17-18版 课后分层集训 选修8 Unit 23 Conflict (B卷)

课后分层集训选修8Unit 23Conflict (B卷) Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·武汉市高三调研)Our planet is home to about seven billion people.Since the 1990s，population experts have predicted the number would grow to nine billion before it begins to slow down and possibly decrease.But a new report predicts the world's population is likely to increase to almost 11 billion by 2100.Based on the most modern statistical tools，the new report makes use of government records and considers expert predictions，including death rates，birth rates and international migration，or people moving across borders.The report says during the rest of this century，Africa's population will grow from about 3.5 billion to 5.1 billion over the next 85 years.John is director of the United Nations Population Division.He says that in the past，researchers thought population growth in Africa would be similar to that of other areas.They expected slower growth rates as birth control use became more widespread.But he says those ideas were wrong.“The level of contraception_use has continued to increase but slowly—more slowly than expected，and birth rate therefore has been falling less rapidly than expected，and the population therefore continues to grow somewhat more rapidly than we expected.”The new findings are based on a joint research project of the United Nations and the University of Washington.The researchers believe the population of Asia will reach five billion by 2050.That is up from the current 4.4 billion.And then it begins to decline.The researchers also believe that North America，Europe，Latin America and the Caribbean area will have a total population of below one billion.John says the pressure of feeding the rising population is likely to be less than that might be expected.“The relatively good news is that the world has been winning the race between population growth and food production.If you look back historically over the last 50 years，certainly for the world as a whole and for many most individual countries andregions，the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一份预测未来世界人口增长趋势的报告。

1．Which area will experience the largest increase in population at the end of the century?A．Asia. B．Africa.C．Europe. D．North America.B[细节理解题。

根据第二段的最后一句可知，非洲人口会增长1.6 billion；根据第五段的第一、二句可知，亚洲人口到2050年会增长0.6 billion，接着会下降；根据第五段的最后一句可知，欧洲、北美、拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区总人口不到1 billion。

故选B。

]2．“Contraception use” in the fourth paragraph refers to ________．A．a method of expert predictionsB．a way of avoiding growth in populationC．a joint research into the rising populationD．a potential technology for food productionB[词义猜测题。

根据第三段的第三句可知，他们预计避孕措施的普及会使人口出生率的速度减慢，故文中画线短语的意思与B项“避免人口增长的方法”相近，故选B。

]3．Why is the pressure of feeding the rising population less than expected according to John?A．Expert predictions are not exactly like what the facts happen.B．Birth rates have always been falling less rapidly than we expected.C．The population grows less rapidly than population experts expected.D．The increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.D[细节理解题。

根据第七段的“the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population”可知，食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长，故选D。

] 4．What can be inferred from the passage?A．The world's population will increase constantly.B．The population of Asia will rise by 5 billion by 2050.C．John is optimistic about feeding the rising population.D．Population growth in Africa was much slower than expected.C[推理判断题。

根据第七段的内容可知，John认为好消息是在人口增长与食物产量增长这场比赛中世界一直在取得胜利，并且食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长，故可推知选C。

]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2017·湖南省东部六校高三联考)How can I get self-motivation?When you are feeling less than motivated，it can be easy to fall behind on your work，personal life and aspirations.When this mood strikes，it is important to dig deep down and find a way to pull yourself through it to become the self­motivated person that you long to be.1．________ For example，if your final goal is to do a 5k run，make running a half mile without stopping your first level of achievements.It doesn't have to be achieved all at once，but little by little.When you feel that you have fully reached your first level，move on to the next.Having an final goal，and setting steps to get there，can help you have mini achievements.2.________When you want to reach a certain goal，it often helps to imagine already achieving it.You may be able to be more self­motivated if you keep track of your progress.3.________ Put one picture on the top of each page，and underneath，write what you did to reach that goal.If there are too few words on the page，it may be time to step up your efforts.Special quotations can be a good way to inspire self-motivation.Find a quote that moves you and inspires you in a way that no other set of words has before.4_______ Look at it on a daily basis，and use it as a way to inspire you to be more self­motivated.5．________ Even on days when your motivation is lacking，there are ways that you can do what you need to do.If you want to be more self­motivated，it takes a lot of sweat and drive，but it can eventually produce the results that you are longing for.A．This practice can increase your drive to keep on going.B．It is you that have to motivate yourself to achieve your goal.C．Consider setting different levels of achievements for yourself.D．If possible，turn those words into an art print and hang it in your home.E．Consider creating a journal with pictures of what you want to accomplish.F．An important way to be self­motivated is to push forward to get what you want.G．Being self­motivated can be difficult at times，but the effort usually reaps the rewards.【语篇解读】本文讲述了如何进行自我激励。