2020年英语高考模拟原创11 阅读理解—人物传记类(教师版)
2020高考英语 第三章 阅读理解 第三节 人物传记类知识
第三节人物传记类第一部分五年高考题荟萃2020年高考题 Passage 1(10·安徽A篇)The engineer Camilla Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world,By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13.000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.Camillo’s son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialist. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(计算器). In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe(主机) computer designed and made in Italy.After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problem. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the world’s lesding companies in information technology and commucations. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group—one for personal computers, one for other office equipment, one for systems and service, and two for telecommunications.56.From the text we learn thatA. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13.000 typewriters a yearB. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950sC. some of Oli vetti’s 700 staff regularly visited customers in ItalyD. Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning57. What was probably the direct result of Olivetti’s falling behind in electronic technologyA. Adriano’s deathB.A period of financial problemsC. Its faster progressD. Its agreements with other companies.58. What do we know about Olivetti?A. It produced the best typewriter in the world.B. It designed the world’s first mainframe computer.C. It exported more typewriters than other companies.D. It has five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea.59. The best title for the text would beA. The Origin of Olivetti.B. The Success of Olivetti.C. The History of OlivettiD. The Production of Olivetti.答案：56—59 ABDCPassage 2(10·福建A篇)F. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an Americannovelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman Schooland attended Princeton. University for a short while. In 1917 hejoined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his futurewife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her.His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in hisdiary:“ My own happine ss in the past often approached such joy that Icould share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.”This side of paradise,his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age (1922), and a play T he Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.However, Fitzger ald’s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Nigh t in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940. while his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.56. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?A. 5B. 6C. 7D. 857. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life according to the pas sage?a. He became addicted to drinking.b. He studied at St. Paul Academy.c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.e. He failed to reorder his life.f. He joined the army and met Zelda.A. f-c-e-a-b-dB. b-e-a-f-c-dC. f-d-e-c-b-aD. b-f-c-d-e-a58. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald .A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama.B. was well educated and well off before he served in the armyC. would have completed more works if his wife hadn’t broken downD. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital59. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about .A. Zelda’s personal lifeB. Zelda’s illness and treatmentC. Fitzgerald’s friendship with GrahamD. Fitzgerald’s contributions to the l iterary world答案：56—59 ADCDPassage 3(10·湖南B篇)When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, "Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out, you'll have something to rely on." Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, "the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course," she recalls.The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her morn," I don't know how to use a computer," she admits.Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All,her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. "I felt there was a need for a book like this," she says." I didn't want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we're self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease."But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow u p ---again---and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dancefloor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. "Everybody on earth can ask, 'why me?' about something or other," she insists. "It doesn't do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I've come to realize the importance of that as I've grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be."61. Why did Mary feel regretful?A. She didn't achieve her ambition.B. She didn't take care of her mother.C. She didn't complete her high school.D. She didn't follow her mother's advice.62, We can know that before 1995 MaryA. had two books publishedB. received many career awardsC. knew how to use a computerD. supported the JDRF by writing63. Mary's second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her .A. living with diabetesB. successful show businessC. service for an organizationD. remembrance of her mother64. When Mary received the life-changing news, she .A. lost control of herselfB. began a balanced dietC. Med to get a treatmentD. behaved in an adult way65. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Mary feels pity for herself.B. Mary has recovered from her disease.C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.【语篇解读】本文为人物介绍说明文。
2020高考英语赢在篇章之人物传记生活与学习(25页)
2020高考英语赢在篇章之人物传记生活与学习导学一人物传记类记叙文概述1：文体的特征和框架结构高考英语阅读理解人物传记类文章的命题以细节理解题居多，其次是推理判断题，然后是主旨大意题、作者意图题、猜词题等。
这类文章一般难度不大，应该是阅读理解的得分点。
但是由于缺乏恰当的阅读策略和解题技巧，很多考生在做此类阅读理解题时往往有材料看得懂，题目不好做的感觉。
要想掌握人物传记类文章的阅读策略和解题技巧，提高阅读速度，在高考中得到高分，就要了解人物传记类阅读理解的一般特征。
景、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。
其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。
这类文章常采用倒叙的写作方法，即首先用几句话来简单介绍这个人，接着介绍这个人的出生、成长过程，然后再记述他(她)一两件主要的事情或业绩，来反映他(她)的思想、品德和情操，最后作者会对他(她)进行评论，从而表达作者对他(她)的情感。
这类文章，从词汇方面看，考纲外词汇不多，甚至没有。
从文章内容方面看，内容简单，好理解。
从命题角度看，通常会考察关于该人物的大量细节题，有些细节考察的很直接，只需理解字面意思即可；有些则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能得出。
2：解题方法1.寻读细找法寻读细找法一般适用于细节理解题型。
先看题目要求我们理解什么细节，找出关键词→以此为线索，运用寻读的技巧迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语→认真比较选项和文中细节的区别→在正确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳答案。
2.引申推理法引申推理法往往应用于推理判断题型。
推理判断题的正确选项是从文章当中某句话或某些段落当中引申、推理出来的，即“来自原文，高于原文”。
解答这种类型的题目时，要注意：(1)吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。
(2)对文字的表面信息进行加工，由表及里，由浅入深。
高三英语人物传记故事阅读类试题答案及解析
高三英语人物传记故事阅读类试题答案及解析1. A twenty-three-year Dutch student has enjoyed a short but unexpected holiday in Dubai. Mr Frank Vreede, a business student, had taken a part-time job at Schiphol Airport to help pay for his . He worked as a baggage handler.Last Friday night after a day in the university library preparing for his final exams, Frankwas a plane at the airport. He was waiting for the next baggage truck to arrive and he felt tired. He decided to have a rest so he sat down in the hold of the plane and shut his eyes just for a moment., while he was sleeping, the plane took off. An hour later, Frank and was shocked to discover that the plane was in the air. was a terrible noise from the engines, and he tried not to . It was dark, uncomfortable and very, very cold. Frank knew he could not in the freezing temperatures. It was an impossible situation.He decided to make as much as possible. He hit the ceiling of the baggage hold and shouted at the top of his voice. a passenger heard the noise and called a flight attendant, who immediately informed the pilot. the captain understood what was happening, he ordered hot air to be pumped into the hold.When the plane arrived at Dubai International Airport, an ambulance was waiting to take avery and frightened Mr Vreede to hospital. examined him, but he was unhurt and was allowed to leave after a few hours spread quickly about this "stowaway". The managing Director of one of Dubai's top hotels offered him a free room for the weekend. “He must have wanted to come to Dubai very much if he was prepared to travel in the hold!” the MD.“ been so kind," said Mr Vreede. "I'm really enjoying my stay in Dubai and I'm getting a lot of rest, so I won't fall asleep on the job again.” He also to his boss for sleeping atwork _working, and promised it would not happen again. "Next time, I'II catch a flight!” said Mr Vreede.【1】A．business B．studies C．flights D．exams【2】A．tiring B．boring C．lazy D．sad【3】A．boarding B．repairing C．loading D．sweeping【4】A．good B．quiet C．full D．quick【5】A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Otherwise 【6】A．set up B．threw up C．woke up D．looked up 【7】A．It B．There C．What D．That【8】A．risk B．anger C．bother D．panic【9】A．guarantee B．survive C．challenge D．involve【10】A．sense B．progress C．fortune D．noise 【11】A．Luckily B．Generally C．Actually D．Usually 【12】A．Unless B．Though C．Once D．Since 【13】A．sleepy B．greedy C．hungry D．cold 【14】A．Workers B．Passengers C．Doctors D．Pilots 【15】A．Diseases B．News C．Fear D．Lies 【16】A．joked B．cried C．whispered D．replied 【17】A．Nobody's B．someone's C．Anyone's D．Everyone's 【18】A．applied B．contributed C．apologized D．appealed 【19】A．instead of B．in spite of C．in case of D．except for 【20】A．local B．regular C．delayed D．cheap【答案】【1】B【2】A【3】C【4】D【5】A【6】C【7】B【8】D【9】B【10】D【11】A【12】C【13】D【14】C【15】B【16】A【17】D【18】C【19】A【20】B【解析】本文讲到一个做机场装卸兼职的学生在上班时在货舱中睡觉了，而飞机起飞了，在飞机飞行过程中得救的故事。
2020年高考英语模拟卷(十)(pdf,含解析)
2020年高考英语模拟卷及答案解析（十）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Metropolis Book ClubMembership:All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page,select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us.Special offers for new members:As a special offer,you may choose any reduced-price books from our new members’booklist,to the value of100yuan in total.Tick the box on your form to order a free watch.Join before the end of this month and you receive another free book carefully chosen by ourstaff.Order an audio-book from the many on offer,at half the recommended retail price.When you’ve joined:As a member you get around50%off the publisher’s price of every book you buy,and what’s more,they come straight to your door.Your free club magazine arrives once a month to keep you up to date with the latest best-sellers we’ve added to our list.On the Internet,you canfind all our titles for the year at our exclusive members’website.Our website also has a book swap service where members can request or offer books for exchange.Being a member:All you have to do is order four books during your first year.After that,you can decide on the number of books you wish to take.In each of your monthly club magazines,our experienced staff choose a“Book of the Month”for you,which is offered at an extra-special price.If you do not want this book,just say so in the space provided on the form and send it back to us.We always send the book if we do not receive this form.Once we receive your order,your books are delivered within one week.And remember,you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered.If they aren’t what you expected just send them back!1.How can you become a member of the Metropolis Book Club?A.By ordering a watch free of charge.B.By sending the advertisement to the club.C.By choosing books with special prices.D.By returning the completed order form.2.What information does the monthly magazine give members?A.The percentage saved on each book.B.The names of all the books sold by the club.C.The list of the newest books available to buy.D.The books that can be swapped by club members.3.What can we infer from the last part of the passage?A.At least four books should be bought each year.B.Members can look at the books before they buy them.C.Members need to buy the“Book of the Month”.D.The more books bought,the higher the member’s grade.【答案】DCB【文章大意】本文主要介绍如何成为都市图书俱乐部的会员，以及成为会员有哪些优势。
2020年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类
2020年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类（精校word版有答案解析）But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897，Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane.Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.61. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _________.A. came out before minor diedB. was edited by an American volunteerC. included the English words invented by MurrayD. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary62. How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary?A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.C. He provided a great number of words and quotationsD. he went to England to work with Murray.63. Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?A. He was shut in an asylumB. He lived far from OxfordC. He was busy writing a bookD. He disliked traveling64. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because __________.A. they both served in the Civil War.B. They had a common interest in wordsC. Minor recovered with the help of MurrayD. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor65. Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor?A. Brave and determinedB. Cautious and friendlyC. Considerate and optimisticD. Unusual and scholarly66. What does the text mainly talk about?A. The history of the English language.B. The friendship between Murray and MinorC. Minor and the first Oxford English DictionaryD. Broadmoor Asylum and is patients【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，讲述了牛津英语词典的编撰者之一的Dr. Minor的不一般的人生，他博学，但被关在精神病院。
2020年英语高考模拟原创11 阅读理解—人物传记类(学生版)
专题11 阅读理解——人物传记类（原卷版）【新课标要求与考纲的关系】普通高中英语课程强调对学生语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的综合培养,具有工具性和人文性融合统一的特点。
普通高中英语课程应在义务教育的基础上,帮助学生进一步学习和运用英语基础知识和基本技能,发展跨文化交流能力,为他们学习其他学科知识、汲取世界文化精华、传播中华文化创造良好的条件,也为他们未来继续学习英语或选择就业提供更多机会；普通高中英语课程同时还应帮助学生树立人类命运共同体意识和多元文化意识,形成开放包容的态度,发展健康的审美情趣和良好的鉴赏能力,加深对祖国文化的理解,增强爱国情怀,坚定文化自信,树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观,为学生未来参与知识创新和科技创新,更好的适应世界多极化、经济全球化和社会信息化奠定基础。
学科核心素养学科核心素养是学科育人价值的集中体现,是学生通过学科学习而逐步形成的正确价值观念、必备品格和关键能力。
英语学科核心素养主要包括语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。
1.语言能力语言能力指在社会情境中,以听、说、读、看、写等方式理解和表达意义的能力,以及在学习和使用语言的过程中形成的语言意识和语感。
英语语言能力构成英语学科核心素养的基础要素。
英语语言能力的提高蕴含文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的提升,有助于学生拓展国际视野和思维方式,开展跨文化交流。
2.文化意识文化意识指对中外文化的理解和对优秀文化的认同,是学生在全球化背景下表现出的跨文化认知、态度和行为取向。
文化意识体现英语学科核心素养的价值取向。
文化意识的培育有助于学生增强国家认同和家国情怀,坚定文化自信,树立人类命运共同体意识,学会做人做事,成长为有文明素养和社会责任感的人。
3. 思维品质思维品质指思维在逻辑性、批判性、创新性等方面所表现的能力和水平。
思维品质体现英语学科核心素养的心智特征。
思维品质的发展有助于提升学生分析和解决问题的能力,使他们能够从跨文化视角观察和认识世界,对事物作出正确的价值判断。
2020年河南省高考英语模拟试卷11套（附答案解析）
2020年河南省高考英语模拟试卷11套（附答案解析）高考英语模拟试卷题号I II III IV V VI总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AWHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO？Is it amazing that the WHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO makes it fun for young children to save？With the help of Standard Bank's Kidz APP and the Big Five animal friends，teaching your children about managing their cash has never been more fun．Let the WHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO show your little ones what it means to earn and save money as well as share in the enjoyment of spending their well-earned cash．ElephantAs your children use the mobile app to complete various actions-achieving savings goals，completing missions and achieving wishes-here various medals will be rewarded．Earned medals are displayed in the elephant habitat as well as locked medals still to be achieved．LeopardReward your kids with pocket money for completing ‘missions'：household chores，achievements，etc．You can create a mission for your child，or your child can request a new mission．Once created，it must be accepted．The mission needs to be completed by your child and approved by you before you can pay him or her．LionHelp your children create and fulfil wishes．Wish cards and their savings progress can be tracked from your banking app．Once their savings goal is reached，lion will inform you of their achievement．BuffaloKidz can request to withdraw cash or purchase airtime and data using their savings．RhinoRhino shows your child's latest account balance and transactions．Download the Standard Bank's Kidz APP from Apple App Store on the phone．Use the comment section to interact with other Standard Bank customers and bank consultants．1.What is the WHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO designed for？______A. Players of board games．B. Kids for self-service banking．C. Parents for online banking．D. Travelers in the zoo．2.Rewards will be paid if ______ ．A. the kids fulfil your created missionsB. your kids get enough locked medalsC. you keep the account balancedD. you approve the request via Kidz APP3.Which of the following animals is related to spending？______A. Rhino．B. Leopard．C. Lion．D. Buffalo．BWhile staring out of the window during a flight，not everyone will think carefully about the question why airplaneshave rounded windows rather than square ones．Over the years，aerospace engineering has made huge steps in airplane technology，meaning planes can carry more passengers and go faster．The planes have also changed shape to increase safety-including the windows．As commercial air travel took off in the mid-20th century，airline companies began to fly at higher altitudes to lower their cost-the air density（密度）is lower up there，creating less drag（阻力）for airplanes．However，higher altitudes came with problems，like the fact human beings can't really survive at 30，000 feet．T o make that possible，the cabin was changed to a cylindrical（圆柱体）shape to support the pressure inside．But at first，plane builders left in the standard square windows and this expansion meant disaster．The deHavillandComet came into fashion in the 1950s．With a closed cabin，it was able to go higher and faster than other aircraft．However，where there's a corner，there's a weak spot．Windows，having four corners，have four potential weak spots，making them likely to crash under stress-such as air pressure．By curving the window，the stress that would eventually break the window corner is distributed and the chance of it breaking is reduced．Rounded shapes are also stronger and resist deformation（变形），and can thus survive the extreme differences in pressure between the inside and outside of the aircraft．Fortunately，designers figured out the lack of design pretty quick．Now we have nice，rounded airplane windows that can resist the pressure of traveling altitude．It gives being able to gaze out of your window to the world from 35，000 feet a whole new outlook，doesn't it？4.Why did airlines aim to fly at higher altitudes？______A. To increase safety of the plane．B. To help the plane to take off．C. To save money for less drag．D. To carry more passengers and go faster．5.What does the underlined words "de Havilland Comet" in Paragraph 2 refer to？______A. A planet．B. A band．C. An aircraft．D. A design．6.Which is the advantage of the rounded window？______A. It reduces the possibility of breaking up．B. It weakens the strength of air pressure．C. It increases the air pressure．D. It helps to survive the extreme weather．7.Where does this text come from？______A. A newspaper on safe driving．B. A magazine on fashion design．C. A website on survival skills．D. A science book on flying．CThe hemlock（铁杉）trees along the Wappinger Creek，New York，look healthy．However，scientist Gary Lovett says the white balls which provide protection for the bugs are created by a tiny insect．It's hard to believe the tiny bug could kill a tree．However，trees can end up with millions and millions of the pests．When there are that many，it ends up killing the tree．The bug from East Asia is slowly killing trees across the USA．The trouble-making bug is just one of many invasive（入侵的）pests that have slipped into the United States．They canhurt other living things in their new home．Many invasive pests arrive on wooden pallets piled inside shipping containers．They support and separate goods，and keep them from sliding around．Invasive pests often tunnel into the pallets．How can we stop pests from riding on pallets？Lovett says new rules are needed．The companies that make pallets don't want more rules．Congress has added an amendment（修正案）in the 2018 Farm Bill to try and prevent this problem．However，Lovett is not hopeful it will make much of a difference．Pallets are checked by inspectors．Many are sprayed with bug-killing pesticide．"I believe in the system，" said Brent McClendon，president of The National Wooden Pallet and Container Association．He also said shipping containers are checked very carefully．Still，each year 13 million containers are shipped to the U．S．Each is full of wooden pallets ．Lovett says："Inspectors can't possibly check everything．All it takes are a few bad pallets ；we should get rid of wooden pallets．" He believes pallets should be made of plastic or eco-composite wood．Eco-composite wood is a mix of wood fiber and plastic．Insects cannot hide into it．One problem is that these choices cost more．They may be worth the extra money，though．Invasive pests cost the U．S．﹩5 billion a year．Trees don't just die in forests．They also die in cities and our yards．Then，they need to be replaced．That costs money，too．8.All the statements are TRUE except that ______ ．A. pesticide has been applied to bug-killingB. invasive pests are native to Wappinger CreekC. invasive pests hide in pallets used in shippingD. the companies making pallets don't want more rules9.What can we infer from the passage？______A. Bugs can be easily spotted by eyes．B. Bugs ruin the shipping goods slowly．C. Bugs won't bother the tree if just in few numbers．D. Bugs cover trees with white soft balls for protection．10.Why does Gary Lovett want to get rid of wooden pallets？______A. Because insects mostly die in them．B. Because plastic pallets are eco-friendly．C. Because they are not worth extra money．D. Because they are the major pest carriers．11.What does the passage mainly talk about？______A. Invasive pests are harming plants in the USA．B. Effective measures have stopped the pest invasion．C. Congress contributes a lot to dealing with invasive pests．D. Ecosystem in the USA is poorly damaged by invasive woods．DHave you ever spent an afternoon in the backyard，maybe grilling or enjoying a basketball game，when suddenly you notice that everything goes quiet？There is an old phrase "calm before the storm"，often used in a situation-a quiet period just before a great activity or excitement．According to our own experience，we know there is actually calm before the storm．But what causes this calm？And is it always calm before the storm？Let's hear what scientists have to say．A period of calm happens in a particular kind of storm，the simplest kind of storm-asingle-cell thunderstorm．In this type of thunderstorm，there is usually only one main updraft，which is warm，damp airand drawn from places near the ground．Storms need warm and damp air as fuel，so they typically draw that air in from surrounding environment．Storms can draw in the air that fit their need from all directions-even from the direction in which the storm is traveling．As the warm，damp air is pulled into a storm system，it leaves a low-pressure vacuum（真空）coming after．The rising air meets the cold dry air that has already existed in the storm clouds，thus the temperature of the warm，damp air drops，and the water vapour（水蒸汽）in it changes into tiny drops that are a precondition of rain．These drops accumulate and build on larger particles like dust，until they grow large enough to form raindrops．This warm，damp air keeps moving upwards，but it becomes cooler and drier during its trip through cloud．When it reaches the top of the cloud，the air gets spit out（被挤出）at the top．This air is sent rolling out over the big thunderclouds．From there，the air goes down．Warm and dry air is relatively stable，and once it covers a region，that air，in turn ，causes the calm before a storm．Most thunderstorms，though，don't start with calm．That's because most are actually groups of storms with complex wind patterns．There's so much air moving up and down storm groups that the calm before the storm never happens．Instead，before the storm，it might be really windy!12.Which best fits the description of a particular kind of storm？______A. A thunderstorm with a single shape．B. A thunderstorm without strong winds．C. A storm with air drawn from every direction．D. A storm fueled by moving air from the ground．13.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to？______A. Cold and dry air．B. Warm and dry air．C. Cold and damp air．D. Warm and damp air．14.Which does the writer most likely agree to？______A. Presence of the calm relies on stable air．B. Not all thunderstorms start with the calm．C. The drier the air is，the bigger the storm will be．D. Storm happens without air moving up and down．15.What is the passage mainly about？______A. Causes and effects of a heavy storm．B. A brief description of a peaceful storm．C. A personal experience of a heavy storm．D. An explanation of the calm before a storm．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）We are surrounded by messages trying to get our attention．Advertisers，politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them．(1) ．Propaganda is not always a bad thing ，but it often hides the truth about a topic．It's very similar to advertising，whose goal is to get people to buy something，while propaganda is to change what people believe．Propaganda TechniquesTo create propaganda，a common technique is name-calling．A politician might call someone a traitor or liar，which makes the other person look bad．Another is the trend technique．People want to be on the side in the favor．(2) ．Some propaganda is based on fear．It scares peopleinto choosing a certain side or taking action，which might not be bad ．Anti-smoking campaigns are one example．They may scare people into thinking that if they smoke，they will get cancer．(3) Propaganda is used by many groups，such as businesses，politicians and thegovernment．It is spread through posters，television and radio．The Internet makes it easy to send messages to the whole world．Types of PropagandaPolitical propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians．(4) ．People have used it for many years．War propaganda began during World War I，more than 100 years ago．To see if propaganda is saying the truth，people need to do extra work．For example，ads might always sound like they're true．But before you believe them，try to think about who created and paid for them．Find out why they did it．(5) ．A．Propaganda TargetsB．Propaganda MediumsC．Another word for this is propagandaD．So most people will agree with those politiciansE．Then，you can decide if they're being honest or notF．However，religious propaganda was actually the first official oneG．People might join someone who claims to be popular or winning16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Our teachers tried teaching us about death during nursing training．As a student nurse，I knew I would see death in my (21)．I had no idea of the (22) it would have on me，(23)．The first person I saw die was an elderly man，John，who had been (24) for weeks．His heart was(25) and the health-care team was keeping him comfortable and (26) his symptoms．He had stopped speaking days before but was still awake at times，and his (27) when we spoke to him was beautiful．When I came on to the(28) one morning，the night staff said he had deteriorated （恶化）overnight and had(29) left to leave．A trained nurse and I gave him a bed bath，shaved him and changed his sheets．For the next six hours I (30) his hand and talked to him．The doctor came in regularly and asked if he needed more pain relief but he seemed (31) most of the time．He only (32) opened his eyes to smile at me．Early in the afternoon the nurse came back in and we washed his face and (33) his hair．As she was just about to leave the room，shestroked his hair and said："Oh John，just (34)．" Minutes later，he did．It has been 20 years since John's death．I have seen (35) deaths in my time nursing．I have seen staff go far beyond the(36) of their jobs to (37) that a patient has as good a death as possible．I remember some of the other faces，but none is quite as (38) as John's．He，and the professionals who were (39) him，taught me that it (40) how we treat those who are dying．21. A. life B. careerC. mindD. family22. A. impact B. difference C. reflection D. affection23. A. instead B. regardless C. therefore D. however24. A. insisting B. challenging C. struggling D. recovering25. A. striking B. failing C. beating D. aging26. A. comforting B. decreasing C. disappearing D. relieving27. A. face B. eyes C. smile D. expression28. A. ward B. classroom C. hospital D. department29. A. days B. hours C. minutes D. seconds30. A. held B. reached C. hugged D. touched31. A. silent B. painful C. peaceful D. anxious32. A. frequently B. occasionally C. hardly D. easily33. A. combed B. tied C. washed D. smelt34. A. come on B. pass away C. let go D. go away35. A. priceless B. constant C. considerate D. countless36. A. qualifications B. abilityC. expectationsD. exception37. A. pretend B. assume C. believe D. ensure38. A. beautiful B. vivid C. pale D. scary39. A. caring for B. looking for C. bringing up D. cheering up40. A. trains B. works C. influences D. matters四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Letters as a way of communication have long given way to phone calls and WeChatmessages．But a TV show，Letters Alive，is helping bring this old way to keep in touch back (1) the present．Letters Alive took (2) （it）idea from a UK program，Letters Live，released in 2013．Both (3) （show）feature famous actors and actresses，but there (4) （be）no eye-catching visual effects or any regular showbiz（娱乐圈）activities．Instead，it's just a live event (5) remarkable letters selected from a wide time span and a diverse range of subjects are read．There is，for example，a passionate letter from Huang Yongyu to playwright Cao Yu 30 years ago to criticize his lack of (6) （create）．Every letter is like a small piece of history．By hearing them (7) （read），it's as if we are being sent back in time to experience a moment that we would otherwise never have had the chance to．Compared to (8) （publish）texts，letters also (9) （natural）come with a personal touch．As well as celebrating the pain，joy，wisdom and humor，Letters Alive (10) （commit）to promoting Chinese literature since first run．五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（ \ ）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意： 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．Last year，Zhang Pingyu paid visit to London．Worried about the time available， Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the site she wanted to see．It was the T ower which she visited first．Fancy! This solid stone，square tower had been remained standing for one thousand years．Many new buildings had expanded around it． Therefore，it was still part of a royal palace and prison combined．There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666．It looked splendidly when first built． Westminster Abbey，too，was very interesting ．Then just as he came out of the abbey，Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock Big Ben， ring out the hour．The next day Pingyu was leaving London to Windsor Castle．"Perhaps I will see the Queen？" she wondered as she fall asleep．六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是李华，你的朋友Peter想了解你校于五月举办的中国传统文化艺术节．请你给Peter写封回信，内容包括：1．举办艺术节的目的；2．介绍你最喜欢的一个艺术节活动；3．邀请Peter参加并告之艺术节活动的时间．注意：1．词数 100 左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】D【解析】BAD【语篇导读】本文为应用文，介绍了一款儿童理财网银APP的功能及使用说明．（1）B 【解析】细节理解题．根据第一段Let the WHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO show your little ones what it means to earn and save mo ney as well as share in the enjoyment of spending their well-earned cash．可知WHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO 专为儿童理财而设计．（2）A 【解析】细节理解题．根据Leopard中的Reward your kids with pocket money for completing ‘missions'： household chores，achievements， etc．可知．（3）D 【解析】细节理解题．儿童理财的APP中5种动物对应5项银行业务，根据Buffalo中的Kidz can request to withdraw cash or purchase airtime and data using their savings．可知．4.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】D【解析】CCAD【语篇导读】本文为说明文，介绍了飞机舷窗由方变圆的原由．（1）C 【解析】细节理解题．根据第二段第三句…airline companies began to fly at higher altitudes to lower their cost-the air density （密度）is lower up there，creating less drag （阻力）for airplanes．可知．（2）C 【解析】推理判断题．下划线并非词义猜测，而是根据第二段最后一句With a closed cabin， it was able to go higher and faster than other aircraft．中的 it和other aircraft 推测此词所指为一款飞机．（3）A 【解析】细节理解题．根据第三段第三句By curving the window，the stress that would eventually break the window corner is distributed and the chance of it b reaking is reduced．可知．（4）D 【解析】推理判断题．本文介绍了社会发展过程中应安全和经济的需求，飞机形状和其舷窗形状的变化，故选自于与飞行有关的书籍．8.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】A【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第二段，The bug from East Asia is slowly killing trees across the USA．The trouble-making bug is just one of many invasive（入侵的）pests that have slipped into the United States．They can hurt other living things in their new home．来自东亚的虫子正在慢慢地杀死美国各地的树木．制造麻烦的虫子只是许多入侵美国的害虫之一．它们会伤害到新家里的其他生物．可知此害虫为外来物种．结合选项，故选B．2．C．推理判断题．根据第一段最后两句However，trees can end up with millions and millions of the pests． When there are that many，it ends up killing the tree．然而，树木最终会造成数百万的害虫，当害虫数量如此之多时，最终会杀死树木．可知，如果只有很少的虫子，它们就不会影响到树了．结合选项，故选C．3．D．细节理解题．根据最后一段Inspectors can't possibly check everything．All it takes are a few bad pallets；we should get rid of wooden pallets．" He believes pallets should be made of plastic or eco-composite wood．Eco-composite wood is a mix of wood fiber and plastic．Insects cannot hide into it．检查人员不可能检查所有东西．只需要几个坏托盘；我们应该把木托盘扔掉．"他认为托盘应该是塑料或生态复合木材．生态复合木材是木纤维和塑料的混合物．昆虫不能藏在里面．可知．木板是铁杉斑螟蛾虫的主要载体．因此必须根除，结合选项，故选D．4．A．主旨大意题．根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了外来蛾虫入侵所致的铁杉树虫害并没有因国会通过的修正案或是有关人士提出的方案而得到完全地解决．外来物种的入侵正影响着美国的植物，结合选项，故选A．本文为记叙文，介绍了美国铁杉树虫害因运输过程中使用的木板所携带的外来蛾虫所致．政府有颁布法案解决但收效甚微．有关人士就此也提出相应的解决方案．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．12.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】B【小题4】D【解析】1．C．细节理解题．第二段中特定的暴风雨指的是一种简单的单细胞雷暴．而并非指简单形状，故排除A．根据第二段最后一句可知雷暴能够从周围任何一个方向吸进自己所需的暖湿空气．故选C．2．D．代词指代题．第三段中提到由于暖湿空气被吸进雷暴中，雷暴经过之处就形成了低气压真空带．正在上升的暖湿气流遇到雷暴云层中原本就存在的干燥冷空气，此时暖湿空气的温度下降，暖湿空气中的水分凝结成小的水滴，这就是雨水形成的前提．故选D．3．B．推理判断题．根据最后一段Most thunderstorms，though， don't start with calm．可知大多数的雷暴来临前并不是一片宁静．而当有很多气流频繁上下流动时，暴风雨来临前毫无平静可言可知C、D不正确．故选B．4．D．主旨大意题．本文为自然现象类说明文．揭秘暴风雨来临前的宁静这一神秘自然现象．故选D．本文为自然现象类说明文．揭秘暴风雨来临前的宁静这一神秘自然现象．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．16.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】G【小题3】B【小题4】F【小题5】E【解析】1-5 CGBFE1．C．细节理解题．根据前文"politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them 政客和其他团体都试图让我们同意他们的观点"．可知此处应填"另一个词是宣传"．故2．G．细节理解题．根据前文"People want to be on the side in the favor人们希望站在有利的一方"．可知此处应填"人们可能会加入自称受欢迎或获胜的人"．故选G．3．B．推理判断题．根据下文"Propaganda is used by many groups，such as businesses，politicians and the government宣传被许多团体使用，如企业、政客和政府"．可知此处应填"宣传媒介"．故选B．4．F．推理判断题．根据前文"Political propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians只要有政客，政治宣传就一直存在"．可知此处应填"然而，宗教宣传实际上是第一个官方宣传"．故选F．5．E．推理判断题．根据前文"Find out why they did it．找出为什么他们做到了．"．可知此处应填"然后，你可以决定他们是否诚实"．故选E．本文为说明文，主要介绍了宣传的作用，手段，传播媒介以及种类．本题型不仅要求学生有良好的阅读理解能力，还要求学生对词汇语法有全面的把握，所以在这道题型上要拿到高分是不轻易的，而且还要在基本工扎实的基础上具备一定的解题技巧．21.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】C【小题5】B【小题6】D【小题7】C【小题8】A【小题9】B【小题10】A 【小题11】C【小题12】B【小题13】A【小题14】C【小题15】D 【小题16】C【小题17】D【小题18】B【小题19】A【小题20】D 【解析】1-5 BADCB 6-10 DCABA 11-15 CBACD 16-20CDBAD 1．B．考查名词及语境理解．句意：作为一名护士，会在工作中遇见死亡．life生活；family家庭；mind思想；career职业．后文可知，作者是一名护士，所以在职业生涯中会见到死亡，故选B．2．A．考查名词及语境理解．句意：但是，我不知道这会对我产生什么样的影响．affection 感情；difference不同；impact影响；reflection反映．根据短语have an impact on sth ．以及句意可知，difference虽然可以表示影响，但是短语搭配是make a difference to/in ．答案为A．3．D．考查副词及语境理解．句意：但是，我不知道这会对我产生什么样的影响．instead 替代；however然而；therefore因此；regardless不管．根据上文中的no idea可知作者没有想到死亡对她的影响，所以是转折关系，故选D．4．C．考查动词及语境理解．句意：我看见的第一个死亡的人是一个老人，John，已经挣扎了几周．struggling挣扎；challenging 挑战；insisting坚持；recovering恢复．第二段对John的描述可得知，John是一个垂死患者，所以选struggling，故选C．5．B．考查动词及语境理解．句意：他的心脏正在衰竭，医疗团队正在让他舒适，减轻症状．striking袭击；aging使变老；beating打败；failing衰竭．John已经垂死，所以心脏衰竭，failing可以表示器官衰竭的含义，故选B．6．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：他的心脏正在衰竭，医疗团队正在让他舒适，减轻症状．comforting安慰；relieving减轻；disappearing消失；decreasing减少．根据上下文，医护人员可以做的只能是让他舒适以及减轻他的症状．decrease侧重大小数量上的减少，语意不符．comfort宾语通常是人．disappear为不及物动词，不带宾语，故选D．7．C．考查名词及语境理解．句意：之前就已经不说话了，但是时不时的醒来，当我们对他说话的时候，他的笑容很美．smile微笑；eyes眼睛；face脸；expression表情．下文中有提到睁开眼睛朝作者微笑，再根据句子的谓语动词was可知答案是smile，8．A．考查名词及语境理解．句意：当我早上到医院的时候，上夜班的同事说John病情恶化，并且陪John走过了生命的最后几个小时．hospital医院；classroom教室；ward 病房；department部门．由后文可知，作者被告知John病情恶化，并且陪John走过了生命的最后几个小时，这一切只能是发生在John的病房里，既ward，故选A．9．B．考查名词及语境理解．句意：当我早上到医院的时候，上夜班的同事说John病情恶化，并且只有生命的最后几个小时．days 天；seconds秒；minutes分钟； hours 小时．后文有提及几个小时后，John便离开了人世，故选B．10．A．考查动词及语境理解．句意：我握着John的手陪他说了六个小时的话．hugged 拥抱；reached达到；held握着，持有；touched触摸．作者是握着John的手陪他说了六个小时的话，故选A．11．C．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：医生按时进入病房，问他是否需要止痛药，但是大多数时候他似乎很平和．peaceful和平的；painful 痛苦的； silent寂静的；anxious 着急的．由前文的but可知John不需要止痛药，所以是处于很平和的状态，故选C．12．B．考查副词及语境理解．句意：他只是偶尔睁开眼睛对我微笑．frequently频繁地；easily容易地；hardly几乎不；occasionally偶尔．由上下文可知，John已经病危，在生命最后的一段时间里，他非常地平静，只是偶尔睁眼对作者报以微笑，故选B ．13．A．考查动词及语境理解．句意：下午早些时候，医护人员进入病房，帮John洗了脸梳了头．washed洗；tied系；combed 梳；smelt闻．医护人员帮John洗了脸梳了头．故选A．14．C．考查动词短语及语境理解．句意：当她要离开病房的时候，触摸着他的头发对他说的话是"放手，安心地离去吧"．let go放手；pass away去世；come on 加油；go away离开．从后文可知，几分钟后，John就去世了，所以可得知医护人员对他说的话是"放手，安心地离去吧"．let go有放手、放开之意．其余选项均不符合上下文意思，故选C．15．D．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：作为护士看见了不计其数的死亡．priceless无价的；countless无数的；considerate 体贴的；constant持续的．John死后的二十年里，作者作为护士看见了不计其数的死亡，即countless．constant表示动作的持续，不符合文意，故选D．16．C．考查名词及语境理解．句意：我看到护士为了确保临死的患者可以走得安详舒坦，做了很多工作范围之外的事情．expectations期望；ability能力；qualifications合格；exception例外．作者的实习经历讲述了医护人员对患者的关心和照顾，所以此处应该是医护人员帮助患者，做了很多工作范围之外的事情，即超出了工作的预期，故选C．17．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：我看到护士为了确保临死的患者可以走得安详舒坦，做了很多工作范围之外的事情．pretend 假装；ensure确保；believe相信；assume 假设．医护人员做出超出工作预期的事情是为了确保临死的患者可以走得安详舒坦，故选D．18．B．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我还记得其他一些病人的脸庞，但是对John依旧记忆犹新． beautiful美丽的； scary恐怖的；pale苍白的； vivid生动的．此处描述的是作者对John的记忆，这么多年过去了，作者对John依旧记忆犹新，John的一切依旧历历在目．所以选vivid表示"生动清晰的"．前文中的beautiful是用来形容John的笑容，放在这里不合适，故选B．19．A．考查动词及语境理解．句意：他和照顾他的专业人员教会了我对待垂死患者的方式是一件非常重要的事情．bringing up抚养；looking for寻找； caring for照顾；cheering up使振奋．由作者对实习经历的描述可知医护人员对患者是进行照顾，即care for，故选A．20．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：对待垂死患者的方式是一件非常重要的事情．trains 训练；matters重要；influences影响；works工作．作者的实习经历教导了作者：医护人员对待垂死患者的方式是一件非常重要的事情，即matter表示"要紧、重要"，故选D．本文属于叙事说理文，讲述作者当护士的时候，遇见一个叫John 即将死亡的人，护士精心照顾他，使他能够走的安详平静，这也让作者领悟了：对待垂死患者的方式是一件非常重要的事情．近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．41.【答案】【小题1】to【小题2】its 【小题3】shows【小题4】are【小题5】where【小题6】creativity 【小题7】being read【小题8】published【小题9】naturally【小题10】has beencommitted【解析】（1）to．介词考查．《见字如面》这档电视节目正将这一保持联系的老方式带回到现代人的视野．bring…to…固定搭配．所以填to．（2）its．代词考查．《见字如面》其想法源于一档类似的英国节目Letters Live，该节目于2013年首播．故填its．（3）shows．考查上下文语篇理解，此处缺名词，feature为谓语动词，且有both修饰则应该填复数形式．所以填shows．（4）are．主谓一致就近原则考查．两档节目均无惊人的视觉效果或是常规的娱乐活动．所以填are．（5）where．连词考查．先行词在定语从句中充当状语．所以填where．（6）creativity．考查词性转换．例如，节目里有一封30年前著名画家黄永玉写给剧作家曹禺的充满激情的信件，批评他缺乏创造力．所以填creativity．（7）being read．非谓语动词考查．听信时，我们仿佛回到过去，身临其境．现在分词作hear的宾语补充说明，与下文中as if we are being sent back呼应表示正在被听．所以填being read．（8）published．非谓语动词考查．过去分词作定语修饰texts．表示与其他出版文字相比，信件中自然地流露出个人感触．所以填published．（9）naturally．副词考查．此处用副词修饰动词，naturally是副词"自然地"，所以填naturally．（10）has been committed．动词时态考查．《见字如面》从开播至今还致力于推广中国文学．由since可知此处应用现在完成时．所以填has been committed．本文为说明性记叙文，介绍电视节目《见字如面》．语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而。
2020年高考英语阅读理解试题之人物传记类(英语学习).doc
2020年高考英语阅读理解试题之人物传记类（英语学习）2020年高考英语阅读理解试题之人物传记类（一）（2011·山东高考）Arthur Miller （1915—2005）is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller‘s father had moved to the USA from Austria？？Hungary，drawn like so many others by the “Great American Dream”。
However，he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.Miller’s most famous play，Death of a Salesman，is a powerful attack on the American system，with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman，the hero of the play，we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel wor ld of business there is no room for sentiment：if he can‘t do the work，then he is no good to his employer，the Wagner Company，and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this，and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949，the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics’Circle Award，and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut，on the evening of February 10，2005，the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.1．Why did Arthur Miller‘s father move to the USA？A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.B. He was attracted by the “Great American Dream.”C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.D. His family business failed2．The play Death of a Salesman________.A. exposes the cruelty of the American business worldB. discusses the ways to get promoted in a companyC. talks about the business career of Arthur MillerD. focuses on the skills in doing business3．What can we learn about Willy Loman？A. He treats his employer badly.B. He runs the Wagner Company.C. He is a victim of the American system.D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.4．After it was first staged，Death of a Salesman________.A. achieved huge successB. won the first Tony AwardC. was warmly welcomed by salesmenD. was severely attacked by dramatists5．What is the text mainly about？A. Arthur Miller and his family.B. The awards Arthur Miller won.C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.D. Arthur Miller and his best？？known play.答案与解析1．B细节理解题。
2020年全国高考英语试题分类汇编：阅读之人物传记类
2020全国高考英语汇编阅读之人物传记类一（2020广东卷）ASamuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me ---I hear the notes and can bear them in mind---each and every note,” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.26.What is special about Samuel Osmond?A. He has a gift for writing music.B. He can write down the note he hears.C. He is a top student at the law school.D. He can play the musical piece he hears.27.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.28.Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _________.A.received a good early education in musicB.played the guitar and the piano perfectlyC.could play the piano without reading musicD.could play the guitar better than his father29.What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?A.He became famous during a special event at his college.B.He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.C.He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.D.He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.30.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.The Qualities of a MusicianB.The Story of a Musical TalentC.The Importance of Early EducationD.The Relationship between Memory and Music.【考点】考察人物传记类阅读【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位音乐天才的事情，在不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课的情况下就能够演奏很难的乐曲。
2020年陕西省高三下学期第十一次模考英语模拟试题word版有答案(已审阅)
陕师大附中高三年级第十一次模考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How much will the man pay for the tickets?A.£7.5.B.£15.C.£50.2.Which is the righ t gate for the man’s flight?A. Gate 16.B. Gate 22.C. Gate 25.3.How does the man feel about going to school by bike?A. Happy.B. Tired.C. Worried.4.When can the woman get the computers?A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C.On Thursday.5.What does the woman think of the shirt for the party?A.The size is not large enough.B.The material is not good.C.The color is not suitable.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项汇总选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每个小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What can we learn about Mr. Brown?A.He is in his office.B.He is at a meeting.C.He is out for a meal.7.What will the man probably do next?A.Call back.e again.C.Leave a message.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2020届高考英语一轮阅读理解热门话题针对训练-人物传记类(1)
人物传记类1、Dominique Crenn became the first woman in the U. S. to receive two Michelin stars, making herself a new star in the male-dominated restaurant world.In addition to her award-winning flagship restaurant Atelier Crenn, the San Francisco-based chef also operates a second restaurant, Petit Crenn, and a third, Bar Crenn."Both of my parents come from farming families in Brittany, France. I spent a lot of time on the farm during the holidays and was fascinated by the connection with the soil and earth. My dad's best friend was a food writer and critic, so I was very lucky to eat in beautiful Michelin-starred restaurants.""Food is a huge part of French culture, so my mom and my grandmother were both great cooks. My mother used to take me to the farmers' market every week. When we were cooking together, it was not about learning a recipe—it was about the story behind the recipe. She spent hours and hours in the kitchen, and I loved being there with her. But no one in my family did it professionally.""As a young girl, being a chef did not cross my mind—I wanted to conquer the world. I wanted to play with my brother. I wanted to be a famous photographer. Photography is all about catching a moment in time, telling stories and capturing emotions. Whal I'm doing now is basically the same thing except I'm painting on ihe plate."I never doubted myself when I opened my first restaurant. You've got to give 100% of yourself until you know you've done it. But it was still a struggle. I opened Atelier Crenn in 2011 , coming out of a time of crisis. But I had a vision and I had to try, and I made it rny mission to stay positive. Seven years later, I'm still here, and I'm expanding."My daughters love to cook, but more than that, I hope I provide them with an example of how to be kind, to be respectful, to be a good listener and to be a good leader."1.What can we know about Dominique Crenn?A.Her mother was a professional chef.B.Her third restaurant is in preparation now.C.She once wanted to be a photographer like her brother.D.She is the first woman in the U. S. to receive two Michelin stars.2.Which of the following can best describe Dominique Crenn?A.Strong-willed and confident.B.Kind-hearted and diligent.C.Easy-going and patient.D.Selfless and talented.3.How does Dominique Crenn describe cooking in Paragraph 5?A.By giving examples.B.By providing data.C.By stating arguments.D.By comparing.4.Where would the text most probably appear?A.A science journal.B.A cooking guide.C.A history book.D.An education magazine.2、When he was young, Louis Armstrong was taking what was called “Creole jazz”, which was also called dance music, and combining it with trumpeter(小号手) Buddy Bolden, to create what would eventually become today’s jazz.Armstrong accomplished this with almost no formal training. He received little training before he was placed in the New Orleans Colored Waif’s Home at the age of 12, after a run-in(小争执) with the police. The punishment turned out to be a mixed blessing, for he also had the opportunity to play in a real band.While at the Waif’s, Armstrong also got the chance to hear some of the city’s finest musicians. Cornetist Freddie Keppard performed in a nearby club. So didtrumpeter and bandleader King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.When Oliver left for Chicago, Armstrong chose to stay in New Orleans and work with some of the other top musicians of the day. In Chicago, King Oliver offered him a place in his band in 1922. It bec ame Armstrong’s biggest challenge yet —the band had no parts written for trumpet, so he was forced to listen to King Oliver and improvise(即兴创作).Soon, Armstrong’s undeniable talent was getting noticed. Even classically trained musicians would come to hear the incredible sounds this young man created.Lil Hardin, the band’s piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explained that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpet-chair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.Armstrong moved to New York City in 1924 to join Fletcher Henderson’s band and then flew solo. In 1925, Armstrong put together the Hot Five, expanding his popularity even more. Armstrong recorded his first composition, Cornet Chop Suey, one of the most copied jazz solos of all time. This monumental 1928 recording blends(混合) artistry, endurance and showmanship that has rarely, if ever, been matched in jazz.1.What does the underlined word “this” refer to in the second paragraph?A.To play dance music.B.To work with Buddy Bolden.C.To play a jazz instrument well.D.To create modern jazz music.2.Who taught Louis Armstrong how to play music in the early time?A.Buddy BoldenB.Lil Hardin.C.King Joe Oliver.D.Cornetist Freddie Keppard.3.Why did Louis Armstron g Leave King Oliver’s band?A.Because he wanted to get married in New York.B.Because his talent could not develop completely.C.Because he got a better opportunity in New York.D.Because the man forced him to leave the band.4.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.It asks readers to know more about modern jazz.B.It introduces one of the greatest jazz musicians.C.It introduces the development of jazz.D.It describes the importance of talent in playing jazz.3、Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfather's ships. Today, Fabien follows in his family's footsteps footsteps to protect the planet's endangered ocean life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000-2002, he created a TV special called Attack of the Mystery Shark based on the shark attacks that occurred along the New Jersey shoreline in the summer of 1916. Then in 2003-2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine (潜艇) that enabled him to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misunderstood creatures.For the next four years (2006-2010), Fabien was part of a series called, Ocean Adventures, which offered a rare look into some of the most fantastic ocean species (物种) and environments.In 2010, Fabien started Plant A Fish, a nonprofit project for children to help restore local water ecosystems by replanting key ocean species. Save the world, one fish at a time. The project is still in progress now and its final goal is to plant 1 billion “fish” worldwide.From June 1 to July 2, 2014, Fabien and his team spent 31 days underwater to research how climate change and pollution are affecting the oceans. Fabien's Mission 31 brokenew ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath.Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.1.What does the underlined expression “follows in his family's footsteps” probably mean?A.Changes his family's condition.B.Continues his family's career.C.Abandons his family members.D.Works in his family's company.2.How is Paragraph 2 developed?A.By providing facts.B.By offering analyses.C.By making comparisons.D.By drawing conclusions.3.We can learn from the text that ________.A.Fabien's “Plant A Fish” project has already achieved its final goalB.Fabien's Mission 31 broke the records of former ocean explorationsC.Fabien's TV special about sharks is based on his childhood experiencesD.it took Fabien four years to produce Ocean Adventures all on his own4.In which part of a website can we read the text?A.Modern Technology.B.Space Exploration.C.Outstanding Figures.D.Fantastic Wildlife.4、The world’s richest man might seem to have it all,but Bill Gates has one regret.The self-made billionaire said he felt stupid for not knowing any foreign languages.Speaking in his third Ask Me Anything question-and-answer session for online forum Reddit(红迪网),the Microsoft founder said that he wished he spoke French,Arabic or Chinese.He said:“I took Latin and Greek in high school and got A's and I guess it helps my vocabulary.I keep hoping to get time to study one of these—probably French because it is the easiest.I did Duolingo for a while but didn’t keep it up.”Gates,who is worth $79.3 billion,praised Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg for surprising an audience in Beijing when he spoke fluent Chinese.“Mark Zuckerberg amazingly leamed Chinese and did a Q&A with Chinese students—unbelievable,isn’t it?”he said.This isn’t the first time for Gates to admit his regret over language.He also showed his habits at home and personal insights.Last February, Gates said he likes to do the dishes himself—to his own special standards every night and also told the interviewer that hiswife,Melinda,would likely want Samuel L.Jackson to play her husband in a biopic(传记片).He also admitted that he would pick up a $100 bill if he found it on the street.As he took the top spot on Forbes(福布斯)28th Annual Billionaires list last year for the fourth time,he said he is pretty basic when it comes to so ending on clothes and food,but that he enjoys investing in shoes and racquets(球拍) when he plays tennis.When asked a life lesson he had to learn the hard way,the billionaire said staying up too late is a habit he is still trying to break.‘‘Don’t stay up too late even if the book is really exciting.You will regret it in the morning.Pam still working on this problem,”he said.1.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.An Interview withB.How Bill Gates SucceededC.Bill Gates' RegretD.The Richest Billionaire2.The underlined part in Paragraph 8 may actually mean that ________.A.it is important to lay a good foundation of lifeB.food and clothing are basic needs for people's lifeC.he doesn't spend much money on food and clothesD.he never cares about buying food and clothing3.What advice did Bill Gates give?A.Avoid staying up too late.B.Be a good language learner.C.Do the dishes yourself at home.D.Pick up the $100 bills in the streets.4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Bill Gates is also the founder of Facebook.B.Bill Gates topped the list of Forbes 28 times.C.Bill Gates was good at learning languages in high school.D.Bill Gates' wife wants Samuel to play a game with Gates.5、You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860—1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907—1964)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might no t exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O’Connor(1930—present)When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员)and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913—2005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.1.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.B.Her teaching skills.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.2.What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her little work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial conditions.3.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A.Jane Addams.B.Rachel Carson.C.Sandra Day O’Connor.D.Rosa Parks.4.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A.They are highly educated.B.They are truly creative.C.They are pioneers(先锋,先驱).D.They are peace-lovers.6、Kong Zi, also called Confucius(551 —479 B.C. ), and Socrates(469—399 B.C. ) lived only a hundred years apart. During their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas, and how these ideas in turn, shaped their societies.Neither philosopher lived in times of peaces though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical(激进的) than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went on to government service.Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life. "Do not do to others w hat you would not want others to do to you.” He assumed that all men were equal at birth,though some had more potential(潜能) than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart.Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom.He believed that some individuals had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的) classes.For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, however,the family was the centre of society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?A.Socrates and Confucius had much in common.B.Confucius had much influence on Socrates' ideas.C.The societies were influenced by the philosophers’ ideas.D.There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece.2.Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that _________.A.all men were equal when they were bornB.the lower classes should be ruled by the upper classC.the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdomD.people should not ask others to do what they did not want to3.What made some people different from others according to Confucius?A.Family.B.Potential.C.Knowledge.munity.4.This passage is organized in the pattern of _______.A.time and eventsparison and contrastC.cause and effectD.definition and classification答案1、1.D; 2.A; 3.D; 4.B解析： 1.细节理解题。
2020届高考英语一轮复习专题十一细节理解教师用书(PDF,含解析)
江苏高考英语阅读理解分别考查学生细节 理解能力、推理判断能力、归纳主旨大意能 力、语义猜测能力。 １．细节理解题。
此题型考查考生根据文章所提供的信息 选择合理选项的能力。 ２．推理判断题。 此题型主要要求考生根据文章的信息进 行分析、综合、归纳及逻辑推理从而得出 正确答案。 这是阅读理解题中难度较大 的一类，答案不是文章直接给出的，该类 题最能考查学生的英语综合运用能力和 逻辑思维能力。 ３．主旨大意题。 此题型主要考查考生在理解全文后归纳 文章或段落要点、概括中心思想的能力。 ４．语义猜测题。 此题型主 要 要 求 考 生 通 过 阅 读 上 下 文、
专题十一
细节理解
专题十一 细节理解 ８ １
一、细节理解类题目常见的设问方式 １．Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｐａｓｓａｇｅ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｉｓ ｔｒｕｅ ／
ｆａｌｓｅ ／ ｍｅｎｔｉｏｎｅｄ？ ２．Ｗｈａｔ ｉｓ ｔｈｅ ｒｉｇｈｔ ｏｒｄｅｒ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｅｖｅｎｔｓ ｇｉｖｅｎ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｐａｓｓａｇｅ？ ３．Ａｌｌ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｓｔａｔｅｍｅｎｔｓ ｍａｙ ｂｅ ｔｒｕｅ ／ ｆａｌｓｅ ｅｘｃｅｐｔ．．． ４．Ｗｈｅｎ ／ Ｗｈｅｒｅ ／ Ｈｏｗ ／ Ｗｈｏ ／ Ｗｈｙ．．．？ 二、细节理解类题目的解题方法 １．跳读查找法 这个方法的要点在于先看题干，抓住题干中的有效定位
结合考生应有的常识、已知的信息，选出 最能表达 语 篇 中 画 线 的 单 词、 短 语 或 句 子在此文本中的意思的选项。
０２ 命题规律
１．从近几年 江 苏 高 考 的 试 题 来 看， 细 节 理 解题题目由简单的寻找信息转向综合考 查多层次细节推理。 因此考生除了要能 根据题目 要 求 进 行 语 篇 阅 读， 并 完 成 规 定的任务，还应具备运用如略读、跳读等 阅读策略 找 出 所 需 细 节 的 能 力， 更 要 培 养定位信息、分析信息、转换信息等逻辑 思维推断能力。
2014-2020年高考英语真题分类训练 专题13 阅读理解之人物传记、故事类(教师版含解析)
2020年高考英语题组1.(2020年，天津卷，第一次高考)One of the most stressful days of Susan McFrederick’s life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011.But after the operation, Susan burst into tears for a different reason: across the cut on their newborn sons back was a sweet winter scene, hand-drawn on his bandages(绷带).“There were rolling hills of snow, a pine tree and a snowman with a hat and broom, she recalled. It was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my family. It was a moment I'll never forget.”Susan soon learned the artist was her sons surgeon, Robert Parry, who discovered another way to use his hands in the mid-1980 s during his internship(实习期)at children's medical center. where he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate children’s bandages.“My first reaction was, 'What is he doing? Hey, that’s kind of neat,’ ” Parry recalled. “I especially liked the reactions of the parents and the patients when they saw his artwork. The smiles took everyone's attention from the surgery. Then I decided to follow suit.”Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharks, and started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients' personalities. From Snoopy to Spider-Man and bears to butterflies, there isn’t much he hasn’t drawn. Most kids want superheroes sports team logos or princesses, while babies often receive scenes with flowers trees and sea creatures During the last 30 years, Parry estimates he has left examples of his handiwork over the stitches(伤口缝线) of more than 10, 000 children.“During a time of stress for families, it's nice to be able to help them smile and laugh," Parry said. This is something positive that I can do for them, which is what I like most about it.”For Parry, the reward is kno wing he hopefully made a difference in a child’s life, and except for his drawingson bandages, they can go on and live their lives and never know I was in it.” he said.He's not ready to retire, but he's found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come.“I've taken up knitting(编织),” Parry said. “Hats, sweaters, gloves---I enjoy it all. But mostly, I enjoy giving everything away.”1.Susan burst into tears after her baby's operation because she was__________.A.movedB.amusedC.stressedD.heartbroken2.How did Parry get the idea of decorating children's bandages?A.He was motivated by his patients.B.He was inspired by his colleague.C.He was required to learn the skill during his internship.D.He was encouraged by Susan to show his genius for art.3.Parry's artworks during the last 30 years show that he__________.A.devoted himself more to art than to medicine.B.knew more about his patients than their parents.C.took into consideration the tastes of individual patients.D.created a large number of works beyond his expectations.4.What does Parry expect to achieve with his artworks?A.To get a reward from the artistic circle.B.To win the admiration of his colleagues.C.To make a difference in his dull medical career.D.To lift the spirits of his patients and their parents.5.What can we learn about Parry from the last two paragraphs of the passage?A.He is eager to show others his new skills.B.He enjoys trying new ways to help others.C.He is looking forward to life after retirement.D.He is more interested in knitting than drawing.【答案】1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.B【解析】本文是记叙文。
2020年广东省佛山市高考英语模拟试卷解析版
高考英语模拟试卷（一）题号I II III IV V VI 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AThe Worlds' Best Bookshops There's nothing like being surrounded by books，wherever you are．Here are the finest oases of literature that travellers can bring you．Daikanyama T-site | TokyoIt is well worth visiting even if just to admire the building's beautiful，crisscrossed architecture．Once you've had your fill of roaming three floors' worth of bookshelves，there's the bar，the coffee shop，or even the video rental space to give you more reason to stay just that little bit longer．Grab a book，order a beer and dive into its pages．I could have stayed hours here．City Lights | San FranciscoThe three-storey establishment publishes and sells titles in poetry，fiction，translation，politics，history and the arts．It hosts events and readings，and runs a non-profit of the same name that aims to promote diversity of voices and ideas in literature．It's opposite Vesuvio，a bar frequented by Kerouac and other Beat-generation writers and artists．Shakespeare and Company | ParisI made a special trip to the Left Bank for this one when I was in Paris．It has two floors packed with English-language texts，and I was particularly struck by any spare wall space devoted to notes from visitors - heartfelt messages to a loved one，dedications to the shop itself，or a quote from a favourite author or philosopher．Hutatma Chowk | MumbaiA few years ago I visited India，investigating Rudyard Kipling's connections with the country．I spotted a cheap copy of The Jungle Book on one of the tarp-covered book stalls at Hutatma Chowk （Martyrs' Square）．The booksellers here are like amateur librarians，able to lay their hands on almost any title you ask for．To me，those well-thumbed （翻旧了的）books spoke volumes about the changes of Mumbai's readers in the 150 years since the city gave us Kipling．1.In which bookshop can you buy a drink while visiting______A. Daikanyama T-siteB. City LightsC. Shakespeare and CompanyD. Hutatma Chowk2.What can be learned about the book stalls at Hutatma Chowk______A. People can meet Rudyard Kipling there．B. They sell the cheapest books in the world．C. The book owners are amateur librarians．D. The sellers are familiar with the books．3.What do the four bookstores have in common______A. They are beautifully designed．B. They are three-storey buildings．C. They offer book lovers good experience．D. They are frequently visited by great writers．Howard Weistling wanted to be a comic strip （连环漫画）artist．But when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor，he joined the Army．After flight engineer training，Howard was shipped off to Europe．On his maiden flight，his plane was shot down over Austria．The entire crew of eight men landed safely．But a farmer found Howard hiding in his barn and turned him over to a prison of war camp in Barth，Germany．It was freezing and the men almost starved to death eating the guards' garbage．Hungry and homesick Howard coped the only way he knew how．He drew a comic strip．The book，made of cigarette wrappers bound together with scrap metal，was sent around the camp．Every couple of days he would add a new panel．One panel at a time would be passed around the whole camp．And they'd have something to look forward to．After an entire year of this，they woke one morning to find their guards gone．They fled and Howard finally got to go home．Just lucky to get out alive，he left the book behind．Back home in California，Howard soon had a wife and kids to feed so he had to set aside his dream of becoming an artist．He took a job as a gardener instead．Morgan shared his father's artistic gifts．At 15 his parents sent him to art school．And Howard got to see his son become a well-known painter before he died in 2002．That's how，seven decades after the war，when a stranger in New York googled the name "Weistling，" he found Morgan online．"I get an email from a gentleman and he says，‘ I think I may have some drawings your father did when he was a POW （prisoner of war）in World War II，'" Morgan recalls．"‘Would you like them' And I just stared at that email and started crying．"Luckily Howard had engraved his name on the comic book，which is how the man from New York City had connected with Morgan． A couple of days later when it arrived in California，Morgan couldn't believe it．"It was like getting my father back，" Morgan says．"It was like him being able to tell me the story over again - only this time it was real in my hands．"4.The passage details Howard's life as a POW to show that ______ ．A. war cannot stop his pursuit of successB. passion for art helped ease his sufferingsC. loss of freedom encouraged his creativityD. misery drives him to fight against his fate5.What can we infer about Howard's comic strip in prison______A. It satisfied prisoners' curiosity．B. It aroused the guards' sympathy．C. It was popular among the prisoners．D. It raised prisoners' confidence in freedom．6.What contributes to the stranger's success in finding Morgan______A. The email from a gentleman．B. Howard's experience in the war．C. Morgan's recalling of his father．D. Morgan's status in the field of art．7.What can we infer about Morgan from the last paragraph______A. He didn't believe the stranger's story．B. He was excited to get the comic strip．C. He couldn't wait to tell others his good news．D. He hadn't heard about his father's war stories．Your brain isn't necessarily the same age as the rest of you．Now，it may be possible to predict how quickly a person's brain will age throughout life based on tests taken when he orshe is three years old．A person's biological age may be a better indicator of their health than their real age．Brain age can be measured using brain scans and machine-learning to determine if a person's brain looks older or younger than the average healthy brain for people of the same age．To find out if brain age might reveal anything about a person's health in midlife，Max Elliott at Duke University in North Carolina and his colleagues assessed the brains of 869 adults in New Zealand who have undergone regular medical and cognitive （认知的）testing since they were 3 years old．When the volunteers，all aged between 43 and 46，underwent MRI brain scans，the team found that their brain ages ranged from 23 to 71．Those with older brain ages performed worse on tests of cognition，memory and IQ．The researchers also found that some people have a very advanced brain age but their bodies seem to be ageing slowly，and vice versa （反之亦然）．However，the team found that those who had the highest scores on cognitive tests when they were 3 years old went on to have the youngest-looking brains．This suggests we might be able to tell who is at risk of accelerated brain ageing early in life．Researchers hope that predicting brain ageing earlier in life could allow treatments for conditions like dementia （痴呆）to be started sooner．This means treatments might have a better chance of working．We don't yet have a way to treat brain ageing，but given the known benefits to the brain of healthy eating and exercise，these aren't a bad place to start．8.What helps predict the speed of one's brain ageing______A. One's health condition．B. A test result at the age of 3．C. The actual age of one's brain．D. A machine for medical check．9.What is the purpose of Elliott's research______A. To find out why people look older or younger．B. To measure people's brain age at different stages．C. To discover whether brain age can be measured by machines．D. To explore the relationship between brain age and future health．10.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about______A. The influence of cognitive tests．B. The procedure of Elliott's study．C. The information about volunteers．D. The findings of the brain research．11.What do the findings of the research imply______A. We should test our brain age earliest possible．B. People suffering dementia can go on working．C. Brain ageing could be predicted at an early age．D. Healthy eating and exercise can cure brain ageing．DOne of the most popular beliefs in parenting is the so-called Mozart effect，which says that listening to music by the Austrian composer Wolfgang Mozart can increase a child'sintelligence．Some pregnant women have even gone so far as to play Mozart recordings on headphones pressed against their bellies．And it's not hard to see how Mozart's name became associated with accelerated development．He was history's greatest child genius，performing astonishing music for kings and queens at an age when many of us were content with tuneless singing "I'm a Little Teapot"．So，if you have kids or you're expecting to have them，how seriously should you take the Mozart effect？Will the child who doesn't listen to Mozart in the cradle （摇篮）be limited to an ordinary life Are you a bad parent if your kids don't know about any works ofMozart？Relax．There is no scientific evidence that listening to Mozart improves children's cognitive abilities．The whole idea comes from a small study done in 1993，which found that college students who listened to Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major （K 448）showed some improvement in a test of spatial （空间的）skills．This finding was later described as something extremely amazing by a musician，Don Campbell，in a book．Campbell's claims about the super powers of Mozart's music were repeated endlessly in the media and fueled a craze for Mozart-based enrichment activities．In 1998，for example，the governor of Georgia in the USA requested funds to send classical-music CDs to all parents of newborns in the state．Since then，scientists have examined the claim that Mozart increases intelligence and found no evidence for it．The original experiment with college students was reviewed in 1999，and the increase in the students' spatial skills was found to be negligible．In 2007 the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research asked a team of experts to examine the scientific literature regarding Mozart and child development，and they found no reason to believe that it increased intelligence．12.People relate Mozart to children's intelligence development because he ______ ．A. owned extraordinary music talentB. could perform music as a childC. offered music to pregnant womenD. was an royal Austrian composer13.What can we know about the small study in 1993？______A. It added to the popularity of Mozart's music．B. It found no evidence for supporting Mozart effect．C. It helped college students make academic progress．D. It urged Georgia's governor to spread classical music．14.What does the underlined word "negligible" probably mean？______A. Sudden．B. Insignificant．C. Average．D. Steady．15.What can be the best title for the text？______A. New Findings：Mozart Effect to Be ProvedB. Secrets Uncovered：History of Mozart EffectC. Does Listening to Mozart Make Kids SmarterD. How Does Mozart Improve Kids' Intelligence？二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Your comfort zone is a behavioral space where your activities and behaviors fit a routine and pattern that minimizes stress and risk．(1) You benefit in obvious ways：regular happiness，low anxiety，and reduced stress．Leaving your comfort zone can have very positive results，though．For one thing，you'll surely be more productive if you're willing to move out of it．With the sense of unease that comes from having deadlines and expectations，you'll have the drive and ambition to do moreand learn new things．(2) For another，learning to live outside your comfort zone can prepare you for life changes that force you out of it．Fear and uncertainty always exist in our life．By challenging yourself to things you normally wouldn't do，you can experience some of that uncertainty in a controlled and manageable environment．While outside your comfort zone can be a good place to be，(3) ．You can start by doing everyday things differently．For example，you can take a different route to work or try a new restaurant．Besides，you should remember to break out in small steps．You get the same benefits whether you go with long strides （大步）or you start slow．If you're socially anxious，don't suppose you have to gather the courage to ask your crush （爱慕之人）on a date right away．(4) Identify your fears，and then face them step by step．Trying new things is difficult，so it's important to understand how habits form and how we can break them．(5)A．It provides a state of mental security．B．it's of great necessity to find ways to break out of itC．it's a pleasant experience to stay in the comfort zoneD．You have to manage that stress and risk in a clever way．E．Just say hello to them and see where you can go from there．F．That means you will get more done and find smarter ways to work．G．And it's as important to press yourself out of your comfort zone by doing specific things．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Two Texas football players have gone viral （走红）after they knelt together in prayer（祈祷）．And it couldn't have come at a more(21)moment．The final whistle sounded after a （n）(22) game that saw Sherman High School completely defeat West Mesquite High56-55．What happened next left the crowd (23)：Sherman's Gage Smith，instead of(24)with his team，went over to Mesquite's Ty Jordan and the two took a knee together．The (25)was that Smith recently learned that Jordan's mother，Tiffany，was battling stage 4 cancer，and that was (26)the two players knelt in prayer for Jordon's family．As the two(27)，the wife of Smith's coach snapped a picture of the heartwarming moment．And then Jordan's aunt (28)the image on Facebook，obtaining more than 100，000(29)in just an hour．The moving(30)made Tiffany cry．It's been a hard time for Tiffany，who was diagnosed （诊断）with lung and bone cancer last winter．The(31)hospital stays cost Tiffany her job earlier this month，and(32)，her health insurance．And she now has to(33)the high cost of treatments herself．Smith's(34)prayer lifted her spirits．Smith said he and Jordan had played on a summer football team together before becoming(35) this last game．However，Smith won't let this break their(36)．"During the game，we'regonna play and try to (37)，but you still have that (38)for the other opponent，" says Smith．"I wanted to do that prayer for him．""He's such a true leader and he is so(39)that a lot of the guys on the team(40)him，" said head coach J．D．Martinez．"I'm glad that other people are having the opportunity to see it，too．"21. A. important B. difficult C. touching D. entertaining22. A. amusing B. tough C. educational D. nation-wide23. A. embarrassed B. confused C. frustrated D. annoyed24. A. celebrating B. praying C. practicing D. fighting25. A. truth B. problem C. news D. secret26. A. when B. where C. how D. why27. A. whispered B. hugged C. shook hands D. stood up28. A. posted B. found C. scanned D. polished29. A. rewards B. copies C. votes D. likes30. A. game B. reunion C. gesture D. spirit31. A. temporary B. over-night C. long D. secret32. A. in turn B. in a wayC. for a momentD. without exception33. A. look forward to B. forget aboutC. coverD. estimate34. A. frequent B. daily C. unexpected D. unconditional35. A. acquaintances B. enemies C. players D. captains36. A. hearts B. routines C. promise D. bond37. A. compromise B. cooperate C. learn D. win38. A. respect B. passion C. blame D. sorrow39. A. enthusiastic B. ambitious C. aggressive D. sympathetic40. A. inspired B. followed C. instructed D. understood四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Are boys really better at math than girls No，that doesn't seem (1) （rely）．That's according to new research by Jessica Cantlon， a professor and neuroscientist of Carnegie Mellon University，and her colleagues．(2) （scientist）looked at young boys' and girls' brains，and found no difference in mathematical ability．Their new paper，(3) （publish）in the journal Science of Learning，suggests that society is to blame (4)the mistaken idea that girls aren't good at numbers．Cantlon and her colleagues used an MRI machine (5) （examine）105 kids' brains while the kids watched an educational video．(6) found that the kids' brains showed no major differences during the experiment．This report (7) （base）on a previous study in 2018，which looked at the test performance data of 500 boys and girls．The 2018 paper found no difference in their earlymathematical ability，(8) （suggest）that boys and girls are equally equipped to reason about mathematics during early childhood．Cantlon hopes that people will stop being so sexist （性别歧视的）about little girls and calculators．" (9) （hope），we can change expectations of (10) children can achieve in mathematics，" she says．五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
2020年北京市十一学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案
2020年北京市十一学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's time to put your two-wheeler to good use on these fun bike paths — each varying in distance and difficulty. Just choose one fit for you.• Paulinskill Valley TrailCheck out Paulinskill Valley Trail, filled with forests, wetlands, and small townsalong this 25- mile route. While the trail is mostly flat, you can do a quick ride. You're likely to catch sight of beautiful birds, considering more than 100 species find a home in the land near the path. Check out the trail in the fall - prime time for pretty sights.•AlaHele MakalaeOn theislandofKaui, you'll find a bike path with lots of beachy views that'll leave you feeling accomplished yet calm. The name translates to “The Path that Goes By Coast,” and, as you might guess, the seven-mile path hugs the shoreline. Start early enough and you'll witness an incredible sunrise to make it even more amazing,• TheCheaha RouteThis ride covers up to 126 miles, with steep climbs and extreme downhills along the way. So prepare for a thrilling ride - one that’s not necessarily for the inexperienced or those looking for an easy, casual ride. Along the route, you'll pedal through five towns. The journey is worth it, though, because you get some of the most scenic views in the state.• The Whitefish TrailFamous for its countless route options, whether you’re a new biker looking for smooth tracks or you have more experience and want to play around on rocky, more technical land, this bike path brings in lots of visitors. The 43-mile route offers beautiful green scenery. Around every comer, you’ll see a new jaw-dropping landscape, from glassy lakes to green mountains.1. When is the best time to visit Paulinskill Valley Trail?A. In Autumn.B. All year round.C. On early mornings.D. On sunny days.2. Which route is not fit for someone new to cycling?A. The Whitefish Trail.B. Ala Hele Makalae.C. Paulinskill Valley Trail.D. TheCheaha Route.3. What's the common feature of the four routes?A. They are full of challenges.B. Various route options are offered.C. They have beautiful scenery.D. Different species can be found there.BWhether for a special holiday, as a way of showing gratitude or just a way of letting someone know you care, gift giving is a universal custom Though the purpose may be similar from place to place, traditions vary widely from one country to the next. A behavior that shows respect in one place might be consideredoffensivesomewhere else. Take a look at unique gifting traditions from around the world.Here in theUS, a set of kitchen knives seems like the perfect gift idea for a wedding. However, in certain European countries likeGermany, people believe that a knife presented as a gift will cut off your friendship. There is a way to break it: Tie a coin to the knife or gift box. The receiver then returns the coin to you as a “payment”to remove the bad luck.There's a well-known Italian wedding tradition where the groom's (新郎) tie is cut into a number of tiny pieces. Wedding guests can then "buy” these tie pieces in exchange for cash. It's a fun way to give money to the new couple thatleaves guests with a wedding souvenir.As left hands are considered unclean in Indian culture, behaviors such as touching, passing money, or giving gifts are to be done with the right hand. Different from some other cultures , an odd number (奇数) of thingsor currency represents good luck. For example, £11 should be given rather than £10.InZimbabwe, it is common to directly ask for a gift. When you receive a gift without asking for it, even if the giver's family is poor, it's the worst way to reject the offering. Also, expressing thanks with actions is better than giving thanks orally (口头地).These may include jumping up and down, dancing, or whistling.4. What does the underlined word “offensive“ in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Rude.B. Creative.C. Suitable.D. Caring.5. How do people prevent friendship breaking down when giving gifts like knives?A. The guests cut the groom's tie into pieces.B. The receiver returns the coin to the giver.C. The giver gives gifts with the right hand.D. The receiver expresses thanks by dancing.6. What can we learn about the gift giving inZimbabwe?A. It is not proper to ask for a gift directly.B. It's better to reject a gift from a poor family.C. One can express thanks by writing letters.D. Showing gratitude with actions is better than words.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. The Wayof Showing GratitudeB. A Fun Behavior to Respect PeopleC. Various Gift Giving TraditionsD. A Special Custom of Gift GivingCAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’ s desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now, but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say. Do not spend too much, live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one’ s money.People often think like this — one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow’ s plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren’ t they? I say travel but don’ t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future. Life is for the living, so live it sensibly.8. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can’t buy everything.9. What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to10. Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A. To enjoy yourself in the right time.B. To wait to travel until we have enough money.C. To go backpacking in our 50s.D. To live for the future.11. What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A. We should save all for rainy days.B. We should fulfill our dreams.C. We should entertain ourselves.D. We should live the present wisely.DTyphoons can be deadly — in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan, the strongest ever recorded, was responsible for 6,340 deaths—and cost billions in damages. Current forecast modelscan only predict these storms 10 days in advance, at most, and they cannot precisely predict how intense the storms will become.An international team of researchers has developed a model that analyzes nearly a quarter of Earth’s surface and atmosphere in order to better predict the conditions that birth typoons.“The target problem of this study is how to foretell the birth of typhoons,” said paper author Mingkui Li, associate professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography in the Ocean University of China and the Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM). “We specifically address three aspects: the beginning time, inner pressure and maximum wind speed.”The researchers also accounted for the influence of one variable(变量) on another, such as wind speed on sea surface temperature. This influence is well understood and accounted for in climate predictions and in weather forecasts, butithas not been fully applied in understanding how long-term climate affects day-to-dayweather, according to Li. “We aimed to provide insights on the time scale that can be used to forecast typhoons in advance.”From their study, the researchers determined that a model with the ability to better understand the relationship between warm sea surface temperatures and weak wind movement— conditions that favor typhoon formation—could improve typhoon predictability.“Our goal is to develop a 10 to 30-day prediction system that will lead to seamless(无缝的) weather-climate predictions.” Shaoqing Zhang, paper author and professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, said.12. What is the problem with the present forecast system?A. It cannot foretell storms in advance.B. It is ineffective in accuracy and timeliness.C. It costs too much and causes great damages.D. It can hardly predict the intensity of typhoons.13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. The variable.B. The climateC. The temperature.D. The influence.14. What is the purpose of the study?A. To advance the prediction system.B. To figure out the three main aspects.C. To know how climate affects daily weather.D. To understand the influence of the variables.15. Where is this text most likely from?A. Awork diary.B. A travel guidebook.C. A science magazine.D. A fantasy fiction.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年高考英语阅读理解模拟训练及答案
2020年高考英语阅读理解模拟训练【名师精选试题，值得下载练习】阅读理解ALeonardo da Vinci's mother may have been a Chinese slave according to a new research by an Italian historian and novelist-Angelo Paratico, who has spent the last 20 years living and working in Hong Kong，researching the links between his homeland and China over the past half century.Mr. Paratico said the documents he has uncovered during two years of research form the basis of his latest book Leonardo Da Vinci, a Chinese scholar lost in Renaissance (文艺复兴) Italy. The book, which is due to be published next year, uncovers evidence that there's a link between Da Vinci and the Far Fast.Speaking to the South China Morning Post, Mr. Paratico said, “I am sure that Leonardo's mother was from the East, but to make her a Chinese, we need to use a deductive method (演绎法).One wealthy client of Leonardo's father had a slave called Caterina. After Leonardo's date of birth, she disappeared from the documents. She was no longer working there.”It is believed that his mother was called Caterina, who, according to some reports, was a local peasant. But Mr. Paratico's new work claims it is most likely that Da Vinci's mother was a slave.Supporting his theory, he said, "During the Renaissance, countries like Italy and Spain were full of slaves from the East.”He claimed that there were certain aspects of Da Vinci's life and works which suggest a Chinese link. For instance, he was writing with his left hand from left to right and he was also a vegetarian, which was not common. Mona Lisa is probably a portrait of his mother, as Sigmund Freud said in 1910. On the back of Mona Lisa,there is a Chinese landscape and even her face looks Chinese.Mr. Paratico said he believes the only way to solve the mystery is to dig out some of Da Vinci's relations in Florence and extract some DNA.1．Mr. Paratico has stayed in Hong Kong for 20 years to_________.A.study Da Vinci's motherB.explore the connection of Italy and ChinaC.find Da Vinci's mother is a slaveD.research China and Mona Lisa2．What is Mr. Paratico's latest book based on？A.His work in Hong Kong.B.His living experience.C.His final visit to Italy.D.His research findings.3．Which aspect may suggest there is a link between Da Vinci and Chinese？A.His eating habit.B.His ways of drawing.C.His mother's portrait.D.His father's friend.4．We can infer from the passage that Da Vinci's mother_________.A.was a slave of Leonardo's fatherB.quit working after her marriageC.may be the model of Mona LisaD.was buried in Florence after deathBSomething that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is，not surprisingly，his sense of humor. As far as I can tell，he's the first American President to have one．That's because the term“sense of humor” really wasn't in common usage until the eighteen-sixties and seventies．In the eighteen-forties and fifties，it was called“thesense of the ridiculous," and didn't have the positive connotations（隐含意义）that“sense of humor" has today. Back then，what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule（讥笑）．Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand．Of course，they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well．Lincoln’s humor was very different because，for one thing，it was actually "humor＂as what the word meant in his time. We don't make the distinction between "wit（风趣）”and "humor”anymore, but in the nineteenth century people did．Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic．It’s the difference we note now when we distinguish between "laughing with”and“laughing at．”Lincoln was much more about "laughing with”than"laughing at．”And when“laughing at,”it was often himself he was teasing.In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debates，when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced，Lincoln replied，referencing his plain looking，“Honestly，if I were two-faced，would I be showing you this one？”And，in a way，Lincoln's face itself tells us much about his sense of humor．You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians，soldiers，and the like from Lincoln's time and not find a single smile．True, the long exposures（曝光）required for photographs of that time made smilingdifficult．Yet Lincoln alone，as far as I can tell，overcame that difficulty.Interestingly ．while having a sense of humor，or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers ,has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time，in the nineteenth century，too much humor was considered a problem. And that was the case for Lincoln．A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debates commented that“I could not take a real personal liking to the man，owing to an inborn weakness…that he was extremely fond of jokes，anecdotes，and stories．”5．We can infer from Paragraph 2 that＿＿A ．the American President could influence the use of EnglishB ．the term "sense of humor”wasn't invented until the 1860sC ．what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone elseD ．the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time 6．The underlined words“this one”in Paragraph 4 refer to＿＿．A. Lincoln's unattractive faceB. Lincoln's sense of humorC.debate they were havingD.cruelty that went with funniness7. We rarely see people from Lincoln's time wear smiles in their photosbecause ．A. being humorous was considered inappropriateB. they found it quite funny to smile before cameraC. not smiling for photographs was the fashionD. photography technology then was not advanced8．What might the writer think of the journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debates？A. His comment accurately reflected his time，B. He created a false picture of Lincoln．C. He was prejudiced and self-centered．D. He was brave to point out Lincoln's weakness．CSo bitter a dark winter day in 1942 was no different from any other day inthis concentration camp. I was almost dead, surviving from day to day, since I was brought here with thousands of other Jews. Each day, as more disappeared,the hungry past seemed like a mere dream, and I sank deeper and deeper into despair.Suddenly, I noticed a young girl, on the other side of the barbed wire, stopped and looked at me with sad eyes seeming to say that she understood. Then she reached into her pocket, and pulled out a red apple. She looked cautiously to the left and the right and then with smile of triumph quickly threwthe apple over the fence. I ran to pick it up, holding it in my trembling frozen fingers. Her eyes twinkled. In my world of death this apple was an expression oflife, of love.She came at the same time to the spot the next day. And again she brought me an apple flying it over the fence with that same sweet smile. For seven months we met like this. Sometimes we exchanged a few words, sometimes just an apple. But one d ay I could barely speak as I said what must be said: “Don' t bring me an apple tomorrow. I am being sent to another camp.” Turning before I lost all my control, I run away and I couldn't stand looking back.With months passing and nightmares continuing, the memory of this girl sustained me through the hopelessness. Over and over in my mind, I saw her face, her kind eyes, I heard her gentle words, I tasted those apples. And then the war ended and I was freed. I lost everything that was precious to me including my family.But I still had the memory of this girl, a memory I carried in my heart and gave me the will to go on as I moved to America to start a new life. In the New York City a friend convinced me to go_on_a_blind_date with a girl named Roma. Reluctantly, I agreed.“Where were you during the war？” Roma asked me gently.“I was in a concentration camp in Germany，” I replied.Roma got a faraway look in her eyes, as if she was remembering something bitter-sweet.“What is it？” I asked.Roma explained in a soft voice. “You see, when I was a young girl I lived near a concentration camp, where I used to visit a boy prisoner every day bringing him apples. I would throw the apple over the fence and he would be so happy.”Roma sighed heavily a nd continued, “It is hard to describe how we felt about each other—after all we were young and we only exchanged a few words—but I can tell there was much love there. But I cannot bear thinking that he was killed, and I try to remember him as he was for th ose months we were given together.”With my heart pounding so loudly, I looked directly at Roma and asked, “And did he tell you not to bring an apple tomorrow because he was sent to anothercamp？”“How on earth could you possibly know that？”I took h er hands in mine and answered, “Because I was that boy, Roma.”For many moments, there was only silence. We could not take our eyes from each other, behind which, as the veils of time lifted, we recognized the soul. Finally, I said, “Roma, I don' t ever wa nt to be separated from you again. Now Iam free, and I want to be together with you forever. Dear, will you marry me？”I saw the same twinkle in her eyes that I used to see as Roma said yes.On Valentine's Day, 1996, I brought Roma to the Oprah Winfrey Show because I wanted to tell her on this national program what I felt in my heart every day: “Darling, you fed me in the concentration camp when I was hungry. And I am still hungry, for something I will never get enough of: your love.”9. Which of the following can describe the feeling of the author when he recognized the girl?A. Bitter and grateful.B. Embarrassed but hopeful.C. Surprised and joyous.D. Depressed but determined.10. What can we conclude from the passage?A. A man can be destroyed but not defeated.B. War makes man grow up or sink down.C. Love frees us of all the weight and pain.D. Wait is bitter but its fruit is very sweet.11. What does the underlined phrase “go on a blind date” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. fall in loveB. have an appointmentC. get marriedD. attend a wedding party12. Which is the correct order of the following events?a. A girl stopped and looked at me with sad eyes as if she understood.b. I could barely speak because I was going to be sent to another camp.c. More people disappeared in the camp and I sank into further。
2020英语高考模拟题
2020 英语高考模拟题 （含答案 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给得A 、B 、C 与D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AThe following are some of history's most inspirational women remended byTherese Borchard 、Who Was Mother Teresa"! 166、00Born in Macedonia, Mot her Teresa (1910 —1997) taught at St 、 Mary's HighSchool, in Calcutta, India, but was forced to do something about the suffering andpoverty 、 In 1950 she founded the Missionaries of Charity 、 Although her devotion tothe poor is inspiring, it's her persistence (坚持不懈 )through years of doubt ? asrecorded in her private journals, that inspired me the mos 、t The Diary of a Young Girl655、 10In The Diary of a Young Girl, Anne Frank (1929—— 1945) documented her life inhiding from 1942 to 1944 during the German occupation of the Netherlands 、 She is arole model of honesty, strength, and hope for me — that even in the most miserablecircumstances, you can lead with lov 、eA Life of Discovery 6111、 10"Do one thing every day that scares you," wrote Eleanor Roosevelt (1884—1962)、 She had a lot to choose from, as her life was full of challenges 、 Eleanorinspires me to bravely deal with problems that matter to me, and to find her way throughlife's trials and hardships with gracefulness and determinatio 、n Story of My Life 632、 50A deaf-blind author from Alabama, Helen Keller (1880—1968) provides apowerful example of a woman through two major disabilities to achieve a meaningfullife 、 "We could never learn to be brave and patient if there were only joy in the world,"she said 、 Her attitude of hope and optimism inspires me to use my suffering to bee abetter and wiser person, to go beyond my pain into service of othe 、rs21、 Why does Therese Borchard remend Mother Teresa?A 、 She worked as a teacher for year 、sorganization 、 of doubt、 22、 What made Eleanor Roosevelt special?A 、 Facing challenges bravely 、B 、 She set up a charityC 、She D 、 She helped the poor in spiteB、Loving doing scary things、C、Having high intelligence、 D 、Continuing carrying outtrials、23、Which book should the disabled losing hope read?A 、Who Was Mother Teresa ?B、The Diary of a Young GirlC、 A Life of DiscoveryD、Story of My LifeBAs a kid, Joanna Buckley wasn't interested in science——until she had a chance to try it 、That happened when she got a chemistry set for Christma、s"Over the course of a few weeks, I'd pleted every experiment、But in the process, I polluted my parent's dining room carpet and burn t the kitchen work top with the spirit burner, " she says、Now science is Buckley's job 、She works in the chemistry department at the University of Sheffield in England 、"I realize, first-hand, how important it is to have something or someone to show you why science is so great," she sa、ysNow the good news is that citizen science appear、sCitizen science takes the fun of experimenting a step further than Buckley's at-home chemistry kit、That's because these experiments are real, looking for novel answers、"pared with a one-off experiment, what's cool about citizen science is that students get that this has a purpose," Prunuske sa、ys"Students want to do a good job, because they know scientists are going to use the new data in their own resea、rch”Long agrees、"Kids like that it's real、And they like that it's important, that it matters、" Citizen-science projects have made big discoverie、s One found a previously unknown galaxy cluster （星系团）、Another project helped assesshow much damage a big earthquake had caused in Japan、And one of the first citizen-science projects helped scientists learn where butterflies go every winter、Some adults worry about teens losing interest in scienc、e That's one reason they hope that fun, exciting citizen-science projects can help them keep in touch, Long says、And she has some evidence that it's working, "Last year, we did have a couple of students say, 'I really think I want to be a scientist now、24、What is the purpose of paragraph 2?A 、To support trials can make teens interested in scien、ceB、To prove failure is the mot her of success in scienc、eC 、To state Buckley has a talent for scienc、eD 、To praise Buckley for her strong will、25、Why is citizen science more fun?A 、It carries out experiments frequently、B、It must carry out experiments in groups、C 、It needs to seek for new solution、s D、It demands to handle plex problems、26、What can we know from what Prunuske said?A 、She participated in the experimen、t B、She took pride in what students took up、C 、Citizen science is popular with students、D、Scientists are willing to employ students、27、What is Long's attitude towards citizen science?A、Concerned、B、Supportive、C、Doubtful 、D 、Unclear、CVegetable gardens may not be as visually pleasing as the variety of flowers, but Floridians looking to save some green by growing their own salad fixings can soon do so without fear、Gov、Ron DeSantis this week signed a law that bans local governments from carrying orders against homeowners from raising veggies in their yards、The law, which takes effect July 1, puts an end to that particular power of towns and cities across the state to prohibit vegetable gardens for "aesthetic （审美得［purposes"The problem became a cause after a couple living in Miami Shores Village opposed the decision of a $ 50 a day fine for growing vegetables in their front yard, as they'd done for years、Hermine Ricketts and her husband Tom Carroll fought City Hall in a case that wound its way up the states court system, with judges consistently ruling against their money-saving andhealth-conscious projec、tAfter the Florida Supreme Court ruled in favor of Miami Shores' right to control design and landscaping standards, the couple replaced their vegetables with pink flamingos （红鹤）、Their cause was not lost, howeve、r State lawmakers proposed and passed a law that effectively voids the court rulings, with Rob Bradley, who sponsored the bill, reportedly calling the village's action a "vast overreach"、The lawmaker noted the difficulty that many families experience getting fresh and affordable food, calling bans against vegetable and fruit gardens ridiculou、sAbout a third of all households in the U 、S、grow some of their own food, according to the National Gardening Association、The group says a 600-square-foot garden that costs around $ 70 a year to keep can grow 300 pounds of fresh produce worth about $ 600 annually、28、Why will some Floridians plant salad fixings?A 、To add to some green、B、To make life colorful 、C 、To build their own gardens、D、To cut down daily expenses、29、What made people focus on the garden?A 、Shortage of fresh vegetable、sB、 A case concerning a coupl、eC 、The advantages of raising vegetable、sD 、The unjustice of judges' conclusion、30、What does the underlined word "voids" in paragraph 6 mean?A 、Hides、B、Cancels、C、Prevents、D、Values、31、What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?A 、To show how to get these statistic、sB、To provide some advice for citizens、C 、To add some background information、D 、To list the benefits of growing vegetables、DIn July 2017, the American space agency (NASA) admit ted to not having enough financial means to send man on Mars for the purpose of exploring i、t The news had the effect of a bomb after five years of munication and development for this space exploration project、And yet, a few months before this announcement, the two houses of the US Congress voted a law to guide future NASA tasks、Among these tasks was an inhabited trip to Mars in 2033、In the meantime, NASA is focusing on the Mars 2020 mission by building its rover (漫游者),which will be equipped with a series of new scientific instruments 、This new machine will also look a lot like Curiosity which landed on the red planet in 2012、The mission Mars 2020 aims to assess the livability of the planet and possibly identify potential tracks of life yesterday and today、At a recent press conference, former US astronaut Tom Jones announced that NASA's current budget could not solve some technical problems for 25 year、s Thus, it postpones the first inhabited mission of the agency to Mars in 2043 、The subject concerned mainly mentioned many damages that will affect the body of astronau、tsIn deed, the trip to Mars could be pleted in nine mon ths by con sideri ng the curre nt tech no logies and the mome nt whe n the pla nets are closer to each othe r However, periods of weightlessness that are too long may, in particular, cause a lack of calcium In fact, it in flue ncesthe bones of astr on auts In additi on, this can lead to sig nifica nt damage of visionA quarter of a cen tury is n eeded to develop new tech no logies to solve these problems、For example, there is the questi on of develop ing nu clear propulsi on （推进）systems In deed, it could reduce travel times、Fi nally, there is also the idea of desig ning somethi ng to allow astr on auts to hiber nate duri ng the trip!32、What made NASA put off its in habited missio n?A、 A shortage of fundsB、The liv ing con diti ons、C、The damage to healthD、Objection of scientists、33、Which is right about the Mars 2020 Missio n?A、It has bee n put of fB、Its aim is to send man to MarsC、It is to evaluate the possibility for our livi ng、D、Its purpose is for man to walk on Mars34、What's the main idea of the last paragraph?A、The update of new devicesB、The accuracy of travel timesC、The time to develop tech no logiesD、The problems existi ng no wadays35、In which sect ion of a n ewspaper may this text appear?A、En tertai nment、B、Health、C、Educatio n、D、Scie nee第二节（共5小题;每小题2分满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后得选项中选出能填入空白处得最佳选项。
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专题11 阅读理解——人物传记类（解析版）【新课标要求与考纲的关系】普通高中英语课程强调对学生语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的综合培养,具有工具性和人文性融合统一的特点。
普通高中英语课程应在义务教育的基础上,帮助学生进一步学习和运用英语基础知识和基本技能,发展跨文化交流能力,为他们学习其他学科知识、汲取世界文化精华、传播中华文化创造良好的条件,也为他们未来继续学习英语或选择就业提供更多机会；普通高中英语课程同时还应帮助学生树立人类命运共同体意识和多元文化意识,形成开放包容的态度,发展健康的审美情趣和良好的鉴赏能力,加深对祖国文化的理解,增强爱国情怀,坚定文化自信,树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观,为学生未来参与知识创新和科技创新,更好的适应世界多极化、经济全球化和社会信息化奠定基础。
学科核心素养学科核心素养是学科育人价值的集中体现,是学生通过学科学习而逐步形成的正确价值观念、必备品格和关键能力。
英语学科核心素养主要包括语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。
1.语言能力语言能力指在社会情境中,以听、说、读、看、写等方式理解和表达意义的能力,以及在学习和使用语言的过程中形成的语言意识和语感。
英语语言能力构成英语学科核心素养的基础要素。
英语语言能力的提高蕴含文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的提升,有助于学生拓展国际视野和思维方式,开展跨文化交流。
2.文化意识文化意识指对中外文化的理解和对优秀文化的认同,是学生在全球化背景下表现出的跨文化认知、态度和行为取向。
文化意识体现英语学科核心素养的价值取向。
文化意识的培育有助于学生增强国家认同和家国情怀,坚定文化自信,树立人类命运共同体意识,学会做人做事,成长为有文明素养和社会责任感的人。
3. 思维品质思维品质指思维在逻辑性、批判性、创新性等方面所表现的能力和水平。
思维品质体现英语学科核心素养的心智特征。
思维品质的发展有助于提升学生分析和解决问题的能力,使他们能够从跨文化视角观察和认识世界,对事物作出正确的价值判断。
4.学习能力学习能力指学生积极运用和主动调适英语学习策略、拓高英语学习渠道、努力提升英语学习效率的意识和能力。
学习能力构成英语学科核心素养的发展条件。
学习能力的培养有助于学生做好英语学习的自我管理,养成良好的学习习惯,拓宽学习渠道,提高学习效率。
英语学科核心素养的基础,包括六个要素：主题语境、语篇类型、语言知识、文化知识、语言技能和学习策略。
主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会和人与自然,涉及人文社会科学和自然科学领域等内容,为学科育人提供话题和语境；语篇类型包括口语和书面语篇以及不同的文体形式,如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文、访谈、对话等连续性文本,以及图表、图示、网页、广告、漫画等非连续性文本,为语言学习提供文体素材；语言知识涵盖语音知识、词汇知识、语法知识、语箱知识和语用知识,是构成语言能力的重要基础；语言技能分理解性技能和表达性技能,具体包括听、说、读、看（viewing)、写等,学生基于语篇所开展的学习活动即是基于这些语言技能,理解语篇和对语篇作出回应的活动；文化知识指中外优秀人文和科学知识,既包含物质文明知识,也包含精神文明知识,是学生形成跨文化意识、涵养人文和科学精神、坚定文化自信的知识源泉；学习策略包括元认知策路、认知策略、交际策略、情感策略等,有效选择和使用策略是帮助理解和表达、提高学习效率的手段,是学生形成自主学习和终身学习能力的必备条件。
普通高中英语课程的内容要求按照以上六大要素,即主题语境、语篇类型、语言知识、文化知识、语言技能和学习策略,描述所规定的学习内容及要求。
主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会和人与自然,涵盖整个高中阶段所涉及的主题内容,不分课程类别进行描述；其他五项内容要素均按照必修、选择性必修和选修三类课程描述具体的内容要求。
本课程标准还针对每项内容要素（含子要素）给出具体的教学提示,以帮助教师在实施各项具体内容的教学中解决好常见的问题。
主题语境主题为语言学习提供主题范围或主题语境。
学生对主题意义的探究应是学生学习语言的最重要内容,直接影响学生语篇理解的程度、思维发展的水平和语言学习的成效。
在人与自我、人与社会和人与自然这三大主题语境中,人与自我涉及“生活与学习”“做人与做事”等两个主题群下的9项子主题；人与社会涉及“社会服务与人际沟通”“文学、艺术与体育”“历史、社会与文化”“科学与技术”等四个主题群下的16项子主题；人与自然涉及“自然生态”“环境保护”“灾害防范”“字宙探索”等四个主题群下的7项子主题。
所有主题语境都应包含中外文化的范畴。
【高考考纲和新课标的关系】高考考纲和新课标是统一的,因此20年的高考备考应该依据考纲,结合新课标的学科素养要求进行。
高考英语的阅读理解,应该以主题语境为引领。
分类训练各种主题内容的阅读语篇。
通过学习语篇,不断提高自己的语言能力。
【2020年高考命题预测】预测一高考阅读理解所选材料通常都是国外网站上的地道的英语文章,然后经过命题专家整合、改编而成。
高考试卷中的四篇阅读理解,有时会出现人物传记类阅读。
预测二文章的篇幅较短,词数多为260～330,人物传记的文章难度不大,关键是考查考生高效处理信息的能力,还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。
预测三题目设置灵活多样,通常以细节理解题为主,推理判断题为辅,兼顾猜测词义、句意题及目的意图题和主旨大意题。
这种命题特点要求考生更好地了解文章中的有用信息,提高阅读速度。
【学科网考点定位】2020考纲解读和近三年考点分布【2020考纲解读】人物传记主要向读者介绍科学家、文学家、思想家、政治家、企业家和影视、体育明星等杰出人物在各自领域所取得的重大成就,尤其注重介绍这些杰出人物如何克服身体残缺、自然环境和社会环境所造成的各种困难。
为人类做出巨大贡献,也为自己的事业谱写精彩篇章。
这些杰出人物不仅推动了社会的进步,而且他们对事业的追求、对人民的厚爱成为时代最重要的精神财富。
通过阅读人物的小传记或摘录该人物一些典型事件,如人生的起伏、克服困难取得成功等,考生可以得到激励学*科*网或受到启发,同时也可以了解这些人物所生活的社会文化背景。
【命题特点】1.熟悉人物介绍文特点人物传记是高考英语阅读理解题重要题材,它主要向读者介绍科学家、文学家、思想家、政治家和企业家等杰出人物在各行各业所取得的重大成就,并特别着重介绍这些杰出人物如何克服自身身体残缺或自然环境和社会环境所造成的各种困难,用强烈的事业心和责任感、用汗水和泪水、用鲜血和青春为人类做出巨大贡献,为生命谱写精彩乐章。
当然这些杰出人物留给社会的不仅仅是和平发展和经济效益,更重要的是,他们对事业的追求和对人民的厚爱成为我们这个时代最重要的精神财富。
2.熟悉人物介绍文命题规律(1)人物时段介绍判断题这种试题往往以What is the article mainly about? What life part of the hero is mentioned in the text? 为设问方式考查对人物时段介绍的判断。
因为人物传记往往介绍杰出人物一生学习、工作和生活情况,因此这种试题往往以The life of the hero.或The whole life of the hero is mentioned in our text.为答案。
这种试题也可转换形式,以How old is the hero now? How old was the hero when he died? How many years did he live?为设问方式。
因为人物传记往往要从人物出生介绍到现在/人物死亡,因此推算这些试题答案时,应仔细分析思考人物的起止年龄。
(2)童年生活质量判断题人物传记常出现What do we know about his childhood?之类的试题。
杰出人物为什么有超强的毅力和惊人的吃苦精神？因为他们从小身处逆境饱尝生活艰辛,从此发奋努学*科*网力,全力实现心中理想,因此这种试题答案多为：He lived a hard life.或He had an unhappy childhood.或He didn抰live as happy as the other children.(3)人物简历正确顺序判断题人物传记的最大特点就是记叙人物一生的经历,因此人物简历正确顺序判断题是常考试题,这种试题往往从人物全部活动中挑选4~6个重要活动并打乱其顺序,要求学生重新排序,并选择相应正确答案。
解题时应先阅读试题中所列4~6个重大事件,力争对事件有一定印象,然后回到原文中重新阅读原文,并从事件的发生、发展、高潮及事件发生的前因后果等角度仔细排列事件发生的前后顺序。
解题时切忌使用一一代入法,因为这么做看似可行,其实费时又费力,而且这么做难度加大,极易产焦虑心理,陷入恶性循环。
(4)人物名言理解判断题杰出人物经过长期默默无闻的努力终获成功后,一定会引起人们强烈关注,因此媒体采访其先进事迹并加以褒扬和宣传是理所当然的事。
而最成功的人往往又是最谦虚的人,尤其是杰出人物平凡甚至卑微的出生让他们觉得自己的成功算不上什么,不值得大竖特竖,因此这些杰出人物谦虚的语言往往成为新闻媒体更为关注的内容,这也成了杰出人物最能打动人们的地方。
因此人物传记阅读理解常出现人物名言理解判断题。
这些试题往往以“… ”means_________.为设问方式考查对人物名言的学@科@网正确理解。
其答案往往为I am ordinary或I抦nothing. 或I抦just so-so等。
(5)人物成功原因判断题杰出人物的成功为社会创造了巨大的精神财富和物质财富,人们不禁会探究其成功秘诀,使之转化为新的生产力,因此人物传记阅读理解常出现人物成功原因判断题。
这些试题往往以Why did the hero finally succeed？或What is the secret of the hero抯success?或What can we learn from the hero抯success?为设问方式考查对人物成功因素的判断。
其答案往往为“He/She is not easy to bow before difficulties.或He /She never gives in to all kinds of hardships. 或He/She never gives up/loses heart in face of failure.或He/She has strong perseverance.或He/She has strong self-belief等。
”(6)人物性格判断题人们常所说有成就的人往往是有个性的人,可以说正是杰出人物的独特个性铸就了他的成功,因此探究人物个性也成了人物传记阅读理解重要题型,不过这种试题与人物成功原因判断题有异曲同工之处,其回答也大同小异,这里不再赘述。