2009年2月18日星期三英语角内容
2009年考研英语二真题试卷(后附答案详解)
2009年考研英语二真题试卷(后附答案详解) Section I Use of EnglishRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.Intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the startingline because it depends on learning — a gradual 7 —instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to 8 .Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That’s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead ofcasting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.1. [A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine2. [A] tended [B] feared [C] happened [D] threatened3. [A] thinner [B] stabler [C] lighter [D] dimmer4. [A] tendency [B] advantage [C] inclination [D] priority5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out [D] puts forward6. [A] off [B] behind [C] over [D] along7. [A] incredible [B] spontaneous [C]inevitable [D] gradual8. [A] fight [B] doubt [C] stop [D] think9. [A] invisible [B] limited [C] indefinite [D] different10. [A] upward [B] forward [C] afterward [D] backward11. [A] features [B] influences [C] results [D] costs12. [A] outside [B] on [C] by [D] across13. [A] deliver [B] carry [C] perform [D] apply14. [A] by chance [B] in contrast [C] as usual [D] for instance15. [A] if [B] unless [C] as [D] lest16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach17. [A] at [B] for [C] after [D] with18. [A] Above all [B] After all [C] However [D] Otherwise19. [A] fundamental [B] comprehensive [C] equivalent [D] hostile20. [A] By accident [B] In time [C] So far [D] Better still Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation.So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and evenentirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an ex ecutive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider.’ ” She adds, however, that “to decide is tokill off all possibilities but one. A good innovationalthin ker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 coveredthat humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts downhalf of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system —that anyone can do anything,” expla ins M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book “This Year I Will...” and Ms. Markova’s business partner. “That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing whatyou’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” This is where de veloping new habits comes in.21. The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed by beingA. casualB. familiarC. mechanicalD. changeable.22. The researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can beA. predictedB. regulatedC. tracedD. guided23.” ruts”(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning toA. tracksB. seriesC. characteristicsD. connections24. Ms. Markova’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing ?A, prevents new habits form being formedB, no longer emphasizes commonnessC, maintains the inherent American thinking modelD, complies with the American belief system25. Ryan most probably agree thatA. ideas are born of a relaxing mindB. innovativeness could be taughtC. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideasD. curiosity activates creative mindsText 2It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad. All he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for afamily’s geographic roots .Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.But some observers are skeptical, “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says Trey Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father’s line or mitochondrial DNA, w hich a passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don’t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump togetherinformation from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26.In paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows PTK’s___________.[A]easy availability[B]flexibility in pricing[C] successful promotion[D] popularity with households27. PTK is used to __________.[A]locate one’s birth place[B]promote genetic research[C] identify parent-child kinship[D] choose children for adoption28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to__________.[A]trace distant ancestors[B] rebuild reliable bloodlines[C] fully use genetic information[D] achieve the claimed accuracy29. In the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces is __________.[A]disorganized data collection[B] overlapping database building30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely tobe__________.[A]Fors and Againsts of DNA testing[B] DNA testing and It’s problems[C]DNA testing outside the lab[D] lies behind DNA testingText 3The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, andremains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese countere pants a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.More recently, while examing housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building i ndustry’s work.What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don’t force it. After all, that’s how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn’t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.As education improved, humanity’s productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn’t constrain the ability of the developing world’s workf orce to substantially improve productivityfor the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is.31. The author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries ___________.[A] is subject groundless doubts[B] has fallen victim of bias[C] is conventional downgraded[D] has been overestimated32. It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system __________.[A]challenges economists and politicians[B]takes efforts of generations[C] demands priority from the government[D] requires sufficient labor force33.A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is that __________.[A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined[B] the Japanese workforce is more productive[C]the U.S workforce has a better education[D] ]the U.S workforce is more organize34. The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________.[A] when people had enough time[B] prior to better ways of finding food[C] when people on longer went hung[D] as a result of pressure on government35. According to the last paragraph , development of education __________.[A] results directly from competitive environments[B] does not depend on economic performance[C] follows improved productivity[D] cannot afford political changesText 4The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits ” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget , however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers,let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, The in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you sh all be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.Mean while , many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . “Our main end was to catch fish. ”36. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England___________.[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.[B] intellectual interests were encouraged.[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.37. It is suggested in paragraph 2 that NewEnglanders__________.[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life[D] were obsessed with religious innovations38. The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay__________.[A] were famous in the New World for their writings[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often __________.[A] influenced by superstitions[B] troubled with religious beliefs[C] puzzled by church sermons[D] frustrated with family earnings40. The text suggests that early settlers in NewEngland__________.[A] were mostly engaged in political activities[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect[C] came from different backgrounds.[D] left few formal records for later referencePart BDirections:Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitableone from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection. 41.____________.American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan, along with Tylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.42._____________.In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of allcultures, gave new direction to anthropology.43._____________ .Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. 44._______________.Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures. 45.________________.Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist ?mile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society andculture—known as functionalism—became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology.[A] Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.[B] In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.[C] He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the “survival of the fittest,” in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies. [D] They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people’s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children’s entrance into adulthood.[E] Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories ofkinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.[F]Supporters of the theory viewed as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.[G] For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association.46It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is itseffect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. 47Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world's work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.But in dealing with the young, the fact of associationitself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance.48 While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. 49Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.50 We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young uponthe same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. “White pollution ”is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to1) give your opinions briefly and2) make two or three suggestionsYou should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.Part B52. Directions:In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)Section I Use of English答案解析：1. B.本题考查动词，后面的宾语是“the fruit-fly experiments described…”， suppose表示“假设”， observe表示“观察”，image表示“想象”，Consider“考虑”，代入文中表示“考虑已经被描述出来的实验”，符合语境。
09年新人教版高二上学期第二次月考(英语)
2009年新人教版高二上学期第二次月考（英语）高二上学期第二次月考第I卷第一部分听力第一节：听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the woman mean? A．She does not want to go to the movie．B．She is too tired to go to the movie.C．she wants to go to the movie， 2. Do you know what Maria’s hobbies are？A．Maria doesn’t like to talk on the phone with her friends．B．Maria likes to talk on the phone with her friends．C．Maria’s friends don’t call her very often．3．What can we learn from the conversation？A．She doesn’t mind her husband’s watching the game．B．She can do much about his watching the game．C．She has to agree to her husband’s watching the game．4．Where’s the post-office？ A. On the right of the corner．B. Opposite the corner. C. On the left-hand corner．5. How many dozen eggs does the woman need？ A. One dozen． B. Two dozen. C. Three dozen. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
英语角策划书集锦15篇
英语角策划书集锦15篇英语角策划书1英语角是我们英语协会的一个特色项目，自从英协成立至今，我们一直坚持并不断发展和创新的这项活动，每周日晚上准点开始的英语角为大家营造一个温馨融洽的英语交流的环境，为广大同学英语口语的提高又打入了一针强心剂，不少同学都在这里从一个哑口英语者变得侃侃而谈，这里既有和大家一样水平的同学，也有不少研究生博士生前来助阵，更有许多的外教和留学生加入我们，与他们交流不仅会提高你的口语水平而且会使你拥有更多的朋友，掌握更多知识，得到更多学习和生活方面的经验，保证你会觉得it'sreallyafind！时间：自10月28日起每周日晚7：00至9：30地点：活动人次：流动预计可达300以上。
活动形式与内容：1、每次我们会邀请一名外教或留学生为大家做一个简短的speech。
2、我们会准备一些互动性的小游戏或者是精彩的节目表演等，为大家增添更多英语学习的乐趣。
3、活动开始后，我们英语协会口语部的同学会在场地各处放置一些小黑板，上面有一些大家感兴趣的简单小测验或者是topics。
4、我们会邀请我们的英语老师或社会上的口语培训师教大家更地道更正确的发音，justopenyourmouth！5、freetalk。
在这一环节中，我们的英语爱好者可以自由选择自己的语伴，自己喜欢的话题，用英语畅快的交流。
宣传措施：1、我们将在宿舍楼内张贴海报和展板，由宣传部的同学到宿舍楼和学校主干道上散发宣传单。
2、通过万秀园的电子滚动屏和操场西侧的小黑板。
3、在学子路（学校主干道）上悬挂横幅。
4、希望可以辛苦一下我们外语学院的英语老师，由她们在课前或课间向同学们简单的说一下，英语角可以为同学们提高英语口语提供一个便利的平台，激发同学们学习英语的热情和兴趣，而同学们英语水平的提高也会相应的促进课堂教学。
我们的准备工作中尚未完成的部分：1、英语角的场地，以及与此有关的活动的开展形式，是否需要音响，microphone等设备。
英语角游戏活动
游戏策划书（三教版）一、?主办单位：英语协会二、?承办单位：英语协会办公室三、?活动对象：沈阳工业大学辽阳校区英语协会同学四、?活动时间及地点：星期三、地点详见海报五、???活动前期准备：1.宣传阶段：由英语协会宣传部书写宣传海报并张贴在校园信息板上2.联系好场地，清扫场地，准备好会场布置所需的物品以及活动所需的物品。
3.落实主持人，与主持人做好衔接工作。
4.活动开始前一天确定各项工作是否到位。
六、游戏内容：一、击鼓传花（英文版）游戏规则：到场的所有人均参与到游戏中，主持人将道具传递给其中的一个人，然后多媒体播放英文歌曲的的音乐，同时在字幕底下出现对应的英文歌词，当音乐停止时，传的东西在谁手里，谁将站出来，并且要唱出刚才播放停止时的对应英文歌词，唱出的歌词不对将会受到惩罚。
二、泡泡糖（英文版）游戏规则：从到场的会员中抽取15名同学上场做游戏（或者是奇数的同学），由主持人说出一段单词，例如：left hand stick left foot 这时参赛选手就要自己选择队友模仿这个动作，其中的一个人拿出自己的左手与另外一个人的左脚接触，由于是奇数，所以剩单的那个出局，做错的队伍出局，当在场的队伍是偶数时主持人和大家做游戏，重复上述规则，直至最后决出一名为止三、电影配音游戏规则：准备2~3个电影片段，并且在比赛前播放一段原版的声音，然后按照剧中出现的人物，由在场的同学上台表演。
四、现场口语交流游戏规则：由勾博文和何新涛抛出一个话题进行现场交流。
五、幸运大抽奖游戏规则：在英语角活动前到场的每位同学会在签到的时候顺便将自己的姓名，专业，班级写到一张纸上，在第四轮之后进行现场抽奖，会得到意外的奖品奥！八、游戏规则：1.主持人致开场词，2.宣布游戏玩法（可做简单的示范）3.介绍参赛团队（介绍一下带队人）4.介绍工作人员5.比赛开始6.游戏结束7.放一些好听的英文歌九、人员安排：1．需要四位裁判2．两位记分人员3．两名负责道具的人员。
幼儿大班英语星期一到星期日教案
幼儿大班英语星期一到星期日教案教案标题：幼儿大班英语星期一到星期日教案教案目标：1. 帮助幼儿大班学生了解星期一到星期日的英文表达方式。
2. 提高幼儿大班学生对英语词汇的理解和记忆能力。
3. 培养幼儿大班学生的听说能力，通过与教师和同学的互动，提高他们的口语表达能力。
教案内容：星期一：1. 教师首先向学生展示星期一的图片或卡片，并用英语发音介绍星期一。
2. 教师引导学生一起模仿发音，并反复练习说出星期一的英文表达。
3. 教师播放一段关于星期一的英文歌曲或视频，引导学生跟随歌曲或视频中的表达方式。
星期二：1. 教师引导学生回顾星期一的英文表达，并向学生展示星期二的图片或卡片。
2. 教师用英语发音介绍星期二，并与学生一起模仿发音并练习说出星期二的英文表达。
3. 教师设计一些与星期二相关的游戏或活动，如星期二的拼图游戏、星期二的歌曲猜谜等，以帮助学生巩固所学内容。
星期三：1. 教师引导学生回顾星期一和星期二的英文表达，并向学生展示星期三的图片或卡片。
2. 教师用英语发音介绍星期三，并与学生一起模仿发音并练习说出星期三的英文表达。
3. 教师组织学生进行星期三的角色扮演活动，让学生在模拟的情境中运用所学表达方式进行对话。
星期四：1. 教师引导学生回顾星期一、星期二和星期三的英文表达，并向学生展示星期四的图片或卡片。
2. 教师用英语发音介绍星期四，并与学生一起模仿发音并练习说出星期四的英文表达。
3. 教师设计一些与星期四相关的绘画或手工制作活动，让学生通过实际操作来巩固所学内容。
星期五：1. 教师引导学生回顾星期一、星期二、星期三和星期四的英文表达，并向学生展示星期五的图片或卡片。
2. 教师用英语发音介绍星期五，并与学生一起模仿发音并练习说出星期五的英文表达。
3. 教师组织学生进行星期五的英语角活动，让学生在小组中进行对话和交流，分享关于星期五的经历和计划。
星期六：1. 教师引导学生回顾星期一到星期五的英文表达，并向学生展示星期六的图片或卡片。
英语角的长期安排
英语角的长期安排室内英语角时间：星期三8：45PM；地点：4401具体内容：主要分为三段，第一段二十分钟为学习阶段，主要内容包括趣味单词、精辟句子、经典美文、以及我们播放的原声电影中的好的台词（有利于将原声电影连串起来。
）……第二段为游戏或者交流时间，一样在二十分钟左右，主要是提高会员参与的激情、会员相互的认识度与现场的气氛，更有利于口语的表达，现学现用。
这一阶段有礼物发送。
最后一段一样为二十分钟，为英文歌曲赏析阶段，挑选两首经典好听的歌曲，讲解背景故事，并且学习哼唱，并且要求在户外英语角是可以进行当众演唱。
（备注：如果有外教参与的话将不按照以上形式，将确定主题，以会员与外教交流沟通为中心来进行英语角，到时口语部可以在一起商量。
）室外英语角时间：星期一8:45PM;（下雨天将取消）地点：一栋后面（操场正对面）具体内容：口语部干事提前确定主题（尽量在星期四通知下去），然后再联系其他部门通知会员主题，让他们做好准备要讨论的内容。
然后举行的那晚将进行分组（分组情况将视会员到场人数来定），进行主题交流，提高口语交流的能力。
其中可穿插个人才艺表演，比如说唱室内英语角赏析的英文歌曲或者播放的原声电影中的情景对话等等，以活跃气氛。
口语部干事在其中应该起到组织协调，带头说英语的作用。
要求：1、口语部干事将采取轮流制，谁负责星期三的室内英语角的干事将提前准备材料，谁负责星期一的室外英语角的提前确定主题，有内容形式重大改变的应该提前通知部长、会长以及相关部门，做好通知。
临时有事不能参见的应提前与自己部门干事商量好，做好协商。
要求口语部干事认真、负责、平等、富有激情的态度去投入到英语角的工作组织中。
2、要求会员每次参加英语角应该携带笔记本和笔，要求会员以抱有认真学习英语，以积极与周围人进行英语沟通的态度参加，不应以无所谓，嘻戏吵闹，不听甚至瞧不起组织者的态度参加，违规者将看情况是否取消参加英语角的资格。
周磊。
2009年考研英语时文阅读及翻译之孩子与音乐
学券计划孩⼦与⾳乐电⼦书报纸的消亡环境保护带薪请假制度英语的消亡 The phrase Mozart Effect conjures an image of a pregnant woman who, putting headphones conspicuously over her belly, is convinced that playing classical music to her unborn child will improve the kids' intelligence. But is there science to back up this idea, which has brought about a cottage industry of books, CDs and videos？ A short paper published in Nature in 1993 unwittingly introduced the supposed Mozart effect to the masses. Psychologist Frances Rauscher's study involved 36 college kids who listened to either 10 minutes of a Mozart sonata, a relaxation track or silence before performing several spatial reasoning tasks. In one test——determining what a paper folded several times over and then cut might look like when unfolded——students who listened to Mozart seemed to show significant improvement in their performance (by about eight to nine spatial IQ points). In addition to a flood of commercial products in the wake of the finding, in 1998 then——Georgia governor Zell Miller mandated that mothers of newborns in the state be given classical music CDs. And in Florida, day care centers were required to broadcast symphonies through their sound systems. Earlier this year, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany published a second review study from a cross-disciplinary team of musically inclined scientists who declared the phenomenon nonexistent. I would simply say that there is no compelling evidence that children who listen to classical music are going to have any improvement in cognitive abilities, adds Rauscher, now an associate professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh. It's really a myth, in my humble opinion. Rather than passively listening to music, Rauscher advocates putting an instrument into the hands of a youngster to raise intelligence. She cites a 1997 University of California, Los Angels, study that found that, among 25,000 students, those who had spent time involved in a musical pursuit tested higher on SATs and reading proficiency exams than those with no instruction in music. Despite its rejection by the scientific community, companies like Baby Genius continue to peddle classical music to parents of children who can supposedly listen their way to greater smarts. Chabris says the real danger isn't in this questionable marketing, but in parents shirking roles they are evolutionarily meant to serve. It takes away from other kinds of interaction that might be beneficial for children, such as playing with them and keeping them engaged via social activity. That is the key to a truly intelligent child, not the symphonies of a long-dead Austrian composer.——《Times》 “莫扎特效应”这个词让⼈想到这样的画⾯：⼀位孕妇把⽿机显眼地放在肚⼦上，深信给未出世的孩⼦播放古典⾳乐会提⾼宝宝的智⼒。
英语角
1.学习用品类：pen 钢笔 pencil 铅笔 pencil-case 铅笔盒 ruler 尺子 bag 书包 eraser 橡皮 crayon 蜡笔 book 书 sharpener 卷笔刀2.身体部位类：head头 face脸 nose鼻子 mouth 嘴 eye 眼睛 ear 耳朵 arm 胳膊 finger 手指 hand手 leg 腿 foot 脚3.颜色类：red 红色的 yellow 黄色的 green 绿色的 blue 蓝色的 purple 紫色的white 白色的 black 黑色的 orange 橙色的 pink 粉色的 brown 棕色的4.动物类：cat 猫 dog 狗 monkey 猴子 panda 熊猫 rabbit 兔子 duck 鸭子 pig 猪 bird 鸟 bear 熊 elephant 大象 mouse 老鼠 squirrel 松鼠5.食物类：rice 米饭 noodles面条 cake 蛋糕 bread 面包 hot dog 热狗 hamburger 汉堡包 chicken 鸡肉 fish 鱼肉 coke 可乐 juice 果汁 milk 牛奶 water 水 tea 茶 coffee 咖啡6.数字类：one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 six 六 seven 七 eight 八nine 九 ten 十 eleven 十一 twelve 十二 thirteen 十三 fourteen 十四 fifteen 十五 sixteen 十六 seventeen 十七 eighteen 十八nineteen 十九 twenty 二十7.家庭成员类：grandmother （外）祖母 grandma（口语）（外）祖母 grandfather （外）祖父grandpa （口语）（外）祖父 father 父亲；爸爸 dad 爸爸（口语） mother 母亲；妈妈mom 妈妈（口语） sister 姐妹 brother 兄弟8.水果类：peach 桃 pear 梨 orange 橙子 watermelon 西瓜 apple 苹果banana 香蕉 strawberry 草莓 grape 葡萄9.时间日期类：spring（春天） summer（夏天） fall autumn（秋天）winter（冬天） January（一月） February （二月）March（三月） April（四月） May（五月） June（六月） July（七月） August （八月） September（九月） October（十月） November（十一月） December（十二月）Monday （星期一） Tuesday （星期二） Wednesday （星期三） Thursday （星期四） Friday （星期五） Saturday （星期六） Sunday （星期天）英语小谜语：1.Two little brothers, 两个小兄弟, One lives on one side, 左一片， The other on the other side, 右一片, They hear what you say, 长到老, But they do not see each other.不见面。
全国各城市英语角汇总
全国各城市英语角汇总=================================北京英语角(BeiJing)=================================北大英语角:每周六晚7:00 俄文楼前空地清华英语角：每周三晚7:00-10:00 西阶（west of Great Hall）人大英语角: 每周五晚人大东门花园，老外多，质量不错北外英语角：每周五晚6:30-8:30外研社后花园朝阳文化馆：每周六下午3：00-5:00 门票6元地点在小庄，收费，但质量好=================================上海英语角(ShangHai)================================= 复旦大学英语角：毛泽东像旁，每周日晚七点交大本部，每周3晚上，新上院前华师大毛泽东像福州路文化街:“复旦——金陵”英语角卢湾区打浦街:丽园公园常设英语角,每周六下午2点至4点上海市浦东新区图书馆一楼进才书苑:每周六上午9：00--11：30 鲁迅公园英语角：星期天上午８：００－－１２：００，特点：日语人多，听不懂人民公园英语角：星期天全天８：００－－１７：００，特点：老外多，全英语．吴江路步行街，星期五晚上１８：００－－２２：００，特点：人多，多语种，插不上嘴．淮海公园:星期天上午１０：００－－１２：００静安公园:星期天上午１０：００－－１２：００=================================浙江省(ZheJiang)=================================杭州英语角浙大英语角：三、日在西溪的世纪之光；二四六在玉泉的毛主席像下六公园英语角：外文书店斜对面（背靠外文书店，面向西湖，左斜对面）西湖边的走廊里（原址在靠左边一点两棵大树下）。
武林广场英语角：武林广场的西部靠近杭州剧院少年宫英语角：少年宫门口树下华家池英语角：食堂门口草坪，每周三晚9点宁波英语角银太百货楼顶：每星期六晚6：00义乌英语角义乌市民广场温州英语角唐人街酒吧：周六、周日=================================成都英语角(ChengDu)=================================滨江路英语角：锦江桥头，锦江宾馆旁，周二，周五晚上7点电子科技大学：主楼前面的西花园，周一周三晚上美领馆英语角川大英语角：每周五晚上7点，东区体育馆前西南交大英语角：镜湖边草坪=================================南京英语角(NanJing)=================================鼓楼英语角：周六晚7点东南大学英语角：大礼堂旁，每周四晚7点南京大学英语角：每周日晚7:30，南大科技馆前广场南京大学浦口校区英语角：每周日6：30，在三区和一区的走廊中间，电子阅览室上面多媒体阅览室旁（四楼）=================================广州英语角(GuangZhou)================================= 华南师范大学英语角：每周五，桃李圆舞厅对面文化广场英语角=================================昆明英语角(KunMing)=================================翠湖英语角云南大学外语广场=================================武汉英语角(WuHan)=================================华中师范英语角：每周末晚，老外常见，华师的图书馆门口假山喷泉周围。
英语角活动策划书15篇
英语角活动策划书15篇英语角活动策划书1活动目的：为了提高同学们的学习兴趣，锻炼大家的英语口语及实际交流能力，丰富大家的文化生活，调动大家学习英语的积极性，加强口语练习，为广大同学提供练习口语和英语交流的平台，学以致用，达到娱乐放松和快乐学习的目的，创造良好的校园文化氛围。
同时为加强我院与兄弟学院间的友好关系，我院学习部决定与人文社科学院学习部联合举办此次英语角活动。
详细活动计划如下：一、主办单位：外国语学院学习部、人文社科学院学习部；二、承办单位：外国语学院学习部、人文社科学院学习部；三、活动时间：20某某年某某月16日（星期三）晚上7点-----8点30；四、活动地点：虎牙关桃李餐厅五、活动对象：外国语学院和人文社科学院某某级全体学生六、具体宣传方案：1、在综合楼前展出活动展板，在食堂前、田园和云园宿舍楼显眼地方张贴海报；2、召集两院班长和学习委员开会，宣传活动和相关事宜；3、通过校广播台宣传。
七、活动流程：此次活动大致分为以下几个环节1、才艺展示秀开场后，我们的工作人员播放音乐，同学们进行才艺表演（歌曲或者舞蹈），以便活动活跃现场气氛，提高同学们的热情，也让有才艺的同学展示精彩的自我。
（预先安排好展示的人员和才艺）2、单词接龙以游戏活动的方式进行，一轮游戏可由四个小组同时进行。
各班推选5人组成一组参加游戏。
场上放着各写一个单词的4块黑板。
计时开始后，5个同学依次上去写单词，同学们所写的单词要以黑板上所给的单词的最后一个字母为首字母。
按此方法依次接下去。
限时三分钟，时间到后，接单词最多的小组为优胜组，重复的单词不计分。
3,、瞬时记忆大比拼各组推荐1人参加此活动，一轮游戏可分四组同时进行。
参与者背对工作人员站定，此时工作人员各举一张卡片上场，卡片上写有一个句子。
由主持人下令让参与者同时向后转，此时开始计时，限时五秒钟。
在这五秒钟内参与者可以看卡片上的句子并迅速记下来。
参与者有一分钟的时间将迅速记下来的句子写在参与者的'面前的摆放的黑板上。
英语角活动策划书
英语角活动策划书英语角活动策划书时间流逝了，匆匆的流逝了，工作已经告一段落了，我们又将迎来新的希望，新的工作内容和目标，需要认真地为此写一份策划书。
那么你知道策划书如何写吗？下面是作者为大家整理的英语角活动策划书，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
英语角活动策划书1活动内容简介一、成立“英语角”1、活动内容：“英语角”的成立主要以锻炼英文口头表达能力，为同学们提供良好的英语沟通环境为目的，通过同学们的交流互动提高口语能力，由辅导老师对语法知识、阅读能力、解题技巧作专门讲解。
集学习性、交流性于一体，与学院的外语协会组织的英语角有所区别。
这个英语角的学习性质比例较重，为成员营造了浓厚的全英文交流气氛，促进同学们英语水平的提升。
2、活动时间：自定3、活动地点：自定4、组织人员：5、参加人员：英语协会会员。
6、辅导教师：自定7、主办机构：英语协会8、活动设想：体现以学生为主，发挥辅导教师的引导作用，原则上要求参与者都说英语。
（1）、活动场地的布置由学生设计和装饰，体现学生的爱好和需求。
（2）、每次活动的主题由老师和学生共同商定，活动内容贴近学生实际和生活。
（3）、主题确定后，通知会员。
并以海报的形式进行宣传，吸引学生参加。
（4）、活动以游戏、对话等形式开展，突出语言的功能性。
（5）、每次活动至少安排两位英语教师参与设计和指导。
二、举办英语演讲比赛1、比赛目的：为了进一步加强英语的学习和交流，提高同学们学习英语的积极性，给广大英语爱好者提供一个展现自我，提升自我的机会和舞台，“英语沙龙”决定举办一次英语演讲比赛。
2、比赛时间：初赛：自定复赛：自定4、比赛地点：5、负责教师：6、总策划：7、策划小组：8、特邀评委、嘉宾：9、参赛要求：（1）、所有参赛作品均为英语形式,演讲时间控制在5分钟以内。
（2）、具备完整的演讲稿，并要求上交。
（3）、演讲内容要求健康向上,真实细腻地反映人生理想，奋斗目标，自强自立，校园生活等。
2009年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2009年考研英语二真题Section II Close(10%)Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage ,there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose thebest one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. (10 points)In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, ithad(21)the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge (22) from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread (23) in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria's delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have (24) the economic and political map of the world, (25) some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, (26) major importers—including chinaand India, home to a third of the world's population-- (27) rising economic and socialcosts.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central(28) of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to (29) scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, (30) how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption,(31) these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments,(32) some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33, a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, (34) costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. (35) it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia (36) 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose (37) higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama (38) for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to (39) ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems (40) the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D.instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatenin26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplie37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40.A. for B. from C. across D. OverPart III Reading ComprehensionDirection: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Henric Ibsen, author of the play "A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affectsare still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience, "be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enoughexperience.Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women's dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44. The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen's playC. women's status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks atcancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her (Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. "There are just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed,sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. "People you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Should a leader strive to be loved or feared? This question, famously posed by Machiavelli, lies at the heart of Joseph Nye’s new book. Mr.Nye, a former dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard and one-time chairman of America’s National Intelligence Council, is best known for promoting the idea of “soft power”, based on persuasion and influence, as a counterpoint to “hard power”, based on coercion(强迫) and force.Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books, Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership, in both the political and business spheres. Machiavelli, he notes, concluded that “one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for the two to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved.”In short, hard power is preferable to soft power. But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.The context of leadership is changing, the observe, and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated. In modem companies and democracies, power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined, making soft power ever more important. But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion. Mr.Nye argues. Instead, he advocates a synthesis of these two views. The conclusion of The Powers to Lead, his survey of the theory of leadership, is that a combination of hard and soft power, which he calls “smart power”, is the best approach.The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is, apparently, the “transformational leadership pattern”. Anyone allergic(反感) to management term will already be running for the exit, but Mr.Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadership into a single, slimvolume. He examines different approaches to leadership, the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effectiveness of a particular leader. There are plenty of anecdotes and examples, historical and contemporary, political and corporate.Also, leadership is a slippery subject, and as he depicts various theories, even Mr.Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall. He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadership, in particular, the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie—and he provides a helpful 12-points summary of his conclusion. A resuming theme is that as circumstances change, different sorts of leaders are required; a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another, and vice versa. Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadership offers no easy answers.51. From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr. Machiavelli’s idea of hard power is ______.A. well accepted by Joseph NyeB. very influential till nowadaysC. based on sound theoriesD. contrary to that of modem leadership theorists52. Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?A. Coercion is widespread.B. Morality is devalued.C. Power is no longer concentrated.D. Traditional hierarchies are strengthened53. In his book the Powers to lead, Mr. Nye has examined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.A. authorityB. contextC. approachesD. morality54. Mr. Nye’s book is particularly valuable in that it _____.A. makes little use of management termsB. summarizes various studies conciselyC. serves as an exit for leadership researchersD. sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders55. According to the author, the most interesting part of Mr. Nye’s book lies in his _____.A. view of changeable leadershipB. definition of good leadershipC. summary of leadership historyD. discussion of moral leadershipQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage:Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on howyou define just what a war is. There are shooting wars—the kind that test patriotism and courage—and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qualities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of the railroads? If American indulge in a bit of flag—when the job is done, they earned it.Now there is a similar challenge. Global warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by any measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot about it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on what might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and stability of its economy.The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, which too often amount to native wishlists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assume that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What would an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like—one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. “I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming,”says Fred Krupp. “But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before.”56. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Human wars.B. Economic crisis.C. America's environmental policies.D. Global environment in general.57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and thestability of its economy is__________.A. of utmost importanceB. a fight no one can winC. beyond people's imaginationD. a less significant issue58. Judging from the context, the word “rub”(Line 1, Para.3)probably means_______.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?A. CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.A. the new book written by Fred KruppB. how America can fight against global warmingC. the harmful effects of global warmingD. how America can tide over economic crisisSection IV TranslationDirections:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.Bankers’excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits and revenue’s,and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.Part BDirections: it is known that text message( 手机短信)has both advantages and disadvantages. Some people think it is a blessing, while others regard it as a hell. In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words on Answer Sheet 2.2009MBA联考英语试卷参考答案Section I V ocabulary and Structure1-5 BACDD 6-10CBAAC 11-15 BBABD 16-20 DBACBSection II Cloze21-25 CDDBC 26-30BDDBA 31-35 BACDA 36-40DBCACSection III Reading Comprehension41-45 BBAAC 46-50 CCBCC 51-55 DCABD 56-60CAAACSection IV Translation (参考译文)由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡,一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的补偿金计划就受到密切关注.银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因,在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下,一般是由低息引起并造成持续的错觉,其实是一种债务泡沫经济.抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人,就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这样的链条出售给下一个金融机构,这些做法都在利用高科技证券业,结果,却增加了抵押资产的风险.金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的,最不负责任的做法,以期扭转下一个危机,而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产.但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题,因为那是眼前利益,但却让银行家们不负责任的甘冒风险.Part BDirections: it is known that text message( 手机短信)has both advantages and disadvantages. Some people think it is a blessing, while others regard it as a hell. In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words on Answer Sheet 2.审题谋篇：MBA联考英语试卷是考研英语二试卷的前身，就写作部分来讲，MBA联考主要有图表和话题作文两个形式。
中小学英语角人教版七年级下册
中小学英语角人教版七年级下册一、根据你所听到的内容，选择正确答案（听两遍）（10分）( ) 1. A. Chinese B. English C. Maths( ) 2. A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Thursday( ) 3. A. hill B. river C. boat( ) 4. A. morning B. afternoon C. evening( ) 5. A. coats B. shorts C. shirts( ) 6. A. hurt B. hurry C. hungry( ) 7. A. cough B. cold C. coffee( ) 8. A. go skating B. go boating C. go climbing( ) 9. A. take care B. not so good C. take the pills( )10. A. Are you tired? B. Is she hungry? C. Are they happy?二、听录音，选出相对应的应答句（听两遍）（6分）( ) 1. A. Sounds good. B. I’m sorry to hear that. C. I’m so happy.( ) 2. A. Yes, I do. B. I have many books. C. No, I’m not.( ) 3. A. Yes, she does. B. Yes, she can. C. Yes, she is.( ) 4. A. I have four. B. He likes Maths and Chinese. C. I like English and Art.( ) 5. A. It’s a hot day. B. It’s sunny. C. It’s Tuesday.( ) 6. A. It’s five. B. It’s Tom’s. C. It’s Tom.三、听录音，根据所听到的对话和问题选择正确的答案（听两遍）（10分）( ) 1. What is behind the door?A. Coats.B. Books.C. Jackets.( ) 2. Mike’s and Helen’s coats are .A. blue.B. blue and brown.C. not brown or blue.( ) 3. Mike and Helen are .A. in the classroom.B. in the playground.C. at home.( ) 4. Perhaps Mike and Helen are .A. playing basketballB. watching the running raceC. playing football( ) 5. Whose coats are they?A. They’re yours.B. They are Mike’s and Helen’s.C. They’re Yang Ling’s.四、听录音，根据录音内容将对话填写完整（听三遍）（8分）1、A: How many are there in a year?B:Yes.A:What are they?B: They are spring , autumn and winter.2、A：this sweater?B: No, it .A: sweater is this?B: It’s .笔试部分（60分）五、选出与其余三个不同的单词，将其序号填入题前括号内10分）( ) 1 A.swim B.run C.short D. skate( ) 2. A.my B.our C.they D.his( ) 3. A. fifty B.five C. green D. three( ) 4. A. Chinese B.Art C. Music D. spring( ) 5. A.on B. under C. too D. behind六、翻译下列词组（每空填一词）（8分）1. 在星期三下午___________2. 堆雪人________ ______ ___3. 得了感冒____ __a_ ___4. 今天早晨___________ ___________5. 在七点___________ ___________6. 太短__________7.谁的连衣裙___________ ___________ 8. 试穿___________七、用所给单词的适当形式填空（10分）1.I have a (swim) lesson this evening.2. Mary (have) lunch at school every day.3. It’s too (cold) .Open the door,please.4. This is Miss Li (speak).5. Look! My gloves (be) so big.6. Can you _____________(come) to school tomorrow?7. We can see three (apple)trees in the picture.8. ----My shorts are too short. ----Try (they).9. It’s my (brother) birthday today.10. How many _____________ (lesson)do you have this morning?八、从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的正确选项(10分）( ) 1. He usually watches TV night.A. withB. atC. inD. to( ) 2. It’s nine o’clock. It’s time ___________.A. to bedB. for go to bedC. to go to bedD. go to bed( ) 3. Would you like pies?A. anyB. aC. anD. some( ) 4. It’s cold. We can make .A. snowmanB. snowmenC. snowmanD. a snowmen( ) 5. –May I speak to Helen? –Yes. _________Helen speaking.A. I’mB. this isC. This isD. That is( ) 6. –What colour is your ? --White.A. jeansB. shortsC. socksD. shirt( ) 7. Let’s go .A. boatB. boatingC. a boatD. boats( ) 8. I’m thirsty. I want .A. a pieB. to eat a pieC. have some waterD. to have some water( ) 9. My pencil is too short, but your pencil is .A. bigB. longC. shortD. small( )10. –shoes are they?–__________Helen’s.A. Who’s it’sB. Whose It’sC. Who’s they’reD. Whose They’re九、改错（5分）( )1. We can go swim.A B C( )2. Who’s bag is this ?A B C( )3. We go to the park at Saturday.A B C( )4. The glove are my mother’s.A B C( )5. We don’t have some lessons today.A B C十、将下列句子排列成一段完整的对话（7分）( )It’s nice. But it’s too big for you. Whose is it?( ) All right.( ) It’s my sister’s.( ) Hi, Yang Ling. Look at this dress.( ) OK. Thank you.( )Look! Here’s a new one. Try it, please.( )Wow! It’s nice. Let’s go to the party now.十、阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容选择正确答案（10分）Sarah: May I come in, doctor?Doctor: Come in and sit down, please.Sarah: Thank you.Doctor: What’s the matter?Sarah: I have a fever and a bad cough.Doctor: Open your mouth and let me have a look.Sarah: Ah…Doctor: OK, I see. You have a cold. Here are some pills for you. Please drink more hot water and stay in bed for a few days. You will get better soon.Sarah: Thank you,doctor.( ) 1. Sarah is ______ now.A. in the classroomB. in the hospitalC.in the playground( ) 2. Sarah has .A. a headacheB. a coldC. a toothache( ) 3. The doctor gives to Sarah.A. some pillsB. some fruitC. a glass of water( ) 4. The doctor wants Sarah to .A. go to schoolB. stay in bedC. go to the park( ) 5. Sarah should .A. drink more coffeeB. drink more hot waterC. drink more juice答案一、ABCCD二、BACCB三、ABCCD四、ACBBB五、CCCDC六、on Wednesday afternoon make snowmenhave a cold this morningat seven too shortwhose dress try on七、swimming has cold speaking are comeapples them brother’s lessons八、、BCDBC DBDBD九、C swimming A Whose C on A gloves B any十、2531746。
SSS09年2月整理版
Sixty Second Science 09年2月整理版SSS 20090202SSS 20090203This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.This will just take a minute.If you have a dog,you know you gotta walk it.But do you know how it walks?Well,if you have no idea which foot Fido puts forward when,you’re in good company.Because according to a study published in the journal Current Biology,even places like natural history museums get it wrong half the time.Studies published back in the late 1800s showed that all four-legged animals walk the same way.They start by moving forward their left hind leg,followed by the left front leg.Then they repeat the sequence on the right-hand side.Different animals differ in the timing of their steps.The reason they walk that way is for stability.Lifting one leg at a time leaves three feet on the ground,forming a nice stable tripod to stand on.But not everyone seems to know that,even folks who should.Scientists looked at 300depictions of animals walking—in museums,anatomy texts,and even children’s toys.And they found that nearly half the time these images get it wrong.For a toy,that kind of inattention to detail might mean that Rex has a tendency to roll over.But for museums to mess up like that?They just don’t have a leg to stand on.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Adam Hinterthuer.Got a minute?Mosquitoes have an unwitting new ally in the war on infectious diseases—conservationists.Turns out that,for mosquitoes carrying dengue-fever,environmentally conscious humans may be aiding the invasion.That’s the finding of a study published in the journal Functional Ecology.In Australia,severe drought has led citizens to capture and store rainwater.While that's good for water conservation,the resulting array of water-storage tanks provides the perfect breeding ground for an army of mosquitoes.The researchers say mosquitoes around the world are already moving into areas experiencing the warmSSS 20090204SSS 20090205er,wetter effects of climate change.Adding accessible pools of water to countless backyards will only help increase the insect's range.For Australia's dengue mosquitoes,the researchers are also concerned about the development of drought-resistant eggs.Other insects have already evolved eggs that can withstand dry-spells.If the dengue mosquito follows suit,even the arid Outback could someday promote mosquito-borne illness.But there's a powerful way to interfere with the entire process:simply cover up water containers.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Adam Hinterthuer.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?Indiana Jones (“I hate snakes—I hate ‘em!”)would have totally despised a snake that lived some 60million years ago.Because researchers working in Colombia have found the fossil remains of a snake that would have been up to 45feet long,weighing in at perhaps 2,500pounds.That makes it the biggest snake ever to have slithered across the Earth.The announcement appears in the February 5th issue of the journal Nature.The creature has been dubbed Titanoboa.The fossil snake bones were found in an open-pit coal mine,along with its prey,which included turtles and crocodiles.Now,a snake this big could only live where the average temperature was between 30and 34degrees Celsius.So we gain info also about the climate at the time.Study leader Jason Head from the Smithsonian said,“The discovery of Titanoboa challenges our understanding of past climates and environments,as well as the biological limitations on the evolution of giant snakes.This shows how much more information about the history of Earth there is to glean from a resource like the reptile fossil record.”Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?Nearly 20percent of servicemen and women returning from Iraq and Afghanistan report symptoms ofSSS 20090206post-traumatic stress or major depression.Another 19percent experience possible traumatic brain injury.Some seven percent may have a combination of brain injury and depression or PTSD.That’s according to a RAND Corporation study.To address these issues,in 2007the Department of Defense created the Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Tra umatic Brain Injury.The center’s director is Brigadier General Loree Sutton,a board certified psychiatrist.The centers recently established a 24-hour toll-free hotline number,(866)966-1020.General Sutton calls the centers,“America’s open door to welcome and help every person dealing with psychological health issues and traumatic brain ***injury.”The hotline is also available to family members,healthcare professionals,teachers and anyone else dealing with a service member who may be experiencing psychological issues.Because the real shame is not seeking help.(866)966-1020.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.This will just take a minute.It’s good to be the Queen.You get fed and cared for and generally treated like royalty.But if you’re a blue butterfly caterpillar,you can get the same benefits by just pretending to be queen.Because these crafty caterpillars trick ants into feeding them—by mimicking the sound of their queen.Ants are social creatures whose colonies contain a queen ant,and hordes of worker ants who feed the queen and take care of all her young.Blue butterfly caterpillars have come up with clever ways to exploit that system.These parasitic caterpillars take up residence in the nests of red ants.And they mooch free meals in part by waggling their heads to beg for food like all the other ant grubs.But that’s not all.Scientists using sophisticated recording equipment were able to listen to the caterpillars chatter.And found that the interlopers imitated the sounds of an adult queen.The report ’s in the February 6th issue of the journal Science.The reason it’s better to be mistaken for royalty and not just some other grub is that in times of stress,ants will even feed their young to the queen.So if it’s eat or be eaten,caterpillars are clearly making the sound choice.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.SSS 20090209SSS 20090210This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Cynthia Graber.This will just take a minute.In the hit movie Slumdog Millionaire,the star answers game show questions correctly based on his life experiences.At least one right answer,however,is a lucky guess.But maybe the guess wasn’t so lucky.Maybe his brain actually knew the answer—even though he didn’t realize it.That’s what scientists at Northwestern University are saying about so called lucky guesses.They published their research online in the journal Nature Neuro science.Study participants were shown brightly colored pictures.They had to memorize half.While viewing the other half,they had to concentrate on remembering a spoken number.So they were ter,they were quizzed on all the images.Surprisingly,they were more successful at remembering those images that they only paid half a mind to.Not only that,but they were more accurate when they said they were just guessing.The researchers say their visual systems stored memories quite accurately,even when the participants weren’t paying attention.And that what we call intuition,some of those gut feelings we get,may often be based on good information.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Cynthia Graber.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Adam Hinterthuer.Got a minute?Here’s a novel potential public health measure against the flu—kick up the humidity.The cold,dry months of winter signal the start of flu season.But previous research found only a weak correlation between the spike in flu rates and the drop in relative humidity.Now researchers from Oregon State University say that's because it's absolute,not relative,humidity that counts.Their study is in the February 9th edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Relative humidity is a function of temperature.During the dry winter,relative humidity is low in a warm house but high in the cold outside.Absolute humidity,however,is simply the total amount of water in the air.The less water in the air,the longer the flu virus survives.And that leads to a greater chance of someone catching the bug.SSS 20090211SSS 20090212The scientists aren’t sure why humidity affects the flu virus survival.But they hope their discovery can be put to work.Emergency rooms and nursing homes,for example,could up their humidity during the winter.Maybe it’s time for a new health mantra:a sauna a day keeps the flu bug away.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Adam Hinterthuer.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Christie Nicholson.Got a minute?The lure of gambling clearly comes from the chance of winning.But how exciting is it to almost win?A study in the February 12th issue of the journal Neuron looked at gambler’s brains’reactions to “near misses,”such as when you get two cherries out of three at a slot machine.While gamblers describe near misses as more unpleasant than full misses,almost winning significantly increased the desire to keep gambling.Fifteen subjects underwent brain scans as they gambled.Near misses activated the brains’ventral striatum and anterior insula areas,which were also activated during random wins.The insula has been associated with drug craving and other addictive behaviors.Interestingly,this effect only happened when gamblers had control of the lever.The inverse occurred when a computer took control.In that case,the near misses significantly demotivated the gambler to keep playing,and it was the complete misses that kept momentum alive.So next time,when you nearly get three cherries and you’re hyped up to try again,remember this is not like working on your golf swing—your odds at the slot machine don’t get better with practice.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Christie Nicholson.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?February 12th is the 200th birthday of Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln.But they’re linked by something else,too.Before Darwin,natural philosophers held to a point of view called typology,or esSSS 20090213sentialism.Members of a particular class were all the same.For example,all triangles have the same fundamental characteristic:three sides.This way of thinking,however,extended to the biological world,including humans.As the great evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr wrote in an essay in the July,2000,issue of Scientific American,“For the typologist,Caucasians,Africans,Asians or Inuits are types that conspicuously differ from other human ethnic groups.This mode of thinking leads to racism.”But Darwin replaced typology with the new concept of populations.Groupings of organisms are populations of unique individuals—who vary.Typology offered a philosophical justification for a slave being worth three-fifths of a white person in the Constitution.But now science insisted that all people,regardless of race,were fully human.A viewpoint that finally began to be put in practice in the US by Lincoln.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.This will just take a minute.Sometimes you want something so badly it hurts,usually something that someone else has.Now a report in the journal Science shows that the agony of envy really does ache,because envy activates a part of the brain that processes physical pain.What’s more,the brain registers pleasure when the person we envy has a bad day.Scientists used fMRI scans to look at how the brain handles envy and its evil twin,schadenfreude,a German term for taking pleasure in someone else’s misfortune.In the first set of studies,the scientists asked participants to read a story about themselves and their friends.In one scenario,subjects were told that they botched a job interview,which one of their classmates totally nailed.Reading about this classmate’s subsequent successes,both financial and romantic,caused the participants’brains to shout pain.But then came the schadenfreude.The subjects were told that something unfortunate happened to this friend,everything from car troubles to getting cheated on.That news was received with apparent delight as it lit up the brain’s reward circuits.Then again,what looks like delight could just be the relief of no longer having to deal with the painful feelings of envy.Like a Red Sox fan contemplating A-Rod.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.SSS 20090216SSS 20090217This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.This will just take a minute.Expectant moms can have very different ideas when it comes to where they plan to have their babies.Some women even choose to give birth in a warm tub of water.But 50million years ago,whales,it seems,crawled out of the ocean to give birth on land.You’ve probably heard that whales evolved from animals that lived on terra firma.But what were things like during the transition,when early whales spent some time on shore and the rest in the sea?A new report in the journal Public Library of Science ONE offers one idea.Because scientists from the University of Michigan Museums of Natural History recently unearthed the first fossil of an ancient pregnant whale.And they found that the footlong fetus,who was probably only a day or two from being born,was positioned for a head-first delivery.That’s how land mammals tend to give birth,so their babies can breathe as soon as they arrive.Modern whales,on the other hand,come out tail-first,to make sure they don’t drown during delivery.So it looks like ancient whales lived in the water but gave birth on the beach.Then they most likely headed back to sea for baby’s first bite of sushi.Which sounds like a whale of a birth plan.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Karen Hopkin.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?Even monkeys know when they’re getting a bad deal,said primatologist Frans de Waal at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Chicago on February 16th:“We found that our monkeys were sensitive to the distribution of rewards.”Give two side-by-side monkeys a piece of cucumber for performing a simple task and there’s no problem.But if one sees his neighbor get a more desirable grape—“now grapes are far better than cucumber and the monkeys know that”—for doing the same thing,“they become agitated.They don’t like this experiment anymore,even though they get exactly the same food as before.But the partner is now getting grapes.And if you give the partner a grape without any task,then they really don’t like it anymore.So this is,I usually call it an egocentric sense of fairness,it’s like resentment or envy.It’s verSSS20090218SSS 20090219y similar actually to the response that we have currently to Wall Street bonuses.I always say we live in Cucumberland and they live in Grapeland,basically.”Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?Future cosmologists will get the universe all wrong,said Ariz ona State’s Lawrence Krauss at the AAAS Meeting on February 16th:“All of the pillars of the big bang will disappear.The Hubble expansion is going to disappear.Because the galaxies we use as tracers of the Hubble expansion will disappear.There’ll be nothing to trace the expansion.You might say,well,look,we have the cosmic microwave background radiation.Too bad.Because it goes away.When the universe is 50times its present age,the cosmic microwave background will not be able to permeate our galaxy.So even if observers were smart enough to measure things much weaker than we can measure today,it wouldn’t be there to measure.“The scientific picture of the universe a hundred years ago was that it was static and eternal in which we live in an island universe,our galaxy surrounded by empty space.And that’s the picture we’ve changed radically due to all of our observations.And I want to point out the far future is going to bring a return to exactly that picture.Observers in the far future will use the best science they can come up with to determine the nature of the universe and they will come up with exactly the wrong answer.”Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?Time to bring back the Office of Technology Assessment.The OTA was created in 1972to provide Congress with an objective analysis of complex scientific and technological issues.But it was killed in ‘95.Rush Holt,one of three physicists in Congress,sent a statement to the AAAS meeting in Chicago last week that said,“When the OTA was disbanded,Congress gave itself a lobotomy.”At the meeting,Lewis Branscomb,from Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government,offered reasons to restore the OTA:SSS 20090220SSS 20090223“First obviously technical understanding is much more critical to public policy now than it was in ’94.Consider energy independence,global climate change,nuclear weapons proliferation,and mutation of viruses into global disease threats—all major issues facing us today.Second,the American economy is more dependent than ever on innovation to give us a competitive advantage.Given the global competition we face,it will require the U.S.to improve more rapidly its own research and innovation capability.”Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?Creationists often publish lists of a few doz en scientists who doubt Darwin.So in 2003,the National Center for Science Education put together a list of 200scientists who accept evolution.“Except that all of ours were named Steve.”That was the NCSE’s Eugenie Scott at last week’s AAAS meeting.“And now we have one-thousand scientists named Steve.Project Steve has a serious message.Approximately one percent of Americans are named Steve or Stephanie,so do the math.Our one-thousand Steves represents a hundred thousand scientists accepting evolution,as opposed to the rather paltry number dissing Darwin.It’s important because in states where we have major problems with antievolution going on,the number of scientists doubting evolution has been proclaimed to the public.I just want the press to keep asking,‘How many Steves do you have?’”And the thousandth Steve is:“The distinguished botanist at the University of Tulane and head of the Tulane Herbarium,Steve Darwin.”Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?“We’re on the verge of finding out how frequently habitable planets occur in the universe.”That was aSSS 20090224stronomer Alan Boss at the AAAS meeting on February 14th.“And I think we’re going to find out that that number is very close to one.”Meaning that each solar-type star is probably orbited by,on average,one Earth-type planet.So how many habitable planets might be out there?“10to the 11th in our galaxy and then there are something like 10to the 11th galaxies.We ’re up to about 10to the 22Earths,plus or minus a few.“You don’t have to just believe that this speculation is going to be correct or not.NASA will be launching the Kepler space mission,and Kepler’s entire purpose is to count how many Earths there are around a population of stars in the constellation Cygnus.”Kepler launches on March 5th.“Then about three or four years from now,there’ll be a press conference at NASA headquarters,and Bill Borucki,the Kepler PI will stand up and tell us just how frequently Earths occur.And once we know that we’ll know how to take the next steps in the search for living planets,and some of that work will involve not only telling if the planets are habitable,but actually searching for signatures in their atmospheres if they could be inhabited,as well.”Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Adam Hinterthuer.Got a minute?Angry or upset?Try picking up a pen.According to psychologist Matthew Lieberman,most people don't think of writing as a way to calm down."When you look at the brain,it looks a whole lot like emotion regulation is going on when people put feelings into words."Lieberman spoke on February 14th at the AAAS annual meeting.Lieberman scanned subjects'brains as they looked at pictures of people with either positive or negative facial expressions.They were sometimes asked to label the emotion—which lit up the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex,a brain region associated with self-control."Only when people are putti ng the feeling state into words do we see activity in this right prefrontal region.And what we've also seen is the more that region is activated,the less activity you see in a variety of limbic regions that are typically associated with affective or emotional processing."But be warned,labeling your feelings dampens all emotional responses.Even the happy ones.How do I love thee?Well,maybe I shouldn't count the ways.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Adam Hinterthuer.SSS 20090225SSS 20090226This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Cynthia Graber.This will just take a minute.They say that money can’t buy happiness.Ryan Howell believes that it can—sometimes.Howell is a researcher at San Francisco State University.He thought that maybe money matters if it’s spent on things that bolster our psychological well-being—activities that people truly enjoy and that enhance their lives in nonmaterial ways.Howell recently presented his research at the annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology in Tampa.He recruited 154participants between 19and 50.Half wrote a paragraph about a recent experience they purchased,such as eating out or going to the theater.The other half wrote a paragraph about a thing they bought.Both also wrote about their feelings about what they got for their money.Turned out those who bought experiences reported significantly higher levels of feeling happy,and like it was money well-spent.Howell says these feelings of well-being might come from feeling active and connected to friends and community.He also says we don’t get bored of happy memories,while we might get tired of a purchase.So the study challenges the old adage about money—because maybe money can buy happiness.If it’s not spent on just things.Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Cynthia Graber.（A segment of President Obama’s speech to a joint session of Congress on February 24th dealing with energy and basic research:）We know the country that harnesses the power of clean,renewable energy will lead the 21st century.And yet,it is China that has launched the largest effort in history to make their economy energy efficient.We invented solar technology,but we've fallen behind countries like Germany and Japan in producing it.New plug-in hybrids roll off our assembly lines,but they will run on batteries made in Korea.Well I do not accept a future where the jobs and industries of tomorrow take root beyond our borders—and I know you don't either.It is time for America to lead again.SSS 20090227Thanks to our recovery plan,we will double this nation's supply of renewable energy in the next three years.We have also made the largest investment in basic research funding in American history—an investment that will spur not only new discoveries in energy,but breakthroughs in medicine,and science,and technology.We will soon lay down thousands of miles of power lines that can carry new energy to cities and towns across this country.And we will put Americans to work making our homes and buildings more efficient so that we can save billions of dollars on our energy bills.But to truly transform our economy,to protect our security,and save our planet from the ravages of climate change,we need to ultimately make clean,renewable energy the profitable kind of energy.So I ask this Congress to send me legislation that places a market-based cap on carbon pollution and drives the production of more renewable energy in America.That’s what we need.And to support,to support that innovation,we will invest $15billion a year to develop technologies like wind power and solar power;advanced biofuels,clean coal and more efficient cars and trucks built right here in America.This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky .Got a minute ?February 28th is International Sword Swallowers Awareness Day,according to practitioner Dan Meyer,who recently demonstrated the technique at the AAAS meeting in Chicago.“When I put the sword in my mouth,I will repress the gag reflex in the back of the throat.Then I have to go behind my Adam ’s apple,my prominentia laryngea,behind the voice box,the larynx,down about through the crichopharyngeal sphincter,up in the upper part of the mouth here.Then down into the esophagus,repress the peristalysis reflex,which is 22pairs of muscles that swallows your food.From there relax the esophageal muscles,relax the lower esophageal sphincter,and slip the blade down into my stomach,repress the wretch reflex in my stomach.”Sword swallowers have made important contributions to medicine—besides giving doctors work.“In 1868Dr.Adolph Kussmaul at the University of *Freiberg,Germany,developed the rigid endoscope,by using a sword swallower as his guinea pig.And he took him around on demonstrations.And sword swallowers have been used throughout the years as guinea pigs for themedical and science communities.That’s what we’re celebrating on February 28th,on Sword Swallowers Day.”Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Steve Mirsky.。
2009学年第二学期初中英语七年级教案
教学进度表（2009学年度第二学期）学科：英语年级：七年级执教者：对教材的分析与理解一、教材内容：牛津英语教材的编写体系为"building blocks"(模块建筑体系)（1）以人为本,关注人的发展教材强调以学生为中心(learner-centred),把培养学生的语言综合能力和适应学生终身学习、工作和生活对外语的基本要求作为出发点和目标。
(2) 倡导"任务型"的教学途径任务型教学(Task-based Approach)是近年来交际教学思想的一种发展。
简言之,就是让学生用"英语"去做事,使学生通过大量的伙伴活动和小组活动获得语言运用的机会。
这不仅增加了他们语言输入和输出的量,培养他们以语言为工具解决专项任务(如调查、采访等)的运用能力,而且有利于学生的学习兴趣、热情和积极性的充分调动和保护。
"以任务为主"是牛津英语教材的特点。
)。
⑶语言材料的编排设计体现了科学性、灵活性和开放性的特点该套教材是原版引进改编本,语言地道、真实、自然、接近生活,学生可以最大限度地贴近和实践真实语言是该教材的一个鲜明特点。
整套教材内容的选择考虑到题材和体裁的多样性,练习和活动形式活泼、开放,能从学生的兴趣、生活经验和认知水平出发,倡导体验、实践、参与、合作和交流的学习方式二、教材目标：牛津英语教材采用了Building Blocks(模块建筑体系),将"language"比作"blocks",将语言学习视为:"building blocks",采用"功能---结构---主题---任务"相结合的途径设计教材这套教材的基本立足点是,把学生作为英语学习的主体,通过教学活动,使学生的语言概念、语言实践和语言能力在原有的"模块"基础上得到拓宽和加深,从而实现持续发展。
北海2024年09版小学六年级下册第三次英语第二单元真题试卷
北海2024年09版小学六年级下册英语第二单元真题试卷考试时间：80分钟（总分:140）A卷考试人：_________题号一二三总分得分一、选择题(共计20题，共40分)1、What is the capital of Sweden?A. OsloB. CopenhagenC. StockholmD. Helsinki2、What is the name of the fairy tale character who had a magic mirror?A. CinderellaB. Snow WhiteC. RapunzelD. Belle3、What animal is known for its long neck?A. ElephantB. LionC. GiraffeD. Tiger4、How do you feel when you are scared?A. HappyB. SadC. FrightenedD. Excited5、What do you call the study of the human body?A. AnatomyB. BiologyC. PhysiologyD. Ecology6、What is the largest continent?A. AfricaC. EuropeD. North America7、What is the capital city of Malawi?A. LilongweB. BlantyreC. MzuzuD. Zomba8、选择题：What do we call the process of water turning into vapor?A. EvaporationB. CondensationC. PrecipitationD. Filtration9、What do we call the process of water vapor forming clouds?A. EvaporationB. CondensationC. PrecipitationD. Sublimation10、What do you call the person who teaches students?A. DoctorB. TeacherC. EngineerD. Chef11、选择题：What do you call the act of taking care of pets?A. VeterinaryB. Animal CareC. Pet SittingD. Animal Husbandry12、What do you call a group of stars?A. GalaxyB. PlanetC. CometD. Asteroid13、What do you call the large body of salt water that covers most of the Earth?A. LakeB. RiverD. Pond14、What do you call a scientist who studies rocks?A. BiologistB. ChemistC. GeologistD. Physicist15、选择题：What do you call a baby cat?A. PuppyB. KittenC. CubD. Foal16、What color is the sky on a clear day?A. GreenB. BlueC. YellowD. Red17、What is the capital of Japan?A. BeijingB. SeoulC. TokyoD. Bangkok18、What do we call a baby elephant?A. CalfB. FoalC. KidD. Pup19、Which animal is known for its long neck?A. ElephantB. GiraffeC. LionD. Tiger20、选择题：What do you call a person who repairs pipes?A. ElectricianB. PlumberC. MechanicD. Carpenter二、听力题(共计20题，共40分)1、听力题：The _______ of an object can be affected by the surface it is on.2、听力题：The cat pounces on a _____ toy.3、听力题：World War II lasted from to _______.4、听力题：The _____ (运动) is exciting.5、听力题：A __________ can be used to study earth's magnetic properties.6、听力题：A base reacts with an acid to produce _______.7、听力题：The ______ of a wave is the distance between two peaks.8、听力题：The capital city of Angola is __________.9、听力题：The cake is very ___. (tasty)10、听力题：My uncle is a fantastic ____ (gardener).11、听力题：The city of Cairo is located near the _______.12、听力题：My aunt is a ______. She loves to paint.13、听力题：She is wearing a ________ sweater.14、听力题：They are ___ to music. (dancing)I want to ________ (support) local causes.16、听力题：My uncle enjoys hiking in the ____ (mountains).17、听力题：The bear is big and ______.18、听力填空题：I think teamwork is essential. In group projects, I like to __________.19、听力题：The _______ of sound depends on the vibrations.20、听力题：He plays _______ (video games) every weekend.三、填空题(共计20题，共10分)1、填空题：My ________ (玩具名称) helps me learn about history.2、填空题：The flowers bloom _______ (在春天).3、填空题：When I grow up, I want to have a ________ (赛车). It goes very ________ (快).4、填空题：I can share my dreams with my toy ________ (玩具名称).5、填空题：The first emperor of China was ________ (秦始皇).6、填空题：A ________ likes to dig in the dirt.7、填空题：My dad tells ______ stories.8、填空题：I like to _______ (画画) in the park.A rabbit has long _______ that help it hear the world around it.10、填空题：I found a _______ (小蛇) in the grass.11、填空题：A ________ (草坪) is nice for playing games.12、current) affects navigation and marine life. 填空题：The ____13、填空题：The ______ (海豹) loves to bask in the sun.14、填空题：__________ (材料科学) examines the properties and applications of substances.15、填空题：The kitten chases a ______.16、 Wall of China was built to ______ (保护) the country from invaders. 填空题：The Grea17、填空题：My favorite holiday is ________ (春节) with family.18、填空题：I enjoy _______ (参与) community events.19、填空题：The ladybug is a _________ insect. (小)20、填空题：________ (兰花) are known for their beauty.。
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突破发音[ei]1.Today is great day. 今天非常棒。
∕今天天气非常好。
2.I made a mistake. 我犯了一个错误。
[ai]1.Time flies. 时光飞逝。
2.Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。
[au]1.There ‘s no doubt about it. 此事毫无疑问。
2.I’m so proud of you. 我深深为你而骄傲。
[ə:] /[ɜ:]1.The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
2.I want to be the first. 我想成为第一。
[i:]1.Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
2.Sweet dreams. 愿你做个好梦。
[Λ]1. Money doesn’t grow on trees. 钱不是从天上掉下来的。
2. I’m just lucky. 我只是运气好。
Mike likes to write by the nice bright light at night.麦克喜欢在夜晚明亮的灯光旁写作。
Mike likes to write letters to his girl friend by the bright moonlight at night.My father and mother went through thick and thin together.不管是顺境还是逆境，父母总是同甘共苦。
Neither father nor mother likes this weather.Never give up！Never give in!Never say die!Never regret!Never doubt yourself!Never lose hope!Never say impossible!Never fear challenges!Always look on the bright side of life!Always be positive!Always be tough on yourself!Always aim high!You're the greatest person in the worldDaily Pledge 每日誓言For my future.For my families' happiness,for my parents' expectations,for my motherlands' prosperity,and for world peace,let's make up our minds to destroy all obstacles and embrace all challenges;let's make up our minds to smash our sense of inferiority ,and to overcome our laziness.let's make up our minds to conquer the College Entrance Examinations and create glorious,successful lives!为了自己的未来，为了家庭的幸福。
为了父母的期待，为了祖国的强盛，为了世界的和平。
让我们下定决心，排除万难。
拥抱挑战，战胜自卑和惰性，征服高考，创造灿烂成功的人生。
A letter to my parentsDear Mom and Dad,I love you ! I love you so much! I love you with all my heart! This letter to you is to tell you my true feelings from the bottom of my heart.Thank you so much for bringing me up! Thank you so much for raising me. I know how hard you've worked during the past years. I can imagine how many difficulties and obstacles you've conquered. I can imagine all the problems you have faced and all the sweat and tears you have shed to make my life better. I can fully understand what a huge responsibility it is to raise a child. You've been very patient with me. You've encouraged me and you've helped me. You've tried your hardest to give me the best things in life. You've made a lot of sacrifices and many difficult choices. I also know that you have great expectations of me. You want me to be very successful and happy.You want me to be the best person I can be. You want me to do great things with my life. You want me to make the world a better place. I know you have so many hopes and dreams for my future.Today I want to tell you something extremely important.Today I want to tell you that you don't need to worry about me any more. I'm grown up! I will be responsible for my life and for my future. I will study very hard. I will exercise every day to keep fit. I will read English every morning and every night. I will make the best use of every spare minute. I will be happy, confident, positive, and energetic every day! I will develop good habits and use them to constantly improve myself. I will never do anything that would harm my mind. I will never do anything that would make you feel disappointed or ashamed. I will learn as much as I can and become smarter and stronger every day. I have learned by watching you that the best way to reach mygoals is to work hard and never give up. You're my best role models.You set a great example to me.I have so many great dreams. I know that realizing all thesedreams takes a lot of time and effort. But don't worry about me. I havestrong confidence in myself. I know if I keep trying, keep workinghard,and keep dreaming, I will definitely realize all my dreams. I will besomebody special. But I will not only care about myself. I willcontribute to my school, my hometown, and my country. I willcontribute to society. I will use all my abilities and talents to help myfamily and my country have a glorious future. I will make a differencein this world.Dear Mom and Dad, you'll be proud of me! You will see greatresults from all your hard work and sacrifice. Thank you very much foryour continued support! Thank you very much for your patience, loveand undersranding. I love you! I appreciate you! I'm very proud of you!Exercise every day to keep healthy! Enjoy life every day and stayhappy! My only hope for you is for you both to enjoy continued healthand happiness. You brought me into this world to share your life. I willdo my best to make sure each day of it is filled with joy and pride. Momand Dad, you are the best parents in the world! I don't know what Iwould have done without you.All My Everlasting Love,Your Son/ DaughterYou are my adversary, but you are not my enemy, For your resistance givesme strength, you will give me courage, your spirit ennobles me. Andthough I aim to defeat you , should I succeed I will not humiliate you;instead, I will honor you, For without you, I am a lesser man. 你是我的对手，但不是敌人，因为你的竞争给予我力量，你的意志带给我勇气，你的精神使我崇高。