呼吸系统(英文版) PPT-
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The nasopharynx is the fist division, and it is nearest to the nasal cavities. It contains the adenoids, which are masses of lymphatic tissue. The adenoids (also known as the pharyngeal tonsils) are more prominent in children, and if enlarged, they can obstruct air passageways.
9
New words
咽
nasopharynx 鼻咽 oropharynx 口咽 laryngopharynx喉咽 pharyngeal 咽的 hypopharyngeal 下咽的
throat 咽喉 adenoid 腺样体
adeno-
adenoma
adenocarcinoma
adenovirus
Responsibilities of respiratory system
Respiration = exchange of gases between body and air
Provides oxygen to body cells for energy Removes carbon dioxide from body cells
tonsil 扁桃体
pharyngeal ~
palatine ~
palatine 腭的 larynx 喉 esophagus 食道 vocal cord 声带 vibrate震动 deterrent 妨碍物 flap 皮瓣 epiglottis 会厌 10
Structures and function-Nose
In the adult human the total lung surface, if flattened out, would be larger than a badminton court, about 83 square meters.
7
Respiratory System Overview
Assisting in body’s defense against foreign materials
8
New words
nasal 鼻的 nasal cavity 鼻腔
mucous 粘液 cilia 纤毛 paranasal 鼻侧的 sinus 窦 paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦 lubricating 润滑的
Paranasal sinuses are hollow, air-containing spaces within the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity.
They, too, have a mucous membrane lining and function to provide the lubricating fluid mucus, as well as to lighten the bones of the skull and help produce sound.
2
Respiratory System
3
Respiratory System Overview
New words
respir/respiratory/respiration 呼吸 vertebrate 脊椎动物
vertebrae- 椎骨，脊柱 backbone 脊椎，脊柱 bellow 风箱 irritant 刺激物
Respiratory System
1
Respiratory System
The organs of the respiratory system The structure and function of these organs The mechanism of breathing The gas transport and cleaning system
11
Structures and functions-Pharynx
After passing through the nasal cavity, the air next reaches the pharynx (throat). There are three divisions of the pharynx.
Air enters the body through the nose and passes through the nasal cavity, which is lined with a mucous membrane and fine hairs (cilia) to help filter out foreign bodies, as well as to warm and moisten the air.
The lungs also have a cleaning system that traps, ejects, or destroys irritants and other harmful substances that travel in with the air.
6
Respiratory System Overview
5
Respiratory System Overview
All living animals must take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide.
In the vertebrates-animals with backbones-that get their oxygen from the air, both tasks are performed by special gas exchange organs called lungs.
The lungs provide a place where oxygen can reoxide can be removed from it.
They are equipped with tubes and a bellows system for drawing in air from the outside, while the pulmonary veins and arteries circulate blood through from inside.
9
New words
咽
nasopharynx 鼻咽 oropharynx 口咽 laryngopharynx喉咽 pharyngeal 咽的 hypopharyngeal 下咽的
throat 咽喉 adenoid 腺样体
adeno-
adenoma
adenocarcinoma
adenovirus
Responsibilities of respiratory system
Respiration = exchange of gases between body and air
Provides oxygen to body cells for energy Removes carbon dioxide from body cells
tonsil 扁桃体
pharyngeal ~
palatine ~
palatine 腭的 larynx 喉 esophagus 食道 vocal cord 声带 vibrate震动 deterrent 妨碍物 flap 皮瓣 epiglottis 会厌 10
Structures and function-Nose
In the adult human the total lung surface, if flattened out, would be larger than a badminton court, about 83 square meters.
7
Respiratory System Overview
Assisting in body’s defense against foreign materials
8
New words
nasal 鼻的 nasal cavity 鼻腔
mucous 粘液 cilia 纤毛 paranasal 鼻侧的 sinus 窦 paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦 lubricating 润滑的
Paranasal sinuses are hollow, air-containing spaces within the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity.
They, too, have a mucous membrane lining and function to provide the lubricating fluid mucus, as well as to lighten the bones of the skull and help produce sound.
2
Respiratory System
3
Respiratory System Overview
New words
respir/respiratory/respiration 呼吸 vertebrate 脊椎动物
vertebrae- 椎骨，脊柱 backbone 脊椎，脊柱 bellow 风箱 irritant 刺激物
Respiratory System
1
Respiratory System
The organs of the respiratory system The structure and function of these organs The mechanism of breathing The gas transport and cleaning system
11
Structures and functions-Pharynx
After passing through the nasal cavity, the air next reaches the pharynx (throat). There are three divisions of the pharynx.
Air enters the body through the nose and passes through the nasal cavity, which is lined with a mucous membrane and fine hairs (cilia) to help filter out foreign bodies, as well as to warm and moisten the air.
The lungs also have a cleaning system that traps, ejects, or destroys irritants and other harmful substances that travel in with the air.
6
Respiratory System Overview
5
Respiratory System Overview
All living animals must take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide.
In the vertebrates-animals with backbones-that get their oxygen from the air, both tasks are performed by special gas exchange organs called lungs.
The lungs provide a place where oxygen can reoxide can be removed from it.
They are equipped with tubes and a bellows system for drawing in air from the outside, while the pulmonary veins and arteries circulate blood through from inside.