高考英语动词和动词短语语法专题

2010年高考英语动词和动词短语语法专题2010年《高考风向标》•英语目录第一部分教材梳理必修一 Unit 1 Friendship 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 2 English around the world 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 3 Travel journal 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 5 Nelson Mandela―a modern hero 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测必修二 Unit 1 Cultural relics 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 2 The Olympic Games 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 3 Computers 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 4 Wildlife protection 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 5 Music 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测必修三 Unit 1 Festivals around the world 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 2 Healthy eating 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 单元要点预览语言要点词语辨析词性变化重点单词重点词组重点句子课文要点课文词汇填空课文大意概括课文佳句背诵与仿写单元自测……第二部分语法专题专题一冠词专题二名词专题三代词专题四数词专题五形容词和副词专题六介词专题七情态动词专题八非谓语动词专题九动词和动词短语专题十动词的时态专题十一动词的语态专题十二句子种类专题十三名词性从句专题十四定语从句专题十五状语从句专题十六倒装句和省略句专题十七强调句专题十八虚拟语气专题十九主谓一致专题二十直接引语和间接引语第三部分高考题型讲练听力完形填空语法填空阅读理解信息匹配基础写作读写任务第二部分语法专题专题九动词和动词短语 I、重点难点解析对动词和动词短语主要考查词义辨析，动词的用法与搭配及一词多义；在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。

要特别注意一些最常用的词汇，如get, make, have, take 等。

一动词分类一览表动词的分类行为动词 (实义动词) 及物动词(vt.)＋宾语 He sang a song for us. 不及物动词(vi.) 后不加宾语 He arrived late. ＋介词 He arrived in Beijing at10 a.m. 系动词表人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, appear, seem, look, sound等 He is a farmer. He seems angry. 表状态变化：become, get, go, turn, grow, fall等 The fish went bad. He became a doctor. 表状态的延续或持续：keep, remain, stay等 It keepswarm. He remained silent. 助动词(不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形或分词构成合成谓语)：be, have, do, shall和 will的各种形式Do come tomorrow. I have bought a car. 情态动词can(could), may(might), shall(should), will(would), must, need, dare等 He may come tomorrow. We must study hard. 注：有些动词是兼类词。

如：We have lunch at 12.(行为动词) /We have been to Japan.(助动词)二动词短语构成一览表三高中常用动词短语：动词短语构成动词＋副词 break out The Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937. 动词＋介词 Agree with I agree with you on that point. 动词+副词＋介词 Come up with I came up with a good idea. 动词+名词＋介词 Make use of You should make full use of your time. 动词+名词 Take place Great changes are taking place in our life. 常用动词come, go, keep, look, make, put, take, turn的搭配 1. come come about 发生，造成； come across 越过某处；被理解；偶然发现, 偶然遇到 come after 跟在…后面，追踪；寻找 come along 来到；一道走；赶快；再加把劲儿 come at 向...扑过来, 向...袭击 come back 回来；东山在起；重新流行；回想起；还嘴（常与此同时连用） come from 由…造成；出身于；来自于 come into being／existence 出现，开始形成，建立 come in 进来；（蔬菜、水果等）到成熟期，上市；涨潮；火车进站，船进港口；（比赛中）得…名次（come in second得第二名） come on 跟随；上台；（工作等）进展；赶快；骑（马等）； come out 出来; 出发；出版；名列…；（总数等）达到（+ at/to） come to (oneself)苏醒; 总共; 达到; 碰到 come to an agreement达成协议 come to a close/an end 终止，结束 come to life活过来；活跃起来；栩栩如生 come to light 泄露（真相）；被发现 come to mind想起，回忆起 come to the point （讲话、写文章等）切中要害 come to the /one' s rescue帮助 come true实现，变成现实 come up 升起；走进；种子生长发育；被提出 2. go go about 四处走动；（故事、消息等）传开；在…地方来回走动 go after 追赶；追捕；追求 go ahead 前进；开始干某事；说吧,走吧,做吧(口语)；走在前面 go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事 go around/round绕道；（在某一地方）四处走动；（故事、消息等）传开；在头脑中盘旋 go beyond 超出；超出…的能力 go by 从…经过/通过；（时间）流逝过去；顺便走访 go back to 追溯到；返回；恢复到；回顾 go down（温度等）下降；（价格等）下跌；倒下；（太阳、月亮等）降到地平线下 go in for参与，参与（竞赛等）；从事（某项工作）；爱好，酷爱 go into 进入；撞在…上；调查 go off 离开某地；放弃；（口）变坏，变酸（水、电、煤气等）被切断 go over 越过；超过（期限等）；审阅或审查，核对；仔细查看；复习 go out (火)熄灭,过时了,罢工 go through 穿过；进过；议案、决议等被通过；遭受，经受 (痛苦/困难), 审阅；完成 go too far 太过分, 走太远了 go with 相配（同义词match/go along with） go well with 协调 go wrong 出错;发生故障 3. keep keep away(使)不靠近，（使）远离；不沾 keep back往后站，后退；阻止；对…保守秘密；（从工资等中）扣压，扣下；留给 keep in mind把…记在心里；记住 keep in order（使）保持整齐，使井井有条；维持秩序 keep in touch with 与…保持联系 keep off（使）不接近，（使）保持距离；挡开，避开；回避（避开）某话题 keep one’s ears open（口）留心细听；倾听keep one’s eyes open留心看着，注意留神，提防 keep out（使）不让入内，不要进来；留出来 keep out of将…置身于…之外；（使）不参与；不牵涉进去；不要惹事/麻烦 keep quiet保持安静，别吵闹；保守秘密，隐瞒某事（+about sth.） keep up your courage保持勇气，别泄气 keep up with 跟上 4. look look about/around 向四周看；仔细查看 look after 照料；寻找 look ahead向前看；展望未来; look at看；察看；大致浏览 look back 回顾；回过头看；回忆look down one’s nose at傲慢;看不起; 轻视某人 look down upon/ on sb 轻视某人；鄙视某人/某物 look forward to doing /sth. （殷切地，愉快地）期待，希望；预计有…情况 look into sth 注视…的内部或深处；（=investigate sth.）调查；浏览(书报等) look sb. in/into the eye/face 镇定勇敢地面对 look like／as if似乎是；看起来像 look on /upon sb./sth. as 把...看作. look out小心,当心；向外看 look over 对…审阅；粗略地看；翻阅 look through 透过…看（尤指空隙或透明物体等）；（从头到尾）初略地翻阅 look up 仰视；(从词典，电话本等中)找出 look up to sb 尊敬某人 5. make make out （勉强地）看出；辩认出；理解； make up 构成 make up for 补回失去 make up one's mind（s）决定,下决心 make an effort to do努力，尽力 make oneself heard使自己被别人听到 make good /no sense有意义/没意义 make fun of 嘲笑，和某人开玩笑 make up of 由...组成make one’s living by doing 通过做… make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡 6. put put away 放好；收起来；把…放在原位；储藏放弃 put aside放在一边；抛弃；暂时不做；留出(时间),省出(钱) put back 放在原处；推迟, 延期put down放下；让（乘客）下车；压下去；写下来 put forward 提出（计划/建议等）；拨快钟点；推荐 put off 推迟, 延期；打消, 关上 put into use 投入使用 put off脱掉（衣服等）；推迟，延期 put on 穿上,带上；长高；上演 put out 扑灭,吹灭；生产；出版 put up 举起；张贴；留某人过夜；建造；提出（建议等 put up with和某人住在一起；忍受，忍耐 put through 做成，完成；接通电话使通过考试；使经历（难受的事） put one's heart into 全心全意投入7. take take away 拿走, 挪开，拿开；（使）离开，把某人带走 take back 拿回来，退回；送回某人；（同意）收回（退货） take A for B 把A误认为是B take sb./sth. for granted认为…是必然情况，视为当然 take part in参加 take pride in =be proud of 引以为自豪 take advantage of 利用；占…的便宜 take care of照看，照顾 take charge of开始负…的责；看管；控制 take a chance 碰运气 take hold of抓住；掌握 take notice of对…注意／留心；认真地听 take the opportunity of抓住机会；利用（机会） take the place of代替 take the risk of冒…的险 take off 拿开；去掉；（飞机）起飞；脱下（衣、帽等） take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take up 占据(时间,地方)；从事于 take in吸收（气、水等）；接纳（工作人员等）；收集；骗 take in turn 依次 8. turn turn against 背叛；（使）事情对…不利；（使）攻击 turn around/round转过身去，将…转过来；使（船、飞机等）返航 turn down 拒绝；音量调低；向下翻； turn into 把...变成...；把...翻译成... turn in 上交 turn left向走转 turn off关掉（开关等）；关闭，断开 turn on打开（开关、水、电等） turn out制造出，生产出，培养出；结局是，结果是；原来是 turn over 移交，把...打翻 turn to 转向，求助于，翻到第几页 turn to sb for help 求助于 II、实战演练圈出划线部分的正确答案，使句子完整正确。