【高考聚焦】2014届高三英语一轮复习综合训练 助动词类 第1节 情态动词和虚拟语气 Word版含解析]
2014高考英语语法复习专题精讲精练 情态动词和虚拟语气.pdf
学海无涯
我读完了,你就可以拿走这本书。(允诺)
He shall be punished.他一定会遭到惩罚。(威
胁)
Why/How +should 结构表示说 话人对某事不能理解、感到意 外、惊异等意思,意为“竟会”
Why should you be so late? 你今天来得怎么这 么晚? How should I know? 我怎会知道!(意为:我 不知道。)
could +have done 表示“本可以做而实际上 未能做”。
You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. 你本来能做得更好的,但你没有尽力。
cannot+ have done 表示“对现在或过去发生 He cannot have been to that small town.
If I had been free, I would have visited you. 如果我有空的话,我就拜访你了。
与将来 事实相反
should/would/ could/might+ 动词原形
过去式 /should+ 动 词 原形/were +to do
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.如果明天下雨的话,我们就不去野营。
need 还可以用作行为动词,其
变化和一般的动词相同。若主语 We need to have a rest.我们需要休息一下。
为动作承受者时用动词主动形 The house needs repairing.=The house needs to
式表示被动意义或用不定式的 be repaired.这栋房子需要修理。
【高考聚焦】2014届高三英语一轮复习课件 语法篇 助动词类 第1节 情态动词和虚拟语气1
19.(2012· 北京,33)We ______ the difficulty togeபைடு நூலகம்her, but why didn't you tell me?
A. should face B. might face
C. could have faced
D. must have faced
【解析】C 句意:我们本来能一起面对困难,但 你为什么不告诉我?因为事情发生在过去故排除A、 B两项,而must have faced只表肯定推测,could have faced此处表虚拟“本来能干某事而未干”。
9.(2013· 浙江,3)I ______ myself more — it was a perfect day.
A. shouldn't have enjoyed
B. needn't have enjoyed
C. wouldn't have enjoyed
D. couldn't have enjoyed
6.(2013· 天津,9)No one ______ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.
A. could B. must
C. dare
D. need
【解析】A 句意:不可能有人比他更慷慨;他有 一颗善良的心。can't/ couldn't表不可能。
A. should B. could
C. must
D. need
【解析】B 句意:当我还是孩童的时候,每当我 想看电视的时候都能够看。情态动词could“能够”, 符合题意。
3.(2013· 辽宁,31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ______ too much at the party last night.
高考英语一轮复习 考点 情态动词和虚拟语气考点归纳高三全册英语试题
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校考点13 情态动词和虚拟语气英语中常用的情态动词主要有can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should,ought to,dare,need,used to,had better等。
在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点:同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况;情态动词后跟各种形式的用法;尤其要注意"情态动词+完成式"是高考中的重点所在。
对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气,宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用,交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气,含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气,以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。
情态动词是2021年→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。
试题的立意不偏不怪,但有效信息越来越隐蔽,语境越来越真实,考查角度越来越细致,这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。
【复习建议】情态动词:1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法;2. 掌握情态动词表达"情感、态度、语气等"方面的用法。
虚拟语气:1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法;2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法;3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法;情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1)can,could与be able to1.表示能力,意为"能,会"。
☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。
☞If you have a good sleep,you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉,你将能够解出这道题。
☞I could have worked out the problem,but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题,但我太紧张了。
2)may与might1.表示请求、允许时,might比may的语气更委婉一些,否定回答时要用mustn’t,表示"不可以""禁止""阻止"之意。
【高考聚焦】2014届高三英语一轮复习课件 语法篇 助动词类 第1节 情态动词和虚拟语气2
——是的,你可以。(不,恐怕不行。)
④表示惊异、怀疑(不相信)等态度,主要用于否定 句、疑问句和感叹句中。如: How can you be so foolish? 你怎么这么傻呢?
They can't be working at this time of day.
他们不可能在这个时候工作。
⑤can和be able to都表示能力,在意义上没有区别。 但can只有现在时和过去时,而be able to则有更多的 时态形式。在肯定句中,如果表示过去某时做成了 某。如:
第一节 情态动词和虚拟语气 (2)
考点一:情态动词
1.情态动词的类型和特征 (1)情态动词的类型 ① 只 作 情 态 动 词 用 的 有 : must , can(could) , may(might),ought to。
② 可 作 情 态 动 词 也 可 作 实 义 动 词 的 有 : need , dare(美语中常用作实义动词)。
He dared not do it.(情态动词)
注意:need作行为动词时,还可表示“需要”,后 接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。如: The floor needs sweeping. 这地需要打扫了。
3.情态动词的功能分类 (1)表示能力can,could,be able to,was/were able to, could have done ①表示现在的或一般的能力: 表示现在的或一般的能力用can或be able to (一般的 能力即你无论什么时候想做就能做到的能力);表示 现在的或一般的能力时,can比be able to更普遍。
We/He must work hard.
我们/他一定要努力工作。
He has to walk home.
2014届高考英语一轮复习语法精讲《情态动词》PPT课件
【疑难1】 That will be the man you want to see. Perhaps she would be willing to meet us. 【疑难剖析1】表示说话人的推测,意为“大概, 也许”。would 的肯定性不如will强,语气比较弱。
【完成例句】 (13)你可以教我怎样驾车吗? Would you teach me how to drive a car? (14)当你看见他能给他捎个便条吗? Will you please give him a message when you see him? 【结论2】用于第二人称的疑问句中表示有礼貌的 询问和请求,would 比 will更委婉。
【翻译句子】 (5)Could / Can I borrow your reference books? 我可以借下你的参考书吗? (6)You can smoke in the entrance hall. 你可以在入口大厅抽烟。 【结论4】表示允许、许可,用could 比 can更 委婉客气。
【翻译句子】 (3)Could you wait a few days for the money? 钱你可以再等几天吗? (4)Could you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning? 你能明天早上8点钟到这儿吗? 【结论3】表示请求、建议,用could 比 can语 气更委婉(回答用原形)。
【翻译句子】 (7) He might come tomorrow. 他可能明天来。 (8) He may be very busy these days. 他这些天可能很忙。 【结论2】表示可能性,表示“或许,大概”。用 于肯定句或否定句中,用might 比 may语气更加不 肯定。
2014届高三英语一轮复习专项课件:情态动词和虚拟语气(72张PPT)
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专题8
正反解读情态动词和虚拟语气
• • • •
正 面 3.[2012•北京卷] We ________ the difficulty together, but 解 why didn't you tell me? B.might face 读 A.should face
C.could have faced D.must have faced
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专题8
正反解读情态动词和虚拟语气
• • • •
正 面 解 读
1.can, could的用法 规则1:表示体力或脑力(知识、技能)所产生的能力。 如: Her mother can speak French. He could read books in English when he was only five. 规则2:表示客观的可能性。如: Anybody can make mistakes. Man cannot live without air. 规则3:表示请求建议,用could 比 can语气更委婉 (回答用原形)。如: Could you wait a few days for the money? Could you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning?
A. lives C. has lived B. would live D. were to live
[解析] D 考查虚拟语气。根据主句中的wouldn't可判 断是虚拟语气。if引导的条件状语从句对将来进行虚 拟,从句用were to do或should do或过去式。所以选D。
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【高考聚焦】2014届高三英语一轮复习对点训练 助动词类 第1节 情态动词和虚拟语气 Word版含解析
助动词类第一节情态动词和虚拟语气考点一:情态动词1.It is required by the rules that students ______ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.A. willB. mayC. shallD. would【解析】C句意:根据规定,学生如果想拿奖学金,任何单科成绩不得低于85分。
shall用于第三人称,在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定,意为“应,必须”。
2.They are brothers, but they do not always agree with each other as they ______. Quarrels break out now and then.A. canB. shouldC. mayD. will【解析】B句意:他们是兄弟。
但是他们却并不像本来应该的那样总是赞成对方(的观点)。
争吵时常发生。
根据句意可知,此处应用should表示“应该,应当”。
3.According to the newly-made traffic regulation, whoever drive through red light ______ be fined at least 200 dollars.A. shallB. mayC. wouldD. should【解析】A句意:根据最新颁布的道路管理条例,任何闯红灯者将被罚款最少200美元。
shall用于第三人称,在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定。
4.—Hi, Lucy. Do you know where Linda is?—She ______ in the library. I met her there just a few minutes ago.A. shall beB. must beC. should have beenD. might have been【解析】B句意:——你好,露西。
高三英语新一轮复习(基础训练+提高强化)情态动词与虚拟语气(含解析)(1)
情态动词与虚拟语气基础训练1.(湖北教学合作2014届月考)A recent draft proposal released by the Ministry of Education suggests that primary schools, from grade one to six, ________ pupils any written homework. (give)教育部最近公布一项议案草案建议小学从一年级到六年级不给学生布置书面家庭作业。
解析:(should) not give考查虚拟语气。
suggest意为“建议”时,后面跟的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,其构成为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。
2.(湖北2014届高三月考)I am afraid that I didn’t see the speed limit just now, officer. I _________________(dream )警官,恐怕我刚才没看到时速标志,我肯定是正在开小差。
解析:must have been dreaming考查情态动词表示推测的用法。
根据句意可知此处的情态动词表示肯定推测,must表示推测时用于表示肯定的推测;对过去正在进行的动作进行推测用“情态动词+have been doing”的形式。
3. (孝感高中2014届高三期末)—— Do you think George has passed the driving test? —— No. If so, he _______________ his car to our college yesterday. (drive) ——你认为乔治通过了驾驶测试吗?——没有。
如果通过了,他昨天就开车来我们大学了。
解析:would have driven考查虚拟语气。
If so是省略了的虚拟条件句,是对过去的虚拟假设。
在if引导的对过去事实虚拟假设的主从复合句中,主句谓语动词要用“情态动词+have +过去分词”的形式。
2014高考英语最后冲刺 真题精练 情态动词和虚拟语气2
情态动词和虚拟语气(共3组,每组限时8分钟)[一模题组]1.(2013·成都一诊)Parents are doing all they ________ to help their children achieve their ambitions.A.shall B.canC.may D.need解析:选B 考查情态动词。
句意:父母们在做他们力所能与的事来帮助他们的孩子实现他们的夙愿。
完整形式为“Parents are doing all they can do to help their children achieve their ambitions.〞其中they can do是定语从句,修饰先行词all; to help their children achieve their ambitions是目的状语。
由于主句中出现了实义动词doing,所以省略了从句中的do。
故答案为B。
2.(2013·江西六所重点高中一模)We ________ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it.A.needn't B.can'tC.won't D.shouldn't解析:选D 考查情态动词。
句意:我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。
也许有一天,我们会用完它。
shouldn't“不应该〞,符合句意。
3.(2013·皖南八校一模)I felt surprised that anyone of his intelligence ________ such an easy test.A.might have failed B.could have failedC.should have failed D.must have failed解析:选C 考查情态动词。
高考英语一轮复习 学通语法情态动词和虚拟语气高三全册英语试题
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校第十二讲情态动词和虚拟语气(一) 情态动词单句语法填空1.(2015·北京高考改编)—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late.I really must go now. My daughter is home alone.2. (2015·福建高考改编)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.—Oh, it’s too bad. You should_have_made (make) full preparations.3.(2015·陕西高考改编)You may feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.4.(2015·重庆高考改编)You must be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.5.(2014·江西高考改编)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest might become the richest.6.(2014·四川高考改编)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends.7.(2014·江苏高考改编)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, should bring me food.8.(2013·辽宁高考改编)Harry is feeling uncomfortable. Hemust_have_drunk (drink) too much at the party last night.一、情态动词的基本用法(一)can/could的用法1.表示能力,意为“能,会”。
2014届高考英语(大纲版)一轮复习配套训练语法专项突破六情态动词和虚拟语气
Ⅰ.单项填空1.(2013·临沂质量检测)—You didn’t wait for Elizabeth last night,did you?—Yes,but we __________.She didn’t come at all.A.don’t have to B.needn’t haveC.need to D.should have解析:选B。
考查情态动词。
句意:——你昨天晚上没有等到伊丽莎白,是吗?——是的,但是我们本没有必要等。
她根本就没来。
根据语境可知,此处表示本没有必要做某事,故用needn’t have done。
即B项正确。
2.(2013·青岛市第二次统一检测)—We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch. —Sorry,I __________.I have another appointment.A.won’t B.shan’tC.can’t D.mustn’t解析:选C。
考查情态动词用法。
根据下文“I have another appointment”可知,我不可能留下来吃午饭。
can’t意为“不可能”,符合题意。
3.(2013·淄博模拟)You __________ read a book in the sun—it’ll do harm to your eyes. A.couldn’t B.wouldn’tC.needn’t D.mustn’t解析:选D。
考查情态动词用法。
句意:你不要在太阳下看书,那样对眼睛不好。
couldn’t意为“不能;无法”;wouldn’t表示不会;needn’t意为“不必”;mustn’t表示不允许。
故D项正确。
4.(2012·高考安徽卷)Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________ there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.A.lives B.would liveC.has lived D.were to live解析:选D。
2014年高考英语总复习专项专练:情态动词和虚拟语气(人教版,含2013模拟解析).pdf
课时作业49语法专练九情态动词和虚拟语气高考真题1.(2012·江苏高考)—Happy birthday!—Thank you! It's the best present I ________ for.A.should have wished B.must have wishedC.may have wished D.could have wished解析:should have done意为“本应该做”;must have done意为“一定做过”;may have done意为“可能做过”;could have done意为“本能够做,本可以做”。
根据句意判断应选D项,表示“这是我能够希望得到的最好的礼物”。
答案:D2.(2012·陕西高考)I________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.A.won't B.can'tC.can D.will解析:句意:在我们不在家期间,你对我儿子的帮助我感激不尽。
can not 或can never与too much连用表示“再……也不过分”。
故选B项。
答案:B3.(2012·全国Ⅱ)I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ________ find the money.A.can B.mightC.would D.need解析:can“能够”;might“可能”;would“愿意”;need“需要”。
句意:如果我能找到那笔钱,我打算和约翰一起去欧洲度假。
故选A项。
答案:A4.(2012·江苏高考)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was.A.mustn't B.shouldn'tC.wouldn't D.mightn't解析:mustn't意为“禁止,绝对不可”;shouldn't意为“不应该”;wouldn't 意为“不愿意,不想”;mightn't意为“可能不,也许不”。
2014年高考英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气
情态动词与虚拟语气(2014安徽卷)30.People are recycling many things which they______ away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown 【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词。
句意:人们在循环利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。
Would have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测。
根据句意可知D正确。
(2014北京卷)27. ______ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。
句意:我可以和你谈谈吗?用不了多少时间。
Can意为“可以”,表示请求、要求、建议等:;must意为“必须,一定”;shall意为“应,会,将,必须”;should 意为“应该”。
根据句意可知,空格can I…?表示征求许可。
故A正确。
(2014北京卷)34. We ______ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果你没丢失地图,现在我们就会在宾馆里了。
If引导的条件状语从句中,如果表示与现在事实相反时,条件句中的谓语动词用“一般过去时/were”,主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”。
根据句意可知,题中所述内容与现在事实相反。
故D正确。
(2014湖南卷)22. If Mr. Dewey ______ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A. wereB. had been G. should be D. was【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。
2014届高三高考英语复习计划情态动词
情态动词 must与have to 的用法 1、must 的主要用法。 1)表示必须、必要
We must do everything step by step . 2)must 的否定式有两个:当回答由must引起的 问题时,否定答复要用needn’t或don’t have to 表 “不必、无须、用不着、不一定”的意义。当表 示“不应该、不许可、禁止”时,就用must not。
Must I go tomorrow? Yes, please. No , you needn’t.( = don’t have to ) You must not smoke here. 你不准在这儿吸 烟.
have to的含义与must是很接近的,只是have to 比较强调客观需要,must着重说明主观看法。
3.cannot/ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱouldn’t … too + 副词/形容词; cannot/couldn’t …+副词/形容词 + enough
无论……也不过分; 越……越好
You can’t be too careful when crossing the
street. I cannot thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。
2014届高三一轮复习英语精品资料 专题六 情态动词(新课标专用)含解析
专题六情态动词、虚拟语气情态动词一、can和could的用法1.表示能力Her mother can speak French。
2.表示客观可能性Anybody can make mistakes.3.表示许可(多用于口语)Can I go now?4.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)How can you be so careless!5.can的特殊用法can but只有;can’t but不得不;can’t.。
.too再怎样也不为过,越……越好。
I can but wait.I can’t but wait.You can’t be too patient to the customers。
二、may和might的用法1.表示允许、请求—May I watch TV now?—Yes,you may。
(Yes,please.)—No,you mustn’t。
(No,you’d better not.)2.表示可能性(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句,疑问句用can 代替)The story may not be true.3.表示祝愿(不用might)May you succeed!4.may/might as well最好还是……You might as well do it now.5.may/might well很可能He may well be late for class。
三、must,have to和ought to的用法1.must(1)must表示“必须,应该,一定要”.强调主观看法,只有现在时形式,否定式是must not(mustn't)。
must开头的问句,其否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to代替.(2)must表示必然的结果。
All men must die。
(3)must还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。
高三英语一轮复习英语语法--情态动词
Fish will die without water.鱼儿离开了水会死亡的。
He would come to see me on Sunday when he was in Beijing.The wound would not heal.伤口老是不能愈合。
注意:would 与used to 的区别:ed to表示过去的某种习惯,现在已经没那样的习惯了;would 表示过去有某种习惯,不与现在对比We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. (过去会这样,不与现在对比)We used to sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. (过去是这样的,但现在不这样了) 2.表示过去的状态,只能用used to,不能用wouldThere used to be a park here.这儿过去有个公园。
(言下之意:现在没有了)(五)shall, should和ought to1.shall用于第一、第三人称作主语的疑问句中,表示征求对方(听话者)的意见What shall we do this evening? Shall he come in?2.should 表示“应该”,表义务,责任,也可表示劝告,建议You should keep your promise.3.should表示按常规、常理推测,意为“可能”或“应该”They should arrive by one o’clock.4.提出意见、请求、建议时,可用should表示委婉、谦逊的语气,意为“可”,“倒是”I should think you are mistaken.我倒是认为你弄错了。
5.ought to表示责任和义务,意为“应该”,语气比should强;还可表推测You ought to obey your parents when they are right.You have practic ed for a long time. There ought to be no difficulty for you.注意:1.shall用于第二、三人称表示“警告、命令、允诺、威胁”等You shall fail if you don’t work harder.你不更加努力工作,你就不会成功。
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1.—He looks very hot and dry.—So ______ if you had a temperature of 103.A. would youB. will youC. would you have beenD. do you【解析】A句意:——他看起来很热,很渴。
——如果你发烧到103(华氏)度,你也会这样的。
根据句意可知,这是一个与现在事实相反的假设,主句可使用“主语+would/could/might+动词原形”形式,故选择A项。
“so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”意为“……也一样”。
2.—Jack, turn off the TV! Isn't it high time that you ______ John's birthday party?—I get it, mom!A. must leave forB. will leave forC. left forD. is leaving for【解析】C句意:——杰克,关掉电视!难道你不该去参加约翰的生日聚会了?——知道了,妈妈。
“It+is+(high/about)time+(that)+主语+过去式/should do/be”是个常用句型,意为“到……的时候,应该……”。
3.It is beyond my understanding that many adults ______ be so crazy about Harry Potter series.A. willB. canC. mayD. should【解析】D句意:很多成年人居然对哈利·波特系列这么上瘾,对此我不能理解。
这里用should表示“居然,竟然”。
其他选项都没有这个含义。
4.I'm as busy as a bee;______ you bother me with so many questions now?A. mayB. mustC. canD. shall【解析】B句意:我忙得不可开交;为什么你偏要现在拿这么多的问题来打扰我呢?must表示与说话人相反的愿望或语气不耐烦,意为“偏偏,偏要”。
5.The school recommends parents ______ their children to swim in rivers or lakes during summer holidays.A. not permitB. do not permitC. mustn't permitD. couldn't permit【解析】A句意:学校建议家长在暑假期间不允许孩子在河里或湖里游泳。
recommend后的宾语从句用虚拟语气should not permit,而should可以省略。
6.The job required ______ did it ______ careful and brave enough.A. who; youB. whom; wasC. whomever; wereD. whoever; be【解析】D句意:这项工作要求任何一个做这项工作的人必须足够地胆大心细。
第一个空格处既要引导宾语从句还要作从句的主语,需要使用whoever;英语中的某些动词,如require,suggest,advise,request,propose等的后面接宾语从句时,从句要使用“(should)do /bedone/be”形式,故选择D项。
7.It's too bad that I failed in the math exam. If only I ______ hard at it!A. workedB. had workedC. has workedD. would work【解析】B句意:我数学考试不及格,这真是太糟糕了;要是我之前努力学习了该多好。
if only意为“要是……多好”,它后面的从句要用虚拟语气。
根据句意可知,此处是与过去事实相反的假设,要使用过去完成时。
8.A survey has shown that 40% of those killed in traffic accidents ______ if they had been wearing seat belts.A. should have been savedB. must have been savedC. need have been savedD. could have been saved【解析】D句意:一份调查已经显示在交通事故中40%的死亡人员本来能够被救的,如果他们之前一直系着安全带的话。
could have done本来能够……;should have done本该做而实际上没有做;must have done想必是,一定是;need have done本来需要做而实际未做。
9.You ______ make mistakes, but that is the way you learn how things work and how to mend them.A. mayB. mustC. needD. will【解析】A句意:你可以犯错误,但那也是你了解事情是如何发展和应该如何补救的方法。
考查may表示“可以”。
10.Suppose you could go camping this weekend, how ______ you feel?A. willB. wouldC. canD. do【解析】B句意:假设你本周末去野营,你会是怎样的感觉?suppose引导的从句相当于if引导的条件状语从句,句子中的主、从句皆与将来事实相反,故主句谓语动词应为:would/should/could/might+动词原形。
11.—This city is a dull place to live in.—How surprising that you ______ think so! I love it very much.A. shallB. mustC. mightD. should【解析】D句意:——住在这个城市真无聊。
——你竟然这么想,真叫人吃惊!我很喜欢它。
本题考查情态动词。
should用在某些形容词(important,necessary,natural等)之后的that从句中,意为:竟然,表示惊讶的语气。
12.—Tom is still unhappy today.—It's all your fault. You ______ to him yesterday for your mindless mistake.A. should apologizeB. should have apologizedC. shouldn't have apologizedD. must apologize【解析】B句意:——汤姆今天还不高兴。
——都怪你。
你昨天本应该为你愚蠢的错误道歉。
B:过去本该做却未做;A、D:指现在或将来;C:过去本不该做却做了。
13.My demand is that the information referred to in my report ______ to Mr. Brown without delay.A. to be e-mailedB. e-mailedC. be e-mailedD. being e-mailed【解析】C句意:我的要求是,我报告中提到的信息要立刻通过电子邮件发给布朗先生。
英语中的某些名词,如demand,request,requirement,suggestion,advice,proposal等的后面接同位语从句或表语从句时,从句中要使用虚拟语气,即“(should)do/be done”形式。
14.I'd rather ______ rudely to her yesterday.A. you not speakB. you not speakingC. you didn't speakD. you hadn't spoken【解析】D句意:我宁愿你昨天没有那么粗鲁地与她说话。
would rather后的宾语从句需要使用虚拟语气。
本题中的yesterday说明此题要使用与过去事实相反的假设,即从句使用过去完成时。
15.They were offered two free tickets to the USA. Otherwise, they ______ able to afford to go.A. had never beenB. have never beenC. would never beD. would never have been【解析】D句意:有人给他们提供了两张去美国的免费机票。
否则,他们将永远不能负担得起去美国(的开支)。
根据句意和They were offered…可知Otherwise实际指代的条件状语从句是If they hadn't been offered two free tickets to the USA;题干中涉及的是与过去事实相反的假设,主句要使用would/could/should/might have done。
16.You could understand what he is referring to if you ______ his lecture yesterday.A. attendedB. had attendedC. have attendedD. would have attended【解析】B句意:如果你昨天听了他的演讲的话,你就能理解他正在指的是什么了。
根据句意可知,题干中涉及的是与过去事实相反的假设,故使用过去完成时态。
17.How I wish I ______ in medicine instead of history when I was at college!A. had majoredB. should majorC. majoredD. would majored【解析】A句意:我是多么希望在上大学时我选择了主修医学而不是主修历史!题干中wish后表示的是与过去事实相反的假设,故使用过去完成时态。
18.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ______ cause problems.A. mustB. dareC. mayD. shall【解析】C句意:了解有可能会带来麻烦的文化差异是重要的。