetic need is the appreciation of symmetry, order, complete structure and the wonderful behavior.2. 7 Self-actualization needSelf-actualization need is that the individual longs for giving free rein to their potential ability and hopes that they will become the one they wish and they can do the activity equally to their capability. It is the highest level of all needs.Ⅲ. Social Background and the Marriages in the Novel.The story of Pride and Prejudice happened in the time of Regency in Britain. In Britain the rank and number of rich people was expanding. But the aristocratic family still held great power and right in the countryside. They lived just as described at the beginning of the story“It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.”⑶Love and marriage are the theme of Pride and Prejudice. Love is the eternal topic in our life. And the outcome of love must lead to marriages. In the story, Austen introduced us five marriages with five couples. Confronted with different kinds of circumstance, these couples came to the marriage in their own way.3. 1 Marriage of Mr. Bennet and Mrs. BennetMr. Bennet was a middle-class aristocratic. Like other gentlemen, he liked to marry a beautiful woman. He looked forward to the beautiful love and married Mrs. Bennet who was beautiful at the first sight. But during their marriage, he found his wife was just a social vase who liked gossiping, acting as a match-making, long-winded and lacking of intelligence. This discovery led him to focus only on his own reading and to consider Mrs. Bennet just as for fun. Their lacking love and interaction made them live a senseless life. Each of them had their own mind. Mr. Bennet took Mrs. Bennet for amusement while Mrs. Bennet regarded Mr. Bennet as the warehouse. There is no love between them. According to Maslow‟s theory, they j ust marry to satisfy their physiological need and their safety need. As a poor woman, Mrs. Bennet had to find a person who can provide her house, food and other basic needs. As to Mr. Bennet, he just married for the biological need. When Mrs. Bennet asked Mr. Bennet to visit Mr. Bingley, Mr. Bennet said“It is more than I engage for.”⑷ But he continued to let his wife believe that he would not go and went on amusing Mrs. Bennet. And how can they be happy just for physiological need and for safety need?3. 2 Marriage of Charlotte and Mr. CollinsCharlotte was a person of insight. She also longed for love as other girls, but she was twenty-seven years old with no good-looking, influential family background, and much of offerings. In order to have a marriage that could prevent her from poverty and being a spinster. Chatlotte married Mr. Collins who married just for setting an example for others. Lacking of love made Chrlotte persuade her husband to work in the garden as much as possible so that she could avoid meeting Mr. Collins for most of the time. As to Mr. Collins, he was busy in flattering Lady Catherine and at his sermons, no romance in actual life. Their marriage, liked the marriage of Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Bennet, was based on fortune, money and social rank, which could satisfy their physiological and safety need. Their marriage is for the need of physiological and safety, too. This marriage can make Charlotte have a house and a husband to satisfy her basic need, so does Mr. Collins. But without love, they could not feel the happiness of the marriage.3. 3 Marriage of Lydia and Mr. WickhamLydia was a spoiled, hopelessly silly girl and Wickham, a rake, a pleasant fellow who could attract many women‟s eye balls, was good at guileful talking. His view on love was just for money. His elopement with Lydia was just for passion and sex. With the help of Darcy, they got married and avoided bad fame for all of them. Their marriage is just for the physiological need. They get married just for passion and for youth, beauty, but not for love. Their character hadn‟t changed. As the saying goes “Once subdued, always subdued.” Wickham was looking forward to another beautiful young woman and Lydia always avenged a grievance. After the passion, nothing was left. After married, they did nothing but only tended to persuade Darcy to make their fortune. The marriage was the key to bridge them together. So love was very important in marriage. Life is like a journey, and in this journey, the one who could accompany, help and comfort you to the end is your spouse. He or she can give you happiness and satisfaction.3. 4 Marriage of Jane and Mr. BingleyThe mild, innocent, beautiful Jane fell in love with Bingley who was a handsome and gentlemanlike person. Although they loved each other with true heart, their lacking of strength and self-independence hardly led to their separation. Fortunately, with the help of Darcy and Elizabeth, they finally came to their marriage. And on the basis of love, mutual-understanding and similar characteristics, they lived a happy life in their later life. Their marriage was for the belongingness and love need, aesthetic need, safety need, physiological need. They marry for the physiological need, they can gain the sense of safety, both of them are beauty, the most important is that they love each other. Supposed that without the help of Darcy, how could they get married?3. 5 Marriage of Elizabeth and Mr. DarcyElizabeth and Darcy, who married for true love with a consideration of the partner‟s personal merit as well as his economical and social status,⑸had experienced from nothing to everything and finally got to the most blessed and happiest one. According to the theory of Hierarchy of needs, their marriage is mainly the need of esteem, the need of love and the need of self-actualization. Otherwise wh y Elizabeth refuses to marry Darcy for Darcy‟s first offering of marriage.Ⅳ. Development of Elizabeth and Darcy’s Love and MarriageLove is a kind of emotion that can surpass oneself, a feeling that one regards someone as his object of love, a constant and increasing satisfaction of oneself and his lovers. It has nothing to dowith the outside. If you are in a bad mood and desperation, love can still get you happiness and ecstasy. This ecstasy is not the one who is guided by selfishness can get. Take Lydia and Wickham as an example. They were guided by passion and sex, perhaps they had love at the beginning, but after passion, nothing was left. Without love, they didn‟t want to give happiness and responsibility to each other. Then what about happiness? Hap piness doesn‟t mean the realization of aims, but a kind of pursuit. Once one has the goal, he can take a sense of fullness, know how to live, know what happiness is. Elizabeth and Darcy were the right persons. They had experienced from indifference to prejudice to love, and then got married. Of course, this must have something concerning with their characteristics.4. 1 Characteristics of Elizabeth and DarcyElizabeth was a clever and quick-minded woman. She had a warm heart as shown on her hearing that Jane had a bad cold, she decided to go there to look after Jane. For the bad weather and shortage of transport, she went there on foot with the mud sticking to her skirt which was deemed to be very bad, like a drowned mouse at that time. She was quite firm in her own belief in love and marriage. When Charlotte told Elizabeth that she had engaged to Mr. Collins, Elizabeth was very surprised and felt that Charlotte had disgraced herself. Every coin has two sides. Just as this characteristic combined with her eloquence and quick conclusion, which made her pride herself on her judgment and acts accordingly.⑹And these led her to give rise to prejudice and began the journey of overcoming and questing for love and marriage.Darcy, the owner of Pembeley, with a fortune of ten thousand a year, made him pride in nature. His social status made him look down upon the businessman and the lower social class. Although he was very intelligent, frank and his quick conclusion made him suffer a lot just as Elizabeth.4. 2 Elizabe th’s exploration for love and marriageThe feeling of family members, friendship and affection are the three major kinds of emotion for human beings. As for Elizabeth, she was in her twenties and the big thing for her to do was to seek for love, then to ma rry. Her parents‟ unfortunate marriage had influenced Elizabeth‟s view on marriage. “The elopement of Lydia and Wickham makes her never feel so strongly as now the disadvantages which must attend the children of so unsuitable a marriage, nor even been so fully aware of the evils arising from ill-judged a direction of talents.”⑺ Although she was clear about the unfitting nature of her father‟s behavior as a husband. To a certain degree, her father‟s irresponsibility caused the difficult situation of the family. So her paying heed to love in a marriage was conspicuous.As a woman with little fortune, the best way to lead an easy life at that time was to marry a man, especially the one with property. According to Maslow, the physiological needs include the needs for food, air and to maintain one‟s life. One wants to find safe circu mstances, stability, protection, and wants to have a home is the manifestation of safety and security needs. Mr. Collins was so confident that he would win the heart of Elizabeth and marry her. Mr. Collins did have good conditions at that time. With proper ty, with house, it would satisfy every common woman‟s material and safety need. If Elizabeth wanted to have a safe home just for the physiological need and the safety need, she only needed to accept Collins, that was enough. But she refused. She didn‟t wan t to live like her parents. Without love, without mutual-understanding, and without responsibility but perpetually tolerated each other. Even if she didn‟t worry the food and house, she couldn‟t accept Mr. Collins because she was a woman seeking for love. She needed love but not warehouse. Her honesty, virtue, and lively wit enabled her to rise above the nonsense and bad behavior that pervaded her class-bound and often spiteful society.⑻ Mr. Collins was such a nonsense person thathe married just to set an example for others. To some extent, it was the situation of her parents‟ marriage that deepened her mind of seeking for true love. Elizabeth wanted to seek a person who could appreciate her and her merits.Then, she met Wickham, a young man of pleasing appearance as Elizabeth described, was handsome and had very pleasing manners. He won Elizabeth‟s heart really as shown that “Elizabeth felt that she had not been thinking of him with at all unreasonable admiration.”⑼ So Elizabeth loved him at that time. Maslow presents that people seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. But this involves both giving and receiving love, affection. If Wickham didn‟t turn the back on one lover and went with another, Eliz abeth might marry him under his cheating. Darcy‟s letter cleared her mind and let her know the real Wickham. Although Wickham‟s good looking could satisfy her physiological need and aesthetic need and love need. His avarice, idleness, quick to turn the back on one lover and went with another as shown in his chasing Miss King whose grandfather left her ten thousand pounds. He didn‟t give her a sense of safety, not alone the belongingness and other needs. Wickham, without money, estate, was always in debt and always dodged a creditor. He was so selfish, how could a selfish man love her wife, care her and make her happy with all his heart? This was just the little point. The point that determined Elizabeth‟s dislike of Wickham was that he insulted her. Though i t was Darcy who first “modified” his dismissal of Elizabeth‟s beauty (fairly pretty, but not good-looking enough to tempt me) elicits Elizabeth‟s prejudice against him.(10) Wickham cheated her and made her do something insensible, especially his attacking words about Darcy deepened her prejudice against Darcy. Elizabeth, a lovely, clever woman, had high self-esteem. The esteem needs involve two levels of need---the need for the respect of others, and the need for self-respect. Between them, the later is the higher form including such feelings as confidence, competence, and independence. The reason why self-respect is the higher form is that it‟s much harder to lose. Wickham‟s deception not only insulted her characteristic but also destroyed her expectation of a romantic love. As to Elizabeth, self-esteem couldn‟t be frustrated, so could love.The happy marriage should be based on reason. It should be sensible, mutual-understanding but not substantial, superficial need. When Elizabeth was told that it was Darcy who separated Bingley from her dear sister Jane, her anger sharpened as much as possible against Darcy.Hardly had one wave subsided when another rise---one trouble follows another. Darcy‟s offering of marriage to Elizabeth with“In vain have I struggled. It will not do. My feelings will not be repressed. (11)deeply insulted Elizabeth. And all the words showed his superiority and Elizabeth‟s inferiority. She felt she was insulted and condemned Darcy for all his deeds, showing her attitude that “Darcy is the last person she could ever be prevailed on to marry.”⑿In fact, Elizabeth could marry Darcy for his “so much in love which as to wish to marry her in spite of all the objections which had made him prevent his friend‟s marrying her sister, and which must appear at least with equal force in his own case, was a lmost incredible.”⒀According to Maslow‟s theory of Hierarchy of Needs, Darcy could satisfy all her basic needs and aesthetic need, but she refused, too. She didn‟t love him, so how could he satisfy her love need. Because Maslow stated that love need invol ves both giving and receiving love, affection and the sense of belonging. Owing to Darcy‟s pride, could he respect Elizabeth who was poor? If she married Darcy, how could she be equal in the marriage under Darcy‟s superiority? This confrontation made both of them mature, be ware of their self-consciousness. Elizabeth realized her prejudice and unreason against Darcy. When she visited Pembeley, the evaluation on Darcy let her know the true Darcy. He was a good-nurtured, kind person. He treated Elizabeth‟s uncle respectfully and this attracted Elizabeth‟s heart. What‟s more, Darcy who looked down upon Elizabeth‟s young sister and mother helped to combine Lydiaand Wickham. What he did without exaggeration moved Elizabeth. She found that in fact she had fallen in love with him. Esteem need includes needs for self-esteem and needs for the esteem a person gets from others. The most conspicuous characteristic of Elizabeth was her high self-esteem. In her eyes, she was the most intelligent of all the women. So could she coincide with Darcy just for basic needs? She also overcame her prejudice hoping to win back Darcy‟s love. Lady Catherine‟s interruptions made Elizabeth decide to face her love and insist on it rather than shrinking. Her overcoming shorts and insisting on her love finally got a happy end. This really showed her self-actualization need. She found her love and she didn‟t want to lose it. Her prejudice and attitude had attacked Darcy, so Elizabeth wanted to overcome her own shorts to fulfill herself and to win back Darcy‟s heart.Self-actualization need involves the constant desire to fulfill potentials, to “be all that you can be.” They are a matter of becoming the most complete, the fullest “you”. Self-actualization is the one who can accept and overcome his own shortcomings. Just like Elizabeth, a high self-esteem person, she liked to be an intelligent, upright, could get esteem from others and could be self-respect, and she was by her efforts.4. 3 Darcy’s exploration of love and marriageMr. Darcy, the owner of Pembeley with ten thousand a year was a handsome, with noble features. His superior class status and family background made him pride. Of course it made him become the most suitable man to marry.Darcy was serious in marriage. He thought that people who wanted to marry should be well watched in social and economic status. Caroline Bingley as the sister of Mr. Bingley had superior social status and fortune. The most important thing was she loved Darcy and wanted to marry him. But why Darcy didn‟t pursue her and married her. Lady Catherine cast greedy eyes on Darcy, too. She wanted Darcy to marry her daughter Miss De Bourgh. We should know that Lady Catherine was a fierce and tough person who liked to be flattered and managed all the matters around her. She took it for granted that Darcy would marry her daughter for their relationship and her superiority. And why Darcy with his own “notion of dignity ‟‟didn‟t do as Lady Catherine hoped. If they got married, it would be good for Darcy in power, property and so on. And the status of Miss De Bourgh was high, too. Both Miss De Bourgh and Caroline Bingley could satisfy Darcy‟s physiological, safety, aesthetic need. But why? Why Darcy couldn‟t accept this kind of marriage. As to Darcy, he was so rich that h e didn‟t need to marry for wealth. He was intelligent, frank and kind-hearted. He longed for a true love, too. Love is a kind of emotion that can surpass oneself and love need doesn‟t mean the one is loved by others, they should love each other.It must ha ve something to do with love. Darcy didn‟t love either of them. Darcy didn‟t love anyone until when he firstly met Elizabeth, he paid little attention to her. Later, he found that she had a good feature in her face and the beautiful expression of her dark eyes made her uncommonly intelligent. He fell in love with Elizabeth from then on. It was Elizabeth who had the enchantment attracted Darcy deeply that he couldn‟t help offering her a marriage despite of all the objections. This is love. Love can surpass oneself and ignore the outside.The frustration he met in his offering a marriage to Elizabeth made him acknowledge his shortcomings---pride. Darcy defied society only when he had made certain that Elizabeth was a woman worthy of his love and lifetime devotion.⒁It was love that encouraged him to put his manners right. It was love that evoked his need to know. He wanted to explore and solve the misunderstanding between Elizabeth and him. It was love that encouraged his self-actualization. Although he was so excellent, his pride made him make a lot of mistakes such as his superiority over Elizabeth. He realized that if wanted to win Elizabeth‟s love, he should learn how to respecther and her family. If he wanted to win Elizabeth‟s heart, he should learn how to re spect her and her family. Not like other girls, Elizabeth had her own personality and merits. It was her self-esteem and intelligence that made Darcy love her. And Darcy noticed that Elizabeth was a woman worthy of love and admiration. He knew that his pride nearly destroyed Lydia and his own happiness. So he packed up his pride. He helped Lydia and Wickham to get married although he disliked them, he just did it to make Elizabeth relax and happy. He served Mr. Gardiner and Mrs. Gardiner respectfully, which brought happiness both to him and to Elizabeth. His making great efforts in overcoming his pride and in showing his care and love to Elizabeth got returns. Elizabeth accepted his second offer of marriage. They lived a happy life for their mutual love and understanding and their charming characters. Elizabeth and Darcy both were handsome, intelligent, and self-conscious could overcome their own drawbacks to win each other. Their self-actualization made them get the happiest marriage.Ⅴ. ConclusionAbraham Maslow, his primary contribution to psychology was his Hierarchy of Needs, is a famous American humanistic psychologist. The Hierarchy of Needs includes seven levels: physiological need, safety need, belongingness and love need, esteem need, need to know, aesthetic need and self-actualization need. The needs are mainly used to analyze the marriage of Elizabeth and Darcy. Pride and Prejudice is the story of several characters how to get married. Aided by the elementary knowledge of love and happiness, this paper explores the key to the happiness of the marriage of Elizabeth and Darcy. By reading the story, readers are encouraged to conquer the obstacles to get true love and seek for their self-actualization. People are encouraged to realize their shortcomings and to overcome them to achieve their aims and to seek for their happiness. Even though the situation is terrible, the work is hard to do, we should try our best to make our aim and dream come true.Notes(1) Edward, Copeland and Juliet, Mcmaster. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen [C]. In Jane Fregus, TheProfessional Woman Writer [A]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2001: 22.(2) Ibid. P. 18(3) Jane, Austen. Pride and Prejudice [M]. 北京: 中央编译出版社, 2004: 1.(4) Ibid. P. 2(5) 张伯香，英美文学选读[Z]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 2006: 224.(6) Edward, Copeland and Juliet, Mcmaster. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen [C]. In Gary, Kelly.Religion and Politics [A]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2001: 164.(7) Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice [M]. 北京: 中央编译出版社, 2004: 241(8) 张伯香, 英国文学教程学习指南[Z]. 武汉: 武汉大学出版社，2006: 315.(9) Jane, Austen, Pride and Prejudice [M] Evelyn, Attwood 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社，1989: 23.(10) Edward, Copeland and Juliet, Mcmaster. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen [C]. In Jane, Fregus.The Professional Woman Writer [A]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2001: 32(11) Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice [M]. 北京: 中央编译出版社, 2004:192(12) Ibid. P. 196(13) Ibid. P. 197(14) 张伯香, 英国文学教程学习指南[Z]. 武汉: 武汉大学出版社，2006: 308Bibliography[1] Edward, Copeland and Juliet, Mcmaster, The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen [C], In Jane, Fregus. 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本科毕业论文（设计）开题报告书
题目浅析小说《傲慢与偏见》折射出
的婚姻决定因素及其现实影响
4.Conclusion
4.主要参考文献
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5、完成措施及进度安排
2014年1月15日撰写并提交开题报
告
2014年3月28日撰写并提交论文第
一稿
2014年4月15日提交论文第二稿
2014年4月30日提交论文第三稿
2014年5月14-15 日论文答辩
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见
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