英语翻译基础考试材料第(34)章
大学英语专业《翻译基础》考试题
《翻译基础》试卷III. Improve the following translations. (10%, 1 points for each correct answer)1. Apple tragically failed to understand this principle.（整与零）译文一：“苹果”公司悲剧性地未能理解这一原则。
译文二:2. A modern post office handles more mail in a day than the colonial carriers handled in a whole year.译文一：一家现代邮局一天之内比殖民地所有的邮差在整整一年的时间里处理更多的邮件。
译文二:3. There should be more publicity to encourage urban dwellers to give up their stereotype thinking that housing is social welfare right guaranteed by the State.译文一：应加大宣传力度，鼓励城市居民放弃老套刻板的思维模式，认为住房是由政府保障的社会福利。
（语序）译文二:4. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.译文一：有一种公认的真理，那就是有产业的单身汉总要娶一位太太。
（语序）译文二:5. The least alarm of their movement would bring the enemy upon them.译文一：他们行动中最小的惊慌都会引得敌人向他们进攻。
（整与零）译文二:6. 他们对市场经济一无所知，因此，公司遭受了很大损失。
翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷34_真题-无答案
翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷34(总分100,考试时间60分钟)翻译题1. 1.“蜀国多仙山，峨眉邈难匹。
”中国唐代大诗人李白对峨眉山的咏叹，至今仍穿越时空，余音袅袅。
峨眉山高出五岳、秀甲天下，山势雄伟、气象万千，素有“一山有四季，十里不同天”之妙喻。
集自然风光与佛教文化为一体，著名的旅游胜地和佛教名山，1996年12月6日列入《世界文化与自然遗产名录》。
“仙山佛国”“植物王国”“动物乐园”“地质博物馆”……峨眉以优美的自然风光、悠久的佛教文化、丰富的动植物资源、独特的地质地貌享誉世界，千百年来香火旺盛，游人络绎。
峨眉，一个来了就不想走的地方。
2. 2.我们将坚持以人为本，从最广大人民的根本利益出发，不断满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求，努力促进人的全面发展。
我们将坚持以经济建设为中心，把发展作为第一要务，推动经济建设、政治建设、文化建设与社会和谐建设全面发展。
我们将坚持社会主义市场经济的改革方向，进一步推动制度创新，不断深化改革，激发全社会的创造活力，增强经济社会发展的内在动力。
我们将坚持对外开放的基本国策，建立更加开放的市场体系，在更大范围、更广领域、更高层次上参与国际经济技术合作和竞争。
我们将坚持走新型工业化道路，着力调整经济结构和加快转变经济增长方式，提高经济增长的质量和效益，大力发展循环经济，建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。
3. 3.博鳌论坛的经历给了刘晓宁不小的打击，生活上的拮据让她开始反思自己做公务员两年多的经历。
都说公务员舒服，但刘晓宁每天的工作时间都在10小时以上，加班到晚上八九点钟，是很正常的事。
如果有活动，赶工到夜里12点，也是家常便饭。
4. 4.在人类历史的长河中，美术不仅给人民大众带来了美的享受，更是记载着一个国家、一个民族生生不息、延绵不绝的历史。
我国的艺术市场要在国际市场中占有一席之地，首先要有高质量的产品，其次要有良好的信誉，第三要有善于营销的经营主体和人才。
《英语翻译基础》讲义及《样题和答案》
英语翻译基础讲义第一章翻译的基本原则1.Nature of Translation(翻译的性质)Translation is a science.Translation is an art.Translation is a craft.Translation is a skill.Translation is an operation.Translation is a language activity.Translation is communication2.Principles of Translation(翻译的原则)Three characters “信，达，雅”（faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance）———严复《天演论》Three characters “信，达，切”(faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness) ———刘重德《翻译十讲》Summary:忠实与通顺(1) Faithfulness of Translation (翻译的忠实)Strictly speaking, faithfulness is the generalization of the principles of translation. That’s to say, true translation demands that the translator be faithful to the content, language and style of the original at the same time.Eg. 1.War, pestilence and famine consumed one million people.战争，瘟疫和饥馑毁掉了一百万人。
该句译文从三个方面与原文都是一致的。
内容上，措辞完全对应；形式上，中英文都是陈述句，且语序相同。
英语翻译基础考试材料第(131)章
7, the traffic accident caused by the loss of evidence of the parties to escape, the party responsible for the escape of the accident.Answer: right1.6 requirements for the application and use of motor vehicle driving license1, after the motor vehicle driver's license (license) to apply for a driver's license.A, not full two years can not be B, C, D, can not be immediatelyAnswer: A2, the driver's license to turn out the original vehicle management area, the driver should apply for replacement vehicle management.A, the origin of the B, on the ground floor of the C, D,, the above can beAnswer: C3, motor vehicle drivers should be in the driver's license before the expiration of the (), to the issuing vehicle management application for replacement.A, 90 B, 120 C, 180 D, 240 daysAnswer: A4, motor vehicle drivers in a score of the cumulative score to achieve (), should be within fifteen days to the motor vehicle driver's license issued to the public security organs and public security organs to receive a 7 day road traffic safety laws, regulations and relevant knowledge of education.A, 3 B, 6 C, 9 D, 12 pointsAnswer: D5, motor vehicle drivers in a scoring cycle to achieve a score of 12 points, after receiving education, vehicle management should be within twenty days ().A, subject to a theoretical examination of the B, a fine and revoke the driver's license C, subjects two exam D, three subjectsAnswer: A6, aged 60 years or more of the motor vehicle drivers, should submit a physical condition certificate. A, 3 B, 2 C, 1 D, 6 monthsAnswer: C7, motor vehicle drivers for military service, abroad (border) and other reasons, can not be in the prescribed time for the driver's license expires, submit proof of physical condition, can be issued to the motor vehicle driver's license application for extension management. The extension period shall not exceed ().A, three B, two C, a year D, six monthsAnswer: A8, motor vehicle drivers who have drunk or drunk driving motor vehicle violations, a record ().A, 2 B, 3 C, 6 D, 12Answer: D9, the applicant in the examination process of fraud ().A, the circumstances can be a slight B, cancel the examination qualification, has passed the test of other subjects failed C, postponed 30 days D, the results are invalid, the day of re examination Answer: B10, at least 60 years of age, you can hold () a driving license.A, C1, C2, B, A1, C1, C5, C, A2, C2,, C5, D, A3, A1, C5, C5Answer: A11, at least 70 years of age, can only hold () the driving license.A, B E, C D, D F, C2Answer: D12, more than 1 years of the motor vehicle driver's license is not changed, the vehicle management should ().A, cancellation of its driver's license B, cancellation of driving license C, detained motor vehicle D, a fineAnswer: A13, apply for a motor vehicle driving license examination, each subject exam 1 times, can take (). A, 1 B, 2 C, 3 D, 4 timesAnswer: AJudgment questions1, motor vehicle driver's license is lost, damaged or record is filled, it should be to the driver's license issued by the vehicle management for a replacement.Answer: right2, motor vehicle drivers in a score of two times more than 12 points, and should take part in the subjects, subjects three.Answer: right3, motor vehicle drivers can entrust the agent to handle the driver's license for the replacement, fill, submit proof of physical conditions, delay and cancellation of business.Answer: right4, high blood pressure patients may not apply for motor vehicle driver's license.Answer: error5, smoking, injecting drug addiction, but can not apply for motor vehicle driver's license when you can not.Answer: error6, because the driver's license records information changes and the application for change, the applicant should fill out the "motor vehicle driver's license application form", and submit the driver's identity certificate and driver's license.Answer: right7, holding C2 quasi driving license of the driver can drive all kinds of small car.Answer: errorDuring 8, the motor vehicle driving license is lawfully seized, detained or withheld, the motor vehicle driver shall not apply for a replacement.Answer: right9, motor vehicle drivers for military service, abroad (border) and other reasons, can not be in the prescribed time for the driver's license expires, submit proof of physical condition, can be issued to the motor vehicle driver's license application for extension management. Motor vehicle drivers can drive a motor vehicle during an extension.Answer: error10, holding a C1 quasi driving license can be used to drive a small automatic passenger car. Answer: error11, motor vehicle drivers are road traffic violations pending, can apply for the renewal of the motor vehicle driving license.Answer: error12, when a motor vehicle driving a motor vehicle with a hearing obstacle, the vehicle shall wear a hearing aid.Answer: right13, the test results of the examination of the subject should be announced, and produce transcripts. Answer: right14, each subject's test report card and the examiner should be signed on the spot.Answer: right1.7 motor vehicle registration requirementsThe motor vehicle 1, registered a () change, do not have to the car for the relevant registration procedures.A, all of the vehicles have changed B, changing the body color C, the replacement of the engine D, a small car before the installation of anti collision deviceAnswer: D2, motor vehicles are not in accordance with the provisions of the time limit for safety and technical inspection, by the public security traffic management department in a warning or a fine.A, Wu Shiyuan B, one hundred yuan C, two hundred。
英语翻译基础考试材料第(121)章
- the general three wheeled motorcycle, ordinary two wheel motorcycle quasi driving type a compulsory item: test items shall not be less than 6, the uphill start, curve of driving, by unilateral bridge, rough road test project is a compulsory item and other items of examination by the examiners were randomly selected.Other quasi driving type of compulsory project, by the traffic administrative department of the provincial public security organs responsible for.The examiner can be based on the compulsory project, increasing the other three test subjects project. The fifth step: the road testSubjects two (road test) through 2 weeks after taking the exam (the main road test) three. Examination description:Three test subjects (road test) including car ready to (including safety belt, observation, hit the lights and turn left), starting, straight road, lane changes, through the intersection, pull over, through the crosswalk line, by the school district, through the bus station, overtaking, crossing and turn, night driving, and increase project including block plus or minus bit operation, turning on the left, at the junction of the right turn 3 examinations, observation, judgment road and driving environment and the ability of comprehensive control of vehicle, at night and in low visibility conditions use knowledge of all kinds of lights, to comply with traffic regulations and consciousness of safety driving conditions. Among them, according to the application of the quasi driving models, set the actual road driving skills test distance:Large and medium bus test mileage of not less than 20 km, tractor and large trucks not less than 10 km.Small cars, small automatic car, low-speed truck, the special mini car for the disabled car driving model test mileage of 3 km.Small cars still take the form of a quiz night test, computer will extract the 20%~40% candidates for night examination, the highest can be pumped to 50%. Do not carry out the night test, but also to simulate the use of the night lights test.Qualified standard:Subjects three exam out of 100 points. According to different quasi driving models set up by 20 points, 10 points, minus 5 points, the evaluation criteria. To meet the following requirements, subject three qualified:1 apply for large passenger cars, tractors, city buses, medium bus, large trucks quasi driving models, should reach 90 points.The sixth step: theoretical examination (two)An examination of the three subjects, placed in the road test after passing.Assessment content: examination papers by the 50 questions, questions in the form of case, pictures, animation, and other, questions for decide the choice questions and multiple-choice questions of title, single, score of 100 points, 90 points or more qualified.Request, under the complicated conditions of safe driving knowledge, in case of emergency emergency response methods mainly examine the safe and civilized drivingExamination of safe and civilized driving knowledge, increase the illegal behavior of comprehensive judgment and case analysis, safety knowledge, common traffic signs marking and patrol gesture recognition, driving professional ethics and civilized driving knowledge, bad weather and complex road conditions driving knowledge, in emergency situations risk sense and traffic accident rescue and common risk of product disposal sense and so on, so that students with driving exam training experience deepening the understanding and application of safe and civilized driving knowledge.Do exam simulation questionsAfter the three test subjects of all qualified, by the choice of driving school exam making participated in driving training the student driver's license (specific licensing of time to exam the certificate shall prevail). In the driving school training students I need to hold the identity card to the registration point receiving a driver's license (add drive students only receive files, by students participating in the driving school training itself to the examination room a permit and permit).The make-up of the provisionsCross examination: not qualified, 20 days after the rearrangement of the examination.Two subjects, three each exam will have five "test" and five "make-up" opportunity, any a 10 chance all unqualified, previously qualified subjects demolished resit!Get a driver's license does not necessarily mean you can easily rest assured on the road, the real exercise on the road may you will encounter more problems. Don't be afraid, don't worry.2013 new driver's license examination processThe theory test, the test of the pile, the electronic road test, the road test, the driver's license.Next year's new year's day test processThe theory test -- the pile test -- the electronic road test -- the road test -- the theory test two -- take the driver's license.Now the electronic road test contentPicket is taken an examination of, designated parking ramp and start, lateral parking, travelling through the side of the bridge, curve, turning right, limit the door wide, through successive obstacle, hundred Mega decrease block, rough road. The Zhuangkao, designated parking ramp, side parking and starting compulsory, other projects in 1 examination.Next year's electronic road test contentZhuangkao, designated parking ramp, parking, and start the lateral curve road, turn.At present, there are 13 items three road test subjects of the examination content: Exam Preparation on the car (including fasten the safety belt, observation, make left turn lights), start, moving in a straight line, changing lanes, through the intersection, pull over and through the crosswalk line, through regional school, through the public car station, overtaking, crossing and turn, night driving. After nextyear's new year's day, the main road from the 13 projects to increase to 16, an increase of the addition and subtraction of the operation, left turn, turning right corner of the 3 test items.Teach you "six step" reverse storage1, the car from the left to the right side of the parking space near the target, the left side of the vehicle to stay around 70CM distance. When the driver's seat is located in the extension line (L) on the outer boundary of the adjacent parking spaces. 2, so that the left side of the body to extend the line to the corner AWhen the vehicle is stopped, the steering wheel will be left to the right to the end.。
汉英翻译基础教程 期末考试总结
第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68）粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves)海阔天空to talk with random（with a vast sea and boundless sky)灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious （with red lights and green wine)纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold)单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth （with a solitary spear and a single horse)赤胆忠心ardent loyalty （with red gut and heart）无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness （to get into every hole）扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated （to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath)开门见山to come straight to the point （to open the door and see the mountain）大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums)风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking)二．翻译下列句子（1）这是他们夫妻之间的事情，你去插一脚干吗?That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? （2）别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全，真是个顺风耳啊！You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families。
英语翻译基础考试材料第(21)章
38 the following sentence, add a little of the idiom of the appropriate sentence is ()A. when a storm Ruzhu, full of muddy road, car has been unable to walk, the rescue team had to walk rather than ride, travel for more than an hour rushed to the dam.B. her from an early age to develop the self that elitism, even in the hospital to take care of others, also still insufferably arrogant, domineering.During the C. meeting, Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other units outside the venue put flowers bonsai sales stalls. When resting, TanQian heavy traffic, products in short supply.D. you have just moved into a new home, the room is capacious and bright, just decoration somewhat monotonous, it is recommended that you hang painting, will make the room ablaze.[analysis] the right one is B. B in the "order people about by arrogant" means "don't speak and use facial expressions to indicate, that powerful people arrogant". In the sentence "she" develop a young age, since that elitism, below and "aggressive", so "bossy" in full compliance with the meaning. A sentence "walking" means "slowly walk, as is a car, and sentences that describe is flood situation, here" walking "is clearly contrary to the original meaning of the sentences, sub context. C is said stand many predecessors, products in short supply, that people are scrambling to buy flowers, and "busy" is that plenty of car like water, Maduode like a swimming dragon, common between people and vehicles constantly or describe the bustling scene. There is no connection with the purchase of goods. So "heavy traffic" is clearly not appropriate. D in the presence of is self depreciatory expression, because others to your own home or are arrayed others to their own inscription calligraphy and painting, and make their own very glorious, only from his mouth, not from the mouth of others. Otherwise, it is to belittle others, raise their own meaning.39 the following sentences are not appropriate to add a little phraseA. indiscriminate digging of Saussurea involucrate phenomenon is rampant day by day one of the reasons is, offenders are numerous and widely distributed, and lack of management staff, so law enforcement are often stretched.B. this year the first snow of urban trunk road without traffic congestion occurred. In the orderly behind and contains the transport sector ahead of the toil.C. a social survey shows that if the husband's income than their wives, some men will inevitably feel ashamed, even for no reason to own of psychological torture.D. Lao Wang home cabinets filled with collections of his many years of the old clock, whenever he attracted to visit the visitors the baby, always familiar.An incorrect one is D. D sentence idiom "familiar" inappropriate is not entirely in the idiom itself. Because according to the dictionary definition or common understanding, familiar meaning is "to describe on the list of things or narrative story is familiar with". In this sentence, said "he attracted to visit the visitors in the baby" and of course "he" to these things "very familiar with. But use of the familiar "this idiom has a case shall be excluded, namely" familiar "object cannot be is" Jiazhen ", which is dictionary said the" familiar "meaning actually said is" like 'number (say) the treasure ". Said the sentence "the old clock" actually is "(he) home treasure" and sentence especially "Wang family cupboard", "collections for many years" and "baby" to emphasize this point here, of course, with the "familiar" is inappropriate.40 in the following sentences, add a little of the idiom to use the appropriate one is ()A. is a "Three Kingdoms", let people feel powerless and frustrated. Weizhen Huaxia Kuan, eventually because of wayward, careless loss of Jingzhou; foretell of Zhuge Liang, unexpectedly even the wise are not always free from error, misuse of Ma Su, apprenticeship Zhongyuan pipped at the post.B. fair exhibition hall to display a piece of color, shiny, exquisitely carved jade crafts received from the favor of customers all over the world.C. I saw the actors in the hands of folding fan fast flashing, faces a vivid theatrical masks fleeting, Sichuan Opera Face Changing stunt won the audience applause.D. now, many parents hopeful mood too eager, often unrealistic to the child proposed excessive demands, the result is often self defeating.[analysis] the right one is B. A stands up like. Look at the sea and helplessly. In the face of the great things, the original means of their own small. Metaphor is more work for or not but feel helpless be unequal to one's task conditions. C. in the meaning of "transient" is a little relaxation will disappear and describe the time or opportunity easily past; sentence for performers, a mistake of the object. D in "self defeating" refers to the want to juggle smart, the results do stupid things; a sentence "many parents hopeful mood too eager, often unrealistic to the child proposed excessive demands", there is no "clever" move, but "Haste makes waste". B. "exquisite" had two meanings, one is to describe implements exquisite lit, delicate structure, a metaphorical and smart, flexible, sentence is the first meaning, so B is correct.Qinyuanchun - Changsha1, to add the word phonetic:(()) secretion of Qinyuanchun 100 Ge ()(()) to rough (contain) (to)(()) dry crack free () () chief spiritual abuse () () () loose flowers (melancholy。
英语翻译基础考试材料第(112)章
4, borrow reference. Through the left round cake, once the left corner of the front left corner of the vertical diameter of the left round cake bottom line, immediately turn left, to the front has been, and then quickly back direction. After that, and the same way to continue to sail round cake.Continuous obstacle1. The purpose and requirements of the training of continuous obstaclesThe purpose of the training is to train the motor vehicle driver to drive through a continuous obstacle, the wheel of the track and the inner wheel of the ability to judge.Operation requirements are: through pit road continuous barrier, in addition to a small car with a block and other models driving with 2 block (including) the above gear speed, by bike ride on top of the pie, wheel track shall not touch, rub, press round cake, and shall not be super, pressure on both sides of the road edge line.2 setting up the training ground through continuous obstacleThe obstacle in the way of the field is a round cake, as shown in Figure 6-19. The diameter of the round cake is 0 7m, the cake is higher than the minimum of the vehicle, the small vehicle is 6cm, the other vehicles are 10cmAs shown in the following figure, the setting of the training ground through continuous obstacles is:(1) the width of 7M(2) the position of a round cake is 1m, C, D, E, and the center point of the round cake is from the center line of the center of the B;(3) round cake spacing refers to the distance between the center of the two round cake center line distance between large buses, city buses, large trucks, the car's front axle to the final round of 2 times the vehicle's most front wheel to the final round, traction vehicle round cake spacing is 1.5 times the wheelbase (wheelbase is traction front axle to the final axis of the trailer), other car round cake spacing of 2.5 times the vehicle wheelbase.(4) the number of magic round cakes is set only for A, B, C three round cakes, and other vehicles to set up six round cakes.3 operation method of continuous obstaclesAs shown in the following figure, the operation method of the continuous obstacle is:1) when the car is close to the A round cake, the left side of the 1/4 is aligned with a B, and the left side of the A circle is in the oblique tangent.2) when it comes to the left of the line to the windshield of the car angular alignment C round cake center left turn steering wheel to the limit position, when the front corner of the car right and D round cake center on time, turn right turn Jane surplus two circle Hui Zheng.3) when the right corner of the car window glass is aligned with the center of the D circle, turning to the limit position, when the central point of the E circle is seen from the left window pane, the left turns to the two lap (Hui Zheng).4) when the car left mirror at the center of the E circle, left turn left turn to the limit position, when the right corner of the F round cake center, turn right turn steering wheel two laps (Hui Zheng).5) the wind window in the lower right corner of the alignment of F round cake Center right turn the steering disc to the limit position, when the car in the middle of the f round cake, back to positive direction, the line pulled out of the continuous barrier site.Ups and downs road driving test tips1, the car will be on the ups and downs of the road, a little pedal to speed up the pedal, before the wheel, the car up, when the clutch pedal, the car to go down, and then set foot on the clutch pedal, with the rhythm of the clutch pedal, but the action is very small, with the power to control the wrist. 2, the right foot can also follow the rhythm of the acceleration pedal, if the examination road is very good, can not set foot, only clutch semi linkage control, specific circumstances according to the car's idle speed to determine whether to set foot pedal, so not only to meet the test, in the ordinary car will let people who are comfortable, there will be no bumps, uncomfortable feeling. 1 ups and downs road driving training purpose and operation requirementsThe purpose of the training is to train the motor vehicle driver to master the ups and downs of the road driving method and the correct judgment of the ups and downs of the road, as well as the coordination of the brake, clutch, gear three skills.Operation requirements are: the vehicle normal driving in front of the obstacle in the 20m internal braking deceleration, with a low speed block or the use of semi linkage, to ensure smooth and safe vehicle through the barrier.2 ups and downs road driving training groundAs shown in the following figure, the training ground for the ups and downs of the road is set up:1) top width, bottom width: wheel diameter plus 60cm;2) depth, height: large passenger car, small car is 6cm, other vehicles are 12cm3) the a angle of the concave pavement is less than the vehicle leaving angle, and the 18 corners of the convex pavement are less than the vehicle approaching angle.4) the depth of the concave pavement and the height of the convex surface are less than the minimum ground clearance.3. The operation method of concave Road1) in the concave road before 20m braking deceleration, and change the low gear, with intermittent brake approaching Gouyan, as shown in Figure a.2) the use of inertia to make the front wheel slip, as shown in Figure B.3) set foot on the accelerator pedal, so that the front wheel groove, as shown in Figure C.4) use the inertia to make the rear wheel slide, as shown in Figure D.5) set foot on the accelerator pedal, so that the rear wheel groove, as shown in Figure E.4 operation method of convex path1) in a convex way before 20m braking deceleration, and change the low gear, as shown in figure a is shown.2) the current round is close to the convex road when the accelerator pedal is stepped, as shown in Figure B.3) the front wheel on the convex Road, release the accelerator pedal to front wheel, as shown in FigureC.4) when the rear wheel is close to the convex path, the acceleration pedal is stepped, so that the rear wheel is convex, as shown in Figure D.5) on the rear convex Road, release the accelerator pedal after the roller skating, as shown in Figure E. How to successfully pass the exam threeOne, get on the train1, the car should be around the car a week to check the appearance and safety of the vehicle, and observe the car。
考研英语(--翻译 基础)课程电子版教材
说得更具体一点，可以寻找下面一些“信号词”来对英语句子进行拆分，进而更加有效的理解英语原文：
基本原则：把主句和从句拆分出来，把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来。
连词：如and, or, but, yet, for等并列连词连接着并列句；还有连接状语从句的连接词，如：when, as, since, until, before, after, where, because, since, thought, although, so that, ......等等；它们就成了理解英语句子的拆分点。
2001年：计算机与未来生活
2002年：行为科学的发展
2003年：人类学的发展
2004年：语言学
2005年：传媒领域中的电视媒介
2006年：美国知识分子的作用
2007年：法学在新闻报道中的作用。
第二讲 考研翻译的过程和核心解题策略
翻译的基本过程
翻译的基本定义“翻译是在准确理解的基础上用一种语言来忠实的表达另外一种语言”
一、理解
例子：
The medicinal herb helps a cough.
误译：这种草药帮助咳嗽。
改译：这种草药可治疗咳嗽。
二、表达
例如，1997年考研翻译
Do animals have right? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
《大学专业试卷：英语翻译基础 357》大学2021年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
大学2021年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：357 考试科目名称：英语翻译基础
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
大学2021年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题。
历年英语四级考试翻译真题24篇(逐句对照翻译版)
历年英语四级考试翻译真题24篇（逐句对照翻译版）第1篇原文：近年来，中GUO有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁译文：In recent years,more and more cities in Chi na have begun to build subways.原文：发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气污染译文：The development of subways can help reduce traffic congestion and air pollution in cities.原文：地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点译文：The subway has the advantages of safety,speed and comfort.原文：越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的主要交通工具译文：More and more people choose the subway as the main means of transportation to work or school every day.原文：如今，在中GUO乘坐地铁正变得越来越方便译文：Nowadays,it is becoming more and more convenient to take the subway in Chi na.原文：在有些城市里，乘客只需用卡或手机就可以乘坐地铁译文：In some cities,passengers can use a card or a mobile phone to take the subway.原文：许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁译文：Many local elderly citizens can also take the subway for free.第2篇原文：公交车曾是中GUO人出行的主要交通工具译文：Buses used to be the main means of transportation for the Chinese people.原文：近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重译文：In recent years,with the number of private cars increasing,cities have been facing increasingly severe traffic problems.原文：许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量译文：To encourage more people to travel by bus,many cities have been making efforts to improve bus services.原文：车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高译文：Bus facilities have been continuously renovated,and bus speed has also increased dramatically.原文：然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉译文：However,bus fares are still cheap.原文：现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车译文：Now,in most cities,many local elderly citizens can take a bus for free.第3篇原文：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中GUO人来说是难以想象的译文：In the past,traveling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people.原文：如今，随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中GUO人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行译文：Today,with the development of Chi na's economy and the improvement of people's living standards,more and more Chinese people,including many farmers and migrant workers,can travel by air.原文：他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有很多城市也在筹建机场译文：They can fly to all major cities,and many other cities are also planning to build airports.原文：航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有廉价机票译文：Air services continue to improve,and there are often cheap flights.原文：近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加译文：In recent years,the number of people choosing to travel by air during holidays has been increasing.第4篇原文：华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里译文：Mount Hua is located in Huayin City(Shaanxi,Chi na),120kilometers away from Xi'an.原文：华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北译文：It is part of the Qin Mountains,which divide not only northern and southern Shaanxi,but also south and north Chi na.原文：与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临，因为上山的道路极其危险译文：Unlike Mount Tai that used to be frequented by pilgrims,Mount Hua was not well visited by pilgrims as the roads up the mountain were extremely dangerous.原文：然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草译文：Back then,however,those who wished to enjoy longevity ventured in Mount Hua quite a lot because numerous herbs,rare ones in particular,grew in the mountain.原文：自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加译文：Since cable cars were installed in Mount Hua in the1990s,the number of visitors has increased dramatically.第5篇原文：HUANG山位于中GUO东部安徽省南部，它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称译文：Located in southern Anhui province in eastern Chi na,Huangshan is known for its unique natural scenery,particularly sunrises and sea of clouds.原文：要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看译文：To appreciate the magnificence of the mountain,you have to look upward in most cases;原文：但要欣赏HUANG山美景，得向下看译文：while to enjoy the fascinating landscape of Huangshan,you've got to look downward.原文：HUANG山的湿润气候有利于茶树生成，是中GUO主要产茶地之一译文：The humid climate of the area offers favorable conditions for tea trees to grow,which makes the surrounding area of Huangshan one of the major producers of tea.原文：这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病译文：The mountain is also home to numerous hot springs,which are helpful for preventing skin disease.原文：HUANG山是中GUO主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统GUO画ZUI受欢迎的主题译文：As one of the top tourist destinations in Chi na,Huangshan represents the most popular theme of photographic works and traditional Chinese paintings.第6篇原文：泰山位于山东省西部，海拔1500余米，方圆约400平方公里译文：Located in western Shandong province,Mount Tai stands over1500meters above sea level and covers an area of about400square kilometers.原文：泰山不仅雄伟壮观，而且是一座历史文化名山，过去3000多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方译文：It is a renowned mountain which is not only spectacular but also of historical and cultural significance.Pilgrims have been visiting Mount Tai for the last over3000years.原文：据记载，共有72位帝王曾来此游览译文：In recorded history,72emperors once came here to make a tour.原文：许多作家到泰山获取灵感，写诗作文，艺术家也来此绘画译文：Mount Tai has seen many writers who have traveled here for inspiration to make poems and compositions.Artists also come here for painting.原文：山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹译文：That explains why Mount Tai features numerous cultural relics and historic sites.原文：泰山如今已成为中GUO一处主要的旅游景点译文：It has now become one of the leading tourist attractions in Chi na.第7篇原文：珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中GUO第三长的河流，仅次于长江和HUANG 河译文：As a major river system in southern Chi na,the Pearl River,which runs through Guangzhou,capital of Guangdong Province,is the third longest in Chi na,after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.原文：珠江三角洲是中GUOZUI发达的地区之一，面积约11000平方公里译文：The Pearl River Delta,which covers an area of11000square kilometers,represents one of the most developed regions in Chi na.原文：它在面积和人口方面也是世界上ZUI大的城市聚集区译文：It is also the biggest city gathering area in the world in terms of size and population.原文：珠江三角洲九个ZUI大城市共有5700多万人口译文：Put together,the nine largest cities in the Delta are home to a combined population of over57million.原文：上世纪70年代末中GUO改GE开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中GUO和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一译文：Since reform and opening up was initiated in the late1970s,the Pearl River Delta has become one of the leading regional economies and manufacturing centers in Chi na and around the world.第8篇原文：长江是亚洲ZUI长、世界上第三长的河流译文：The Yangtze River is the longest in Asia and the third longest in the world.原文：长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中GUO五分之一的土地译文：The river,which flows through varied ecosystems along its passage,offers habitats for many endangered species and provides irrigation for1/5of Chi na's land.原文：长江流域居住着中GUO三分之一的人口译文：The Yangtze River basin is home to1/3of Chi na's population.原文：长江在中GUO历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用译文：The river plays a very important role in Chi na historically,culturally and economically.原文：长江三角洲产出多达20%的中GUOGUO民生产总值译文：The Yangtze River Delta contributes up to20%of Chi na's GNP.原文：几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产译文：For millennia,the Yangtze River has been used for water supply,shipment and industrial activities.原文：长江上还坐落着世界ZUI大的水电站译文：The world's largest hydropower station is also built on the river.第9篇原文：HUANG河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流译文：The Yellow River is the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in the world.原文：“HUANG”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色译文：Yellow describes the color of the muddy river.原文：HUANG河发源于青海，流经九个省份，ZUI后注入渤海译文：The river originates in Qinghai,and runs through nine provinces before it empties into the Bohai Sea.原文：HUANG河是中GUO赖以生存的几条河流之一译文：The Yellow River is one of the several rivers that sustain life and livelihood in Chi na.原文：HUANG河流域是中GUO古代文明的诞生地，也是中GUO早期历史上ZUI繁荣的地区译文：The Yellow River basin is the cradle of Chi na's ancient civilization and was once the most prosperous region in early history of Chi na.原文：然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，HUANG河曾造成多次灾害译文：However,the Yellow River had triggered many disasters due to frequent catastrophic floods.原文：在过去几十年里，ZF采取了各种措施防止灾害发生译文：As such,over the past several decades,the Chinese government has taken a host of steps to prevent such disasters.第10篇原文：随着中GUO的改GE开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼译文：With Chi na's reform and opening up,quite a number of youngsters would like to celebrate their weddings in western style.原文：新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征译文：The bride wears a white wedding dress at the ceremony,as white is regarded as a symbol of purity.原文：然而，在中GUO传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色译文：However,in traditional Chinese culture,white is a color that is often used in funerals.原文：因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人译文：That's why it's necessary to keep in mind that white flowers must not be gifts for patients, especially not for the elders or critically sick patients.原文：同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里译文：Similarly,the cash gift shouldn't be packed in a white envelope,but in a red one.第11篇原文：在中GUO文化中，HUANG颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义译文：In Chinese culture,yellow is a color occupying a fairly prominent position,which is endowed with unique symbolic significance.原文：在封建社会中，它象征统治者的权力和权威译文：In the feudal society,yellow stands for the ruler's power and authority.原文：那时，HUANG色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成HUANG色，皇袍总是HUANG色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿HUANG色衣服的译文：At that time,yellow was specially designed for the emperor,with the royal palace painted yellow and the imperial robe always being yellow while the ordinary people were never being permitted to wear yellow.原文：在中GUO，HUANG色也是收获的象征译文：In Chi na,yellow is also the symbol of harvest.原文：秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金HUANG，人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收译文：When crops are ripening in the fall,farmers celebrate the harvest in high spirits,with the fields taking on a vast expanse of golden appearance.第12篇原文：在中GUO文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见译文：The color of red in Chinese culture usually symbolizes good luck,longevity and happiness. Red can be found everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival and on other joyous occasions.原文：人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里译文：Cash is often put in red envelopes and sent to family members or close friends as a gift.原文：红色在中GUO流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中GUOGE命和GCD相联系译文：Its popularity in Chi na can also be attributed to the fact that people associate it with the Chinese Revolution and Communist Party.原文：然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快乐，因为从前S者的名字常用红色书写译文：However,red does not signify good luck and joy ail the time in that the name of the dead used to be written in red.原文：用红墨水写中GUO人名被看成是一种冒犯行为译文：Thus it is regarded as an offense to write the names of Chinese people in red ink.第13篇原文：乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔译文：Located by the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal,Wuzhen is an ancient waterside town in Zhejiang Province.原文：这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆译文：It is a fascinating place where there are a good many of ancient bridges,Chinese hotels and restaurants.原文：在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化.是一座展现古文明的博物馆译文：During the past1,000years,the water system and people's lifestyle in Wuzhen have undergone so little change that Wuzhen has become a museum displaying the ancient civilization.原文：乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造译文：All the houses in Wuzhen were built out of stones and woods.原文：数百年来，当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市译文：For hundreds of years,the locals have built up residences and held fairs along the canal.原文：无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现译文：As countless beautiful and spacious courtyards are hidden in between the houses,visitors find pleasant surprises everywhere.第14篇原文：功夫是中GUO武术的俗称，中GUO武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要.狩猎活动以及古代中GUO的军事训练译文：The Chinese Martial Arts,commonly known as Kung Fu,can trace its origin back to the needs of self-defence,hunting and ancient Chinese military training.原文：它是中GUO传体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练译文：Being one of the traditional Chinese physical activities,it can be practiced by both the young and the old.原文：它已逐漸演变成了中GUO文化的独特元素译文：It has gradually evolved into a distinct element of Chinese culture.原文：作为中GUO的GUO宝，功夫有上百种不同的风榕，是世界上练得ZUI多的武术形式译文：As a Chinese national treasure,Kung Fu has hundreds of different styles and is the most practiced form of martial arts in the world.原文：有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些受到了中GUO哲学思想、神话和传说的启发译文：Some of its styles imitate the motions of animals,while some are inspired by the Chinese philosophies,myths and legends.第15篇原文：在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志译文：In the Weifang City of Shandong Province,kites are more than toys;they are also the cultural symbol of the city.原文：潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2,400年放飞风筝的历史译文：Known as"Kite Capital of the World",Weifang has had a history of kite-flying of nearly2, 400years.原文：传说中GUO古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了译文：Legend has it that Mozi,an ancient Chinese philosopher,spent three years making the first kite of the world in Weifang,but the kite fell and broke on its first day of flying.原文：也有人相信风筝是中GUO古代木匠鲁班发明的译文：It is also believed that the kite was invented by the ancient Chinese carpenter Lu Ban.原文：据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地译文：It is said that his kite,made of wood and bamboo,had been flying in the sky for three days before falling to the ground.第16篇原文：今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外GUO人汉语演讲比赛，这项比赛证明是促进中GUO和世界其他地区文化交流的好方法译文：An annual Chinese speech contest for foreigners was held in Changsha this year,which proved to be a good way of promoting the cultural communication between Chi na and other areas of the world.原文：它为世界各地的年轻人提供了更好地了解中GUO的机会译文：It offered young people all over the world a good opportunity to learn better about Chi na.原文：来自87个GUO家共计126位选手聚集在湖南省省会参加了从7月6日到8月5日进行的半决赛和决赛译文：A total of126contestants from87countries gathered in the capital of Hunan Province and took part in both the semi-final and the final from July6to August5.原文：比赛并不是唯一的活动译文：The competition was not the only activity.原文：选手们还有机会参观了中GUO其他地区的著名景点和历史名胜译文：The contestants also got chances to visit the famous scenic spots and historical resorts in other parts of Chi na.第17篇原文：云南省的丽江古镇是中GUO著名的旅游目的地之一译文：Lijiang,an ancient town in Yunnan Province,is one of the most famous tourist attractions in Chi na.原文：那里的生活节奏比大多数中GUO城市都要缓慢译文：The life tempo there is slower than that of most Chinese cities.原文：丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样、丰富多彩的文化让游客体验译文：There is beautiful natural scenery everywhere in Lijiang,and many minorities provide tourists with various and colorful cultural experience.原文：历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名译文：It has also been known as the"City of Love"in history.原文：当地人中流传着许多关于因爱而生、为爱而S的故事译文：Numerous legends about people who were born for love and died for love circulate among the local folk.原文：如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂译文：Nowadays,this ancient town is regarded as the paradise of love and romance in the eyes of both Chinese and foreign visitors.第18篇原文：中GUO父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务译文：Chinese parents usually intend to pay too much attention to their children's study to such an extent that they even don't require their children to help them do the chores.原文：他们对孩子的首要要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学译文：Their primary requirement for their children is to study hard,get good grades and go tofamous universities.原文：他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中GUO这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明译文：They believe this does good to their children because in the society of Chi na which is full of intense competition,only perfect academic performance can ensure a bright future.原文：中GUO父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬译文：Chinese parents also believe if their children can make great achievements in the society, they win receive respect accordingly.原文：因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子提供更好的条件译文：Therefore,they are willing to sacrifice their own time,hobbies and interests to provide better conditions for their children.第19篇原文：中GUO是世界上ZUI古老的文明之一译文：Chi na is one of the most ancient civilizations across the world,原文：构成现代世界基础的许多元素都起源于中GUO译文：from which many elements that construct the foundation of the modem world are derived.原文：中GUO现在拥有世界上发展ZUI快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业GE命译文：Now Chi na has the world's fastest growing economy and is experiencing a new industrial revolution.原文：中GUO还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到2020年建成一个太空站译文：It has also launched an ambitious space exploration plan,including the building of a space station by2020.原文：目前，中GUO是世界ZUI大的出口GUO之一，并正在吸引大量外GUO投资译文：Currently,being one of the largest exporters in the world,Chi na is attracting massive foreign investment.原文：同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元译文：Meanwhile,it has invested billions of dollars overseas as well.原文：2011年，中GUO超越日本成为世界第二大经济体译文：In2011,Chi na surpassed Japan,becoming the second largest economic entity in the world.第20篇原文：中GUO的互联网社区是全世界发展ZUI快的译文：The Internet community in Chi na enjoys the fastest growth around the world.原文：2010年，中GUO约有4.2亿网民，而且人数还在迅速增长译文：There were about420million netizens across Chi na in2010and the number is still increasing rapidly.原文：互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化译文：The growing popularity of the Internet has brought about great social changes.原文：中GUO网民往往不同于美GUO网民译文：Internet users in Chi na are generally different from those of America.原文：美GUO网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款译文：More driven by practical needs,American netizens use the Internet as a tool to send e-mails,buy and sell goods,do research,plan tours or make payments.原文：中GUO网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛地使用论坛、博客、聊天室等译文：Chinese netizens.However,in most cases,make use of the Internet for social reasons. Therefore,forums,blogs and chat rooms and so on are more widely used.第21篇原文：越多的中GUO年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势译文：It is a new trend in recent years that more and more Chinese young people are getting interested in traveling.原文：年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心译文：The growing number of young travelers can be attributed to their rapidly rising incomes and their curiosity to explore the outside world.原文：随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引，有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行译文：As they travel more,young people are spending less time in major cities and famous scenic spots;instead,they are more attracted to remote destinations.Some of them even choose long backpacking trips.原文：ZUI近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野译文：Recent surveys show that through traveling,many young people want to experience different cultures,enrich their knowledge,and broaden their horizons.第22篇原文：据报道，今年中GUO快递服务将递送大约120亿件包裹译文：It is reported that courier services in Chi na will deliver about l2billion parcels this year，原文：这将使中GUO有可能超越美GUO成为世界上ZUI大的快递市场译文：which makes it possible for Chi na to overtake the United States and become the largest market for courier services in the world.原文：大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品译文：Most of the parcels contain items purchased online.原文：中GUO给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会译文：Chi na offers millions of online retailers opportunities to sell their products at significantly competitive prices.原文：仅在11月11日，中GUO消费者就从GUO内ZUI大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品译文：Chinese consumers bought9billion dollars worth of commodities from the nation's largest shopping platform just on the day of11th November.原文：中GUO有不少这样的特殊购物日译文：Since there are many such special shopping days in Chi na，原文：因此，快递业在中GUO扩展就不足为奇了译文：it is no wonder that Chi na's courier services have expanded.第23篇原文：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛译文：The giant panda is a kind of gentle animal with a black-and-white coat.原文：因其数量极少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种译文：It has been listed as an endangered animal due to its very limited number.原文：大熊猫对于世界自然基金会有着特殊意义译文：The giant panda is of great significance to WWF.原文：自1961年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标译文：And it has been its symbol since its establishment in1961.原文：大熊猫是熊科中ZUI稀有的成员，主要生活在中GUO西南部的森林里译文：The giant panda is the rarest animal of the bear family,mainly living in the forests in Southwest Chi na.原文：目前，世界上大约有1000只大熊猫译文：Now,there are approximately1000giant pandas in the world.原文：这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁译文：The animal that mainly eats bamboo is facing many threats.原文：因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要译文：Therefore,to ensure its safety is of greater importance than before.第24篇原文：在西方人心目中，和中GUO联系ZUI为密切的基本食物是大米译文：In the eyes of the western people,the basic food that is mostly related to Chi na is rice.原文：长期以来，大米在中GUO人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”译文：For a long time,rice has played a very important part in Chinese people's diet,so that there is a proverb that goes like this:One can't make bricks without straw.原文：中GUO南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为主食；译文：Rice is mainly grown in southern Chi na and people usually eat rice as the staple food.原文：而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦译文：Since it is too cold or too dry to grow rice in most areas of northern Chi na,wheat is the main crop.原文：在中GUO，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条译文：In Chi na,some people use flour to make bread,but for most people,it is used to make steamed buns and noodles.。
英语翻译基础考试材料第(87)章
17, Li Qingzhao (1084~1155), one of Southern Song Dynasty poetess. No. yi'anjushi, jinan. His early writing the leisurely life, late lamented life, sad mood, some also revealed to the Central Plains miss. Make the best use of form drawing techniques, since the way, elegant language. The word emphasizes the rhythm, advocating elegance, beauty, the word "is not a", as opposed to poetry lyrics.18, Xin Qiji (1140~1207), the word You An, No. Jia Xuan, Licheng (now Shandong Ji'nan) people. Ci writing tries to restore the patriotic enthusiasm of national unity, confide aspirations blighted the grief and indignation, humiliation of wealth song ruling class of surrender to expose and criticize; there are also many chant the rivers and mountains of the motherland's works. Art styles, but mainly in bold. Ebullience, generous and heroic, strong strokes, and Su Shi referred to as "susin". "Broken streak, Chen Tongfu Fu Zhuang words in order to send" the yongyule, Jingkou Beigu Pavilion nostalgia "" water dragon chant, Deng Jiankang delightful Pavilion "" Bodhisattva pretty and Book Jiangxi stoma "are famous.19, Jiang Kui (about 1155~ about 1221 words), Yao chapter, Bai Shi Road, Poyang (now Jiangxi Boyang county) people. He is proficient in temperament, self bending, especially in the word is known, its strict metrical CI Jie, Jun. To the Qing Dynasty "includes" the word selection: "Bai Shi was born to clear with Jiaxuan, change, change for the sparse Dang gallop. The public are hot cover two, the smell. The width is narrow, so it is hard to hide."20, Lu You (1125~1210), the word service concept, since fangweng, interstate Shanyin (now Zhejiang Shaoxing) people. Lu You had been the family education of patriotism, made the ambition of revenge. Lu you life to anti gold claims, although many suffered capitulators blow, but patriotic Chi unswerving is a great patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. Diligent in his creation, life works quite good, have preserved more than 9300 first. The poetic subject is very extensive, rich in content, in which the performance of anti gold country works, most can reflect the spirit of the times. The poem style bold, powerful spirit, similar to Li Bai, it is a "small white" said. "November 4th storm" to show children "", "" divination operator plum is the ancient famous.21, bold faction - graceful faction: two major schools of the song dynasty. His works show a different style. Unconstrained CI school style of work of the bold, artistic conception vigorous; words full of lofty sentiments and aspirations, to give people a positive force; representative writers on Su Shi and Xin Qiji; representative works such as Su Shi's "niannujiao, Chibi to meditate on the past". Graceful faction works elegant language, implicit, words expressing feelings tactfully touching, romance or lively, or parting, or deep resentment; narrow subject matter is write personal encounter, love between men and women, also have written landscape, the financial situation in the background. Liu Yong, Jiang Kui, Li Qingzhao representative poet graceful faction; representative works such as Liu Yong's "Yu Lin Ling" and Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou slow."22, Su Xun: word Ming Yun, old spring, Meishan in the Song Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty essayist and statesman, "downing eight" one of the. Main works set "Jia".23, three: Su Xun, Su Shi, Su zhe.24, Tang and song: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ou Yangxiu, Su Shi, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi, Zeng gong.25, Wang Anshi: preposition Fu, No. the mid levels, the posthumous title, "Wen", the Northern Song Dynasty, Linchuan (now Jiangxi Linchuan), prominent politicians and literary family. In politics, he stressed that "the right change", follow the beaten track against, Lenin was known as the "Chinese reformer in Eleventh Century". The prose poetry vigorousqiao Ba Jin, fresh. The main works are "Mr. Linchuan".26, Ouyang Xiu: permanent TERT word, ong, old age and number sixty-one scholar, the Northern Song Dynasty Jishui (now Jiangxi Jishui) and death posthumous text loyalty. Famous writers, historians and leaders of the literary revolution movement in the Northern Song dynasty. In the cases of Han Y u, strongly opposed floating extravagant prose, advocated the content of ancient. For more about the world, the generation of cutting into the present-day evils, negative reputation, it was called "literary scholar". The famous prose writer, Wang Anshi, Zeng Su and his son out of his door. History of 24 of 27, "twenty four histories": from the "historical records" to "Ming" in the end is known as the official biography of history, "historical records", "Han", "Han", "Three Kingdoms", "Jin Shu", "song book" the book of Nan "" the book of Liang "," Chen Shu "," Wei Shu "," Northern Qi Dynasty book "," Book Week "," Sui Dynasty "" Southern Dynasties "," northern history "," Tang "," Old Tang book "new book of Tang, the Five Dynasties History of the Five Dynasties, the Five Dynasties History" and "history of the Song Dynasty" "Liao history", "Jin history" and "history" and "history of the Ming Dynasty.28, guiyouguang (1506~1571), the word Xi Fu, No. Zhenchuan, prose writer in the Ming Dynasty outstanding. The source of his prose in "historical records", the eight of Tang and Song Dynasties, simple style, sincere feelings, an anti was "Wen Bi Han" theory and ask seemingly formalism fashion. The author of "Zhenchuan anthology".29, Zhang Pu (1602~1571), such as the word day, writers in the late Ming Dynasty, Jiangsu Taicang. He was studious, read, have to copy by hand, repeated six or seven times, so the study is the seven studio. The author of "seven sets" recorded zhai.30, Yao Nai (1731~1815), the word Ji Chuan, no dream Valley, cherish them with xuan. Tongcheng Anhui people in the Qing dynasty. Works more for the book order, the Monument Pass and so on. The author of "Xi Xuan poems" hold, "a series of anthology of classical prose".Tongcheng school is the Qing Dynasty prose。
翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础真题
关于凯程：
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
But love is not a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought,sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, achange in the climate of the personality.
This is a prevalent misconception in many people'sminds---that love, like merchandise, can be“stolen”。Numerous states, in fact,have enacted laws allowing damages for“alienation of affections”。
英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷35(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷35(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2 billion people with as many as one-ninth of needed electric power, saving 50 million tons of coal each year. But the new lake the dam creates will completely submerge 13 riverside cities, 140 large towns, and numerous small villages. Some 12 million people will have to relocate to less fertile areas on higher ground. Opponents to the project also contend that the rising water will threaten wildlife and permanently alter the spectacular Three Gorges, the steep-wall canyons for which the Gorges are named. Worse yet, an earthquake could strike Three Gorges with tragic consequences. 涉及知识点：汉译英5．世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。
第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。
这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。
世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。
在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。
这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。
翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷35(题后含答案及解析)
翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷35(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．宋淇先生(Stephen c．Soong，1919—1996)生前著述甚丰，并不遗余力推动翻译教学与研究工作。
为纪念宋先生对翻泽事业的贡献，宋氏家族于1997年捐款，由香港中文大学中国文化研究所翻泽研究中心设立“宋淇翻译研究论文纪念奖”，旨在奖励海内外华人学者从事具有原创性的翻译研究，尤其鼓励以第一手材料从事文化与历史方向的探讨。
论文奖参选细则如下：1．中国大陆、港、澳、台地区以及海外华人学者、研究生均可参选。
2．参选论文以中、英文语言为限，必须在2010年内公开发表于正式的学术刊物。
3．论文奖每年颁发一次，每次设奖额3名，不分等级，每位得奖者将获颁奖励证书及奖金港币3，000元。
4．论文评审委员会由中国大陆、港、澳、台地区从事翻译研究的知名学者组成。
5．参选论文恕不退稿。
正确答案：Stephen C. Soong(1919 - 1996)was a prolific writer as well as an active figure in the promotion of translation education and research. To commemorate his contributions in this field, the Stephen C . Soong Translation Studies Awards were set up in 1997 by the Research Centre for Translation, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, with a donation from the Soong family. It gives recognition to academics who have made contributions to original research in Chinese Translation Studies, particularly in the use of first-hand sources for historical and cultural investigations. General regulations are as follows;1. Eligibility is limited to Chinese scholars or research students affiliated to mainland Chinese, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau or overseas higher education/research institutes.2. Submissions must be articles written in either Chinese or English and published in a refer-eed journal within the calendar year 2009.3. The prize will be awarded annually to three winners without distinction of grades. A certificate and a cheque of HK $ 3, 000 will be awarded to each winning entry.4. The adjudication committee consists of renowned scholars in Translation Studies from Greater China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.5. Articles submitted will not be returned to the candidates.2．一些国际环境组织近年来已改变了保护策略。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷35(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础（词语翻译）模拟试卷35(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译汉译英1．即将结束正确答案：draw to a close 涉及知识点：汉译英2．雄辩的(动人的)演讲正确答案：eloquent remark 涉及知识点：汉译英3．招待正确答案：entertain 涉及知识点：汉译英4．特殊安排；精心安排正确答案：extraordinary arrangement 涉及知识点：汉译英5．注目礼正确答案：eye salute 涉及知识点：汉译英6．欢送仪式正确答案：farewell ceremony 涉及知识点：汉译英7．感到骄傲和荣幸正确答案：feel proud and honored 涉及知识点：汉译英8．同胞们正确答案：fellow citizens 涉及知识点：汉译英9．外事办正确答案：foreign affairs office 涉及知识点：汉译英10．展宏图，酬壮志正确答案：fulfill one’s ambitions 涉及知识点：汉译英11．盛情款待正确答案：generous hospitality 涉及知识点：汉译英12．真挚友谊正确答案：genuine friendship 涉及知识点：汉译英13．接风洗尘正确答案：give a dinner for a visitor from afar 涉及知识点：汉译英14．友好访问正确答案：goodwill visit 涉及知识点：汉译英15．盛情邀请正确答案：gracious invitation 涉及知识点：汉译英16．热情的演讲，评论正确答案：gracious remark 涉及知识点：汉译英17．主宾正确答案：Guest of Honor 涉及知识点：汉译英18．礼炮正确答案：gun salute 涉及知识点：汉译英19．由衷地感谢正确答案：heartfelt gratefulness 涉及知识点：汉译英20．热烈拥抱正确答案：hearty embrace 涉及知识点：汉译英21．衷心地感谢正确答案：hearty gratitude 涉及知识点：汉译英22．传统正确答案：heritage 涉及知识点：汉译英23．好客正确答案：hospitality 涉及知识点：汉译英24．为……饯行正确答案：host a farewell dinner for someone 涉及知识点：汉译英25．主办国，东道主国家正确答案：host country 涉及知识点：汉译英26．久仰正确答案：I’ve long heard of you 涉及知识点：汉译英27．即席讲话正确答案：impromptu speech 涉及知识点：汉译英28．在……的陪同下正确答案：in the company of…；accompa—nied by．．．涉及知识点：汉译英29．开幕式；就职典礼正确答案：inauguration 涉及知识点：汉译英30．无比盛情的款待正确答案：incomparable hospitality 涉及知识点：汉译英31．活动日程，路线正确答案：itinerary 涉及知识点：汉译英32．友好的欢迎词正确答案：kind words of welcome 涉及知识点：汉译英33．长久的友谊正确答案：lasting friendship 涉及知识点：汉译英34．盼望已久的客人正确答案：long—awaited guest 涉及知识点：汉译英35．回顾过去正确答案：look back at the past 涉及知识点：汉译英36．展望未来正确答案：look into the future 涉及知识点：汉译英37．午餐会正确答案：luncheon 涉及知识点：汉译英38．车队正确答案：motorcade 涉及知识点：汉译英39．泛泛之交正确答案：nodding acquaintance 涉及知识点：汉译英40．开幕致辞正确答案：opening address 涉及知识点：汉译英41．开幕式正确答案：opening ceremony 涉及知识点：汉译英42．回拜正确答案：pay a return visit 涉及知识点：汉译英43．野餐会正确答案：picnic party 涉及知识点：汉译英44．祝酒正确答案：propose a toast 涉及知识点：汉译英45．接待正确答案：receive；play host to 涉及知识点：汉译英46．接待员正确答案：receptionist 涉及知识点：汉译英47．招待会正确答案：reception 涉及知识点：汉译英48．问候正确答案：regards 涉及知识点：汉译英49．重温旧情(结交新友)正确答案：renew old friendships(andestablish new contacts) 涉及知识点：汉译英50．席位安排正确答案：seating arrangement 涉及知识点：汉译英。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷49(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础（词语翻译）模拟试卷49(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译汉译英1．负面转换正确答案：negative shift 涉及知识点：汉译英2．规范正确答案：norms 涉及知识点：汉译英3．必要对等语正确答案：obligatory equivalents 涉及知识点：汉译英4．曲径翻译正确答案：oblique translation 涉及知识点：汉译英5．操作模式正确答案：operational model 涉及知识点：汉译英6．操作规范正确答案：operational norms 涉及知识点：汉译英7．可换对等语正确答案：optional equivalents 涉及知识点：汉译英8．重合翻译正确答案：overlapping translation 涉及知识点：汉译英9．显型翻译正确答案：overt translation 涉及知识点：汉译英10．超额翻译正确答案：overtranslation 涉及知识点：汉译英11．范式对等正确答案：paradigmatic equivalence 涉及知识点：汉译英12．释译正确答案：paraphrase 涉及知识点：汉译英13．局部翻译理论正确答案：partial theories of translation 涉及知识点：汉译英14．参与型接受者正确答案：participative receiver 涉及知识点：汉译英15．具体化翻译正确答案：particularizing translation 涉及知识点：汉译英16．运用正确答案：pertormance 涉及知识点：汉译英17．音素翻译正确答案：phonemic translation 涉及知识点：汉译英18．音位翻译正确答案：phonological translation 涉及知识点：汉译英19．中枢语言正确答案：pivot language 涉及知识点：汉译英20．多元文化理论正确答案：polysystem theory 涉及知识点：汉译英21．语用途径正确答案：pragmatic approach 涉及知识点：汉译英22．语用翻译正确答案：pragmatic translation 涉及知识点：汉译英23．预先规范正确答案：preliminary norms 涉及知识点：汉译英24．规定翻译研究正确答案：prescriptive translation studies 涉及知识点：汉译英25．首级翻译正确答案：primary translation 涉及知识点：汉译英26．关于问题的翻译理论正确答案：problem—restricted theo—ries of translation 涉及知识点：汉译英27．过程取向翻译研究正确答案：process．oriented translation theo-ties 涉及知识点：汉译英28．成品取向翻译研究正确答案：product—oriented translation stud-ies 涉及知识点：汉译英29．翻译规范正确答案：professional norms 涉及知识点：汉译英30．前瞻式翻译正确答案：prospective translation 涉及知识点：汉译英31．原型文本正确答案：prototext 涉及知识点：汉译英32．伪翻译正确答案：pseudo translation 涉及知识点：汉译英33．纯语言正确答案：pure language 涉及知识点：汉译英34．原始翻译正确答案：radical translation 涉及知识点：汉译英35．级阶受限翻译正确答案：rank—bound translation 涉及知识点：汉译英36．独有特征正确答案：realia 涉及知识点：汉译英37．接受语正确答案：receptor language 涉及知识点：汉译英38．重构式翻译正确答案：translation with reconstruction 涉及知识点：汉译英39．冗余正确答案：redundancy 涉及知识点：汉译英40．折射正确答案：refraction 涉及知识点：汉译英41．规约性翻译常规正确答案：regulative translational conven-tions 涉及知识点：汉译英42．转接传译正确答案：relay interpreting 涉及知识点：汉译英43．知识库要素正确答案：repertoreme 涉及知识点：汉译英44．阻抗正确答案：resistancy 涉及知识点：汉译英45．受限翻译正确答案：restricted translation 涉及知识点：汉译英46．重组正确答案：restructuring 涉及知识点：汉译英47．后瞻式翻译正确答案：retrospective translation 涉及知识点：汉译英48．重写正确答案：rewriting 涉及知识点：汉译英49．韵体翻译正确答案：rhymed translation 涉及知识点：汉译英50．二级翻译正确答案：secondary translation 涉及知识点：汉译英。
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To: the courage to smell in the princes (with) may fifteen city Yi Bi (please, take)
The Yan Wei Jing to repair power (and also, please set the conjunction) the prince is the king, to the vast Qin wang. (used)
I was so anxious to be the first country, and also personal (because)
Solid: the fear of the king of Qin jade is broken, please (decline, fixed firmly, insist, insist on)
The solid state is not to stream the risk (Consolidation)
Ru Xinzhi is solid, solid, not penetrating (stubborn, stubborn)
In seven the garrison dead solid sixteen (original)
The audience (especially strong, according to the strategic pass terrain and the city walls strong, easily defensible.)
View: the view of Imperial College (learning) the king column view (see Chen Palace)
The world of the great and wonderful view of rose is very strange and mysterious concept (sight) in peach trees (Taoist temple)
The open window and view (see)
Sign: the bus characteristics of worship (Zheng Zhao) the doctor strange the salty without sign (proof) The emperor to sign four years (a) syndrome (private collection)
Because: 1. Human capital (conjunctions, the relation table, then, then)
The vibration sound server so awareness soared. (prepositions, from)
And the king, for I have come down with you, and with you as a brother.
The long, make the hills to the sea in the shitara, Wu zhijiu. Because of the Wu Yue (prepositions, while, the opportunity)
The result will go to Wu sorrily cry, and. (and, therefore, the conjunction, that is, the CIS)
For the guests to the door to apologize (preposition, Lin, through via)
In: Wu Yuan six years to the beginning of spring to the capital (to...... At the time)
The Hun thought God (the)
3 and a bi so strong Qin Huan inverse (because)
The phase such as to go to the king. Zhao Cheng (in)
The first Qin Zhiqiang today in order to cut fifteen city to Zhao (with)
Is: the first ten years is the (only) to ask this is what the world, but I do not know whether there is a Han, regardless of the Wei and Jin Dynasties (actually, but)
But then the research (on) the logical administration and harmonious people, yin and Yang is rebuilt to full-scale reconstruction is under way. (Yu Shi), Yueyang Tower
Monarch: This is not even the monarch (Zheng Zhao), the king of new Beiling, rain. ("escape", escape)
The lips with open open) the provision of benevolence, the monarch disease Mei Museum to storage (open, open)
The evil said (excluding, the territory of the new refutation) (reclamation).
System: the tooth ingenious system (production, construction) of spare capacity and the disadvantages of Qin (uniform, control)
The wuqi...... She's made its Bing Lun (command, command) the Yueyang Tower is rebuilt, by the old system (scale)
The ancient and modern words
Three, explain the following line with the ancient and modern words in the sentence.
1, thanks to the world (by official)
2, do not want to have that and, chi (anxiety, worry)
3, please take Xianyang as Zhao Wangshou (to toast or gift)
4. Please indicate the king (refer to...... See)
5, the minister so to relatives and the king (left) (relatives, including parents and relatives)
6, so as to advance (and contribution)
7, friends in days of simple life (Ping Min)。