2010各区二模汉译英
上海市奉贤区2010年高考二模英语试题及答案
上海市奉贤区2010届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题2010.4 本试卷分为第I卷(第1-11)和第II卷(第12页)两部分。
全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第I卷（105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. January. B. June. C. December. D. November.2. A. The director. B. The woman.C. The guide.D. The woman’s uncle.3. A. It doesn’t work. B. It only works temporarily.C. It’s really effective.D. It has strong side effects.4. A. The man can repair the light. B. The man can do his work elsewhere.C. The woman can’t help with the man’s work.D. The woman seldom works in the room.5. A. The homework was difficult.B. It didn’t take long to finish the homework.C. It took her all the night to finish the homework.D. She didn’t think he could finish the homework.6. A. More than two months. B. Less than two months.C. Quite a few years.D. Up to three years.7. A. She wants to make a call.B. She wants to measure the corridor.C. She wants to find a room to relax.D. She wants to know where the washroom is.8. A. Lonely. B. Sad. C. Tired. D. Young.9. A. To call him up. B. To bring him home.C. To pick him up.D. To convey a message.10. A. It’s a nice fit. B. It’s the current fashion.C. It’s really strange.D. It’s an old style.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Nineteen eighty.B. Nineteen sixty-five.C. Nineteen ninety.D. Nineteen ninety-five.12. A. The goal is to cut the number of people living in extreme poverty by 15 percent.B. They hope to reduce child deaths by one-third.C. It tells you that the world has both the resources and the political will to cut poverty.D. They want to provide basic education to all children within 10 years.13. A. The number of years that the U.N has been in business.B. All U.N. goals to cut poverty are at risk.C. Plans to cut expenses over the next five years.D. The U.N. has saved most of the eight hundred million people that were living in poverty.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following speech.14. A. One-sixth of them are seriously polluted.B. One-third of them are seriously polluted.C. Half of them are seriously polluted.D. Most of them are seriously polluted.15. A. There was no garbage left to clean up.B. There was more garbage than before and they had to work harder.C. The river had become so clean that a lot of water-birds come back.D. The river was much cleaner and they had to search for garbage.16. A. Most of them would be indifferent and keep on throwing garbage into river.B. They would join the students in changing the situation.C. They would become more aware of the pollution problem.D. They would think twice before they went swimming or fishing in the river.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.be held?Complete the form . Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.When will Sam meet Paula? At about 7:30 24 .Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. —Can he take charge of the computer company?—I’m afraid it is _________ his ability.A. beyondB. withinC. ofD. to26. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _________of them answered it.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. nobody27. The higher the oil price is, ___________to the global economy.A. the more damage will it causeB. the more it will cause damageC. the more damage it will causeD. the more will it cause damage28. _________at the very beginning, the financial crisis was getting worse and worse in America.A. Not dealt with properlyB. Not dealing with properlyC. Not having dealt with properlyD. Not being dealt with properly29. The custom of giving gifts at Christmas can be traced back to the Wise Men _________gifts to the baby Jesus.A. bringB. broughtC. bringingD. being brought30. The driver _________, according to the newspaper, to have been killed in the traffic accident.A. saidB. was sayingC. was saidD. had been said31. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you _________unless you save it regularly.A. are workingB. workC. will workD. worked32. The building burnt down in a big fire. _________was the base on which it stood.A. What remainedB. All remainedC. What was remainedD. All what remained33. To our surprise, that top student in our class failed _________a scholarship.A. obtainB. obtainingC. to obtainD. obtainedI feel honored to introduce Mr White to you, without _________consideration our projectwould have ended in failure.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. who35. _________advertisements are of great help, I don’t think we should entirely rely on them.A. SinceB. WhileC. OnceD. As36. No one knows _________ prevented the rumor from spreading.A. what was it thatB. what it was thatC. how it was thatD. why it was that37. _________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. So were curious the coupleD. So was the couple curiousJoe’s_______ in the get-together surely brought us a lot of pleasure as he is a man with a strong sense of humour.A. joiningB. having been joinedC. joinedD. had joinedAfter John stayed in shanghai for a couple of days, he got the impression _________the citywas very fascinating.A. whichB. whyC. whereD. that40. Don’t leave the chocolates _______Cathy can get the m. They are not good for teeth.A. whetherB. in whichC. whereD. unlessSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.to London. The 41 gallery was opened by Charles Saatchi, a British art collector famous for founding the Saatchi and Saatchi advertising agency with his brother. It moved from its old 42 in St. John’s Wood to its new h ome in County Hall near the Thames in the spring of 2003. Anyone who has heard reports in the past of the often shocking but always thought-provoking (激发) works on 43 at the Saatchi Gallery will not be disappointed when visiting the gallery’s new loc ation. Along with the exhibits of new British artists, the gallery still includes the works of Damien Hirst, the Chapman brothers, and Tracy Emin in its permanent 44 .Of the artworks, one can see in the Saatchi Gallery, Hirst’s works are probably the most well-known. Hirst’s work first made headlines in the early 1990s when he 45 art from dead animals.Along with Hirst, the Chapman brothers, Dinos and Jake, also owe a certain amount of their fame to the Saatchi Gallery. It was through Saatchi that these two brothers came to 46 attention. At the gallery, visitors can see the brothers’ vision of Hell, made from 30, 000 plastic toy soldiers. Another artist 47 at the gallery who has grabbed headlines with her art is Tracy Emin. In 1998, Emin gave rise to argument when she sold her 48 , unmade bed to Saatchi as a work of art titled My Bed at ￡150, 000.Are any of these works really art? That is a question you will have to answer for yourself when you visit the Saatchi Gallery. Charles S aatchi himself says, “I don’t have any ground rules for 49 art. Sometimes you look and don’t feel very comfortable with it—but that doesn't tell you very much. It doesn't necessarily reveal much about the quality of the work.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Around 15 million of us will leave a cup of tea to go cold today while a similar amount will forget where they put the keys to their house or car.Meanwhile, 12 million go to the shops only to 50 forget what they went for----and the same will forget about 51 washing in the machine, according to the survey 52 by .PIN numbers, passwords and chores such as taking food out of the freezer the night before and 53 your mobile phone also stood highly on the list. And more than one in ten 54 forgetting to buy a lottery ticket which may have 55 them a win.Modern busy lifestyles and increased 56 as well as modern technology were 57 the increase in our levels of forgetfulness.A National Lottery spokesman said: “We are busier than ever in our work and personal lives and it seems we just have too much to remember for our 58 minds.”The study found the technology has also played a part, leaving us with more gadgets(小装置) than ever before to 59 and charge or take care of.60 work pressures it is within the home environment where most things are forgotten, such as credit card 61 , children’s school events or food related things.The study found one in four people have 62 an important appointment and nearly one in five have fallen out with a friend over a forgotten date or event.Women are much better than men in the report, failing to 63 an average of two and a half things every day 64 to 3.5 things for men.50. A. completely B. fortunately C. barely D. mostly51. A. freezing B. elegant C. formal D. wet52. A. experimented B. conducted C. applied D. commanded53. A. loading B. forgetting C. charging D. remarking54. A. deny B. admit C. forbid D. avoid55. A. entitled B. purchased C. consumed D. cost56. A. pressure B. rank C. logic D. weight57. A. led to B. blamed for C. brought about D. confirmed58. A. crowded B. conscious C. impatient D. accurate59. A. dive in B. insert in C. push in D. plug in60. A. Despite B. Though C. In spite D. Moreover61. A. illustrations B. thefts C. payments D. journals62. A. missed B. made C. drawn D. concluded63. A. ignore B. remind C. recall D. assure64. A. devoted B. contributed C. opposed D. comparedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I am a good mother to three children. I have tried never to let my profession stand in the way ofbeing a good parent.I no longer consider myself the center of universe. I show up. I listen. I try to laugh. I was a good friend to my husband. I have tried to make marriage vows(誓约)mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So here’s what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life. A real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house.Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who loves you. And remember that love is not leisure, it is work. Pick up the phone. Send an e-mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking for granted.It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes. It is so easy to exist instead of to live. I learned to live many years ago. Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesso n of all.I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned.65. How did the writer form her view of life?A. Through social experienceB. By learning from her friendsC. Through an unfortunate experienceD. From her children and husband66. The sentence “It is so easy to exist instead of to live.” means that people tend to _________.A. waste a lot in lifeB. work rather than enjoy lifeC. make a living rather live a real lifeD. forget the most important lessons in life67. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.A. The author likes travelling very muchB. The author did not try her best to work wellC. The author spent all her time caring for childrenD. the author is a success in personal life68. The best title for this passage probably is______.A. Love your friendsB. Live a real lifeC. Don’t waste timeD. Be a good wife and mother(B)OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.69. Which toy is said to have the s pecial design for children’s safety?A. ROBOSAPIENB. MINI PEDAL CARC. FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SETD. TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL70. Which toys are fit for three-year-old kids?A. 1 and 3.B. 2 and 4.C. I and 2.D. 3 and 4.71. This passage is written for __________.A. parentsB. childrenC. the salesmanD. the boss(C)Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone （臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” S cientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate from 6 to 36 months.T his small, remote-control robot is really powerful. It performs 67 preprogrammed functions, including throwing,kicking, picking up and dancing. You can even program yourown function-which, sadly, does not include doing windows.$99 Want a Mini Cooper but can’t fit the family inside? Get onesystem as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.72. According to the new findings, taki ng steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there73. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming74. The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. disturbedFrom the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.A. warm the climate as the suppos ition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy(D)Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76.goals. Let’s say you want to r un a marathon. If you try to run the entire distance of 26.2 miles tomorrow without any training, you're unlikely to succeed. It takes the average person 4 months of training to run that far! Part of staying motivated is being specific about what you want to achieve. “I'm going to recycle all my plastic bottles, soda cans, and magazines” is a much more achievablegoal than “I'm going to do more for the environment.” And that makes it easier to stick with.77.— like getting up half an hour early to exercise — become a routine part of your life. That's because your brain needs time to get used to the idea that this new thing you're doing is part of your regular routine.[来源:学§科§网Z§X §X§K]78.Write your goal down every day to ke ep you focused and remind you how much you want it. Research shows that writing down a goal is part of the mental process of committing to it. Meanwhile, say your goal out loud each morning to remind yourself of what you want and what you're working for. Every time you remind yourself of your goal, you're training your brain to make it happen.79.The people who love you can help you stick with a goal or make a change. But the key to making any change is to find the desire within yourself —you have to do it because you want it, not because a girlfriend, boyfriend, coach, parent, or someone else wants you to. It will be harder to stay on track and motivated if you're doing something out of obligation to another person.80.If you slip up, don’t give up. Forgive yourself and make a plan for getting back on track. Slip-ups are actually part of the learning process as you retrain your brain into a new way of thinking. It is normal to mess up a few times when trying to make a change. Instead of feeling discouraged, view slip-ups as lessons and reminders of why you’re trying to make a change. When you mess up, it’s not a fault —it’s an opportunity to learn something new about yourself. Say your goal is to fight less with your brother or sister. You may learn that it's better to say, “I can’t talk about this right now” and take time to calm down when you feel your temper growing out of control.(E)Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions and complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly, and for which we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol, cigarettes, food, drugs, gambling, etc. This article discusses the concepts which can be helpful in coping with addictive behavior.Relatively minor addictions, such as watching too much television, or lying in bed on weekend mornings, are often not even considered addictions, because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand, we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who, at le ast in the eyes of others, continues to be addicted in a behavior long after it has become clear that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit. The individual who has lost career, house,family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) use, but is unwilling to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences, to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentioned, with much area in between. Although it is not necessarily true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time, yet a constant level of addictive behavior (e.g., overspending $ 200 a week ) can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.You may be surprised to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym, the time involved and any clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better health, energy, self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictions, positive addictions may not get stronger over time, and there is a broad range of how much benefit is actually obtained.What is common to both positive and negative addictions is the urge to engage in the addictive behavior, and the satisfaction that is felt when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a state of tension and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon, there is an increased likelihood that we will act on the urge again.81. What does the passage mainly talk about?__________________________________________________.We use the term “addict” to describe a person w hen he or she goes on _______________even though he or she knows it is not worthwhile.83. Why is exercising in the gym considered to be a positive addiction?_______________________________________________.84. How do people feel when the urge is acted on?_______________________________________________.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)第II卷（45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、中国文化与西方文化是不同的。
2010年11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题
2010年11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(1)第一篇Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floating flat-backed trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to find charters in a sign of the downturn in Britain's oil industry.With UK North Sea oil and gas production 44 percent below its peak, self-styled oil capital of Europe Aberdeen fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.The oil industry that at one stage sparked talk of Scotland as "the Kuwait of the West" has already outlived most predictions.Tourism, life sciences, and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen's targeted substitutes for North sea oil and gas -- but for many the biggest prize would be to use its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.The city aims to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbon dioxide capture and storage.Alex Salmond, head of the devolved Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen last month the market for wind power could be worth 130 billion pounds, while Scotland could be the "Saudi Arabia of tidal power.""We're seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to the market we've seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years," he said.Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil. Eager to put Aberdeen on the international tourist map, local business has strrongly backed a plan by U.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golf project 12 km (8 miles) north of the city, even though it means building on a nature reserve.The city also hopes to reorientate its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oil centers such as Brazil. "Just because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn't mean that Aberdeen as a global center also declines," said Robert Collier, Chamber of Commerce Chief Executive. "That expertise can still stay here and be exported around the world."2010年11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(2)第二篇We mark the passing of 800 years, and that is indeed a remarkable span for any institution. But history is never an even-flowing stream, and the most remarkable thing about modern Cambridge has been its enormous growth over the past half century. Since I came up as an undergraduate in 1961 the student population has more than doubled. More students have meant more teachers, and, even more significantly, more scholars devoted solely to research: every category has more than doubled in numbers. This huge increase has been partly absorbed by an expansion of the colleges: they all have more students and more Fellows than they did 50 years ago; and, since 1954, no fewer than 11 of the 31 colleges are either brand new foundations, or have been conjured up as new creations from existing but quite different bodies. From being a university primarily driven by undergraduate education, Cambridge's reputation is now overwhelmingly tied to its research achievements, which can be simply represented by the fact that more than three-quarters of its current annual income is devoted to research. This has brought not just new laboratories but new buildings to house whole faculties and departments: in the mid-20th century few faculties had a physical manifestation beyond, perhaps, a library and a couple of administrative offices.Cambridge attracts the best students and academics because they find the University and the colleges stimulatiing and enjoyable places in which to live and work. The students are thrown in with similarly able minds, learning as much from each other as from their teachers; the good senior academics know better than to be too hierarchical or to cut themselves off from intellectual criticism and debate.One generation dismisses another: not even Erasmus or Newton, Darwin or Keynes stand unscathed by the passage of time; nor can we be but humbled, especially in our day when so much information is so easily accessible, by the vast store of knowledge which we can approach but never really control. Our library and museum collections bring us into contact with many lives lived in the past. They serve as symbols of the continuity of learning, or the diversity of views, of an obligation to wrestle with fact and argument, to come to our own conclusions, and in turn to be accountable for our findings. The real quest is not for knowledge, but for understanding.Europe Finds Clean Energy in Trash, but U.S. LagsBy ELISABETH ROSENTHALPublished: April 12, 2010HORSHOLM, Denmark —The lawyers and engineers who dwell in an elegant enclavehere are at peace with the hulking neighbor just over the back fence: a vast energy plant that burns thousands of tons of household garbage and industrial waste, round the clock.Far cleaner than conventional incinerators, this new type of plant converts local trash into heat and electricity. Dozens of filters catch pollutants, from mercury to dioxin, that would have emerged from its smokestack only a decade ago.In that time, such plants have become both the mainstay of garbage disposal and a crucial fuel source across Denmark, from wealthy exurbs like Horsholm to Copenhagen’s downtown area. Their use has not only reduced the country’s energy costs and reliance on oil and gas, but also benefited the environment, diminishing the use of landfills and cutting carbon dioxide emissions. The plants run so cleanly that many times more dioxin is now released from home fireplaces and backyard barbecues than from incineration.With all these innovations, Denmark now regards garbage as a clean alternative fuel rather than a smelly, unsightly problem. And the incinerators, known as waste-to-energy plants, have acquired considerable cachet as communities like Horsholm vie to have them built.Denmark now has 29 such plants, serving 98 municipalities in a country of 5.5 million people, and 10 more are planned or under construction. Across Europe, there are about 400 plants, with Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands leading the pack in expanding them and building new ones.By contrast, no new waste-to-energy plants are being planned or built in the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency says —even though the federal government and 24 states now classify waste that is burned this way for energy as a renewable fuel, in many cases eligible for subsidies. There are only 87 trash-burning power plants in the United States, a country of more than 300 million people, and almost all were built at least 15 years ago.Instead, distant landfills remain the end point for most of the nation’s trash. New York City alone sends 10,500 tons of residential waste each day to landfills in places like Ohio and South Carolina.“Europe has gotten out ahead with this newest technology,” said Ian A. Bowles, a former Clinton administration official who is now the Massachusetts state secretary of energy.Still, Mr. Bowles said that as America’s current landfills topped out and pressure to reduce heat-trapping gases grew, Massachusetts and some other states were “actively considering” new waste-to-energy proposals; several existing plants are being expanded. He said he expected resistance all the same in a place where even a wind turbine sets off protests.Why Americans Are ReluctantMatt Hale, director of the Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, said the reasons that waste-to-energy plants had not caught on nationally were the relative abundance of cheap landfills in a large country, opposition from state officials who feared the plants could undercut recycling programs and a “negative public perception.” In the United States, individual states and municipalities generally decide what method to use to get rid of their waste.Being Fluent with Information Technology, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.现在把考试原文贴下面：2.1 What is Fluency with Information Technology?这是原来书里标题Fluency with information technology (abbreviated as FITness) goes beyond traditional notions of computer literacy. As noted in Chapter 1, literacy about information technology might call for a minimal level of familiarity with technological tools like word processors, e-mail, and Web browsers. By contrast, FITness requires that persons understand information technology broadly enough to be able to apply it productively at work and in their everyday lives, to recognize when information technology would assist or impede the achievement of a goal, and to continually adapt to the changes in and advancement of information technology. FITness therefore requires a deeper, more essential understanding and mastery of information technology for information processing, communication, and problem solving than does computer literacy as traditionally defined. (Box 2.1 addresses the difference between literacy and FITness in more specific terms.) Note also that FITness as described in this chapter builds on many other fundamental competencies, such as textual literacy, logical reasoning, and knowledge of civics and society. Information technology is a medium that permits the expression of a vast array of information, ideas, concepts, and messages, and FITness is about effectively exploiting that expressive power. FITness enables a person to accomplish a variety of different tasks using information technology and to develop different ways of accomplishing a given task.FITness comes in degrees and gradations and is tied to different purposes. FITness is thus not an "end state" that is independent of domain, but rather develops over a lifetime in particular domains of interest involving particular applications. Aspects of FITness can be developed by using spreadsheets for personal or professional budgeting, desktop publishing tools to create or edit documents or Web pages, search engines and database management tools for locating information on the Web or inlarge databases, and design tools to create visualizations in various scientific and engineering disciplines.The wide variety of contexts in which FITness is relevant is matched by the rapid pace at which information technology evolves. Most professionals today require constant upgrading of technological skills as new tools become useful in their work; they learn new word processing programs, new computer-assisted design environments, or new techniques for searching the World Wide Web. Different applications of informationtechnology emerge rather frequently, both in areas with long traditions of using information and information technology and in areas that are not usually seen as being technology-intensive. Perhaps the major challenge for individuals embarking on the goal of lifelong FITness involves deciding when to learn a new tool, when to change to a new technology, when to devote energy to increasing technological competency, and when to allocate time to other professional activities.The above comments suggest that FITness is personal, graduated, and dynamic. FITness is personal in the sense that individuals evaluate, distinguish, learn, and use new information technology as appropriate to their own sustained personal and professional activities. What is appropriate for an individual depends on the particular applications, activities, and opportunities for FITness that are associated with the individual's area of interest or specialization, and what is reasonable for a FIT lawyer or a historian to know and be able to do may well differ from what is required for a FIT scientist or engineer. FITness is graduated in the sense that it is characterized by different levels of sophistication (rather than a single FIT / not-FIT judgment), and it is dynamic in that it requires lifelong learning as information technology evolves.。
2010年考研英语二真题全文翻 译答案超详解析
2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道，叙述了猪流感的爆发，产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。
首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。
第三段引用专家的观点，认为瘟疫并不严重。
第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例，说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。
第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。
二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“… was declared a global epidemic…”，根据 declare 的逻辑（“宣布为”），可知应该选 D 项designated“命名，制定”，而不是 C 项 commented“评论”，这是典型的近义词复现题目。
2．【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索，选出答案，难度在于出处句是个长难句。
本句的理解应该抓住 alert、meeting 和 a sharp rise 三者的关系，根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise（“病例数的增加”）是 meeting（“日内瓦专家会议”）的原因，由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因，而是结果，即 meeting 使得 alert 升级。
根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项，B 项activated“激活，激起”，D 项“促使，引起”，此两项的选择都在讲 alert 导致了 meeting的召开。
而C 项followed 意思是“紧随，跟在……之后”，体现出after 的逻辑，完全满足本句 rise 之后是 meeting，meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑，所以是正确项。
而 A 项proceeded“继续”，属不及物动词，不可接宾语，用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。
3．【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and，从并列呼应来看：空格后的表达 in Britain…对应前面的 in Australia，所以空格处 rising _____ 应该对应 a sharp rise in cases（“病例数的剧增”），因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。
广西桂林市2010届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷及参考答案
广西桂林市2010届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷及参考答案
2012年05月23日亲，很高兴访问《广西桂林市2010届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷及参考答案》一文，也欢迎您访问店铺（）的高考频道，为您精心准备了2010高考外语日常练习的相关模拟考试试题内容！同时，我们正在加紧建设高考频道，我们全体编辑的努力全是为了您，希望您能在本次高考中能获得好的名次，以及考上满意的大学，也希望我们准备的《广西桂林市2010届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷及参考答案》内容能帮助到您。
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上海2010高考英语二模各区翻译整理
虹口1. 世博期间上海许多旅馆的房间必须提前预定。
(reserve)•Rooms in many hotels in Shanghai must be reserved in advance during the Expo.、2. 因灾害频发，旅行社必须向游客确保旅行的安全。
(assure)•向游客确保assure sb of sth•assure tourists of the safety of traveling•向顾客保证质量•assure customers of quality•assu re sb that…•assure customers that there is no danger•ensure that•因灾害频发•because of frequent disasters•because disasters often happen / occur•the travel/tour agency must assure tourists of the safety of traveling.3. 如果你一收到消息就能给我答复的话，我将不胜感激。
(the moment)•我将不胜感激•I would appreciate it very much if you could…•给我答复reply to me•my letter / a question•the moment you receive the message.4. 期望过高和缺乏工作经验是很多毕业生未能找到理想工作的主要原因。
(lack of) •缺乏工作经验lack of working / work experience•期望过高too high expectationsare the main reasons why many graduates fail to find ideal jobs.expectations•不切合实际的期望•unrealistic expectations•我决心尽自己的全力以赴，对得起父母的期望.•I’m determined to go all out to live up to my parents’ expectations.•与我们期望相反的是，他没有回信。
2010上海四区二模英语试卷
宝山区2009学年度第二学期高三质量检测英语学科试卷考生注意：1、答第一卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。
2、第I卷（1—16小题，25 — 80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷中的第17—24小题、81—84小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
第I卷（共 105 分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $11. B. $6. C. $7. D. $4.2. A. Buy some glasses. B. Go to her classes.C. Go to a movie.D. Get a new pair of glasses.3. A. He's not hungry.B. He has to finish his work first.C. Typing will take him a whole afternoon.D. He hates missing his lunch.4. A. She lost her job because of her laziness.B. She was asked to work longer hours.C. She was warned not to be late for work.D. She was praised for her services.5. A. Russian ballet. B. A new movie.C. A bowling match.D. A football game.6. A. Drive her to the game. B. Call her a taxi.C. Telephone Lisa.D. Lend his car.7. A. Boss and secretary. B. General manager and clerk.C. Interviewer and interviewee.D. Teacher and student.8. A. Their taste in books is different. B. She doesn’t like to read.C. The library isn’t open late.D. She only reads interesting books.9. A. She went home early. B. She came home later than expected.C. She was badly hurt.D. She went to see Mary.10. A. Peter received a large sum of money after a relative died.B. Peter heard his aunt had a lot of money.C. Peter earned some money by taking care of a relative.D. Peter was quite grateful to a relative.Section B PassagesDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Control blood pressure. B. Aid muscle movement.C. Help digestion.D. Avoid cold.12. A. It has five times the amount of vitamins A and C found in an apple.B. It contains much more fat and protein than other fruit.C. It gives people physical, mental and emotional benefits.D. Its skin can produce a great shine on your shoes.13. A. Its appearance will remain the same. B. It will spoil less quickly.C. It will go bad more quickly.D. It will never be soft.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. It was difficult for other cars to pass.B. The dog couldn’t follow his car.C. He was driving at too high a speed.D. The dog was likely to be injured.15. A. He required Railton to pay the fine.B. He took Railton to the police station.C. He asked Railton to put the dog into the car.D. He sent him home and charged him.16. A. He had never broken the traffic rules.B. He was bitterly punished for his laziness.C. It was his daily routine to walk his dog by car.D. He was too old to run after his dog.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the message. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _______ easy reach.A. nearB. uponC. withinD. around26. We are ensured that there are enough textbooks for each student to have _______ when thenew semester comes.A. itB. thoseC. oneD. them27. — She looks very happy. She _______ have passed the exam.—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. might28. — Why did you leave that company?— I _______ a better position at IBM.A. offerB. offeredC. am offeredD. was offered29. _______ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline+86-21-962010.A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out30. They are considering ____ the house before the prices go up.A. purchaseB. purchasingC. purchasedD. to purchase31. Teenagers have reached a point in their life _______ they are supposed to make decisionsof their own for the first time.A. whichB. whereC. howD. why32. There is a great deal of research _______ that music activities engage different parts ofthe brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating33. Evidence has been piled up _______ drinking water after getting up in the morningcontributes to one’s health.A. whatB. whichC. ifD. that34. Many experts believe that teachers’ development is _______ the key to better educationlies.A. thatB. whatC. whereD. which35. The cause he had devoted himself to _______ a perfect success.A. provingB. provedC. was provedD. has been proved36. Only when you leave your parents for college education _______ how much you lovethem.A. do you realizeB. you realizeC. you will realizeD. will you realize37. Bad habits, _______ formed, are difficult, and sometimes impossible to shake off.A. onceB. beforeC. untilD. unless38. — Did you take enough money with you?— Yes, but I spent _______ I had expected.A. not so many asB. as many asC. much more thanD. much less than39. —I’ve read another essay this week.— Well, maybe _______ is not how much you read but what you read that matters.A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it40. ______along either bank of Huangpu River, trees and flowers added beauty to thenewly-decorated bund.A. PlantingB. PlantedC. To plantD. To be plantedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why does a woman have the last (and longest) laugh? The answer is that women enjoy ajoke more once they get it. If you tell a woman a joke and get a blank look, don’t 41 despair. She’s just taking her time to understand it. But if the punchline（妙语）does eventually make her laugh it will be 42 the wait.Scientists have found that while women are slower than men at getting jokes, they enjoy them more when they truly understand. Research shows that women use their brain more than men to process witty 43 and have less expectation that they will be funny.When a joke does hit the right 44 , however, women derive more pleasure from it. Scientists asked ten men and ten women to look at dozens of black and white cartoons and rate them on a “funniness scale”. During the process they underwent sophisticated scans that mapped which parts of their brain were lighting up and timed how long it took them to 45 to a joke. The women tended to use 46 parts of their brain. Professor Allan Reiss said: “We found greater activity in the parts of their brain in women, showing women are processing stimuli that 47 language areas of the brain.”The 48 of a “feelgood” brai n region also revealed that men and women have different attitudes to humour. Experts said: “Women appeared to have less expectation of a reward. So they were more pleased about it.” The funnier the cartoon, the more the women’s parts of their brain lit up. This was not the case for men. The women took 49 longer than the men to react to jokes that were funny — but were quicker to spot the “truth”.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People with a positive attitude toward aging can adjust very well when individual circumstances change. Their positive outlook allows them to 50 to the inevitable physical and biochemical changes of the body that are associated with the natural 51 of aging. With a healthy outlook on the golden years, even unpredictable setbacks and disabilities can be managed 52 .Individual genetic makeup (基因构造) explains the great 53 in the aging rate. Some seniors experience more challenges than others of the same age, and some seniors continue to function better than many younger people. But genetics only 54 about 30 percent of aging. Most of the changes we associate with age 55 factors such as diet and exercise habits; lifestyle issues, including over 56 of alcohol and tobacco, and psychological traits.We can make healthy lifestyle choices by staying 57 both physically and mentally and by 58 a healthy diet. Some of the setbacks associated with advancing age such as 59 eyesight, loss of hearing, forgetfulness, weakness can be forestalled with some active intervention（干预）.Growing older does not always mean you see poorly. Many older people have 60 good eyesight well into their eighties and beyond. However, the single greatest contributor to vision loss is a lifetime of 61 to damaging ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation in sunlight.Carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, a nutrient found in brightly colored vegetables and fruits, are powerful protectors against free-radical damage. Research shows that simply eating leafy greens and other foods rich in these protective nutrients can 62 vision loss.Problems with hearing can create 63 and insecurity in later years. One of the major causes of age-related hearing loss is damage to the hair cells in the inner ear that transmit sounds to the brain. These hair cells and their nerve endings can be damaged by infections, genetic diseases, or treatment with certain drugs. The most common cause, 64 , is loud noise.50. A. stick B. devote C. adapt D. lead51. A. progress B. process C. program D. project52. A. successfully B. purposefully C. unwillingly D. carefully53. A. surprise B. variation C. increase D. possibility54. A. relies on B. accounts for C. results from D. lies in55. A. involve in B. relate to C. combine with D. substitute for56. A. reputation B. enjoyment C. consumption D. encouragement57. A. active B. calm C. efficient D. diligent58. A. maintaining B. feeding C. surviving D. controlling59. A. keen B. failing C. sharp D. remote60. A. generally B. frequently C. relatively D. occasionally61. A. contribution B. introduction C. explanation D. exposure62. A. cure B. relieve C. reduce D. suffer63. A. communication B. isolation C. competition D. occupation64. A. therefore B. otherwise C. moreover D. howeverSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)From snow-clogged mountain roads to desert highways, freeways to crowded city streets, Californians face a variety of tough driving conditions. But thanks to savvy driving, they consume proportionately less gasoline the rest of the nation. Here, some tips from the Golden State that will help drivers all over the country to get up to 25% more miles per gallon! By SUSAN NESTORFREEW AY FRENZY●Try to maintain a steady speed — especially on freeways and expressways. Never exceeda steady 55 mph. Varying speed by as little as 5mph can reduce mileage by 1.5 miles pergallon. Avoid constant lane changes to “get ahead.”●Buy radial tyres. If you do a lot of expressway driving, they can increase mileage by as much as 10%. Your fuel savings will pay for the higher tyre price.ON CITY STREETS● Plan your route. City driving consumes about 50% more fuel than highway driving (100% more in crowed traffic). Always choose a route with synchronized traffic signals to get the best run for your money.● Avoid unnecessary braking. Anticipate（预期）traffic light changes; it takes a lot of extra gas to get the car up to speed again.COLD●In winter, keep the car in a garage. It will start up easier, and start-up time is when you use the most gasoline. No garage? Cover the engine compartment with an old blanket or rug to shield it from cold winds; remove before starting up.●Remove all ice and snow. Driving in snow consumes more gas anyway; no sense hauling around extra weight.65. All these above are ______ for drivers.A. noticesB. tipsC. lessonsD. advertisements66. Highway driving can use about ______ fuel than city driving.A. 20% moreB. 20% lessC. 50% moreD. 50% less67. Which of the following is TRUE?A. In winter, you will have difficulty starting up a car if it is kept in a garage.B. Drivers should avoid necessary breaking and constant lane changes.C. A steady 65 mph is the ideal speed to save gasoline.D. Radial tyres can help increase mileage in expressway driving.(B)Martin Luther King, Jr., is well known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among them his moving “I Have a Dream” speech. But f ew people know much about King’s childhood, Martin Luther as he was called was born in 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather. Martin Luther’s grandfather, the Reverend A.D. Williams, purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, 28 years before Martin Luther was born. The Reverend A.D. Williams, an eloquent speaker, played an important role in the community because so many people’s lives centered around the church. He allowed his church and his home to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. Martin Luther grew up in this atmosphere, with his home being used as community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.Martin Luther’s childhood was not especially memorable. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all-black schools in a black neighbourhood. The neighbourhood was not poor, however, Auburn Avenue was the main artery through a prosperous neighbourhood that he had come to symbolize achievement for Atlanta’s black people. It was area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers and other black-owned or black-operated businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation (种族隔离), district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice（歧视）that was a seemingly insurmountable barrier that kept black Atlantans from minglingwith whites.68. This passage mainly gives an account of ______.A. the prejudice that existed in AtlantaB. Martin Luther’s grandfatherC. Martin Luther King’s childhoodD. the neighbourhood where King grew up69. According to the author, King was influenced by ______.A. community spiritB. black lawyerC. his motherD. his grandfather’s speeches70. The word “mingling” in paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to ______.A. interferingB. consumingC. associatingD. meeting71. This passage tells us that Martin Luther King, Jr. ______.A. had a difficult childhoodB. was a good musician when he was a boyC. loved to listen to his grandfather speakD. grew up in a relatively rich area of Atlanta(C)A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three or four maps presents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasters are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts（冷暖空气团接触的锋）to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States Weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts, droughts, and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day “outlook” which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels which often set the stage for the development of air masses, fronts, and storms.Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electronic instruments and earth satellites, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological stations (气象站). Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification（改变）studies. But the limitations of modification have prevented meteorological results except in the seeding of super-cooled, upslope mountainous winds which have produced additional orographic (山岳形态的) precipitation on the windward side of mountain ranges.Nevertheless, they have provided a clearer understanding of the fundamentals of weather elements.72. By reading weather maps, students majoring in geography can .A. design a project of weather modificationB. interpret the weather condition before the time of observationC. obtain data on atmospheric conditions over a wide areaD. survey ever-changing fronts in local meteorological stations73. A thirty-day forecast is determined by examining .A. daily weather mapsB. upper air levelsC. satellite reportsD. changing fronts74. The observation of weather conditions by satellites is advantageous because ______.A. electronic instruments are usedB. it enables man to alter the weatherC. it makes weather prediction more time-consumingD. information not obtained readily otherwise can be gained75. At the present time, experiments are being conducted in .A. controlling and influencing weatherB. determining density of pressure groupsC. 30-day “outlooks”D. predicting stormsSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76.The first characteristic of an educated man is the precision of the use of the native language. When one hears English well spoken, with pure diction, correct pronunciation, and an almost unconscious choice of the right word, he recognizes it at once. How much easier he finds it to imitate English of the other sort.77.When manners are artificial and forced, no matter what their form, they are bad manners. When, however, they are the natural expression of fixed habits of thought and action, and when they reveal a refined and cultivated nature, they are good manners. There are certainthings that gentlemen do not do, and they do not do them simply because they are bad manners.78.Human beings for the most part live wholly on the surface or far beyond the present moment and that part of the future that is quickly to follow it. They do not read those works of prose and poetry which have become classic because they reveal power and habit of reflection and induce that power and habit in others. When one reflects long enough to ask the question how? He is on the way to knowing something about science.79.An educated man continues to grow and develop from birth to his dying day. His interests expand, his contacts multiply, his knowledge increases, and his reflection becomes deeper and wider. It would appear to be true that not many human beings, even those who have had a school and college education, continue to grow after they are twenty-four or twenty-five years of age. By that time it is usual to settle down to life on a level of more or less contented intellectual interest and activity. The whole present-day movement for adult education is a systematic and definite attempt to keep human beings growing long after they have left school and college, and therefore, to help educate them.80.The more visionary dreamer, however charming or however wise, lacks something that an education requires. The power to do may be exercised in any one of a thousand ways, but when it clearly shows itself, that is evidence that the period of discipline of study and of companionship with parents and teachers has not been in vain.SectionＤDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Exceptional children are different in some significant ways from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding — the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.“All men are created equal,” we heard it many times, but it still has important meaningfor education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to indicate equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children —the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capability, whether that capability is small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children — disabled or not — to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.）81. This passage is concerned primarily with the necessity of adapting ________________.82. What affects the growth of exceptional children according to the author?83. People have shown great interest in the education of exceptional children over the lastthree decades because they believe that ________________________________________.84. According to the passage, what does “All men are created equal” mean to the country’sfounders?第II卷（共 45 分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.85. 父亲听到这个消息很兴奋。
2010年考研英语二真题汇总+阅读中文翻译
The outbreak of swine flu that was first deteccted in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on june 11,2009. It is the first wotldwide cpidemic__1__by the World Health Organization in41years.The heightened alert __2__an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp pise in cases in Australia.and rising __3__inBritain ,japan,Chile and elsewhere.Bur the epiemic is “__4__”in severity. According to Margaret Chan. The organization’s director general,__5__the overwhelming majorty of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and full recovery. Often in the__6__of any medical treatment.The ourbreak came to gobal__7__in lafe April2009.when Mexican authorities noted an unusually latge number of hospitalizations and deaths__8__ healthy adults. As much ofMexico City Shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to__9__in New York City.the southwestem United States and atound the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade__10__warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2009,officials reported there was__11__flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the__12__tested are the new swine flu. Also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,It has__13__more than one million people,and caused mone than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials ___14___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began __15__ orders from the atates for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is__16__ ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009,though most of those __17__doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is not __18__ for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other__19__.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people __20__infants and healthy young people.1.[A]criticized[B]appointed[C]commented[D]designated2.[A]proceeded[B]activated[C]followed[D]prompted3.[A]digits [B]numbers [C]amounts [D]sums4.[A]Moderatre [B]normal [C]unusual [D]extreme5.[A]With [B]in [C]from [D]by6.[A]Progress [B]absence [C]presence [D]favor7.[A]Reality [B]phenomenon [C]cincept [D]notice8.[A]Over [B]for [C]among [D]to9.[A]stay up [B]crop up [C]fill up [D]cover up10.[A]as [B]if [C]unless [D]until11.[A]excessive [B]enormous [C]significant [D]magnificent12.[A]categories [B]examples [C]patterns [D]samples13.[A]imparted [B]immersed [C]injected [D]infected14.[A]released [B]relayed [C]relieved[D]remained15.[A]placing [B]delivering [C]taking [D]giving16.[A]feasible [B]available [C]reliable [D]applicable17.[A]prevalent [B]principal [C]innovative [D]initial18.[A]presented [B]restricted [C]recommended [D]introduced19.[A]problems [B]issues [C]agonies [D]sufferings20.[A]involved in [B]caring for [C]concerned with[D]warding offText1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, atSotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008 (see picture). All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm-double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector-for Chinese contemporary art-they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the second world war. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds-death, debt and divorce-still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory”because ____.A.the art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoryiesB.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line1-2,Para.3),the author suggests that_____ .A . collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008.B.The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C.The market generally went downward in various ways.D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A.auction houses ' favoritesB.contemporary trendsC.factors promoting artwork circulationD.styles representing impressionists25.The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A.Fluctuation of Art PricesB.Up-to-date Art AuctionsC.Art Market in DeclineD.Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room -- a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true" he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late '70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed -- but only a few of the men -- gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year -- a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me" "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26.What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D. Shsring housework.27.Judging from the context ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A generating motivation.B.exerting influenceC.causing damageDcreating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A.men tend to talk more in public tan womenB.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach much importance to communication between couplesDa female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29.Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ?A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists .B.Marriage break_up stems from sex inequalities.C.Husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focuson ______A.a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors - habits - among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,”Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to - Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever - had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’ lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day - chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins - are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’ lives, and it’s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies haveerupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31.According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deepiy rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32.Bottled water,chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C]indicate their effect on people’buying power[D]manifest the significant role of good habits33.which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A]Tide[B]Crest[C]Colgate[D]Unilver34.From the text wekonw that some of consumer’s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35.the author’sattitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is____[A]indifferent[B]negative[C]positive[D]biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. West Virginia,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personlly asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36.From the principles of theUS jury system,welearn that ______[A]both litcrate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37.The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadcquavy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures38.Even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39.After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40.in discussing the US jury system,the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and development新题型Copying Birds May Save Aircraft FuelBoth Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft. The 787 and 350 respectively . Their clever designs and lightweight composites certainly make a difference . But a group of researchers at Stanford University , led by Ilan Kroo , has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.The answer, says Dr Kroo , lies with birds . Since 1914, scientists have known that birds flying in formation-a V-shape-expend less energy. The air flowing over a bird’s wings curls upwards behind the wingtips . a phenomenon known as upwash. Other birds flying in the upwash experience reduced drag, and spend less energypropelling themselves . Peter Lissaman, an aeronautics expert who was formerly at Caltech and the University of Southern California ,has suggested that a formation of 25 birds might enjoy a range increase of 71%.When applied to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different . Dr Kroo and his team modeled what would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San Francisco and I as Vegas were to assemble over Utah, assume an inverted V-formation occasionally change places so all could have a turn in the most favourable positions , and proceed to London. They found that the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel (coupled with a reduction in carbon-dioxide output). Nitrogen-oxide emissions during the cruising portions of the flight fell by around a quarter.There are , of course , knots to be worked out . One consideration is safety , or at least the perception of it . Would passengers feel comfortable travelling in companion? Dr Kroo points out that the aircraft could be separated by several nautical miles , and would not be in the intimate groupings favoured by display teams like the Red Arrows , A passenger peering out of the window might not even see the other planes. Whether the separation distances involved would satisfyair-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at the International Civil Aviation Organisation has included the possibility of formation flying in a blueprint for new operational guidelines.It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flight more efficient. In zones of increased turbulence, the planes’ wakes will decay more quickly and the effect will diminish. Dr Kroo says this is one of the areas his team will investigate further. It might also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight. Cargo aircraft, in contrast, might be easier to reschedule, as might routine military flight.As it happens, America’s armed forces are on the on case already. Earlier this year the country’s Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to investigate formation flight, though the programme has yet to begin . There are reports that some military aircraft flew in formation when they were low on fuel during the Second World War ,but Dr Lissaman says they are unsubstantiated. “My father was an RAF pilot and my cousin the skipper of a Lancaster lost over Berlin,”he adds. So he should know.判正误：41. Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of new Boeing and Airbus aircraft.42. The upwash experience may save propelling energy as well as reducing resistance.43. Formation flight is more comfortable because passengers can not see the other plans.44. The role that weather plays in formation flight has not yet been clearly defined.45. It has been documented that during World War Ⅱ, America’s armed forces once tried formation flight to save fuel.翻译：“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He’d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.It didin’t go well. “It was a really had move because that’s not my passion,”says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll trun the corner, give it some time.’”Text1一个世纪的艺术市场历史上持续时间最长的牛市结束了上一个戏剧性的出售56达明•赫斯特的作品《我脑海中的永恒美丽》,2008年9月15日在伦敦苏富比(见图)。
2010年英语二(完整版)
【参考范文】 Dear Judy,
I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your warm reception when I participated in the exchange program in your country.
受的痛苦生活后，他清楚地认识到，旨在提高承受力的价值观只有通过每日的行为和抉择才能得到体现。 Ning 回忆起九十年代后期销售保险那困惑的一年。在经历了网络泡沫的膨胀和破灭后，他急需找到一份工作，
因此就与 Boulder 公司签了约。 但情况并不顺利。Ning”不出所料，工作上的进退维
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Your generous help made it possible for me to have a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American culture better. Besides, I think it is a great honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go. I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.
2010年上海高考英语二模翻译参考答案
长宁区1. Celebrating the Spring Festival is a traditional custom in China.2. A good education benefits you for all your life.3. Many scientists still doubt about the value of the research program Prof. Li is carrying out.4. Although the girl was scolded in public, she went on working with a smile on her face.5. Young people are certain to fail if they don’t know what their goals are and strive for them.卢湾区1. The concept of friendly environment is getting more and more familiar to us.2. Having a bath after working hard for a whole day, you can recover from tiredness.3. Every time he is asked to do housework, he always pretends to be reading.4. It is sensible to learn more skills when young in case of unexpected needs.5. To be honest, despite continuous rain, all the students who attended the art festival were deeply impressed by the considerate arrangement and wonderful performance.浦东新区1. A new plan should be made for the further development of the company.2. Obey the traffic rules, and you can avoid traffic accidents.3. She often goes travelling abroad, as she enjoys learning and experiencing different cultures and customs.4. However serious the natural disaster is, we will try our best to help people in disaster-stricken areas overcome the difficulties.5. Considering the fact that smoking is harmful to both health and environment, the Shanghai government issued the ban on smoking in public, which came into effect on March 1st, 2010.闵行区1. He is too young to do the job successfully.2. As is known to all, English is a widely used international language.3. Every time disasters happen, warm-hearted people will lend helpful hands to the victims.4. Lots of doctors and nurses provided free medical services to the elderly people in every community in Shanghai on March 5th.5. Despite the great effort made by governments, more effective measures should be made to deal with the ever worsening problem of global warming.静安（杨浦、青浦、宝山）区1. Father was very excited to hear the news.2. There is no rainbow without wind and rain.3. As is known to all that his success is completely due to his hard work.4. When you doubt yourself, don’t forget that it is the most important to build up self-confidence.5. In order to finish the task in time, the volunteers are trying their best to simplify the complicated matters.普陀区1. Avoiding making the same mistake means making some progress.2. A decision was made to take further measures to make the Su Zhou Creek cleaner.3. He can’t always be with his parents, for his job involves frequent business trips.4. To increase farmers’ income is one of the main problems we are facing now.5. Sooner or later, we’ll have to face the fact that one day we will leave our parents and live independently.徐汇（金山）区1. Smoking is not allowed in school.2. I suggest your getting up earlier on Mondays, because there are always traffic jams.3. International issues should be settled in a peaceful way rather than in a violent one.4. Thanks to his parents’ understanding and support, he finally realized his dream of becoming an astronaut.5. Students should be encouraged to take part in more outdoor activities, because lack of physical exercise may have a negative influence on their growth.虹口区1. Rooms in many hotels in Shanghai must be reserved in advance during the Expo.2. Because of frequent disasters, the travel agency must assure the tourists of the safety of travelling.3. I would appreciate it very much if you could reply to me the moment you receive the message.4. Financial crisis and lack of working experience are the main reasons why many graduates fail to find ideal jobs.5. Although the efforts made are beyond measure, those remote mountainous cities have been accessible to cars, which makes all the Chinese people feel very proud.松江区1. The beauty of the scenery is beyond description.2. Daily sports play an important role in keeping healthy.3. Astronauts attempted to plant tomatoes in space.4. The scientist believed that it would be years before the theory was put into practice.5. It is because he takes every opportunity to communicate in English that his English has been improved greatly.闸北区1. Her brave act is worth praising.2. Jack assured the teacher that he would never use the school computer without permission again.3. The service there is perfect and umbrellas are borrowed free of charge.4. Now those who often drive will find it more and more difficult to find a place to park their cars.5. They had consulted many students before they decided to name the newly-built library after the late president.黄浦（嘉定）区1. Please don’t speak loudly in public.2. I can make a lot of friends by taking part in team games like basketball and football.3. I will keep my mobile phone off when I am having classes, but you can send me short messages.4. Unusual weather indicates that our living environment is getting worse, which is the warning to us from nature.5. The purpose of our meeting today is to discuss how to solve the problem, not who caused it, so please don’t waste time arguing about who is to blame.奉贤区1. Chinese culture is different from Western culture.2. It seemed a long time before he realized that he should make full use of this opportunity.3. This building has special entrance, allowing disabled people to come in and out freely.4. As we know, it is very important to master knowledge, but what matters more is to learn how to learn.5. The 2010 Expo, which is to be held in Shanghai, is the focus of the whole world, and as a Shanghai citizen, I will do my best to make it successful.。
2010北京各区二模英语作文答案(城八区)
2010 北京各区二模英语作文答案（城八区）朝阳情景Dear Peter,How have you been recently? I'm writing to tell you something about our inquiring learning on the rare animal—golden monkeys．The students of our class were divided into two groups．One group went to the local zoo to observe the features of golden monkeys．After that,, the group went to the library to collect some information about the monkeys' behavior．In the meantime, the task for the other group was to surf the internet for the exact number of the living golden monkeys．Besides, an expert was invited to introduce what we could do to protect this kind of monkeys．At last, we gathered she information we got and produced a report．I think we benefited a lot from the inquiring learning．Not only did we know how to cooperate with others but also we find a new way of learning．What do you think of our inquiring learning? Looking forward to your reply．朝阳开放As can be seen in the picture, a man is given a lot of praise and claps．Obviously he is very satisfied with himself, thinking he is perfect．I think the picture conveys a message vividly．Even if one receives a lot of praise, he must be clear-headed, or he'll be lost in it．The man in the picture doesn't realize that he still has much to improve, which probably prevents him making more progress．As the saying goes, pride goes before the fall．So I think one shouldn't be too proud in face of success．崇文情景The students in our class took part in an activity of "Experience a Low-carbon Day" during the Labor Day vacation．In the morning, we went to parks by bus instead of going by car．At noon, when we dined out in a restaurant, we refused to use the disposable chopsticks served there．Instead, we each took with us a lunch box in which there was a pair of chopsticks and a spoon．In the afternoon, we went shopping at a supermarket．To avoid the damage the free plastic bags caused to the environment, we put what we had bought into cloth bags．It was hot at night．We didn't turn on the air conditioners．We used electrical fans to cool ourselves down．Although the activity lasted only one day, we have learned a lot from it．We realize that we should take actions for our earth from the small things around us．In this way, we are sure to live in a better world．崇文开放In the picture we can see a boy climbing a platform．He is taking great trouble to reach, die top of the stairs, ignoring the comparatively lower stairs beside him．The picture reminds me of those who dream of achieving great success every day．They are so eager to succeed that they hope to get to their destinations as quickly as possible．They don't realize there are longer but safer ways for them to make it．As a result, they may seem rather close to their goals, but the fact is on the contrary．In my opinion, we should focus on the process of fighting fop success．As long as every step is proper, sooner or later we will gain what we long for．东城情景Dear Tim,I’ve received your email, asking me about my plan for the summer vacation. Now let me tell you something exciting.I’ve applied to be a volunteer for the World Expo 2010 Shanghai and I’ll start working as soon as I have finished the entrance examination.The exposition is a grand intermational gathering, which is expected to attract 70 million visitors from both home and abroad. And what makes it unique is that it is being held in a developing country for the first time. Can you imagine how proud I feed to be able to do my bit for this special occasion?Speaking of the volunteer work, I’ll mainly help out in Beijing Pavilion, where I will show the visitors around and introduce the magnificent buildings to them, such as the Forbidden City, the Bird’s Nest and so on. It’ll be a good chance to help the visitors to get to know about the culture of Beijing. Apart form my work as a volunteer, I will certainly pay a visit to different pavilions., I won’t miss seeing the great inventions and achievements on display and I can experience different cultures as well as exchange ideas with people around the world. Sounds fantastic, doesn’t it?I hope you can come and see it for yourself.Fondly Yours,Li Hua东城开放In the picture there is an old man sitting alone on the bench in a park. He is looking at a young mother holding the bike for little daughter while she is riding it. By the side of the old man lies a sleeping little pet dog.This is a picture of great contrast. By the look on the man’s face, we can tell the old man feels bit lonely. However, the little girl, enjoying her mother’s company, is playing happily. Nowadays, all families have only one child. So parents do whatever they can to take good care of their children. There’s nothing wrong with that. But meanwhile, as far as I’m concerned, not only the young but also the old in society deserve good care and enough attention. The needs of the old shouldn’t be ignored.In conclusion, we shouldn’t lose the good tradition of caring for the old.丰台情景Last December 5th our class organized an activity to celebrate the Internatlonal V olunteer Day. We decided to spend the afternoon doing something for our school instead of having classes.At the beginning of the first class in the morning, we gathered in our classroom and our monitor told us what we would do. As soon as we were divided into four groups we began to work separately. I was in Group 1. My classmates and I were responsible for the security of the school. We patrolled the campus with the guard to make sure everyone was safe at school. The students of Group 2 went to the garden to take care of the plants. Some were watering the flowers and treeswhile the others were trimming the bush. The third group helped the cook prepare for the dishes. They washed the vegetables and cut them into small pleces. Group 4 worked in the lab where they cleaned the test tubes and put them in good order. Having got the work done we all felt a sense of achievement. At the end of the last afternoon class we got together again in our classroom and elected the top ten volunteers for the day.What a valuable experience I had in the high school! I’ll remember it fore ver.(184)丰台开放In the picture we can see two men-a young man and an old man. The young man looks excited with the three big fish in his hand while the old man looks upset and angry carrying only a small fish with him. And the young man is running after the old man trying to explain something to him.I think the picture conveys a message that everyone has his or her advantages. The old man is rich in life experience, but it doesn’t mean he can do everything best. The young one is lack of life experience, but full of energy and new ideas. He can do something better than the old. In my opinion, we should learn from each other no matter whether he (she) is old or young. (131)海淀情景March 22, 2010 Monday Sunny Today is World Water Day. In the morning, we had a class meeting talking about what to do on this special day. Finally, we reached an agreement and immediately began to make preparations for the afternoon’s activities.At 2:00 pm, we went to the neighboring community to hand out leaflets, calling on people to save water. Around 3 o’clock, the expert we invited made an excellent speech on the current water crisis in China. He talked about the draught in the Southeast and the severe shortage of water in our city. The speech had a strong appeal to all the people present, including me.After the speech, we had a discussion with our neighbors about various ways of saving water in our daily life. I suggested turning off the tap water immediately after use, and a granny came up with the ideas of reusing the water from kitchen, for example, the water after washing fruits and vegetables can be used to water flowers and so on.Today, I have had a better understanding of the importance of saving water and really learned a lot about saving water.海淀开放In the picture, a huge elephant is walking leisurely forward and above it is a small bird flying gaily ahead. There is a second bird following them. But to my surprise, instead of accompanying the bird in flight, it tries hard to follow in the tracks of the elephant.What the picture conveys to us is that with a powerful influence of a big shot like the elephant, some people go their own way like the bird in flight, while others blindly y struggle to copy the big shot and get nowhere, like the bird making every effort to follow in the elephant’s footsteps. Therefore, in the course of pursuing our dreams, we should be aware and make the best of our own strengths rather than stumble behind others embarrassedly ignoring our own strong points.西城情景Dear Tom,Last Friday, I took part in the Coming-of-Age Ceremony in our school, which was quite a meaningful occasion in my life.Formally dressed, we gathered at the school auditorium at 2 pm, waiting for the great moment to come. On the stage sat our beloved teachers and some parents. At the beginning, our president and a parent delivered to us their congratulations and best wishes. We could feel both their love and expectations. Then two students, representing us, expressed our gratitude and determination to take on responsibilities. The most moving moment came when we were given the letters from parents. Tears rolled down my face as I read, recalling each memorable moment in my life and feeling the ever-lasting love from my parents. At the end of the ceremony, all of us promised to try our best, not only for ourselves as adults, but also for our families and our society.The Coming-of-Age ceremony, for me, is more than a ceremony; it is instructive lesson. That’s what we did on this special occasion. Do you have similar events in the USA? Please let me know if you do.Yours,Li hua西城开放As we can see in the picture, two workers are working very hard building the railroad. When their boss comes, he is shocked to find that their tracks have failed to meet the set of tracks coming from the opposite direction.Keep your goals n mind and constantly compare what you are doing with your goals. That’s what I’d like to say to the men. It is easy to get lost in the details of o ur lives, forgetting about the way we are heading, just like the two workers buried in their present task. If they keep on working like this, they will never achieve their goals.Make sure you are on the right track towards your goals, and you will see growth each time you make an effort.宣武情景From the news we know that there is a severe drought in southwest China now. Most places are getting less rain than usual and people do not have enough water to drink. In order to help the affected kids to get enough clean water，an activity will be held at 12：30 on May 6 outside the gate of the dining hall by the Student Union. The students are expected to buy some drinking water using their pocket money．Besides we hope that all of us can realize the importance of water and take actions to save water in our daily life.宣武开放In the picture we can see a man fishing in a well. According to his book knowledge, fish are always living in the water，so he chooses a well to fish in.Fish do live in the water，but do they live in the well? I think the picture wants to tell us when we learn something，we should have a thorough study of it．Otherwise we'll make some silly mistakes．Just like the man in the picture，however he tries，he'll never get fish in the well.So when we learn something we should try to have a thorough understanding of it.石景山考的是西城。
2010二模翻译讲解
3、他不能总陪伴在他的父母身旁，因为他的 工作要求他经常出差。(involve)
doing sth. involve doing sth. sb. be involved in sth. frequent business trips He can’t always be with his parents, for / because his job involves frequent business trips. accompany his parents involve taking business trips frequently
4、增加农民收入是我们现在面临的主要问题 之一。(face)
sb. face sth. sth. face sb. sb. be faced with sth. sb. face up to sth. increase farmers’ income To increase farmers’ income is one of the main issues /problems we are faced with now.
5、为了按时完成任务，志愿者们正竭尽全力 把复杂的问题简单化。(simplify)
simplify sth. simplified works in time / on time In order to fulfil(l) the task in time, the volunteers are making great efforts to simplify the complicated problems.
2、有关部门作出决定，将采取措施进一步使 苏州河边的更清澈。(take)
有关部门 不用翻，用被动语态即可 take measures A decision was made to take further measures to make the Suzhou Creek cleaner.
2010年下半年二级笔译英译汉试题
CATTI 2010年下半年二级笔译英译汉试题文章红字是试题原文Passage OneScottish City Prepares for Life Beyond OilBy REUTERSPublished: October 21, 2009ABERDEEN, SCOTLAND —Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floating trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to find charters, in a sign of the downturn in the British oil industry.With British North Sea production of oil and natural gas 44 percent below its peak, Aberdeen, the self-styled oil capital of Europe, fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.An oil industry that at one s tage inspired talk of Scotland as “the Kuwait of the West” has already outlived most predictions, having enjoyed a hydrocarbon heyday of almost five decades. As it prepares for the end of oil, Aberdeen is remaking itself, putting its hopes in renewable energy and tourism.“I’m steering my kids away from anything to do with oil,” said John Irvine, a truck driver who used to work on the rigs. “It’s not going to last forever.”The oil industry has been good to Aberdeen. BMWs and Mercedes-Benzes are plentiful in the traffic jams that clog the roads at rush hour, and Jaguar, Aston Martin and Porsche sports cars with personalized license plates are evident in the city, which has about 200,000 inhabitants. The North Sea industry, with current output of 2.5 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, pays more to the British government’s coffers than any other industry, is one of the highest spenders on goods and services and is an important employer.About 40 percent of the Aberdeen area’s economy —worth £10.5 billion, or $17.2 billion —relies on the oil industry, according to the Aberdeen and Grampian Chamber of Commerce.Oil has pushed unemployment down in the Granite City, as Aberdeen is known for the hard rock from which most of its buildings are constructed, to less than half the British average, which is 7.9 percent.But with Brent crude at about $80 a barrel, little more than half of its peak last year, the harbor is quieter now, the port authority says.Dockworkers say some ship owners are so pessimistic about getting charters soon that they will not even pay to dock at the harbor. A dozen vessels are moored a few kilometers off Aberdeen’s sandy coast. Normally, one might see one or two, oil workers said.As big oil companies like BP and Royal Dutch Shell have cut spending, Aberdeen has seen hundreds of layoffs, and for the first time in years, engineering graduates from local universities have struggled to find jobs.The employment situation has resulted in vacant shops on Union Street, the main thoroughfare, while bars, restaurants and taxi drivers say business is slacker than a year ago.Tourism, life sciences and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen’s preferred substitutes for North Sea oil and natural gas.But for many, the biggest prize would be to use its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.The city wants to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbon dioxide capture and storage.It hopes those industries will receive a lift from global climate change talks in Copenhagen in December.“We have to harness that expertise and turn Aberdeen into the energy capital of Europe and not just the oil capital of Europe,” said Mike Rumbles, a member of the Scottish Parlia ment from West Aberdeenshire.It is a broad marketing shift for the city.Alex Salmond, head of the Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen last month that the market for wind power could be worth £130 billion, while Scotland could be the “Saudi Arabia of tidal power.”“We’re seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to the market we’ve seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years,” he said.Tidal power remains at the testing stage, and the economic viability of new offshore wind projects has been questioned even by current investors like the German-owned utility E.ON.A carbon capture and storage industry could also be developed, filling depleted North Sea oil fields with carbon dioxide.People in the oil industry doubt that any Copenhagen treaty would provide sufficient incentives to make this activity profitable.Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil.“The hoteliers got lazy,” said a taxi driver, Jim Moir. “Th ey were full Monday to Friday with oil workers, so they never bothered attracting tourists.”Eager to put Aberdeen on the international tourist map, businesses have strongly backed a plan by the U.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golf project 12 kilometers, or 8 miles, north of the city, even though it means building on a nature reserve.Mr. Trump is locked in a dispute with landowners who refuse to sell to him. He hopes the local authorities will, if necessary, invoke compulsory purchase powers to facilitate the development. The city also wants to reorient its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oil centers like Brazil.“Just because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn’t mean that Aberdeen as a global center also declines,” said Robert Collier, the chamber of commerce’s chief executive. “That expertise can still stay here and be exported around the world.”Local companies plying their wares to international buyers at the Offshore Europe exhibition and conference last month said the shift in emphasis was under way.“Ninety percent of our production is exported,” said Ian McCormick, international managing director for Equalizer, standing beside a yellow mock-up pipeline to which were attached samples of his company’s stainless steel clamps.When the oil finally does run out, the decommissioning of hundreds of offshore platforms and thousands of pipelines will be an opportunity in itself.The infrastructure will need to be disassembled and returned to shore for disposal, creating a market worth at least £23 billion, estimates Oil and Gas UK, an industry lobbying group.“It could be the beginning of a whole new industry,” said Lewis MacDonald, a member of the Scottish Parliament representing Aberdeen Central.Passage Two‘The real quest is not for knowledge, but for understanding…’GORDON JOHNSONWe mark the passing of 800 years, and that is indeed a remarkable span for any institution. But history is never an even-flowing stream, and the most remarkable thing about modern Cambridge has been its enormous growth over the past halfcentury. Since I came up as an undergraduate in 1961 the student population has more than doubled(from just under 9,000 to just over 18,000), graduate students now constitute about a third of the whole; just as notable, around half of all students are now women. More students have meant more teachers, and, even more significantly, more scholars devoted solely to research: every category has more than doubled in numbers. This huge increase has been partly absorbed by an expansion of the colleges: they all have more students and more Fellows than they did 50 years ago; and, since 1954, no fewer than 11 of the 31 colleges are either brand new foundations, such as New Hall, Churchill, Darwin, Wolfson, Clare Hall, Lucy Cavendish and Robinson, or have been conjured up as new creations from existing but quite different bodies, like Homerton, Hughes Hall, Fitzwilliam and St Edmund’s.From being a university primarily driven by undergrad uate education, Cambridge’s reputation is now overwhelmingly tied to its research achievements, which can be simply represented by the fact that more than three-quarters of its current annual income is devoted to research. This has brought not just new laboratories but new buildings to house whole faculties and departments: in the mid-20th century few faculties(and those mainly in the sciences) had a physical manifestation beyond, perhaps, a library and a couple of administrative offices. As lateas the 1960s, the History Faculty existed as the Seeley Library (then in the Cockerell Building beside the Senate House, now the Caius College Library) and a tiny bolt-hole in Green Street presided over by the formidable Miss Box. Now it has a remarkable (if controversial) building on the Sidgwick Site, surrounded by buildings for Law, Music, Divinity, English, Philosophy, Criminology, Classics, Modern and Medieval Languages, and Asian and Middle Eastern Studies.Physically, the University has burst out of the old town centre: the University Library, Selwyn and Newnham no longer form outposts on the western frontier, since beyond and between them lie new colleges and scientific departments relocated to West Cambridge from old placesin the city centre; Peterhouse, Engineering and Chemistry no longer stand sentinel to the south, since distant on the road to Colchester lies Addenbrooke’s Hospital (itself moved from Trumpington Street) with the Clinical School and a vast array of bio-scientific research laboratories and institutes.Growth on this scale, in so few decades, is unprecedented in the long history of the University. It has not been without its discomforts; we should not underestimate the ferocity of battles fought to get to where we are. It is simply not true, though it is often alleged, thatUniversity politics are vicious because little is at stake. It is a highly controversial thing to decide what (and who) to teach, and which frontier of knowledge to advance upon next and where to make the investments that might support these decisions; it is hard also to defineour role in the affairs of the state and its many agencies, or our relationto business and industry, to alumni and other well-meaning friends; and it is difficult to determine just where to strike the bargains that bring in the resources needed for the University’s work. It is because the University is so relevant and important to our society’s well-being that it is the focus of so much attention, and a place of real struggle for power and influence.However, Cambridge has prospered and stands amongst the foremost universities of the world. Despite the change of scale, Cambridge has retained the quality of a great university: a placewhere enquiry is encouraged and tested and where critical thought is the order of the day. The University brings together a wide range of disciplines and, loosely, pursues them all. There has been no plan to catch them up in some great common, coherent and directed search project that would solve the problems of the age, though some of what is learnt here is directly relevant to work beyond the University, and some of what is discovered has immediate practical application. For all of its size, Cambridge is still a collection of colleges and departments, separate and overlapping disciplines. The parish government is often criticized for being a bit anarchic, and this at times frustrates some within and annoys authorities without. But it remains fundamentally a place of individual scholarly creativity and clear educational purpose.Cambridge attracts the best students and academics because they find the University and the colleges stimulating and enjoyable places in which to live and work. The students are thrown in with similarly able minds, learning as much from each other as from their teachers; the good senior academics know better than to be too hierarchical or to cut themselves off from intellectual criticism and debate.We so easily believe that what we spend our waking hours thinking about must somehow be an advance on what is known or understood already.Earlier generations have thought the same. They were sure that they were right as well. In the sciences there is often agreed progress, but even here there will be conflicting ideas and uncertainties. One generation dismisses another: not even Erasmus or Newton, Darwin or Keynes stand unscathed by the passage of time; nor can we be but humbled, especially in our day when so much information is so easily accessible, by the vast store of knowledge which we can approach but never really control. Our library and museum collections bring us into contact with many lives lived in the past. They serve as symbols of the continuity of learning, or the diversity of views, of an obligation to wrestle with fact and argument, to come to our own conclusions, and in turn to be accountable for our findings. The real quest is not for knowledge, but for understanding.It is remarkable that Cambridge should have had a University for so long. We take it for granted. We assume that Cambridge has always been an important centre of learning, and that what has been will be forever.But history tells us otherwise. The University and the colleges have a chequered past. More often than not, however, teachers and students here have been conscientious and followed their vocation. They have sought out and promoted knowledge, and been the guardians of much that is good in our culture. They have remained close to the interests and needs of our society at large, asking hard questions, challenging established ways of thinking, and incorporating new understanding in what is taught and learned. We celebrate a great history; but we can look forward to a future only by knowing what it is that makes the genius of the place.Gordon Johnson is President of Wolfson College and Provost of the Gates Cambridge Trust.。
2010年5月CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案
2010年5月CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案2010年5月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉－必译题In the European Union, carrots must be firm but not woody, cucumbers must not be too curved and celery has to be free of any type of cavity. This was the law, one that banned overly curved, extra-knobbly or oddly shaped produce from supermarket shelves.But in a victory for opponents of European regulation, 100 pages of legislation determining the size, shape and texture of fruit and vegetables have been torn up. On Wednesday, EU officials agreed to axe rules laying down standards for 26 products, from peas to plums.In doing so, the authorities hope they have killed off regulations routinely used by critics - most notably in the British media - to ridicule the meddling tendencies of the EU.After years of news stories about the permitted angle or curvature of fruit and vegetables, the decision Wednesday also coincided with the rising price of commodities. With the cost of the weekly supermarket visit on the rise, it has become increasingly hard to defend the act of throwing away food just because it looks strange.Beginning in July next year, when the changes go into force, standards on the 26 products will disappear altogether. Shoppers will the be able to chose their produce whatever its appearance.Under a compromise reached with national governments, many of which opposed the changes, standards will remain for 10 types of fruit and vegetables, including apples, citrus fruit, peaches, pears, strawberries and tomatoes.But those in this category that do not meet European norms will still be allowed onto the market, providing they are marked as being substandard or intended for cooking or processing."This marks a new dawn for the curvy cucumber and the knobbly carrot," said Mariann Fischer Boel, European commissioner for agriculture, who argued that regulations were better left to market operators."In these days of high food prices and general economic difficulties," Fischer Boel added, "consumers should be able to choose from the widest range of products possible. It makes no sense to throw perfectly good products away, just because they are the 'wrong' shape."That sentiment was not shared by 16 of the EU's 27 nations - including Greece, France, the Czech Republic, Spain, Italy and Poland - which tried to block the changes at a meeting of the Agricultural Management Committee.Several worried that the abolition of standards would lead to the creation of national ones, said one official speaking on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the discussions.Copa-Cogeca, which represents European agricultural trade unions and cooperatives, also criticized the changes. "We fear that the absence of EU standards will lead member states to establish national standards and that private standards will proliferate," said its secretary general, Pekka Pesonen.But the decision to scale back on standards will be welcomed by euro-skeptics who have long pilloried the EU executive's interest in intrusive regulation.One such controversy revolved around the correct degree of bend in bananas - a type of fruit not covered by the Wednesdayruling.In fact, there is no practical regulation on the issue. Commission Regulation (EC) 2257/94 says that bananas must be "free from malformation or abnormal curvature," though Class 1 bananas can have "slight defects of shape" and Class 2 bananas can have full "defects of shape."By contrast, the curvature of cucumbers has been a preoccupation of European officials. Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1677/88 states that Class I and "Extra class" cucumbers are allowed a bend of 10 millimeters per 10 centimeters of length. Class II cucumbers can bend twice as much.It also says cucumbers must be fresh in appearance, firm, clean and practically free of any visible foreign matter or pests, free of bitter taste and of any foreign smell.Such restrictions will disappear next year, and about 100 pages of rules and regulations will go as well, a move welcomed by Neil Parish, chairman of the European Parliament's agriculture committee."Food is food, no matter what it looks like," Parish said. "To stop stores selling perfectly decent food during a food crisis is morally unjustifiable. Credit should be given to the EU agriculture commissioner for pushing through these proposals. Consumers care about the taste and quality of food, not how it looks."参考译文在欧盟，市场出售的胡萝卜必须脆而不糠，黄瓜也不能太弯，芹菜一点空心都不能有。
2010级二级篇章阅读及英译汉答案
2010级二级篇章阅读答案和解析及英译汉答案命题规律一：篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处常考（篇章阅读练习一）1. C 见第一段最后一句“大多数人会同意茅草屋顶的英国乡村所具魅力的最重要的一部分”。
2. D 见第三段第一句“盖茅草屋顶是一项独特的工艺，常常是家庭世代相传的”。
3. A 见第三段最后一句“许多房主选择茅草屋顶不仅是为了美观，而且还因为他们知道茅草能使他们冬暖夏凉。
”和选项A的“风格与舒适”相呼应。
4 .B 见最后一段的二、三句。
尤其是however之后的转折“然而，他们可能没有钱进口必需的材料”。
可推断出是由于茅草这种原材料很便宜。
5. A 第二段第一句讲到“盖茅草屋顶是英伦诸岛建筑工艺中最古老的一种”，第三段第二句“茅草屋顶工艺从中世纪以来几乎就没有什么变化”，综合而得出。
6. D 题目是根据第一段最后一句出的，但实际上还是通过例子考察对段落主旨的理解，即第一句“广告对购买动机的诱惑力既有正面效果，又有反面效果”。
7. D 第二段最后一句“卡路里量少是因为面包切得很薄，但每条面包的卡路里总量是一样的”。
8. A 第三段，用火险作为例子说明“广告可以对消费者真正关心的事动之以情”（第三段第一句），消费者“会从广告中获益”（第三段最后一句）。
9. A 最后一段的一、二句“每位消费者必须权衡自己的情况。
产品的好处是否重要到足以证明值得购买？”10. C 第一段第一句“广告对购买动机的诱惑力既有正面效果，又有反面效果”。
英译汉答案：1. The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched（草盖的）roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings——these are still common sights in parts of England. 山谷中一个小巧玲珑的村庄里，茅草小屋围绕着一座教堂；驾车穿过村庄里狭窄的街道时，两旁是刷成了白色或粉色的茅草小屋；起伏的山丘上，一排排美丽的茅草屋顶农场建筑——这些仍是英格兰一些地区的常见景观。
2010-2020英二翻译参考译文
2010年英语二翻译真题参考译文最近，“承受力”成了一个流行词汇，但对泰德·宁来说，他对这个词的涵义有自己的切身体会。
在经历了一段难以承受的痛苦生活后，他清楚地认识到，以承受力为导向的价值观必须透过日常行动和抉择才能得以体现。
宁回忆起20世纪90年代后期他卖保险时那困窘的一年。
在经历了互联网泡沫的繁荣与破灭后，他急需找到一份工作，因此与一家博尔德代理公司签了约。
但情况并不顺利。
“那真是糟糕的一步，因为它根本激不起我的工作热情，“宁说。
不出所料，工作上的进退维谷造成他销售业绩不佳。
“我很痛苦，异常焦虑，以至于经常半夜醒来盯着天花板发呆。
我没有钱，需要这份工作。
大家都说，｀等等看，情况会有好转的，给它点时间。
”2011年英语二翻译真题参考译文谁会想到信息技术行业产生的温室气体总量会与航空业不相上下，约占全球二氧化碳排放量的2%?信息技木行业的许多日常工作对环境造成了意想不到的危害。
每用谷歌搜索一次就会释放出0.2克至7.0克的二氧化碳，释放量的多少取决于使用者需要搜索多少次才能得到“正确”答案。
为了把搜索结果迅速传输给用户，谷歌不得不在全世界范围内建立大型数据中心，并配备大功率计算机。
除了排放大量二氧化碳，这些计算机还释放许多热量，因此数据中心还需要良好的空调环境，而这又会消耗更多的能量。
不过，谷歌和其他大型技术供应商已在密切监控其数据中心的工作效率并做出改进。
监控只是减排的第一步，需要做的还有很多，而且这不单单是大公司的事情。
2012年英语二翻译真题参考译文发展中国家的人考虑移民时，通常关心的是到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学里工作这样最美好最光明的前景。
这些人正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国家想要通过对大学毕业生提供优惠的移民条例来吸引的人才。
许多研究表明，发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其可能移民。
2004年对印度家庭的一项大规模调查表明，将近40:《移居国外的人受过高中以上教育，而与之形成对比的是：全印度25岁以上受过高中以上教育的人约为3.3%。
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70. 妈妈正在厨房里忙着做饭呢！
Mom _______________________________ in the kitchen.
71. 我非常高兴地铁15号线顺义段正在建设中。
_________________________ the Subway Line 15 in shunyi __________________________.
72. 你愿意把自己的座位让给这位老人吗？谢谢！
__________________________________________________ to this old man? Thank you! 73. 送到青海玉树的不仅有衣服还有帐篷。
_____________________________________have been given to the people in Yushu, Qinghai.
74. 他花很多时间玩电脑游戏，视力都下降了，不得不戴上了眼镜。
He _____________________________________________________________ his eyesight became poor and he had to wear a pair of glasses.
平谷二模
70. 你看起来很忧虑, 怎么了?
You look worried. __________________ you?
71. 她气得说不出话来。
She was _________________ say a word.
72. 工人们只用了一年时间在汶就建成了许多新学校
It ________________ many new schools in Wenchuan.
73. 你身体不好，你最好每天坚持锻炼。
You are in bad health. You ___________________ every day.
74. 我认为家长们不应该阻止孩子参加课外活动。
I _____________________taking part in after-class activities.
房山二模
70. 快点，该上课了。
Hurry up , _____________________ class.
71. 他家离学校很远，干嘛不给他买辆自行车？
His home is far from his school, _______________________________ him a bike?
72. 我昨天用了三个小时才完成作业
_______________________________________________ finish my homework yesterday.
73. 每天花费点时间锻炼身体对我们是有好处的。
__________________________________________ taking exercise everyday.
74. 李雷是我的同学，他不但学习好，而且乐于助人。
Li Lei is my classmate. He __________________________________________________, ____________________________________ others.
大兴二模
70. 你最好给我留下你的电子邮箱。
You _______ leave me your e-mail address.
71. 有时候，宠物可以帮人做点家务。
Sometimes a pet can ________ some housework.
72. 为了过低碳生活，我将继续骑车上下班。
In order to live a low-carbon life, I will ______ bikes to and from work.
73. 我不仅会说英语，而且会说法语。
I can English French．
74. 我认为没必要每天都花那么多时间写博客。
I _______ necessary ________so much time writing blogs every day.
70. 考试前听点轻音乐对你有好处。
_______________________________________ you to listen to light music before the exam.
71. 劳驾，请递给我词典好吗？Excuse me, ______________________ pass me the dictionary?
72. 上海世博会和北京奥运会一样受欢迎
Shanghai EXPO 2010 is __________________________ Beijing Olympic Games 2008.
73. 他知识越渊博，就对学习越感兴趣。
__________________________，________________________ in learning.
74. 我觉得现在不是完全依赖电脑的时候，因此还是有必要把字写好。
_______________________________________ to be good at handwriting.
延庆二模
70.十点钟了，该休息一下了。
It’s 10 o’clock. _________________ have a rest.
71.你最好仔细想一下。
_____________________ a little hard thinking.
72.新闻网站不如电视新闻节目那样有趣。
The news websites are _________________________ the TV news programs.
73.昨天晚上12点我爸爸才回来。
My father _______________________ twelve last night.
74.在玉树的护士们已连续工作了16个小时，让她们停下来休息一下很重要。
The nurses in Yushu have kept working for 16 hours, so ______________________ have a rest. 怀柔二模
70. 我很高兴你通过了考试。
_______________ you pass the exam.
71. 他的妈妈每天打扫房间要花费一个小时。
It ______his mother _______ to clean the room every day.
72. 我们的家乡正在变得越来越美丽。
Our hometown is getting ___________________.
73. 杰克害怕晚上独自呆在家里。
Jack_______________ at home alone at night.
74. 我认为妈妈不会阻止我放学后帮助他学习数学的。
__________ my mother will____________________ after school.
丰台二模
70. 超市很近，你为什么不走着去呢？
The supermarket is quite near. ____________________________go there on foot?
71.我们非常高兴您将参加“地球一小时”活动。
_____________________________that you will take part in the “Earth Hour” event.
72.我的电脑坏了，你能帮我修一下吗？
_____________________________my computer. Could you help me mend it?
73.很抱歉让你久等了。
I’m sorry _____________________________ for such a long time.
74. 优秀的画家不仅要花很多时间画画而且还花很多时间去寻找创作的灵感。
Good painters always______________________________________ picture ideas.
宣武二模
根据中文意思完成句子。
1.李雷病了。
咱们去看他吧。
Li Lei is ill. ___________go to see him.
2.我的自行车坏了，我将坐车上学。
____________ my bike, so I’ll go to school by bus.
3. 对于我们来说，过低碳生活是十分有必要的。
____________ a low carbon life.
4. 这本书太厚了，他不能按时看完。
This book ____________.
5. 昨天晚上她一到家，就开始帮助妈妈准备晚饭。
____________ yesterday evening.。