非谓语动词详细讲解,个人整理,适合高考复习

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超详细非谓语动词讲解

超详细非谓语动词讲解

超详细非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指在句中充当动词的成分,但不具备谓语的功能,主要有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。

非谓语动词可以用于句法结构、修饰成分、语态和时态等方面的变化。

下面我将分别介绍这三种形式的非谓语动词。

一、动词不定式:动词不定式是由"to + 动词原形"构成的,可以用作动词、名词、形容词和副词的成分。

动词不定式的形式有时态和语态的变化。

1. 作为动词的补充:动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语。

例句:- I want to go to the park.(作为动词want的宾语)- She agreed to help us.(作为介词to的宾语)2. 作为名词的补充:动词不定式可以作为句子成分的一部分,并起到名词的作用。

例句:- To study is important for children.(作为主语)- My goal is to become a doctor.(作为表语)3. 作为形容词的补充:动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词。

例句:- I have a book to read.(修饰名词book)- She needs someone to help her.(修饰代词someone)4. 作为副词的补充:动词不定式可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。

例句:- He came here to visit his parents.(修饰动词came)- The coffee is too hot to drink.(修饰形容词hot)二、动名词:动名词是由动词的现在分词形式构成的名词,具有名词的特点,可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语等。

1. 作为主语:动名词可以作为句子的主语。

例句:- Dancing is her favorite hobby.2. 作为宾语:动名词可以作为及物动词的宾语。

例句:- He enjoys swimming in the sea.3. 作为表语:动名词可以作为系动词的表语。

非谓语动词讲解(超全)

非谓语动词讲解(超全)

非谓语动词讲解(超全)非谓语动词是指动词的非限定形式,不可以独立作谓语。

它可以由动词原形、现在分词和过去分词构成,常见的形式有不定式、动名词和分词。

一、不定式:不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,常常在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。

它的构成方式为"to + 动词原形"。

例句:1. To learn a foreign language is not easy.(作主语)2. She wants to go shopping.(作宾语)3. The best way to learn English well is to practice every day.(作表语)4. He has a lot of work to finish.(作定语)不定式也具有进行时态、完成时态和被动语态的形式:进行时态:to be + 动词的现在分词完成时态:to have + 动词的过去分词被动语态:to be + 动词过去分词例句:1. He seems to be sleeping.(不定式进行时态)2. You should have told me earlier.(不定式完成时态)3. The car needs to be repaired.(不定式被动语态)二、动名词:动名词是指动词的-ing形式,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。

在句中的位置和用法与名词相似。

例句:1. Reading is my favorite hobby.(作主语)2. I enjoy swimming in the summer.(作宾语)3. Her dream is becoming a famous singer.(作表语)4. The girl standing over there is my sister.(作定语)5. He went to the party without saying goodbye.(作状语)动名词与不定式的区别在于动名词具有进行时态和被动语态,而不定式没有。

非谓语动词讲解(超全超实用)

非谓语动词讲解(超全超实用)

非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b. v-ing c. 过去分词概述:1.谓语动词:在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词:是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。

She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.动词不定式一.动词不定式的时态和被动形式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。

不定式的形式有五种:1.一般式to do I like to read English.2.进行式to be doing He seemed to be reading something at that time.3.完成式to have done He seemed to have cleaned the room.4.被动式to be done The work is to be done soon.5.完成被动式to have been doneThe boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.疑问词+动词不定式What, who, which, where, when, how, why等疑问词构成不定式短语,这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。

二. 动词不定式的用法I.作主语(1)不定式做主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词之前。

To see is to believe.Not to get there in time is your fault.(2)注:常用it做形式主语,将to do位于之后,使句子保持平衡。

句型1:It + 谓语+(+sb.)+时间/金钱+ to doIt takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus.It costs you only $ 100 a month to cook at home.It seemed impossible to save money.句型2:I t’s + n. (+ for sb) + to doIt’s our duty _to_ help the poor.It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the countryside..It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.句型3:It is + adj (+ for sb)to do sth(是形容事物的性质的)It is + adj (+ of sb)to do sth(是形容人的品质的)It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.It is very kind of you to give me some help.It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.疑问词+不定式作主语When to start remains undecided.1.It is easy to get there by bus or taxi.2. It takes about 3 hours to see all the birds.3. It is also impolite to speak with your mouth full when you are eating.4. It’s our duty to take good care of the old.5. How long did it take you to finish the work?6. It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.7. When to start has not been decided.8. It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.9. It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.10. It is useful for our health to do morning exercises.II.作宾语接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter.I don’t expect to meet you here(1)常见动词有:like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, fail, manage, learn, seem, forget, want, prepare, pretend, plan, wish等They want to get_( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?He said he wished __to be ( be ) a professor.(2)it作形式宾语I find/feel to work with him interesting .I find/feel it interesting to work with him.Subject+ find/think/feel/make/ consider… it+adj/n + to do sth.1.We thought _it__ better __to_ start early.2.Do you consider _it__ better not _to_ go?3. I feel _it_ my duty _to_ change all that.4.We think it __ important _ to _ obey the law.5.I know _ it _ impossible _ to _ finish so much homework in a day.(3)疑问词+不定式作宾语常常放在这些动词的后面作宾语:tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain…He taught us how to use the tool.No one could tell me where to get the book.The dictionary didn’t tell the Frenchman how to pronounce the word.(4) 作介词but, except, besides的宾语。

英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用

英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用

英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用在英语语法中,非谓语动词是指在句子中不能独立充当谓语,而是通过与其他词语搭配来发挥作用的动词形式。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

本文将对这三种非谓语动词进行详细的讲解,帮助读者更好地理解和运用。

一、动词不定式1.定义和形式:动词不定式是由动词原形加上"to"构成的形式,表示不完整的动作或状态。

例如:to eat, to dance。

2.用途和功能:(1)作主语:动词不定式可以作为句子的主语,常放在句首。

例如:To learn a new language is challenging.(2)作宾语:动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语,表示动作的目的或意图。

例如:I want to learn English.(3)作表语:动词不定式可以作为系动词的表语,表示身份、偏好、目的等。

例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.(4)作定语:动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词,起到进一步说明或限定的作用。

例如:The best way to improve English is to practice more.(5)作状语:动词不定式可以表示时间、目的、方式等状语的作用。

例如:I went to the park to relax.3.特殊用法:(1)省略to:在某些情况下,不定式的to可以省略,例如在助动词let、make、help等后面。

例如:Let me go.(2)动词不定式的时态:动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,但可以根据不同的时间来使用不同的时态。

例如:I want to go shopping.(现在时态)I wanted to go shopping.(过去时态)二、动名词1.定义和形式:动名词是由动词加上-ing构成的形式,可以作为名词使用。

例如:swimming, running。

2.用途和功能:(1)作主语:动名词可以作为句子的主语,常放在句首。

非谓语动词用法表解自己整理(终极)

非谓语动词用法表解自己整理(终极)

表1:非谓语动词的时态和语态
概说:非谓语动词指动词的不用于作谓语的三种变化形式,即:不定式、V-ing形式(据其在句子中的作用又分为动名词和现在分词)、过去分词。

它们具有如下共同特征:无人称与数的变化;有时态和语态的变化、有主语(逻辑的)、可以带状语、及物动词或及物性短语动词变来的非谓语动词有其自身的宾语。

否定式都在前加not。

能作谓语以外的很多成分。

表2:非谓语动词的句法功能(1)
表3:非谓语动词的句法功能(2)
表4:非谓语动词的句法功能(3)。

(完整版)高考英语非谓语动词知识点

(完整版)高考英语非谓语动词知识点

非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语形式有三种: 1.动词不定式:to do表示目的和将来2、动词的ing(动名词) : doing表示主动和进行 3.动词的过去分词:done表示被动和完成二、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have been doneing 形式主动doing having done被动being done having been done过去分词被动done三、非谓语动词的做题步骤:1、判定是否用非谓语形式。

方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。

2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

3、判断主被动关系。

方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、判断时间关系。

方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。

一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语:1). 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。

动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。

如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk2). 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth. There is no point(in)doing sth2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较:1)、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。

(完整版)高中英语非谓语动词详解

(完整版)高中英语非谓语动词详解

第二讲非谓语动词教学重点1,非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别;2,非谓语动词的各种形式和应用;3,非谓语动词的考点解析。

一、非谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1.谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。

如:Miss Mary teaches us English . 玛丽教我们英语。

(teaches是谓语动词。

)Mr Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周末来到了我们教室和我们谈话。

(to have a talk不定式作状语)2.谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。

如:Tom likes the pop music. 汤姆喜欢流行音乐。

(动词用第三人称单数形式)Tom has nothing to do today. 汤姆今天没有什么事要做。

(do用原形)二、非谓语动词的各种形式和应用非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

其动能和形式如下:非谓语动词在句中所做的成分如下:三、考点解析非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。

解答非谓语动词的题目时,一定要解析句子结构,确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。

1 动名词和不定式作表语①如果表语是不定式,主语也是不定式;表语是动名词,主语也是动名词。

如:To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing.②动名词作主语的句型。

如:It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构:动词不定式的复合结构有两种:It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do。

非谓语动词讲解整理

非谓语动词讲解整理

非谓语动词讲解整理非谓语动词是指能够独立使用,不依赖于主谓结构的动词形式。

常见的非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。

一、不定式(Infinitive):不定式是动词的一种形式,具体形式为“to + 动词原形”。

在句中常用作动词、形容词和副词的补充性成分。

1. 作主语:To win the championship is our goal.(获得冠军是我们的目标。

)2. 作宾语:I want to visit my grandparents this summer.(我想要这个夏天去看望我的爷爷奶奶。

)3. 作补语:His dream is to become a famous actor.(他的梦想是成为一名著名的演员。

)4. 作定语:I have a lot of books to read.(我有很多书要读。

)5. 作状语:They went to the park to play basketball.(他们去公园打篮球。

)二、动名词(Gerund):动名词是一种名词,具体形式为动词原形加上-ing。

在句中常用作名词的主语、宾语和表语。

1. 作主语:Swimming is one of my favorite hobbies.(游泳是我最喜欢的爱好之一。

)2. 作宾语:She enjoys playing the piano.(她喜欢弹钢琴。

)3. 作表语:His job is teaching English.(他的工作是教英语。

)4. 作定语:I saw a girl carrying a basket of flowers.(我看到了一个拿着一篮花的女孩。

)5. 作状语:He left the house, crying loudly.(他大声哭着离开了房子。

)三、分词(Participle):分词是动词的一种形式,分为现在分词(-ing形式)和过去分词(-ed、-en等形式)。

在句中常用作形容词和分词短语的修饰成分。

非谓语动词讲解高中

非谓语动词讲解高中

非谓语动词讲解高中非谓语动词是指在句子中作动词的用法,而不是表示谓语动作或状态的主要成分。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

在高中英语中,非谓语动词经常用于句子的修饰、独立主语和补语等的结构。

下面将对非谓语动词进行详细的讲解和提供相关的参考内容。

一、动词不定式(infinitive)动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作主语、表语、宾语、状语和补足语等。

动词不定式的基本形式是“to+ 动词原形”,它具有名词、形容词和副词的特点。

1. 作主语- It's difficult to learn a new language.(学习一门新语言是困难的。

)2. 作宾语- I want to go to the movies.(我想去看电影。

)3. 作表语- Her dream is to become a doctor.(她的梦想是成为一名医生。

)4. 作状语- She studies hard to improve her grades.(她努力学习以提高自己的成绩。

)5. 作补语- He made me laugh.(他让我笑了。

)二、动名词(gerund)动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作主语、宾语、表语和状语等。

动名词的基本形式是动词+ing形式,它具有名词的特点,可以在句子中起到名词的作用。

1. 作主语- Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是很好的运动。

)2. 作宾语- I enjoy reading novels.(我喜欢读小说。

)3. 作表语- His favorite activity is playing basketball.(他最喜欢的活动是打篮球。

)4. 作状语- She learned English by watching American movies.(她通过看美国电影学习英语。

)三、分词(participle)分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作定语、状语和表语等。

超详细非谓语动词讲解

超详细非谓语动词讲解

非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)定义在句子中不是谓语的动词,形式:不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)作用:在句子中充当主语、宾语、状语等。

特点:1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。

2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。

4.谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。

5.英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。

与谓语动词的关系相同点(1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如: They built a garden. They suggested building a garden.(2)都可以被状语修饰: The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well.(3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。

例如:He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态) He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式) We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时) Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)(4)都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语) The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)We are League members.(谓语动词的主语) We being League member, the work was well done. (现在分词的逻辑主语)不定式一、形式功能:动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

(完整word版)非谓语动词讲解

(完整word版)非谓语动词讲解

非谓语动词【知识要点】定义:在英语中,不作句子谓语,而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词,叫做非谓语动词。

分类:非谓语动词有动词不定式(the Infinitive);动名词(the Gerund);现在分词(the Present Participle);过去分词(the Past Participle)。

无论它们在句中作什么成分,他们都保持着自己本身的属性特点。

动词不定式:表将来、具体某一次,常在句中可以作: 主语,宾语,定语,状语,补语,表语;动名词:具有名词功能,常在句中可以作:主语,宾语,表语;作定语时表功能;现在分词:表主动和正在进行, 常在句中可以作: 定语,状语,表语,宾补;过去分词:表被动和已完成,常在句中可以作: 定语,状语,补语。

一、动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。

不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。

不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和补语,但不能单独作谓语。

2. 不定式的句法功能1)作主语:To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.在十分钟内完成这项工作很难。

动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,例如上面一句可用如下形式:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.2)作表语:Her job is to clean the hall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。

3)作宾语:V.+ to do sth.常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer,afford,ask,decide,expect,intend,等。

非谓语动词讲解(超全

非谓语动词讲解(超全

非谓语动词讲解(超全非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词。

与主谓结构不同,非谓语动词可在句子中作状语、定语或表语。

在英语中,非谓语动词的形式是相对固定的,但在不同的语法环境中所表示的意义和用法有所差异。

1. 动词不定式(to-infinitive)动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。

例如:- 宾语:I want to go to the zoo.(我想去动物园。

)- 主语:To speak English fluently is important for your career.(流利地说英语对你的事业很重要。

)- 状语:He went to the store to buy some groceries.(他去商店买了些杂货。

)- 定语:She needs a pen to write her essay.(她需要一支笔来写作文。

)2. 动名词(gerund)动名词是将动词加上-ing构成,常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。

例如:- 宾语:I enjoy reading books in my spare time.(我闲暇时喜欢读书。

)- 主语:Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是很好的锻炼。

)- 状语:She left the party early, feeling tired.(她因为感觉累了,所以提前离开了聚会。

)- 定语:The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.(哭闹的婴儿把整个邻居都吵醒了。

)3. 现在分词(present participle)现在分词由动词原形加上-ing构成,常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。

例如:- 宾语:He enjoys playing soccer on weekends.(他喜欢周末踢足球。

)- 主语:Listening to music helps me relax.(听音乐帮助我放松。

非谓语动词讲解史上最全

非谓语动词讲解史上最全

非谓语动词讲解史上最全非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式,它们在句子中通常不具备时态和人称的变化。

非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。

一、不定式(Infinitive)不定式由to加动词原形构成,具有动词和名词的双重特征。

不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。

1. 作主语:To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your career.学习一门外语对你的事业有益。

2. 作宾语:I want to visit my grandparents this weekend.我想这周末去看望我的祖父母。

3. 作表语:His dream is to become a famous writer.他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。

4. 作定语:She has many books to read.她有很多书要读。

5. 作状语:He came to help us.他来帮助我们。

二、动名词(Gerund)动名词由动词原形加-ing构成,具有动词和名词的双重特征。

动名词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。

1. 作主语:Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

2. 作宾语:I enjoy reading novels in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读小说。

3. 作表语:Her hobby is singing.她的爱好是唱歌。

4. 作定语:The running water is clear.流动的水很清澈。

5. 作状语:She went shopping after finishing her homework.她在完成作业后去购物。

三、现在分词(Present Participle)现在分词由动词原形加-ing构成,具有动词和形容词的双重特征。

现在分词在句子中可以充当定语、表语、状语等成分。

完整版完整版高中英语非谓语动词讲解

完整版完整版高中英语非谓语动词讲解

非谓语动词非谓语动词包含不定式 (to do) 、动名词 (-ing) 、此刻分词 (-ing) 与过去分词 (- ed)。

它们不受主语人称和数的限制,在句子中不可以充任谓语,但能够充任句子的其余成分,并且有时态和语态的变化。

形式动词不定式动名词 (doing)此刻分词 (doing)过去分词 (done)对照项目(to do)相当于名词、形相当于名词,指常常性、相当于形容词、副词,相当于形容词、副词,自己意义容词、副词,往习惯性的动作常常有此刻意味兼有被动、达成意义往有未来意味主语、宾语、表主语、宾语、表语、定表语、宾补、定语、状充任句子成分语、宾补、定语、表语、宾补、定语、状语语语状语主动一般式to do doing doing done被动式to be done being done being done形式to have done having done having done主动达成式被动达成式to have been done having been done having been done否认式在上述各样非谓语动词形式以前直接加not动词不定式定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不可以独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特色,能够有自己的宾语和状语。

主动形式被动形式一般式to doto be done达成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing无达成进行式to have been doing无一、不定式的意义1. 不定式的一般式:一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或以后。

当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的蒙受者时,不定式一般要用被动式(to be done).eg: He seemed to be tired.The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2.不定式的进行式:进行式表示动作正在进行,与谓语的动作同时发生。

(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解

(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解

非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。

当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。

非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。

三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。

方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

3、判断主被动关系。

方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、判断时间关系。

方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。

七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。

动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。

如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选 Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s usel ess doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。

完整高中英语非谓语动词讲解

完整高中英语非谓语动词讲解

非谓语动词不定式、在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词分为三种形式:动名词和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词).不定式不定式的作用一、1、作主语不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。

往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。

如:It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意:(1)其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。

(2)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is …to…的句型。

试比较:It is to negate my own idea to believe him.(错)To believe him is to negate my own idea .(对)(3)It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中,当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时,用of,否则用for.2、作宾语(1)动词+不定式。

如:He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.(it 作形式宾语)注:下列动词通常用不定式作宾语:want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help, decide,begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get等(2)动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词,作宾语。

如:t know what to do next/ how to do it next. 'I dont decide when to go there.'I can it 注意:不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用作形式宾语。

非谓语动词讲解 超全

非谓语动词讲解 超全

非谓语动词讲解超全非谓语动词是指不具有人称和数的动词形式,不需要依附主语就可以使用的动词形式。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词等形式。

非谓语动词的使用可以丰富句子结构,增强表达效果,表达出动作的进行、完成、目的、原因等不同的语义关系。

一、动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由“to” + 原形动词构成,具有名词、形容词或副词的特性。

1. 作主语:To learn English well is my goal.(学好英语是我的目标。

)2. 作宾语:I want to take a nap.(我想睡个觉。

)3. 作宾补:She found it difficult to solve the math problem.(她发现解决这个数学问题很困难。

)4. 作表语:My dream is to become a teacher.(我的梦想是成为一名教师。

)5. 作状语:He left the room to make a phone call.(他离开房间去打电话。

)二、动名词动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,多用于表示动作的稳定状态或被动的形式,常常作主语、宾语或介词的宾语。

1. 作主语:Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

)2. 作宾语:I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢阅读书籍。

)3. 作宾补:He kept silent, not wanting to reveal the secret.(他保持沉默,不想泄露秘密。

)4. 作介词的宾语:She is good at playing the piano.(她擅长弹钢琴。

)三、现在分词现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常以-ing结尾,可以表示主动、进行、伴随等含义。

1. 作定语:The running dog scared the child.(奔跑的狗吓唬了孩子。

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to do一.不定式构成:to+动词原形在句中作用:除谓语动词外的任何成分1.不定式作主语不定式作主语,常用it替代,而将真正主语放在末尾It‘s useful to learn English well=To learn English well is useful.句型it+be+ adj+ of/for sb+to do sth.It is important for us to protect the environment.注意:在kind, good, nice, clever等修饰人品质的时候介词用ofIt is kind of you to help me.2.不定式作宾语一些谓语动词后只能跟不定式,这类词表命令,打算或者希望的如:would like, like, want, wish, hope, plan, expect.Would you like to see a film this evening?在find,think后跟不定式作宾语,常用it替代,而将真正宾语放于句末。

I find it easy to learn English everyday.3.不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语(与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系)eg: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.常跟不定式作宾语补足语的有ask, want, help, wish, teach,encourage, invite, warn, allow等。

eg: My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.注意:一些使役动词和感官动词也用动词不定式作宾补,这时要省略to. 这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, watch, see, notice) 。

但变为被动语态时要加上to.eg: The teacher was saw to enter the office不定式作其他成分作表语(常在be动词后,可与主语互换):eg: His task is to learn hard作定语(与宾语有逻辑上动宾关系):eg: There is nothing to worry about.作状语(目的,结果,原因):eg: He opened the door for her to come in疑问词+不定式(作主语或者宾语(可转化为宾语从句))eg: can you tell me when to leave?= can you tell me when you will lea二.动名词构成:动词原形+ing用法:作主语、宾语、表语、定语1.主语eg: Eating much is bad for your health.2.宾语动词宾语:eg:I like playing basketball very much.介词宾语:eg: The notebook is used for writing down notes.3.表语eg: His hobby is swimming.=swimming is his hobby.4.定语eg: she is in the reading room.注:两动词连用只能接动名词的词完成实践值得忙; finish, practice, be worth, be busy继续习惯别放弃; keep on , be used to , give up考虑建议不禁想; consider , suggest, can’t help, feel like喜欢思念要介意. enjoy, miss, mind三.分词构成:现在分词: 动词+ ing过去分词:动词+ ed用法:表语、定语、状语、补足语1.表语现分eg: The story is interesting.过分eg: I am bored with the thing.2.定语现分eg: Do you know the girl standing under the tree?过分eg: Please hand your written exercise.3.状语现分eg: They went out of classroom, talking and laughing.过分eg: Seen from the hill,the school is beautiful.4.补足语现分eg: I heard him singing when I came in classroom过分eg: I want to have my bike repaired.(have/make/get/+ 名词(代词)+过去分词)1.动后接动名词和不定式的区别stop to do sth 停下来去做某事stop doing sth 停止做某事mean to do sth打算做某事mean doing sth 意味着做某事try to do sth 尽力做某事try doing sth 尝试做某事forget to do sth 忘记做某事(未做)forget doing sth 忘记做过某事remember to do sth 记得要做某事(未做) remember doing sth记得做过某事need to do sth需要做某事(主动含义need doing sth 需要去做某事(被动含义)go on to do sth接着做某事(另一件)go on doing 接着做某事2.现在分词和不定式作宾语补主语的区别eg: I heard him singing in the classroom. (唱的动作正在进行)I heard him sing in the classroom. (唱的动作已结束)常见动词有see, watch, notice, hear, feel, have等。

它们现在分词作宾补表动作正在进行;接不带to的动词作宾语表已经完成了的或者经常性的动作3.现在分词和过去分词的区别1.语态上,现分表主动意义,过分表被动意义the surprising news令人惊讶的消息a surprised man 一个感到惊讶的人a moving story 一个感人的故事the moved people 被感动的人们2.时态上,现分表正在进行的动作,过分表已经完成的动作the developing country 发展中国家the developed country 发达国家the rising sun 正在升起的太阳the risen sun 升起来的太阳含有介词to的固定短语make (a) contribution to,devote to,look forward to,prefer …to…,be/get used to,pay attention to为…作贡献致力于期盼,盼望喜欢…胜过…习惯,适应关注于…have fun (in) doing sth含有介词或者省略的固定句型have trouble/ difficulty in doing sthspend time (in) doing sthbe worth doingcan’t help doingKeep/prevent/stop sb/sth from doing sth做…有趣做…有困难花费多少时间做……值得…禁不住…防止某人/某物被…从句子成分分析非谓语动词一.动名词与不定式作主语时的区别1.特殊表达动名词表示经常性、反复发生的动作不定式表示具体的、某一次的动作2.固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth3.习惯用法It’s no use/no good /useless/worthwhile + doing …It’s kind/wise/clever…of sb to do sthIt’s important/necessary/hard …for sb to do sth二.非谓语动词作表语1 对称原则,主语是动名词,表语一般也用动名词Seeing is believing2. 分词作表语表示主语的特点特征. 现在分词表示令人-------;过去分词表示感到------;The speech is ______and the students are________.The old man feels ___________with his ____________son who is disappointed at his study.3.不定式作表语:(1)计划,趋势将要做的she is to get married next week.(2)责任,义务必须做的I’m to see you off at the airport tomorrow(3)祈使,命令不得不做的You’re to stand here ,do you understand ?(4)命运安排,注定做的Disney met the mouse and he was to become a famous artist.三.非谓语动词作状语四.作定语,放在名词后面总结原则一:用作目的状语,原则上要用不定式1. When asked why he went there,he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight.A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained2. _____ this cake,you’ll need 2 eggs,175 g sugar and 175 g flour.A. Having madeB. MakeC. To makeD. Making原则二:用于名词后作定语时,使用非谓语动词的原则是:用不定式,表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词,表示动作正在进行;用过去分词,表示动作已经发生,同时表示被动意义.1.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ___ in Beijing in 2008.A. holdB. holdingC. heldD. to be held2. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. wait3. “Things _____ never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself.lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost4..—The last one _____ pays the meal.—Agreed!arrived B. arrivesC. to arriveD. Arriving原则三:用作伴随状语,原则上要用现在分词1. As the light turned green,I stood for a moment,not _____,and asked myself what I was going to do.moved B. movingC. to moveD. being moved2.Peter received a letter just now _____ his grandma would come to see him soon.A. saidB. saysC. sayingD. to say3. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class,he would answer carelessly,always ___ the same thing.A.sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said4. We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,___ that all children like these things.A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought原则四:作结果状语,用现在分词或不定式,其区别是,一般要用现在分词表自然而然的结果,不定式表意外不好结果.1.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,_____ in the natural light during the day.A.to letB. lettingC. letD. having let2. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,___ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.A.have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching3.He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told4. He hurried to the station only_____ that the train had left.A.to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found原则五:非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致1. Faced with a bill for $10,000,_____.A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given John an extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John2. While watching television,_____.A. the door bell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings原则七:强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,原则上要用完成式1.._____ from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated2. The manager,_____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us,left the meeting room. A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making原则八:对于固定搭配,原则上按搭配习惯处理1.____ with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time. )A. FacedB. FaceC. FacingD. To face2._____ in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A. DressedB. To dressC. ressingD. Having dressedThe Ministry of Public Security launched the 100-day campaign last Friday,1 ____ (consider) an increase in traffic accidents in recent months. Some 3,167 motorists2 ______(arrest) last weekend across China, including 4353 ____ (drink) drivers. In Beijing, with more and more notices 4______(post) in the streets these days 5 ______ (remind) motorists of the danger, citizens become more aware of it. “We all know it is not right 6 ______ (drive) after drinking, but on some occasions it seems unavoidable,”said Xu Yang, a white collar worker from Beijing, 7 ______(admit) that he used to drive after drinking.。

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