完整2016Unit3Traditionalskills语法总结推荐文档

Unit 3 Traditional skills温故知新1. 按照要求写单词。

describe （v.）- ___ （n.） hang（v.悬挂）---- ___ （过去式）-- ___ （过去分词）hang （v.绞死）-- _ （过去式）- __ （过去分词）fit （同义词）---- ___________ simple（同义词）---- ______ reach （同义词组） _________ ---- ______________ luck（n.） ---- _ （adj.） --- _____ （adv.） lucky （反义词）---- ___________ attract （v.） -- ____ （adj.） ---- ________ （n.）尽管_____ 需要 ______________ 剪刀___________ 吸引力的，迷人的____ ______ 文字；符号；人物；角色______ 2. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。

1. What does your father look like? Can you d _____________ her?2. Tom ofte n takes exercises, so he is very f _______ .3. You n eed a pair of s ___________ to make paper cutt ing.4. Tom ' s flight will r __________ Shenzhen at 10:00..5. My father is a f __________ . He makes a livi ng b fishi ng.6. Mount Tai has many I _________ sce nes.7. The story is writte n in s _________ En glish.8. His gran dfather is in bad h ________ .9. The work r ________ more time and people..10. Paper cutting a _____________ children ' s attention.3. 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Tom ofte n practises __________ (speak) En glish every day.2. There are two _________ (fishma n)on the boat.3. Glasses is _________ (make) into bottle..4. Young trees require ____________ (pla nt) in Spri ng.5. I like the kite very much. It ' s very ___________ (love).6. He was n ' t used to ___________ (eat) in a restaura nt.7. I keep the door __________ (ope n) to let fresh air come in.8. he heavy rain preve nted us from _________ (climb) the mountain..9. We use ________ (scissor) to cut thi ngs.10. To keep __________ (health), he eat a lot of vegetables.语法总结：被动语态二、被动语态的结构与用法：㈠结构：be +done 过去分词）被动语态中的be 为助动词，无意义。

be 可能是am , is , are 也可能是was ,were 或原形be 。

注：☆被动语态的时态是由be 的时态决定的，be 是什么时态，全 句就是什么时态，be 后面的过去分词不变。

㈡用法：例: ☆H istory is made by the people. 一般现在时）☆T he cars were made in Tianjing in 1995. 一般过去时）☆ The tree will be cut down next year 一般将来时）☆T he room must be kept clean.（含有情态动词的被动语态）☆ The door is being opened.（现在进行时）☆ The film has been seen by me.（现在完成时）注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法时态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时 am/is/are doneHe is asked to do this. 一般过去时 was/were doneThe story was told by her mother.一般将来时will be done现在进行时 is being doneThe novel is being written. 过去进行时 was being done现在元成时 has been done The house has been built.过去将来时 would be done He said the trees would be plantedsoon 三、被动语态的各种句型：1、 T he song is liked by young people.肯定句 )2、 T he song isn ' t liked by young peop （否定句）主动语态 by us last summer. 宾语 状语 被动语态 、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换状语 The factory was visited主语谓语last summer. Eg：主语3、Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑问句）4> Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the so ng liked?（特殊疑问句）四、主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：☆把原句中的宾语改成主语☆动词改为变动形式be done同时注意时态）☆原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by 后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man killed a tiger.—A tiger was killed by the man .改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面）五、特殊句型的被动语态：☆含有使役动词（make /let /have 或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,lookat ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式, 但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to 再加上去，另外help 这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to 加上去。

例：☆Mother often makes me do some housework.—☆ We saw him run into the classroom.—He ☆ teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, te等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。

如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。

例: ☆S he gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me.—I was given a pen by her.—A pen was given to me by her.☆My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.—I was bought a new bike by my father.—A new bike was bought for me by my father.☆由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词+宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。

（前面已举过两例）例: ☆W e should speak to old people politely.—Old people should be spoken to politely （ by us）.☆He took away the box..f The box含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。

（宾补放在原来位置不变）例：☆主谓宾宾补f H e is called Xiao Ma by us.☆He found the book very interesting.f The book was found very interesting by him.六、没有被动语态的动词：1. 没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen = take place, break ou爆发）,break down（坏了）等不及物动词或短语以及诸如result from（缘于），belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态2不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：即pear, die ‘disappear, end （vi结束）,fail, last, lie, rema in, sit, spread （传播），sta nd, come true, fall asleep, ...3 .大多数系动词：be ,feel摸起来）,sou nd听起来）,look（看起来）,smell（闻起来） taste （尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。

例：he skirt feels very soft.这件裙子摸起来很柔软。

☆Many changes have happened in our hometown.☆The film lasted for 3 hours.跟踪练习1. My homework _______ an hour ago.A. finishB. finishedC. was finished2. The shoes _______ in Guangdong.A. makeB. are madeC. made3. Lots of trees __________ in the forest last year. （ plant ）4. Lucy borrowed a book yesterday. （变为被动语态）句型转换My homework was finished two hours ago.否定句__________________________________________________________一般疑问句_____________________________________________________肯定回答________________________________________________________练习1、语言知识与运用否定回答( )1.A half of the n ews ____ in En glish.A. is writingB. writesC. are writtenD. is written( )2. The childre n ____ b y the nu rse.A. were lookedB. looked afterC. were looked afterD. looked( )3. He __ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.A. gave, did n't liste nB. was give n, was n't liste nedC. give, was n't liste nedD. was give n, did n't liste n( )4. The questi on ____ b y us soon.A. is going to discussB. will discussC. is going to be discussedD. has bee n discussed( )5. The library ___ about five years ago.A. was buildedB. was builtC. buildsD. has bee n built( )6. Rice ___ a lso _____ in their hometow n.A. is …grownB. is …grewC. was …grewD. was …grown()7. The picture ________ i n October, 2008.A. was tak ingB. had bee n take nC. was take nD. had take n( )8. I ______ t he way to the railway stati on by a policema n.A. was show nB. showedC. have show nD. was show ing( )9. Whe n water ____ , it will be cha nged into vapor.A. is heatedB. heati ngC. has heatedD. heats( )10.If the letter ___ to me, I will read it at once.A. sendB. is sentC. is sendD. will be sent( )11. They ______ day and ni ght.A. are made workB. are made to workC. made to be workedD. are making to work ( )12.H un dreds of jobs ____ if the factory closes.A. loseB. will be lostC. are lostD. will lost( )13.A library with five thousa nd books ______ to the n ati on as a gift.A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered( )14. Whe n _____ the car _____ ?6A. did, inventB. was, inven tedC. does, inventD. in, inven ted( )15.My father ____ for his boss last year.A. made workB. was made to workC. was made workD. was made worked()16. Who _____ the window ______ ?A. does, breakB. is, broke nC. was, broke n byD. was, broke n练习2、把下列句子改为被动语态1. The wind blew dow n the big tree last ni ght.The big tree ___________ the wind last ni ght.2. They didn ' t take him to Beijing.He ________________ to Beiji ng by them.3. I saw the boy run yesterday.The boy ___________________ yesterday.4. Do you water your flowers every day?your flowers every day?5. We will hold a meeti ng n ext Mon day.A meeti ng _____________________ n ext Mon day.6. He lent me a pen.⑴I __________________________(2) A card _____________________ .7. I sometimes see David do sports after school.David sometimes ________________ sports after school.练习3、用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Don ' t worry about that. It ______________ (finish) next week.2.She ________________ (welcome) by her frie nds as soon as she arrives.3.I hear that more tha n one millio n dollars ____________ (spe nd) on the project.4. Many chances ____________ (lose) if you don ' t work hard.5. The sports meeti ng ____________ (hold) n ext mon th.6. The little boy ____________ ( invite)to sing an English song at a party last week.。